Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chapleau, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Berthier--Maskinongé [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Chapleau, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]			Berthier--Maskinongé Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Chapleau, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Chapleau, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Berthier--Maskinongé [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,964	...	...	100,371	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	2,116	...	...	98,590	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-7.2	...	...	1.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	1,022	...	...	50,785	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	869	...	...	43,965	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	138.2	...	...	24.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	14.22	...	...	4,150.60	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,965	980	985	100,370	50,395	49,975
0 to 14 years	300	160	145	15,195	7,685	7,515
0 to 4 years	95	45	45	5,100	2,565	2,535
5 to 9 years	105	55	50	5,445	2,725	2,715
10 to 14 years	105	55	50	4,650	2,385	2,260
15 to 64 years	1,275	635	635	63,800	32,335	31,460
15 to 19 years	110	45	65	4,790	2,405	2,385
20 to 24 years	100	45	55	4,830	2,460	2,365
25 to 29 years	100	50	45	4,755	2,405	2,350
30 to 34 years	110	60	50	5,510	2,795	2,715
35 to 39 years	105	45	60	6,130	3,105	3,025
40 to 44 years	115	50	65	5,300	2,730	2,570
45 to 49 years	115	55	55	6,105	3,115	2,990
50 to 54 years	175	100	75	8,340	4,165	4,180
55 to 59 years	190	95	95	9,310	4,700	4,615
60 to 64 years	150	80	75	8,730	4,460	4,265
65 years and over	390	185	205	21,375	10,370	11,005
65 to 69 years	125	65	60	7,520	3,880	3,645
70 to 74 years	80	40	40	5,780	2,880	2,900
75 to 79 years	75	30	40	3,635	1,835	1,800
80 to 84 years	65	30	30	2,345	1,020	1,325
85 years and over	55	20	30	2,095	755	1,340
85 to 89 years	35	15	20	1,360	540	815
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	565	180	380
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	150	30	120
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.3	16.3	14.7	15.1	15.2	15.0
15 to 64 years	64.9	64.8	64.5	63.6	64.2	63.0
65 years and over	19.8	18.9	20.8	21.3	20.6	22.0
85 years and over	2.8	2.0	3.0	2.1	1.5	2.7
Average age of the population	44.0	43.8	44.2	44.5	44.1	44.9
Median age of the population	47.2	47.8	46.6	48.1	47.8	48.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	870	...	...	43,965	...	...
Single-detached house	615	...	...	34,055	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	25	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	245	...	...	9,385	...	...
Semi-detached house	65	...	...	1,245	...	...
Row house	35	...	...	420	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	2,125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	110	...	...	5,255	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	340	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	15	...	...	505	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	870	...	...	43,965	...	...
1 person	265	...	...	13,260	...	...
2 persons	345	...	...	17,535	...	...
3 persons	105	...	...	6,050	...	...
4 persons	110	...	...	4,840	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	2,280	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,930	...	...	98,290	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	1,665	820	845	85,175	42,710	42,465
Married or living common law	1,050	530	525	51,690	25,845	25,840
Married	785	390	390	28,160	14,100	14,060
Living common law	265	135	130	23,525	11,750	11,780
Not married and not living common law	615	295	320	33,485	16,860	16,625
Never married	375	200	175	21,610	12,290	9,315
Separated	55	30	25	1,015	530	485
Divorced	60	30	35	5,705	2,780	2,920
Widowed	125	40	85	5,165	1,265	3,905
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	590	...	...	29,745	...	...
2 persons	340	...	...	17,565	...	...
3 persons	105	...	...	5,720	...	...
4 persons	110	...	...	4,620	...	...
5 or more persons	35	...	...	1,840	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	590	...	...	29,745	...	...
Total couple families	515	...	...	25,460	...	...
Married couples	385	...	...	13,705	...	...
Common-law couples	135	...	...	11,760	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	75	...	...	4,285	...	...
Female parent	60	...	...	3,075	...	...
Male parent	20	...	...	1,210	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	515	...	...	25,460	...	...
Couples without children	300	...	...	14,895	...	...
Couples with children	215	...	...	10,570	...	...
1 child	85	...	...	4,470	...	...
2 children	100	...	...	4,345	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	1,755	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	4,285	...	...
1 child	45	...	...	2,675	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	1,250	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	330	185	150	17,720	9,445	8,270
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	870	...	...	43,965	...	...
One-census-family households	565	...	...	29,115	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	295	...	...	14,615	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	275	...	...	14,500	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	15	...	...	315	...	...
Non-census-family households	295	...	...	14,535	...	...
One-person households	265	...	...	13,260	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	25	...	...	1,275	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,940	975	965	99,245	49,920	49,325
English only	905	460	440	115	60	55
French only	90	40	45	75,000	36,410	38,590
English and French	930	465	465	24,065	13,405	10,655
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	70	40	30
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,940	975	970	99,240	49,920	49,330
English	1,270	630	640	990	485	505
French	650	335	320	98,010	49,305	48,700
English and French	5	0	0	180	85	90
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	65	40	30
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	655	330	320	1,075	530	550
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	33.8	33.8	33.0	1.1	1.1	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,935	970	965	99,245	49,920	49,325
Single responses	1,895	955	940	98,720	49,695	49,030
Official languages	1,835	930	905	97,840	49,210	48,635
English	1,170	590	580	900	440	465
French	660	340	325	96,940	48,775	48,170
Non-official languages	60	25	35	880	480	395
Aboriginal languages	10	10	5	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	5	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	20	30	870	480	390
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	70	40	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	65	40	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	5	65	40	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	5	25	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	15	600	345	260
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	55	30	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	55	25	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	65	35	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	45	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	30	25	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	5	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	440	245	190
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	100	65	35
Portuguese	5	5	0	55	35	25
Romanian	0	0	0	20	5	5
Spanish	0	0	5	260	135	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Chinese languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	15	25	520	230	295
English and French	35	15	20	370	160	210
English and non-official language	5	5	0	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	50	65
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,940	970	965	99,245	49,915	49,325
Single responses	1,890	950	940	98,680	49,635	49,045
Official languages	1,875	940	930	98,390	49,475	48,910
English	1,480	750	730	565	275	295
French	390	195	195	97,820	49,205	48,620
Non-official languages	15	5	10	290	155	135
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	5	15	290	155	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	20	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	10	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	5	185	100	80
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	15	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	145	80	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Spanish	0	0	0	110	65	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	0	40	15	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	5	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	25	565	280	280
English and French	45	20	25	330	165	165
English and non-official language	5	5	0	15	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	200	100	100
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,940	970	970	99,240	49,920	49,325
None	1,465	740	730	95,595	48,035	47,550
English	180	85	95	2,725	1,455	1,270
French	280	145	135	400	180	215
Non-official language	15	5	5	415	190	220
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5	0	5	410	190	220
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	85	40	45
French and non-official language	5	5	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,630	805	825	83,125	41,905	41,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,590	800	790	80,780	40,965	39,810
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,816	55,398	24,341	29,256	35,065	23,851
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,590	800	790	80,805	40,970	39,835
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,429	47,616	22,490	26,609	31,133	22,450
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,415	730	690	69,020	36,235	32,785
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,029	54,336	20,608	26,163	31,656	20,897
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,115	490	625	64,905	31,705	33,200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,240	8,768	7,323	8,803	8,528	9,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,135	600	535	54,125	29,115	25,005
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,413	54,336	21,536	27,575	32,399	23,311
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	1,655	825	835	83,040	41,885	41,155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,590	805	785	80,790	41,040	39,745
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,022	54,029	33,811	36,421	42,620	30,021
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,590	805	790	80,805	41,040	39,770
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,625	45,707	29,378	30,887	35,395	26,235
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,410	720	690	69,160	36,440	32,720
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,863	53,160	30,088	33,603	39,954	26,530
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,145	510	630	65,020	31,770	33,245
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,718	10,218	9,313	9,511	9,227	9,783
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,100	605	500	54,130	29,170	24,960
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,931	50,027	32,103	33,782	38,532	28,232
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	1,655	825	835	83,035	41,885	41,155
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	460	285	180	23,020	12,940	10,085
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	58,118	61,006	52,011	40,969	45,448	36,093
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,964	63,183	52,262	47,141	52,179	40,675
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.4	89.4	78.1	78.7	82.8	72.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.5	71.1	61.9	62.6	64.9	59.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.0	11.0	21.7	21.3	17.2	27.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	1,630	810	825	83,125	41,905	41,220
Without total income	45	10	30	2,350	940	1,410
With total income	1,590	800	790	80,775	40,965	39,815
Percentage with total income	97.5	98.8	95.8	97.2	97.8	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	200	55	150	9,705	3,865	5,840
$10,000 to $19,999	245	70	170	17,435	6,895	10,545
$20,000 to $29,999	225	90	135	14,125	6,540	7,585
$30,000 to $39,999	165	65	100	11,815	6,330	5,490
$40,000 to $49,999	140	60	80	9,655	5,440	4,220
$50,000 to $59,999	170	115	60	6,140	3,725	2,415
$60,000 to $69,999	140	115	30	4,035	2,655	1,380
$70,000 to $79,999	90	70	20	2,870	1,845	1,025
$80,000 to $89,999	60	45	15	1,695	1,150	545
$90,000 to $99,999	55	35	20	985	725	265
$100,000 and over	90	75	15	2,325	1,805	520
$100,000 to $149,999	85	70	10	1,670	1,290	375
$150,000 and over	15	5	5	655	515	140
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,630	810	825	83,125	41,905	41,220
Without after-tax income	40	10	35	2,320	940	1,385
With after-tax income	1,590	800	795	80,800	40,970	39,835
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	98.8	96.4	97.2	97.8	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	210	55	155	10,125	3,960	6,165
$10,000 to $19,999	265	85	185	18,295	7,295	11,000
$20,000 to $29,999	255	100	155	17,190	8,260	8,935
$30,000 to $39,999	170	75	100	14,570	8,220	6,345
$40,000 to $49,999	215	125	95	9,225	5,540	3,685
$50,000 to $59,999	195	155	40	5,255	3,390	1,870
$60,000 to $69,999	105	80	25	2,920	1,880	1,040
$70,000 to $79,999	80	55	25	1,305	960	350
$80,000 and over	90	75	15	1,925	1,465	460
$80,000 to $89,999	45	35	10	700	515	185
$90,000 to $99,999	30	30	0	360	275	85
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	865	675	190
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	1,630	810	820	83,125	41,905	41,225
Without employment income	495	205	290	29,005	12,790	16,215
With employment income	1,135	600	535	54,125	29,115	25,005
Percentage with employment income	69.6	74.1	65.2	65.1	69.5	60.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	165	70	95	7,475	3,935	3,540
$5,000 to $9,999	95	30	60	4,385	1,900	2,480
$10,000 to $19,999	145	50	100	8,815	3,855	4,960
$20,000 to $29,999	105	35	75	8,245	3,930	4,310
$30,000 to $39,999	95	35	60	7,335	3,865	3,475
$40,000 to $49,999	85	45	40	5,715	3,275	2,435
$50,000 to $59,999	120	85	35	3,805	2,460	1,345
$60,000 to $69,999	100	80	15	2,700	1,850	850
$70,000 to $79,999	60	45	15	2,190	1,415	780
$80,000 and over	155	125	35	3,465	2,635	830
$80,000 to $89,999	50	35	10	1,140	815	325
$90,000 to $99,999	45	30	20	700	520	175
$100,000 and over	65	60	10	1,625	1,295	330
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	870	...	...	43,965	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	72,128	...	...	54,327	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,312	...	...	48,547	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	265	...	...	13,260	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,424	...	...	26,558	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,608	...	...	24,860	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	605	...	...	30,705	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,832	...	...	69,079	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,336	...	...	60,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	870	...	...	43,925	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,594	...	...	66,985	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,883	...	...	56,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	255	...	...	13,290	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,909	...	...	35,995	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,663	...	...	30,678	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	620	...	...	30,635	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,813	...	...	80,429	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,459	...	...	68,158	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	870	...	...	43,965	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	380	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	710	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	1,485	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	40	...	...	2,655	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	50	...	...	2,455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	40	...	...	2,080	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	2,900	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	30	...	...	2,660	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	2,455	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	2,345	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	65	...	...	4,075	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	65	...	...	3,635	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	70	...	...	3,150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	60	...	...	2,695	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	45	...	...	2,135	...	...
$100,000 and over	270	...	...	8,160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	110	...	...	3,800	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	70	...	...	2,010	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	65	...	...	1,565	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	790	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	870	...	...	43,965	...	...
Under $5,000	10	...	...	415	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	715	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	1,495	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	2,785	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	55	...	...	2,720	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	50	...	...	2,520	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	40	...	...	3,370	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	35	...	...	3,170	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	40	...	...	2,855	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	35	...	...	2,705	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	90	...	...	4,825	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	85	...	...	4,095	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	65	...	...	3,290	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	70	...	...	2,470	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	65	...	...	1,900	...	...
$100,000 and over	170	...	...	4,625	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	85	...	...	2,700	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	1,045	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	885	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	590	...	...	29,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,960	...	...	69,290	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,144	...	...	60,841	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	290	...	...	14,330	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,472	...	...	60,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,912	...	...	53,129	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	10,635	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,552	...	...	94,435	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,144	...	...	81,246	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	4,130	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,768	...	...	47,326	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,160	...	...	44,032	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	590	...	...	29,750	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,810	...	...	80,683	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,127	...	...	68,303	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	290	...	...	14,215	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,677	...	...	71,150	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,292	...	...	60,066	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	225	...	...	10,640	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,290	...	...	104,392	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,641	...	...	87,571	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	4,125	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,350	...	...	53,053	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,250	...	...	47,350	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	300	170	140	15,770	8,565	7,200
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,320	45,184	26,240	25,127	29,404	22,334
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,568	39,424	25,216	23,908	26,633	21,741
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	310	180	125	15,775	8,485	7,290
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,989	44,823	33,174	34,362	39,229	28,698
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,073	38,641	30,041	29,400	32,684	25,579
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,930	965	965	98,295	49,575	48,725
In the bottom half of the distribution	870	410	465	63,905	31,700	32,210
In the bottom decile	150	70	80	8,970	4,430	4,540
In the second decile	155	70	85	13,675	6,345	7,320
In the third decile	170	75	90	14,335	7,150	7,185
In the fourth decile	165	75	90	14,185	7,190	6,995
In the fifth decile	230	120	110	12,740	6,575	6,165
In the top half of the distribution	1,055	555	505	34,385	17,875	16,515
In the sixth decile	235	120	120	11,370	5,850	5,515
In the seventh decile	215	120	100	9,105	4,740	4,360
In the eighth decile	255	130	120	6,815	3,575	3,235
In the ninth decile	245	120	120	4,505	2,360	2,145
In the top decile	100	60	45	2,605	1,345	1,255
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,930	965	965	98,290	49,575	48,720
0 to 17 years	365	185	185	18,085	9,110	8,970
0 to 5 years	105	50	50	6,200	3,125	3,070
18 to 64 years	1,200	605	595	60,460	30,630	29,825
65 years and over	360	180	185	19,755	9,825	9,920
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	245	105	135	15,865	7,525	8,340
0 to 17 years	55	35	25	2,950	1,480	1,475
0 to 5 years	20	10	10	965	485	485
18 to 64 years	130	55	75	8,475	4,160	4,315
65 years and over	55	25	35	4,440	1,885	2,555
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.7	10.9	14.0	16.1	15.2	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	15.1	18.9	13.5	16.3	16.2	16.4
0 to 5 years (%)	19.0	20.0	20.0	15.6	15.5	15.8
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	9.1	12.6	14.0	13.6	14.5
65 years and over (%)	15.3	13.9	18.9	22.5	19.2	25.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	70	35	35	5,025	2,635	2,390
0 to 17 years	25	10	15	820	415	400
0 to 5 years	10	5	10	245	125	120
18 to 64 years	45	25	25	3,960	2,120	1,840
65 years and over	0	0	0	245	95	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.6	3.6	3.6	5.1	5.3	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	5.4	8.1	4.5	4.6	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	9.5	10.0	20.0	4.0	4.0	3.9
18 to 64 years (%)	3.8	4.1	4.2	6.5	6.9	6.2
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.2	1.0	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,940	970	970	98,190	49,560	48,635
Official languages	1,895	955	935	98,110	49,525	48,590
English	1,770	900	875	24,020	13,610	10,415
French	1,030	525	505	97,995	49,465	48,535
Non-official languages	125	60	65	2,705	1,290	1,415
Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	115	50	65	2,700	1,295	1,410
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	15	35	135	80	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	35	20	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	10	35	105	65	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	45	10	35	105	65	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	10	20	0	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	20	0	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	65	45	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	30	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	25	15	2,250	1,050	1,200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	100	45	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	105	45	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	30	10	20
Russian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	200	110	95
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	40	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	155	80	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	10	90	55	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	20	10	1,895	850	1,050
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italian	0	10	0	245	105	135
Portuguese	15	10	0	110	75	35
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	10	10	10	1,565	680	890
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	155	85	70
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	65	35	30
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	95	60	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chinese languages	0	0	10	25	15	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	25	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	35	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,940	965	975	98,190	49,555	48,630
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,885	955	930	97,720	49,335	48,390
Canadian citizens aged under 18	325	170	155	17,910	9,000	8,910
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	1,560	780	775	79,815	40,330	39,480
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	55	20	40	470	230	245
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,940	965	970	98,195	49,560	48,635
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,820	920	905	96,515	48,745	47,775
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	115	45	70	1,590	765	825
Before 1981	50	30	15	575	300	275
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	260	150	110
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	235	100	140
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	330	160	175
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	135	60	75
2006 to 2010	10	0	0	200	105	95
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	50	10	40	190	55	130
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	85	55	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	115	45	70	1,590	765	830
Under 5 years	35	10	25	250	110	140
5 to 14 years	20	10	15	280	130	150
15 to 24 years	15	10	10	365	165	200
25 to 44 years	40	20	20	615	330	285
45 years and over	10	0	0	80	25	45
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	115	45	70	1,595	765	825
Americas	10	0	0	345	160	180
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	25	10	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	70	30	35
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	30	10	25
Peru	0	0	0	20	15	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	95	40	50
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	95	50	50
Europe	55	30	20	910	455	455
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	455	205	245
Germany	0	10	0	25	0	20
Greece	0	0	0	30	25	10
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	70	45	30
Netherlands	0	0	0	15	0	10
Poland	0	0	0	20	10	15
Portugal	15	10	10	55	35	20
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	10	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	0	10	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	170	85	85
Africa	0	0	0	180	100	75
Algeria	0	0	0	35	20	20
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	45	30	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	85	50	35
Asia	50	15	40	155	45	105
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	50	10	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	15	55	30	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	50	10	40	190	55	130
Americas	0	0	0	70	25	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	40	10	35
Europe	0	0	0	75	25	50
France	0	0	0	45	15	30
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	25	10	15
Africa	0	0	0	35	0	30
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10
Asia	50	10	35	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,940	970	975	98,195	49,560	48,635
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	125	45	70	1,790	890	900
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	80	45	25	2,340	1,130	1,205
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,740	870	870	94,070	47,540	46,525
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	60	10	55	1,055	480	575
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	455	235	220
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	260	165	90
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	190	70	125
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	0	20	465	170	300
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	15	35	130	75	55
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,940	965	970	98,190	49,560	48,635
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	295	165	135	1,370	725	645
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	285	150	135	1,290	680	610
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	140	70	70	655	335	320
Métis	145	80	65	630	340	290
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	30	20	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	55	25	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,645	805	835	96,820	48,835	47,990
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,940	970	970	98,190	49,560	48,635
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	120	60	55	370	205	165
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,820	900	920	97,825	49,355	48,470
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,940	970	975	98,195	49,560	48,630
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	75	45	30	1,075	570	505
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	70	40	25	1,020	535	485
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	55	35	15	825	445	380
Métis single ancestry	15	0	10	175	85	85
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	55	30	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	10	55	30	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	305	150	150	2,495	1,245	1,255
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	280	130	145	2,470	1,240	1,225
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	60	90	2,090	1,015	1,075
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	70	55	370	215	155
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	20	0	30	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	20	10	30	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,560	770	790	94,620	47,745	46,880
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,940	970	970	98,195	49,555	48,635
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	75	20	55	930	415	515
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese	15	10	10	75	0	70
Black	0	0	0	290	125	160
Filipino	0	0	0	25	0	20
Latin American	0	0	0	205	80	120
Arab	45	10	35	135	75	60
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	110	55	60
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	35	30	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,865	945	915	97,265	49,150	48,120
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,935	965	975	98,195	49,560	48,635
North American Aboriginal origins	380	200	180	3,570	1,815	1,755
First Nations (North American Indian)	235	120	115	2,995	1,495	1,500
Inuit	0	0	0	35	15	20
Métis	180	100	75	625	335	285
Other North American origins	1,120	555	565	80,725	40,665	40,060
Acadian	0	0	0	430	215	210
American	10	0	0	405	180	225
Canadian	1,120	555	560	77,900	39,195	38,705
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Québécois	0	0	0	2,920	1,465	1,455
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	1,310	630	685	28,350	14,405	13,945
British Isles origins	645	270	370	5,635	2,805	2,830
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	300	135	170	940	455	485
Irish	270	85	180	3,865	1,875	1,995
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	240	110	135	1,230	670	565
Welsh	20	15	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	20	15	10	60	30	35
French origins	815	390	425	22,335	11,405	10,930
Alsatian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Breton	0	0	0	185	95	90
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	815	385	425	22,175	11,330	10,850
Western European origins (except French origins)	95	40	50	1,620	755	865
Austrian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	0	0	0	540	235	305
Dutch	10	10	0	115	50	70
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	30	45	815	375	435
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	15	0	15	165	90	75
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	65	40	20	95	45	55
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	50	35	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Swedish	20	10	10	25	10	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	15	10	15
Eastern European origins	45	25	20	460	190	265
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	10	25	10	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	20	190	70	115
Romanian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Russian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Slovak	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	110	55	60	1,920	1,015	905
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	135	85	50
Italian	70	40	35	1,340	665	675
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	10	15	200	125	80
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	285	160	125
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	125	85	45
Basque	0	0	0	50	35	15
Jewish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	265	110	150
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dominican	0	0	0	40	15	25
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	180	85	100
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	15	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	315	135	180
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Chilean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Colombian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	110	30	75
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	0	25	15	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	0	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	10
African origins	0	0	0	355	170	190
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	40	20	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	260	135	120
Algerian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	55	30	20
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	100	55	45
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	45	30	15
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	20	0	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	55	15	35
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	50	20	35
Asian origins	70	20	50	365	130	240
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	45	10	35	120	50	70
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	45	10	35	25	0	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	25	10	15	235	70	160
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Chinese	10	10	0	115	30	80
Filipino	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Laotian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	870	...	...	43,925	...	...
Owner	620	...	...	33,550	...	...
Renter	250	...	...	10,380	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	870	...	...	43,930	...	...
Condominium	25	...	...	1,310	...	...
Not condominium	850	...	...	42,620	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	865	...	...	43,925	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	80	...	...	4,435	...	...
2 bedrooms	200	...	...	14,505	...	...
3 bedrooms	380	...	...	15,865	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	200	...	...	9,085	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	870	...	...	43,930	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	195	...	...	11,240	...	...
5 rooms	125	...	...	8,525	...	...
6 rooms	160	...	...	6,945	...	...
7 rooms	175	...	...	6,130	...	...
8 or more rooms	210	...	...	11,090	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	870	...	...	43,925	...	...
One person or fewer per room	870	...	...	43,820	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	870	...	...	43,930	...	...
Suitable	860	...	...	43,055	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	870	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	865	...	...	43,925	...	...
1960 or before	435	...	...	11,075	...	...
1961 to 1980	280	...	...	13,170	...	...
1981 to 1990	80	...	...	6,150	...	...
1991 to 2000	65	...	...	5,620	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	2,240	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	3,155	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	2,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	870	...	...	43,925	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	750	...	...	41,010	...	...
Major repairs needed	120	...	...	2,915	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	870	...	...	43,930	...	...
1 household maintainer	535	...	...	28,190	...	...
2 household maintainers	325	...	...	15,455	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	870	...	...	43,925	...	...
15 to 24 years	25	...	...	900	...	...
25 to 34 years	140	...	...	5,010	...	...
35 to 44 years	120	...	...	6,425	...	...
45 to 54 years	135	...	...	8,160	...	...
55 to 64 years	205	...	...	10,540	...	...
65 to 74 years	100	...	...	8,335	...	...
75 to 84 years	100	...	...	3,590	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	865	...	...	43,140	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	720	...	...	36,070	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	150	...	...	7,065	...	...
30% to less than 100%	135	...	...	6,415	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	610	...	...	32,890	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	44.7	...	...	58.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.8	...	...	11.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	897	...	...	742	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	924	...	...	833	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	95,127	...	...	174,958	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	119,358	...	...	195,102	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	255	...	...	10,300	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	22.0	...	...	8.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.3	...	...	31.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	684	...	...	592	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	697	...	...	625	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,655	825	835	83,035	41,880	41,155
No certificate, diploma or degree	495	250	245	22,055	11,480	10,575
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	360	170	185	18,955	8,785	10,165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	795	400	400	42,030	21,615	20,415
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	150	130	20	18,890	12,380	6,515
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	65	60	0	13,010	7,505	5,510
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	90	65	15	5,880	4,875	1,005
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	460	210	245	13,430	5,375	8,060
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	2,165	790	1,375
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	180	55	125	7,545	3,075	4,470
Bachelor's degree	155	45	110	5,475	2,065	3,410
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	645	230	415
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	180	105	75
Master's degree	15	10	10	1,090	575	520
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	155	100	55
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,040	545	490	53,875	27,360	26,515
No certificate, diploma or degree	215	140	80	10,890	6,185	4,705
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	245	110	130	11,400	5,425	5,975
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	580	300	280	31,585	15,745	15,835
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	95	85	10	14,605	9,230	5,375
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	45	45	0	10,060	5,510	4,560
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	45	40	10	4,540	3,720	820
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	340	180	165	9,740	3,820	5,925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	1,375	495	880
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	135	40	95	5,860	2,200	3,660
Bachelor's degree	115	35	80	4,325	1,535	2,790
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	430	115	320
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	130	55	70
Master's degree	0	0	0	860	425	435
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	115	65	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,655	825	835	83,040	41,880	41,155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	855	425	435	41,005	20,270	20,735
Education	60	20	35	3,290	685	2,600
13. Education	60	25	40	3,290	685	2,605
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	10	0	1,110	505	605
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	190	150	40
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	925	350	570
Humanities	20	0	20	1,600	655	950
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	80	20	60
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	945	395	550
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	95	60	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	110	60	50
54. History	10	0	10	115	75	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	230	25	200
Social and behavioural sciences and law	60	20	40	2,570	680	1,885
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	30	20	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	240	60	185
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	10	15	870	50	820
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	400	145	255
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	85	20	60
42. Psychology	0	0	10	570	170	400
45. Social sciences	30	10	15	375	225	155
Business, management and public administration	90	20	80	8,075	2,205	5,870
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	410	90	325
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	90	20	75	7,650	2,110	5,535
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	10	0	945	555	385
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	285	140	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	110	65	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	210	100	105
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	230	180	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	10	0	115	65	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	10	0	805	465	340
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	670	410	260
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	15	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	50	30	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	170	165	0	12,330	11,655	675
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	215	115	100
14. Engineering	0	0	0	625	560	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	1,835	1,645	195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	55	55	0	3,200	3,100	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	75	0	3,665	3,565	100
48. Precision production	25	25	10	2,795	2,675	115
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	50	10	1,460	980	480
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	1,000	615	390
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	45	0	455	365	90
Health and related fields	175	25	150	5,280	815	4,470
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	10	300	125	175
51. Health professions and related programs	160	15	150	4,950	670	4,280
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	30	20	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	140	85	55	4,560	2,415	2,150
12. Personal and culinary services	55	10	45	2,420	545	1,875
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	10
43. Security and protective services	40	25	10	625	480	145
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	1,490	1,375	120
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,035	545	490	53,875	27,360	26,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	460	245	210	22,295	11,615	10,675
Education	35	10	25	2,005	385	1,620
13. Education	35	10	25	2,005	385	1,620
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	830	370	460
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	145	115	30
50. Visual and performing arts	10	10	0	690	255	435
Humanities	20	0	20	935	385	555
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	60	15	40
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	520	230	290
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	50	30	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	50	35	20
54. History	10	0	10	80	50	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	150	15	135
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	10	35	2,050	480	1,570
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	30	15	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	215	45	170
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	730	40	690
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	310	90	215
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	15	45
42. Psychology	10	0	0	430	125	305
45. Social sciences	20	10	15	290	160	130
Business, management and public administration	85	10	70	6,495	1,645	4,845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	355	60	295
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	85	10	70	6,135	1,585	4,555
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	545	330	220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	220	110	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	70	50	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	170	130	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	10	0	75	35	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	695	390	300
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	600	360	245
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	10	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	125	125	0	9,160	8,585	575
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	175	80	95
14. Engineering	0	0	0	485	425	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	1,375	1,200	175
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	50	50	0	2,315	2,240	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	50	50	0	2,735	2,665	70
48. Precision production	25	20	10	2,075	1,980	95
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	40	0	1,170	755	420
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	790	465	330
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	40	0	380	290	90
Health and related fields	110	25	85	4,145	620	3,530
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	10	0	240	100	135
51. Health professions and related programs	90	10	80	3,885	505	3,380
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	15	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	110	65	40	3,545	1,800	1,740
12. Personal and culinary services	35	0	30	1,905	380	1,520
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	10	455	340	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	1,160	1,060	100
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,655	825	830	83,035	41,885	41,155
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	855	420	435	41,005	20,270	20,735
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	800	395	400	42,030	21,610	20,415
Location of study inside Canada	775	390	385	41,555	21,330	20,225
Same as province or territory of residence	750	375	375	41,150	21,130	20,020
Different than province or territory of residence	25	10	10	405	200	200
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	10	15	480	285	195
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	70	45	25
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	10	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	10	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	230	130	100
Other	0	0	0	170	105	65
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,035	550	490	53,880	27,360	26,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	460	245	210	22,295	11,615	10,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	580	300	280	31,580	15,745	15,840
Location of study inside Canada	565	295	270	31,265	15,585	15,680
Same as province or territory of residence	545	285	260	30,985	15,455	15,530
Different than province or territory of residence	20	10	10	285	135	150
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	10	320	160	155
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	45	25	20
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	0	10	0
France	0	0	0	155	70	80
Other	0	0	0	110	55	50
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	1,650	825	835	83,040	41,880	41,155
In the labour force	995	545	450	49,295	26,260	23,035
Employed	890	475	415	45,755	24,100	21,655
Unemployed	105	70	40	3,540	2,155	1,380
Not in the labour force	655	280	380	33,745	15,625	18,120
Participation rate	60.3	66.1	53.9	59.4	62.7	56.0
Employment rate	53.9	57.6	49.7	55.1	57.5	52.6
Unemployment rate	10.6	12.8	8.9	7.2	8.2	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	1,655	820	835	83,035	41,885	41,150
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	565	230	335	31,680	14,310	17,375
Worked	1,090	590	495	51,355	27,575	23,780
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	480	295	185	23,620	13,305	10,310
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	605	295	310	27,735	14,265	13,470
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.3	41.7	40.8	42.4	42.4	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	995	545	455	49,295	26,260	23,035
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	940	450	495
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	990	540	450	48,355	25,810	22,540
Employee	895	470	420	41,680	21,570	20,115
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	95	70	25	6,675	4,245	2,430
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	995	545	450	49,295	26,260	23,040
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	940	445	495
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	985	540	445	48,355	25,815	22,545
0 Management occupations	40	25	20	4,435	2,960	1,475
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	85	10	75	6,260	1,450	4,810
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	40	30	10	1,830	1,375	460
3 Health occupations	70	10	65	3,250	465	2,785
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	150	35	110	4,860	1,125	3,735
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	0	785	360	425
6 Sales and service occupations	210	55	155	10,875	4,165	6,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	255	245	15	10,395	9,880	520
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	60	60	0	1,405	1,080	325
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	70	65	0	4,255	2,955	1,305
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	995	545	455	49,300	26,260	23,035
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	0	940	445	495
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	990	540	445	48,355	25,810	22,545
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	85	80	0	2,420	1,765	660
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	0	95	80	15
22 Utilities	15	0	10	315	245	70
23 Construction	45	35	0	4,625	4,060	560
31-33 Manufacturing	115	105	10	7,735	5,715	2,020
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	1,500	1,085	415
44-45 Retail trade	100	40	60	5,870	2,695	3,165
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	135	115	20	2,570	1,980	590
51 Information and cultural industries	15	10	0	490	290	195
52 Finance and insurance	10	10	10	1,085	250	830
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	10	500	280	220
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	10	10	1,885	930	955
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	25	15	0	1,750	1,140	610
61 Educational services	95	0	85	2,815	665	2,145
62 Health care and social assistance	125	10	120	6,010	930	5,085
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	715	375	345
72 Accommodation and food services	60	10	50	3,050	920	2,120
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	10	20	2,985	1,435	1,550
91 Public administration	95	65	30	1,950	960	990
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	885	475	410	45,755	24,100	21,660
Worked at home	45	15	25	3,680	1,820	1,860
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	75	60	20
No fixed workplace address	115	115	10	4,670	3,655	1,015
Worked at usual place	730	350	380	37,330	18,565	18,760
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	730	350	380	37,330	18,565	18,765
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	685	325	360	10,935	5,195	5,740
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20	10	10	7,160	3,490	3,670
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	10	15	19,155	9,825	9,330
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	75	55	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	850	460	390	42,000	22,225	19,775
Car, truck, van - as a driver	625	335	290	37,630	20,075	17,555
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	40	25	20	1,410	620	785
Public transit	10	10	0	325	125	200
Walked	155	85	70	2,040	1,025	1,020
Bicycle	0	0	0	230	190	45
Other method	10	0	0	360	180	175
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	845	460	390	42,000	22,220	19,780
Less than 15 minutes	695	355	340	13,115	6,465	6,650
15 to 29 minutes	105	70	30	13,805	6,715	7,090
30 to 44 minutes	15	10	10	7,900	4,235	3,660
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	3,295	2,065	1,225
60 minutes and over	30	25	0	3,890	2,745	1,150
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	845	455	390	42,000	22,225	19,780
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	35	15	3,715	2,895	825
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	200	170	35	8,630	5,545	3,085
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	165	75	95	12,945	6,150	6,800
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	200	45	150	6,840	2,430	4,410
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	90	60	35	2,810	895	1,915
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	140	80	60	7,055	4,305	2,750
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	1,100	595	505	52,770	28,190	24,580
Single responses	1,065	575	495	51,785	27,580	24,200
Official languages	1,060	570	495	51,760	27,570	24,190
English	935	505	430	680	420	260
French	130	60	65	51,085	27,150	23,930
Non-official languages	10	0	0	25	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	25	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	25	10	990	610	375
English and French	30	25	15	900	570	330
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	30	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	1,100	595	505	52,775	28,190	24,580
None	745	400	340	46,460	24,305	22,155
English	55	35	25	5,665	3,495	2,160
French	295	160	135	530	320	210
Non-official language	0	0	0	80	40	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	80	45	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	30	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,930	965	965	97,305	49,120	48,185
Non-movers	1,640	845	795	88,865	45,030	43,835
Movers	290	120	170	8,435	4,085	4,345
Non-migrants	200	90	110	3,575	1,730	1,840
Migrants	90	35	55	4,860	2,360	2,500
Internal migrants	55	25	30	4,785	2,325	2,455
Intraprovincial migrants	55	25	30	4,730	2,295	2,435
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	55	30	20
External migrants	35	10	30	80	35	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,835	910	925	92,975	46,930	46,055
Non-movers	1,170	590	580	66,595	34,025	32,570
Movers	670	325	345	26,385	12,900	13,485
Non-migrants	425	205	220	10,980	5,325	5,655
Migrants	240	115	125	15,405	7,575	7,835
Internal migrants	210	105	110	15,180	7,475	7,710
Intraprovincial migrants	180	90	95	15,060	7,415	7,645
Interprovincial migrants	30	15	15	120	55	65
External migrants	30	10	15	220	100	125

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Chapleau, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario and Berthier--Maskinongé [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chapleau, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Berthier--Maskinongé [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Chapleau, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Berthier--Maskinongé [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chapleau, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Berthier--Maskinongé [Federal electoral district], Quebec