Census Profile, 2016 Census
Big Grassy River 35G, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Big Grassy River 35G, IRI Ontario [Census subdivision]			Saint John--St. Stephen New Brunswick [Economic region]
	Data quality , Big Grassy River 35G, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Big Grassy River 35G, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	235	...	...	168,389	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	249	...	...	172,764	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-5.6	...	...	-2.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	76	...	...	79,908	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	71	...	...	71,011	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.0	...	...	20.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	33.55	...	...	8,374.89	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	235	115	120	168,385	81,390	87,000
0 to 14 years	70	30	40	26,785	13,540	13,250
0 to 4 years	25	10	10	8,270	4,150	4,120
5 to 9 years	25	10	15	9,280	4,790	4,495
10 to 14 years	25	10	10	9,235	4,600	4,635
15 to 64 years	150	80	70	109,805	53,525	56,275
15 to 19 years	25	10	10	9,860	5,090	4,770
20 to 24 years	20	10	10	9,475	4,855	4,615
25 to 29 years	15	5	5	8,840	4,380	4,455
30 to 34 years	10	5	10	9,125	4,355	4,775
35 to 39 years	15	10	5	9,950	4,740	5,205
40 to 44 years	15	10	5	10,935	5,225	5,710
45 to 49 years	15	15	10	11,525	5,550	5,980
50 to 54 years	15	10	10	13,840	6,630	7,205
55 to 59 years	10	5	0	13,600	6,535	7,065
60 to 64 years	5	5	0	12,655	6,165	6,495
65 years and over	10	5	10	31,800	14,330	17,480
65 to 69 years	5	0	0	11,095	5,385	5,710
70 to 74 years	5	0	5	7,665	3,675	3,990
75 to 79 years	5	0	5	5,355	2,470	2,885
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	3,730	1,555	2,180
85 years and over	0	0	0	3,950	1,245	2,705
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	2,395	830	1,565
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	1,170	340	830
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	330	75	260
100 years and over	0	0	0	55	5	55
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	29.8	26.1	33.3	15.9	16.6	15.2
15 to 64 years	63.8	69.6	58.3	65.2	65.8	64.7
65 years and over	4.3	4.3	8.3	18.9	17.6	20.1
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.3	1.5	3.1
Average age of the population	30.1	31.7	28.5	42.7	41.7	43.7
Median age of the population	26.8	31.5	22.8	44.7	43.6	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
Single-detached house	65	...	...	46,615	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,810	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	19,765	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,695	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	2,490	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	4,080	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	11,290	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	215	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	2,820	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
1 person	20	...	...	19,970	...	...
2 persons	15	...	...	27,025	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	11,085	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	8,700	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	4,230	...	...
Number of persons in private households	235	...	...	164,965	...	...
Average household size	3.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	165	85	80	141,605	67,855	73,755
Married or living common law	60	30	30	83,465	41,700	41,765
Married	15	10	10	69,945	34,945	35,000
Living common law	40	20	20	13,520	6,755	6,760
Not married and not living common law	100	55	45	58,140	26,150	31,985
Never married	85	50	35	35,290	18,610	16,675
Separated	5	0	0	4,645	2,000	2,640
Divorced	5	0	5	8,875	3,690	5,185
Widowed	10	0	10	9,335	1,855	7,480
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	65	...	...	49,725	...	...
2 persons	35	...	...	27,780	...	...
3 persons	10	...	...	10,575	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	8,145	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	3,230	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	60	...	...	49,730	...	...
Total couple families	30	...	...	41,070	...	...
Married couples	10	...	...	34,315	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	6,755	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	30	...	...	8,660	...	...
Female parent	20	...	...	6,950	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	1,705	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	41,070	...	...
Couples without children	10	...	...	22,250	...	...
Couples with children	15	...	...	18,820	...	...
1 child	0	...	...	8,280	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	7,505	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	3,040	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	8,660	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	5,530	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	2,290	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	30	20	10	27,915	12,730	15,180
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
One-census-family households	40	...	...	47,695	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10	...	...	21,455	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	30	...	...	26,240	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	1,005	...	...
Non-census-family households	20	...	...	22,310	...	...
One-person households	20	...	...	19,975	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	2,335	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	235	115	120	166,250	80,510	85,740
English only	235	120	120	142,370	70,395	71,975
French only	0	0	0	165	80	90
English and French	0	0	0	22,955	9,650	13,310
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	755	390	360
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	235	120	115	166,250	80,510	85,740
English	235	120	120	159,660	77,420	82,240
French	0	0	0	5,505	2,555	2,950
English and French	0	0	0	360	165	200
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	720	370	345
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	5,690	2,635	3,050
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.4	3.3	3.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	235	115	115	166,245	80,510	85,735
Single responses	230	115	120	165,045	79,965	85,075
Official languages	170	85	85	159,615	77,215	82,405
English	170	85	85	153,665	74,485	79,180
French	0	0	0	5,950	2,730	3,220
Non-official languages	65	30	30	5,430	2,750	2,675
Aboriginal languages	60	30	35	10	5	10
Algonquian languages	60	35	30	10	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	30	30	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5,420	2,750	2,670
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	875	490	380
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	845	480	365
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	770	435	330
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	65	40	30
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	55	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	415	160	250
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	20	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	325	130	200
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	15
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	30	20	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	2,210	1,155	1,055
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	355	175	185
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	350	170	180
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	50	25	20
Russian	0	0	0	185	85	100
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	605	310	295
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dutch	0	0	0	215	120	95
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	0	0	0	315	150	170
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	80	55	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	485	275	205
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	300	180	120
Bengali	0	0	0	65	35	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	50	40	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	35	15	20
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	25	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	75	45	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	185	100	90
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	160	80	80
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	665	335	330
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	110	55	50
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	45	40
Romanian	0	0	0	135	70	60
Spanish	0	0	0	345	160	185
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	525	260	265
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	5
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	15	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	925	465	455
Chinese languages	0	0	0	920	465	455
Cantonese	0	0	0	110	55	55
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	705	355	350
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,200	545	660
English and French	0	0	0	745	335	405
English and non-official language	0	0	0	425	190	235
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	5	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	235	120	115	166,250	80,510	85,740
Single responses	230	115	115	164,785	79,845	84,935
Official languages	185	90	95	161,550	78,210	83,335
English	185	90	100	159,420	77,200	82,220
French	0	0	0	2,125	1,015	1,115
Non-official languages	50	30	15	3,235	1,635	1,600
Aboriginal languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	45	30	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	50	30	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,235	1,635	1,600
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	735	395	345
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	720	385	335
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	650	350	300
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	75	35	35
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	35	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	195	95	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	160	80	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	890	445	450
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	170	85	80
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	170	85	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	120	60	60
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	105	45	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	45	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	55	25	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	280	150	135
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	155	80	75
Bengali	0	0	0	40	15	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	25	15	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	125	70	60
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	105	55	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	310	150	160
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	80	40	45
Spanish	0	0	0	170	85	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	445	220	220
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	720	375	350
Chinese languages	0	0	0	725	375	350
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	35	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	580	290	285
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	30	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,465	660	800
English and French	0	0	0	520	225	300
English and non-official language	5	0	0	895	425	475
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	235	120	115	166,245	80,510	85,740
None	210	100	110	158,905	77,130	81,775
English	5	5	0	2,350	1,130	1,220
French	0	0	0	3,400	1,455	1,945
Non-official language	20	15	5	1,465	735	730
Aboriginal	20	15	10	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,450	730	725
English and French	0	0	0	35	15	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	160	85	80	138,245	66,455	71,790
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	131,500	63,115	68,385
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	32,053	40,217	26,372
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	131,550	63,120	68,435
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	29,035	35,422	24,460
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	115,980	57,365	58,620
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	30,283	38,464	24,015
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	93,860	39,760	54,105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	7,444	8,203	6,971
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	94,335	48,110	46,225
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	31,603	39,297	25,831
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	165	85	80	138,225	66,455	71,770
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	131,650	63,270	68,380
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	41,531	50,409	33,316
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	131,695	63,280	68,420
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,642	41,013	28,749
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	115,965	57,520	58,440
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	40,218	49,365	31,214
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	94,425	40,070	54,355
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	8,511	8,724	8,354
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	94,340	48,185	46,155
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	41,131	49,494	32,401
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	138,220	66,455	71,765
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	46,955	25,450	21,510
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	48,164	56,346	41,376
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	57,837	66,663	47,394
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	85.6	89.2	80.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	70.8	74.8	65.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	14.4	10.8	19.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	138,240	66,455	71,785
Without total income	x	x	x	6,740	3,340	3,400
With total income	x	x	x	131,500	63,115	68,385
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	95.1	95.0	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	18,240	7,455	10,790
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	22,520	8,155	14,360
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	21,330	8,085	13,245
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	17,050	7,690	9,360
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	14,180	7,020	7,160
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	10,005	5,795	4,205
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	7,255	4,555	2,705
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	5,610	3,195	2,410
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	4,145	2,460	1,690
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,875	1,995	875
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	8,290	6,710	1,580
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	5,930	4,760	1,170
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	2,360	1,950	410
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	138,240	66,455	71,785
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	6,690	3,335	3,355
With after-tax income	x	x	x	131,550	63,120	68,435
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	95.2	95.0	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	18,980	7,565	11,410
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	23,935	8,745	15,190
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	24,990	9,890	15,105
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	20,605	9,795	10,810
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	15,005	8,360	6,645
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	9,700	5,920	3,780
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	6,820	3,995	2,825
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	4,260	3,000	1,260
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	7,255	5,850	1,410
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,425	1,915	510
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,580	1,285	295
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	3,255	2,655	605
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	138,240	66,455	71,785
Without employment income	x	x	x	43,900	18,350	25,560
With employment income	x	x	x	94,335	48,105	46,230
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	68.2	72.4	64.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	12,345	5,805	6,545
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	7,410	3,125	4,285
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	12,765	5,210	7,550
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	12,835	5,175	7,665
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	10,985	5,105	5,885
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	9,245	4,570	4,680
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,650	3,950	2,700
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,240	3,270	1,970
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	4,550	2,480	2,070
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	12,300	9,410	2,890
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,315	2,020	1,300
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,335	1,725	605
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	6,650	5,670	985
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	40,320	...	...	61,569	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	40,320	...	...	54,136	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	19,970	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	29,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	27,233	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	51,040	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	78,219	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	67,927	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	71,010	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	76,995	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	64,246	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	19,980	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	37,988	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	32,217	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	51,035	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	92,264	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	76,784	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	71,010	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	1,005	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	1,775	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,520	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	3,665	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	3,770	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	3,355	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	3,640	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	3,500	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	3,345	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	3,240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	5,815	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	5,205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	4,795	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	4,075	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	3,545	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	18,770	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	6,705	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	4,540	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	4,630	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	2,895	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	71,010	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	1,035	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	1,810	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,555	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	3,855	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	4,245	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	3,805	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	4,240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	4,195	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	3,960	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	3,770	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	6,870	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	6,150	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	5,205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	4,205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	3,530	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	12,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	6,045	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	3,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	3,275	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	49,350	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	78,358	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	67,963	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	20,945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	71,811	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	62,704	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	3.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	19,085	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	107,294	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,225	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	6.3	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	8,050	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	42,553	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	40,250	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	49,385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	92,454	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	76,846	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	21,020	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,936	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,638	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	19,125	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	118,345	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	96,857	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	8,015	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	51,733	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	45,973	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	24,905	11,455	13,450
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	28,231	31,042	26,775
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	25,997	27,759	25,076
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	24,800	11,195	13,605
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	36,352	39,897	33,434
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	30,930	33,043	29,190
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	164,965	79,955	85,010
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	91,800	42,940	48,860
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	18,930	8,855	10,080
In the second decile	x	x	x	19,520	8,570	10,950
In the third decile	x	x	x	18,225	8,450	9,775
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	17,935	8,650	9,285
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	17,195	8,415	8,780
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	73,165	37,015	36,150
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	16,680	8,330	8,350
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	16,440	8,220	8,225
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	15,515	7,790	7,725
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	14,475	7,430	7,045
In the top decile	x	x	x	10,050	5,245	4,805
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	164,965	79,950	85,010
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	32,565	16,490	16,075
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	10,030	5,025	5,000
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	102,890	49,840	53,055
65 years and over	x	x	x	29,510	13,625	15,880
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	28,765	13,005	15,760
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	7,815	3,970	3,840
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	2,755	1,400	1,360
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	15,905	7,100	8,805
65 years and over	x	x	x	5,050	1,935	3,110
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	17.4	16.3	18.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	24.0	24.1	23.9
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	27.5	27.9	27.2
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	15.5	14.2	16.6
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	17.1	14.2	19.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	12,960	6,265	6,690
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	3,400	1,760	1,640
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	1,280	650	635
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	8,885	4,230	4,655
65 years and over	x	x	x	670	275	395
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	7.9	7.8	7.9
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	10.4	10.7	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	12.8	12.9	12.7
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	8.6	8.5	8.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	2.3	2.0	2.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	235	120	120	164,965	79,975	84,990
Official languages	235	120	115	164,235	79,590	84,645
English	235	120	115	164,045	79,530	84,515
French	0	0	0	22,985	9,830	13,155
Non-official languages	85	50	35	7,650	3,795	3,855
Aboriginal languages	85	50	40	50	0	40
Algonquian languages	85	50	35	40	10	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	40	0	35
Malecite	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	0	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	7,605	3,790	3,815
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	985	525	460
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	970	515	455
Amharic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Arabic	0	0	0	805	445	365
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	145	60	85
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	160	75	90
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	165	75	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	475	175	300
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	100	45	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	30	0	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	420	155	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	85	50	35
Kannada	0	0	0	30	15	15
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	20	20	0
Telugu	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	3,650	1,835	1,815
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	505	275	235
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	495	265	230
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	0	0	0	85	45	40
Russian	0	0	0	280	145	135
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	0	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	130	70	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	945	430	515
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	0	20
Danish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	240	120	125
Frisian	0	0	0	15	15	10
German	0	0	0	660	310	355
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Swedish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	115	80	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	695	415	275
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	430	260	170
Bengali	0	0	0	60	30	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	20
Hindi	0	0	0	305	180	120
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	45	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	115	80	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	280	165	115
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Pashto	0	0	0	20	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	230	140	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,500	685	815
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	145	70	70
Portuguese	0	0	0	120	55	60
Romanian	0	0	0	145	70	75
Spanish	0	0	0	1,150	510	645
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	100	40	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	550	290	260
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	245	120	125
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Bamanankan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	40	35	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	75	30	45
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	410	150	260
American Sign Language	0	0	0	190	70	125
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	230	85	145
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,085	575	505
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,085	580	505
Cantonese	0	0	0	195	70	120
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	840	455	390
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	45	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	110	65	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	0	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	45	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	40	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	75	45	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	164,965	79,975	84,990
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	160,135	77,550	82,580
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	31,690	16,100	15,590
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	128,440	61,455	66,995
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	4,830	2,425	2,405
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	164,965	79,975	84,990
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	155,250	75,160	80,085
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	8,800	4,245	4,550
Before 1981	0	0	0	3,205	1,445	1,755
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	785	405	380
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	725	370	350
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,695	865	830
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	510	255	260
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,185	610	575
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	2,390	1,155	1,230
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	920	565	350
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	8,800	4,245	4,550
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,275	595	680
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,730	860	875
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,460	710	750
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,490	1,635	1,850
45 years and over	0	0	0	845	450	395
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	8,795	4,250	4,555
Americas	0	0	0	2,285	1,065	1,220
Brazil	0	0	0	15	15	10
Colombia	0	0	0	25	15	15
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	15	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	45	10	40
Peru	0	0	0	20	10	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	40	25	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,860	845	1,020
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	225	125	100
Europe	0	0	0	3,020	1,460	1,560
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	20	15	10
France	0	0	0	60	30	30
Germany	0	0	0	280	120	160
Greece	0	0	0	75	45	30
Hungary	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	0	30
Italy	0	0	0	35	30	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	220	130	90
Poland	0	0	0	55	25	25
Portugal	0	0	0	45	30	15
Romania	0	0	0	130	55	70
Russian Federation	0	0	0	70	35	35
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	75	35	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,690	785	900
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	180	85	95
Africa	0	0	0	385	195	195
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	25	10	15
Morocco	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	215	100	120
Asia	0	0	0	3,030	1,495	1,535
Afghanistan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	685	355	330
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	20	10	10
India	0	0	0	230	135	95
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	170	105	65
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	15
Japan	0	0	0	35	0	35
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	485	245	240
Lebanon	0	0	0	85	45	40
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	50	25
Philippines	0	0	0	375	145	235
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	370	190	175
Taiwan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	125	55	70
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	290	130	160
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	80	35	45
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	2,390	1,160	1,230
Americas	0	0	0	225	115	115
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	185	100	90
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	10	10
Europe	0	0	0	240	100	140
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	40	15	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	15	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	75	45	30
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	50	10	35
Africa	0	0	0	150	75	75
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	15	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	50	30	25
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	60	15	40
Asia	0	0	0	1,745	855	890
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	500	275	225
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	80	55	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	115	55	65
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	180	85	95
Lebanon	0	0	0	65	35	30
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	15
Philippines	0	0	0	205	70	135
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	345	175	175
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	20	35
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	35	10	30
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Australia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	235	115	120	164,965	79,975	84,990
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	10,405	5,150	5,255
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	11,750	5,490	6,265
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	230	115	115	142,810	69,340	73,470
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	5,745	2,895	2,850
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	3,300	1,650	1,645
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,310	835	470
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,995	820	1,175
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,555	745	810
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	870	490	380
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	235	120	120	164,965	79,975	84,990
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	230	115	115	3,035	1,445	1,590
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	230	120	115	2,880	1,370	1,510
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	230	120	115	1,705	810	900
Métis	0	0	0	1,115	540	580
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	60	20	40
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	70	25	50
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	10	85	55	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	0	0	0	161,930	78,525	83,405
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	235	115	120	164,965	79,975	84,990
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	230	115	115	715	345	375
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10	10	0	164,250	79,630	84,620
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	235	120	115	164,965	79,975	84,990
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	205	100	110	620	280	335
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	205	100	110	605	275	325
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	205	95	105	485	210	270
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	80	35	45
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	35	25	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	25	15	10	6,865	3,230	3,635
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	25	15	10	6,645	3,155	3,490
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	15	10	5,445	2,590	2,860
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,090	540	550
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	110	25	85
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	215	75	140
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	200	65	135
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	0	0	10	157,480	76,465	81,015
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	235	115	115	164,965	79,975	84,990
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	6,555	3,295	3,260
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	660	370	285
Chinese	0	0	0	1,180	615	565
Black	0	0	0	1,850	935	920
Filipino	0	0	0	535	220	315
Latin American	0	0	0	270	110	160
Arab	0	0	0	660	355	310
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	225	90	130
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	300	185	115
Korean	0	0	0	530	280	250
Japanese	0	0	0	70	15	50
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	100	40	60
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	170	70	105
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	235	120	120	158,410	76,680	81,730
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	235	115	120	164,965	79,975	84,990
North American Aboriginal origins	230	120	110	7,485	3,510	3,975
First Nations (North American Indian)	230	115	115	6,160	2,880	3,280
Inuit	0	0	0	170	70	100
Métis	0	0	0	1,400	655	750
Other North American origins	0	0	0	81,535	39,590	41,945
Acadian	0	0	0	2,095	1,065	1,035
American	0	0	0	2,185	1,100	1,085
Canadian	0	0	0	79,025	38,335	40,690
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	45	20	25
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	200	80	115
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	50	20	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	30	15	10	112,740	54,235	58,500
British Isles origins	10	10	10	97,520	46,705	50,810
Channel Islander	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cornish	0	0	0	20	15	0
English	10	10	0	53,525	25,565	27,960
Irish	0	0	0	47,805	22,325	25,485
Manx	0	0	0	20	15	0
Scottish	0	0	0	41,235	19,615	21,615
Welsh	0	0	0	3,230	1,495	1,735
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	3,160	1,395	1,760
French origins	10	10	0	29,695	14,005	15,690
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10	0	0	29,695	14,010	15,690
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	13,665	6,525	7,145
Austrian	0	0	0	335	195	145
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	0	0	0	250	100	145
Dutch	0	0	0	4,430	2,045	2,385
Flemish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	30	15	15
German	0	0	0	9,220	4,415	4,805
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	265	135	125
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	0	0	3,435	1,750	1,680
Danish	0	0	0	1,170	600	570
Finnish	0	0	0	85	50	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	90	50	40
Norwegian	10	10	0	1,300	650	655
Swedish	0	0	0	705	395	310
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	245	120	125
Eastern European origins	10	0	0	3,445	1,720	1,720
Bulgarian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	115	90	25
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	70	35	35
Estonian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	385	185	195
Latvian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Lithuanian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polish	0	0	10	1,000	515	485
Romanian	0	0	0	295	145	145
Russian	0	0	0	690	295	390
Slovak	0	0	0	65	40	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,090	540	545
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Southern European origins	0	0	0	3,635	1,730	1,910
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	150	45	105
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	405	230	175
Italian	0	0	0	1,790	870	925
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Maltese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	510	230	280
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	0	0	0	765	365	405
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	430	230	200
Basque	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	215	110	105
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	190	110	85
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	610	270	340
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	60	40	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	55	25	35
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	60	30	30
Dominican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Haitian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	170	65	100
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	25	10	25
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	65	25	35
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	60	20	40
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	410	190	220
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	60	20	40
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexican	0	0	0	140	60	85
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	0	0	0	1,505	780	725
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	300	175	120
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	70	35	35
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	60	40	15
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	75	50	25
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	35	15	15
North African origins	0	0	0	145	90	55
Algerian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	15	15	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	60	40	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	175	95	75
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	85	35	45
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	945	450	490
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	130	50	80
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	815	405	410
Asian origins	0	0	0	5,790	2,910	2,880
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	2,260	1,170	1,090
Afghan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	225	100	125
Armenian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	210	120	90
Iraqi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Israeli	0	0	0	70	30	40
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	1,005	500	510
Palestinian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pashtun	0	0	0	15	15	10
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	45	40	10
Syrian	0	0	0	530	285	250
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	50	30	25
Turkmen	0	0	0	10	15	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	25	20	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	25	15	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	795	415	380
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bengali	0	0	0	25	25	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	590	275	310
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	85	45	35
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	20	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	30	20	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,740	1,325	1,415
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese	0	0	0	1,345	695	660
Filipino	0	0	0	550	215	335
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0	105	30	75
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	535	285	250
Laotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Thai	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	160	80	85
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	30	25	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	150	70	85
Australian	0	0	0	100	40	55
New Zealander	0	0	0	40	20	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	20	15	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	70	...	...	71,015	...	...
Owner	15	...	...	51,880	...	...
Renter	10	...	...	19,130	...	...
Band housing	45	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,975	...	...
Not condominium	70	...	...	69,040	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	185	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	6,550	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	18,280	...	...
3 bedrooms	20	...	...	28,425	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30	...	...	17,570	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	20	...	...	14,045	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	11,565	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	11,615	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	10,355	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	23,430	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
One person or fewer per room	60	...	...	70,670	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	70	...	...	71,015	...	...
Suitable	60	...	...	69,370	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
1960 or before	0	...	...	20,945	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...	22,085	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	9,655	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	7,530	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	3,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	4,505	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	10	...	...	2,895	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	75	...	...	71,010	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	55	...	...	64,990	...	...
Major repairs needed	15	...	...	6,025	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	70	...	...	71,015	...	...
1 household maintainer	45	...	...	43,595	...	...
2 household maintainers	20	...	...	26,615	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	795	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	70	...	...	71,010	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	2,265	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	8,680	...	...
35 to 44 years	20	...	...	11,295	...	...
45 to 54 years	20	...	...	14,290	...	...
55 to 64 years	15	...	...	15,185	...	...
65 to 74 years	0	...	...	11,255	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	5,905	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	2,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	70,435	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	57,825	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	12,610	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	11,180	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	51,575	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	57.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	11.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	833	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	948	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	170,289	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	192,075	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	19,120	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	14.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	36.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	701	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	727	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	165	85	75	138,225	66,455	71,770
No certificate, diploma or degree	70	35	35	25,365	13,020	12,345
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	50	25	25	43,175	20,005	23,170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45	25	20	69,685	33,430	36,255
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	10	12,135	9,155	2,980
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	0	5,610	3,345	2,270
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	6,520	5,810	715
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	15	15	31,760	12,960	18,795
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	2,420	890	1,525
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	10	23,375	10,420	12,955
Bachelor's degree	0	0	10	16,650	7,065	9,585
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,515	665	855
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	605	400	205
Master's degree	0	0	0	4,145	1,995	2,150
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	450	290	160
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	110	60	45	89,595	42,930	46,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	10	9,350	5,215	4,135
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	35	15	15	27,695	13,160	14,540
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40	25	20	52,545	24,555	27,990
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10	10	10	8,160	6,190	1,970
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	10	0	3,695	2,190	1,510
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	4,460	4,000	465
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	15	10	24,235	9,950	14,290
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,585	605	975
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	18,575	7,815	10,760
Bachelor's degree	0	0	10	13,355	5,490	7,870
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,140	435	705
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	435	255	180
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,310	1,450	1,860
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	330	190	145
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	165	85	75	138,220	66,455	71,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	120	60	55	68,535	33,020	35,515
Education	10	0	0	5,335	1,425	3,905
13. Education	10	0	0	5,335	1,430	3,905
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,325	680	645
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	335	270	65
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	995	415	585
Humanities	10	0	0	2,965	1,215	1,750
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	150	35	120
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	580	160	420
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	660	215	440
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	180	125	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	640	380	265
54. History	0	0	0	600	270	330
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	140	30	120
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	4,900	1,515	3,385
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	330	150	185
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,105	75	1,025
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	765	315	450
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	170	45	125
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,190	305	885
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,315	630	690
Business, management and public administration	10	10	0	15,640	4,450	11,185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	60	10	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	1,290	205	1,085
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	10	14,290	4,240	10,050
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,015	960	1,060
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	880	355	520
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	570	265	305
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	355	255	105
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	195	70	125
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,570	1,535	1,030
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,310	1,415	895
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	25	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	155	85	70
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	17,495	16,430	1,065
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	125	80	45
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,170	1,885	285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	3,540	3,155	385
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	4,910	4,800	105
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	4,560	4,380	175
48. Precision production	0	0	0	2,190	2,125	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,090	740	355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	670	365	305
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	425	375	55
Health and related fields	0	0	0	11,245	1,595	9,645
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	490	225	260
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	10,545	1,220	9,325
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	210	150	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	0	5,090	2,870	2,215
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	2,485	490	2,000
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	45	45	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,050	930	115
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,505	1,400	100
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	105	65	45	89,595	42,925	46,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	70	45	30	37,050	18,375	18,675
Education	0	0	10	3,470	805	2,665
13. Education	10	0	0	3,470	805	2,665
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,000	500	500
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	220	175	45
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	780	325	455
Humanities	0	10	10	2,135	810	1,330
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	100	30	75
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	445	115	330
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	460	140	320
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	130	85	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	425	245	185
54. History	0	0	0	460	185	275
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	120	15	100
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	3,965	1,190	2,775
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	300	135	165
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	880	70	810
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	615	220	400
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	140	40	100
42. Psychology	0	0	0	970	250	720
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,035	475	560
Business, management and public administration	10	0	10	12,150	3,455	8,695
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	60	10	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	985	160	825
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	10	10	11,110	3,290	7,820
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,470	655	810
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	670	245	425
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	400	180	220
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	255	175	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	130	45	85
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,170	1,325	845
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,995	1,250	745
25. Library science	0	0	0	55	20	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	100	50	50
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	12,725	11,830	890
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	100	55	45
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,675	1,410	265
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	2,815	2,490	325
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	3,560	3,460	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	3,130	3,000	125
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,445	1,420	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	885	570	320
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	565	300	265
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	320	265	50
Health and related fields	0	0	0	8,675	1,210	7,470
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	430	190	235
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	8,095	915	7,180
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	155	100	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	3,890	2,200	1,690
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,875	385	1,490
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	775	680	100
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,215	1,125	95
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	165	85	80	138,220	66,455	71,770
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	120	60	60	68,535	33,020	35,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	45	25	20	69,690	33,430	36,255
Location of study inside Canada	40	20	15	65,485	31,235	34,240
Same as province or territory of residence	35	20	15	51,755	24,135	27,620
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	13,725	7,100	6,625
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	4,205	2,195	2,010
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	10	0	1,480	785	695
Philippines	0	0	0	250	90	160
India	0	0	0	110	45	65
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	745	470	275
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	295	130	170
France	0	0	0	25	20	10
Other	0	0	0	1,310	650	660
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	110	60	45	89,595	42,930	46,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	70	40	30	37,050	18,370	18,675
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40	20	15	52,545	24,560	27,990
Location of study inside Canada	35	20	20	49,405	23,030	26,375
Same as province or territory of residence	35	15	15	39,190	17,985	21,210
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	10,215	5,045	5,170
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	10	3,140	1,525	1,620
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	995	485	515
Philippines	0	0	0	235	80	160
India	0	0	0	90	35	50
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	400	235	170
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	295	130	160
France	0	0	0	15	20	0
Other	0	0	0	1,100	545	560
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	160	85	80	138,220	66,455	71,770
In the labour force	75	45	35	86,035	44,190	41,845
Employed	70	35	30	77,285	38,775	38,515
Unemployed	0	0	0	8,745	5,410	3,335
Not in the labour force	90	45	40	52,190	22,265	29,920
Participation rate	46.9	52.9	43.8	62.2	66.5	58.3
Employment rate	43.8	41.2	37.5	55.9	58.3	53.7
Unemployment rate	0.0	0.0	0.0	10.2	12.2	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	165	85	80	138,225	66,455	71,770
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	85	40	45	48,055	20,330	27,725
Worked	80	45	30	90,170	46,125	44,045
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	35	20	20	47,940	26,115	21,825
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	40	25	15	42,230	20,010	22,225
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.2	36.3	38.5	42.4	42.4	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	80	45	35	86,030	44,190	41,845
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,885	1,015	875
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	75	40	35	84,150	43,175	40,975
Employee	70	40	35	77,105	38,825	38,280
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	0	0	0	7,040	4,350	2,690
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	75	40	35	86,030	44,190	41,845
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	1,885	1,015	870
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	70	40	35	84,150	43,175	40,975
0 Management occupations	0	10	0	7,910	4,775	3,130
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	10	10	12,000	3,385	8,620
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	0	0	5,220	4,025	1,195
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	7,210	1,030	6,180
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	10	9,545	2,875	6,675
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,425	665	760
6 Sales and service occupations	25	15	10	20,850	8,525	12,325
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15	15	0	13,180	12,480	695
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	3,005	2,585	425
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	3,800	2,835	960
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	75	40	35	86,030	44,190	41,845
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	1,885	1,015	870
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	75	40	35	84,145	43,175	40,970
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	2,945	2,245	700
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	1,225	1,055	165
22 Utilities	10	10	0	1,345	1,090	255
23 Construction	10	10	0	6,605	5,980	625
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	10	6,790	4,960	1,830
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	3,140	2,010	1,130
44-45 Retail trade	0	0	0	10,070	4,420	5,655
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	3,735	2,780	950
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,525	845	680
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	2,765	965	1,805
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,025	585	445
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	4,800	2,585	2,210
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	85	25	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	10	5,095	2,795	2,295
61 Educational services	0	0	10	5,225	1,640	3,595
62 Health care and social assistance	10	10	10	11,980	1,745	10,240
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,265	675	600
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	0	5,720	2,080	3,640
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	10	0	3,980	1,965	2,020
91 Public administration	15	10	10	4,830	2,755	2,070
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	70	40	30	77,285	38,775	38,510
Worked at home	0	0	0	4,235	2,025	2,210
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	340	225	120
No fixed workplace address	20	15	0	8,955	6,665	2,285
Worked at usual place	50	25	25	63,755	29,860	33,895
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	55	25	30	63,755	29,860	33,890
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30	10	20	31,825	14,065	17,755
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	20	10	0	12,575	5,665	6,910
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	10	0	18,515	9,500	9,015
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	835	630	210
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	70	35	35	72,705	36,520	36,180
Car, truck, van - as a driver	50	35	20	59,445	30,625	28,825
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	0	6,220	2,520	3,700
Public transit	0	0	0	2,455	1,065	1,390
Walked	10	0	0	3,595	1,725	1,870
Bicycle	0	0	0	135	95	40
Other method	10	10	10	860	495	365
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	70	35	30	72,705	36,525	36,180
Less than 15 minutes	45	20	25	27,590	12,645	14,945
15 to 29 minutes	10	0	0	28,765	14,420	14,345
30 to 44 minutes	10	10	0	9,640	5,295	4,345
45 to 59 minutes	10	0	0	3,810	2,205	1,605
60 minutes and over	0	0	10	2,900	1,960	940
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	70	40	30	72,705	36,525	36,185
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	10	10	4,240	3,070	1,175
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	10	0	13,000	7,695	5,305
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10	0	0	23,620	11,895	11,725
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	30	15	15	14,940	5,925	9,020
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	6,260	2,300	3,965
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	0	0	0	10,640	5,645	4,995
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	85	45	40	92,680	47,325	45,360
Single responses	80	40	40	91,950	47,010	44,940
Official languages	75	35	35	91,650	46,840	44,805
English	75	40	35	90,845	46,590	44,250
French	0	0	0	800	250	555
Non-official languages	0	0	0	300	165	140
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	300	165	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	70	50	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	70	45	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	65	45	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	115	60	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	115	60	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	100	45	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	735	315	415
English and French	0	0	0	630	260	375
English and non-official language	10	0	0	100	55	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	85	50	40	92,680	47,325	45,360
None	75	40	35	87,845	45,535	42,310
English	0	0	0	685	225	460
French	0	0	0	3,720	1,345	2,375
Non-official language	10	0	10	380	185	200
Aboriginal	10	10	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	375	180	200
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	30	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	235	115	120	163,310	79,165	84,145
Non-movers	220	105	115	144,245	69,935	74,315
Movers	20	10	0	19,065	9,235	9,825
Non-migrants	10	0	10	11,345	5,325	6,020
Migrants	10	10	10	7,720	3,910	3,805
Internal migrants	10	10	10	6,620	3,305	3,315
Intraprovincial migrants	0	10	0	4,545	2,215	2,335
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	2,075	1,090	985
External migrants	0	0	0	1,105	605	495
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	215	105	105	156,580	75,820	80,770
Non-movers	160	85	80	107,350	52,385	54,965
Movers	50	25	25	49,230	23,430	25,800
Non-migrants	10	0	10	29,015	13,630	15,385
Migrants	40	20	25	20,220	9,800	10,420
Internal migrants	40	15	20	17,420	8,310	9,110
Intraprovincial migrants	30	15	20	12,520	5,825	6,695
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	10	4,895	2,485	2,410
External migrants	0	0	0	2,800	1,490	1,310

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Big Grassy River 35G, IRI [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 21, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Big Grassy River 35G, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Big Grassy River 35G, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Big Grassy River 35G, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario and Saint John--St. Stephen [Economic region], New Brunswick