Census Profile, 2016 Census
Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Richmond, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Innisfil, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Richmond, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Richmond, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	36,566	...	...	3,232	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	32,727 ^r	...	...	3,275	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	11.7	...	...	-1.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	14,875	...	...	1,679	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	13,364	...	...	1,572	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	139.2	...	...	467.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	262.71	...	...	6.92	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	36,565	18,320	18,240	3,235	1,610	1,620
0 to 14 years	6,330	3,260	3,070	450	240	200
0 to 4 years	1,995	1,030	965	170	90	80
5 to 9 years	2,140	1,110	1,025	145	85	65
10 to 14 years	2,195	1,120	1,075	130	70	60
15 to 64 years	24,595	12,380	12,210	2,005	1,025	975
15 to 19 years	2,270	1,165	1,105	140	75	70
20 to 24 years	2,100	1,095	1,005	195	100	95
25 to 29 years	1,980	1,010	965	175	90	85
30 to 34 years	2,215	1,110	1,105	170	95	80
35 to 39 years	2,245	1,085	1,160	200	105	95
40 to 44 years	2,445	1,220	1,225	160	80	85
45 to 49 years	2,645	1,295	1,345	180	90	90
50 to 54 years	3,360	1,665	1,690	240	115	125
55 to 59 years	3,055	1,560	1,490	275	145	130
60 to 64 years	2,275	1,170	1,110	265	135	130
65 years and over	5,645	2,675	2,965	785	340	440
65 to 69 years	1,905	910	995	245	120	125
70 to 74 years	1,490	740	750	165	85	80
75 to 79 years	1,010	480	525	160	75	85
80 to 84 years	680	300	375	105	35	70
85 years and over	565	245	320	110	30	80
85 to 89 years	395	185	210	65	20	45
90 to 94 years	130	50	85	35	10	25
95 to 99 years	25	10	20	10	0	10
100 years and over	0	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.3	17.8	16.8	13.9	14.9	12.3
15 to 64 years	67.3	67.6	66.9	62.0	63.7	60.2
65 years and over	15.4	14.6	16.3	24.3	21.1	27.2
85 years and over	1.5	1.3	1.8	3.4	1.9	4.9
Average age of the population	40.7	40.2	41.3	45.6	43.7	47.5
Median age of the population	42.4	41.9	43.0	48.6	46.1	50.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	13,360	...	...	1,570	...	...
Single-detached house	12,385	...	...	685	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	975	...	...	890	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...	70	...	...
Row house	550	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	210	...	...	215	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	130	...	...	570	...	...
Other single-attached house	20	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	13,365	...	...	1,575	...	...
1 person	2,440	...	...	660	...	...
2 persons	4,650	...	...	540	...	...
3 persons	2,460	...	...	185	...	...
4 persons	2,410	...	...	130	...	...
5 or more persons	1,410	...	...	55	...	...
Number of persons in private households	36,440	...	...	3,120	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	30,235	15,065	15,175	2,785	1,365	1,415
Married or living common law	19,050	9,520	9,535	1,500	750	750
Married	15,395	7,700	7,695	870	430	435
Living common law	3,660	1,820	1,840	630	320	315
Not married and not living common law	11,185	5,545	5,640	1,290	620	670
Never married	7,155	4,010	3,140	730	420	305
Separated	925	410	515	50	25	25
Divorced	1,650	765	885	275	125	150
Widowed	1,460	355	1,105	235	45	185
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	10,995	...	...	875	...	...
2 persons	5,195	...	...	515	...	...
3 persons	2,575	...	...	185	...	...
4 persons	2,310	...	...	130	...	...
5 or more persons	915	...	...	50	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	10,990	...	...	880	...	...
Total couple families	9,435	...	...	740	...	...
Married couples	7,610	...	...	420	...	...
Common-law couples	1,830	...	...	315	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,555	...	...	135	...	...
Female parent	1,150	...	...	105	...	...
Male parent	405	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	9,435	...	...	740	...	...
Couples without children	4,320	...	...	440	...	...
Couples with children	5,120	...	...	295	...	...
1 child	2,065	...	...	135	...	...
2 children	2,180	...	...	110	...	...
3 or more children	875	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,555	...	...	140	...	...
1 child	875	...	...	75	...	...
2 children	515	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,295	2,170	2,120	765	380	390
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	13,360	...	...	1,575	...	...
One-census-family households	10,140	...	...	870	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,970	...	...	440	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	6,165	...	...	435	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	425	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,805	...	...	700	...	...
One-person households	2,440	...	...	660	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	365	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	36,555	18,315	18,240	3,235	1,610	1,620
English only	34,555	17,470	17,085	230	100	130
French only	5	0	0	1,435	685	745
English and French	1,765	740	1,030	1,565	825	745
Neither English nor French	230	100	125	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	36,555	18,315	18,240	3,230	1,610	1,625
English	35,820	17,970	17,845	805	400	405
French	445	210	235	2,395	1,190	1,210
English and French	65	30	35	30	20	10
Neither English nor French	220	100	125	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	480	225	255	815	410	410
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.2	1.4	25.2	25.5	25.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	36,555	18,310	18,240	3,230	1,610	1,625
Single responses	36,020	18,055	17,970	3,175	1,580	1,595
Official languages	31,510	15,815	15,695	3,140	1,565	1,575
English	31,025	15,585	15,440	780	390	390
French	480	230	250	2,360	1,175	1,185
Non-official languages	4,515	2,235	2,275	35	20	20
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,515	2,235	2,275	40	20	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	170	90	75	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	160	90	70	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	30	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	35	40	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	5	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	35	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	20	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	20	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	60	15	45	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	90	45	45	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,585	1,830	1,750	25	15	15
Albanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	915	440	470	5	5	0
Baltic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	880	425	455	5	5	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Polish	270	130	140	0	0	0
Russian	325	160	165	5	0	0
Serbian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	510	255	245	15	0	10
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	20	5	15	0	0	0
Dutch	155	90	65	5	0	0
Frisian	0	5	0	0	0	0
German	300	150	155	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	45	60	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	220	115	105	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	145	70	70	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	80	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,815	960	860	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	750	425	320	0	0	0
Portuguese	540	290	250	0	0	0
Romanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	485	225	265	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	65	90	0	0	0
Chinese languages	150	65	85	0	0	0
Cantonese	70	30	45	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	25	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	190	80	110	5	5	0
Estonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Finnish	55	20	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	125	50	70	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	535	255	275	60	30	30
English and French	80	35	45	55	25	25
English and non-official language	425	215	210	0	0	5
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	36,555	18,315	18,240	3,230	1,610	1,625
Single responses	35,680	17,890	17,790	3,145	1,575	1,570
Official languages	34,085	17,090	16,995	3,135	1,570	1,565
English	33,970	17,050	16,920	775	380	395
French	120	40	75	2,360	1,190	1,170
Non-official languages	1,590	800	795	10	5	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,590	795	795	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	45	25	20	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	70	40	35	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,165	595	570	5	0	5
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	400	205	195	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	390	200	190	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	105	55	50	0	0	0
Russian	240	125	120	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	25	20	5	0	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	20	0	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	135	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	560	290	280	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	145	85	65	5	0	5
Portuguese	160	85	75	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	240	110	130	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	25	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	20	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	875	425	455	85	40	50
English and French	50	25	25	80	35	45
English and non-official language	810	385	420	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	10	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	36,555	18,310	18,240	3,230	1,610	1,625
None	33,830	17,025	16,805	2,690	1,330	1,360
English	760	385	380	275	140	135
French	325	130	195	245	125	120
Non-official language	1,610	765	845	25	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,610	760	845	25	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	5	0	5	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	30,110	15,010	15,100	2,675	1,325	1,345
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,890	14,430	14,460	2,605	1,295	1,305
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,060	45,064	28,027	28,416	33,296	24,080
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,895	14,430	14,465	2,600	1,300	1,305
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,719	39,680	25,889	25,888	29,683	22,840
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,125	13,375	12,745	2,205	1,125	1,075
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,671	44,489	25,091	25,813	31,552	20,544
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,025	8,950	11,075	2,140	1,010	1,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,225	3,298	6,036	9,014	8,208	10,123
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,255	11,710	10,540	1,715	920	795
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,298	46,387	28,190	28,736	34,624	24,405
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	30,110	15,010	15,105	2,700	1,330	1,370
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,770	14,405	14,365	2,585	1,285	1,300
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,966	57,116	36,786	32,804	35,725	29,918
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,775	14,405	14,370	2,590	1,285	1,300
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,976	46,143	31,791	28,629	30,571	26,711
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,045	13,345	12,705	2,220	1,105	1,110
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,927	56,717	34,594	29,140	33,631	24,662
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,905	8,950	10,950	2,075	970	1,110
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,787	7,382	8,119	9,703	8,928	10,379
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,255	11,735	10,520	1,770	930	840
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,550	56,670	35,264	31,725	35,061	28,035
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	30,110	15,010	15,100	2,705	1,330	1,370
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,425	6,680	4,745	815	470	340
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,384	61,596	46,939	40,121	42,791	35,629
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,369	74,619	52,348	43,087	45,714	39,470
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.3	91.8	83.1	76.3	82.2	68.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.5	80.4	70.7	63.0	68.1	57.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.7	8.2	16.9	23.7	18.1	31.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	30,110	15,010	15,105	2,670	1,325	1,345
Without total income	1,225	580	645	65	30	35
With total income	28,890	14,430	14,460	2,605	1,295	1,310
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.1	95.7	97.6	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,055	1,690	2,365	270	120	145
$10,000 to $19,999	4,635	1,755	2,880	590	225	360
$20,000 to $29,999	4,025	1,650	2,370	520	230	295
$30,000 to $39,999	3,295	1,430	1,860	420	230	195
$40,000 to $49,999	2,900	1,415	1,485	335	185	155
$50,000 to $59,999	2,475	1,350	1,130	160	100	65
$60,000 to $69,999	1,850	1,195	655	115	80	35
$70,000 to $79,999	1,530	1,020	510	85	55	30
$80,000 to $89,999	1,160	780	385	35	25	15
$90,000 to $99,999	890	600	295	25	15	5
$100,000 and over	2,070	1,550	520	45	35	15
$100,000 to $149,999	1,540	1,140	395	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	535	405	125	15	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	30,115	15,010	15,105	2,670	1,330	1,345
Without after-tax income	1,220	580	635	65	30	40
With after-tax income	28,890	14,430	14,460	2,605	1,300	1,305
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.1	95.7	97.6	97.7	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,165	1,715	2,450	280	120	160
$10,000 to $19,999	4,890	1,870	3,025	610	245	370
$20,000 to $29,999	4,690	1,960	2,740	645	300	340
$30,000 to $39,999	3,850	1,730	2,120	505	280	230
$40,000 to $49,999	3,550	1,915	1,640	285	165	120
$50,000 to $59,999	2,505	1,585	915	150	100	50
$60,000 to $69,999	1,960	1,305	655	60	40	20
$70,000 to $79,999	1,260	860	400	25	20	5
$80,000 and over	2,020	1,490	530	40	25	15
$80,000 to $89,999	800	570	230	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	410	305	110	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	815	620	195	20	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	30,115	15,010	15,100	2,675	1,325	1,345
Without employment income	7,860	3,300	4,560	960	410	550
With employment income	22,250	11,710	10,545	1,710	915	795
Percentage with employment income	73.9	78.0	69.8	63.9	69.1	59.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,845	1,350	1,490	205	105	100
$5,000 to $9,999	1,785	745	1,040	145	60	90
$10,000 to $19,999	2,810	1,170	1,640	225	90	130
$20,000 to $29,999	2,270	980	1,290	315	140	180
$30,000 to $39,999	2,245	960	1,285	270	140	125
$40,000 to $49,999	2,135	1,050	1,085	225	145	75
$50,000 to $59,999	1,890	1,040	850	120	80	40
$60,000 to $69,999	1,485	985	500	65	50	20
$70,000 to $79,999	1,250	845	405	75	55	25
$80,000 and over	3,545	2,595	950	70	55	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,005	685	320	25	20	0
$90,000 to $99,999	810	545	260	15	15	5
$100,000 and over	1,730	1,360	370	30	25	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	13,365	...	...	1,570	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,516	...	...	45,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,579	...	...	40,704	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,440	...	...	660	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,829	...	...	25,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,694	...	...	23,654	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	10,930	...	...	910	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,799	...	...	64,853	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,984	...	...	57,600	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	13,365	...	...	1,575	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	101,116	...	...	53,967	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	83,932	...	...	47,099	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,445	...	...	695	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,020	...	...	29,775	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,290	...	...	26,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	10,915	...	...	880	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,567	...	...	73,133	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,265	...	...	63,410	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	13,365	...	...	1,570	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	90	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	250	...	...	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	415	...	...	115	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	380	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	470	...	...	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	490	...	...	105	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	505	...	...	100	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	525	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,020	...	...	140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	925	...	...	125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	990	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	930	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	845	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,245	...	...	195	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,855	...	...	100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,285	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,305	...	...	35	...	...
$200,000 and over	805	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,365	...	...	1,575	...	...
Under $5,000	135	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	85	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	160	...	...	90	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	270	...	...	135	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	470	...	...	140	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	425	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	515	...	...	145	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	585	...	...	110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	650	...	...	120	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	670	...	...	90	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,190	...	...	160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,210	...	...	120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,180	...	...	95	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,095	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	935	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,785	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,750	...	...	70	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	975	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,065	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	10,670	...	...	890	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,817	...	...	64,939	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,382	...	...	57,856	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,835	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,195	...	...	57,173	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,303	...	...	50,816	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,165	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,429	...	...	85,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,335	...	...	73,984	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,375	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,200	...	...	47,659	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,400	...	...	43,904	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	10,670	...	...	855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,693	...	...	73,592	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,426	...	...	63,789	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,815	...	...	400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	108,219	...	...	66,547	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,883	...	...	58,205	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,140	...	...	310	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,823	...	...	91,473	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,190	...	...	77,990	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,405	...	...	130	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,015	...	...	53,336	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,861	...	...	47,484	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,410	1,815	1,595	720	360	365
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,129	44,480	30,784	25,224	27,872	23,296
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,132	38,642	28,448	23,701	25,690	22,528
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,475	1,845	1,630	740	355	380
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,899	48,429	43,042	29,476	31,085	27,984
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,976	40,526	37,226	26,236	27,025	25,505
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	36,440	18,270	18,170	3,115	1,570	1,545
In the bottom half of the distribution	16,255	7,895	8,360	2,240	1,090	1,145
In the bottom decile	2,220	1,110	1,110	305	160	150
In the second decile	2,860	1,290	1,565	540	225	310
In the third decile	3,245	1,555	1,690	530	265	265
In the fourth decile	3,835	1,890	1,945	490	260	230
In the fifth decile	4,100	2,045	2,050	370	185	190
In the top half of the distribution	20,185	10,375	9,805	880	480	405
In the sixth decile	4,205	2,140	2,060	325	185	145
In the seventh decile	4,430	2,250	2,180	235	125	110
In the eighth decile	4,350	2,260	2,095	170	95	80
In the ninth decile	4,280	2,205	2,080	95	50	40
In the top decile	2,920	1,525	1,400	60	25	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	36,440	18,270	18,170	3,115	1,570	1,550
0 to 17 years	7,690	3,945	3,745	530	290	245
0 to 5 years	2,410	1,240	1,170	200	110	90
18 to 64 years	23,205	11,680	11,525	1,895	965	930
65 years and over	5,545	2,645	2,900	690	315	375
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,445	1,650	1,795	585	275	310
0 to 17 years	975	495	480	85	50	30
0 to 5 years	300	155	145	30	20	15
18 to 64 years	1,965	955	1,010	315	160	160
65 years and over	505	195	305	185	70	115
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.5	9.0	9.9	18.8	17.5	20.0
0 to 17 years (%)	12.7	12.5	12.8	16.0	17.2	12.2
0 to 5 years (%)	12.4	12.5	12.4	15.0	18.2	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	8.5	8.2	8.8	16.6	16.6	17.2
65 years and over (%)	9.1	7.4	10.5	26.8	22.2	30.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,285	655	625	205	120	90
0 to 17 years	325	165	160	30	15	10
0 to 5 years	65	35	25	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	880	460	425	165	90	75
65 years and over	80	30	45	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.5	3.6	3.4	6.6	7.6	5.8
0 to 17 years (%)	4.2	4.2	4.3	5.7	5.2	4.1
0 to 5 years (%)	2.7	2.8	2.1	5.0	9.1	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	3.9	3.7	8.7	9.3	8.1
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.1	1.6	2.2	3.2	1.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	36,440	18,270	18,175	3,120	1,535	1,580
Official languages	36,195	18,150	18,045	3,120	1,530	1,585
English	36,190	18,145	18,040	1,765	920	840
French	1,765	720	1,040	2,895	1,430	1,465
Non-official languages	5,795	2,865	2,935	100	35	65
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,790	2,855	2,925	100	35	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	300	150	150	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	300	150	150	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	125	60	60	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	80	40	40	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	80	40	35	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	45	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	20	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	145	50	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	45	90	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	65	25	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	65	20	35	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,470	2,270	2,200	90	30	65
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,195	570	625	10	0	10
Baltic languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Latvian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,150	555	595	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Polish	390	165	225	0	0	0
Russian	465	230	235	0	0	0
Serbian	65	50	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovak	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	135	70	60	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	625	295	325	20	0	15
Afrikaans	25	0	25	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	155	90	65	10	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	420	205	220	15	0	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	110	40	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	180	90	85	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	110	50	60	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	35	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	60	30	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,410	1,305	1,105	75	20	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,060	590	465	20	0	10
Portuguese	725	385	345	0	10	0
Romanian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Spanish	680	340	335	55	10	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	90	45	50	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	35	40	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	30	15	20	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	10	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	290	130	160	0	0	0
Chinese languages	285	130	160	0	0	0
Cantonese	220	110	110	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	40	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Lao	25	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	15	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	55	15	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	250	135	110	0	0	0
Estonian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Finnish	55	35	25	0	0	0
Hungarian	170	100	70	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	36,440	18,270	18,175	3,120	1,535	1,580
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	35,325	17,685	17,640	3,100	1,525	1,580
Canadian citizens aged under 18	7,680	3,885	3,795	550	275	275
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	27,645	13,805	13,840	2,555	1,250	1,305
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,115	580	530	15	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	36,440	18,270	18,170	3,120	1,535	1,585
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	30,665	15,485	15,180	3,070	1,500	1,565
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,745	2,765	2,985	50	35	20
Before 1981	2,820	1,370	1,450	25	10	10
1981 to 1990	800	390	410	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	930	445	485	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	900	420	480	20	20	10
2001 to 2005	450	225	230	15	10	0
2006 to 2010	445	200	245	10	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	295	135	155	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,745	2,765	2,985	50	35	20
Under 5 years	840	410	430	15	0	10
5 to 14 years	1,365	690	680	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	1,440	670	765	10	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,835	885	950	20	10	10
45 years and over	260	100	155	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,745	2,760	2,980	50	35	15
Americas	1,070	500	570	15	0	10
Brazil	65	30	35	0	0	0
Colombia	60	30	35	0	0	0
El Salvador	45	15	30	0	0	0
Guyana	95	35	65	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	140	65	75	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	85	45	35	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	280	125	160	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	265	145	125	0	0	0
Europe	3,620	1,775	1,835	40	30	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	10	0
Croatia	35	20	20	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	20	15	0
Germany	230	120	115	0	0	10
Greece	40	25	10	0	0	0
Hungary	85	45	40	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Italy	460	275	190	10	0	10
Netherlands	165	105	60	0	0	0
Poland	255	125	130	0	0	0
Portugal	365	205	165	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	150	75	80	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	55	40	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	170	85	80	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,250	500	750	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	295	135	160	0	0	0
Africa	135	75	65	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	55	40	0	0	0
Asia	900	395	505	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	100	25	75	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	50	35	15	0	0	0
India	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iraq	105	60	50	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	80	30	50	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	110	25	85	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	85	40	45	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	55	35	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	170	75	95	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	295	135	160	0	0	0
Americas	115	50	65	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	10	20	0	0	0
Europe	100	55	50	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	35	15	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	15	10	0	0	0
Asia	55	20	35	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	36,440	18,270	18,170	3,120	1,535	1,580
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,855	2,820	3,040	50	35	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,535	4,345	4,185	125	55	75
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	22,050	11,100	10,945	2,935	1,440	1,495
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,020	1,445	1,570	25	20	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,245	630	620	15	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	465	340	125	15	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	780	290	490	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,265	535	730	0	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	445	250	195	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	60	35	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	36,440	18,270	18,170	3,120	1,535	1,585
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	910	425	485	25	15	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	870	400	475	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	490	225	265	10	10	0
Métis	370	175	195	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	35,535	17,845	17,685	3,095	1,520	1,575
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	36,440	18,270	18,175	3,120	1,535	1,585
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	235	130	110	15	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	36,205	18,140	18,065	3,105	1,525	1,580
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	36,440	18,270	18,170	3,120	1,535	1,585
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	170	115	60	30	20	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	170	110	55	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	95	60	35	30	15	15
Métis single ancestry	65	40	25	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,270	565	715	95	40	55
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,245	545	700	95	35	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	880	405	480	70	35	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	350	135	210	25	0	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	15	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	34,995	17,590	17,400	2,990	1,475	1,515
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	36,440	18,270	18,175	3,115	1,535	1,580
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,830	1,365	1,465	10	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	345	170	175	0	0	0
Chinese	315	130	185	0	0	0
Black	640	325	315	0	0	0
Filipino	160	40	120	0	0	0
Latin American	560	295	265	0	0	0
Arab	105	60	40	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	185	75	105	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	105	60	50	0	0	0
Korean	100	50	60	0	0	0
Japanese	35	25	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	105	55	50	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	185	90	95	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	33,610	16,905	16,705	3,115	1,530	1,585
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	36,440	18,270	18,170	3,115	1,535	1,580
North American Aboriginal origins	1,445	675	765	125	60	65
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,005	485	520	100	50	50
Inuit	25	10	15	0	0	0
Métis	450	205	245	20	0	20
Other North American origins	12,060	6,030	6,025	2,240	1,045	1,190
Acadian	25	15	10	20	10	10
American	440	225	215	35	0	25
Canadian	11,755	5,895	5,855	2,120	990	1,130
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	100	35	65	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	0	85	45	40
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	28,820	14,380	14,440	1,380	695	680
British Isles origins	19,300	9,530	9,770	645	340	300
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	11,735	5,830	5,910	305	165	135
Irish	7,680	3,700	3,980	300	175	130
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	7,950	3,825	4,130	175	80	90
Welsh	740	320	415	20	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,240	640	595	25	10	20
French origins	3,410	1,595	1,815	905	445	460
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,405	1,595	1,810	895	435	460
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,795	2,870	2,925	165	75	90
Austrian	285	150	135	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	110	50	60	10	0	10
Dutch	2,000	1,060	940	60	25	35
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,665	1,790	1,870	100	50	50
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swiss	190	85	105	35	20	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	890	510	380	10	10	0
Danish	245	140	100	0	0	0
Finnish	275	170	100	10	0	0
Icelandic	20	15	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	200	115	90	0	0	0
Swedish	150	80	65	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	65	35	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,085	2,015	2,070	10	10	0
Bulgarian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	105	50	55	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Estonian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	495	265	235	0	0	0
Latvian	90	30	60	0	0	0
Lithuanian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Moldovan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Polish	1,495	725	770	10	0	0
Romanian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Russian	630	305	325	10	0	0
Slovak	85	45	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,400	660	735	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,195	3,220	2,980	60	35	25
Albanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	240	85	155	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	335	145	190	0	0	0
Italian	3,720	2,005	1,710	40	20	20
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	130	65	65	0	0	0
Maltese	190	90	100	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,340	705	640	0	0	0
Serbian	100	55	50	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Spanish	495	255	240	15	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	70	15	50	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	195	115	75	10	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	135	85	50	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	50	30	25	10	0	0
Caribbean origins	630	325	305	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	40	20	25	0	0	0
Dominican	15	10	0	10	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	350	180	170	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	30	10	20	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	90	60	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	770	410	365	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	10	25	0	0	0
Arawak	20	15	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	120	65	50	0	0	0
Costa Rican	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	110	75	40	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	20	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	155	75	80	0	0	0
Hispanic	20	15	10	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	30	20	10	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	45	10	30	0	0	0
Uruguayan	45	20	25	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	330	180	150	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	45	15	20	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	45	25	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	95	45	45	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	40	15	20	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	15	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	150	85	60	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	150	85	65	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,900	855	1,050	10	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	515	260	260	0	0	0
Afghan	25	0	15	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	95	50	50	0	0	0
Israeli	35	10	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	65	30	30	0	0	0
Palestinian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	15	35	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	65	40	30	0	0	0
South Asian origins	420	200	225	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	275	125	150	0	0	0
Goan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	40	20	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	75	40	35	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,005	415	590	10	0	10
Burmese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	75	25	50	0	0	0
Chinese	485	200	285	0	0	0
Filipino	180	60	125	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	15	0	10	0	0
Japanese	75	35	40	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	50	60	0	0	0
Laotian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	45	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Australian	20	15	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	13,365	...	...	1,575	...	...
Owner	11,815	...	...	785	...	...
Renter	1,550	...	...	790	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	13,365	...	...	1,575	...	...
Condominium	165	...	...	95	...	...
Not condominium	13,200	...	...	1,480	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	13,365	...	...	1,575	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	380	...	...	245	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,715	...	...	515	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,805	...	...	540	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,460	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	13,365	...	...	1,570	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,215	...	...	505	...	...
5 rooms	2,295	...	...	390	...	...
6 rooms	2,620	...	...	230	...	...
7 rooms	2,280	...	...	120	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,955	...	...	320	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	13,365	...	...	1,575	...	...
One person or fewer per room	13,310	...	...	1,575	...	...
More than 1 person per room	55	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	13,360	...	...	1,570	...	...
Suitable	12,975	...	...	1,545	...	...
Not suitable	390	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	13,365	...	...	1,575	...	...
1960 or before	1,990	...	...	765	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,345	...	...	425	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,225	...	...	205	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,170	...	...	50	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,075	...	...	40	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,220	...	...	55	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,335	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	13,360	...	...	1,575	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	12,675	...	...	1,455	...	...
Major repairs needed	690	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	13,365	...	...	1,570	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,860	...	...	1,125	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,150	...	...	435	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	360	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	13,360	...	...	1,575	...	...
15 to 24 years	130	...	...	80	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,455	...	...	175	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,370	...	...	190	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,185	...	...	315	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,985	...	...	345	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,945	...	...	255	...	...
75 to 84 years	995	...	...	165	...	...
85 years and over	300	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	13,310	...	...	1,570	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,075	...	...	1,280	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,235	...	...	290	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,860	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,775	...	...	790	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	70.1	...	...	59.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	21.2	...	...	12.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,480	...	...	781	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,474	...	...	839	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	399,955	...	...	150,378	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	440,524	...	...	162,842	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,545	...	...	785	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	3.9	...	...	8.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.1	...	...	25.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,349	...	...	529	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,342	...	...	577	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	30,110	15,010	15,100	2,705	1,335	1,375
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,245	3,280	2,960	855	435	420
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,660	4,765	4,890	675	300	375
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,210	6,960	7,255	1,175	600	580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,910	2,285	625	475	285	185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,285	880	410	390	240	155
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,625	1,410	220	80	50	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,340	3,140	4,200	400	180	220
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	470	220	250	45	15	30
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,485	1,310	2,175	255	120	140
Bachelor's degree	2,625	920	1,705	195	95	100
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	280	125	155	25	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	40	25	0	0	0
Master's degree	480	195	285	30	15	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	30	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	20,150	10,055	10,095	1,670	830	840
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,680	1,540	1,135	385	210	180
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,420	3,265	3,160	405	195	215
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,055	5,255	5,800	875	430	450
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,100	1,650	445	360	215	145
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	915	615	300	305	175	125
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,180	1,035	150	60	35	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,860	2,480	3,385	280	130	155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	335	150	190	30	10	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,760	985	1,780	205	80	120
Bachelor's degree	2,070	705	1,370	145	55	95
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	230	90	135	25	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	35	20	0	0	0
Master's degree	380	135	250	30	10	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	30,110	15,010	15,100	2,700	1,330	1,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,900	8,050	7,850	1,530	735	795
Education	690	215	475	50	15	40
13. Education	690	210	475	50	10	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	555	220	340	40	15	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	80	15	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	465	140	325	35	10	25
Humanities	530	180	350	70	40	30
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	20	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	125	35	90	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	150	50	100	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	40	15	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	30	35	0	0	0
54. History	75	25	55	15	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	40	0	35	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,620	305	1,315	60	10	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	30	90	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	395	25	365	15	10	10
22. Legal professions and studies	335	25	310	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	0	45	10	0	10
42. Psychology	280	50	230	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	415	170	245	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	2,860	920	1,935	225	65	165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	35	205	0	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,610	885	1,725	225	55	160
Physical and life sciences and technologies	305	145	160	15	0	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	90	35	50	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	85	55	35	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	90	45	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	325	245	85	30	25	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	265	210	55	30	30	0
25. Library science	30	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	20	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,805	3,620	185	335	320	15
04. Architecture and related services	100	80	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	260	225	40	35	30	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	705	635	65	60	55	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,040	1,020	20	50	50	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,085	1,070	15	95	90	10
48. Precision production	615	590	25	95	90	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	270	155	110	35	30	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	160	80	80	25	25	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	80	35	10	10	10
Health and related fields	2,060	315	1,745	200	30	170
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	175	55	120	0	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,880	260	1,615	195	20	170
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,180	645	535	110	60	55
12. Personal and culinary services	495	115	380	55	10	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	440	305	140	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	240	230	20	55	40	10
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	20,155	10,060	10,095	1,670	830	840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,100	4,800	4,295	790	400	395
Education	500	130	375	50	15	35
13. Education	500	125	370	45	15	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	385	135	245	30	10	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	45	10	0	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	320	95	230	30	10	15
Humanities	365	120	245	50	20	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	20	15	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	95	20	70	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	40	65	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	15	15	0	0	0
54. History	65	15	45	15	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,325	225	1,100	35	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	15	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	20	70	10	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	315	10	300	15	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	310	15	295	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	225	45	175	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	345	130	215	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,250	740	1,510	180	40	140
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	35	165	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,050	705	1,350	175	35	140
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	105	130	15	0	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	15	40	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	40	20	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	70	30	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	10	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	290	210	80	25	20	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	235	185	50	20	20	0
25. Library science	25	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	20	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,915	2,755	155	240	230	15
04. Architecture and related services	80	65	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	200	165	35	20	20	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	535	475	55	45	40	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	765	760	0	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	860	840	20	75	70	0
48. Precision production	465	445	20	75	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	110	95	35	25	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	120	55	65	25	20	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	55	25	10	10	10
Health and related fields	1,650	240	1,410	135	20	110
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	140	40	100	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,505	195	1,310	125	15	115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	945	495	455	90	40	45
12. Personal and culinary services	400	85	320	40	0	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	360	240	125	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	170	10	40	30	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	30,110	15,010	15,100	2,705	1,330	1,370
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,900	8,050	7,850	1,525	730	795
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,210	6,960	7,250	1,175	595	575
Location of study inside Canada	12,805	6,255	6,550	1,145	580	570
Same as province or territory of residence	12,230	5,930	6,295	1,100	540	565
Different than province or territory of residence	580	325	255	45	35	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,410	710	705	25	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	305	145	155	0	0	0
Philippines	50	10	40	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	280	180	100	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	750	360	385	10	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	20,150	10,060	10,095	1,670	830	835
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,100	4,800	4,295	795	405	390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,055	5,255	5,795	880	430	445
Location of study inside Canada	10,070	4,795	5,275	865	420	445
Same as province or territory of residence	9,650	4,565	5,090	845	400	440
Different than province or territory of residence	420	230	190	25	15	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	985	460	520	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	240	135	110	0	0	0
Philippines	40	10	35	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	125	70	55	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	560	245	315	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	30,115	15,010	15,105	2,705	1,330	1,370
In the labour force	20,645	11,025	9,620	1,645	840	810
Employed	19,205	10,300	8,900	1,535	795	745
Unemployed	1,440	725	715	110	45	60
Not in the labour force	9,470	3,985	5,480	1,060	490	565
Participation rate	68.6	73.5	63.7	60.8	63.2	59.1
Employment rate	63.8	68.6	58.9	56.7	59.8	54.4
Unemployment rate	7.0	6.6	7.4	6.7	5.4	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	30,115	15,010	15,100	2,705	1,335	1,370
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	8,995	3,740	5,255	965	430	535
Worked	21,115	11,270	9,845	1,740	905	835
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,720	6,840	4,880	825	480	345
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,400	4,435	4,965	910	420	495
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.1	43.0	41.5	41.2	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	20,645	11,020	9,620	1,645	835	805
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	510	215	290	40	10	35
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	20,135	10,810	9,325	1,605	835	770
Employee	17,690	9,145	8,540	1,415	720	690
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,445	1,660	785	195	110	80
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	20,640	11,025	9,620	1,645	840	805
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	510	215	290	40	0	35
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	20,135	10,810	9,325	1,605	835	770
0 Management occupations	2,180	1,300	875	130	65	65
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,955	595	2,360	170	50	120
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	810	670	145	50	35	10
3 Health occupations	920	140	780	135	25	110
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,860	540	1,325	140	45	100
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	335	140	190	30	20	15
6 Sales and service occupations	4,530	1,620	2,910	350	115	230
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,890	4,645	240	275	270	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	450	340	115	55	55	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,205	820	385	260	155	110
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	20,640	11,025	9,620	1,640	835	805
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	510	215	290	40	0	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	20,135	10,805	9,325	1,605	835	770
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	275	165	110	40	40	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	35	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	175	130	40	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,845	2,515	330	35	35	0
31-33 Manufacturing	2,335	1,675	665	535	335	195
41 Wholesale trade	890	580	310	20	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	2,665	1,205	1,460	215	75	135
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,105	830	275	105	95	10
51 Information and cultural industries	385	195	190	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	555	155	405	45	15	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	200	155	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	980	415	565	25	15	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,185	660	520	70	55	10
61 Educational services	1,205	335	870	80	35	45
62 Health care and social assistance	1,770	205	1,565	225	35	190
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	390	165	220	25	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	1,060	330	735	45	15	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	930	480	450	75	35	40
91 Public administration	965	525	440	45	25	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	19,205	10,300	8,905	1,535	790	745
Worked at home	1,185	510	670	100	50	50
Worked outside Canada	50	35	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,185	2,505	685	115	80	35
Worked at usual place	14,785	7,250	7,535	1,320	655	660
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,785	7,250	7,535	1,320	660	665
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,570	980	1,590	610	250	360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,660	2,520	3,140	325	185	140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,530	3,730	2,800	380	215	170
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	0	0	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	17,970	9,755	8,220	1,435	740	695
Car, truck, van - as a driver	16,065	8,940	7,125	1,180	615	565
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,060	515	550	55	30	25
Public transit	350	110	240	10	0	0
Walked	310	120	190	140	55	90
Bicycle	15	15	10	25	20	0
Other method	170	60	110	25	20	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	17,970	9,755	8,215	1,435	740	700
Less than 15 minutes	2,435	980	1,455	770	340	425
15 to 29 minutes	4,855	2,235	2,615	305	190	110
30 to 44 minutes	3,135	1,565	1,570	270	140	130
45 to 59 minutes	2,390	1,455	930	65	40	20
60 minutes and over	5,155	3,515	1,640	35	25	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	17,970	9,750	8,215	1,435	740	700
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,895	2,160	735	85	60	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,575	2,090	1,485	370	225	145
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,965	1,960	2,005	410	190	215
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,780	1,045	1,735	260	80	185
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,575	535	1,040	40	25	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,175	1,955	1,225	265	165	105
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	21,785	11,600	10,185	1,795	935	860
Single responses	21,670	11,545	10,120	1,670	880	790
Official languages	21,605	11,495	10,110	1,675	880	790
English	21,550	11,490	10,060	245	100	140
French	60	0	50	1,430	780	650
Non-official languages	65	45	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	50	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	55	65	120	55	65
English and French	25	0	30	115	55	65
English and non-official language	85	55	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	21,785	11,600	10,190	1,795	935	865
None	21,185	11,300	9,885	1,200	630	565
English	80	35	40	455	235	220
French	225	90	135	140	65	75
Non-official language	285	165	120	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	285	160	120	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	36,060	18,090	17,975	3,090	1,520	1,570
Non-movers	31,910	16,040	15,875	2,630	1,325	1,305
Movers	4,150	2,050	2,095	460	195	265
Non-migrants	1,185	560	630	285	115	170
Migrants	2,965	1,490	1,470	175	85	95
Internal migrants	2,865	1,435	1,430	175	80	95
Intraprovincial migrants	2,765	1,395	1,370	180	80	95
Interprovincial migrants	105	45	55	0	0	0
External migrants	100	60	40	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	34,485	17,290	17,190	2,935	1,450	1,485
Non-movers	21,835	11,010	10,830	1,850	915	930
Movers	12,645	6,285	6,365	1,085	530	550
Non-migrants	3,720	1,885	1,835	625	290	335
Migrants	8,925	4,395	4,525	465	240	220
Internal migrants	8,655	4,285	4,370	460	240	220
Intraprovincial migrants	8,450	4,185	4,265	445	230	220
Interprovincial migrants	205	95	105	20	15	0
External migrants	270	110	155	0	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Innisfil, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Richmond, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Richmond, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Richmond, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Richmond, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec