Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nipissing, District [Census division], Ontario and Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Nipissing, DIS Ontario [Census division]			Picture Butte, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Nipissing, District [Census division], Ontario Map : Nipissing, District [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	83,150	...	...	1,810	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	84,736	...	...	1,650	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.9	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	41,200	...	...	706	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	36,050	...	...	672	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.9	...	...	635.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	17,103.78	...	...	2.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	83,150	40,505	42,640	1,810	915	895
0 to 14 years	12,330	6,230	6,100	415	210	205
0 to 4 years	3,865	1,975	1,890	155	90	70
5 to 9 years	4,260	2,125	2,135	160	80	80
10 to 14 years	4,205	2,135	2,070	100	45	55
15 to 64 years	53,785	26,570	27,210	1,075	565	515
15 to 19 years	4,665	2,375	2,295	130	80	50
20 to 24 years	4,900	2,455	2,450	140	75	65
25 to 29 years	4,815	2,450	2,360	120	60	60
30 to 34 years	4,690	2,260	2,430	130	65	65
35 to 39 years	4,430	2,200	2,230	95	45	50
40 to 44 years	4,760	2,325	2,435	95	60	40
45 to 49 years	5,220	2,575	2,650	90	45	45
50 to 54 years	7,025	3,385	3,645	90	50	40
55 to 59 years	7,070	3,550	3,525	100	45	50
60 to 64 years	6,205	3,005	3,195	95	40	45
65 years and over	17,040	7,705	9,330	315	145	170
65 to 69 years	5,425	2,630	2,795	90	40	45
70 to 74 years	4,105	1,945	2,165	65	35	25
75 to 79 years	3,200	1,455	1,745	50	20	30
80 to 84 years	2,225	980	1,250	55	25	30
85 years and over	2,075	700	1,380	60	20	40
85 to 89 years	1,350	505	850	35	15	25
90 to 94 years	565	165	400	15	5	15
95 to 99 years	145	30	110	5	0	5
100 years and over	15	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.8	15.4	14.3	22.9	23.0	22.9
15 to 64 years	64.7	65.6	63.8	59.4	61.7	57.5
65 years and over	20.5	19.0	21.9	17.4	15.8	19.0
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.2	3.3	2.2	4.5
Average age of the population	43.7	42.7	44.5	37.5	36.2	38.9
Median age of the population	45.9	44.9	46.8	33.9	32.4	35.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
Single-detached house	22,390	...	...	530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,890	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	11,505	...	...	75	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,360	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	2,000	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,900	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,135	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	270	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
1 person	10,740	...	...	185	...	...
2 persons	14,200	...	...	235	...	...
3 persons	5,115	...	...	95	...	...
4 persons	4,040	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	1,960	...	...	95	...	...
Number of persons in private households	81,285	...	...	1,745	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	70,820	34,275	36,545	1,395	705	685
Married or living common law	40,985	20,495	20,490	865	435	435
Married	32,305	16,170	16,130	770	385	385
Living common law	8,685	4,325	4,355	95	45	45
Not married and not living common law	29,835	13,780	16,055	525	275	255
Never married	17,525	9,515	8,010	315	200	115
Separated	2,695	1,195	1,510	30	15	20
Divorced	4,455	1,955	2,500	75	40	40
Widowed	5,155	1,115	4,040	105	20	85
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	24,350	...	...	480	...	...
2 persons	14,450	...	...	240	...	...
3 persons	4,825	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	3,675	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	1,405	...	...	90	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	24,350	...	...	480	...	...
Total couple families	20,140	...	...	420	...	...
Married couples	15,805	...	...	380	...	...
Common-law couples	4,335	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,210	...	...	55	...	...
Female parent	3,285	...	...	45	...	...
Male parent	925	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,145	...	...	425	...	...
Couples without children	11,770	...	...	205	...	...
Couples with children	8,375	...	...	215	...	...
1 child	3,660	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	3,395	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more children	1,320	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,205	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	2,675	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	1,170	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	360	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,725	7,490	8,235	235	125	110
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
One-census-family households	23,405	...	...	470	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,370	...	...	200	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,030	...	...	270	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	465	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,180	...	...	195	...	...
One-person households	10,740	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,440	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	82,020	40,050	41,970	1,780	905	870
English only	53,220	26,750	26,475	1,725	875	850
French only	890	385	500	0	0	0
English and French	27,790	12,855	14,930	20	15	10
Neither English nor French	125	55	65	30	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	82,020	40,050	41,970	1,775	905	870
English	63,175	31,170	32,005	1,735	885	855
French	18,425	8,705	9,720	10	10	0
English and French	315	130	190	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	105	45	60	30	15	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	18,585	8,770	9,815	10	10	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	22.7	21.9	23.4	0.6	1.1	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	82,020	40,050	41,970	1,775	905	870
Single responses	80,485	39,345	41,140	1,760	900	860
Official languages	77,525	37,985	39,550	1,260	655	610
English	58,890	29,160	29,735	1,250	650	600
French	18,635	8,825	9,810	15	5	5
Non-official languages	2,955	1,365	1,595	495	240	255
Aboriginal languages	265	115	155	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	265	110	155	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	155	60	95	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	40	20	25	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	95	35	65	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	110	45	60	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	105	45	55	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,690	1,245	1,440	495	240	255
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	30	15	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	15	5	0	0
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	25	15	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	10	60	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	10	50	15	10	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,050	960	1,090	455	225	230
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	385	170	215	10	10	5
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	380	165	210	15	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	5	5	5
Czech	45	20	20	0	0	5
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	150	65	85	0	0	5
Russian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	30	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	705	315	385	395	195	205
Afrikaans	15	5	5	5	5	0
Danish	15	10	5	0	5	0
Dutch	150	60	85	145	70	75
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	510	230	280	245	120	125
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	30	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	105	105	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	175	90	85	5	0	5
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hindi	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	55	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	695	340	355	45	25	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	465	225	240	5	0	5
Portuguese	75	40	40	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	125	60	65	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	95	105	5	0	0
Chinese languages	195	95	100	5	0	5
Cantonese	85	45	40	5	0	5
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	95	40	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	130	55	70	5	0	5
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	70	30	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	25	20	10	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,535	710	830	20	10	10
English and French	1,285	590	695	0	0	0
English and non-official language	210	95	110	20	10	10
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	82,020	40,055	41,970	1,775	905	870
Single responses	80,515	39,400	41,120	1,710	870	845
Official languages	79,550	38,950	40,600	1,485	765	720
English	68,535	33,790	34,745	1,490	765	720
French	11,010	5,160	5,855	0	0	0
Non-official languages	970	450	520	225	105	120
Aboriginal languages	95	40	50	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	10	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	20	30	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	875	410	470	225	105	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	5	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	590	270	315	210	95	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	190	85	105	170	80	90
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	10	15	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	160	70	85	160	75	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	50	55	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	85	45	45	5	5	5
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	5	0	5
Hindi	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	90	115	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	130	50	80	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	40	25	20	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	120	60	60	5	0	0
Chinese languages	120	65	55	5	0	0
Cantonese	50	25	25	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	30	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,505	655	850	65	35	30
English and French	1,075	460	615	0	0	0
English and non-official language	395	185	220	65	35	30
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	82,020	40,050	41,970	1,780	905	870
None	68,405	33,825	34,585	1,535	795	735
English	5,625	2,620	3,005	80	35	45
French	6,795	3,080	3,715	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,115	505	615	160	75	85
Aboriginal	185	75	110	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	930	430	505	160	75	85
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	5	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	68,995	33,480	35,510	1,330	680	645
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,485	32,305	34,180	1,255	650	610
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,747	37,832	26,726	35,328	49,493	24,096
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,505	32,305	34,195	1,255	650	610
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,168	34,181	24,992	32,256	43,328	23,232
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,125	28,225	28,900	1,120	615	510
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,906	36,536	24,281	36,544	48,512	21,152
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,805	23,320	27,490	805	330	475
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,395	8,492	8,233	7,536	5,232	8,168
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,695	23,530	22,165	970	560	410
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,489	35,245	26,708	38,016	49,024	25,024
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	68,995	33,480	35,510	1,360	695	665
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,405	32,240	34,165	1,275	650	625
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,581	48,520	35,034	41,678	49,964	33,026
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,420	32,240	34,185	1,270	650	625
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,328	40,392	30,551	36,505	42,856	29,873
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,070	28,165	28,910	1,180	595	585
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,134	47,811	32,654	38,788	49,006	28,303
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,950	23,450	27,500	790	315	475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,238	9,282	9,201	9,287	10,227	8,661
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,695	23,420	22,280	970	520	455
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,190	46,300	33,767	41,119	50,878	29,983
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	68,990	33,480	35,510	1,355	700	660
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	20,370	10,970	9,400	460	285	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,524	55,888	46,410	51,962	54,959	47,538
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,121	65,365	51,831	56,608	61,588	48,464
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.0	86.1	79.0	86.8	92.2	78.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.1	68.8	62.6	75.4	80.6	66.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.0	13.9	21.0	13.1	8.1	22.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	68,990	33,480	35,510	1,330	680	645
Without total income	2,510	1,175	1,330	70	35	40
With total income	66,485	32,300	34,180	1,260	650	610
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.5	96.3	94.7	95.6	94.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,700	3,660	5,040	145	40	105
$10,000 to $19,999	13,045	5,205	7,840	210	80	135
$20,000 to $29,999	10,025	4,260	5,765	200	75	130
$30,000 to $39,999	7,985	3,830	4,150	135	70	70
$40,000 to $49,999	6,990	3,590	3,400	135	75	65
$50,000 to $59,999	5,305	2,865	2,440	140	95	45
$60,000 to $69,999	3,970	2,345	1,630	90	70	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,745	1,585	1,160	70	60	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,080	1,245	835	45	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,775	935	840	35	25	10
$100,000 and over	3,865	2,790	1,080	55	40	15
$100,000 to $149,999	2,850	1,985	865	45	30	15
$150,000 and over	1,020	800	220	10	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	68,990	33,480	35,515	1,330	685	650
Without after-tax income	2,485	1,175	1,315	75	30	40
With after-tax income	66,500	32,305	34,200	1,260	650	605
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.5	96.3	94.7	94.9	93.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,020	3,710	5,310	145	40	110
$10,000 to $19,999	13,545	5,415	8,125	225	85	140
$20,000 to $29,999	11,550	5,055	6,495	225	90	130
$30,000 to $39,999	9,380	4,650	4,730	175	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	7,770	4,115	3,660	180	110	65
$50,000 to $59,999	5,265	3,045	2,220	130	100	30
$60,000 to $69,999	3,485	2,075	1,410	70	55	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,595	1,470	1,130	55	40	20
$80,000 and over	3,900	2,770	1,130	55	40	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,495	925	570	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	820	590	230	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	1,585	1,250	335	25	20	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	68,995	33,480	35,515	1,330	685	645
Without employment income	23,295	9,950	13,345	360	125	235
With employment income	45,695	23,530	22,165	970	560	410
Percentage with employment income	66.2	70.3	62.4	72.9	81.8	63.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,725	4,085	3,640	115	50	65
$5,000 to $9,999	3,870	1,695	2,175	65	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	5,830	2,535	3,295	130	55	75
$20,000 to $29,999	5,150	2,300	2,855	95	40	50
$30,000 to $39,999	4,740	2,140	2,595	105	55	55
$40,000 to $49,999	4,300	2,190	2,120	110	70	45
$50,000 to $59,999	3,515	1,930	1,585	90	65	30
$60,000 to $69,999	2,555	1,550	1,005	75	65	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,960	1,135	825	60	55	10
$80,000 and over	6,045	3,965	2,075	110	80	30
$80,000 to $89,999	1,615	975	640	45	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,550	795	750	25	20	10
$100,000 and over	2,880	2,190	690	45	35	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,303	...	...	69,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,303	...	...	59,648	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,745	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,873	...	...	32,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,733	...	...	30,272	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	25,310	...	...	490	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,685	...	...	82,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,074	...	...	72,499	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,594	...	...	79,054	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,092	...	...	69,243	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,745	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,305	...	...	41,606	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,100	...	...	36,536	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	25,300	...	...	480	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,860	...	...	93,877	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,683	...	...	82,189	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
Under $5,000	340	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	510	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,470	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,945	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,995	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,695	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,865	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,810	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,705	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,615	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,985	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,600	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,360	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,100	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,860	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,190	...	...	170	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,380	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,220	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,225	...	...	45	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,375	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
Under $5,000	365	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	525	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,465	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,000	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,185	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,930	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,085	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,065	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,025	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,835	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,530	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,930	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,630	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,165	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,745	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,570	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,085	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,690	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,795	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	24,210	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,926	...	...	81,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,149	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,125	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,439	...	...	75,264	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,315	...	...	66,048	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,495	...	...	220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,288	...	...	89,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,487	...	...	79,360	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,955	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,331	...	...	58,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,943	...	...	55,936	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	24,230	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,197	...	...	93,343	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,783	...	...	81,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,145	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,834	...	...	75,717	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,420	...	...	67,641	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,490	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,878	...	...	114,908	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,612	...	...	98,897	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,935	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,299	...	...	57,542	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,052	...	...	53,539	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,160	6,805	7,355	220	110	110
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,100	28,448	24,675	33,024	39,808	27,712
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,508	26,204	23,694	30,464	35,541	26,304
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,170	6,725	7,440	220	105	110
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,508	37,931	33,316	41,173	43,962	38,550
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,893	32,477	29,460	36,083	37,591	34,665
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	81,285	39,695	41,590	1,745	895	855
In the bottom half of the distribution	44,620	21,265	23,360	1,035	505	530
In the bottom decile	9,400	4,520	4,880	100	45	50
In the second decile	9,970	4,390	5,585	225	100	125
In the third decile	8,800	4,210	4,590	265	130	135
In the fourth decile	8,105	3,955	4,150	270	150	125
In the fifth decile	8,350	4,190	4,160	175	85	85
In the top half of the distribution	36,660	18,430	18,235	715	390	325
In the sixth decile	7,895	3,930	3,965	185	95	85
In the seventh decile	8,010	4,005	4,000	155	85	70
In the eighth decile	7,550	3,755	3,795	160	90	70
In the ninth decile	7,560	3,830	3,730	110	60	50
In the top decile	5,650	2,910	2,740	105	55	45
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	79,540	38,810	40,735	1,745	890	855
0 to 17 years	14,700	7,465	7,235	495	260	240
0 to 5 years	4,575	2,315	2,260	195	105	90
18 to 64 years	49,150	24,100	25,050	995	510	480
65 years and over	15,695	7,245	8,450	260	125	135
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,710	6,215	7,500	200	90	110
0 to 17 years	3,105	1,580	1,530	70	30	40
0 to 5 years	1,140	565	575	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	8,150	3,750	4,400	100	50	50
65 years and over	2,450	880	1,565	30	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.2	16.0	18.4	11.5	10.1	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	21.1	21.2	21.1	14.1	11.5	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	24.9	24.4	25.4	12.8	14.3	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	16.6	15.6	17.6	10.1	9.8	10.4
65 years and over (%)	15.6	12.1	18.5	11.5	8.0	18.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,150	3,060	3,085	60	25	30
0 to 17 years	1,185	645	535	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	465	255	205	0	0	5
18 to 64 years	4,720	2,325	2,390	35	20	15
65 years and over	245	85	160	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.7	7.9	7.6	3.4	2.8	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.6	7.4	4.0	3.8	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.2	11.0	9.1	0.0	0.0	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	9.6	9.5	3.5	3.9	3.1
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.2	1.9	0.0	0.0	3.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	81,285	39,690	41,590	1,745	895	855
Official languages	81,105	39,610	41,495	1,740	890	845
English	80,220	39,185	41,035	1,740	890	845
French	28,485	13,165	15,320	15	10	0
Non-official languages	4,235	2,010	2,230	405	205	200
Aboriginal languages	495	205	290	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	465	190	275	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	235	80	150	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	15	10	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	95	30	65	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	120	45	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	235	115	125	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	230	110	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	10	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,750	1,810	1,940	405	205	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	110	70	40	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	70	40	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	100	70	30	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	10	70	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	0	70	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	35	15	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,905	1,445	1,455	365	190	180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	450	215	235	10	0	10
Baltic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	435	205	230	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	30	0	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	180	80	95	10	0	10
Russian	130	65	65	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	860	415	440	330	170	160
Afrikaans	10	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	10	0	10	10	0
Dutch	160	80	80	230	105	120
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	675	330	345	100	60	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	70	45	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	275	130	140	15	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	245	110	135	15	0	10
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	10	20	10	0	10
Hindi	135	60	80	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,295	655	640	30	30	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	700	365	335	0	0	0
Portuguese	130	75	50	0	0	0
Romanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	500	225	270	30	30	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	105	40	65	0	0	0
American Sign Language	35	10	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	115	125	10	0	10
Chinese languages	235	115	125	15	10	10
Cantonese	155	75	75	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	85	40	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	135	55	80	10	0	10
Estonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	95	30	65	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	81,280	39,690	41,595	1,745	895	855
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	80,375	39,290	41,080	1,635	825	810
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,095	7,630	7,465	495	265	225
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	65,275	31,660	33,615	1,145	560	585
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	910	405	510	115	65	45
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	81,285	39,690	41,590	1,750	895	855
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	77,545	37,960	39,590	1,415	725	695
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,650	1,690	1,960	300	155	145
Before 1981	2,035	955	1,080	125	60	65
1981 to 1990	345	170	175	75	35	40
1991 to 2000	370	145	220	55	30	30
2001 to 2010	635	310	320	20	20	0
2001 to 2005	245	130	125	10	0	0
2006 to 2010	385	185	200	15	15	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	265	110	155	20	15	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	90	40	45	30	15	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,650	1,690	1,960	300	155	145
Under 5 years	670	315	350	60	20	40
5 to 14 years	795	405	390	55	15	40
15 to 24 years	840	330	505	70	55	15
25 to 44 years	1,235	600	635	85	55	35
45 years and over	115	35	85	35	15	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,650	1,690	1,955	300	155	150
Americas	700	335	365	70	50	20
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	30	20	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	0	25	0	0	0
Mexico	30	10	20	40	30	10
Peru	0	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	475	245	235	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	70	30	35	0	0	0
Europe	2,130	990	1,140	185	85	95
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	60	25	35	0	0	0
Germany	340	165	180	10	10	0
Greece	35	30	10	0	0	0
Hungary	30	25	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	30	20	15	10	10	0
Italy	285	155	135	0	0	0
Netherlands	100	50	55	135	60	75
Poland	115	45	65	0	0	0
Portugal	60	30	25	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	55	20	40	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	755	315	440	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	185	75	110	10	0	0
Africa	135	80	55	20	0	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	55	25	20	10	15
Asia	650	275	375	30	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	160	65	90	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	10	0	0	0
India	170	75	90	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	15	10	10	0	0
Pakistan	55	30	25	0	0	0
Philippines	70	0	70	15	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	30	25	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	25	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	10	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	260	110	155	20	10	0
Americas	35	15	20	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	25	10	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	185	75	110	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	65	30	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	30	15	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	81,285	39,690	41,590	1,750	895	855
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,055	1,890	2,165	350	185	165
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,050	3,990	4,055	520	240	275
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	69,185	33,810	35,370	880	465	415
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,665	770	895	180	90	85
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	725	360	365	115	55	60
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	320	225	95	60	45	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	405	135	270	60	10	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	740	290	450	55	30	25
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	185	115	70	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	81,280	39,690	41,595	1,750	890	855
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	11,540	5,770	5,770	55	30	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10,990	5,470	5,520	50	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	6,305	3,080	3,225	20	10	10
Métis	4,640	2,365	2,280	30	20	10
Inuk (Inuit)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	180	105	80	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	370	200	165	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	69,745	33,920	35,825	1,695	865	835
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	81,285	39,690	41,595	1,745	895	855
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	4,875	2,365	2,510	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	76,405	37,325	39,085	1,750	890	855
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	81,285	39,690	41,590	1,745	895	855
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,835	1,365	1,475	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,750	1,295	1,450	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,225	1,035	1,195	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	520	260	260	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	85	65	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	65	45	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	20	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	9,715	4,710	5,005	90	45	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	9,395	4,540	4,855	90	45	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,685	2,780	2,895	25	10	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,650	1,735	1,910	65	35	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	20	45	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	320	165	150	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	290	155	135	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	15	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	68,735	33,625	35,110	1,650	840	805
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	81,285	39,695	41,595	1,745	895	855
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,920	925	1,000	90	45	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	465	240	220	10	10	0
Chinese	415	210	205	10	0	10
Black	390	210	185	0	0	0
Filipino	95	10	80	10	0	10
Latin American	140	70	75	20	15	10
Arab	65	40	25	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	105	50	55	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	60	20	40	15	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	85	35	45	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	75	30	50	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	79,365	38,770	40,595	1,655	850	810
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	81,285	39,690	41,595	1,750	890	850
North American Aboriginal origins	12,550	6,065	6,480	95	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	8,315	4,040	4,270	20	10	15
Inuit	120	60	65	0	0	0
Métis	4,525	2,195	2,330	75	45	30
Other North American origins	38,610	18,770	19,835	280	130	150
Acadian	90	50	40	0	0	0
American	795	390	400	35	15	15
Canadian	37,980	18,450	19,535	250	115	135
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	115	65	50	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Québécois	115	55	55	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	58,310	28,380	29,935	1,530	790	740
British Isles origins	37,340	18,075	19,265	590	300	290
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	20,665	9,985	10,680	345	160	180
Irish	16,480	7,755	8,725	190	95	95
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	14,655	7,005	7,650	265	150	115
Welsh	1,270	665	610	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,860	920	935	35	15	20
French origins	26,510	12,705	13,805	70	20	45
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	26,510	12,705	13,805	70	20	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,790	5,095	5,695	1,025	535	485
Austrian	370	165	205	15	0	10
Bavarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	230	120	115	15	10	10
Dutch	2,305	1,155	1,150	670	345	325
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	8,375	3,845	4,535	340	200	145
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	330	160	170	25	20	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,235	1,050	1,180	145	70	75
Danish	360	155	210	45	10	30
Finnish	720	340	375	10	10	0
Icelandic	110	40	60	0	0	10
Norwegian	550	280	270	50	40	15
Swedish	555	260	295	45	20	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	110	55	55	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,585	2,235	2,355	195	95	95
Bulgarian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	125	55	65	20	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	85	40	45	10	0	0
Estonian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	390	180	210	50	30	15
Latvian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,055	1,040	1,015	30	0	25
Romanian	205	130	75	0	0	0
Russian	425	170	255	20	10	10
Slovak	70	50	20	40	25	20
Ukrainian	1,405	655	750	55	25	30
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,325	2,595	2,730	55	55	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	80	30	50	10	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	285	150	140	30	30	0
Italian	4,190	2,060	2,130	10	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	50	30	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	365	190	175	0	0	0
Serbian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Spanish	295	130	170	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	90	25	60	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	315	190	125	10	0	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	105	55	50	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	200	125	75	15	0	10
Caribbean origins	325	140	185	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	160	60	95	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	330	140	190	30	20	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	50	15	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	45	85	30	20	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	15	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	320	180	140	10	10	10
Central and West African origins	70	50	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	30	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	70	35	30	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	30	20	15	10	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	155	75	80	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	130	65	65	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,660	755	910	120	60	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	265	135	125	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	25	20	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	120	55	70	0	10	0
Palestinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	0	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	585	285	300	20	10	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	465	230	235	20	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	75	40	40	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	15	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	860	350	505	90	45	45
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	520	250	270	10	0	10
Filipino	130	20	105	30	10	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	75	25	50	50	30	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	45	50	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	125	50	75	0	0	0
Australian	85	40	45	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	35	15	25	0	0	0
Fijian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
Owner	24,185	...	...	560	...	...
Renter	11,805	...	...	110	...	...
Band housing	60	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
Condominium	1,525	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	34,525	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
No bedrooms	135	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,335	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,950	...	...	135	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,190	...	...	230	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,435	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	36,050	...	...	675	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,365	...	...	120	...	...
5 rooms	5,335	...	...	80	...	...
6 rooms	5,700	...	...	60	...	...
7 rooms	4,940	...	...	90	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,705	...	...	320	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
One person or fewer per room	35,845	...	...	665	...	...
More than 1 person per room	210	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	36,050	...	...	675	...	...
Suitable	35,195	...	...	655	...	...
Not suitable	855	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
1960 or before	10,675	...	...	165	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,020	...	...	200	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,195	...	...	105	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,555	...	...	75	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,055	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,490	...	...	75	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,055	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,880	...	...	645	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,170	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	36,050	...	...	675	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,980	...	...	460	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,460	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	615	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	36,050	...	...	670	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,200	...	...	40	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,595	...	...	115	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,955	...	...	110	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,955	...	...	95	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,635	...	...	125	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,850	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,565	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	1,290	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	35,125	...	...	670	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	25,740	...	...	580	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,390	...	...	95	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,585	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,490	...	...	560	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.8	...	...	54.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.0	...	...	11.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,086	...	...	748	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,175	...	...	975	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	229,606	...	...	250,337	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	260,209	...	...	278,843	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,685	...	...	110	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	19.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.3	...	...	31.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	850	...	...	994	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	880	...	...	1,000	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	68,995	33,480	35,510	1,360	700	660
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,665	7,455	7,215	420	205	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,880	8,850	9,030	400	195	205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,445	17,175	19,270	535	295	240
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,160	4,540	1,615	170	135	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,255	2,155	1,100	45	30	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,905	2,390	520	125	100	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	19,105	7,980	11,120	250	115	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	980	405	575	15	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,195	4,245	5,955	105	40	65
Bachelor's degree	7,475	2,930	4,545	70	25	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	710	295	415	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	310	225	80	10	10	0
Master's degree	1,445	640	805	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	265	160	100	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	43,645	21,380	22,265	790	390	405
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,470	3,095	2,375	140	55	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,060	5,875	5,190	250	125	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,115	12,410	14,710	405	210	195
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,825	2,830	995	100	75	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,015	1,360	655	25	15	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,810	1,465	345	75	65	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,930	6,225	8,705	190	80	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	615	285	330	15	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,745	3,075	4,670	95	45	55
Bachelor's degree	5,650	2,120	3,530	65	25	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	250	360	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	145	65	15	10	10
Master's degree	1,070	435	635	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	210	120	90	0	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	68,990	33,480	35,515	1,360	700	660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	32,550	16,305	16,245	825	405	420
Education	2,795	700	2,095	30	0	25
13. Education	2,795	700	2,095	25	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	930	510	420	20	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	200	170	30	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	730	340	390	10	0	10
Humanities	1,350	545	805	15	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	25	50	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	370	105	270	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	280	120	165	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	135	85	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	140	75	60	0	0	0
54. History	265	120	140	0	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	70	10	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,695	1,120	2,575	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	65	15	55	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	285	110	175	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	930	90	845	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	535	165	370	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	15	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	720	195	520	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,085	535	555	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,790	2,220	4,570	100	40	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,170	215	955	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,610	1,995	3,615	90	35	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	740	400	340	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	375	160	215	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	80	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	135	100	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	65	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	880	575	305	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	700	495	205	10	0	0
25. Library science	45	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	125	65	60	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,915	7,380	530	160	155	10
04. Architecture and related services	110	80	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	615	505	110	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,915	1,755	160	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,665	1,590	75	55	50	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,270	2,195	70	40	40	0
48. Precision production	1,335	1,255	80	50	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	835	590	245	50	50	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	240	140	100	45	45	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	600	450	145	0	0	10
Health and related fields	7,110	1,220	5,890	95	15	85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	455	225	230	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,580	925	5,655	95	15	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	70	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,400	1,925	1,480	35	20	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,525	385	1,135	20	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	65	65	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	980	685	295	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	820	775	50	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	43,645	21,375	22,270	795	390	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,530	8,965	7,565	390	180	205
Education	1,855	480	1,375	30	0	20
13. Education	1,855	480	1,375	25	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	705	385	320	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	130	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	550	255	295	10	0	10
Humanities	845	310	535	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	15	40	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	240	60	180	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	70	110	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	35	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	40	45	0	0	0
54. History	175	85	85	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,995	805	2,185	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	65	15	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	85	135	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	800	70	725	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	445	115	335	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	10	55	0	0	0
42. Psychology	595	150	450	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	810	370	445	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	5,355	1,720	3,635	90	30	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	950	165	785	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,400	1,550	2,845	80	35	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	515	265	250	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	270	115	155	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	60	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	95	60	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	30	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	750	480	270	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	615	430	185	0	0	0
25. Library science	40	0	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	85	40	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,570	5,165	405	105	100	0
04. Architecture and related services	85	60	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	455	370	85	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,455	1,325	130	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,065	990	75	30	25	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,560	1,515	45	40	35	0
48. Precision production	955	905	50	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	640	445	195	40	35	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	175	100	70	35	40	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	470	350	120	0	0	10
Health and related fields	5,330	900	4,430	80	15	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	355	160	200	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,915	695	4,220	75	15	65
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	50	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,550	1,450	1,095	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,070	280	790	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	30	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	780	520	255	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	655	610	50	0	0	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	68,990	33,480	35,510	1,360	700	660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,545	16,305	16,240	825	405	420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	36,445	17,175	19,270	535	295	235
Location of study inside Canada	35,065	16,455	18,615	465	250	215
Same as province or territory of residence	33,440	15,630	17,810	390	205	180
Different than province or territory of residence	1,625	820	810	70	40	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,380	725	655	70	45	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	445	270	170	10	0	0
Philippines	35	0	40	10	10	0
India	90	40	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	275	155	130	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	505	245	260	50	35	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	43,650	21,380	22,270	795	390	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,530	8,970	7,560	390	185	205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	27,115	12,410	14,705	400	210	195
Location of study inside Canada	26,200	11,935	14,265	350	165	185
Same as province or territory of residence	25,085	11,365	13,725	300	145	155
Different than province or territory of residence	1,115	570	545	50	20	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	915	480	435	55	45	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	255	160	95	0	10	0
Philippines	35	0	35	10	0	0
India	80	35	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	85	75	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	360	180	180	40	35	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	68,995	33,480	35,510	1,360	700	660
In the labour force	39,880	20,195	19,680	835	480	360
Employed	35,940	17,770	18,175	790	450	340
Unemployed	3,935	2,430	1,510	40	30	15
Not in the labour force	29,110	13,285	15,830	525	220	300
Participation rate	57.8	60.3	55.4	61.4	68.6	54.5
Employment rate	52.1	53.1	51.2	58.1	64.3	51.5
Unemployment rate	9.9	12.0	7.7	4.8	6.2	4.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	68,990	33,480	35,515	1,360	700	660
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,050	12,170	14,880	425	185	245
Worked	41,945	21,305	20,630	930	515	415
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	20,770	11,215	9,555	475	295	180
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	21,175	10,095	11,075	455	220	240
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.1	42.1	42.2	43.2	44.3	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	39,880	20,195	19,680	835	475	360
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	915	465	445	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	38,965	19,730	19,235	835	475	355
Employee	35,220	17,430	17,790	685	375	305
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,745	2,305	1,450	155	100	55
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	39,880	20,195	19,680	835	480	360
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	465	445	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	38,970	19,730	19,240	840	475	360
0 Management occupations	3,755	2,305	1,450	90	60	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,485	1,440	4,050	115	10	105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,980	1,630	355	20	15	10
3 Health occupations	3,430	615	2,815	40	10	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,380	1,800	3,580	65	20	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	785	310	470	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	9,855	3,990	5,870	165	75	90
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,320	5,905	410	240	215	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	980	850	135	70	60	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,000	890	105	30	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	39,880	20,195	19,685	835	475	360
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	470	445	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	38,965	19,730	19,235	835	480	360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	550	405	145	130	85	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,045	885	160	10	10	0
22 Utilities	370	285	80	0	10	0
23 Construction	2,965	2,700	265	95	90	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,985	1,640	345	70	55	20
41 Wholesale trade	825	620	200	20	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,375	2,430	2,945	105	40	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,960	1,475	485	70	50	20
51 Information and cultural industries	455	255	200	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	905	340	570	15	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	600	410	190	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,675	875	800	25	0	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	10	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,790	1,030	755	25	15	15
61 Educational services	3,480	1,075	2,405	60	25	35
62 Health care and social assistance	6,175	1,120	5,055	65	10	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	700	375	330	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,090	1,110	1,975	40	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,670	755	920	30	25	10
91 Public administration	3,335	1,925	1,410	40	10	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35,940	17,770	18,170	795	445	345
Worked at home	1,905	960	940	55	25	30
Worked outside Canada	75	65	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,180	3,065	1,120	150	125	25
Worked at usual place	29,780	13,675	16,105	590	300	290
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,780	13,675	16,105	585	300	290
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	21,920	9,620	12,300	230	105	125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,370	2,440	2,935	330	185	145
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,075	1,275	800	25	10	15
Commute to a different province or territory	410	340	70	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	33,960	16,740	17,220	735	420	315
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,975	13,490	13,480	670	395	280
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,510	1,020	1,490	25	10	10
Public transit	1,065	395	675	0	0	10
Walked	2,475	1,165	1,310	30	10	20
Bicycle	410	305	105	0	0	0
Other method	530	360	165	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	33,960	16,740	17,220	735	420	310
Less than 15 minutes	16,095	7,485	8,610	360	215	145
15 to 29 minutes	11,125	5,300	5,825	190	110	80
30 to 44 minutes	3,875	2,005	1,870	155	70	85
45 to 59 minutes	1,235	685	555	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	1,630	1,265	365	15	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	33,960	16,740	17,220	735	425	315
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,670	1,130	540	65	50	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,245	3,275	1,965	180	135	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,885	5,680	5,205	195	125	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,975	2,910	5,070	135	40	95
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,985	1,135	1,850	90	40	50
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,195	2,605	2,590	70	40	30
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	43,270	21,920	21,345	945	525	420
Single responses	41,885	21,325	20,565	945	520	420
Official languages	41,780	21,265	20,515	940	520	420
English	38,500	20,040	18,460	935	520	415
French	3,285	1,225	2,060	0	0	0
Non-official languages	105	55	45	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	55	40	10	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	20	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,385	595	790	0	0	0
English and French	1,345	570	770	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	43,270	21,920	21,350	945	525	420
None	35,380	18,285	17,095	925	520	405
English	2,200	860	1,340	10	10	0
French	5,485	2,655	2,830	10	0	0
Non-official language	160	100	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal	45	25	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	120	75	45	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	80,585	39,310	41,270	1,715	865	850
Non-movers	69,770	34,115	35,660	1,435	705	730
Movers	10,810	5,200	5,610	280	160	125
Non-migrants	6,810	3,280	3,525	150	85	70
Migrants	4,005	1,920	2,085	130	75	55
Internal migrants	3,835	1,835	2,005	100	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	3,385	1,585	1,805	80	45	35
Interprovincial migrants	450	250	195	15	0	10
External migrants	165	80	85	25	20	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	77,495	37,645	39,850	1,610	815	790
Non-movers	49,425	24,280	25,145	1,080	550	530
Movers	28,070	13,365	14,705	530	270	265
Non-migrants	16,335	7,890	8,445	250	125	130
Migrants	11,730	5,470	6,255	280	145	140
Internal migrants	11,190	5,220	5,970	245	120	120
Intraprovincial migrants	10,025	4,650	5,380	205	105	100
Interprovincial migrants	1,165	575	590	35	15	20
External migrants	535	250	285	40	25	15

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Nipissing, DIS [Census division], Ontario and Picture Butte, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nipissing, District [Census division], Ontario and Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Nipissing, District [Census division], Ontario and Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nipissing, District [Census division], Ontario and Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta