Census Profile, 2016 Census
Algoma, District [Census division], Ontario and Onoway, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Algoma, DIS Ontario [Census division]			Onoway, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Algoma, District [Census division], Ontario Map : Algoma, District [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Onoway, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	114,094	...	...	1,029	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	115,870	...	...	1,039	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.5	...	...	-1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	60,324	...	...	374	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	51,071	...	...	355	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.3	...	...	310.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	48,814.88	...	...	3.32	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	114,095	55,810	58,285	1,030	510	520
0 to 14 years	16,025	8,240	7,785	195	85	110
0 to 4 years	5,320	2,715	2,600	50	25	25
5 to 9 years	5,360	2,815	2,545	65	25	40
10 to 14 years	5,350	2,705	2,645	80	35	40
15 to 64 years	71,160	35,050	36,105	650	340	315
15 to 19 years	5,755	3,050	2,700	80	45	35
20 to 24 years	6,345	3,300	3,045	60	30	25
25 to 29 years	5,990	3,010	2,980	50	25	25
30 to 34 years	5,810	2,840	2,965	50	25	25
35 to 39 years	5,770	2,750	3,015	55	30	25
40 to 44 years	5,935	2,865	3,070	80	40	40
45 to 49 years	6,840	3,365	3,475	60	35	30
50 to 54 years	9,005	4,300	4,705	85	40	45
55 to 59 years	10,315	4,940	5,375	60	35	25
60 to 64 years	9,395	4,615	4,775	70	40	35
65 years and over	26,905	12,515	14,390	180	85	100
65 to 69 years	8,575	4,250	4,330	35	25	15
70 to 74 years	6,325	3,015	3,310	35	10	20
75 to 79 years	4,895	2,310	2,585	30	10	20
80 to 84 years	3,695	1,685	2,010	40	20	20
85 years and over	3,415	1,250	2,160	45	15	30
85 to 89 years	2,265	920	1,345	30	10	15
90 to 94 years	910	280	630	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	215	45	170	5	5	0
100 years and over	20	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.0	14.8	13.4	18.9	16.7	21.2
15 to 64 years	62.4	62.8	61.9	63.1	66.7	60.6
65 years and over	23.6	22.4	24.7	17.5	16.7	19.2
85 years and over	3.0	2.2	3.7	4.4	2.9	5.8
Average age of the population	45.5	44.5	46.4	41.5	41.1	41.8
Median age of the population	49.0	47.7	50.1	41.7	41.7	41.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
Single-detached house	35,055	...	...	300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,615	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,005	...	...	35	...	...
Semi-detached house	3,160	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	1,615	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,710	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,385	...	...	25	...	...
Other single-attached house	135	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	395	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
1 person	16,165	...	...	80	...	...
2 persons	20,030	...	...	120	...	...
3 persons	7,085	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	5,390	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	2,395	...	...	45	...	...
Number of persons in private households	112,050	...	...	955	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	98,065	47,565	50,500	835	425	410
Married or living common law	56,835	28,430	28,405	480	240	240
Married	46,125	23,090	23,040	370	185	185
Living common law	10,710	5,345	5,360	105	50	50
Not married and not living common law	41,235	19,135	22,095	355	180	175
Never married	23,435	12,900	10,535	200	125	75
Separated	3,305	1,565	1,735	15	5	10
Divorced	6,560	2,920	3,640	65	30	40
Widowed	7,935	1,750	6,190	75	20	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	33,900	...	...	275	...	...
2 persons	20,395	...	...	135	...	...
3 persons	6,665	...	...	50	...	...
4 persons	5,025	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	1,815	...	...	35	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	33,905	...	...	275	...	...
Total couple families	27,960	...	...	225	...	...
Married couples	22,605	...	...	170	...	...
Common-law couples	5,350	...	...	55	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,950	...	...	45	...	...
Female parent	4,605	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	1,345	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	27,955	...	...	225	...	...
Couples without children	16,505	...	...	105	...	...
Couples with children	11,450	...	...	120	...	...
1 child	5,170	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	4,600	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	1,690	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,945	...	...	45	...	...
1 child	3,890	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	1,500	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	560	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	21,425	10,170	11,260	135	70	65
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
One-census-family households	32,850	...	...	260	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	16,095	...	...	100	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,755	...	...	155	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	525	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	17,695	...	...	90	...	...
One-person households	16,165	...	...	80	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,530	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	112,730	55,325	57,410	1,025	510	515
English only	98,225	48,805	49,420	1,010	495	510
French only	405	185	215	0	0	0
English and French	13,730	6,205	7,525	20	10	10
Neither English nor French	370	125	245	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	112,730	55,320	57,410	1,025	510	520
English	105,780	52,035	53,740	1,020	505	515
French	6,435	3,080	3,355	10	5	5
English and French	170	90	75	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	350	120	230	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	6,515	3,125	3,395	10	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	5.8	5.6	5.9	1.0	1.0	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	112,730	55,325	57,410	1,030	510	515
Single responses	111,370	54,695	56,675	1,020	505	515
Official languages	102,660	50,480	52,180	970	485	485
English	95,835	47,245	48,590	955	475	480
French	6,830	3,240	3,590	15	5	5
Non-official languages	8,710	4,215	4,495	55	25	30
Aboriginal languages	520	230	290	10	10	5
Algonquian languages	500	225	280	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	10	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	5	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	485	210	270	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	480	215	270	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	5	5	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,190	3,985	4,200	45	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	230	180	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	225	180	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	215	175	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	65	10	50	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	10	45	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	30	5	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	5	5	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,550	3,160	3,395	30	15	20
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	955	435	520	10	5	5
Baltic languages	60	25	40	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	895	415	485	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Czech	50	30	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Polish	375	150	225	0	0	0
Russian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	25	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	190	90	105	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,455	680	775	15	5	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	5
Danish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dutch	230	110	115	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,095	515	580	15	10	5
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Swedish	35	15	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	25	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	290	160	135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	265	145	115	0	0	0
Bengali	45	25	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	75	40	35	0	0	0
Hindi	75	40	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,800	1,860	1,940	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	3,370	1,650	1,715	0	0	0
Portuguese	205	95	110	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	205	100	105	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	15	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	250	120	130	0	0	0
Chinese languages	240	115	130	0	0	0
Cantonese	100	50	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	60	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	870	400	475	0	0	0
Estonian	90	35	50	0	0	0
Finnish	675	310	370	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	50	55	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,360	625	735	5	0	0
English and French	660	300	360	0	0	5
English and non-official language	650	305	345	5	5	0
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	112,725	55,320	57,405	1,030	510	520
Single responses	111,105	54,550	56,555	1,015	500	510
Official languages	108,515	53,370	55,150	1,015	500	510
English	105,935	52,165	53,775	1,005	500	510
French	2,575	1,205	1,370	5	0	0
Non-official languages	2,590	1,180	1,410	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	135	60	75	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	130	60	70	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	130	60	75	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	130	60	70	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,455	1,115	1,340	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	105	80	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	105	80	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	105	80	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	5	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,855	810	1,045	5	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	75	115	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	185	80	110	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	95	35	55	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	400	190	205	5	0	0
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	365	180	190	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	130	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	120	60	60	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	20	0	0	0
Hindi	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,120	465	650	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	970	390	580	0	0	0
Portuguese	65	30	40	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	85	45	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	10	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	140	70	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages	135	70	65	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	45	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	205	85	120	0	0	0
Estonian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	155	65	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,625	775	850	10	10	5
English and French	395	180	215	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,200	590	615	10	5	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	112,730	55,320	57,410	1,030	510	520
None	103,890	51,280	52,610	980	490	490
English	2,335	1,080	1,255	10	5	5
French	3,255	1,400	1,855	5	5	5
Non-official language	3,195	1,535	1,660	35	15	25
Aboriginal	520	255	270	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	2,675	1,280	1,390	25	10	15
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	96,055	46,810	49,250	760	395	365
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	92,955	45,370	47,585	700	365	340
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,819	38,775	25,506	37,461	55,509	21,792
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	92,995	45,365	47,630	705	365	340
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,345	35,197	24,019	34,112	48,922	21,280
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,110	40,135	39,980	625	335	295
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,847	35,363	21,889	39,552	58,240	18,912
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,405	33,620	38,785	440	190	245
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,143	9,758	8,805	6,224	8,240	5,616
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,715	33,505	29,210	540	295	245
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,114	32,380	25,169	42,592	61,440	25,152
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	96,055	46,810	49,250	715	375	340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,900	45,270	47,630	665	355	310
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,833	48,331	33,708	58,249	69,486	45,585
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,945	45,265	47,670	665	355	310
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,952	40,625	29,564	47,888	56,425	38,267
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,970	40,100	39,870	590	315	275
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,549	46,180	30,873	60,215	72,899	45,634
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,225	33,550	38,675	380	165	215
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,841	10,016	9,690	8,674	9,296	8,193
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,715	33,365	29,350	515	290	230
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,213	43,374	32,347	57,502	73,168	37,751
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	96,055	46,805	49,250	720	375	340
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,835	14,115	11,715	280	175	105
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,062	63,740	45,316	64,762	72,671	46,860
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	60,134	67,394	51,387	72,643	83,559	53,425
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.4	84.9	76.6	89.7	92.4	84.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.0	66.1	58.8	78.8	84.0	68.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.6	15.1	23.4	10.6	7.6	16.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	96,055	46,805	49,250	760	395	365
Without total income	3,105	1,440	1,665	55	25	25
With total income	92,955	45,370	47,585	705	365	340
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.9	96.6	92.8	92.4	93.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,165	4,820	7,350	100	30	70
$10,000 to $19,999	17,265	6,330	10,930	130	50	80
$20,000 to $29,999	14,795	6,000	8,790	80	30	50
$30,000 to $39,999	12,175	6,195	5,980	65	30	35
$40,000 to $49,999	9,385	4,740	4,645	50	25	25
$50,000 to $59,999	6,760	3,715	3,050	50	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	4,930	2,895	2,035	45	30	15
$70,000 to $79,999	4,140	2,655	1,490	30	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,235	2,215	1,020	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,805	1,785	1,025	35	20	10
$100,000 and over	5,295	4,015	1,280	90	80	10
$100,000 to $149,999	4,195	3,180	1,020	70	65	10
$150,000 and over	1,100	840	260	20	20	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	96,055	46,805	49,250	760	395	365
Without after-tax income	3,055	1,435	1,620	55	30	25
With after-tax income	92,995	45,370	47,630	705	365	335
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	96.9	96.7	92.8	92.4	91.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,595	4,890	7,705	105	30	75
$10,000 to $19,999	17,925	6,615	11,315	130	45	85
$20,000 to $29,999	17,005	7,110	9,895	80	30	55
$30,000 to $39,999	13,915	7,240	6,685	85	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	10,040	5,350	4,690	65	35	30
$50,000 to $59,999	6,960	4,155	2,805	55	35	20
$60,000 to $69,999	5,205	3,465	1,735	40	25	10
$70,000 to $79,999	4,120	2,660	1,455	50	35	15
$80,000 and over	5,235	3,885	1,345	90	75	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,240	1,635	600	25	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,205	905	300	30	30	5
$100,000 and over	1,790	1,345	445	30	25	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	96,055	46,805	49,245	755	395	365
Without employment income	33,340	13,300	20,035	220	95	120
With employment income	62,715	33,510	29,210	540	295	245
Percentage with employment income	65.3	71.6	59.3	71.5	74.7	67.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	12,480	7,615	4,865	80	30	50
$5,000 to $9,999	5,280	2,215	3,060	30	5	20
$10,000 to $19,999	8,020	3,410	4,610	65	25	45
$20,000 to $29,999	6,800	2,870	3,930	30	15	15
$30,000 to $39,999	5,765	2,380	3,380	55	25	30
$40,000 to $49,999	5,250	2,355	2,890	50	30	20
$50,000 to $59,999	4,040	2,225	1,820	40	15	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,055	1,850	1,205	40	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,090	2,035	1,055	20	15	5
$80,000 and over	8,945	6,550	2,400	130	105	25
$80,000 to $89,999	2,600	1,815	785	30	20	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,395	1,545	845	30	15	5
$100,000 and over	3,955	3,190	770	80	70	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	58,664	...	...	89,003	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,127	...	...	76,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	16,165	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,601	...	...	42,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,739	...	...	37,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	34,910	...	...	280	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,449	...	...	104,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,896	...	...	87,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,278	...	...	108,578	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,607	...	...	89,265	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	16,165	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,090	...	...	49,632	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,048	...	...	42,021	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	34,900	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,039	...	...	126,898	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,761	...	...	103,947	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	595	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	820	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,035	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,470	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,120	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,475	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,680	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,725	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,605	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,385	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,140	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,555	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,200	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,755	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,430	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,080	...	...	155	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,820	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,285	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,320	...	...	40	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,655	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	51,075	...	...	355	...	...
Under $5,000	630	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	835	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	2,045	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,575	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,455	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,670	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,100	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,985	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,025	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,615	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,870	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,085	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,540	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,975	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,495	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,170	...	...	115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,455	...	...	60	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,435	...	...	30	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,285	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	33,810	...	...	270	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,879	...	...	105,216	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,159	...	...	87,680	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	15,785	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,640	...	...	82,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,011	...	...	71,168	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,605	...	...	115	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,372	...	...	126,208	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,861	...	...	102,400	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,610	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,146	...	...	73,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,150	...	...	65,024	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	33,795	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,533	...	...	128,309	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,075	...	...	104,987	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	15,685	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,913	...	...	115,689	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,283	...	...	95,499	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,625	...	...	110	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,077	...	...	152,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,229	...	...	123,653	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,605	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,597	...	...	94,476	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,953	...	...	79,238	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	19,340	9,225	10,115	115	60	50
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,015	30,464	25,102	36,288	47,488	23,744
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,500	28,006	24,088	33,088	41,920	23,552
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	19,305	9,290	10,015	120	75	45
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,270	38,857	33,870	43,405	48,432	34,843
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,598	33,248	30,068	36,757	40,202	30,890
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	112,050	55,035	57,025	950	480	470
In the bottom half of the distribution	60,585	28,690	31,895	415	205	215
In the bottom decile	12,490	6,020	6,470	70	35	30
In the second decile	13,025	5,580	7,450	90	35	55
In the third decile	12,430	5,875	6,560	90	45	50
In the fourth decile	11,645	5,695	5,950	85	45	45
In the fifth decile	10,990	5,525	5,465	85	45	40
In the top half of the distribution	51,465	26,340	25,130	535	275	260
In the sixth decile	10,465	5,225	5,240	125	60	65
In the seventh decile	10,805	5,485	5,325	70	30	40
In the eighth decile	11,435	5,890	5,540	130	70	65
In the ninth decile	11,225	5,830	5,395	115	65	55
In the top decile	7,535	3,915	3,620	100	55	45
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	108,825	53,435	55,390	955	480	475
0 to 17 years	18,435	9,520	8,915	240	115	125
0 to 5 years	6,060	3,135	2,920	65	25	40
18 to 64 years	65,370	32,075	33,295	600	310	290
65 years and over	25,025	11,850	13,180	115	55	55
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,630	7,970	9,665	100	50	50
0 to 17 years	4,025	2,095	1,925	25	15	10
0 to 5 years	1,535	795	740	10	0	5
18 to 64 years	10,460	4,815	5,640	60	30	35
65 years and over	3,150	1,060	2,095	10	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.2	14.9	17.4	10.5	10.4	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	21.8	22.0	21.6	10.4	13.0	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	25.3	25.4	25.3	15.4	0.0	12.5
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	15.0	16.9	10.0	9.7	12.1
65 years and over (%)	12.6	8.9	15.9	8.7	9.1	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,950	3,920	4,030	45	25	25
0 to 17 years	1,605	840	765	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	690	365	325	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	5,920	2,925	2,990	40	20	20
65 years and over	430	155	275	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.3	7.3	7.3	4.7	5.2	5.3
0 to 17 years (%)	8.7	8.8	8.6	2.1	4.3	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	11.4	11.6	11.1	7.7	20.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.1	9.1	9.0	6.7	6.5	6.9
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.3	2.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	112,050	55,030	57,020	955	465	485
Official languages	111,695	54,925	56,765	950	465	490
English	111,300	54,755	56,540	955	465	490
French	14,075	6,345	7,730	25	10	20
Non-official languages	11,200	5,390	5,810	55	30	20
Aboriginal languages	1,120	480	640	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,095	465	625	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	65	20	40	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	15	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	20	25	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	1,035	450	585	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	1,020	440	575	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,085	4,910	5,175	45	30	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	250	200	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	255	200	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	230	185	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	10	85	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	0	70	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,090	3,880	4,210	30	15	10
Albanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	945	405	540	10	0	10
Baltic languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	915	395	520	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	135	50	80	0	0	0
Czech	105	50	60	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	420	175	245	0	0	0
Russian	65	15	50	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	20	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	160	65	95	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	15	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,600	730	870	10	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dutch	220	95	125	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,315	625	690	0	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Swedish	55	15	45	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	435	245	190	0	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	430	240	185	10	0	0
Bengali	75	40	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	100	55	45	0	0	0
Hindi	235	140	95	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	45	15	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	35	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	25	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,115	2,490	2,625	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	4,335	2,105	2,230	0	0	0
Portuguese	295	140	150	0	0	0
Romanian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Spanish	545	250	295	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	45	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	25	15	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	255	110	145	0	0	0
American Sign Language	120	55	75	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	140	65	80	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	280	150	130	0	0	0
Chinese languages	280	145	130	0	0	0
Cantonese	120	65	55	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	125	60	65	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	955	460	495	0	0	0
Estonian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Finnish	745	340	405	0	0	0
Hungarian	125	70	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	112,050	55,030	57,020	950	465	485
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	110,150	54,115	56,035	940	455	480
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,280	9,985	9,300	285	125	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	90,870	44,130	46,740	650	325	325
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,905	915	985	15	15	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	112,055	55,030	57,020	955	465	485
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	102,725	50,505	52,220	910	445	465
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,900	4,260	4,635	45	20	20
Before 1981	6,750	3,240	3,515	15	0	0
1981 to 1990	565	245	315	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	460	210	250	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	725	370	355	25	15	10
2001 to 2005	295	160	135	0	10	0
2006 to 2010	430	205	220	15	10	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	400	195	200	0	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	425	260	165	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,900	4,260	4,635	45	25	25
Under 5 years	1,390	675	715	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,940	1,000	940	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	2,575	1,155	1,415	10	0	10
25 to 44 years	2,675	1,290	1,385	20	15	10
45 years and over	325	140	180	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,900	4,265	4,640	40	25	20
Americas	1,550	630	920	25	20	0
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyana	20	0	20	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	50	25	25	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	15	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	45	25	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,215	495	725	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	155	60	95	0	0	0
Europe	6,365	3,140	3,230	10	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	80	30	45	0	0	0
France	50	20	30	0	0	0
Germany	710	335	370	0	0	0
Greece	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hungary	105	65	40	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	65	45	20	0	0	10
Italy	2,335	1,160	1,170	0	0	0
Netherlands	175	90	90	0	0	0
Poland	215	90	125	0	0	0
Portugal	210	100	110	0	0	0
Romania	25	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	15	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,475	685	790	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	810	440	375	0	0	0
Africa	95	65	25	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	30	20	10	0	0
Asia	835	390	445	10	0	10
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	50	20	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	175	65	110	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	35	10	20	0	0	0
India	210	120	95	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	50	25	25	10	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	80	0	75	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	15	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	110	70	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	50	35	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	395	195	200	0	0	10
Americas	95	45	50	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	70	30	45	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	0	0	0
Europe	50	20	35	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	35	25	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	10	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	205	95	115	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	120	60	55	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	10	25	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	112,055	55,030	57,020	950	465	490
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,715	4,745	4,975	50	25	25
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	16,420	7,885	8,540	115	75	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	85,910	42,405	43,510	785	370	415
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,235	1,070	1,165	30	10	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	880	455	420	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	385	290	95	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	500	170	325	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,135	470	670	25	10	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	205	135	75	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	112,055	55,030	57,020	955	465	485
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	15,455	7,205	8,255	110	35	75
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	15,110	7,085	8,025	110	35	80
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	9,390	4,195	5,195	60	15	45
Métis	5,665	2,865	2,805	45	20	30
Inuk (Inuit)	55	20	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	200	75	125	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	145	40	105	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	96,595	47,830	48,770	845	430	410
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	112,050	55,030	57,020	955	465	490
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	7,920	3,515	4,405	45	10	35
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	104,130	51,515	52,615	915	455	455
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	112,050	55,030	57,020	950	465	485
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	5,100	2,410	2,690	20	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	5,040	2,380	2,660	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	4,485	2,075	2,400	10	0	0
Métis single ancestry	545	295	250	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	55	30	25	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	30	25	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	11,930	5,720	6,210	75	35	40
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	11,485	5,510	5,970	70	35	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,995	3,195	3,800	40	20	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,440	2,285	2,150	35	10	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	25	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	445	210	235	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	430	205	225	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	95,025	46,900	48,125	855	420	435
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	112,055	55,030	57,020	955	465	485
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,605	1,350	1,255	55	25	25
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	570	300	275	0	0	10
Chinese	475	235	245	0	0	0
Black	675	345	330	0	0	0
Filipino	155	45	105	0	0	0
Latin American	105	45	60	15	10	0
Arab	235	190	45	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	55	10	50	10	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	10	10	10	0	0
Korean	105	60	45	20	10	10
Japanese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	80	45	35	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	90	45	45	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	109,450	53,680	55,765	895	440	460
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	112,055	55,035	57,020	955	465	485
North American Aboriginal origins	17,030	8,130	8,895	90	40	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	11,970	5,515	6,455	55	25	25
Inuit	80	35	45	0	0	0
Métis	5,480	2,815	2,660	40	15	30
Other North American origins	38,680	18,725	19,955	380	180	200
Acadian	155	90	60	0	0	0
American	1,390	650	745	25	15	15
Canadian	37,795	18,280	19,510	370	170	195
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	70	30	40	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	25	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	87,415	42,830	44,590	710	375	340
British Isles origins	54,605	26,355	28,245	450	240	210
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	30	10	20	0	0	0
English	30,915	14,750	16,165	255	130	125
Irish	24,080	11,335	12,750	165	80	90
Manx	20	10	15	0	0	0
Scottish	23,850	11,560	12,290	245	125	125
Welsh	1,850	845	1,000	20	10	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,125	1,020	1,100	10	10	10
French origins	26,870	12,840	14,030	125	65	60
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	26,865	12,835	14,030	120	60	60
Western European origins (except French origins)	15,135	7,490	7,645	250	135	110
Austrian	565	245	320	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	325	205	120	10	10	0
Dutch	3,605	1,760	1,850	40	10	30
Flemish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	11,160	5,530	5,625	220	130	95
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	435	215	215	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,925	3,715	4,215	170	80	90
Danish	605	340	265	20	15	0
Finnish	4,860	2,300	2,560	10	0	0
Icelandic	215	90	130	0	0	0
Norwegian	960	430	535	75	30	45
Swedish	1,840	790	1,050	65	40	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	160	85	75	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	10,300	5,005	5,300	185	110	75
Bulgarian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Czech	275	130	135	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	195	115	80	0	0	0
Estonian	340	205	135	0	0	0
Hungarian	650	305	345	10	10	0
Latvian	95	45	55	0	0	10
Lithuanian	270	145	120	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,870	1,890	1,985	60	35	25
Romanian	235	130	105	0	0	0
Russian	610	295	315	10	10	0
Slovak	280	145	135	0	10	10
Ukrainian	4,880	2,240	2,635	105	65	40
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	19,555	9,845	9,710	15	0	15
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	805	415	390	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	245	130	115	0	0	0
Italian	17,645	8,875	8,760	15	0	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	135	75	65	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	0	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	475	240	240	0	0	0
Serbian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	115	65	50	0	0	0
Spanish	360	150	215	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	165	100	65	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	235	135	105	0	0	0
Basque	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	120	55	65	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	100	65	30	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	505	240	265	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	10	20	0	0	0
Dominican	15	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	220	120	95	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	240	135	100	25	15	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	70	50	25	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	15	10	10
African origins	495	285	215	15	10	10
Central and West African origins	150	80	70	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	15	10	0	0	0
North African origins	50	35	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	50	30	25	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	280	170	110	10	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	215	140	75	15	0	10
Asian origins	2,240	1,140	1,100	35	10	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	630	370	265	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	125	105	15	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	220	95	125	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Syrian	115	75	35	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	25	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	20	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	670	355	320	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	70	40	30	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	435	235	200	10	0	10
Goan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	35	10	25	0	0	0
Pakistani	65	30	30	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	20	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	50	10	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	985	440	540	30	15	20
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese	565	255	305	10	0	10
Filipino	185	60	130	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	65	40	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	60	50	15	10	10
Laotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	0	25	0	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	115	65	45	0	0	0
Australian	105	55	50	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
Owner	36,515	...	...	295	...	...
Renter	14,280	...	...	60	...	...
Band housing	275	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	51,070	...	...	360	...	...
Condominium	1,185	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	49,885	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,495	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,460	...	...	75	...	...
3 bedrooms	22,730	...	...	140	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,265	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,935	...	...	55	...	...
5 rooms	8,445	...	...	45	...	...
6 rooms	8,955	...	...	65	...	...
7 rooms	7,400	...	...	60	...	...
8 or more rooms	15,330	...	...	125	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	51,070	...	...	360	...	...
One person or fewer per room	50,880	...	...	350	...	...
More than 1 person per room	190	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	51,075	...	...	355	...	...
Suitable	50,045	...	...	355	...	...
Not suitable	1,025	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
1960 or before	17,275	...	...	40	...	...
1961 to 1980	20,310	...	...	140	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,595	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,610	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,125	...	...	30	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,145	...	...	55	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,000	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	51,075	...	...	360	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	46,710	...	...	310	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,360	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	51,070	...	...	355	...	...
1 household maintainer	32,610	...	...	205	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,905	...	...	140	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	560	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	51,070	...	...	360	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,495	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,375	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,395	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,115	...	...	90	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,615	...	...	75	...	...
65 to 74 years	9,305	...	...	45	...	...
75 to 84 years	5,705	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	2,070	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	49,610	...	...	360	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	39,380	...	...	290	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	10,235	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,350	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	35,590	...	...	295	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.0	...	...	66.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.2	...	...	13.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	808	...	...	1,301	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	956	...	...	1,337	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	189,845	...	...	289,169	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	211,917	...	...	282,082	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,055	...	...	60	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	21.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.5	...	...	41.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	751	...	...	1,304	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	769	...	...	1,388	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	96,055	46,805	49,250	715	375	345
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,295	9,935	10,350	190	95	95
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	27,900	12,995	14,910	235	125	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,860	23,870	23,990	295	160	135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,600	6,915	1,690	105	95	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,860	2,800	1,060	30	25	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,740	4,110	630	70	65	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,310	9,985	13,325	100	35	60
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,510	630	875	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,440	6,345	8,095	85	25	50
Bachelor's degree	10,730	4,435	6,295	55	20	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,110	490	620	10	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	355	240	115	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,910	955	955	15	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	340	225	115	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	58,655	28,400	30,260	500	255	240
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,145	3,665	3,480	80	35	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,540	8,005	8,540	170	85	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,970	16,730	18,240	250	130	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,325	4,280	1,050	95	85	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,415	1,765	650	30	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,915	2,515	400	70	60	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,815	7,575	10,235	85	35	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	970	420	550	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,860	4,455	6,405	60	15	45
Bachelor's degree	8,195	3,210	4,980	45	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	780	330	450	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	265	165	100	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,365	585	770	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	255	160	95	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	96,055	46,810	49,250	720	375	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	48,195	22,935	25,255	425	215	205
Education	3,175	805	2,365	40	10	30
13. Education	3,175	810	2,370	35	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,015	455	560	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	155	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	830	305	525	0	0	10
Humanities	1,725	715	1,010	15	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	135	25	110	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	470	130	345	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	430	170	260	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	65	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	200	125	70	10	10	0
54. History	295	175	120	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	80	20	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,060	1,490	3,565	10	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	65	15	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	240	75	160	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,260	90	1,165	10	10	0
22. Legal professions and studies	695	220	475	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	20	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,190	305	880	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,540	750	790	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,665	2,290	5,375	50	15	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,380	215	1,160	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,280	2,070	4,210	50	10	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,315	760	555	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	655	345	310	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	215	130	85	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	325	235	90	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	35	60	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,255	760	495	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,030	650	380	10	10	0
25. Library science	70	0	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	125	90	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,130	11,675	460	85	90	0
04. Architecture and related services	140	120	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	890	835	60	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,740	2,550	190	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,490	2,445	50	30	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,660	3,585	75	40	40	0
48. Precision production	2,205	2,140	65	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,465	1,115	345	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	250	155	95	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,215	965	255	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,885	1,490	7,390	40	15	30
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	685	410	275	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,080	1,005	7,075	35	10	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	115	80	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,165	2,315	1,855	40	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,770	380	1,390	30	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,370	965	405	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	995	945	55	10	10	0
Other	15	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	58,660	28,400	30,255	495	260	240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,685	11,670	12,020	245	120	120
Education	2,105	465	1,635	20	0	20
13. Education	2,105	470	1,635	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	705	300	405	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	65	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	615	230	385	0	0	10
Humanities	1,140	465	675	15	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	25	70	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	290	55	230	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	315	130	190	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	45	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	120	75	45	10	10	10
54. History	210	125	85	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	50	20	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,950	1,060	2,885	10	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	200	80	120	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,065	75	995	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	560	160	400	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	15	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	845	185	665	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,180	545	640	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,785	1,680	4,105	45	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,110	160	950	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,670	1,520	3,150	40	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	930	505	420	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	495	245	250	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	100	50	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	205	135	70	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	20	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,030	605	425	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	880	545	335	10	10	0
25. Library science	50	10	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	50	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,345	7,960	385	80	80	0
04. Architecture and related services	95	75	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	585	535	45	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,045	1,890	160	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,655	1,610	40	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,515	2,460	55	35	35	0
48. Precision production	1,450	1,390	60	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,100	800	300	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	190	115	80	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	905	685	220	0	0	0
Health and related fields	6,710	1,130	5,580	30	10	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	570	340	230	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,055	740	5,315	30	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	55	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,170	1,760	1,410	40	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,275	250	1,025	30	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,105	770	330	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	765	725	45	15	10	0
Other	15	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	96,055	46,805	49,250	715	375	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,195	22,935	25,255	425	220	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,865	23,875	23,990	295	160	135
Location of study inside Canada	43,725	21,645	22,075	280	160	125
Same as province or territory of residence	41,835	20,690	21,140	230	130	105
Different than province or territory of residence	1,890	960	935	50	30	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,140	2,225	1,915	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,590	1,370	1,225	10	0	10
Philippines	35	0	35	0	0	0
India	130	65	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	380	210	165	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	20	0	0	0
France	10	0	15	0	0	0
Other	965	570	395	10	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	58,655	28,400	30,255	500	260	240
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,685	11,665	12,020	250	125	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,970	16,730	18,240	250	130	115
Location of study inside Canada	32,360	15,475	16,885	235	135	105
Same as province or territory of residence	31,055	14,800	16,255	190	110	80
Different than province or territory of residence	1,300	675	625	45	25	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,615	1,260	1,355	10	0	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,875	910	960	0	0	10
Philippines	30	0	30	0	0	0
India	120	60	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	85	50	35	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	20	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	460	220	240	0	0	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	96,055	46,805	49,245	720	375	340
In the labour force	52,645	27,050	25,595	460	260	200
Employed	47,130	23,695	23,435	420	245	175
Unemployed	5,510	3,355	2,155	40	15	20
Not in the labour force	43,405	19,755	23,660	260	110	145
Participation rate	54.8	57.8	52.0	63.9	69.3	58.8
Employment rate	49.1	50.6	47.6	58.3	65.3	51.5
Unemployment rate	10.5	12.4	8.4	8.7	5.8	10.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	96,055	46,805	49,245	720	375	340
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	40,170	17,970	22,200	225	100	120
Worked	55,885	28,835	27,045	495	275	225
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,540	14,595	11,945	285	180	100
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,340	14,235	15,105	210	95	120
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	41.4	41.8	44.0	45.6	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	52,645	27,055	25,590	460	265	200
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,300	630	670	0	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	51,345	26,425	24,920	455	265	190
Employee	47,035	23,780	23,250	400	245	155
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,315	2,645	1,670	50	15	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	52,645	27,055	25,590	460	260	195
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,300	630	670	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	51,345	26,425	24,925	450	260	190
0 Management occupations	4,400	2,610	1,790	40	15	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,480	1,610	4,875	50	15	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,660	2,100	560	25	15	10
3 Health occupations	4,515	760	3,750	10	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,425	1,975	4,445	30	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	920	410	510	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	12,975	4,875	8,095	105	35	70
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,410	8,910	500	160	140	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,400	1,265	140	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,155	1,905	255	25	25	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	52,645	27,050	25,595	460	260	200
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,300	630	670	10	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	51,345	26,425	24,920	450	260	190
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	890	645	240	10	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	975	905	70	20	15	10
22 Utilities	520	380	140	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,955	3,615	345	55	50	10
31-33 Manufacturing	4,865	4,245	630	55	50	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,015	810	200	30	15	10
44-45 Retail trade	6,325	2,895	3,430	40	10	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,270	1,710	560	40	30	10
51 Information and cultural industries	600	320	280	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,135	335	795	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	635	330	305	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,600	825	775	15	10	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,815	1,515	1,305	40	35	10
61 Educational services	3,895	1,110	2,785	20	10	20
62 Health care and social assistance	8,035	1,225	6,810	25	0	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,515	745	770	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,325	1,515	2,810	20	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,035	1,070	965	25	10	15
91 Public administration	3,915	2,230	1,685	30	20	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	47,135	23,700	23,435	420	250	175
Worked at home	2,205	1,090	1,115	20	0	25
Worked outside Canada	220	100	115	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,815	3,730	1,085	70	60	15
Worked at usual place	39,890	18,775	21,115	325	190	140
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	39,890	18,775	21,115	325	190	140
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	32,510	14,980	17,530	80	40	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,910	2,860	3,045	80	55	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,305	785	525	160	100	60
Commute to a different province or territory	170	155	15	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	44,705	22,505	22,205	400	245	155
Car, truck, van - as a driver	37,050	18,965	18,085	335	220	115
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,950	1,235	1,720	10	0	0
Public transit	1,315	540	770	10	10	10
Walked	2,530	1,125	1,405	35	0	30
Bicycle	315	265	55	0	0	0
Other method	550	375	170	0	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	44,710	22,505	22,200	395	245	155
Less than 15 minutes	24,930	11,750	13,185	115	55	65
15 to 29 minutes	13,400	6,875	6,515	45	25	25
30 to 44 minutes	3,400	1,970	1,425	100	70	35
45 to 59 minutes	1,360	750	605	90	65	25
60 minutes and over	1,625	1,155	470	45	35	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	44,710	22,505	22,200	400	245	155
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,000	2,240	760	80	60	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,465	4,805	2,660	75	60	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,745	5,775	4,965	85	55	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	11,655	4,195	7,460	55	35	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,410	1,575	2,835	25	0	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	7,440	3,905	3,530	70	40	35
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	57,740	29,725	28,015	505	285	220
Single responses	57,315	29,575	27,745	505	290	220
Official languages	57,175	29,505	27,675	510	285	220
English	56,505	29,320	27,180	510	285	225
French	675	185	495	0	0	0
Non-official languages	130	70	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	55	65	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	50	45	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	425	150	270	0	0	0
English and French	380	145	235	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	0	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	57,735	29,725	28,010	505	285	220
None	54,345	28,395	25,950	505	285	220
English	465	150	315	0	0	0
French	2,425	970	1,455	0	0	0
Non-official language	460	195	265	0	0	0
Aboriginal	130	45	90	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	330	150	175	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	15	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	111,085	54,480	56,600	940	465	475
Non-movers	98,765	48,640	50,125	845	410	435
Movers	12,320	5,840	6,480	100	60	35
Non-migrants	8,250	3,875	4,375	25	20	10
Migrants	4,070	1,965	2,095	70	45	25
Internal migrants	3,805	1,880	1,925	70	45	20
Intraprovincial migrants	3,395	1,635	1,755	65	45	20
Interprovincial migrants	410	245	170	0	0	0
External migrants	260	90	170	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	106,735	52,350	54,395	895	440	450
Non-movers	73,715	36,460	37,255	485	215	265
Movers	33,025	15,890	17,140	405	225	185
Non-migrants	20,890	9,980	10,905	85	50	35
Migrants	12,140	5,905	6,230	325	175	150
Internal migrants	11,355	5,520	5,835	320	175	145
Intraprovincial migrants	10,240	4,940	5,305	250	135	115
Interprovincial migrants	1,120	580	535	75	45	25
External migrants	780	385	395	10	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Algoma, DIS [Census division], Ontario and Onoway, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Algoma, District [Census division], Ontario and Onoway, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Algoma, District [Census division], Ontario and Onoway, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Algoma, District [Census division], Ontario and Onoway, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta