Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Fort Frances, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			North Cowichan, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	7,739	...	...	29,676	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	7,952	...	...	28,807	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,758	...	...	13,416	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	3,449	...	...	12,769	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	303.4	...	...	151.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.51	...	...	195.56	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	7,740	3,725	4,015	29,675	14,360	15,310
0 to 14 years	1,235	625	610	4,345	2,180	2,165
0 to 4 years	365	185	190	1,325	675	655
5 to 9 years	410	205	200	1,475	735	740
10 to 14 years	460	235	220	1,545	770	775
15 to 64 years	4,920	2,410	2,505	17,935	8,630	9,310
15 to 19 years	495	250	245	1,600	815	785
20 to 24 years	455	230	230	1,280	670	615
25 to 29 years	430	220	210	1,330	680	650
30 to 34 years	375	170	205	1,495	710	790
35 to 39 years	425	200	220	1,505	705	800
40 to 44 years	470	220	245	1,545	740	800
45 to 49 years	480	220	255	1,750	820	930
50 to 54 years	565	270	295	2,290	1,100	1,190
55 to 59 years	670	340	330	2,530	1,190	1,345
60 to 64 years	560	290	270	2,615	1,215	1,405
65 years and over	1,580	680	900	7,390	3,555	3,840
65 to 69 years	465	225	240	2,600	1,275	1,320
70 to 74 years	310	150	165	1,850	885	965
75 to 79 years	285	115	165	1,335	650	685
80 to 84 years	225	90	140	855	425	430
85 years and over	295	105	195	755	315	440
85 to 89 years	175	60	115	485	225	260
90 to 94 years	90	30	60	210	80	135
95 to 99 years	25	10	15	50	10	40
100 years and over	5	0	5	10	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.0	16.8	15.2	14.6	15.2	14.1
15 to 64 years	63.6	64.7	62.4	60.4	60.1	60.8
65 years and over	20.4	18.3	22.4	24.9	24.8	25.1
85 years and over	3.8	2.8	4.9	2.5	2.2	2.9
Average age of the population	43.3	42.2	44.4	45.8	45.3	46.4
Median age of the population	44.8	43.8	45.7	50.0	49.2	50.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
Single-detached house	2,655	...	...	8,190	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	760	...	...	4,085	...	...
Semi-detached house	60	...	...	875	...	...
Row house	105	...	...	925	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	685	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	525	...	...	1,520	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	80	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	35	...	...	490	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
1 person	1,225	...	...	3,600	...	...
2 persons	1,195	...	...	5,360	...	...
3 persons	480	...	...	1,665	...	...
4 persons	350	...	...	1,390	...	...
5 or more persons	200	...	...	750	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,550	...	...	29,035	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	6,500	3,095	3,410	25,330	12,185	13,150
Married or living common law	3,550	1,785	1,770	15,495	7,715	7,780
Married	2,795	1,410	1,385	12,700	6,330	6,375
Living common law	760	380	380	2,790	1,385	1,410
Not married and not living common law	2,950	1,310	1,640	9,835	4,470	5,365
Never married	1,715	885	835	5,405	2,970	2,440
Separated	215	95	120	825	345	480
Divorced	415	195	225	2,035	810	1,230
Widowed	595	135	465	1,565	350	1,220
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,175	...	...	8,950	...	...
2 persons	1,210	...	...	5,620	...	...
3 persons	460	...	...	1,560	...	...
4 persons	330	...	...	1,270	...	...
5 or more persons	165	...	...	500	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,175	...	...	8,950	...	...
Total couple families	1,735	...	...	7,605	...	...
Married couples	1,350	...	...	6,205	...	...
Common-law couples	380	...	...	1,395	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	440	...	...	1,350	...	...
Female parent	330	...	...	1,050	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,735	...	...	7,600	...	...
Couples without children	940	...	...	4,770	...	...
Couples with children	790	...	...	2,835	...	...
1 child	340	...	...	1,205	...	...
2 children	295	...	...	1,160	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	440	...	...	1,350	...	...
1 child	270	...	...	855	...	...
2 children	120	...	...	355	...	...
3 or more children	50	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,520	675	840	5,360	2,410	2,950
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
One-census-family households	2,115	...	...	8,535	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	925	...	...	4,560	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,190	...	...	3,975	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	30	...	...	205	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,305	...	...	4,025	...	...
One-person households	1,225	...	...	3,600	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	80	...	...	430	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	7,570	3,655	3,920	29,345	14,200	15,150
English only	7,280	3,540	3,740	27,470	13,380	14,090
French only	5	5	0	5	0	5
English and French	270	100	165	1,725	760	975
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	150	60	90
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	7,575	3,655	3,920	29,345	14,200	15,150
English	7,495	3,620	3,875	28,880	13,985	14,890
French	70	30	40	295	140	155
English and French	0	0	0	30	15	15
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	145	60	85
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	70	30	45	305	145	165
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.8	1.1	1.0	1.0	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	7,575	3,655	3,920	29,350	14,200	15,150
Single responses	7,545	3,640	3,905	29,075	14,075	14,995
Official languages	7,255	3,510	3,745	26,780	12,980	13,800
English	7,170	3,470	3,695	26,435	12,815	13,625
French	85	35	50	345	170	175
Non-official languages	295	130	165	2,295	1,100	1,200
Aboriginal languages	75	30	45	25	10	10
Algonquian languages	70	30	40	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	70	25	45	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	65	25	45	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	220	100	115	2,270	1,085	1,185
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	50	30	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Amharic	5	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	40	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	50	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	5	0	0	40	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	145	45	100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	5	0	0	10	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	115	35	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	75	85	1,620	810	810
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	30	200	90	110
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	70	35	30	195	90	105
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	10	0	0	20	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	35	20	20
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ukrainian	50	20	25	50	20	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	30	750	380	365
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	20	10
Danish	0	0	0	60	30	25
Dutch	5	5	5	265	120	145
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	45	20	25	355	190	170
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Swedish	0	0	5	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	475	240	235
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	465	235	230
Bengali	5	5	0	0	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	420	200	215
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	20	175	85	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	5	60	35	20
Portuguese	5	5	5	35	10	20
Romanian	5	0	0	15	5	5
Spanish	10	0	5	75	30	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	5	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	25	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	10	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	175	90	85
Chinese languages	15	5	10	165	85	85
Cantonese	10	5	10	75	40	35
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	5	0	0	70	40	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	75	35	40
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	10	5	10	35	10	25
Hungarian	5	5	0	35	20	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	275	120	155
English and French	5	0	5	55	30	30
English and non-official language	20	10	10	195	85	110
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	7,575	3,650	3,920	29,350	14,200	15,150
Single responses	7,515	3,625	3,885	28,970	14,010	14,960
Official languages	7,450	3,605	3,850	28,220	13,655	14,570
English	7,440	3,590	3,845	28,155	13,625	14,530
French	15	10	5	65	25	35
Non-official languages	60	25	35	750	355	390
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	20	25	750	355	390
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	35	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	430	205	225
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	0	20	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	5	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	70	35	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	305	145	160
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	295	140	160
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	275	130	145
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	35	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	35	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	25	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	100	55	45
Chinese languages	5	0	5	90	45	45
Cantonese	5	0	0	40	20	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	25	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	60	30	35	375	185	190
English and French	10	0	5	30	15	10
English and non-official language	50	25	30	345	165	175
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	7,575	3,650	3,920	29,345	14,200	15,150
None	7,355	3,545	3,805	27,920	13,550	14,375
English	35	15	20	345	160	180
French	30	15	15	245	105	145
Non-official language	150	75	75	815	375	440
Aboriginal	75	35	40	40	15	20
Non-Aboriginal	75	40	40	775	360	415
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	5	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,315	3,010	3,305	24,705	11,855	12,855
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,130	2,915	3,210	23,875	11,455	12,415
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,703	45,146	30,640	32,764	41,608	26,808
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,135	2,915	3,215	23,910	11,485	12,425
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,936	39,654	27,960	29,622	36,581	25,004
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,550	2,675	2,880	21,560	10,530	11,030
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,506	40,180	25,884	28,573	37,420	22,118
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,620	2,090	2,530	17,790	7,895	9,900
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,345	8,424	8,016	8,784	10,208	8,159
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,360	2,160	2,195	16,755	8,540	8,210
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,653	36,836	30,074	27,389	34,631	22,852
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	6,320	2,985	3,330	24,710	11,890	12,820
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,110	2,890	3,215	23,810	11,525	12,290
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,250	50,158	37,034	42,326	52,001	33,254
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,115	2,890	3,220	23,840	11,525	12,315
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,817	41,985	32,177	35,987	43,045	29,378
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,540	2,635	2,895	21,515	10,600	10,915
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,120	47,694	33,223	39,223	49,111	29,625
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,710	2,150	2,555	17,710	7,945	9,765
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,936	8,961	8,914	9,260	9,911	8,730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,355	2,130	2,225	16,750	8,545	8,210
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,877	44,845	35,126	36,982	44,847	28,799
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	6,315	2,990	3,330	24,705	11,890	12,820
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,900	915	985	6,245	3,540	2,705
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,293	59,137	45,361	49,987	58,637	42,478
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,498	68,350	51,277	56,658	63,931	47,147
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.0	87.2	80.2	83.6	87.0	78.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.6	65.9	64.8	62.1	65.6	57.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.9	12.8	19.8	16.4	13.0	21.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	6,315	3,015	3,305	24,705	11,855	12,850
Without total income	190	95	95	835	395	435
With total income	6,130	2,915	3,210	23,875	11,460	12,415
Percentage with total income	97.1	96.7	97.1	96.6	96.7	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	715	310	405	3,130	1,245	1,885
$10,000 to $19,999	995	375	620	4,225	1,535	2,695
$20,000 to $29,999	855	300	550	3,710	1,410	2,290
$30,000 to $39,999	765	305	455	3,095	1,340	1,755
$40,000 to $49,999	765	355	410	2,535	1,210	1,325
$50,000 to $59,999	610	365	240	1,805	1,000	805
$60,000 to $69,999	430	260	175	1,455	910	540
$70,000 to $79,999	285	180	105	1,075	720	360
$80,000 to $89,999	170	105	70	830	560	265
$90,000 to $99,999	180	110	75	580	410	170
$100,000 and over	355	255	105	1,435	1,115	320
$100,000 to $149,999	275	185	90	1,060	825	240
$150,000 and over	75	70	15	375	290	85
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,315	3,010	3,305	24,705	11,855	12,850
Without after-tax income	185	95	85	795	370	430
With after-tax income	6,135	2,915	3,220	23,910	11,485	12,425
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	96.8	97.4	96.8	96.9	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	760	315	445	3,285	1,315	1,975
$10,000 to $19,999	1,050	400	650	4,485	1,670	2,815
$20,000 to $29,999	985	365	625	4,305	1,675	2,630
$30,000 to $39,999	935	395	540	3,545	1,585	1,955
$40,000 to $49,999	875	485	390	2,625	1,390	1,235
$50,000 to $59,999	580	350	230	1,890	1,180	710
$60,000 to $69,999	340	205	130	1,325	880	445
$70,000 to $79,999	260	145	115	940	630	310
$80,000 and over	355	260	95	1,505	1,155	345
$80,000 to $89,999	150	85	65	545	420	125
$90,000 to $99,999	65	60	10	305	235	70
$100,000 and over	140	110	30	655	500	155
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	6,320	3,015	3,305	24,705	11,855	12,855
Without employment income	1,960	850	1,110	7,955	3,310	4,645
With employment income	4,360	2,160	2,195	16,750	8,540	8,210
Percentage with employment income	69.0	71.6	66.4	67.8	72.0	63.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	635	335	295	3,510	1,785	1,720
$5,000 to $9,999	385	175	210	1,255	495	755
$10,000 to $19,999	540	240	305	2,120	830	1,290
$20,000 to $29,999	475	200	280	1,925	820	1,100
$30,000 to $39,999	485	195	285	1,750	710	1,045
$40,000 to $49,999	475	195	280	1,430	670	760
$50,000 to $59,999	370	205	160	1,065	580	485
$60,000 to $69,999	255	130	120	940	610	330
$70,000 to $79,999	185	115	70	760	500	255
$80,000 and over	550	365	180	2,005	1,545	460
$80,000 to $89,999	140	85	55	605	410	190
$90,000 to $99,999	155	90	65	425	310	115
$100,000 and over	260	195	65	980	825	160
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,928	...	...	64,169	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,448	...	...	56,525	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,225	...	...	3,600	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,440	...	...	32,454	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,729	...	...	29,459	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,225	...	...	9,170	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,197	...	...	80,109	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,752	...	...	70,432	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,591	...	...	78,930	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,284	...	...	67,189	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,240	...	...	3,585	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,138	...	...	40,075	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,549	...	...	34,846	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,210	...	...	9,180	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,980	...	...	94,095	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,474	...	...	79,812	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	165	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	165	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	355	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	165	...	...	550	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	205	...	...	665	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	530	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	585	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...	640	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	145	...	...	635	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	160	...	...	615	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	310	...	...	1,085	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	265	...	...	985	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	225	...	...	890	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	215	...	...	810	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	680	...	...
$100,000 and over	930	...	...	3,415	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	380	...	...	1,295	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	825	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	225	...	...	815	...	...
$200,000 and over	115	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,450	...	...	12,765	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	170	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	165	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	355	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	580	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	225	...	...	760	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	180	...	...	615	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	740	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	185	...	...	775	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	195	...	...	695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	175	...	...	630	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	340	...	...	1,255	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	280	...	...	1,130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	275	...	...	980	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	240	...	...	845	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	170	...	...	640	...	...
$100,000 and over	635	...	...	2,425	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	290	...	...	1,175	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	175	...	...	600	...	...
$150,000 and over	170	...	...	655	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,175	...	...	8,855	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,248	...	...	79,580	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,752	...	...	70,053	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	910	...	...	4,475	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,030	...	...	74,675	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,731	...	...	66,264	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	795	...	...	2,875	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,088	...	...	105,242	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,095	...	...	90,445	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	425	...	...	1,260	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,072	...	...	45,205	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,592	...	...	41,760	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,175	...	...	8,875	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,047	...	...	93,445	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,497	...	...	79,147	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	915	...	...	4,475	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,732	...	...	86,655	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,409	...	...	73,161	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...	2,885	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,530	...	...	122,076	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,474	...	...	102,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...	1,255	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,060	...	...	52,615	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,814	...	...	46,826	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,380	615	765	4,735	2,150	2,585
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,712	36,512	29,376	30,386	32,896	28,651
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,851	31,808	27,456	27,535	29,478	26,227
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,365	580	785	4,675	2,170	2,505
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,089	40,267	38,218	38,171	43,385	33,642
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,674	34,130	33,338	33,248	36,940	30,042
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	7,550	3,635	3,915	29,035	14,020	15,015
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,665	1,675	1,990	15,520	7,230	8,285
In the bottom decile	780	370	405	3,285	1,540	1,745
In the second decile	700	295	410	3,285	1,440	1,845
In the third decile	715	310	400	3,065	1,400	1,665
In the fourth decile	705	315	385	2,880	1,395	1,480
In the fifth decile	775	380	395	3,010	1,455	1,555
In the top half of the distribution	3,885	1,960	1,925	13,515	6,790	6,725
In the sixth decile	815	415	395	2,980	1,485	1,490
In the seventh decile	880	430	445	2,945	1,470	1,470
In the eighth decile	905	465	440	2,760	1,400	1,360
In the ninth decile	810	410	400	2,745	1,380	1,365
In the top decile	480	240	240	2,085	1,050	1,030
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	7,550	3,635	3,915	29,035	14,020	15,015
0 to 17 years	1,535	770	765	5,285	2,655	2,630
0 to 5 years	445	220	225	1,565	790	775
18 to 64 years	4,585	2,235	2,350	16,620	7,910	8,715
65 years and over	1,435	630	800	7,130	3,460	3,675
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,155	535	620	4,705	2,135	2,570
0 to 17 years	325	165	155	1,315	645	670
0 to 5 years	120	60	60	440	215	230
18 to 64 years	630	310	320	2,560	1,150	1,410
65 years and over	205	60	150	830	345	480
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.7	15.8	16.2	15.2	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	21.2	21.4	20.3	24.9	24.3	25.5
0 to 5 years (%)	27.0	27.3	26.7	28.1	27.2	29.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.9	13.6	15.4	14.5	16.2
65 years and over (%)	14.3	9.5	18.8	11.6	10.0	13.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	485	240	240	2,035	1,000	1,040
0 to 17 years	120	55	65	530	255	270
0 to 5 years	45	15	25	185	90	95
18 to 64 years	335	175	160	1,415	690	725
65 years and over	30	15	15	100	50	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.6	6.1	7.0	7.1	6.9
0 to 17 years (%)	7.8	7.1	8.5	10.0	9.6	10.3
0 to 5 years (%)	10.1	6.8	11.1	11.8	11.4	12.3
18 to 64 years (%)	7.3	7.8	6.8	8.5	8.7	8.3
65 years and over (%)	2.1	2.4	1.9	1.4	1.4	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	7,550	3,635	3,915	29,030	14,020	15,010
Official languages	7,540	3,635	3,905	28,830	13,925	14,900
English	7,535	3,630	3,905	28,830	13,925	14,905
French	275	95	180	1,705	750	950
Non-official languages	455	215	240	3,435	1,535	1,900
Aboriginal languages	180	90	90	80	30	50
Algonquian languages	175	90	85	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	170	85	85	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	170	85	85	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	10
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	65	20	40
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	60	20	45
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	10	10	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	270	125	145	3,360	1,505	1,850
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	50	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	80	50	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	80	50	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	35	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	65	35	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	195	65	125
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	0	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	15	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	160	50	110
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	185	80	100	2,480	1,130	1,345
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	30	270	115	150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	30	30	260	105	155
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Croatian	15	0	10	35	10	30
Czech	0	0	0	40	25	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	50	15	35
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Serbian	25	0	15	0	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	25	10	15	55	20	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	30	45	995	465	525
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	10	0
Danish	0	0	0	55	20	35
Dutch	10	0	0	355	165	190
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	70	30	40	535	265	270
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	30	0	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	670	335	340
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	665	335	335
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	100	50	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	565	270	295
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	45	25	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	615	250	365
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	10	100	40	60
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	25	40
Romanian	0	0	10	25	10	10
Spanish	30	15	15	450	175	280
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	85	25	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	55	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	55	25	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	35	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	190	75	115
Chinese languages	20	0	10	190	70	115
Cantonese	20	10	10	80	35	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	115	35	80
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	45	15	30
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	45	15	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	95	35	60
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	55	15	35
Hungarian	0	0	10	35	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	7,555	3,635	3,915	29,030	14,020	15,015
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	7,355	3,575	3,780	27,875	13,485	14,385
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,535	815	720	5,075	2,490	2,590
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,825	2,760	3,060	22,790	10,995	11,795
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	195	60	135	1,160	535	625
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	7,555	3,635	3,915	29,035	14,020	15,015
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	7,130	3,455	3,680	24,520	11,945	12,570
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	385	160	225	4,345	2,010	2,335
Before 1981	225	90	130	2,635	1,270	1,365
1981 to 1990	70	30	40	445	170	275
1991 to 2000	40	20	20	375	140	235
2001 to 2010	35	10	20	470	190	280
2001 to 2005	15	0	15	205	85	130
2006 to 2010	20	15	0	260	105	155
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	25	15	10	420	240	185
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	20	10	175	70	105
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	390	160	225	4,345	2,010	2,335
Under 5 years	45	35	10	555	255	300
5 to 14 years	80	30	45	890	435	460
15 to 24 years	115	25	90	1,125	530	590
25 to 44 years	135	65	70	1,500	680	825
45 years and over	15	0	10	280	115	160
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	385	160	225	4,345	2,010	2,340
Americas	220	85	130	590	260	330
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	15
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	10	10	0	10
Mexico	15	0	10	20	10	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	15	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	190	75	110	440	190	250
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	75	30	40
Europe	125	55	65	2,535	1,190	1,345
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	20	15	10
Croatia	10	10	0	20	0	15
France	0	0	0	30	15	15
Germany	15	0	15	245	140	110
Greece	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	45	15	30
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	40	20	30
Italy	20	10	10	40	15	30
Netherlands	10	10	0	305	145	160
Poland	0	0	0	35	10	25
Portugal	0	0	0	35	15	20
Romania	0	0	0	30	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	55	20	35	1,410	665	740
Other places of birth in Europe	10	15	0	235	105	125
Africa	0	0	0	95	60	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	40	15	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	15	0
Asia	45	20	30	985	430	555
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	95	30	65
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	15
India	0	0	0	385	185	205
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	0	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	80	45	35
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Philippines	20	0	15	165	55	110
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	10	85	45	40
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	145	70	75
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	15	10	420	240	180
Americas	20	10	10	40	20	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	30	20	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	85	60	25
France	0	0	0	0	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	40	25	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	260	145	115
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	30	20	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Philippines	0	0	0	75	45	35
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	15	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	7,550	3,635	3,915	29,035	14,020	15,015
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	480	220	265	4,695	2,150	2,545
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,270	600	665	6,080	2,965	3,115
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,800	2,815	2,985	18,260	8,900	9,355
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	175	75	100	1,785	780	1,005
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	55	25	30	800	390	410
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	15	15	330	190	145
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	25	10	15	465	200	265
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	95	40	60	840	305	535
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	20	10	10	135	80	50
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	7,555	3,635	3,915	29,035	14,020	15,015
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,870	1,015	860	2,380	1,055	1,320
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,830	985	845	2,300	1,025	1,275
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,095	595	500	1,595	745	850
Métis	735	385	345	680	260	425
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	20	10	35	20	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	35	15	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,685	2,625	3,055	26,655	12,965	13,695
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	7,550	3,640	3,915	29,035	14,020	15,010
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,060	575	485	1,335	600	735
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,495	3,060	3,430	27,700	13,420	14,280
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	7,550	3,635	3,915	29,030	14,020	15,015
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	555	320	235	665	300	365
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	540	310	230	650	295	355
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	445	260	185	565	255	305
Métis single ancestry	95	50	45	80	35	50
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,300	685	610	1,945	860	1,085
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,195	635	565	1,800	805	995
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	630	310	320	1,160	540	625
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	570	330	240	610	245	365
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	25	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	105	50	55	140	55	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	50	140	55	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,695	2,630	3,070	26,425	12,860	13,565
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	7,550	3,635	3,915	29,035	14,020	15,015
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	150	70	80	2,070	985	1,085
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	870	455	420
Chinese	15	10	10	310	150	160
Black	35	10	25	85	50	30
Filipino	35	20	15	235	75	155
Latin American	30	20	15	65	20	50
Arab	0	0	0	75	45	25
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	25	15	15	135	60	75
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	45	40
Japanese	10	0	0	140	55	90
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	7,400	3,565	3,840	26,965	13,035	13,930
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	7,550	3,635	3,915	29,035	14,020	15,015
North American Aboriginal origins	1,850	1,005	850	2,605	1,160	1,445
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,185	625	560	1,880	850	1,030
Inuit	0	0	0	30	25	0
Métis	780	435	345	845	345	505
Other North American origins	2,310	1,115	1,195	8,185	3,935	4,250
Acadian	0	0	0	25	10	15
American	130	70	60	540	245	295
Canadian	2,245	1,085	1,155	7,790	3,775	4,015
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	20	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	6,035	2,840	3,195	23,130	11,055	12,075
British Isles origins	4,015	1,930	2,085	17,680	8,365	9,320
Channel Islander	0	0	0	15	15	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,330	1,090	1,235	11,775	5,450	6,330
Irish	1,775	900	875	5,495	2,490	3,000
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish	1,780	900	880	7,975	3,660	4,320
Welsh	140	75	65	1,235	560	675
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	100	60	40	880	405	475
French origins	1,470	660	815	2,840	1,230	1,610
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,475	655	815	2,840	1,235	1,605
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,355	640	715	6,235	3,070	3,165
Austrian	65	25	40	290	175	115
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	20	10	0	185	80	105
Dutch	350	195	150	2,115	975	1,140
Flemish	10	0	10	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	1,020	470	545	4,035	2,035	2,005
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	30	10	15	190	75	110
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,320	650	665	3,190	1,490	1,700
Danish	80	25	50	600	280	315
Finnish	300	155	135	360	155	200
Icelandic	20	10	10	220	110	105
Norwegian	545	275	270	1,180	540	645
Swedish	530	255	275	1,070	515	550
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	40	15	25	135	60	70
Eastern European origins	1,555	680	875	3,210	1,585	1,625
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	25	15	10	140	60	85
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	75	55	335	180	155
Latvian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Lithuanian	10	0	15	40	10	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Polish	335	145	185	825	435	395
Romanian	50	10	35	170	100	65
Russian	80	30	50	540	260	280
Slovak	0	0	0	50	30	30
Ukrainian	1,150	500	650	1,365	655	710
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	30	15	15
Southern European origins	380	165	215	1,525	715	815
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	145	80	65
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	25	20
Italian	300	130	170	890	400	490
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	15	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	10	220	115	110
Serbian	35	15	20	25	25	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	25	0	25
Slovenian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Spanish	15	0	10	215	95	120
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	25	15	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	45	30	15	145	75	70
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	25	10	10	55	30	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	15	10	65	30	30
Caribbean origins	15	10	0	90	50	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	10	10	45	20	25
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	30	20	10	195	110	90
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	50	30	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chilean	0	0	0	45	10	35
Colombian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	20	0	10	85	50	35
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	10	10	0
African origins	30	15	15	165	105	65
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	15	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	10	0	10	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	35	30	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	25	20	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	10	0	70	30	35
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	50	10	40
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	10	15	50	35	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	25	10	15	40	25	15
Asian origins	95	45	50	2,055	945	1,110
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	10	10	165	90	75
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	10	45	15	25
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	55	40	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	0	0	895	450	445
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	845	420	425
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	15	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	50	25	20
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	85	40	45	975	395	575
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	30	10	20	375	175	200
Filipino	25	15	10	225	75	155
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Japanese	10	0	0	150	55	100
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	80	45	30
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	20	0	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	50	10	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	80	40	40
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	255	125	135
Australian	0	0	0	120	45	75
New Zealander	0	0	0	85	55	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	55	20	30
Fijian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
Owner	2,480	...	...	9,560	...	...
Renter	970	...	...	3,210	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
Condominium	60	...	...	1,525	...	...
Not condominium	3,390	...	...	11,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	425	...	...	1,135	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,100	...	...	3,235	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,215	...	...	4,875	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	705	...	...	3,475	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	3,450	...	...	12,765	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	850	...	...	2,615	...	...
5 rooms	640	...	...	1,990	...	...
6 rooms	590	...	...	2,035	...	...
7 rooms	420	...	...	1,685	...	...
8 or more rooms	945	...	...	4,440	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	3,445	...	...	12,770	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,420	...	...	12,700	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
Suitable	3,335	...	...	12,425	...	...
Not suitable	110	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	3,450	...	...	12,765	...	...
1960 or before	1,645	...	...	1,925	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,120	...	...	3,770	...	...
1981 to 1990	320	...	...	1,850	...	...
1991 to 2000	230	...	...	2,695	...	...
2001 to 2005	60	...	...	675	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	1,185	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	40	...	...	660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,100	...	...	12,075	...	...
Major repairs needed	350	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	3,450	...	...	12,765	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,145	...	...	7,445	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,265	...	...	5,110	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	35	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	3,450	...	...	12,770	...	...
15 to 24 years	120	...	...	255	...	...
25 to 34 years	410	...	...	1,230	...	...
35 to 44 years	520	...	...	1,580	...	...
45 to 54 years	610	...	...	2,295	...	...
55 to 64 years	770	...	...	2,800	...	...
65 to 74 years	490	...	...	2,705	...	...
75 to 84 years	370	...	...	1,425	...	...
85 years and over	155	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	3,450	...	...	12,575	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,800	...	...	9,620	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	650	...	...	2,955	...	...
30% to less than 100%	590	...	...	2,605	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,480	...	...	9,395	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.2	...	...	53.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.1	...	...	16.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	804	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	962	...	...	1,069	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,253	...	...	360,082	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	165,673	...	...	405,988	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	965	...	...	3,195	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	32.5	...	...	10.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.0	...	...	44.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	742	...	...	868	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	726	...	...	952	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,320	2,990	3,330	24,710	11,890	12,820
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,370	700	675	4,260	2,170	2,090
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,880	890	990	7,525	3,630	3,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,060	1,395	1,665	12,920	6,090	6,830
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	500	365	135	3,020	2,260	760
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	255	145	110	1,205	700	510
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	255	225	25	1,815	1,565	250
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,630	595	1,035	4,940	1,735	3,205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	45	35	935	335	600
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	850	395	455	4,025	1,755	2,270
Bachelor's degree	670	305	365	2,555	1,050	1,505
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	30	35	375	140	230
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	10	175	105	65
Master's degree	85	35	50	810	370	440
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	110	85	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,950	1,875	2,065	14,720	6,955	7,765
No certificate, diploma or degree	440	250	185	1,660	940	715
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,205	605	605	4,545	2,270	2,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,310	1,025	1,285	8,515	3,745	4,775
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	355	270	80	1,900	1,420	480
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	160	100	65	695	380	315
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	185	170	20	1,200	1,035	160
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,275	460	815	3,410	1,160	2,245
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	30	30	575	190	385
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	620	260	360	2,630	975	1,660
Bachelor's degree	490	205	285	1,740	655	1,090
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	15	25	245	80	170
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	115	60	55
Master's degree	70	25	50	485	165	320
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	40	20	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,315	2,985	3,330	24,710	11,890	12,820
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,255	1,585	1,665	11,785	5,800	5,990
Education	265	90	180	1,000	285	720
13. Education	270	90	180	1,000	280	720
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	20	25	365	145	220
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	70	55	20
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0	25	295	90	200
Humanities	175	85	90	560	240	320
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	65	15	50
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	30	150	55	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	25	45	135	55	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	30	25	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	110	80	35
54. History	45	30	15	60	15	40
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275	60	215	1,210	370	840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	120	40	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	0	115	265	10	250
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	215	70	145
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	15	0	15
42. Psychology	40	10	35	215	50	165
45. Social sciences	65	30	35	380	195	180
Business, management and public administration	510	150	350	2,070	635	1,440
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	40	75	200	40	155
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	390	115	275	1,875	590	1,285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	40	40	395	230	165
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	25	25	160	85	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10	65	25	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	130	110	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	35	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	260	185	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	195	140	50
25. Library science	10	0	0	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	50	35	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	660	630	30	3,005	2,865	145
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	45	25	20
14. Engineering	50	45	0	335	285	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	110	95	10	475	425	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	200	195	10	795	785	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225	215	10	815	810	0
48. Precision production	75	75	0	545	530	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	100	25	430	290	145
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	0	225	140	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	95	15	200	145	55
Health and related fields	645	95	545	2,690	385	2,305
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	10	15	100	30	75
51. Health professions and related programs	620	85	535	2,540	325	2,215
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	40	25	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	110	140	935	475	465
12. Personal and culinary services	115	25	90	575	160	415
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	35	25	0
43. Security and protective services	90	50	45	80	60	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	40	10	255	225	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,950	1,880	2,070	14,720	6,955	7,765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,645	855	785	6,200	3,210	2,995
Education	165	55	115	550	125	425
13. Education	165	50	115	545	125	425
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	20	275	100	175
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	45	30	15
50. Visual and performing arts	25	10	15	225	70	160
Humanities	95	45	55	365	160	205
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	45	15	30
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	15	80	30	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	25	110	40	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	15	0	75	45	25
54. History	35	25	10	30	10	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	35	180	815	190	625
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	80	25	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	90	220	10	210
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	145	30	115
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	35	0	30	115	25	85
45. Social sciences	55	15	35	250	105	140
Business, management and public administration	405	130	280	1,375	390	985
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	25	55	135	10	120
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	325	105	225	1,240	375	865
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	30	30	240	120	120
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	25	105	50	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	55	15	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	70	60	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	10	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	15	180	125	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	150	115	35
25. Library science	10	0	10	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	505	475	30	1,925	1,815	105
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	35	20	20
14. Engineering	30	30	0	180	155	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	95	80	15	295	255	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	165	10	560	545	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145	135	10	485	485	0
48. Precision production	60	60	0	370	360	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	80	25	285	160	125
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	10	150	75	75
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	75	15	135	85	50
Health and related fields	475	60	415	1,880	250	1,630
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	10	10	75	15	55
51. Health professions and related programs	460	55	405	1,780	220	1,565
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	15	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	215	90	120	635	310	325
12. Personal and culinary services	95	20	70	425	140	285
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	15	0
43. Security and protective services	75	40	40	50	35	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	35	10	145	120	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,320	2,985	3,330	24,710	11,885	12,820
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,255	1,590	1,670	11,790	5,800	5,985
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,065	1,400	1,665	12,920	6,085	6,830
Location of study inside Canada	2,790	1,290	1,495	11,265	5,290	5,970
Same as province or territory of residence	2,340	1,085	1,255	8,355	3,760	4,590
Different than province or territory of residence	450	210	245	2,905	1,530	1,375
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	275	105	165	1,660	800	860
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	205	75	130	385	190	195
Philippines	15	10	10	90	20	65
India	0	0	0	110	50	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	10	545	280	265
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other	40	20	20	495	235	260
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,950	1,880	2,070	14,720	6,955	7,765
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,640	855	785	6,200	3,210	2,995
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,310	1,025	1,285	8,520	3,745	4,770
Location of study inside Canada	2,115	960	1,150	7,660	3,375	4,285
Same as province or territory of residence	1,770	805	960	5,995	2,540	3,455
Different than province or territory of residence	350	155	190	1,660	830	825
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	195	60	135	860	375	485
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	145	35	105	215	90	125
Philippines	15	10	10	75	20	65
India	0	0	0	55	25	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	195	90	100
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	15
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other	35	20	20	290	135	150
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	6,320	2,985	3,330	24,705	11,885	12,820
In the labour force	3,870	1,840	2,030	14,155	7,220	6,935
Employed	3,595	1,695	1,900	13,255	6,660	6,590
Unemployed	275	145	130	900	555	345
Not in the labour force	2,445	1,145	1,305	10,560	4,670	5,885
Participation rate	61.2	61.6	61.0	57.3	60.7	54.1
Employment rate	56.9	56.8	57.1	53.7	56.0	51.4
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.9	6.4	6.4	7.7	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	6,315	2,990	3,330	24,710	11,890	12,820
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,255	1,055	1,200	9,810	4,295	5,515
Worked	4,060	1,935	2,130	14,895	7,595	7,305
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,915	930	990	6,420	3,640	2,775
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,145	1,005	1,140	8,480	3,955	4,525
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	39.7	41.8	41.9	41.6	42.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,865	1,840	2,030	14,150	7,215	6,935
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	35	20	255	140	115
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,815	1,805	2,010	13,895	7,075	6,815
Employee	3,580	1,665	1,915	11,530	5,715	5,815
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	235	145	95	2,370	1,365	1,005
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,870	1,840	2,025	14,150	7,215	6,935
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	30	15	255	140	120
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,820	1,805	2,010	13,895	7,075	6,815
0 Management occupations	325	180	145	1,455	855	595
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	575	150	425	1,855	410	1,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	135	115	20	680	580	100
3 Health occupations	350	45	305	1,125	205	920
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	630	210	415	1,460	420	1,040
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	25	50	410	170	240
6 Sales and service occupations	1,005	405	600	3,380	1,185	2,195
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	565	545	20	2,380	2,270	110
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	85	20	575	465	110
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	55	50	10	580	505	75
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,870	1,840	2,030	14,150	7,215	6,935
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	35	20	255	140	120
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,820	1,805	2,015	13,900	7,075	6,815
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	30	10	670	475	195
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	95	15	135	125	10
22 Utilities	45	45	0	75	65	10
23 Construction	230	210	20	1,205	1,080	125
31-33 Manufacturing	130	105	25	1,240	1,060	180
41 Wholesale trade	50	40	10	280	215	70
44-45 Retail trade	625	275	345	1,900	865	1,040
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	180	145	40	485	390	90
51 Information and cultural industries	65	30	35	205	95	105
52 Finance and insurance	75	30	40	380	100	275
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	20	10	240	125	110
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	120	55	65	685	355	335
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	25	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	120	80	40	675	375	305
61 Educational services	390	115	275	895	220	680
62 Health care and social assistance	760	135	625	1,970	390	1,585
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	15	20	330	135	195
72 Accommodation and food services	355	160	195	1,170	410	760
81 Other services (except public administration)	145	60	90	645	265	375
91 Public administration	300	160	140	690	330	355
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,600	1,700	1,900	13,255	6,660	6,595
Worked at home	75	35	40	1,235	505	730
Worked outside Canada	30	10	20	25	15	10
No fixed workplace address	345	285	60	2,020	1,530	490
Worked at usual place	3,150	1,370	1,780	9,970	4,615	5,355
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,150	1,370	1,780	9,970	4,615	5,355
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,735	1,105	1,635	4,370	2,015	2,360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	310	200	100	4,050	1,625	2,425
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	100	55	45	1,425	860	565
Commute to a different province or territory	0	10	0	125	115	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,490	1,655	1,845	11,990	6,140	5,850
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,710	1,260	1,450	9,950	5,165	4,785
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	260	130	125	720	345	380
Public transit	30	25	0	195	95	105
Walked	415	175	235	665	265	400
Bicycle	35	35	0	180	105	75
Other method	40	25	20	275	165	110
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,495	1,655	1,840	11,990	6,140	5,850
Less than 15 minutes	2,560	1,080	1,480	4,990	2,140	2,855
15 to 29 minutes	455	250	210	4,170	2,145	2,025
30 to 44 minutes	185	110	80	1,135	685	455
45 to 59 minutes	115	85	35	650	425	230
60 minutes and over	175	135	45	1,040	750	285
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,495	1,655	1,840	11,990	6,140	5,850
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230	175	55	1,005	770	235
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	525	305	220	2,130	1,345	785
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	960	505	455	2,975	1,530	1,440
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,000	345	655	2,650	1,010	1,640
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	285	110	180	1,335	435	895
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	495	210	280	1,895	1,045	850
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	4,210	2,020	2,195	15,450	7,830	7,625
Single responses	4,180	2,020	2,165	15,405	7,815	7,590
Official languages	4,180	2,020	2,165	15,365	7,785	7,575
English	4,170	2,010	2,160	15,345	7,785	7,560
French	15	10	0	15	0	20
Non-official languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	15	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	0	30	50	20	35
English and French	0	0	0	15	0	15
English and non-official language	20	0	25	30	10	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	4,210	2,020	2,190	15,450	7,830	7,625
None	4,135	1,985	2,145	15,200	7,735	7,465
English	0	0	10	40	15	30
French	20	10	20	90	50	40
Non-official language	50	25	30	110	30	85
Aboriginal	40	20	20	30	0	20
Non-Aboriginal	15	10	10	90	25	60
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	7,470	3,595	3,880	28,830	13,930	14,900
Non-movers	6,475	3,100	3,370	24,960	12,090	12,875
Movers	1,005	490	510	3,870	1,845	2,030
Non-migrants	690	315	370	1,800	845	960
Migrants	310	170	140	2,070	1,000	1,070
Internal migrants	295	160	135	1,895	910	985
Intraprovincial migrants	230	120	115	1,385	670	710
Interprovincial migrants	60	50	15	510	235	275
External migrants	15	10	10	175	95	85
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	7,200	3,475	3,725	27,705	13,355	14,350
Non-movers	4,840	2,320	2,520	16,910	8,230	8,685
Movers	2,355	1,160	1,200	10,795	5,125	5,665
Non-migrants	1,525	760	765	5,285	2,550	2,735
Migrants	835	395	440	5,510	2,575	2,930
Internal migrants	775	380	390	4,945	2,300	2,645
Intraprovincial migrants	590	285	305	3,495	1,620	1,875
Interprovincial migrants	180	95	85	1,445	680	770
External migrants	65	20	45	560	280	285

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Fort Frances, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and North Cowichan, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 20, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and North Cowichan, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia