Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part) [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part) Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part) [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Ottawa - Gatineau (Ontario part) [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	991,726	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	936,908 r	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.9	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	418,188	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	395,397	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	272.5	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,639.31	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	991,730	482,320	509,405	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	165,970	84,435	81,530	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	51,980	26,375	25,605	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	57,335	29,210	28,120	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	56,655	28,850	27,805	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	672,900	329,385	343,520	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	60,795	30,825	29,965	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	71,695	36,230	35,465	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	66,525	33,060	33,465	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	64,970	31,695	33,275	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	63,095	30,015	33,080	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	66,610	31,750	34,855	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	70,275	34,105	36,170	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	78,430	38,660	39,770	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	71,535	34,715	36,825	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	58,985	28,345	30,645	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	152,850	68,505	84,350	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	51,365	24,515	26,850	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	36,095	16,925	19,175	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	26,030	11,835	14,195	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	18,885	8,205	10,680	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	20,475	7,025	13,450	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	12,265	4,665	7,600	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	6,265	1,935	4,335	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	1,715	395	1,320	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	230	30	200	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.5	16.0	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	67.9	68.3	67.4	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	15.4	14.2	16.6	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	2.1	1.5	2.6	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	40.2	39.2	41.0	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	40.2	39.2	41.1	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	395,400	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	175,415	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	68,705	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	150,325	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	21,015	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	80,200	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	7,665	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	40,945	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	500	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	950	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	395,395	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	109,775	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	132,710	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	61,685	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	58,910	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	32,315	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	973,340	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	825,755	397,885	427,870	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	468,630	234,210	234,415	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	391,570	195,370	196,205	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	77,055	38,845	38,215	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	357,125	163,675	193,455	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	246,635	129,070	117,565	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	22,285	9,065	13,220	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	48,190	17,480	30,710	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	40,015	8,060	31,955	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	272,295	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	132,770	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	58,260	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	56,950	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	24,310	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	272,300	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	228,930	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	190,425	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	38,510	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	43,365	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	34,410	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	8,950	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	228,935	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	107,340	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	121,590	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	45,535	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	53,280	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	22,770	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	43,365	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	25,430	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	12,725	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	5,210	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	174,720	81,210	93,515	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	395,395	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	259,885	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	102,240	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	157,645	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	6,100	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	129,410	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	109,775	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	19,635	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	980,275	477,545	502,730	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	573,635	291,670	281,965	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	15,505	6,365	9,140	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	377,300	174,030	203,275	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	13,835	5,485	8,345	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	980,275	477,545	502,730	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	782,875	386,960	395,920	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	162,195	74,990	87,200	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	21,715	10,280	11,440	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	13,490	5,315	8,175	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	173,050	80,130	92,920	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	17.7	16.8	18.5	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	980,275	477,545	502,730	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	945,480	460,995	484,490	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	743,155	365,640	377,520	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	592,890	295,680	297,210	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	150,265	69,960	80,305	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	202,325	95,355	106,970	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	670	250	420	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	285	120	165	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	155	70	85	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	5	5	5	100	50	55
Naskapi	5	5	0	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	20	10	10	315	125	190
Plains Cree	10	5	5	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	0	0	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	75	35	45	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	10	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	5	5	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	20	5	15	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	105	35	70	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	25	10	20	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	70	25	50	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	5	5	0	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	5	0	5	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	340	110	225	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	5	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	310	100	210	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	30	10	20	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	25	10	15	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	0	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	5	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	0	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	201,660	95,105	106,555	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	44,435	22,250	22,180	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	375	195	175	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	250	130	115	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	125	70	60	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	6,660	2,875	3,785	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	50	25	20	805	455	350
Oromo	215	120	100	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	6,305	2,680	3,620	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	90	45	50	365	195	170
Semitic languages	37,345	19,150	18,190	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	1,455	685	770	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	34,375	17,720	16,655	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	35	45	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	60	30	30	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	360	190	165	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	35	15	20	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	905	440	465	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	70	40	35	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	7,060	3,240	3,825	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,100	490	615	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	5,950	2,750	3,200	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	0	10	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	7,830	2,850	4,985	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	30	10	15	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	370	125	245	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	0	0	5	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	115	40	75	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	570	225	350	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	55	30	30	1,430	665	760
Malay	400	160	235	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	15	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	30	10	20	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	6,075	2,175	3,895	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	40	15	30	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	120	45	80	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	4,245	1,770	2,470	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	300	130	170	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	3,760	1,555	2,205	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	180	85	100	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	3,815	1,970	1,845	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	225	115	105	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	665	345	315	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	2,420	1,230	1,185	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	485	270	220	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	88,555	42,135	46,415	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	660	325	335	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	465	240	230	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	20,565	9,220	11,345	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	470	200	270	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	255	115	140	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	215	90	125	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	20,095	9,020	11,075	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	45	20	20	810	385	430
Bosnian	600	280	325	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	850	395	460	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	1,020	475	550	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	940	415	520	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	60	30	35	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	5,615	2,530	3,085	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	6,210	2,705	3,500	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	1,715	820	895	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	520	255	265	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	585	265	320	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	215	90	125	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	1,670	720	955	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	115	55	60	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	40	20	15	1,090	540	550
Welsh	50	20	35	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	530	295	235
Germanic languages	9,330	4,280	5,050	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	165	80	80	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	320	145	175	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	2,460	1,180	1,280	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	45	25	20	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	5,630	2,500	3,130	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	20	10	10	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	140	60	80	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	280	145	140	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	30	45	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	180	100	75	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	525	280	240
Greek	2,145	1,125	1,025	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	27,060	13,635	13,425	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	18,425	9,295	9,130	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	3,260	1,620	1,640	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	1,480	770	715	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	2,885	1,480	1,405	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	25	10	15	565	300	265
Konkani	105	55	50	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	285	145	145	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	920	440	485	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	40	20	20	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,895	2,005	1,890	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	265	120	145	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	815	390	420	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	4,440	2,240	2,200	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	8,545	4,290	4,255	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	655	340	310	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	1,025	520	510	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	6,865	3,430	3,435	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	95	60	40	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	28,210	13,255	14,950	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	30	15	15	865	440	425
Italian	9,150	4,535	4,615	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	4,290	2,015	2,280	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	2,585	1,170	1,410	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	12,130	5,515	6,620	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	720	380	340
Japanese	1,000	305	695	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	35	10	20	1,715	910	805
Georgian	35	15	20	1,715	910	805
Korean	2,070	880	1,195	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	35	20	15	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	30	15	15	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	5,420	2,385	3,035	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	355	175	185	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	75	30	45	1,535	815	720
Edo	35	20	15	1,670	770	900
Ewe	75	25	50	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	100	50	50	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	60	35	30	920	445	470
Ganda	125	60	65	1,295	625	665
Igbo	185	95	95	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	325	120	205	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	845	360	485	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	655	240	415	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	110	45	70	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	1,110	490	620	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	80	35	45	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	235	125	115	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,035	490	545	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	305	140	165	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	90	40	45	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	220	95	120	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	230	115	120	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	80	30	45	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	145	75	65	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	32,015	14,865	17,150	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	31,205	14,470	16,730	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	10,185	4,785	5,395	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	155	65	90	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	18,610	8,585	10,030	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	50	20	30	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	725	315	415	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	445	205	245	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,020	490	530	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	815	395	415	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	225	115	110	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	325	155	170	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	90	50	40	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	170	75	95	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	700	250	450	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	345	155	190	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	350	90	260	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	80	35	55
Turkic languages	1,660	845	820	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	125	70	55	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	1,400	715	690	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	10	5	5	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	65	30	35	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	2,095	990	1,105	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	155	75	85	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	310	125	185	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	1,630	790	835	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	145	85	60	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	34,790	16,555	18,240	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	13,195	6,260	6,935	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	15,275	7,410	7,865	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	3,880	1,760	2,120	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	2,445	1,125	1,325	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	980,275	477,545	502,725	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	921,640	449,890	471,750	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	821,805	402,875	418,930	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	716,540	354,510	362,030	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	105,260	48,360	56,905	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	99,840	47,020	52,815	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	210	90	120	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	75	30	40	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	55	20	35	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	0	5	5	10	5	5
Naskapi	5	5	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	5	0	5	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	5	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	30	15	15	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	0	5	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	15	5	5	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	135	55	80	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	0	165	75	90
Inuktitut	115	45	75	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	99,625	46,930	52,695	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	24,690	11,865	12,820	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	220	110	115	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	185	85	95	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	3,855	1,580	2,275	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	25	15	15	620	330	285
Oromo	130	65	60	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	3,645	1,475	2,170	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	35	185	85	95
Semitic languages	20,600	10,170	10,425	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	840	400	445	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	19,120	9,465	9,655	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	15	20	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	15	5	10	735	335	400
Hebrew	135	75	60	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	5	5	5	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	415	195	220	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,155	1,905	2,250	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	465	200	260	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	3,690	1,700	1,985	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	3,340	1,400	1,940	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	5	5	5	290	140	155
Cebuano	125	50	70	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	45	15	25	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	230	110	120	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	20	10	5	435	220	210
Malay	120	50	65	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	10	5	5	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,745	1,130	1,615	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	1,850	760	1,095	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	155	70	90	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	1,630	655	970	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	30	35	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	1,845	910	940	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	75	40	35	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	285	145	135	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	1,280	615	670	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	195	105	90	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	37,570	17,795	19,775	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	295	145	155	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	205	95	110	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	8,995	4,225	4,770	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	105	45	60	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	60	25	35	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	50	20	30	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	8,890	4,185	4,705	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	20	15	10	230	105	120
Bosnian	305	155	150	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	400	190	210	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	330	150	180	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	220	105	115	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	15	10	5	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	2,010	925	1,085	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	3,645	1,700	1,945	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	1,010	505	505	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	200	105	95	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	195	95	110	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	510	235	275	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	670	310	360
Celtic languages	10	5	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	185	105	80
Welsh	0	5	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	1,000	465	530	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	40	20	20	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	25	10	10	855	410	445
Dutch	170	80	90	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	5	0	0	185	95	90
German	685	305	375	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	0	0	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	10	5	10	345	145	200
Swedish	55	35	15	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	15	5	5	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	635	300	330	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	14,710	7,180	7,530	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	9,620	4,755	4,860	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	1,950	940	1,010	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	615	315	300	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	1,290	650	635	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	5	5	5	135	70	70
Konkani	35	15	20	720	355	370
Marathi	110	50	60	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	735	360	370	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	10	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,195	1,110	1,090	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	60	25	35	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	385	190	195	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	2,220	1,095	1,125	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	5,070	2,410	2,660	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	375	195	180	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	645	310	335	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	4,050	1,905	2,145	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	11,720	5,380	6,340	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	20	5	15	355	165	190
Italian	2,520	1,120	1,395	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	1,865	870	990	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	1,200	560	640	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	6,120	2,820	3,295	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	180	85	95
Japanese	390	135	255	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	5	5	5	1,040	565	475
Georgian	5	5	5	1,035	565	475
Korean	1,145	525	615	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	15	10	5	910	440	470
Mongolian	15	10	5	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	1,480	660	820	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	125	60	65	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	15	5	5	340	180	160
Edo	0	0	0	415	175	240
Ewe	20	10	15	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	15	15	825	400	425
Ga	15	5	10	250	105	140
Ganda	30	10	20	345	160	185
Igbo	55	25	30	1,000	485	510
Lingala	75	25	50	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	265	130	135	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	230	80	145	1,530	670	865
Shona	20	15	5	1,035	475	560
Swahili	380	175	205	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	35	15	15	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	50	25	30	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	145	65	80	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	75	35	45	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	30	15	10	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	330	175	150	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	110	55	60	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	15	10	5	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	205	115	85	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	21,070	9,970	11,110	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	20,495	9,690	10,805	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	5,845	2,685	3,160	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	50	20	30	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	13,470	6,440	7,030	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	15	5	10	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	280	115	165	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	250	120	130	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	580	300	275	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	580	275	300	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	145	70	80	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	250	120	125	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	70	40	35	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	110	45	65	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	260	105	160	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	170	70	95	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	95	35	65	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	860	420	440	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	50	25	25	1,245	640	610
Turkish	750	360	385	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	0	0	0	610	315	290
Uzbek	35	15	20	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	455	230	225
Uralic languages	505	240	270	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	20	10	10	975	365	610
Finnish	40	20	20	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	445	210	235	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	58,635	27,655	30,980	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	13,550	6,225	7,325	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	36,975	17,850	19,130	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	3,350	1,420	1,930	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	4,755	2,165	2,590	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	980,275	477,545	502,730	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	750,025	370,115	379,910	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	88,080	41,670	46,410	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	64,680	29,735	34,950	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	68,435	31,920	36,510	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	420	155	265	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	68,015	31,765	36,245	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	2,630	1,230	1,395	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	2,475	1,155	1,320	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	3,860	1,675	2,190	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	85	45	40	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	807,620	390,280	417,345	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	772,670	373,435	399,230	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,048	48,685	37,030	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	772,950	373,475	399,475	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,276	42,389	33,232	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	704,780	345,535	359,245	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,860	48,953	35,936	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	532,035	235,840	296,195	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,349	1,499	4,437	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	580,875	292,860	288,015	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,100	46,359	36,799	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	807,620	390,260	417,360	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	772,630	373,260	399,365	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,379	62,447	46,838	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	772,925	373,280	399,640	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,295	49,942	39,022	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	704,980	345,345	359,630	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,465	63,309	45,972	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	531,805	235,725	296,080	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,802	6,131	7,337	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	580,870	292,325	288,550	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,798	60,064	45,437	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	807,620	390,260	417,365	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	298,675	161,305	137,365	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	65,140	70,402	60,342	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,515	81,525	66,283	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	91.4	93.8	88.3	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.9	75.1	70.1	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	8.6	6.2	11.7	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	807,625	390,275	417,345	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	34,955	16,835	18,120	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	772,670	373,440	399,230	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.7	95.7	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	103,950	47,405	56,545	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	113,765	47,120	66,645	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	82,805	34,910	47,895	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	71,120	30,960	40,165	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	68,220	30,170	38,045	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	62,465	28,860	33,600	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	55,415	27,370	28,050	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	44,980	23,610	21,375	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	39,150	21,115	18,035	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	34,255	18,320	15,940	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	96,540	63,595	32,945	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	68,545	43,325	25,220	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	27,995	20,270	7,720	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	807,620	390,275	417,345	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	34,675	16,805	17,870	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	772,950	373,475	399,470	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.7	95.7	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	108,525	48,305	60,215	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	118,390	49,445	68,945	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	95,735	40,970	54,770	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	87,890	38,615	49,270	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	84,235	38,265	45,975	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	73,490	36,150	37,335	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	58,300	31,250	27,055	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	48,540	26,290	22,250	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	97,850	64,185	33,660	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	34,395	20,395	13,995	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	20,160	13,120	7,040	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	43,290	30,665	12,620	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	807,620	390,275	417,345	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	226,750	97,415	129,335	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	580,875	292,860	288,015	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	71.9	75.0	69.0	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	71,280	34,655	36,625	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	42,925	19,315	23,610	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	69,155	31,400	37,760	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	53,690	24,925	28,765	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	47,910	22,590	25,320	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	46,225	21,150	25,075	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	44,100	20,320	23,775	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	39,370	19,255	20,110	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	31,940	16,715	15,225	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	134,275	82,530	51,745	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	31,530	16,595	14,935	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	28,195	15,170	13,025	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	74,550	50,765	23,785	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	395,395	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,451	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,131	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	109,775	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,185	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,886	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	285,620	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,070	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,207	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	395,400	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	106,259	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,589	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	109,785	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	56,344	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,895	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	285,615	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,445	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,230	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	395,400	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	6,375	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5,015	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	9,355	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	11,855	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10,890	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	11,400	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	11,760	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	12,275	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	12,820	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	12,845	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	26,240	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	26,215	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	24,725	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	24,015	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	22,800	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	166,805	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	47,000	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35,240	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	45,055	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	39,515	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	395,395	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	6,755	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5,090	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	9,490	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	12,345	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	12,195	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	12,945	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	14,055	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15,360	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	16,165	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	16,495	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	33,045	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	31,180	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30,120	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	27,595	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	24,185	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	128,385	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	47,220	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	32,500	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	48,665	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	270,710	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,922	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,466	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	99,935	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,436	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,053	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	122,125	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,389	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,206	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40,750	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,872	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,740	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	270,725	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,471	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,578	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	100,105	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	119,861	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,589	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	122,105	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	153,868	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,274	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	40,635	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,377	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,278	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	153,895	72,850	81,050	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	38,696	37,447	39,700	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	34,592	33,423	35,423	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	153,450	72,355	81,095	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	48,903	48,930	48,879	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	40,373	40,063	40,650	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	973,345	474,575	498,765	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	371,130	177,095	194,040	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	89,760	44,080	45,680	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	71,735	33,320	38,415	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	65,310	30,895	34,410	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	67,935	32,280	35,655	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	76,395	36,520	39,875	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	602,210	297,480	304,725	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	86,800	41,630	45,170	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	99,625	48,465	51,165	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	118,395	58,370	60,025	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	146,150	72,580	73,565	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	151,240	76,440	74,800	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	973,340	474,580	498,765	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	200,180	101,865	98,315	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	63,015	32,085	30,935	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	632,875	308,060	324,815	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	140,285	64,655	75,630	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	118,870	56,280	62,585	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	31,065	16,070	14,995	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	10,460	5,445	5,010	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	74,715	35,085	39,630	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	13,090	5,125	7,960	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	11.9	12.5	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.5	15.8	15.3	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	16.6	17.0	16.2	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	11.4	12.2	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	9.3	7.9	10.5	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	100,200	48,785	51,410	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	22,975	11,835	11,140	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	7,870	4,115	3,750	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	68,950	33,805	35,140	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	8,280	3,150	5,130	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.3	10.3	10.3	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	11.5	11.6	11.3	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	12.8	12.1	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	10.9	11.0	10.8	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	5.9	4.9	6.8	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	973,345	474,575	498,765	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	959,580	469,135	490,445	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	944,480	463,200	481,280	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	390,515	178,975	211,540	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	279,535	131,115	148,415	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	1,145	430	720	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	500	195	300	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	10	0	0	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	205	80	125	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	10	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	10	195	80	115
