Census Profile, 2016 Census
English River 21, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario and Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	English River 21, IRI Ontario [Census subdivision]			Abbotsford - Mission British Columbia [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , English River 21, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : English River 21, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	638	...	...	180,518	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	639	...	...	170,191	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.2	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	223	...	...	65,967	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	198	...	...	62,631	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	16.1	...	...	297.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	39.69	...	...	607.13	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	635	325	315	180,515	89,440	91,075
0 to 14 years	190	100	90	33,295	17,290	16,010
0 to 4 years	65	30	35	10,760	5,560	5,200
5 to 9 years	65	40	25	11,435	5,925	5,505
10 to 14 years	60	30	30	11,105	5,800	5,305
15 to 64 years	425	215	215	117,755	58,715	59,035
15 to 19 years	50	25	25	11,305	5,830	5,480
20 to 24 years	60	25	40	11,450	5,895	5,560
25 to 29 years	40	20	20	11,590	5,860	5,730
30 to 34 years	50	30	25	12,335	6,085	6,250
35 to 39 years	50	25	25	11,600	5,745	5,855
40 to 44 years	40	15	20	11,360	5,615	5,745
45 to 49 years	35	25	10	11,820	5,830	5,990
50 to 54 years	45	25	20	12,680	6,360	6,315
55 to 59 years	35	15	20	12,575	6,145	6,430
60 to 64 years	25	10	15	11,045	5,365	5,680
65 years and over	25	15	10	29,465	13,435	16,030
65 to 69 years	5	5	5	9,655	4,555	5,095
70 to 74 years	10	5	5	6,870	3,325	3,545
75 to 79 years	10	5	0	5,045	2,315	2,735
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	3,765	1,725	2,040
85 years and over	0	5	0	4,125	1,515	2,610
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	2,505	990	1,515
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	1,220	415	805
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	350	100	250
100 years and over	0	0	0	45	10	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	29.9	30.8	28.6	18.4	19.3	17.6
15 to 64 years	66.9	66.2	68.3	65.2	65.6	64.8
65 years and over	3.9	4.6	3.2	16.3	15.0	17.6
85 years and over	0.0	1.5	0.0	2.3	1.7	2.9
Average age of the population	29.7	30.0	29.5	39.9	38.9	40.9
Median age of the population	27.3	28.3	26.6	39.4	38.2	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	200	...	...	62,630	...	...
Single-detached house	175	...	...	28,405	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,065	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	32,825	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	1,575	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	4,820	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	12,830	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	13,530	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	80	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	200	...	...	62,630	...	...
1 person	45	...	...	14,510	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	19,950	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	9,270	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	9,210	...	...
5 or more persons	45	...	...	9,690	...	...
Number of persons in private households	635	...	...	176,325	...	...
Average household size	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	450	225	225	147,215	72,155	75,065
Married or living common law	180	90	90	88,800	44,610	44,195
Married	35	15	15	78,485	39,475	39,010
Living common law	145	75	75	10,315	5,130	5,180
Not married and not living common law	270	135	135	58,420	27,545	30,870
Never married	250	125	120	36,990	20,330	16,655
Separated	10	5	5	4,115	1,805	2,310
Divorced	5	0	5	9,010	3,610	5,400
Widowed	10	5	10	8,305	1,795	6,505
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	160	...	...	50,290	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	24,135	...	...
3 persons	55	...	...	10,285	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	10,515	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	5,360	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	160	...	...	50,290	...	...
Total couple families	85	...	...	42,740	...	...
Married couples	20	...	...	37,580	...	...
Common-law couples	75	...	...	5,155	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	75	...	...	7,555	...	...
Female parent	45	...	...	5,925	...	...
Male parent	30	...	...	1,630	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	90	...	...	42,740	...	...
Couples without children	20	...	...	19,775	...	...
Couples with children	65	...	...	22,965	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	8,015	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	9,840	...	...
3 or more children	25	...	...	5,115	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	7,550	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	4,355	...	...
2 children	25	...	...	2,270	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	925	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	110	70	40	26,345	12,425	13,915
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	200	...	...	62,630	...	...
One-census-family households	130	...	...	41,895	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15	...	...	16,225	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	115	...	...	25,670	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	3,975	...	...
Non-census-family households	55	...	...	16,770	...	...
One-person households	40	...	...	14,510	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	2,260	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	640	325	310	177,465	87,620	89,840
English only	635	325	310	160,740	80,325	80,420
French only	0	0	0	45	25	25
English and French	5	0	0	8,240	3,615	4,625
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	8,435	3,660	4,775
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	640	325	310	177,465	87,625	89,840
English	635	325	315	167,310	83,100	84,210
French	0	0	0	1,295	660	635
English and French	0	0	0	520	250	275
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	8,340	3,615	4,720
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	1,555	785	770
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.9	0.9	0.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	635	325	315	177,465	87,620	89,840
Single responses	630	320	310	173,540	85,705	87,840
Official languages	430	220	210	123,520	61,355	62,160
English	430	220	210	122,100	60,645	61,455
French	0	0	0	1,415	715	700
Non-official languages	200	105	100	50,025	24,350	25,675
Aboriginal languages	200	105	95	50	25	25
Algonquian languages	200	105	95	30	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	25	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	0	15	10	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	190	100	95	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	190	100	95	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	5	5	5
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	49,980	24,325	25,655
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	435	245	195
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	420	230	190
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	370	205	165
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	955	430	520
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	915	420	505
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,195	465	730
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	55	20	40
Fijian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	55	25	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	45	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	970	375	595
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	55	30	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	155	75	80
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	85	40	45
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	20
Telugu	0	0	0	40	25	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	42,800	20,985	21,815
Albanian	0	0	0	80	40	35
Armenian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,750	820	935
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	5	5	0	1,740	810	930
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Croatian	0	0	0	80	50	35
Czech	0	0	0	135	65	70
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	445	220	230
Russian	5	0	0	530	230	300
Serbian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	10	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	285	130	150
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	10	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	7,000	3,220	3,780
Afrikaans	0	0	0	130	60	75
Danish	0	0	0	160	85	80
Dutch	0	0	0	1,455	685	770
Frisian	0	0	0	35	20	20
German	0	0	0	5,055	2,295	2,755
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Swedish	0	0	0	70	25	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	85	45	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	31,560	15,705	15,855
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	31,215	15,515	15,700
Bengali	0	0	0	30	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	80	40	40
Hindi	0	0	0	655	305	350
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	5
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30,140	14,990	15,150
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Urdu	0	0	0	235	120	115
Iranian languages	0	0	0	330	180	145
Kurdish	0	0	0	60	35	30
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	255	140	115
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	2,275	1,125	1,150
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Italian	0	0	0	265	140	125
Portuguese	0	0	0	240	115	125
Romanian	0	0	0	360	180	175
Spanish	0	0	0	1,410	690	720
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	240	95	145
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,265	595	670
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	145	75	70
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	50	25	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dinka	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	45	20	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,775	850	925
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,775	850	930
Cantonese	0	0	0	560	290	270
Hakka	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,025	465	560
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	65	25	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	45	45
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	260	125	135
Lao	0	0	0	210	105	105
Thai	0	0	0	50	15	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	60	30	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	50	30	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	520	255	260
Estonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	145	65	85
Hungarian	0	0	0	355	185	170
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Multiple responses	5	0	5	3,925	1,920	2,005
English and French	0	0	0	275	125	160
English and non-official language	5	5	0	3,525	1,740	1,785
French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	30	30
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	640	325	315	177,465	87,620	89,845
Single responses	635	325	310	167,855	82,820	85,035
Official languages	575	290	280	137,695	67,990	69,700
English	575	290	285	137,445	67,875	69,570
French	0	0	0	250	120	135
Non-official languages	60	35	30	30,160	14,830	15,335
Aboriginal languages	55	30	30	15	10	5
Algonquian languages	55	35	25	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	55	30	25	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	55	30	30	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	30,145	14,820	15,325
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	235	115	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages	0	0	0	235	115	120
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	215	105	110
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	650	290	360
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	645	285	360
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	390	180	210
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	330	160	170
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	90	40	50
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	20	30
Tamil	0	0	0	25	10	15
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	5	26,190	12,935	13,250
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	630	305	330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages	0	0	5	625	300	325
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	30	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	155	80	75
Russian	0	0	0	305	140	165
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	860	385	475
Afrikaans	0	0	0	75	30	40
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	85	40	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	675	300	375
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	23,700	11,730	11,970
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	23,515	11,640	11,880
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hindi	0	0	0	315	150	160
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	23,015	11,395	11,615
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	130	65	65
Iranian languages	0	0	0	170	90	85
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	135	70	65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	940	490	450
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	30	25
Romanian	0	0	0	180	85	90
Spanish	0	0	0	680	360	315
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	110	50	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	5	1,000	450	550
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dinka	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	60	30	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,075	550	525
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,080	550	525
Cantonese	0	0	0	295	155	140
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	715	360	355
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	115	60	50
Lao	0	0	0	95	50	50
Thai	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	105	55	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	0	5	0	9,610	4,805	4,805
English and French	0	0	0	170	70	100
English and non-official language	5	0	0	9,300	4,675	4,620
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	115	45	70
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	635	325	310	177,460	87,625	89,840
None	445	240	205	156,395	77,240	79,155
English	25	10	15	9,575	4,880	4,695
French	0	0	5	1,200	520	680
Non-official language	165	75	90	10,035	4,845	5,195
Aboriginal	165	75	90	40	20	20
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	10,000	4,830	5,170
English and French	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	110	50	55
French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	55	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	450	225	225	143,090	69,870	73,225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	400	195	200	137,185	67,115	70,070
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,696	3,307	17,728	30,370	39,336	24,260
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	395	195	205	137,350	67,260	70,090
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,696	3,307	17,728	27,737	34,507	23,178
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	185	85	95	121,295	60,935	60,355
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,136	12,608	22,848	29,148	39,291	21,463
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	375	180	190	98,355	41,830	56,525
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,692	1,201	6,916	5,603	4,009	6,294
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	170	75	90	104,680	54,015	50,670
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,712	13,920	23,040	29,555	39,501	22,041
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	450	225	225	143,095	69,875	73,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	400	195	205	137,165	66,950	70,215
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	16,410	11,900	20,765	40,315	48,900	32,129
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	400	195	200	137,310	67,080	70,235
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	16,093	11,616	20,416	34,458	40,593	28,599
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	185	90	100	121,185	60,645	60,545
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,497	17,675	24,929	39,412	48,964	29,844
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	370	180	190	98,170	41,665	56,505
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,834	4,270	9,278	7,677	7,309	7,948
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	170	75	90	104,680	53,790	50,885
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,277	18,820	25,207	38,531	47,385	29,172
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	450	225	225	143,095	69,875	73,225
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	85	35	50	43,910	26,590	17,320
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	29,920	24,384	33,792	50,369	57,688	42,530
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	32,279	26,098	36,853	57,353	63,812	47,436
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	60.6	68.5	57.0	86.4	90.7	80.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	57.7	60.8	54.6	73.1	78.0	65.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	39.0	34.0	42.5	13.6	9.3	19.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	450	225	225	143,090	69,870	73,225
Without total income	50	30	20	5,910	2,755	3,155
With total income	395	195	205	137,185	67,120	70,070
Percentage with total income	87.8	86.7	91.1	95.9	96.1	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	200	120	85	20,400	8,275	12,125
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	30	27,180	10,305	16,875
$20,000 to $29,999	55	25	30	20,305	8,030	12,280
$30,000 to $39,999	25	5	20	16,600	7,445	9,150
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	15	13,510	6,795	6,715
$50,000 to $59,999	20	5	15	10,565	6,100	4,470
$60,000 to $69,999	5	0	5	7,690	4,960	2,740
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	5,895	4,010	1,880
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	4,565	3,150	1,410
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	2,970	2,110	855
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	7,500	5,940	1,560
$100,000 to $149,999	0	0	0	5,585	4,380	1,205
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	1,920	1,565	360
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	450	225	225	143,095	69,870	73,220
Without after-tax income	50	25	20	5,740	2,610	3,135
With after-tax income	400	195	205	137,355	67,260	70,090
Percentage with after-tax income	88.9	86.7	91.1	96.0	96.3	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	205	120	85	21,105	8,700	12,410
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	30	28,570	11,130	17,445
$20,000 to $29,999	55	25	35	23,855	9,690	14,165
$30,000 to $39,999	25	5	20	18,935	8,920	10,010
$40,000 to $49,999	35	10	25	14,725	8,025	6,700
$50,000 to $59,999	20	5	15	10,255	6,475	3,775
$60,000 to $69,999	5	0	0	7,190	4,900	2,290
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	4,915	3,400	1,505
$80,000 and over	0	0	0	7,810	6,020	1,790
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	2,865	2,120	750
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,645	1,275	375
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	3,295	2,625	670
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	450	220	225	143,090	69,870	73,225
Without employment income	280	150	135	38,415	15,855	22,555
With employment income	170	80	95	104,680	54,015	50,665
Percentage with employment income	37.8	36.4	42.2	73.2	77.3	69.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	40	25	15	15,400	6,850	8,555
$5,000 to $9,999	25	10	15	9,000	3,350	5,645
$10,000 to $19,999	25	15	15	15,690	6,230	9,460
$20,000 to $29,999	30	15	20	12,830	5,525	7,305
$30,000 to $39,999	15	5	15	11,230	5,285	5,945
$40,000 to $49,999	10	5	5	9,955	5,230	4,720
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	10	7,950	4,855	3,095
$60,000 to $69,999	0	0	0	5,935	4,030	1,905
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	4,735	3,365	1,370
$80,000 and over	0	0	0	11,960	9,300	2,660
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	3,780	2,695	1,080
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	2,420	1,765	655
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	5,765	4,840	920
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	200	...	...	62,635	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	23,851	...	...	73,598	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	23,851	...	...	64,890	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	40	...	...	14,510	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	6,472	...	...	32,574	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	6,472	...	...	29,478	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	155	...	...	48,120	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	31,648	...	...	88,609	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	31,648	...	...	77,727	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	200	...	...	62,630	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	33,069	...	...	88,291	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	32,430	...	...	75,546	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	14,510	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	14,358	...	...	40,676	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	13,294	...	...	35,098	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	48,120	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	38,260	...	...	102,647	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	37,739	...	...	87,741	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	195	...	...	62,630	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	930	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	665	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	1,580	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	2,330	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	30	...	...	2,510	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	2,260	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	2,580	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	2,520	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	2,445	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	2,565	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	4,735	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	4,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	4,410	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	4,095	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	0	...	...	3,780	...	...
$100,000 and over	5	...	...	20,650	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	0	...	...	7,370	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	4,960	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	0	...	...	5,050	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	3,270	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	200	...	...	62,630	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	985	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	680	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	20	...	...	1,605	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	2,400	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	25	...	...	2,880	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	2,730	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	3,025	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	2,900	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	3,010	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	2,915	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	5,615	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	5,255	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	5,025	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	0	...	...	4,460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	3,745	...	...
$100,000 and over	5	...	...	15,405	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	0	...	...	6,750	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	3,970	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	4,690	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	150	...	...	46,760	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	31,680	...	...	87,555	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	31,680	...	...	76,824	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.8	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	15,930	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	75,985	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	66,861	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	75	...	...	22,745	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	38,016	...	...	106,549	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	38,016	...	...	92,978	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.8	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	6,500	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	26,688	...	...	49,728	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	26,688	...	...	45,871	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	150	...	...	46,700	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	37,242	...	...	101,719	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	36,789	...	...	86,872	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10	...	...	15,900	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	21,970	...	...	93,388	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	21,123	...	...	78,382	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	22,795	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	41,374	...	...	118,698	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	40,987	...	...	101,855	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	6,415	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	33,274	...	...	61,589	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,844	...	...	53,934	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	65	45	20	21,000	10,250	10,755
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	6,488	4,139	0	29,243	33,372	26,240
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	6,488	4,139	0	26,862	29,946	24,837
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	60	45	20	20,930	10,305	10,625
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	15,760	10,717	28,813	37,245	40,927	33,674
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	14,799	10,424	26,122	32,233	34,566	29,971
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	635	325	315	176,325	87,130	89,205
In the bottom half of the distribution	600	305	295	92,985	44,625	48,365
In the bottom decile	340	185	160	16,060	7,590	8,470
In the second decile	130	60	70	17,420	7,850	9,575
In the third decile	55	30	25	18,320	8,785	9,535
In the fourth decile	50	20	30	21,020	10,385	10,635
In the fifth decile	25	15	15	20,165	10,015	10,150
In the top half of the distribution	40	15	20	83,340	42,505	40,835
In the sixth decile	10	5	5	19,690	9,955	9,740
In the seventh decile	25	15	10	18,490	9,330	9,160
In the eighth decile	0	0	5	17,495	8,905	8,590
In the ninth decile	0	0	0	15,695	8,090	7,605
In the top decile	0	0	5	11,975	6,230	5,745
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	176,045	86,975	89,070
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	39,875	20,645	19,230
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	12,975	6,680	6,295
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	108,940	53,690	55,255
65 years and over	0	0	0	27,225	12,640	14,590
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	22,935	10,485	12,450
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	6,465	3,415	3,050
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	2,000	1,065	940
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	12,635	5,635	7,000
65 years and over	0	0	0	3,835	1,435	2,400
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	13.0	12.1	14.0
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	16.2	16.5	15.9
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	15.4	15.9	14.9
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	11.6	10.5	12.7
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	14.1	11.4	16.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	12,650	6,030	6,620
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	3,375	1,760	1,610
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	985	505	480
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	8,410	3,930	4,480
65 years and over	0	0	0	870	335	530
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	7.2	6.9	7.4
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	8.5	8.5	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	7.6	7.6	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	7.7	7.3	8.1
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	3.2	2.7	3.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	640	325	315	176,330	87,125	89,200
Official languages	640	325	315	167,900	83,495	84,410
English	640	325	315	167,835	83,460	84,375
French	0	0	0	8,255	3,615	4,645
Non-official languages	285	140	145	59,210	28,905	30,300
Aboriginal languages	285	140	145	95	45	55
Algonquian languages	285	140	145	15	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	15	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	15	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	280	135	145	0	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	280	135	140	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	10	10	10
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	10	15
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	59,120	28,865	30,250
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	770	440	330
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	760	440	320
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	650	380	275
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	30	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	45	30	15
Maltese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,085	530	555
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	65	45	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,020	485	540
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,570	580	995
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	95	15	85
Fijian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	15	30
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	85	40	45
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,425	510	915
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	120	70	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	55	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	195	85	110
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	80	35	45
Tamil	0	0	0	95	50	45
Telugu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	50,305	24,835	25,465
Albanian	0	0	0	135	75	65
Armenian	0	0	0	65	35	25
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,975	915	1,060
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	1,955	905	1,050
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Bulgarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Croatian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Czech	0	0	0	165	75	90
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	480	200	285
Russian	0	0	0	670	310	360
Serbian	0	0	0	80	45	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	150	90	60
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	335	150	185
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	25	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	7,885	3,680	4,200
Afrikaans	0	0	0	285	130	155
Danish	0	0	0	205	95	110
Dutch	0	0	0	1,725	820	905
Frisian	0	0	0	45	35	10
German	0	0	0	5,575	2,610	2,965
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Swedish	0	0	0	100	40	65
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	160	90	70
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	36,455	18,305	18,150
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	36,225	18,175	18,055
Bengali	0	0	0	30	20	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	155	90	55
Hindi	0	0	0	4,325	2,085	2,235
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	10
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	20	10
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35,075	17,600	17,475
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	80	50	35
Urdu	0	0	0	410	240	165
Iranian languages	0	0	0	250	140	110
Kurdish	0	0	0	70	50	25
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	195	110	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	4,350	2,110	2,240
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	585	285	305
Portuguese	0	0	0	395	195	195
Romanian	0	0	0	395	170	225
Spanish	0	0	0	3,125	1,525	1,600
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	15	0
Japanese	0	0	0	620	295	330
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	1,445	655	785
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	295	135	160
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ganda	0	0	0	10	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swahili	0	0	0	120	60	60
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	15	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	50	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Dinka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	390	140	255
American Sign Language	0	0	0	195	75	120
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	190	60	130
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,030	985	1,045
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,025	985	1,040
Cantonese	0	0	0	725	350	380
Hakka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,435	675	755
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	70	30	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	45	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	420	215	205
Lao	0	0	0	340	185	160
Thai	0	0	0	110	50	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages	0	0	0	105	60	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	90	55	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages	0	0	0	480	215	265
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	170	75	95
Hungarian	0	0	0	295	135	160
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	176,330	87,125	89,200
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	161,545	80,055	81,490
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	38,680	20,205	18,480
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	122,860	59,845	63,010
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	14,790	7,075	7,710
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	176,330	87,125	89,200
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	130,310	65,130	65,180
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	43,775	20,875	22,905
Before 1981	0	0	0	11,355	5,535	5,820
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	4,975	2,300	2,675
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	9,605	4,605	5,005
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	11,960	5,610	6,350
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	5,695	2,690	3,005
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	6,270	2,925	3,345
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	5,880	2,820	3,060
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	2,240	1,125	1,110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	43,780	20,875	22,905
Under 5 years	0	0	0	3,345	1,655	1,690
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	6,290	3,345	2,950
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	12,600	5,470	7,130
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	14,315	7,185	7,130
45 years and over	0	0	0	7,220	3,215	4,005
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	43,780	20,870	22,910
Americas	0	0	0	4,255	1,855	2,400
Brazil	0	0	0	210	95	115
Colombia	0	0	0	125	55	70
El Salvador	0	0	0	355	170	185
Guyana	0	0	0	50	25	25
Haiti	0	0	0	55	35	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	105	65	45
Mexico	0	0	0	220	115	100
Peru	0	0	0	30	10	20
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	70	40	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,735	660	1,075
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,300	590	705
Europe	0	0	0	9,790	4,775	5,015
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	75	30	45
Croatia	0	0	0	40	30	10
France	0	0	0	90	35	55
Germany	0	0	0	1,070	540	535
Greece	0	0	0	65	35	30
Hungary	0	0	0	180	90	90
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	120	40	85
Italy	0	0	0	195	100	100
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,315	670	645
Poland	0	0	0	460	190	270
Portugal	0	0	0	65	30	40
Romania	0	0	0	345	145	200
Russian Federation	0	0	0	360	155	200
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	35	20	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	430	200	230
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	3,660	1,875	1,780
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	1,295	605	695
Africa	0	0	0	1,175	585	595
Algeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	40	20	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kenya	0	0	0	145	70	70
Morocco	0	0	0	25	20	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	60	30	30
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	375	190	190
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	495	230	260
Asia	0	0	0	27,960	13,345	14,620
Afghanistan	0	0	0	45	30	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	730	335	400
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	120	60	60
India	0	0	0	21,975	10,590	11,385
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	100	55	45
Iraq	0	0	0	140	75	60
Japan	0	0	0	190	80	110
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	845	390	455
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	25	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	240	125	110
Philippines	0	0	0	1,370	485	880
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	95	50	45
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	110	45	60
Taiwan	0	0	0	150	70	80
Viet Nam	0	0	0	715	335	385
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,090	580	505
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	590	310	280
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	5,880	2,815	3,060
Americas	0	0	0	390	185	210
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	45	30	20
Mexico	0	0	0	55	30	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	160	75	85
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	95	30	60
Europe	0	0	0	400	215	185
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	40	10	30
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	20	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	120	85	35
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	155	75	75
Africa	0	0	0	180	80	105
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	20	15	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	20	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	85	25	60
Asia	0	0	0	4,835	2,305	2,530
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	135	55	80
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	3,715	1,825	1,890
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	15	10	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	40	15	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	235	95	140
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	15	20
Philippines	0	0	0	420	180	230
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	40	10	30
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	50	35	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	70	35	30
Australia	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	635	325	315	176,330	87,125	89,200
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10	0	10	47,140	22,535	24,605
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10	15	0	45,375	23,065	22,305
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	615	305	305	83,815	41,525	42,290
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	33,020	15,635	17,385
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	8,545	4,295	4,255
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	3,340	2,130	1,210
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	5,210	2,165	3,045
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	22,110	10,005	12,105
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	2,235	1,280	955
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	125	55	65
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	640	325	310	176,330	87,125	89,200
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	620	315	300	9,755	4,680	5,075
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	615	315	300	9,390	4,515	4,880
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	610	320	295	4,990	2,430	2,560
Métis	0	0	0	4,370	2,080	2,290
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	0	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	255	130	125
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	110	40	70
Non-Aboriginal identity	15	0	10	166,575	82,450	84,125
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	635	325	315	176,330	87,125	89,200
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	610	315	295	2,705	1,290	1,415
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	25	10	20	173,620	85,835	87,785
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	635	325	310	176,325	87,130	89,200
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	595	305	295	1,580	770	815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	595	300	295	1,520	735	785
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	600	305	295	1,055	550	500
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	460	180	280
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	65	35	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	25	15	15	9,290	4,495	4,790
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	30	15	15	8,920	4,340	4,580
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	15	5,515	2,670	2,845
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	3,360	1,655	1,705
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	50	15	35
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	370	155	210
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	360	155	205
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	15	10	10	165,455	81,855	83,595
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	640	325	310	176,330	87,125	89,200
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10	10	0	51,230	25,465	25,765
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	38,250	19,295	18,960
Chinese	0	0	0	2,515	1,235	1,280
Black	0	0	0	1,670	850	820
Filipino	0	0	0	1,810	680	1,125
Latin American	0	0	0	1,430	645	785
Arab	0	0	0	375	230	145
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	1,715	865	845
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	230	155	75
Korean	0	0	0	1,515	710	805
Japanese	0	0	0	630	290	340
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	270	145	125
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	810	370	445
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	635	320	310	125,100	61,660	63,440
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	640	325	315	176,330	87,125	89,205
North American Aboriginal origins	625	315	305	10,875	5,270	5,605
First Nations (North American Indian)	625	320	310	7,000	3,415	3,585
Inuit	0	0	0	60	20	40
Métis	0	0	0	4,245	2,030	2,220
Other North American origins	0	0	0	37,550	18,680	18,870
Acadian	0	0	0	125	60	65
American	0	0	0	2,650	1,240	1,405
Canadian	0	0	0	35,735	17,810	17,925
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	55	30	30
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	50	25	20
European origins	40	20	20	112,845	55,055	57,790
British Isles origins	25	10	10	69,145	33,450	35,695
Channel Islander	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	0
English	0	0	0	43,350	20,725	22,625
Irish	0	0	10	23,050	10,555	12,490
Manx	0	0	0	30	15	20
Scottish	20	10	10	30,715	14,735	15,980
Welsh	0	0	0	3,850	1,715	2,140
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	4,225	2,005	2,225
French origins	0	0	10	15,035	7,045	7,985
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10	0	10	15,035	7,050	7,980
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	47,370	23,000	24,370
Austrian	0	0	0	1,995	905	1,090
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	605	250	355
Dutch	0	0	0	16,735	8,175	8,560
Flemish	0	0	0	125	60	70
Frisian	0	0	0	120	65	60
German	0	0	0	33,375	16,075	17,300
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swiss	0	0	0	1,185	560	625
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	10	0	14,065	6,580	7,485
Danish	0	0	0	2,390	1,090	1,295
Finnish	0	0	0	1,610	770	840
Icelandic	0	0	0	925	400	525
Norwegian	10	0	0	5,560	2,600	2,965
Swedish	0	0	0	4,565	2,135	2,430
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	490	245	250
Eastern European origins	10	0	0	24,740	11,970	12,765
Bulgarian	0	0	0	95	50	45
Byelorussian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Czech	0	0	0	590	290	295
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	320	135	185
Estonian	0	0	0	235	125	110
Hungarian	0	0	0	2,595	1,290	1,305
Latvian	0	0	0	110	45	70
Lithuanian	0	0	0	180	70	115
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Polish	0	0	0	5,760	2,610	3,155
Romanian	0	0	0	1,265	620	645
Russian	0	0	10	7,825	3,875	3,945
Slovak	0	0	0	380	210	170
Ukrainian	0	0	0	9,525	4,560	4,965
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	75	40	35
Southern European origins	10	0	0	9,000	4,560	4,440
Albanian	0	0	0	120	55	70
Bosnian	0	0	0	130	70	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	365	200	170
Cypriot	0	0	0	20	20	0
Greek	0	0	0	750	375	375
Italian	10	0	0	4,740	2,440	2,300
Kosovar	0	0	0	45	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	125	65	65
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	905	535	370
Serbian	0	0	0	150	80	70
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	140	105	35
Spanish	0	0	0	1,915	830	1,090
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	180	100	80
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	1,115	600	525
Basque	0	0	0	30	20	10
Jewish	0	0	0	415	225	190
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	20	15	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	630	325	305
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	810	415	390
Antiguan	0	0	0	20	20	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	55	15	40
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	110	60	50
Jamaican	0	0	0	390	220	170
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	115	70	50
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	65	20	45
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,875	1,460	1,420
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	120	55	70
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	255	125	125
Chilean	0	0	0	115	65	50
Colombian	0	0	0	175	95	75
Costa Rican	0	0	0	35	15	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	120	60	60
Guyanese	0	0	0	45	35	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	90	40	45
Honduran	0	0	0	45	15	25
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	830	455	375
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	50	20	30
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	315	180	135
Peruvian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Salvadorean	0	0	0	525	215	305
Uruguayan	0	0	0	15	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	45	20	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	200	95	105
African origins	0	0	0	2,090	1,015	1,075
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	220	115	100
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	10	20
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	25	10	20
North African origins	0	0	0	310	175	135
Algerian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	30	20	10
Egyptian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	65	45	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	135	60	75
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	735	390	345
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	110	50	65
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	380	220	160
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	80	40	40
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	100	60	40
Other African origins	0	0	0	935	415	520
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	90	35	55
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	850	390	465
Asian origins	10	0	0	48,320	24,060	24,260
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,280	730	550
Afghan	0	0	0	85	55	30
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	75	45	30
Armenian	0	0	0	120	65	55
Assyrian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	220	125	95
Iraqi	0	0	0	120	75	50
Israeli	0	0	0	75	30	40
Jordanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	155	80	70
Palestinian	0	0	0	55	40	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Syrian	0	0	0	125	55	70
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	20	10	15
Turk	0	0	0	115	70	45
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	15	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	75	55	25
South Asian origins	0	0	0	37,915	19,100	18,815
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	33,340	16,735	16,600
Goan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	15	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	370	205	165
Punjabi	0	0	0	5,245	2,650	2,595
Sinhalese	0	0	0	35	10	20
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	100	65	40
Tamil	0	0	0	20	20	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	430	220	210
East and Southeast Asian origins	10	0	0	9,140	4,255	4,885
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	90	60	35
Chinese	0	0	0	3,320	1,580	1,740
Filipino	0	0	0	2,065	795	1,270
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	115	60	50
Japanese	0	0	0	730	340	385
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	1,525	715	810
Laotian	0	0	0	470	260	215
Malaysian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	65	35	30
Thai	0	0	0	175	70	105
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,165	570	595
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	125	60	65
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	125	60	65
Oceania origins	0	0	0	1,045	545	500
Australian	0	0	0	495	255	235
New Zealander	0	0	0	90	65	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	480	235	245
Fijian	0	0	0	315	140	175
Hawaiian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Maori	0	0	0	50	30	15
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Samoan	0	0	0	40	30	20
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	195	...	...	62,630	...	...
Owner	0	...	...	44,825	...	...
Renter	10	...	...	17,800	...	...
Band housing	185	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	195	...	...	62,630	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	13,445	...	...
Not condominium	200	...	...	49,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	200	...	...	62,630	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	285	...	...
1 bedroom	20	...	...	6,200	...	...
2 bedrooms	40	...	...	17,065	...	...
3 bedrooms	105	...	...	15,555	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	30	...	...	23,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	195	...	...	62,630	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	70	...	...	15,835	...	...
5 rooms	85	...	...	8,515	...	...
6 rooms	25	...	...	7,770	...	...
7 rooms	10	...	...	6,870	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	23,645	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.9	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	200	...	...	62,630	...	...
One person or fewer per room	180	...	...	60,670	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	1,960	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	200	...	...	62,635	...	...
Suitable	160	...	...	59,075	...	...
Not suitable	40	...	...	3,560	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	195	...	...	62,630	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	4,285	...	...
1961 to 1980	30	...	...	17,660	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	13,330	...	...
1991 to 2000	35	...	...	14,130	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	4,615	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	5,450	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	45	...	...	3,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	195	...	...	62,630	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	100	...	...	59,625	...	...
Major repairs needed	95	...	...	3,010	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	200	...	...	62,630	...	...
1 household maintainer	150	...	...	34,270	...	...
2 household maintainers	50	...	...	25,315	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	3,045	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	195	...	...	62,630	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,790	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	8,600	...	...
35 to 44 years	45	...	...	10,995	...	...
45 to 54 years	45	...	...	13,170	...	...
55 to 64 years	45	...	...	12,520	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	8,740	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	4,855	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,955	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	0	...	...	61,315	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	45,675	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	15,640	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	13,570	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	43,680	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	67.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,345	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,416	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	499,725	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	518,441	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	17,710	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	9.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	39.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	875	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	973	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	450	225	225	143,095	69,870	73,225
No certificate, diploma or degree	290	155	140	30,410	15,490	14,920
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	60	30	35	48,415	24,020	24,390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	95	45	55	64,270	30,360	33,915
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	10	13,290	9,805	3,485
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15	10	10	5,785	3,380	2,405
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	7,505	6,420	1,085
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	55	20	35	23,450	8,575	14,880
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	5,755	2,165	3,590
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15	10	10	21,775	9,820	11,955
Bachelor's degree	10	10	10	14,335	6,190	8,140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,855	705	1,150
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	795	525	270
Master's degree	10	0	0	4,290	2,055	2,235
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	495	340	160
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	315	160	150	93,260	45,535	47,720
No certificate, diploma or degree	185	100	80	13,780	7,560	6,220
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	40	20	25	30,610	15,455	15,155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	90	40	50	48,870	22,515	26,355
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	10	9,370	7,050	2,320
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15	10	0	4,050	2,405	1,645
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	5,325	4,650	675
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	50	15	30	17,895	6,455	11,440
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	4,125	1,535	2,590
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15	10	10	17,480	7,470	10,000
Bachelor's degree	10	0	10	11,510	4,760	6,755
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,495	535	960
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	610	395	215
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,510	1,565	1,945
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	355	220	135
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	450	225	225	143,095	69,870	73,225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	350	180	170	78,820	39,510	39,310
Education	0	0	0	4,955	1,300	3,655
13. Education	10	10	0	4,955	1,305	3,650
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	1,875	770	1,095
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	370	280	90
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,510	495	1,010
Humanities	10	0	0	5,320	2,295	3,020
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	365	95	265
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	10	795	205	590
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,835	740	1,095
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	295	185	105
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	1,305	730	575
54. History	0	0	0	615	330	285
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	110	20	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	0	25	6,315	1,955	4,355
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	285	140	140
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	20	1,535	70	1,465
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,025	285	745
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	115	35	80
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,085	270	815
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	2,225	1,140	1,080
Business, management and public administration	15	10	10	11,165	3,915	7,245
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	1,025	230	790
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	0	10,115	3,680	6,435
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,690	880	810
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	660	305	360
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	555	290	270
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	325	245	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	150	45	100
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	10	1,875	1,170	705
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,560	1,040	515
25. Library science	0	0	0	135	15	125
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	10	175	120	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	20	15	0	13,760	12,995	765
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	175	150	30
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,700	1,515	185
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,035	1,790	245
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	3,885	3,770	110
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	4,020	3,895	125
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,950	1,880	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,490	950	540
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	1,140	695	440
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	345	250	100
Health and related fields	0	10	0	11,185	1,995	9,190
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	650	330	320
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	10,330	1,525	8,805
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	205	140	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	10	4,645	2,120	2,520
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	2,875	705	2,170
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	725	485	240
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	1,010	900	110
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	315	165	150	93,260	45,535	47,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	225	125	105	44,390	23,020	21,370
Education	10	0	10	3,645	865	2,780
13. Education	10	0	10	3,650	860	2,785
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,455	580	880
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	265	200	65
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,185	375	810
Humanities	0	0	0	4,030	1,650	2,375
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	275	65	215
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	555	145	405
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,535	570	965
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	225	150	70
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	825	460	370
54. History	0	0	0	525	255	275
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	10	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	20	4,980	1,475	3,505
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	35	15	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	220	110	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	20	0	15	1,205	60	1,150
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	835	210	625
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	85	30	55
42. Psychology	0	0	0	810	175	635
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	1,795	880	915
Business, management and public administration	15	10	10	8,690	2,990	5,705
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	775	160	615
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15	10	0	7,900	2,820	5,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,130	570	565
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	455	205	250
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	375	190	185
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	225	165	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	15	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	10	1,635	1,035	605
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,410	945	465
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	10	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	10	110	75	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	20	15	0	10,100	9,495	605
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	135	115	20
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,220	1,070	145
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,505	1,320	185
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	2,905	2,810	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	2,920	2,825	100
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,415	1,360	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	1,175	720	455
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	910	540	365
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	265	175	85
Health and related fields	10	10	0	8,500	1,510	6,985
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	510	255	250
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	10	7,820	1,155	6,660
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	170	100	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	10	3,515	1,625	1,890
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	0	2,100	525	1,570
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	10	620	410	215
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	770	660	105
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	450	220	225	143,095	69,870	73,220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	350	180	170	78,825	39,515	39,310
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	95	40	55	64,275	30,355	33,910
Location of study inside Canada	95	45	55	52,215	24,320	27,900
Same as province or territory of residence	85	35	45	43,525	20,015	23,505
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	8,690	4,305	4,390
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	12,055	6,035	6,015
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	2,040	1,140	900
Philippines	0	0	0	665	210	455
India	0	0	0	4,130	2,020	2,105
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,255	735	530
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	290	115	175
France	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other	0	0	0	3,645	1,805	1,835
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	315	160	150	93,255	45,535	47,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	225	120	100	44,390	23,020	21,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	90	45	50	48,870	22,515	26,350
Location of study inside Canada	85	40	45	39,765	18,260	21,505
Same as province or territory of residence	75	35	40	33,955	15,425	18,525
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	5,815	2,835	2,985
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	10	9,100	4,260	4,845
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,395	755	640
Philippines	0	0	0	590	180	415
India	0	0	0	3,515	1,640	1,875
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	600	305	295
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	265	105	160
France	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other	0	0	0	2,715	1,250	1,465
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	450	225	225	143,095	69,870	73,220
In the labour force	210	100	110	93,930	49,615	44,315
Employed	170	80	90	87,815	46,715	41,100
Unemployed	40	25	20	6,120	2,900	3,210
Not in the labour force	240	125	120	49,165	20,255	28,910
Participation rate	46.7	44.4	48.9	65.6	71.0	60.5
Employment rate	37.8	35.6	40.0	61.4	66.9	56.1
Unemployment rate	19.0	25.0	18.2	6.5	5.8	7.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	450	225	225	143,095	69,870	73,225
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	245	125	120	45,565	18,790	26,780
Worked	205	95	105	97,525	51,085	46,445
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	110	45	60	45,190	27,490	17,700
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	95	55	45	52,340	23,595	28,745
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.6	36.8	38.4	41.7	42.9	40.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	210	100	105	93,930	49,620	44,315
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	0	1,515	730	785
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	190	85	100	92,415	48,890	43,525
Employee	185	80	100	79,970	40,805	39,170
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	0	0	0	12,445	8,085	4,360
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	210	100	105	93,930	49,615	44,315
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	15	0	1,515	730	785
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	190	85	100	92,415	48,885	43,525
0 Management occupations	10	10	0	9,475	6,260	3,210
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	25	0	20	12,455	3,165	9,285
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	3,460	2,830	635
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	5,835	1,095	4,740
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	85	30	55	9,410	3,025	6,385
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	10	0	1,970	880	1,085
6 Sales and service occupations	40	20	20	20,385	7,460	12,925
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	20	20	0	19,300	18,210	1,090
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	4,875	2,400	2,470
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	5,250	3,550	1,705
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	205	100	110	93,930	49,615	44,315
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	15	10	0	1,510	725	790
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	190	85	100	92,415	48,890	43,525
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	10	0	6,160	2,940	3,220
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	430	380	50
22 Utilities	0	0	0	325	260	65
23 Construction	10	10	0	9,685	8,530	1,155
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	9,270	6,770	2,505
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	3,795	2,590	1,205
44-45 Retail trade	10	0	0	10,175	4,265	5,910
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	10	0	7,400	6,085	1,315
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,230	730	505
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	2,565	960	1,605
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,465	775	690
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	4,115	2,045	2,070
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	140	75	70
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	10	0	4,175	2,435	1,735
61 Educational services	25	10	15	5,615	1,640	3,975
62 Health care and social assistance	55	20	35	9,380	1,475	7,910
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	1,185	515	670
72 Accommodation and food services	10	10	0	6,340	2,030	4,315
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	0	0	4,910	2,230	2,680
91 Public administration	65	30	35	4,045	2,170	1,870
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	170	75	85	87,815	46,715	41,100
Worked at home	10	10	10	6,555	3,060	3,495
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	360	245	110
No fixed workplace address	20	10	10	15,995	12,145	3,850
Worked at usual place	140	60	75	64,910	31,265	33,645
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	135	60	80	64,905	31,265	33,645
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	130	55	75	35,825	14,910	20,920
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	7,940	3,485	4,455
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	20,790	12,625	8,165
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	350	245	100
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	160	70	85	80,905	43,410	37,495
Car, truck, van - as a driver	100	45	55	68,580	37,475	31,110
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	25	15	15	6,255	3,055	3,205
Public transit	0	0	10	1,990	875	1,115
Walked	25	10	20	2,560	1,090	1,465
Bicycle	0	0	0	455	350	105
Other method	10	10	0	1,065	565	495
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	160	70	90	80,900	43,405	37,490
Less than 15 minutes	135	60	75	26,545	11,330	15,210
15 to 29 minutes	10	10	10	24,350	12,055	12,300
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	13,605	8,245	5,365
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	6,985	4,655	2,335
60 minutes and over	15	0	10	9,410	7,125	2,285
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	160	70	90	80,905	43,410	37,495
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	9,195	6,845	2,350
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	0	0	15,545	10,120	5,425
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	35	15	25	18,595	9,575	9,025
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	75	30	45	14,425	5,885	8,540
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	0	15	8,845	3,375	5,465
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	15	15	0	14,295	7,605	6,685
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	225	105	120	101,355	52,845	48,510
Single responses	225	105	120	98,665	51,330	47,340
Official languages	210	100	110	93,645	48,795	44,850
English	210	100	110	93,495	48,765	44,735
French	0	0	0	150	30	115
Non-official languages	10	10	10	5,020	2,530	2,485
Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5,020	2,535	2,485
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	135	60	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	60	75
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	4,470	2,265	2,205
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	4,345	2,200	2,140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	4,340	2,195	2,145
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	4,320	2,190	2,135
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	80	45	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	80	50	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	170	65	100
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	180	110	80
Chinese languages	0	0	0	180	105	75
Cantonese	0	0	0	70	45	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	50	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	10	2,690	1,515	1,175
English and French	0	0	0	135	50	85
English and non-official language	0	0	0	2,540	1,460	1,080
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	225	110	120	101,355	52,845	48,510
None	145	70	75	94,430	49,055	45,375
English	10	0	10	1,750	960	790
French	0	0	0	505	200	310
Non-official language	70	35	35	4,620	2,600	2,020
Aboriginal	65	35	35	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	4,615	2,605	2,015
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	625	315	305	174,255	86,030	88,225
Non-movers	580	295	285	147,810	73,090	74,715
Movers	40	20	15	26,450	12,940	13,505
Non-migrants	25	20	10	14,305	7,030	7,275
Migrants	10	10	10	12,140	5,905	6,240
Internal migrants	10	0	0	10,220	5,010	5,210
Intraprovincial migrants	10	0	0	8,555	4,105	4,455
Interprovincial migrants	0	10	0	1,665	905	760
External migrants	0	0	0	1,925	895	1,025
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	575	295	275	165,590	81,600	83,990
Non-movers	480	245	235	94,945	47,025	47,920
Movers	95	50	45	70,650	34,580	36,070
Non-migrants	50	25	20	38,890	19,090	19,800
Migrants	45	20	25	31,755	15,490	16,265
Internal migrants	45	25	25	25,180	12,270	12,915
Intraprovincial migrants	40	20	15	21,350	10,350	10,995
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	3,825	1,915	1,910
External migrants	0	0	0	6,580	3,220	3,355

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. English River 21, IRI [Census subdivision], Ontario and Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
English River 21, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario and Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census English River 21, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario and Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
English River 21, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Ontario and Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia