Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Penticton [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Fort Frances, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Penticton British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Penticton [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	7,739	...	...	43,432	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	7,952	...	...	42,361	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,758	...	...	21,603	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	3,449	...	...	19,883	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	303.4	...	...	25.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.51	...	...	1,724.95	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	7,740	3,725	4,015	43,435	20,635	22,800
0 to 14 years	1,235	625	610	5,155	2,635	2,515
0 to 4 years	365	185	190	1,530	785	740
5 to 9 years	410	205	200	1,800	895	905
10 to 14 years	460	235	220	1,825	955	870
15 to 64 years	4,920	2,410	2,505	25,670	12,235	13,430
15 to 19 years	495	250	245	2,140	1,060	1,075
20 to 24 years	455	230	230	1,860	975	885
25 to 29 years	430	220	210	1,855	915	935
30 to 34 years	375	170	205	2,070	990	1,080
35 to 39 years	425	200	220	2,100	1,025	1,075
40 to 44 years	470	220	245	2,185	1,015	1,170
45 to 49 years	480	220	255	2,515	1,170	1,340
50 to 54 years	565	270	295	3,260	1,510	1,755
55 to 59 years	670	340	330	3,935	1,830	2,105
60 to 64 years	560	290	270	3,750	1,750	2,000
65 years and over	1,580	680	900	12,615	5,760	6,855
65 to 69 years	465	225	240	3,580	1,730	1,850
70 to 74 years	310	150	165	2,875	1,350	1,525
75 to 79 years	285	115	165	2,290	1,020	1,275
80 to 84 years	225	90	140	1,870	890	980
85 years and over	295	105	195	1,995	775	1,225
85 to 89 years	175	60	115	1,250	530	725
90 to 94 years	90	30	60	565	195	375
95 to 99 years	25	10	15	155	45	110
100 years and over	5	0	5	20	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.0	16.8	15.2	11.9	12.8	11.0
15 to 64 years	63.6	64.7	62.4	59.1	59.3	58.9
65 years and over	20.4	18.3	22.4	29.0	27.9	30.1
85 years and over	3.8	2.8	4.9	4.6	3.8	5.4
Average age of the population	43.3	42.2	44.4	48.8	47.7	49.8
Median age of the population	44.8	43.8	45.7	53.0	51.8	53.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	3,450	...	...	19,880	...	...
Single-detached house	2,655	...	...	10,100	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	945	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	760	...	...	7,740	...	...
Semi-detached house	60	...	...	630	...	...
Row house	105	...	...	1,670	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	815	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	525	...	...	4,510	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	120	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	35	...	...	1,095	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	3,450	...	...	19,885	...	...
1 person	1,225	...	...	6,670	...	...
2 persons	1,195	...	...	8,240	...	...
3 persons	480	...	...	2,335	...	...
4 persons	350	...	...	1,735	...	...
5 or more persons	200	...	...	910	...	...
Number of persons in private households	7,550	...	...	42,105	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	6,500	3,095	3,410	38,280	17,995	20,285
Married or living common law	3,550	1,785	1,770	22,065	11,005	11,060
Married	2,795	1,410	1,385	18,260	9,105	9,155
Living common law	760	380	380	3,810	1,900	1,905
Not married and not living common law	2,950	1,310	1,640	16,210	6,990	9,220
Never married	1,715	885	835	8,170	4,385	3,780
Separated	215	95	120	1,245	530	715
Divorced	415	195	225	3,485	1,340	2,145
Widowed	595	135	465	3,315	730	2,580
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,175	...	...	12,710	...	...
2 persons	1,210	...	...	8,410	...	...
3 persons	460	...	...	2,165	...	...
4 persons	330	...	...	1,580	...	...
5 or more persons	165	...	...	560	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,175	...	...	12,710	...	...
Total couple families	1,735	...	...	10,765	...	...
Married couples	1,350	...	...	8,855	...	...
Common-law couples	380	...	...	1,900	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	440	...	...	1,955	...	...
Female parent	330	...	...	1,550	...	...
Male parent	110	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,735	...	...	10,760	...	...
Couples without children	940	...	...	7,150	...	...
Couples with children	790	...	...	3,610	...	...
1 child	340	...	...	1,650	...	...
2 children	295	...	...	1,440	...	...
3 or more children	160	...	...	525	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	440	...	...	1,950	...	...
1 child	270	...	...	1,260	...	...
2 children	120	...	...	520	...	...
3 or more children	50	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,520	675	840	9,500	4,145	5,355
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	3,450	...	...	19,880	...	...
One-census-family households	2,115	...	...	12,115	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	925	...	...	6,880	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,190	...	...	5,235	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	30	...	...	295	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,305	...	...	7,475	...	...
One-person households	1,225	...	...	6,665	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	80	...	...	810	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	7,570	3,655	3,920	42,720	20,375	22,345
English only	7,280	3,540	3,740	39,750	19,085	20,670
French only	5	5	0	20	10	15
English and French	270	100	165	2,750	1,205	1,545
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	195	75	120
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	7,575	3,655	3,920	42,720	20,375	22,340
English	7,495	3,620	3,875	41,785	19,955	21,830
French	70	30	40	690	330	360
English and French	0	0	0	60	20	35
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	185	65	115
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	70	30	45	715	340	375
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.8	1.1	1.7	1.7	1.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	7,575	3,655	3,920	42,715	20,375	22,345
Single responses	7,545	3,640	3,905	42,285	20,170	22,115
Official languages	7,255	3,510	3,745	37,980	18,225	19,755
English	7,170	3,470	3,695	37,215	17,875	19,345
French	85	35	50	760	350	410
Non-official languages	295	130	165	4,305	1,945	2,360
Aboriginal languages	75	30	45	65	30	35
Algonquian languages	70	30	40	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	70	25	45	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	65	25	45	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	50	20	30
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	220	100	115	4,245	1,915	2,325
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	35	20	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Amharic	5	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	25	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	75	30	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	5	0	0	70	25	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	230	75	155
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	200	70	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	155	75	85	3,360	1,565	1,795
Albanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	65	35	30	515	205	310
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	70	35	30	510	205	305
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	45	25	20
Czech	0	0	0	60	25	35
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	90	30	60
Russian	0	0	0	95	40	50
Serbian	5	0	5	25	10	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ukrainian	50	20	25	135	50	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	30	1,445	680	765
Afrikaans	0	0	0	40	15	20
Danish	0	0	0	55	20	35
Dutch	5	5	5	290	135	150
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	45	20	25	1,005	480	520
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Swedish	0	0	5	35	15	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	705	345	365
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	680	335	350
Bengali	5	5	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	630	300	325
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	20	605	290	315
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	5	155	85	80
Portuguese	5	5	5	270	135	140
Romanian	5	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	10	0	5	155	70	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	75	35	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	170	65	105
Chinese languages	15	5	10	170	65	100
Cantonese	10	5	10	95	35	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	45	20	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	15	5	15
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	15	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	185	80	105
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	10	5	10	45	15	25
Hungarian	5	5	0	135	60	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	430	205	225
English and French	5	0	5	100	50	50
English and non-official language	20	10	10	310	145	170
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	7,575	3,650	3,920	42,720	20,375	22,340
Single responses	7,515	3,625	3,885	42,030	20,070	21,960
Official languages	7,450	3,605	3,850	40,670	19,445	21,220
English	7,440	3,590	3,845	40,465	19,350	21,110
French	15	10	5	205	90	110
Non-official languages	60	25	35	1,365	625	735
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	20	25	1,340	615	730
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	5	0	5	40	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	85	45	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	80	40	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	975	450	525
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	0	95	40	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	5	0	95	40	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	20	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Serbian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	210	95	110
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	30	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	145	65	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	485	235	250
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	475	230	250
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	445	215	225
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	160	70	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	95	45	55
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	20	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	90	40	50
Chinese languages	5	0	5	90	40	50
Cantonese	5	0	0	45	20	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	60	30	35	685	305	385
English and French	10	0	5	50	25	30
English and non-official language	50	25	30	625	275	350
French and non-official language	5	5	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	7,575	3,650	3,920	42,715	20,375	22,340
None	7,355	3,545	3,805	40,340	19,305	21,035
English	35	15	20	650	305	350
French	30	15	15	425	190	240
Non-official language	150	75	75	1,275	570	705
Aboriginal	75	35	40	85	45	45
Non-Aboriginal	75	40	40	1,185	525	660
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
French and non-official language	0	0	5	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,315	3,010	3,305	36,970	17,465	19,500
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,130	2,915	3,210	36,220	17,130	19,090
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,703	45,146	30,640	31,037	37,156	26,671
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,135	2,915	3,215	36,250	17,150	19,100
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,936	39,654	27,960	28,143	32,817	24,947
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,550	2,675	2,880	32,570	15,570	16,995
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,506	40,180	25,884	26,467	32,854	21,809
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,620	2,090	2,530	27,590	12,195	15,400
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,345	8,424	8,016	9,787	10,863	9,107
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,360	2,160	2,195	24,885	12,310	12,575
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,653	36,836	30,074	25,942	30,976	22,701
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	6,320	2,985	3,330	36,970	17,450	19,515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,110	2,890	3,215	36,250	17,115	19,140
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,250	50,158	37,034	42,243	51,002	34,410
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,115	2,890	3,220	36,305	17,145	19,160
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,817	41,985	32,177	35,992	42,412	30,246
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,540	2,635	2,895	32,520	15,555	16,960
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,120	47,694	33,223	39,077	48,310	30,607
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,710	2,150	2,555	27,550	12,250	15,300
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,936	8,961	8,914	9,463	9,900	9,113
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,355	2,130	2,225	24,885	12,255	12,630
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,877	44,845	35,126	35,593	41,865	29,509
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	6,315	2,990	3,330	36,965	17,455	19,515
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,900	915	985	9,335	4,970	4,365
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,293	59,137	45,361	48,381	53,926	43,195
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,498	68,350	51,277	56,511	63,242	48,839
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.0	87.2	80.2	82.8	86.1	78.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.6	65.9	64.8	59.9	62.8	56.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.9	12.8	19.8	17.2	13.9	21.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	6,315	3,015	3,305	36,965	17,465	19,500
Without total income	190	95	95	750	340	415
With total income	6,130	2,915	3,210	36,215	17,125	19,090
Percentage with total income	97.1	96.7	97.1	98.0	98.1	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	715	310	405	4,285	1,760	2,530
$10,000 to $19,999	995	375	620	7,210	2,765	4,435
$20,000 to $29,999	855	300	550	6,090	2,475	3,615
$30,000 to $39,999	765	305	455	4,910	2,150	2,755
$40,000 to $49,999	765	355	410	3,920	1,925	2,000
$50,000 to $59,999	610	365	240	2,775	1,485	1,285
$60,000 to $69,999	430	260	175	1,955	1,200	755
$70,000 to $79,999	285	180	105	1,360	830	535
$80,000 to $89,999	170	105	70	1,005	625	380
$90,000 to $99,999	180	110	75	705	430	270
$100,000 and over	355	255	105	2,005	1,475	525
$100,000 to $149,999	275	185	90	1,335	960	370
$150,000 and over	75	70	15	670	515	155
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,315	3,010	3,305	36,965	17,470	19,505
Without after-tax income	185	95	85	715	315	400
With after-tax income	6,135	2,915	3,220	36,255	17,155	19,100
Percentage with after-tax income	97.1	96.8	97.4	98.1	98.2	97.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	760	315	445	4,555	1,880	2,675
$10,000 to $19,999	1,050	400	650	7,580	3,015	4,570
$20,000 to $29,999	985	365	625	7,195	2,960	4,235
$30,000 to $39,999	935	395	540	5,580	2,595	2,985
$40,000 to $49,999	875	485	390	3,950	2,015	1,940
$50,000 to $59,999	580	350	230	2,570	1,515	1,055
$60,000 to $69,999	340	205	130	1,625	990	630
$70,000 to $79,999	260	145	115	1,125	705	420
$80,000 and over	355	260	95	2,075	1,475	595
$80,000 to $89,999	150	85	65	640	420	215
$90,000 to $99,999	65	60	10	390	285	105
$100,000 and over	140	110	30	1,045	770	275
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	6,320	3,015	3,305	36,970	17,470	19,500
Without employment income	1,960	850	1,110	12,085	5,160	6,925
With employment income	4,360	2,160	2,195	24,885	12,310	12,575
Percentage with employment income	69.0	71.6	66.4	67.3	70.5	64.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	635	335	295	5,200	2,445	2,765
$5,000 to $9,999	385	175	210	2,130	960	1,175
$10,000 to $19,999	540	240	305	3,300	1,395	1,905
$20,000 to $29,999	475	200	280	2,945	1,240	1,705
$30,000 to $39,999	485	195	285	2,655	1,145	1,515
$40,000 to $49,999	475	195	280	2,220	1,040	1,180
$50,000 to $59,999	370	205	160	1,675	910	765
$60,000 to $69,999	255	130	120	1,280	790	495
$70,000 to $79,999	185	115	70	950	565	385
$80,000 and over	550	365	180	2,510	1,830	685
$80,000 to $89,999	140	85	55	710	440	265
$90,000 to $99,999	155	90	65	490	340	150
$100,000 and over	260	195	65	1,315	1,045	270
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	3,450	...	...	19,880	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,928	...	...	57,395	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,448	...	...	51,432	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,225	...	...	6,670	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,440	...	...	29,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,729	...	...	27,174	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,225	...	...	13,215	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,197	...	...	76,216	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,752	...	...	67,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	3,450	...	...	19,885	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,591	...	...	77,021	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,284	...	...	65,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,240	...	...	6,685	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,138	...	...	38,019	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,549	...	...	33,199	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,210	...	...	13,195	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,980	...	...	96,786	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,474	...	...	82,200	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	3,450	...	...	19,885	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	205	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	205	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	690	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	165	...	...	1,095	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	205	...	...	1,225	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	980	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	150	...	...	1,130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...	1,150	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	145	...	...	1,000	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	160	...	...	925	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	310	...	...	1,735	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	265	...	...	1,535	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	225	...	...	1,340	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	215	...	...	1,115	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	175	...	...	940	...	...
$100,000 and over	930	...	...	4,610	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	380	...	...	1,775	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	1,050	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	225	...	...	1,015	...	...
$200,000 and over	115	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,450	...	...	19,880	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	235	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	215	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	700	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	170	...	...	1,130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	225	...	...	1,410	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	180	...	...	1,170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	1,380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	185	...	...	1,240	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	195	...	...	1,165	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	175	...	...	1,010	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	340	...	...	1,920	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	280	...	...	1,710	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	275	...	...	1,360	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	240	...	...	1,070	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	170	...	...	950	...	...
$100,000 and over	635	...	...	3,225	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	290	...	...	1,465	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	175	...	...	790	...	...
$150,000 and over	170	...	...	970	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,175	...	...	12,600	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,248	...	...	75,890	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,752	...	...	66,972	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	910	...	...	6,770	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,030	...	...	70,406	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,731	...	...	62,618	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	795	...	...	3,650	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,088	...	...	107,869	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,095	...	...	93,420	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	425	...	...	1,830	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,072	...	...	45,422	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,592	...	...	42,240	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,175	...	...	12,630	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,047	...	...	96,812	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,497	...	...	82,041	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	915	...	...	6,805	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,732	...	...	83,763	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,409	...	...	71,624	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	765	...	...	3,630	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,530	...	...	142,903	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,474	...	...	118,593	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...	1,850	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,060	...	...	55,201	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,814	...	...	48,810	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,380	615	765	8,680	3,805	4,870
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,712	36,512	29,376	27,714	28,192	27,621
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,851	31,808	27,456	25,866	25,961	25,799
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,365	580	785	8,630	3,735	4,900
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,089	40,267	38,218	35,747	37,514	34,400
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,674	34,130	33,338	31,331	32,444	30,483
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	7,550	3,635	3,915	42,105	20,095	22,010
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,665	1,675	1,990	23,510	10,740	12,765
In the bottom decile	780	370	405	4,380	2,050	2,325
In the second decile	700	295	410	5,365	2,300	3,065
In the third decile	715	310	400	4,805	2,160	2,645
In the fourth decile	705	315	385	4,510	2,125	2,380
In the fifth decile	775	380	395	4,450	2,100	2,355
In the top half of the distribution	3,885	1,960	1,925	18,600	9,360	9,245
In the sixth decile	815	415	395	4,415	2,175	2,250
In the seventh decile	880	430	445	3,970	1,940	2,030
In the eighth decile	905	465	440	3,660	1,885	1,770
In the ninth decile	810	410	400	3,405	1,730	1,680
In the top decile	480	240	240	3,145	1,630	1,515
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	7,550	3,635	3,915	40,325	19,235	21,090
0 to 17 years	1,535	770	765	6,145	3,120	3,020
0 to 5 years	445	220	225	1,775	910	865
18 to 64 years	4,585	2,235	2,350	23,230	11,025	12,210
65 years and over	1,435	630	800	10,945	5,090	5,865
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,155	535	620	6,360	2,760	3,600
0 to 17 years	325	165	155	1,180	585	590
0 to 5 years	120	60	60	355	175	185
18 to 64 years	630	310	320	3,420	1,510	1,905
65 years and over	205	60	150	1,765	665	1,095
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	14.7	15.8	15.8	14.3	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	21.2	21.4	20.3	19.2	18.8	19.5
0 to 5 years (%)	27.0	27.3	26.7	20.0	19.2	21.4
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	13.9	13.6	14.7	13.7	15.6
65 years and over (%)	14.3	9.5	18.8	16.1	13.1	18.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	485	240	240	2,990	1,460	1,530
0 to 17 years	120	55	65	550	255	290
0 to 5 years	45	15	25	170	80	95
18 to 64 years	335	175	160	2,220	1,120	1,100
65 years and over	30	15	15	220	80	135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.6	6.1	7.4	7.6	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.8	7.1	8.5	9.0	8.2	9.6
0 to 5 years (%)	10.1	6.8	11.1	9.6	8.8	11.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.3	7.8	6.8	9.6	10.2	9.0
65 years and over (%)	2.1	2.4	1.9	2.0	1.6	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	7,550	3,635	3,915	42,105	20,095	22,010
Official languages	7,540	3,635	3,905	41,910	20,030	21,880
English	7,535	3,630	3,905	41,890	20,020	21,875
French	275	95	180	2,800	1,235	1,565
Non-official languages	455	215	240	5,275	2,345	2,930
Aboriginal languages	180	90	90	180	75	105
Algonquian languages	175	90	85	15	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	15	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	170	85	85	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	170	85	85	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	155	65	90
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	150	70	90
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	270	125	145	5,100	2,275	2,825
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	10	0	0	85	45	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	10	20	280	65	220
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	0	15	260	55	205
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	185	80	100	4,040	1,895	2,145
Albanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	30	505	215	285
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages	55	30	30	500	215	280
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	0	10	50	35	15
Czech	0	0	0	50	25	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	140	55	85
Russian	0	0	0	130	50	80
Serbian	25	0	15	15	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	40	10	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	25	10	15	90	45	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	30	45	1,470	700	765
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	45
Danish	0	0	0	60	20	35
Dutch	10	0	0	270	115	150
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	30	40	1,075	525	545
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	820	410	410
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	800	390	405
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	100	50	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	750	360	390
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	25	30	1,280	600	675
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italian	15	0	10	275	150	125
Portuguese	0	0	0	300	155	150
Romanian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Spanish	30	15	15	755	340	415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	95	40	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	40	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	65	30	30
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	35	20	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	170	80	90
Chinese languages	20	0	10	165	80	90
Cantonese	20	10	10	70	35	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	80	30	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	40	10	30
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	40	15	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	205	65	140
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	30	0	30
Hungarian	0	0	10	170	60	110
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	7,555	3,635	3,915	42,105	20,095	22,010
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	7,355	3,575	3,780	40,710	19,400	21,305
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,535	815	720	6,250	3,220	3,030
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,825	2,760	3,060	34,460	16,180	18,280
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	195	60	135	1,400	695	700
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	7,555	3,635	3,915	42,105	20,095	22,010
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	7,130	3,455	3,680	36,260	17,360	18,895
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	385	160	225	5,715	2,655	3,060
Before 1981	225	90	130	3,350	1,630	1,720
1981 to 1990	70	30	40	545	210	335
1991 to 2000	40	20	20	705	270	440
2001 to 2010	35	10	20	690	330	360
2001 to 2005	15	0	15	305	150	155
2006 to 2010	20	15	0	385	180	205
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	25	15	10	425	220	200
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	20	10	130	75	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	390	160	225	5,715	2,660	3,055
Under 5 years	45	35	10	600	340	260
5 to 14 years	80	30	45	895	375	520
15 to 24 years	115	25	90	1,500	665	835
25 to 44 years	135	65	70	2,245	1,080	1,165
45 years and over	15	0	10	475	200	280
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	385	160	225	5,715	2,660	3,060
Americas	220	85	130	765	345	420
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	15
Colombia	0	0	0	0	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	10	15	10	10
Mexico	15	0	10	35	15	20
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	190	75	110	535	245	290
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	10	115	60	55
Europe	125	55	65	3,430	1,680	1,745
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	10	10	0	45	25	15
France	0	0	0	55	35	20
Germany	15	0	15	550	270	275
Greece	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hungary	0	0	0	110	40	70
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Italy	20	10	10	140	85	50
Netherlands	10	10	0	225	120	105
Poland	0	0	0	105	35	65
Portugal	0	0	0	245	130	120
Romania	0	0	0	50	25	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	0	15
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	10	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	45	10	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	55	20	35	1,395	665	730
Other places of birth in Europe	10	15	0	370	190	180
Africa	0	0	0	170	70	100
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	120	50	70
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15
Asia	45	20	30	1,215	470	745
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	90	45	45
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	55	25	25
India	0	0	0	530	255	275
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	15	10
Iraq	0	0	0	15	10	10
Japan	0	0	0	30	0	30
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	75	35	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	20	0	15	250	40	210
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	30	30
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	10	85	25	60
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	140	90	50
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	15	10	420	220	200
Americas	20	10	10	45	15	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	25	10	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	150	85	65
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	35	35	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	75	30	45
Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	170	75	100
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	70	40	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	45	10	35
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Australia	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	7,550	3,635	3,915	42,105	20,095	22,010
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	480	220	265	6,105	2,880	3,230
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,270	600	665	8,960	4,340	4,625
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,800	2,815	2,985	27,040	12,880	14,155
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	175	75	100	2,460	1,065	1,395
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	55	25	30	1,070	480	590
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	15	15	570	315	260
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	25	10	15	505	170	330
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	95	40	60	1,230	505	730
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	20	10	10	130	75	60
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	0	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	7,555	3,635	3,915	42,110	20,095	22,015
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,870	1,015	860	3,300	1,540	1,765
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,830	985	845	3,215	1,485	1,730
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,095	595	500	1,695	740	955
Métis	735	385	345	1,475	715	760
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	45	30	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	20	10	70	50	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,685	2,625	3,055	38,805	18,555	20,250
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	7,550	3,640	3,915	42,105	20,095	22,015
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,060	575	485	1,240	590	650
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	6,495	3,060	3,430	40,870	19,505	21,360
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	7,550	3,635	3,915	42,105	20,095	22,010
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	555	320	235	850	415	435
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	540	310	230	835	405	425
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	445	260	185	685	330	350
Métis single ancestry	95	50	45	140	65	70
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,300	685	610	2,990	1,345	1,645
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,195	635	565	2,890	1,325	1,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	630	310	320	1,685	730	955
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	570	330	240	1,175	575	605
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	105	50	55	100	20	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	100	45	50	100	15	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,695	2,630	3,070	38,270	18,335	19,935
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	7,550	3,635	3,915	42,105	20,095	22,010
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	150	70	80	2,465	1,100	1,370
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	960	470	490
Chinese	15	10	10	290	145	140
Black	35	10	25	115	40	80
Filipino	35	20	15	365	110	260
Latin American	30	20	15	120	50	70
Arab	0	0	0	30	15	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	25	15	15	160	70	90
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Korean	0	0	0	100	40	60
Japanese	10	0	0	200	85	115
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	25	0	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	80	55	25
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	7,400	3,565	3,840	39,640	18,995	20,640
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	7,550	3,635	3,915	42,105	20,095	22,010
North American Aboriginal origins	1,850	1,005	850	3,840	1,760	2,080
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,185	625	560	2,490	1,090	1,400
Inuit	0	0	0	35	30	10
Métis	780	435	345	1,430	665	765
Other North American origins	2,310	1,115	1,195	11,300	5,350	5,950
Acadian	0	0	0	85	40	45
American	130	70	60	885	460	420
Canadian	2,245	1,085	1,155	10,650	5,005	5,640
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	0	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	10
European origins	6,035	2,840	3,195	34,710	16,490	18,215
British Isles origins	4,015	1,930	2,085	23,595	11,270	12,330
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,330	1,090	1,235	15,225	7,350	7,870
Irish	1,775	900	875	8,135	3,585	4,545
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish	1,780	900	880	10,130	4,795	5,335
Welsh	140	75	65	1,275	605	670
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	100	60	40	1,090	470	620
French origins	1,470	660	815	5,015	2,230	2,785
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,475	655	815	5,020	2,235	2,785
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,355	640	715	10,640	4,885	5,760
Austrian	65	25	40	700	305	395
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	20	10	0	260	120	140
Dutch	350	195	150	2,450	1,135	1,315
Flemish	10	0	10	10	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,020	470	545	7,775	3,470	4,305
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	30	10	15	410	230	180
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,320	650	665	4,140	1,850	2,295
Danish	80	25	50	555	225	335
Finnish	300	155	135	325	155	170
Icelandic	20	10	10	320	140	180
Norwegian	545	275	270	1,805	830	975
Swedish	530	255	275	1,400	610	790
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	40	15	25	180	100	85
Eastern European origins	1,555	680	875	6,735	3,110	3,625
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	0	15
Czech	25	15	10	200	110	90
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	110	45	60
Estonian	10	0	0	40	10	25
Hungarian	130	75	55	850	365	490
Latvian	0	0	0	60	40	25
Lithuanian	10	0	15	70	40	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	335	145	185	1,610	715	895
Romanian	50	10	35	320	155	165
Russian	80	30	50	1,440	650	790
Slovak	0	0	0	165	80	80
Ukrainian	1,150	500	650	2,960	1,420	1,540
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	10	10	10
Southern European origins	380	165	215	2,935	1,415	1,515
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	230	110	115
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	165	85	80
Italian	300	130	170	1,580	755	825
Kosovar	0	0	0	10	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	10	620	340	285
Serbian	35	15	20	70	40	30
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Spanish	15	0	10	305	110	195
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	70	30	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	45	30	15	270	115	150
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	25	10	10	80	35	50
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	15	10	180	80	100
Caribbean origins	15	10	0	80	35	45
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	10	10	10	30	20	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	0	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	30	20	10	345	175	170
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	25	20	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	35	15	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexican	20	0	10	130	65	60
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	30	30	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	25	0	20
African origins	30	15	15	325	145	180
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	10	0	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	10	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	10	0	110	45	65
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	95	40	60
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	10	15	195	90	95
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	25	10	15	140	75	70
Asian origins	95	45	50	2,510	1,160	1,350
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	10	10	185	105	75
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	10	45	35	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	10	0	0	30	15	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	0	0	965	470	495
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	815	395	420
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	15	15	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	140	70	70
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	85	40	45	1,355	585	770
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	25	0	20
Chinese	30	10	20	440	235	210
Filipino	25	15	10	425	125	295
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Japanese	10	0	0	240	110	135
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	105	40	65
Laotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	10	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	30
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	115	70	45
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	220	120	100
Australian	0	0	0	125	70	60
New Zealander	0	0	0	35	30	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	70	20	45
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Maori	0	0	0	15	0	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Samoan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	3,450	...	...	19,885	...	...
Owner	2,480	...	...	13,585	...	...
Renter	970	...	...	6,275	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	3,450	...	...	19,880	...	...
Condominium	60	...	...	3,910	...	...
Not condominium	3,390	...	...	15,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	3,450	...	...	19,885	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	150	...	...
1 bedroom	425	...	...	2,540	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,100	...	...	7,045	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,215	...	...	5,630	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	705	...	...	4,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	3,450	...	...	19,885	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	850	...	...	5,670	...	...
5 rooms	640	...	...	3,730	...	...
6 rooms	590	...	...	2,690	...	...
7 rooms	420	...	...	2,255	...	...
8 or more rooms	945	...	...	5,545	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	3,445	...	...	19,885	...	...
One person or fewer per room	3,420	...	...	19,775	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	3,450	...	...	19,885	...	...
Suitable	3,335	...	...	19,350	...	...
Not suitable	110	...	...	540	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	3,450	...	...	19,885	...	...
1960 or before	1,645	...	...	3,280	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,120	...	...	6,345	...	...
1981 to 1990	320	...	...	3,280	...	...
1991 to 2000	230	...	...	3,565	...	...
2001 to 2005	60	...	...	1,125	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	1,415	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	40	...	...	880	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	3,450	...	...	19,880	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,100	...	...	18,650	...	...
Major repairs needed	350	...	...	1,235	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	3,450	...	...	19,885	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,145	...	...	11,825	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,265	...	...	7,635	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	35	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	3,450	...	...	19,880	...	...
15 to 24 years	120	...	...	450	...	...
25 to 34 years	410	...	...	1,705	...	...
35 to 44 years	520	...	...	2,155	...	...
45 to 54 years	610	...	...	3,355	...	...
55 to 64 years	770	...	...	4,505	...	...
65 to 74 years	490	...	...	3,845	...	...
75 to 84 years	370	...	...	2,685	...	...
85 years and over	155	...	...	1,190	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	3,450	...	...	18,905	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,800	...	...	13,910	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	650	...	...	5,000	...	...
30% to less than 100%	590	...	...	4,535	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,480	...	...	12,710	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.2	...	...	52.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.1	...	...	15.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	804	...	...	792	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	962	...	...	1,044	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,253	...	...	383,005	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	165,673	...	...	424,045	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	965	...	...	6,205	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	32.5	...	...	14.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	44.0	...	...	48.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	742	...	...	911	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	726	...	...	1,038	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,320	2,990	3,330	36,970	17,450	19,515
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,370	700	675	6,670	3,385	3,290
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,880	890	990	11,200	5,045	6,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,060	1,395	1,665	19,090	9,025	10,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	500	365	135	4,530	3,225	1,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	255	145	110	1,980	1,075	900
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	255	225	25	2,555	2,150	405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,630	595	1,035	7,980	2,820	5,155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	85	45	35	1,120	390	730
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	850	395	455	5,460	2,585	2,880
Bachelor's degree	670	305	365	3,570	1,645	1,930
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	30	35	380	155	225
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	20	15	10	260	150	110
Master's degree	85	35	50	1,105	530	570
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	145	95	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,950	1,875	2,065	21,345	9,960	11,385
No certificate, diploma or degree	440	250	185	2,525	1,410	1,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,205	605	605	6,240	2,955	3,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,310	1,025	1,285	12,585	5,595	6,990
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	355	270	80	2,670	1,900	770
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	160	100	65	1,165	620	540
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	185	170	20	1,505	1,275	230
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,275	460	815	5,400	1,845	3,550
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	30	30	660	200	455
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	620	260	360	3,855	1,645	2,215
Bachelor's degree	490	205	285	2,575	1,080	1,495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	15	25	290	130	160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	195	100	100
Master's degree	70	25	50	720	285	435
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	70	50	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,315	2,985	3,330	36,965	17,455	19,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,255	1,585	1,665	17,875	8,430	9,445
Education	265	90	180	1,660	525	1,135
13. Education	270	90	180	1,660	520	1,135
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	20	25	585	235	350
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	160	105	50
50. Visual and performing arts	30	0	25	425	130	295
Humanities	175	85	90	695	290	410
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	45	0	40
23. English language and literature/letters	45	10	30	185	80	105
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	25	45	220	80	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	25	10	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	15	0	75	45	30
54. History	45	30	15	110	55	55
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	30	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	275	60	215	1,515	525	995
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	80	25	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	0	115	390	40	345
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	0	280	100	180
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	30	10	25
42. Psychology	40	10	35	275	85	190
45. Social sciences	65	30	35	440	250	190
Business, management and public administration	510	150	350	3,540	1,200	2,340
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	115	40	75	290	50	240
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	390	115	275	3,225	1,145	2,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	40	40	515	280	240
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	55	25	25	230	120	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10	100	45	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	125	90	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	65	20	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	310	215	95
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	10	0	210	170	35
25. Library science	10	0	0	45	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	45	30	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	660	630	30	4,250	3,935	315
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	85	45	35
14. Engineering	50	45	0	305	275	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	110	95	10	760	645	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	200	195	10	1,230	1,175	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225	215	10	1,165	1,125	40
48. Precision production	75	75	0	705	670	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	100	25	580	360	215
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	0	375	205	170
03. Natural resources and conservation	110	95	15	205	155	50
Health and related fields	645	95	545	3,900	750	3,155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	10	15	370	190	180
51. Health professions and related programs	620	85	535	3,460	520	2,940
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	75	40	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	110	140	1,535	715	820
12. Personal and culinary services	115	25	90	1,050	285	765
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	35	0
43. Security and protective services	90	50	45	155	125	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	40	10	290	265	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,950	1,880	2,070	21,345	9,960	11,390
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,645	855	785	8,765	4,365	4,400
Education	165	55	115	955	245	705
13. Education	165	50	115	955	245	705
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	25	10	20	410	150	255
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	80	60	25
50. Visual and performing arts	25	10	15	325	95	230
Humanities	95	45	55	460	195	260
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	30	10	30
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	15	125	55	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	0	25	145	65	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	15	0	45	30	20
54. History	35	25	10	80	35	45
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	35	180	1,100	345	750
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	20	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	75	25	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	90	245	20	230
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	205	65	145
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	15	0	15
42. Psychology	35	0	30	195	40	155
45. Social sciences	55	15	35	335	180	155
Business, management and public administration	405	130	280	2,285	720	1,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	25	55	225	35	190
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	325	105	225	2,035	675	1,355
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	30	30	335	155	180
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	25	165	75	90
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	60	25	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	80	55	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	35	0	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	15	260	170	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15	10	0	190	150	35
25. Library science	10	0	10	30	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	505	475	30	2,635	2,380	250
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	60	25	35
14. Engineering	30	30	0	205	170	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	95	80	15	505	415	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	170	165	10	770	725	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	145	135	10	690	660	25
48. Precision production	60	60	0	405	390	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	80	25	420	245	170
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	10	265	145	120
03. Natural resources and conservation	95	75	15	160	105	50
Health and related fields	475	60	415	2,710	515	2,195
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	10	10	265	135	140
51. Health professions and related programs	460	55	405	2,380	350	2,030
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	65	35	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	215	90	120	1,025	465	560
12. Personal and culinary services	95	20	70	685	180	510
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	75	40	40	130	100	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	35	10	200	175	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,320	2,985	3,330	36,970	17,455	19,515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,255	1,590	1,670	17,875	8,430	9,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,065	1,400	1,665	19,090	9,020	10,070
Location of study inside Canada	2,790	1,290	1,495	16,510	7,630	8,885
Same as province or territory of residence	2,340	1,085	1,255	11,650	5,265	6,380
Different than province or territory of residence	450	210	245	4,865	2,370	2,500
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	275	105	165	2,580	1,390	1,185
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	205	75	130	715	445	265
Philippines	15	10	10	120	25	95
India	0	0	0	125	75	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	10	535	275	265
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	0	10
France	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other	40	20	20	1,025	545	485
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,950	1,880	2,070	21,345	9,960	11,385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,640	855	785	8,765	4,365	4,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,310	1,025	1,285	12,580	5,595	6,990
Location of study inside Canada	2,115	960	1,150	11,225	4,920	6,300
Same as province or territory of residence	1,770	805	960	8,390	3,620	4,770
Different than province or territory of residence	350	155	190	2,835	1,305	1,535
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	195	60	135	1,360	670	685
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	145	35	105	405	225	175
Philippines	15	10	10	105	25	75
India	0	0	0	100	50	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	220	105	120
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	35	20	20	500	250	250
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	6,320	2,985	3,330	36,965	17,450	19,520
In the labour force	3,870	1,840	2,030	20,810	10,400	10,420
Employed	3,595	1,695	1,900	19,040	9,375	9,660
Unemployed	275	145	130	1,780	1,020	755
Not in the labour force	2,445	1,145	1,305	16,155	7,055	9,100
Participation rate	61.2	61.6	61.0	56.3	59.6	53.4
Employment rate	56.9	56.8	57.1	51.5	53.7	49.5
Unemployment rate	7.1	7.9	6.4	8.6	9.8	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	6,315	2,990	3,330	36,965	17,450	19,520
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,255	1,055	1,200	14,920	6,520	8,405
Worked	4,060	1,935	2,130	22,045	10,935	11,115
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,915	930	990	9,560	5,110	4,450
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,145	1,005	1,140	12,485	5,825	6,665
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	39.7	41.8	40.8	41.0	40.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,865	1,840	2,030	20,815	10,395	10,420
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	35	20	345	170	170
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,815	1,805	2,010	20,475	10,225	10,245
Employee	3,580	1,665	1,915	17,470	8,430	9,045
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	235	145	95	3,000	1,795	1,200
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,870	1,840	2,025	20,815	10,395	10,420
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	55	30	15	345	170	170
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,820	1,805	2,010	20,470	10,225	10,245
0 Management occupations	325	180	145	2,170	1,280	890
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	575	150	425	2,730	625	2,100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	135	115	20	935	690	245
3 Health occupations	350	45	305	1,760	340	1,420
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	630	210	415	1,855	570	1,290
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	25	50	530	245	280
6 Sales and service occupations	1,005	405	600	5,710	2,260	3,455
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	565	545	20	3,385	3,150	235
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	85	20	715	520	190
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	55	50	10	685	550	135
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,870	1,840	2,030	20,810	10,395	10,415
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	35	20	340	170	175
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,820	1,805	2,015	20,470	10,230	10,240
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	30	10	765	440	330
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	115	95	15	295	265	35
22 Utilities	45	45	0	85	65	20
23 Construction	230	210	20	1,945	1,740	205
31-33 Manufacturing	130	105	25	1,460	1,120	340
41 Wholesale trade	50	40	10	480	355	120
44-45 Retail trade	625	275	345	2,885	1,300	1,590
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	180	145	40	680	475	200
51 Information and cultural industries	65	30	35	270	125	145
52 Finance and insurance	75	30	40	590	195	400
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	20	10	470	240	225
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	120	55	65	985	505	475
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	120	80	40	765	485	280
61 Educational services	390	115	275	1,100	380	720
62 Health care and social assistance	760	135	625	3,000	565	2,440
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	15	20	520	255	270
72 Accommodation and food services	355	160	195	2,130	830	1,295
81 Other services (except public administration)	145	60	90	885	320	570
91 Public administration	300	160	140	1,165	565	600
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,600	1,700	1,900	19,035	9,375	9,660
Worked at home	75	35	40	1,565	720	840
Worked outside Canada	30	10	20	75	35	40
No fixed workplace address	345	285	60	2,485	1,855	630
Worked at usual place	3,150	1,370	1,780	14,915	6,765	8,155
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,150	1,370	1,780	14,920	6,760	8,155
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,735	1,105	1,635	10,415	4,500	5,915
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	310	200	100	3,625	1,715	1,910
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	100	55	45	630	380	250
Commute to a different province or territory	0	10	0	240	165	70
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,490	1,655	1,845	17,400	8,620	8,785
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,710	1,260	1,450	13,275	6,595	6,675
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	260	130	125	1,200	540	655
Public transit	30	25	0	330	110	215
Walked	415	175	235	1,780	765	1,010
Bicycle	35	35	0	370	260	110
Other method	40	25	20	450	340	110
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,495	1,655	1,840	17,405	8,620	8,785
Less than 15 minutes	2,560	1,080	1,480	10,180	4,620	5,560
15 to 29 minutes	455	250	210	4,660	2,375	2,280
30 to 44 minutes	185	110	80	1,440	860	580
45 to 59 minutes	115	85	35	420	270	155
60 minutes and over	175	135	45	705	495	210
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,495	1,655	1,840	17,400	8,620	8,780
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	230	175	55	885	670	215
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	525	305	220	3,325	2,055	1,270
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	960	505	455	4,410	2,370	2,045
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,000	345	655	4,070	1,450	2,620
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	285	110	180	2,240	905	1,335
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	495	210	280	2,470	1,170	1,300
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	4,210	2,020	2,195	22,865	11,305	11,565
Single responses	4,180	2,020	2,165	22,750	11,245	11,505
Official languages	4,180	2,020	2,165	22,645	11,185	11,465
English	4,170	2,010	2,160	22,605	11,165	11,435
French	15	10	0	45	20	25
Non-official languages	0	0	0	95	60	35
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	100	60	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	80	45	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	75	45	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	45	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	0	30	115	60	60
English and French	0	0	0	30	10	20
English and non-official language	20	0	25	90	45	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	4,210	2,020	2,190	22,865	11,305	11,565
None	4,135	1,985	2,145	22,320	11,030	11,285
English	0	0	10	80	40	35
French	20	10	20	240	145	95
Non-official language	50	25	30	210	80	130
Aboriginal	40	20	20	35	10	25
Non-Aboriginal	15	10	10	175	70	105
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	7,470	3,595	3,880	41,795	19,930	21,870
Non-movers	6,475	3,100	3,370	34,860	16,605	18,255
Movers	1,005	490	510	6,930	3,320	3,610
Non-migrants	690	315	370	3,395	1,650	1,740
Migrants	310	170	140	3,540	1,675	1,865
Internal migrants	295	160	135	3,365	1,625	1,745
Intraprovincial migrants	230	120	115	2,415	1,145	1,270
Interprovincial migrants	60	50	15	955	480	480
External migrants	15	10	10	175	50	125
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	7,200	3,475	3,725	40,575	19,300	21,280
Non-movers	4,840	2,320	2,520	23,100	10,990	12,115
Movers	2,355	1,160	1,200	17,475	8,310	9,165
Non-migrants	1,525	760	765	7,805	3,790	4,010
Migrants	835	395	440	9,670	4,515	5,150
Internal migrants	775	380	390	9,180	4,275	4,910
Intraprovincial migrants	590	285	305	6,665	3,085	3,580
Interprovincial migrants	180	95	85	2,515	1,190	1,330
External migrants	65	20	45	485	245	240

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Fort Frances, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Penticton [Census agglomeration], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 20, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Penticton [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Penticton [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fort Frances, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Penticton [Census agglomeration], British Columbia