Naskapi	20	10	10	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	545	225	320
Plains Cree	10	0	0	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	50	20	35	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	20	10	10	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	85	30	50	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	10	10	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	265	100	165	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	45	20	20	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	205	70	130	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	10	10	10	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	10	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	15	0	0	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	10	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	590	220	370	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	10	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	530	200	335	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	50	15	40	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	50	15	40	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	278,450	130,715	147,730	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	61,725	30,965	30,760	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	540	285	255	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	420	220	195	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	125	65	60	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	9,300	4,160	5,140	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	85	55	35	1,085	625	470
Oromo	380	175	205	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	8,770	3,895	4,870	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	480	220	265
Semitic languages	52,885	26,995	25,890	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	1,985	940	1,040	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	48,310	24,775	23,540	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	80	30	45	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	35	20	15	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	1,865	1,010	855	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	65	25	40	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	1,175	490	680	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	240	150	90	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	135	65	75	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,710	4,115	4,595	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,530	685	845	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	7,225	3,450	3,780	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	10,210	3,785	6,425	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	30	10	20	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	575	210	365	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	10	0	10	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	165	55	110	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	705	295	405	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	100	55	50	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	620	270	345	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	65	20	40	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	60	25	35	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	9,150	3,320	5,835	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	35	10	30	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	110	50	60	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	9,515	3,995	5,520	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	475	180	295	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	8,445	3,545	4,900	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	640	285	355	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	5,065	2,555	2,505	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	470	235	235	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	835	375	455	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	3,335	1,705	1,625	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	795	420	375	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	30	25	10	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	0	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	133,050	62,565	70,485	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	785	385	410	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	660	350	315	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	24,820	11,365	13,460	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	530	230	305	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	260	105	155	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	270	120	150	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	24,380	11,170	13,220	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	125	60	65	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	1,025	475	550	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	1,055	485	570	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	1,850	915	930	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	1,345	580	760	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	95	35	60	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	6,605	3,020	3,580	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	9,230	4,255	4,975	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	2,085	1,020	1,070	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	570	295	275	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	930	390	535	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	275	125	145	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	2,355	995	1,360	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	55	15	45	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	405	195	205	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	155	75	75	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	90	35	55	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	165	90	75	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	17,645	8,410	9,240	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	410	205	205	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	435	190	245	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	3,135	1,480	1,650	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	70	25	35	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	12,825	6,120	6,705	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	45	20	25	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	345	145	200	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	605	295	310	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	85	35	45	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	355	185	170	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	3,155	1,595	1,555	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	35,455	17,970	17,480	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	25,920	13,170	12,745	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	4,250	2,185	2,070	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	2,275	1,225	1,050	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	10,390	5,375	5,015	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	10	0	0	905	490	420
Konkani	140	75	65	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	575	310	260	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	1,270	640	635	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	75	40	30	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,285	3,245	3,040	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	500	225	275	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,065	485	585	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	7,210	3,615	3,600	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	10,055	5,085	4,975	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	755	400	355	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	1,400	755	645	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	8,680	4,350	4,330	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	200	120	85	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	55,550	24,915	30,630	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	80	30	45	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	15,665	7,470	8,195	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	6,250	3,085	3,165	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	2,890	1,350	1,545	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	33,950	14,535	19,415	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	110	65	45	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	2,525	1,200	1,330	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	40	15	25	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	40	20	20	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	2,585	1,095	1,490	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	40	20	20	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	40	25	15	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	10,655	4,710	5,950	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	630	330	300	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	155	75	85	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	95	35	55	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	205	80	125	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	165	70	95	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	160	85	75	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	210	65	145	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	305	165	140	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	1,770	745	1,030	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,590	650	945	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	970	360	610	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	175	60	115	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	3,070	1,340	1,735	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	205	110	95	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	755	395	355	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,290	1,050	1,240	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	325	140	185	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	190	85	105	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	130	50	75	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	1,730	700	1,030	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	910	315	590	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	105	30	75	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	770	370	395	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	36,535	17,260	19,275	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	35,645	16,830	18,815	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	12,725	6,020	6,705	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	265	125	145	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	24,590	11,360	13,235	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	40	15	25	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,035	470	565	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	415	205	215	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,015	535	480	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	920	440	480	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	305	145	165	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	370	185	185	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	55	30	25	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	360	155	205	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	1,020	415	605	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	460	205	255	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	625	235	390	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	2,425	1,210	1,215	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	140	80	60	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	2,090	1,050	1,040	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	40	25	15	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	80	20	60	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	125	60	65	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	2,645	1,280	1,365	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	245	120	125	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	495	225	270	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	1,915	940	975	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	385	250	135	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	973,345	474,575	498,765	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	910,260	444,570	465,690	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	190,375	96,850	93,525	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	719,885	347,720	372,165	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	63,085	30,005	33,075	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	973,345	474,575	498,765	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	738,430	363,910	374,520	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	219,705	102,820	116,885	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	55,325	26,585	28,740	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	30,100	14,405	15,695	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	50,115	22,705	27,410	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	53,920	24,755	29,165	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	25,420	11,625	13,790	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	28,505	13,130	15,375	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	30,250	14,370	15,875	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	15,210	7,850	7,355	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	219,705	102,820	116,885	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	24,320	12,010	12,310	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	39,325	19,975	19,350	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	46,175	20,750	25,425	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	91,205	41,795	49,410	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	18,680	8,290	10,390	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	219,705	102,820	116,885	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	33,440	14,555	18,880	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	1,000	450	545	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	1,275	490	790	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	1,735	800	935	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	1,395	650	740	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	6,440	2,665	3,775	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	3,020	1,295	1,725	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	1,330	540	785	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	825	370	455	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	1,265	495	770	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,555	3,825	4,730	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	6,600	2,970	3,630	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	57,260	27,370	29,885	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,620	785	830	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	810	385	425	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	2,350	1,060	1,295	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	4,150	1,770	2,385	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	930	495	440	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	845	430	415	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	845	380	460	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	5,455	2,810	2,645	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	2,100	1,055	1,045	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	4,215	1,890	2,320	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	2,010	1,020	985	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	2,420	1,140	1,280	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	2,900	1,245	1,655	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	880	415	460	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	1,795	850	945	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	16,500	8,305	8,195	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	7,440	3,335	4,105	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	30,575	14,055	16,520	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	1,055	495	555	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	3,420	1,790	1,630	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	2,215	1,020	1,195	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	1,070	545	525	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	1,235	565	670	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	1,270	585	690	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	3,895	1,495	2,405	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	875	455	420	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	15,545	7,110	8,440	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	97,595	46,385	51,205	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	2,395	1,215	1,180	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	2,655	1,375	1,275	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	17,480	7,600	9,885	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	3,025	1,515	1,510	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	10,560	5,300	5,260	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	4,400	2,190	2,210	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	3,555	1,905	1,650	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	735	180	555	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,695	745	950	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	11,065	5,785	5,280	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	3,845	1,930	1,920	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	8,915	3,355	5,560	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	2,335	1,105	1,230	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,125	1,595	1,525	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	840	360	480	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	5,610	2,570	3,040	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	15,340	7,655	7,690	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	840	450	390	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	30,250	14,370	15,880	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	4,130	1,865	2,265	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	140	80	60	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	195	80	110	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	130	65	60	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	1,310	555	755	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	115	65	50	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	245	100	145	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,185	590	595	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	125	35	90	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	700	290	405	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	2,590	1,260	1,330	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	280	155	130	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	160	75	90	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	70	45	25	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	35	15	20	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	120	60	60	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	350	145	205	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	215	105	110	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	625	315	305	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	730	340	380	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	6,195	2,795	3,395	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	135	50	85	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	330	165	165	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	725	270	455	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	170	55	115	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	780	420	365	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	250	115	130	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	330	120	215	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	170	75	95	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	385	170	215	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	360	150	210	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	100	50	55	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	105	40	65	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	2,360	1,125	1,235	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	17,195	8,380	8,815	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	530	270	265	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	535	265	265	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,590	1,100	1,490	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	80	45	35	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	1,925	1,060	870	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	775	365	415	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	1,075	565	515	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	190	105	85	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	105	25	85	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	215	75	145	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	900	480	420	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	290	160	130	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	640	350	290	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	2,640	1,090	1,545	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	365	205	160	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	220	95	120	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,820	980	835	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	40	20	20	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	185	95	90	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	340	210	135	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	200	80	115	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	1,540	730	805	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	140	75	70	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	125	70	50	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	20	0	20	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	973,345	474,575	498,765	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	244,535	115,650	128,885	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	196,210	98,430	97,785	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	532,600	260,500	272,100	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	167,450	77,755	89,690	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	77,245	38,495	38,750	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	32,120	19,715	12,400	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	45,130	18,780	26,345	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	48,390	19,090	29,300	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	39,835	19,355	20,485	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,980	815	1,160	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	973,340	474,580	498,765	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	25,035	11,860	13,170	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	23,790	11,335	12,455	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	12,160	5,790	6,370	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	10,450	5,015	5,435	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	1,175	530	645	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	565	235	330	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	680	290	385	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	948,310	462,715	485,600	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	973,340	474,575	498,765	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	6,420	2,955	3,460	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	966,920	471,620	495,300	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	973,345	474,580	498,770	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	4,515	1,990	2,520	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	4,430	1,955	2,475	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	2,905	1,300	1,605	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	995	410	585	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	530	245	280	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	80	35	40	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	60	30	25	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	0	10	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	10	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	42,030	19,625	22,405	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	40,920	19,180	21,740	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	28,230	13,090	15,140	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,785	5,680	6,105	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	905	410	495	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,110	445	665	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,010	410	600	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	25	35	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	10	30	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	926,795	452,960	473,840	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	973,345	474,575	498,765	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	243,115	117,065	126,055	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	38,980	19,825	19,150	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	41,155	19,530	21,625	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	60,975	28,545	32,430	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	12,135	4,845	7,290	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	11,350	5,105	6,245	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	41,120	21,430	19,685	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	12,410	5,875	6,535	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	9,010	4,595	4,420	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	2,960	1,345	1,620	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	2,440	1,015	1,425	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	2,655	1,195	1,465	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	7,925	3,760	4,165	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	730,225	357,510	372,710	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	973,340	474,580	498,765	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	46,545	21,615	24,930	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	32,285	14,855	17,425	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	1,555	700	860	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	13,905	6,550	7,355	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	302,950	148,550	154,395	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	4,015	1,955	2,060	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	12,375	6,115	6,260	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	291,710	142,875	148,830	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	40	25	15	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	745	465	280	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	105	65	40	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	365	165	200	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	920	470	450	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	30	20	10	1,895	950	945
European origins	623,750	304,380	319,370	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	412,015	201,785	210,235	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	100	30	70	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	70	45	25	1,975	995	975
English	204,965	101,425	103,535	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	210,780	99,930	110,855	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	185	110	75	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	180,005	88,305	91,705	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	17,845	8,570	9,275	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	34,600	16,240	18,355	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	202,680	96,615	106,060	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	50	20	25	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	135	80	60	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	55	40	15	1,750	950	805
French	202,595	96,560	106,035	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	120,640	58,840	61,800	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	5,940	2,910	3,030	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	70	20	45	940	485	455
Belgian	4,600	2,175	2,425	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	30,945	15,430	15,515	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	465	250	220	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	80	50	30	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	83,520	40,425	43,100	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	120	70	55	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	4,610	2,250	2,360	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	135	60	75	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	24,220	12,170	12,050	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	5,395	2,790	2,605	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	4,005	2,020	1,980	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	1,495	695	795	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	6,560	3,280	3,285	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	7,095	3,415	3,680	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,535	885	645	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	88,575	42,555	46,025	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	1,455	680	775	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	835	405	430	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	3,705	1,705	1,995	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	740	320	420	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	975	435	540	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	8,780	4,330	4,450	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	1,085	460	625	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	2,450	1,210	1,245	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	375	155	220	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	33,470	15,990	17,480	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	6,340	3,060	3,275	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	15,620	7,220	8,405	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	2,580	1,210	1,370	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	26,015	12,585	13,435	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	1,040	550	480	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	83,445	40,735	42,710	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	1,080	530	550	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	1,270	600	670	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	15	0	0	1,280	740	535
Croatian	3,595	1,725	1,870	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	165	60	100	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	7,160	3,610	3,550	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	47,240	23,530	23,710	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	55	30	25	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	560	210	345	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	650	330	320	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	150	70	80	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	9,555	4,670	4,890	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	2,675	1,335	1,340	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	275	130	140	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	1,265	615	655	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	12,535	5,535	6,995	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	850	395	455	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	65	25	40	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	8,185	4,190	3,990	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	290	165	130	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	5,820	3,005	2,815	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	80	40	40	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	195	100	100	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	1,850	930	920	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	26,070	11,745	14,325	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	270	150	115	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	160	105	50	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	1,260	535	725	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	100	55	45	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	105	35	75	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	1,135	515	620	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	720	315	405	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	300	155	140	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	10	0	10	1,125	515	605
Haitian	10,095	4,485	5,610	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	7,900	3,635	4,265	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	40	20	25	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	30	20	15	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	45	25	20	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	105	40	70	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	770	295	480	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,040	925	1,115	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	235	80	155	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,605	680	925	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,045	495	550	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	18,075	8,365	9,705	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	810	385	425	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	60	25	35	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	665	365	300	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	95	40	50	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	145	75	65	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	1,155	570	585	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	1,085	550	535	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	1,955	890	1,065	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	165	65	95	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	255	145	120	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	425	155	270	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	1,980	960	1,015	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	345	185	160	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	285	90	195	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	325	165	165	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	2,900	1,235	1,665	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	1,095	545	550	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	110	55	55	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	35	20	15	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	1,280	605	680	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	2,190	1,065	1,125	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	95	35	55	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	915	345	570	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,215	500	710	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	56,250	27,110	29,135	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	11,995	5,900	6,095	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	105	65	45	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	195	85	110	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	20	10	0	1,585	855	735
Beninese	115	70	40	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	285	125	160	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	1,295	675	620	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	150	80	75	1,845	955	885
Congolese	3,950	1,760	2,190	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	50	25	25	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	15	10	10	845	470	375
Gabonese	110	60	50	1,405	660	750
Gambian	35	20	15	975	495	475
Ghanaian	1,360	750	615	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	270	120	150	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	110	50	55	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	510	220	295	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	95	55	40	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	165	75	90	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	75	45	35	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	2,030	1,045	985	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	65	40	30	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	360	175	185	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	100	40	55	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	310	160	155	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	35	25	10	840	495	345
Yoruba	345	210	135	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	885	450	435	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	12,970	6,675	6,300	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	1,345	670	680	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	890	480	415	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	120	55	60	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	50	20	30	900	500	400
Egyptian	5,870	3,080	2,790	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	1,215	625	595	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	40	30	10	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	2,170	1,060	1,110	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	850	425	425	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	650	335	315	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	455	235	225	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	23,055	10,800	12,265	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	50	25	25	1,870	955	915
Amhara	70	50	25	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	370	170	200	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	1,915	855	1,060	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	730	305	425	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	1,350	620	730	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	2,850	1,300	1,550	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	10	0	10	665	355	305
Kenyan	605	305	300	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	215	110	110	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	345	150	195	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	285	145	140	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	1,310	530	780	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	30	10	25	1,285	575	710
Somali	10,380	4,910	5,465	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	1,185	590	595	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	285	120	165	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	180	85	95	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	395	190	205	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	140	60	80	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	315	155	165	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	45	35	15	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,275	635	635	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	9,555	4,440	5,110	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,180	465	710	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	8,560	4,070	4,495	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	180,915	88,640	92,275	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	64,805	33,385	31,425	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	3,955	2,015	1,935	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	7,290	3,725	3,560	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	1,480	755	720	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	130	55	75	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	215	85	130	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	170	100	65	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	50	30	25	1,515	810	705
Iranian	6,855	3,440	3,420	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	4,730	2,510	2,225	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	720	390	335	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	1,475	800	680	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	155	75	80	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	805	435	370	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	965	485	480	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	35	25	10	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	26,225	13,445	12,780	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	4,005	2,230	1,770	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	225	115	110	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	580	275	300	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	4,545	2,355	2,190	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	95	50	45	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	150	55	95	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	2,915	1,535	1,375	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	105	55	50	1,040	540	500
Uighur	50	35	20	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	165	75	90	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	1,000	510	490	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,105	1,075	1,030	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	41,015	20,755	20,260	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	2,275	1,190	1,090	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	1,040	525	520	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	315	165	150	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	27,910	14,145	13,770	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	125	70	55	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	180	110	75	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	50	15	35	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	890	435	455	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	4,495	2,250	2,245	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	1,125	585	540	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	290	150	145	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	2,665	1,320	1,345	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	940	465	475	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,210	1,105	1,105	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	76,895	35,350	41,545	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	605	300	305	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,335	1,080	1,260	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	46,565	21,895	24,670	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	13,345	5,415	7,935	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	0	0	0	805	420	390
Indonesian	600	255	345	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	3,120	1,290	1,830	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	285	150	135	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	3,190	1,475	1,710	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	675	315	370	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	475	175	300	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	300	170	135	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	45	20	25	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	720	330	390	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	655	215	440	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	90	40	50	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	8,815	4,335	4,480	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	250	140	110	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	345	155	190	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	345	155	190	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	2,005	970	1,030	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	1,340	620	720	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	470	260	205	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	230	100	130	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	55	20	35	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	15	0	10	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	20	15	0	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	80	20	60	1,530	725	805
Samoan	45	30	10	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	40	20	15	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	395,395	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	263,665	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	131,730	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	395,395	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	58,980	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	336,420	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	395,400	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	2,495	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	54,470	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	81,215	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	152,300	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	104,920	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	395,395	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	102,015	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	51,030	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	57,330	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	58,305	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	126,715	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	395,395	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	389,455	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	5,945	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	395,400	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	377,565	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	17,830	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	395,395	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	68,830	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	118,425	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	66,525	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	47,930	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	31,235	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	32,520	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	29,930	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	395,395	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	374,220	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	21,175	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	395,400	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	220,745	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	164,600	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10,050	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	395,395	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	15,455	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	58,575	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	69,605	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	86,425	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	76,580	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	52,400	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	27,030	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	9,320	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	393,925	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	301,280	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	92,655	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	78,795	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	262,565	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	61.2	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	14.1	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,437	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,502	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,633	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	437,539	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	131,685	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.7	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	42.3	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,110	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,146	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	807,620	390,260	417,365	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	100,595	50,025	50,570	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	196,910	97,140	99,770	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	510,125	243,090	267,030	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	35,080	22,300	12,785	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	19,050	10,560	8,490	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	16,030	11,740	4,295	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	164,390	73,040	91,350	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15,880	6,495	9,385	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	294,770	141,260	153,510	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	181,860	83,450	98,410	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	16,550	7,095	9,460	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,830	3,400	3,430	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	73,825	36,895	36,930	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	15,700	10,425	5,275	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	535,830	258,735	277,095	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	34,400	18,465	15,935	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	105,580	54,310	51,270	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	395,855	185,960	209,890	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	24,315	15,330	8,985	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	13,240	7,205	6,030	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	11,075	8,125	2,955	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	127,650	57,610	70,040	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10,610	4,505	6,105	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	233,275	108,515	124,765	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	142,855	64,760	78,095	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	12,625	4,980	7,650	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,420	2,415	3,005	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	60,970	29,410	31,560	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	11,405	6,955	4,450	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	807,620	390,260	417,365	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	297,500	147,165	150,335	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	28,345	6,370	21,975	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	28,340	6,370	21,980	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	18,000	7,980	10,020	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,780	2,735	1,045	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	14,225	5,250	8,975	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	34,435	13,015	21,420	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	5,365	1,100	4,260	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	9,115	2,735	6,380	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,395	2,355	4,040	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	340	105	235	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,425	1,355	1,075	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,850	1,095	755	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	6,740	3,815	2,930	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	2,210	460	1,750	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90,825	34,690	56,130	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,445	390	1,055	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	9,500	3,380	6,120	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,550	810	8,745	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	14,310	5,395	8,910	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,835	505	1,330	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	13,650	3,430	10,225	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	40,535	20,790	19,750	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	99,390	42,425	56,965	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	185	85	100	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	10,290	2,985	7,310	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	88,910	39,350	49,560	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	26,930	13,755	13,170	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	13,270	5,460	7,810	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	3,940	1,950	1,980	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	290	65	220	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	8,630	5,960	2,670	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	800	315	485	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35,435	22,995	12,440	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	26,715	18,835	7,880	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	2,685	560	2,125	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,990	2,925	2,065	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,040	670	370	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	83,075	72,080	10,990	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	4,615	2,975	1,640	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	35,940	29,265	6,680	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	18,030	16,175	1,855	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	35	0	30	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	9,650	9,405	245	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10,980	10,640	340	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	3,815	3,615	200	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	7,460	4,075	3,385	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	4,240	2,450	1,785	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,220	1,615	1,605	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	63,255	13,605	49,650	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	6,150	2,950	3,200	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	54,910	9,495	45,420	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,190	1,165	1,025	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	22,910	12,070	10,840	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	12,130	3,620	8,510	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	810	670	145	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	490	445	40	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	6,960	5,045	1,915	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,520	2,295	225	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	70	30	40	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	25	40	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	535,835	258,735	277,095	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	139,980	72,775	67,205	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	19,665	4,205	15,460	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	19,665	4,205	15,455	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,845	6,090	7,760	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,890	2,010	880	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	10,960	4,075	6,880	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	24,670	9,245	15,425	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	4,185	815	3,365	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	6,530	1,960	4,570	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	4,440	1,640	2,800	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	260	75	190	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,705	975	735	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,270	785	480	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	4,925	2,770	2,160	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	1,355	225	1,130	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	72,455	26,620	45,840	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,180	295	885	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	7,595	2,680	4,920	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,535	640	6,895	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	12,055	4,120	7,930	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,490	425	1,070	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	10,485	2,515	7,970	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	32,110	15,945	16,165	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	79,090	33,005	46,085	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	165	70	90	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	8,215	2,305	5,910	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	70,710	30,625	40,080	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	19,605	9,335	10,265	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10,060	3,915	6,150	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,775	1,330	1,440	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	220	55	165	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	6,000	3,845	2,160	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	555	195	360	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30,895	20,190	10,710	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	24,360	17,110	7,245	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	1,900	415	1,485	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,710	2,090	1,615	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	930	575	360	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	63,985	54,675	9,310	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	3,665	2,275	1,390	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	28,570	22,735	5,830	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	13,815	12,375	1,445	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	0	25	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	7,170	6,965	200	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	8,060	7,785	275	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	2,675	2,545	135	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,770	2,960	2,815	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,085	1,635	1,450	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,685	1,325	1,360	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	48,235	10,525	37,710	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,830	2,275	2,555	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	41,695	7,455	34,240	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,705	795	915	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	17,565	9,085	8,485	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	9,285	2,780	6,505	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	675	540	135	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	290	250	35	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	5,455	3,840	1,610	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,865	1,670	195	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	65	30	35	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	30	40	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	807,620	390,260	417,360	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	297,500	147,170	150,335	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	510,120	243,090	267,030	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	431,055	205,015	226,045	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	352,025	167,175	184,855	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	79,030	37,840	41,190	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	79,065	38,080	40,985	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,990	6,690	5,300	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	4,455	1,370	3,090	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	5,555	2,680	2,875	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	9,870	5,550	4,320	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	6,255	2,860	3,395	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	2,100	1,050	1,050	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	38,830	17,880	20,950	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	535,835	258,735	277,100	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	139,980	72,775	67,200	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	395,850	185,960	209,895	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	336,995	158,885	178,110	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	276,550	130,080	146,475	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	60,445	28,810	31,640	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	58,855	27,070	31,780	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	8,620	4,570	4,050	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	3,855	1,160	2,690	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	3,955	1,850	2,105	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	5,680	3,085	2,595	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	4,585	2,025	2,560	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	1,680	820	855	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	30,480	13,555	16,925	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	807,625	390,260	417,360	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	545,635	277,955	267,680	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	506,990	257,430	249,565	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	38,640	20,530	18,115	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	261,985	112,305	149,680	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	67.6	71.2	64.1	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	62.8	66.0	59.8	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.4	6.8	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	807,620	390,260	417,365	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	248,270	106,310	141,960	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	559,350	283,950	275,400	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	305,870	166,205	139,665	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	253,480	117,745	135,735	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.8	42.9	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	545,635	277,960	267,680	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,940	6,445	6,500	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	532,695	271,510	261,185	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	477,995	238,650	239,340	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	54,700	32,860	21,845	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	545,635	277,955	267,680	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,940	6,445	6,495	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	532,690	271,515	261,180	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	64,085	38,635	25,450	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	97,110	32,580	64,530	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	64,140	48,445	15,690	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	34,690	7,965	26,720	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	86,190	31,275	54,910	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20,015	8,820	11,200	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	113,765	55,915	57,845	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	42,225	39,860	2,370	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	5,080	4,155	925	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,395	3,865	1,525	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	545,635	277,960	267,675	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,945	6,445	6,495	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	532,695	271,515	261,180	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,900	1,845	1,055	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	545	460	80	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	1,415	1,050	365	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	26,705	23,255	3,450	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	16,885	11,915	4,970	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	12,840	9,340	3,505	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	55,950	28,645	27,305	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15,835	11,725	4,110	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	14,435	9,060	5,375	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	17,485	8,105	9,380	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	9,555	5,165	4,390	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	53,680	32,710	20,975	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	430	155	270	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	23,460	14,265	9,195	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	43,325	14,415	28,905	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	58,020	12,175	45,845	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10,565	5,170	5,400	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	35,310	17,550	17,760	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	22,345	9,070	13,285	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	111,000	55,420	55,580	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	506,995	257,425	249,565	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	36,895	18,435	18,460	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	2,155	1,485	675	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	43,280	30,965	12,315	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	424,660	206,545	218,115	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	424,660	206,545	218,115	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	376,580	181,850	194,730	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,360	655	700	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	24,595	12,785	11,810	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	22,130	11,255	10,870	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	467,940	237,510	230,430	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	299,290	162,390	136,895	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	27,200	8,530	18,665	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	91,935	41,210	50,725	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	33,280	15,650	17,630	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	11,545	7,440	4,100	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	4,700	2,285	2,410	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	467,940	237,510	230,430	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	92,885	44,390	48,490	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	172,315	88,990	83,325	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	117,325	61,645	55,675	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	50,220	24,865	25,355	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	35,200	17,610	17,585	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	467,940	237,510	230,430	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	22,325	14,835	7,490	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	83,850	46,200	37,650	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	136,490	65,355	71,135	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	112,410	53,805	58,610	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	52,700	25,205	27,490	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	60,160	32,105	28,055	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	575,030	291,650	283,375	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	545,800	278,345	267,460	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	542,310	276,590	265,720	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	510,345	264,295	246,050	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	31,965	12,290	19,675	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	3,485	1,750	1,735	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	30	0	30	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	25	0	20	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	25	10	20	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	10	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,455	1,745	1,710	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	610	360	250	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	20	0	20	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	20	0	20	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	590	360	230	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	10	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	560	345	220	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	15	10	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	50	90	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	140	50	90	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	20	15	10	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	0	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	90	50	45
Tamil	10	0	0	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	900	400	505	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	0	0	0	350	220	125
Armenian	0	0	10	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	270	90	175	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	265	90	180	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	155	90	65
Bulgarian	10	10	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	10	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	0	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	45	15	30	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	145	40	110	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	25	10	15	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	30	10	15	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	10	10	10
Germanic languages	135	65	75	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	15	10	10	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	95	45	50	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	10	0	10	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	10	10	0	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	120	60	60	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	20	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	10	10	0	530	275	245
Gujarati	0	0	0	880	300	585
Hindi	20	15	0	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	0	0	10	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	20	15	10	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	60	25	35	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	0	0	0	185	150	40
Pashto	10	0	10	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	50	20	30	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	365	180	185	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	45	30	10	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	85	60	30	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	0	0	0	745	365	380
Spanish	235	95	145	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	60	25	30	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Korean	85	45	40	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	15	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	10	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	15	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	20	25	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	35	15	20	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,430	750	680	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	1,425	745	675	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	555	315	240	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	820	395	430	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	35	10	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	270	155	115
Burmese	10	0	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	40	25	10	675	270	405
Lao	15	10	0	150	70	80
Thai	25	15	10	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	20	10	15	685	435	255
Uyghur	10	10	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	10	10	10	105	40	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	29,230	13,310	15,920	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	25,160	11,350	13,815	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	3,295	1,605	1,690	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	70	20	50	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	710	340	370	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	575,030	291,655	283,375	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	430,960	225,245	205,715	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	23,405	9,745	13,665	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	109,935	51,355	58,590	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	9,205	4,630	4,570	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	130	50	85	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	9,070	4,585	4,485	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	120	40	80	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	145	65	75	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	1,250	575	675	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	963,460	469,570	493,890	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	835,235	406,670	428,560	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	128,230	62,900	65,330	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	88,220	43,300	44,915	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	40,010	19,600	20,415	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	27,520	13,310	14,215	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	16,465	7,835	8,630	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	11,060	5,475	5,580	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	12,490	6,290	6,200	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	921,485	448,425	473,060	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	559,325	271,590	287,730	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	362,160	176,830	185,330	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	235,705	115,115	120,590	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	126,455	61,720	64,740	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	84,760	40,800	43,960	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	50,860	24,310	26,550	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	33,900	16,490	17,415	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	41,695	20,920	20,775	1,381,460	682,625	698,835