Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitewater Region, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Whitewater Region, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]			Saint John, C New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Whitewater Region, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Whitewater Region, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint John, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	7,009	...	...	67,575	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	6,921	...	...	70,063	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.3	...	...	-3.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,416	...	...	33,801	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,775	...	...	30,208	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13.0	...	...	213.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	539.51	...	...	315.96	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	7,005	3,445	3,565	67,575	32,095	35,485
0 to 14 years	1,190	605	585	10,045	5,120	4,925
0 to 4 years	430	200	225	3,245	1,665	1,580
5 to 9 years	390	205	185	3,565	1,845	1,720
10 to 14 years	375	200	170	3,235	1,615	1,620
15 to 64 years	4,330	2,115	2,210	44,565	21,470	23,100
15 to 19 years	405	205	195	3,535	1,795	1,735
20 to 24 years	335	155	175	4,315	2,150	2,165
25 to 29 years	325	165	160	4,330	2,160	2,175
30 to 34 years	385	210	180	4,110	1,970	2,140
35 to 39 years	405	190	210	4,055	1,910	2,145
40 to 44 years	355	165	190	4,210	2,015	2,195
45 to 49 years	385	180	205	4,400	2,055	2,345
50 to 54 years	590	285	305	5,410	2,605	2,805
55 to 59 years	620	315	310	5,435	2,545	2,885
60 to 64 years	525	245	280	4,760	2,260	2,505
65 years and over	1,490	725	770	12,965	5,505	7,455
65 to 69 years	495	255	240	4,110	1,930	2,185
70 to 74 years	360	195	170	2,980	1,350	1,630
75 to 79 years	265	130	135	2,190	935	1,260
80 to 84 years	165	70	90	1,705	690	1,020
85 years and over	205	70	130	1,975	600	1,370
85 to 89 years	120	45	75	1,175	395	780
90 to 94 years	65	25	40	590	165	425
95 to 99 years	20	0	15	175	45	130
100 years and over	0	0	0	35	0	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	17.6	16.4	14.9	16.0	13.9
15 to 64 years	61.8	61.4	62.0	65.9	66.9	65.1
65 years and over	21.3	21.0	21.6	19.2	17.2	21.0
85 years and over	2.9	2.0	3.6	2.9	1.9	3.9
Average age of the population	43.5	42.9	44.1	42.9	41.5	44.3
Median age of the population	46.5	45.7	47.0	44.1	42.4	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
Single-detached house	2,530	...	...	12,525	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,795	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	205	...	...	15,160	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	1,015	...	...
Row house	50	...	...	1,875	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...	3,175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	75	...	...	8,975	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	125	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	40	...	...	730	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
1 person	665	...	...	10,350	...	...
2 persons	1,120	...	...	10,885	...	...
3 persons	400	...	...	4,610	...	...
4 persons	370	...	...	2,935	...	...
5 or more persons	215	...	...	1,430	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,830	...	...	65,470	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	5,815	2,840	2,975	57,530	26,970	30,560
Married or living common law	3,750	1,875	1,880	29,510	14,770	14,745
Married	3,155	1,575	1,575	23,375	11,695	11,685
Living common law	595	300	300	6,140	3,080	3,065
Not married and not living common law	2,065	965	1,100	28,015	12,205	15,810
Never married	1,100	615	485	17,125	8,740	8,385
Separated	180	80	100	2,290	930	1,355
Divorced	335	165	170	4,350	1,720	2,630
Widowed	445	105	345	4,250	810	3,440
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,085	...	...	18,730	...	...
2 persons	1,155	...	...	10,805	...	...
3 persons	415	...	...	4,235	...	...
4 persons	340	...	...	2,650	...	...
5 or more persons	180	...	...	1,040	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,085	...	...	18,730	...	...
Total couple families	1,845	...	...	14,400	...	...
Married couples	1,555	...	...	11,335	...	...
Common-law couples	295	...	...	3,065	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	235	...	...	4,325	...	...
Female parent	175	...	...	3,585	...	...
Male parent	60	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,845	...	...	14,400	...	...
Couples without children	1,010	...	...	7,990	...	...
Couples with children	840	...	...	6,410	...	...
1 child	340	...	...	3,115	...	...
2 children	325	...	...	2,355	...	...
3 or more children	175	...	...	945	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	235	...	...	4,330	...	...
1 child	150	...	...	2,810	...	...
2 children	75	...	...	1,120	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	915	435	480	14,960	6,815	8,145
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
One-census-family households	2,000	...	...	17,970	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	970	...	...	7,700	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,030	...	...	10,275	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	40	...	...	370	...	...
Non-census-family households	730	...	...	11,860	...	...
One-person households	665	...	...	10,350	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	65	...	...	1,505	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	6,850	3,390	3,460	66,205	31,505	34,700
English only	6,045	3,070	2,980	56,765	27,445	29,325
French only	5	0	0	100	50	55
English and French	775	310	470	8,695	3,675	5,015
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	640	330	310
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	6,850	3,390	3,460	66,205	31,505	34,700
English	6,550	3,250	3,300	62,695	29,830	32,865
French	265	125	140	2,670	1,235	1,430
English and French	10	5	5	215	110	105
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	625	325	300
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	270	130	145	2,775	1,295	1,485
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.9	3.8	4.2	4.2	4.1	4.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	6,845	3,390	3,460	66,205	31,500	34,700
Single responses	6,785	3,355	3,425	65,555	31,200	34,355
Official languages	6,425	3,175	3,250	62,145	29,430	32,715
English	6,145	3,040	3,100	59,260	28,105	31,155
French	285	130	150	2,885	1,320	1,570
Non-official languages	355	180	175	3,410	1,770	1,640
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	355	180	175	3,405	1,770	1,635
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	765	440	325
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	740	430	315
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	5	695	400	295
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	45	25	20
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	40	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	35	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	185	70	110
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	160	65	90
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	25	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-European languages	330	170	165	1,165	615	550
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	15	205	105	100
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	10	205	105	100
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	20	5	10	20	10	10
Russian	5	0	5	130	65	60
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	30	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	290	145	145	120	55	65
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	5	0	5	0	5
Dutch	80	40	40	40	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	205	105	95	70	25	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	35	15
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	410	230	180
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	255	150	100
Bengali	0	0	0	60	35	25
Gujarati	5	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	45	35	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	35	20	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	20	15	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	60	35	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	155	80	80
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	130	70	65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	0	370	185	180
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	45	25	20
Portuguese	5	0	0	60	30	30
Romanian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Spanish	5	5	5	220	105	110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	240	115	120
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	745	380	370
Chinese languages	5	0	0	750	380	365
Cantonese	5	0	0	80	45	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	580	290	290
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	25	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	10	5	5	20	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	65	30	35	650	305	345
English and French	50	25	30	390	185	205
English and non-official language	15	5	10	240	110	135
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	6,850	3,385	3,460	66,205	31,505	34,705
Single responses	6,800	3,365	3,430	65,385	31,110	34,275
Official languages	6,625	3,275	3,345	63,085	29,925	33,160
English	6,530	3,230	3,300	62,045	29,430	32,610
French	90	45	45	1,035	490	550
Non-official languages	175	90	90	2,300	1,185	1,115
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	180	90	85	2,300	1,185	1,115
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	655	355	300
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	640	345	295
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	595	325	270
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	50	25	25
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	35	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	75	35	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	170	85	85	590	300	290
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	5	0	115	60	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	115	60	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	5	0	5
Russian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	160	80	80	15	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	15	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	135	65	70	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	260	140	120
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	140	75	70
Bengali	0	0	0	35	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hindi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	10	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	40	25	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	120	60	55
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	100	55	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	165	80	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Spanish	0	0	5	105	55	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	205	110	95
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	590	300	285
Chinese languages	0	0	5	585	305	285
Cantonese	5	5	5	50	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	475	240	240
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	25	825	395	425
English and French	20	10	15	265	130	140
English and non-official language	30	10	15	530	255	275
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	6,850	3,390	3,460	66,205	31,500	34,700
None	6,430	3,205	3,230	62,525	29,780	32,745
English	165	85	80	1,360	655	700
French	160	65	100	1,445	615	830
Non-official language	90	45	45	790	415	375
Aboriginal	5	5	5	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	85	40	45	785	415	375
English and French	0	0	0	30	15	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,640	2,770	2,865	55,455	26,070	29,385
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,450	2,680	2,775	52,655	24,595	28,060
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,451	39,386	26,395	30,088	35,981	26,366
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,455	2,680	2,770	52,665	24,600	28,070
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,723	35,703	24,848	27,572	31,816	24,536
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,965	2,495	2,470	45,455	21,845	23,615
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	35,904	22,771	28,892	35,003	24,444
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,075	1,875	2,195	38,980	16,415	22,560
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,235	7,584	7,059	7,168	7,150	7,171
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,035	2,070	1,965	37,170	18,395	18,780
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,840	33,894	23,248	30,049	35,276	26,358
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	5,635	2,765	2,865	55,460	26,080	29,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,420	2,665	2,755	52,735	24,575	28,160
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,688	46,298	35,259	37,721	43,822	32,398
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,420	2,665	2,755	52,750	24,585	28,170
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,714	39,219	30,355	31,970	36,261	28,224
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,935	2,495	2,440	45,330	21,760	23,570
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,655	42,831	32,366	36,662	43,375	30,465
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,055	1,885	2,175	39,245	16,510	22,735
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,567	8,819	8,348	8,343	8,065	8,545
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,035	2,020	2,010	37,175	18,335	18,835
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,027	40,955	31,073	37,336	42,912	31,909
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	5,640	2,770	2,870	55,455	26,080	29,380
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,905	1,115	795	18,915	9,640	9,270
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,065	51,356	38,535	43,711	49,008	39,538
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,966	54,489	50,834	51,900	58,549	44,987
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.2	86.9	80.5	83.9	88.0	79.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.4	67.6	62.6	69.9	73.4	65.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.8	13.1	19.3	16.1	12.0	21.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	5,640	2,765	2,870	55,455	26,070	29,385
Without total income	185	85	95	2,805	1,475	1,330
With total income	5,455	2,685	2,775	52,655	24,600	28,055
Percentage with total income	96.7	97.1	96.7	95.0	94.4	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	730	285	445	7,590	3,425	4,165
$10,000 to $19,999	995	380	615	9,380	3,405	5,975
$20,000 to $29,999	820	350	475	9,280	3,560	5,720
$30,000 to $39,999	700	340	365	7,250	3,280	3,970
$40,000 to $49,999	600	330	270	5,960	2,765	3,200
$50,000 to $59,999	455	260	195	3,795	2,095	1,700
$60,000 to $69,999	350	220	130	2,695	1,680	1,015
$70,000 to $79,999	250	165	85	2,010	1,130	880
$80,000 to $89,999	195	120	70	1,430	830	605
$90,000 to $99,999	130	75	60	970	640	330
$100,000 and over	225	155	65	2,290	1,790	500
$100,000 to $149,999	175	125	55	1,770	1,390	375
$150,000 and over	50	30	10	515	395	120
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,635	2,765	2,870	55,455	26,070	29,385
Without after-tax income	180	90	95	2,790	1,470	1,315
With after-tax income	5,455	2,680	2,770	52,665	24,600	28,065
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	96.9	96.5	95.0	94.4	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	765	295	465	7,840	3,465	4,370
$10,000 to $19,999	1,045	400	650	10,040	3,695	6,345
$20,000 to $29,999	940	405	540	10,775	4,340	6,435
$30,000 to $39,999	820	435	385	8,835	4,045	4,795
$40,000 to $49,999	685	390	300	5,880	3,075	2,800
$50,000 to $59,999	445	265	180	3,585	2,145	1,435
$60,000 to $69,999	305	210	100	2,370	1,365	1,005
$70,000 to $79,999	205	125	80	1,380	950	435
$80,000 and over	245	170	75	1,965	1,515	450
$80,000 to $89,999	115	75	35	755	590	165
$90,000 to $99,999	50	35	20	450	345	105
$100,000 and over	75	55	20	755	575	180
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	5,635	2,770	2,870	55,460	26,070	29,385
Without employment income	1,600	695	900	18,280	7,675	10,605
With employment income	4,035	2,070	1,965	37,170	18,395	18,780
Percentage with employment income	71.6	74.7	68.5	67.0	70.6	63.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	695	340	350	4,675	2,200	2,475
$5,000 to $9,999	365	160	200	2,875	1,245	1,630
$10,000 to $19,999	595	245	350	5,320	2,210	3,110
$20,000 to $29,999	475	200	270	5,690	2,400	3,290
$30,000 to $39,999	420	205	215	4,850	2,245	2,605
$40,000 to $49,999	405	215	190	3,910	1,850	2,065
$50,000 to $59,999	285	165	115	2,535	1,460	1,075
$60,000 to $69,999	235	155	75	1,955	1,215	740
$70,000 to $79,999	155	115	40	1,600	840	755
$80,000 and over	410	265	145	3,765	2,720	1,040
$80,000 to $89,999	155	100	60	1,175	690	485
$90,000 to $99,999	100	55	45	765	535	230
$100,000 and over	160	110	45	1,825	1,500	330
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,775	...	...	30,205	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,157	...	...	52,132	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,861	...	...	46,795	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	665	...	...	10,350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,963	...	...	28,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,848	...	...	26,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,110	...	...	19,860	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,912	...	...	69,624	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,126	...	...	61,639	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,775	...	...	30,205	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,484	...	...	65,851	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,814	...	...	55,826	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	660	...	...	10,350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,816	...	...	36,229	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,213	...	...	30,853	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,115	...	...	19,855	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,439	...	...	81,299	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,124	...	...	68,849	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	615	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	1,145	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	820	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	1,880	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	1,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	110	...	...	1,690	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	135	...	...	1,690	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...	1,685	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	1,575	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	145	...	...	1,530	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	255	...	...	2,515	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	235	...	...	2,215	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	225	...	...	1,890	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	195	...	...	1,590	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	1,395	...	...
$100,000 and over	720	...	...	6,065	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	295	...	...	2,460	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	165	...	...	1,520	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	180	...	...	1,360	...	...
$200,000 and over	80	...	...	725	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,775	...	...	30,205	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	625	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	1,155	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	55	...	...	835	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	90	...	...	2,005	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	130	...	...	2,175	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	130	...	...	1,900	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	160	...	...	1,995	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	140	...	...	2,015	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	165	...	...	1,815	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	170	...	...	1,655	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	290	...	...	2,870	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	285	...	...	2,510	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	255	...	...	1,995	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	195	...	...	1,590	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	170	...	...	1,290	...	...
$100,000 and over	485	...	...	3,780	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	235	...	...	1,990	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	125	...	...	930	...	...
$150,000 and over	125	...	...	865	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,055	...	...	18,730	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,955	...	...	69,804	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,059	...	...	61,723	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	960	...	...	7,490	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,504	...	...	69,895	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,003	...	...	61,274	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	850	...	...	6,510	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,704	...	...	95,815	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,992	...	...	82,052	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	4,090	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,192	...	...	39,965	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,608	...	...	37,898	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,070	...	...	18,750	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,642	...	...	81,672	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,401	...	...	69,045	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	995	...	...	7,550	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,169	...	...	80,726	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,546	...	...	67,641	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	855	...	...	6,540	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,404	...	...	104,188	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,689	...	...	87,032	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	4,055	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,231	...	...	48,133	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,698	...	...	43,209	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	825	395	435	13,445	6,150	7,295
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,552	34,528	29,248	27,192	28,116	26,350
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,768	31,424	26,720	25,049	25,573	24,735
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	840	420	420	13,395	5,985	7,410
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,510	41,455	51,532	34,155	36,489	32,270
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,131	35,558	40,687	29,225	30,466	28,224
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	6,830	3,375	3,450	65,470	31,170	34,300
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,800	1,870	1,930	41,075	18,900	22,170
In the bottom decile	555	270	285	10,525	4,930	5,600
In the second decile	670	300	365	8,935	3,870	5,065
In the third decile	810	395	415	7,920	3,605	4,310
In the fourth decile	915	470	440	7,170	3,375	3,795
In the fifth decile	855	425	425	6,530	3,120	3,405
In the top half of the distribution	3,030	1,505	1,520	24,395	12,270	12,130
In the sixth decile	770	380	390	6,245	3,095	3,155
In the seventh decile	740	365	375	5,620	2,810	2,810
In the eighth decile	625	300	320	5,210	2,585	2,620
In the ninth decile	565	295	270	4,600	2,320	2,280
In the top decile	335	165	165	2,720	1,455	1,265
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	6,825	3,375	3,455	65,470	31,170	34,300
0 to 17 years	1,430	735	695	12,040	6,135	5,900
0 to 5 years	505	240	270	3,955	2,030	1,925
18 to 64 years	4,070	1,980	2,090	41,920	20,005	21,910
65 years and over	1,330	660	665	11,515	5,025	6,490
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	915	430	485	14,755	6,640	8,110
0 to 17 years	255	135	115	4,050	2,095	1,960
0 to 5 years	95	55	45	1,515	795	720
18 to 64 years	475	220	255	8,575	3,785	4,785
65 years and over	185	75	110	2,125	760	1,360
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.4	12.7	14.0	22.5	21.3	23.6
0 to 17 years (%)	17.8	18.4	16.5	33.6	34.1	33.2
0 to 5 years (%)	18.8	22.9	16.7	38.3	39.2	37.4
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	11.1	12.2	20.5	18.9	21.8
65 years and over (%)	13.9	11.4	16.5	18.5	15.1	21.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	275	145	130	8,505	4,070	4,440
0 to 17 years	85	50	35	2,280	1,180	1,100
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	915	470	445
18 to 64 years	165	85	75	5,795	2,735	3,065
65 years and over	25	10	15	430	155	270
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.0	4.3	3.8	13.0	13.1	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	5.9	6.8	5.0	18.9	19.2	18.6
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	6.3	5.6	23.1	23.2	23.1
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	4.3	3.6	13.8	13.7	14.0
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.5	2.3	3.7	3.1	4.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	6,830	3,375	3,455	65,465	31,170	34,300
Official languages	6,805	3,365	3,445	64,835	30,830	34,005
English	6,790	3,350	3,440	64,710	30,790	33,925
French	785	320	470	8,780	3,710	5,065
Non-official languages	440	225	215	4,490	2,295	2,200
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	0	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	440	225	215	4,465	2,290	2,180
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	805	440	360
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	795	430	360
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	690	395	295
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	105	40	60
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	130	50	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	50	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	160	45	120
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	0	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	130	35	95
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	65	40	25
Kannada	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Indo-European languages	415	205	210	1,815	950	860
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	285	160	125
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	275	155	125
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Polish	15	0	10	35	25	15
Russian	0	0	0	195	100	95
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	10	0	85	45	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	360	175	180	270	115	155
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	145	75	70	25	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	210	105	105	235	110	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	75	55	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	550	335	215
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	335	210	120
Bengali	0	0	0	35	25	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	15
Hindi	0	0	0	245	145	105
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	35	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	85	65	25
Iranian languages	10	0	0	235	130	105
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Pashto	0	0	0	20	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	185	105	80
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	15	680	315	365
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Portuguese	10	0	10	55	35	20
Romanian	0	0	0	55	25	35
Spanish	30	15	10	535	240	290
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Japanese	10	0	0	45	15	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	220	125	95
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	220	110	110
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	35	30	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	65	25	40
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	15	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	245	85	160
American Sign Language	0	0	0	115	45	70
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	140	50	90
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	900	480	425
Chinese languages	0	10	0	905	480	420
Cantonese	0	0	0	155	65	90
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	685	365	320
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	60	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	50	45	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	50	40	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	25	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	6,830	3,375	3,450	65,470	31,170	34,300
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	6,760	3,335	3,430	62,800	29,745	33,055
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,420	715	700	11,415	5,855	5,560
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,345	2,615	2,725	51,385	23,895	27,495
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	60	40	25	2,665	1,420	1,245
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	6,830	3,375	3,455	65,470	31,170	34,300
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	6,505	3,200	3,305	60,745	28,740	32,005
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	315	170	150	4,075	2,010	2,065
Before 1981	185	95	90	1,100	465	635
1981 to 1990	75	45	35	265	155	110
1991 to 2000	20	10	10	325	170	150
2001 to 2010	20	15	10	825	435	390
2001 to 2005	20	10	10	290	150	135
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	535	285	255
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	15	0	1,555	785	770
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	650	415	230
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	320	170	145	4,075	2,010	2,065
Under 5 years	75	20	55	530	235	295
5 to 14 years	80	40	35	830	425	410
15 to 24 years	75	50	25	650	360	290
25 to 44 years	90	55	35	1,660	775	885
45 years and over	10	10	0	395	215	180
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	315	170	145	4,075	2,010	2,065
Americas	75	40	40	670	330	340
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	25	15	15
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	30	0	25
Peru	0	0	0	20	15	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	30	25	410	190	220
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	145	80	65
Europe	225	120	105	1,085	500	580
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	15	10	0
Germany	50	25	25	90	30	60
Greece	0	0	0	55	35	15
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italy	10	0	0	15	15	0
Netherlands	85	45	40	25	10	15
Poland	0	0	0	20	10	15
Portugal	0	0	0	40	20	15
Romania	0	0	0	45	15	30
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	20	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	55	35	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	20	25	570	240	330
Other places of birth in Europe	30	25	10	70	40	30
Africa	0	0	0	265	130	135
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	175	80	100
Asia	15	15	10	2,035	1,030	1,005
Afghanistan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	535	280	250
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	180	100	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	135	80	50
Iraq	0	0	0	15	10	15
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	180	95	85
Lebanon	0	0	0	70	35	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	55	40	10
Philippines	0	0	0	135	45	85
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	350	185	165
Taiwan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	100	45	60
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	210	90	120
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	15	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	0	1,550	785	770
Americas	0	10	0	85	40	40
Brazil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	60	35	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	10	0	0
Europe	10	10	0	65	25	40
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	15	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	145	75	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	15	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	50	25	25
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	50	15	30
Asia	0	0	0	1,250	630	615
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	380	210	170
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	75	50	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	75	40	40
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	85	40	45
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	80	35	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	65	35	30
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	30	10	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	10	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	325	170	155
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	25	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	35	10	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	6,825	3,375	3,450	65,470	31,170	34,300
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	360	195	165	4,915	2,520	2,390
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	595	260	340	4,375	1,970	2,405
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,865	2,920	2,945	56,180	26,675	29,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	140	85	55	3,020	1,560	1,455
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	70	35	30	1,660	850	805
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	10	10	0	645	380	265
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	60	30	30	1,015	470	545
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	60	40	25	610	300	310
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	740	405	330
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	6,825	3,375	3,450	65,470	31,170	34,300
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	515	230	290	1,430	670	765
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	505	225	280	1,350	610	740
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	355	190	165	825	375	450
Métis	145	35	115	495	230	270
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	30	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	45	40	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	6,310	3,145	3,165	64,040	30,500	33,535
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	6,825	3,375	3,455	65,470	31,170	34,300
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	140	100	40	315	135	175
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,685	3,275	3,410	65,155	31,030	34,125
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	6,825	3,375	3,455	65,470	31,170	34,300
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	10	10	320	130	185
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	10	10	310	130	185
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	0	10	260	115	150
Métis single ancestry	0	0	10	35	10	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	595	285	310	3,180	1,485	1,695
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	590	285	310	3,050	1,430	1,620
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	405	220	185	2,585	1,210	1,375
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	65	115	405	205	200
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	55	15	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	130	55	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	120	50	70
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	6,215	3,080	3,135	61,970	29,560	32,415
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	6,825	3,375	3,450	65,470	31,170	34,300
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	45	30	15	4,560	2,315	2,245
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	10	0	455	260	195
Chinese	10	0	0	940	505	435
Black	15	0	10	1,400	665	735
Filipino	0	0	0	215	80	135
Latin American	10	0	0	185	90	100
Arab	0	0	0	590	335	255
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	145	55	95
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	255	150	105
Korean	10	0	0	205	115	90
Japanese	0	0	0	25	0	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	115	40	70
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	6,785	3,350	3,435	60,910	28,855	32,055
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	6,830	3,375	3,455	65,470	31,170	34,300
North American Aboriginal origins	610	290	315	3,495	1,610	1,885
First Nations (North American Indian)	415	225	190	2,990	1,380	1,610
Inuit	10	10	0	75	15	55
Métis	185	65	120	585	275	310
Other North American origins	2,385	1,170	1,215	31,010	14,705	16,305
Acadian	25	15	15	1,005	525	480
American	30	15	20	680	300	380
Canadian	2,335	1,145	1,190	29,880	14,155	15,720
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	25	15	15
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	90	30	65
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	5,835	2,855	2,975	44,830	21,065	23,760
British Isles origins	4,215	2,035	2,180	37,920	17,640	20,285
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	15	10	10
English	1,740	795	945	19,965	9,370	10,595
Irish	2,400	1,140	1,260	19,940	9,025	10,915
Manx	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish	1,965	970	1,000	15,275	7,075	8,195
Welsh	80	40	40	1,220	515	700
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	175	110	60	1,200	485	715
French origins	1,610	810	805	13,910	6,350	7,560
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,610	810	800	13,910	6,345	7,565
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,150	985	1,165	4,695	2,205	2,485
Austrian	10	0	10	105	50	55
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	10	15	85	35	55
Dutch	700	355	345	1,620	750	880
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,520	690	830	3,105	1,475	1,630
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	225	95	125	70	35	35
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	145	95	50	1,195	645	550
Danish	30	15	15	370	205	160
Finnish	20	20	0	40	15	20
Icelandic	30	20	10	35	20	10
Norwegian	10	10	0	500	280	220
Swedish	50	30	20	240	135	105
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	10	0	95	45	50
Eastern European origins	655	345	310	1,405	685	730
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Czech	0	0	0	60	50	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	45	35	20
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hungarian	10	10	10	190	110	75
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	0	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	510	280	235	415	190	225
Romanian	10	10	0	115	40	80
Russian	40	20	20	270	115	150
Slovak	0	10	0	30	25	10
Ukrainian	105	55	45	420	200	225
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Southern European origins	210	110	100	1,535	730	805
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	35	10	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	210	125	85
Italian	115	50	60	700	325	380
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	0	15	190	95	95
Serbian	10	10	10	10	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	55	40	15	380	165	220
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins	65	40	20	155	85	75
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0	95	45	50
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	30	15	10	50	25	20
Caribbean origins	20	0	15	290	125	165
Antiguan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	35	20	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	55	25	30
Dominican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	10	0	10	125	55	80
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	10	20	0	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	20	15	0	250	120	130
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	50	15	30
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mexican	0	0	0	85	30	55
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salvadorean	20	10	10	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	10	10	0	1,010	515	495
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	255	145	110
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	70	35	35
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	35	25	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	70	45	25
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	30	15	15
North African origins	0	0	0	100	75	25
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	15	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	55	40	20
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	80	45	30
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	10	0	630	290	340
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	0	545	260	285
Asian origins	60	25	35	3,675	1,895	1,780
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	0	15	1,515	800	715
Afghan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	185	90	95
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	150	85	65
Iraqi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Israeli	0	0	0	35	15	25
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	15	525	250	285
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	15	10	10
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	50	35	10
Syrian	0	0	0	460	250	210
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	10	15	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	25	20	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	10	10	0	515	275	235
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	10	0	380	180	200
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	55	35	25
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	20	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	20	15	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	15	20	1,640	815	830
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese	15	0	10	1,050	555	495
Filipino	0	0	0	210	70	140
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	205	115	90
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwanese	10	0	0	30	20	10
Thai	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	100	40	60
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	60	40	20
Australian	0	0	0	40	25	15
New Zealander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,775	...	...	30,205	...	...
Owner	2,365	...	...	16,775	...	...
Renter	405	...	...	13,435	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,775	...	...	30,205	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	1,425	...	...
Not condominium	2,765	...	...	28,785	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	155	...	...
1 bedroom	125	...	...	4,310	...	...
2 bedrooms	640	...	...	9,305	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,205	...	...	10,980	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	810	...	...	5,460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	355	...	...	8,535	...	...
5 rooms	395	...	...	5,455	...	...
6 rooms	505	...	...	5,165	...	...
7 rooms	550	...	...	3,760	...	...
8 or more rooms	970	...	...	7,295	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,770	...	...	30,015	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
Suitable	2,700	...	...	29,440	...	...
Not suitable	75	...	...	765	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
1960 or before	985	...	...	11,600	...	...
1961 to 1980	690	...	...	10,340	...	...
1981 to 1990	320	...	...	2,500	...	...
1991 to 2000	350	...	...	2,350	...	...
2001 to 2005	130	...	...	910	...	...
2006 to 2010	160	...	...	1,520	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	140	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,460	...	...	27,470	...	...
Major repairs needed	315	...	...	2,735	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,775	...	...	30,205	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,605	...	...	19,740	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,145	...	...	10,055	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,775	...	...	30,210	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	1,400	...	...
25 to 34 years	295	...	...	4,405	...	...
35 to 44 years	375	...	...	4,720	...	...
45 to 54 years	515	...	...	5,675	...	...
55 to 64 years	645	...	...	6,175	...	...
65 to 74 years	530	...	...	4,400	...	...
75 to 84 years	255	...	...	2,475	...	...
85 years and over	130	...	...	950	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,605	...	...	30,015	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,185	...	...	22,770	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	420	...	...	7,245	...	...
30% to less than 100%	395	...	...	6,440	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,205	...	...	16,780	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.7	...	...	61.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.0	...	...	14.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	903	...	...	965	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,038	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,645	...	...	155,191	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	268,303	...	...	175,139	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	405	...	...	13,430	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.1	...	...	15.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.6	...	...	36.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	837	...	...	702	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	884	...	...	727	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,635	2,770	2,870	55,455	26,075	29,380
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,040	570	470	10,775	5,275	5,500
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,865	900	965	18,225	8,530	9,700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,730	1,295	1,435	26,460	12,270	14,180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	580	430	150	4,175	3,100	1,075
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	250	160	90	2,105	1,275	830
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	325	270	60	2,070	1,825	250
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,430	595	835	12,340	4,860	7,475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	90	40	50	935	350	585
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	630	235	400	9,005	3,960	5,045
Bachelor's degree	495	160	335	6,360	2,650	3,710
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	15	35	605	275	330
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	10	10	195	115	80
Master's degree	65	45	25	1,655	805	850
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	190	120	75
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,570	1,705	1,870	36,165	17,115	19,045
No certificate, diploma or degree	360	215	145	4,245	2,245	2,005
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,170	550	620	11,710	5,690	6,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,035	930	1,110	20,205	9,180	11,025
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	395	305	85	2,850	2,105	740
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	160	105	55	1,420	840	585
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	235	195	35	1,425	1,265	160
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,150	470	685	9,535	3,810	5,725
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	50	25	30	645	250	395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	435	130	305	7,185	3,015	4,170
Bachelor's degree	350	95	255	5,060	2,060	2,995
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	10	25	455	180	270
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	10	175	95	75
Master's degree	40	25	20	1,370	610	755
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	140	70	65
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,640	2,770	2,870	55,455	26,075	29,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,905	1,470	1,435	29,000	13,805	15,195
Education	245	50	190	1,830	555	1,275
13. Education	245	50	190	1,835	555	1,280
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	15	30	685	380	300
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	15	170	145	25
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	15	510	240	275
Humanities	90	40	50	1,235	455	780
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	75	30	50
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	285	90	200
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	20	275	85	185
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	65	40	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	190	115	80
54. History	25	15	0	275	95	175
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	10	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	165	45	120	2,070	675	1,395
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	175	85	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	35	365	45	320
22. Legal professions and studies	55	20	35	335	115	215
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	90	30	60
42. Psychology	20	10	15	540	150	390
45. Social sciences	35	15	20	545	250	295
Business, management and public administration	425	130	290	6,300	1,875	4,425
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	15	40	545	135	420
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	375	120	255	5,725	1,740	3,990
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	25	25	710	320	385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	265	100	165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	210	90	125
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	10	0
40. Physical sciences	20	10	0	145	105	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	25	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	20	25	1,250	800	450
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	20	25	1,115	725	390
25. Library science	0	0	0	50	15	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	10	75	40	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	700	660	35	5,860	5,415	450
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	55	35	30
14. Engineering	40	30	10	710	585	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	125	115	15	1,200	1,055	140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	245	245	0	1,675	1,620	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	210	200	10	1,445	1,370	80
48. Precision production	80	70	10	775	745	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	165	130	35	215	125	95
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	105	75	30	145	75	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	50	0	70	50	25
Health and related fields	515	45	475	4,390	615	3,765
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	0	25	115	60	55
51. Health professions and related programs	480	25	450	4,200	515	3,675
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	80	45	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	275	125	155	1,900	1,050	855
12. Personal and culinary services	145	10	130	1,050	250	795
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	70	45	20	395	355	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	65	0	440	415	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,570	1,700	1,870	36,160	17,115	19,045
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,535	775	765	15,955	7,935	8,020
Education	150	35	120	1,140	285	850
13. Education	150	35	115	1,140	290	850
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	10	35	505	285	225
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	0	15	105	85	20
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	15	400	195	200
Humanities	50	20	25	915	295	625
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	65	25	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	220	60	160
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	20	210	60	150
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	25	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	120	60	60
54. History	20	15	0	205	60	145
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	55	10	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	130	25	100	1,685	555	1,130
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	15	160	75	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	30	0	35	295	45	250
22. Legal professions and studies	50	15	35	285	95	195
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	70	20	50
42. Psychology	15	0	15	415	110	300
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	445	210	240
Business, management and public administration	325	100	230	5,020	1,485	3,535
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	10	20	425	100	320
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	290	90	205	4,575	1,385	3,195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	15	15	515	225	285
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	210	65	145
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	145	65	85
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	110	80	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	10	0	35	15	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	15	20	1,020	660	360
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	10	20	925	620	305
25. Library science	0	0	0	40	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	50	20	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	515	490	25	4,330	3,960	365
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	45	15	30
14. Engineering	20	15	10	570	460	110
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	85	75	10	975	860	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	200	195	0	1,220	1,165	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	150	150	0	1,010	960	50
48. Precision production	60	55	10	510	500	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	110	15	190	105	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	80	70	10	125	65	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	40	10	65	45	25
Health and related fields	450	30	415	3,390	485	2,910
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	0	20	105	50	55
51. Health professions and related programs	420	25	395	3,210	385	2,820
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	75	45	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	190	90	110	1,495	840	660
12. Personal and culinary services	100	10	90	820	210	605
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	50	35	20	280	255	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	40	0	380	355	20
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,635	2,765	2,870	55,455	26,075	29,380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,905	1,470	1,435	29,000	13,805	15,195
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,730	1,300	1,435	26,460	12,275	14,185
Location of study inside Canada	2,615	1,225	1,390	24,630	11,310	13,320
Same as province or territory of residence	2,470	1,160	1,310	20,195	9,010	11,180
Different than province or territory of residence	145	65	80	4,435	2,300	2,135
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	115	75	45	1,830	960	865
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	50	20	440	260	185
Philippines	0	0	0	100	35	65
India	0	0	0	75	30	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	205	135	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	250	110	145
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	40	15	20	740	385	360
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,570	1,700	1,865	36,160	17,115	19,045
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,535	770	760	15,955	7,935	8,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,035	930	1,105	20,205	9,185	11,025
Location of study inside Canada	1,960	885	1,075	18,705	8,425	10,280
Same as province or territory of residence	1,860	840	1,015	15,310	6,730	8,580
Different than province or territory of residence	100	40	60	3,395	1,695	1,700
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	75	45	30	1,495	755	740
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	20	10	285	155	135
Philippines	0	0	0	90	30	65
India	0	0	0	70	25	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	125	80	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	250	110	140
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	25	10	10	665	345	315
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	5,635	2,770	2,870	55,460	26,075	29,380
In the labour force	3,630	1,860	1,765	34,150	16,950	17,200
Employed	3,335	1,690	1,645	30,860	14,940	15,925
Unemployed	290	175	120	3,285	2,005	1,275
Not in the labour force	2,005	905	1,105	21,310	9,130	12,180
Participation rate	64.4	67.1	61.5	61.6	65.0	58.5
Employment rate	59.2	61.0	57.3	55.6	57.3	54.2
Unemployment rate	8.0	9.4	6.8	9.6	11.8	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	5,635	2,770	2,870	55,455	26,075	29,380
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,865	845	1,020	20,230	8,750	11,480
Worked	3,775	1,925	1,850	35,225	17,330	17,895
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,960	1,145	815	19,255	9,875	9,380
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,815	780	1,035	15,970	7,450	8,515
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	43.5	42.7	43.1	42.8	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,630	1,865	1,770	34,150	16,950	17,200
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	30	25	940	520	420
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,580	1,835	1,740	33,205	16,430	16,785
Employee	2,925	1,460	1,460	31,200	15,245	15,955
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	660	380	275	2,010	1,180	830
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,630	1,865	1,765	34,150	16,950	17,200
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	25	25	940	520	420
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,580	1,835	1,745	33,210	16,425	16,785
0 Management occupations	525	355	170	2,610	1,465	1,140
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	370	100	265	5,235	1,510	3,725
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	160	115	45	2,100	1,620	480
3 Health occupations	275	35	245	2,890	425	2,470
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	460	170	285	3,620	1,115	2,505
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	65	30	40	610	325	280
6 Sales and service occupations	795	235	565	10,335	4,470	5,865
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	645	615	35	4,505	4,340	165
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	115	80	30	395	350	45
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	170	110	65	915	800	110
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,630	1,865	1,770	34,150	16,945	17,200
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	25	25	940	520	415
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,580	1,840	1,740	33,205	16,430	16,785
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	290	215	80	155	105	55
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	20	0	290	200	85
22 Utilities	65	60	0	480	375	105
23 Construction	370	340	30	2,270	2,045	230
31-33 Manufacturing	290	210	85	1,765	1,410	355
41 Wholesale trade	100	65	35	1,345	820	520
44-45 Retail trade	370	165	210	4,465	1,965	2,500
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	105	95	15	1,385	1,095	285
51 Information and cultural industries	30	10	25	735	380	350
52 Finance and insurance	85	20	75	1,290	470	820
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	25	35	435	240	190
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	150	60	90	2,115	1,155	965
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	40	10	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	160	60	95	3,040	1,630	1,405
61 Educational services	280	90	195	1,820	635	1,190
62 Health care and social assistance	475	75	400	5,145	890	4,255
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	60	25	25	510	275	235
72 Accommodation and food services	230	70	165	2,675	1,015	1,660
81 Other services (except public administration)	160	70	85	1,480	680	805
91 Public administration	270	175	90	1,770	1,025	750
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,340	1,690	1,650	30,860	14,940	15,920
Worked at home	490	250	240	1,215	525	690
Worked outside Canada	0	10	0	105	50	50
No fixed workplace address	425	305	120	3,010	2,230	780
Worked at usual place	2,420	1,130	1,290	26,535	12,130	14,405
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,420	1,135	1,290	26,535	12,130	14,400
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	620	305	310	24,430	10,890	13,540
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,630	715	915	395	340	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	145	85	60	1,425	690	735
Commute to a different province or territory	25	20	10	285	210	80
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,845	1,440	1,410	29,540	14,355	15,185
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,530	1,320	1,205	21,500	10,865	10,640
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	185	75	105	3,310	1,290	2,015
Public transit	10	0	0	1,960	770	1,190
Walked	115	35	85	2,330	1,155	1,175
Bicycle	10	0	0	100	85	20
Other method	10	0	10	340	200	145
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,840	1,435	1,405	29,540	14,355	15,180
Less than 15 minutes	525	250	280	14,180	6,615	7,560
15 to 29 minutes	1,020	490	530	11,820	5,675	6,145
30 to 44 minutes	810	370	435	2,045	1,170	880
45 to 59 minutes	240	150	90	770	475	290
60 minutes and over	245	175	70	725	425	295
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,845	1,440	1,405	29,540	14,355	15,180
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230	140	85	1,370	880	490
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	755	485	260	4,480	2,530	1,950
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	835	440	395	8,535	4,280	4,255
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	420	150	275	7,045	2,810	4,235
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	245	65	180	3,180	1,335	1,850
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	360	155	200	4,935	2,530	2,405
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,880	1,980	1,900	36,275	17,820	18,455
Single responses	3,880	1,980	1,905	35,900	17,670	18,230
Official languages	3,860	1,965	1,890	35,640	17,540	18,100
English	3,835	1,960	1,875	35,250	17,400	17,855
French	25	0	20	390	140	250
Non-official languages	25	15	10	255	135	125
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	0	260	130	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	50	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	75	45	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	65	50	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	10	45	20	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	35	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	375	145	225
English and French	0	0	0	315	115	195
English and non-official language	0	0	0	60	30	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,880	1,980	1,900	36,275	17,820	18,455
None	3,670	1,890	1,775	34,195	17,075	17,120
English	40	15	20	350	120	225
French	140	45	90	1,525	510	1,015
Non-official language	40	25	10	170	90	75
Aboriginal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	25	0	170	95	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	6,725	3,320	3,400	64,790	30,865	33,920
Non-movers	6,275	3,105	3,165	54,735	25,990	28,745
Movers	450	210	240	10,055	4,875	5,180
Non-migrants	155	60	95	7,235	3,425	3,815
Migrants	290	150	145	2,820	1,455	1,370
Internal migrants	285	145	140	2,045	1,015	1,030
Intraprovincial migrants	280	145	135	1,205	575	625
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	840	435	405
External migrants	10	10	0	775	440	340
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	6,435	3,200	3,230	62,185	29,585	32,605
Non-movers	4,830	2,450	2,380	37,825	17,935	19,890
Movers	1,605	750	850	24,355	11,645	12,715
Non-migrants	590	290	305	17,075	7,965	9,110
Migrants	1,010	465	550	7,285	3,680	3,605
Internal migrants	1,000	450	550	5,415	2,635	2,780
Intraprovincial migrants	880	380	495	3,455	1,650	1,805
Interprovincial migrants	120	65	60	1,955	980	970
External migrants	15	10	0	1,875	1,050	825

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Whitewater Region, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John, C [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitewater Region, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Whitewater Region, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Whitewater Region, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John, City [Census subdivision], New Brunswick