Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sherbrooke [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Sherbrooke Quebec [Census metropolitan area]			Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Sherbrooke [Census metropolitan area], Quebec Map : Sherbrooke [Census metropolitan area], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	212,105	...	...	465	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	202,261 ^r	...	...	454	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	106,082	...	...	286	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	95,577	...	...	190	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	145.3	...	...	4.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,459.58	...	...	110.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	212,105	103,660	108,440	465	245	220
0 to 14 years	34,255	17,715	16,540	100	45	55
0 to 4 years	11,305	5,875	5,430	20	15	10
5 to 9 years	12,020	6,175	5,840	45	20	30
10 to 14 years	10,930	5,660	5,270	30	15	15
15 to 64 years	136,640	67,845	68,790	295	155	135
15 to 19 years	11,755	5,995	5,765	25	10	10
20 to 24 years	15,085	7,570	7,515	20	15	10
25 to 29 years	13,465	6,845	6,625	30	15	15
30 to 34 years	12,930	6,625	6,310	25	15	10
35 to 39 years	13,450	6,725	6,725	40	15	20
40 to 44 years	12,080	5,900	6,185	20	10	10
45 to 49 years	12,480	6,225	6,255	30	15	10
50 to 54 years	14,925	7,250	7,680	25	15	10
55 to 59 years	15,520	7,510	8,010	40	20	20
60 to 64 years	14,945	7,215	7,730	45	25	20
65 years and over	41,215	18,100	23,110	70	40	35
65 to 69 years	13,410	6,350	7,060	25	15	15
70 to 74 years	10,605	5,000	5,605	25	15	10
75 to 79 years	6,845	3,065	3,780	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	4,995	2,075	2,920	10	5	5
85 years and over	5,360	1,615	3,750	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	3,220	1,135	2,090	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	1,650	405	1,250	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	435	70	360	0	0	0
100 years and over	50	10	45	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	17.1	15.3	21.5	18.4	25.0
15 to 64 years	64.4	65.4	63.4	63.4	63.3	61.4
65 years and over	19.4	17.5	21.3	15.1	16.3	15.9
85 years and over	2.5	1.6	3.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	42.0	40.6	43.3	39.4	39.8	39.0
Median age of the population	42.0	40.3	43.8	38.7	38.9	38.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
Single-detached house	42,630	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	2,005	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	50,415	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	4,320	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	2,455	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5,815	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	37,455	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	370	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	530	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
1 person	34,605	...	...	45	...	...
2 persons	34,430	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	11,330	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	10,055	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	5,155	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	205,735	...	...	465	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	177,850	85,950	91,905	365	190	170
Married or living common law	98,110	49,025	49,080	255	130	125
Married	54,070	27,050	27,025	145	70	75
Living common law	44,035	21,980	22,055	110	55	55
Not married and not living common law	79,745	36,920	42,825	110	65	45
Never married	53,090	28,155	24,940	80	55	25
Separated	2,230	1,040	1,190	0	0	0
Divorced	14,415	5,715	8,700	20	10	10
Widowed	10,015	2,015	7,995	10	5	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	57,465	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	32,735	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	10,535	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	9,670	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	4,530	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	57,465	...	...	140	...	...
Total couple families	48,175	...	...	125	...	...
Married couples	26,175	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	21,995	...	...	55	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	9,295	...	...	15	...	...
Female parent	6,695	...	...	10	...	...
Male parent	2,595	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	48,175	...	...	130	...	...
Couples without children	27,165	...	...	70	...	...
Couples with children	21,010	...	...	65	...	...
1 child	7,740	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	8,945	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	4,335	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	9,290	...	...	15	...	...
1 child	5,570	...	...	0	...	...
2 children	2,800	...	...	0	...	...
3 or more children	925	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	45,725	21,990	23,730	55	35	15
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
One-census-family households	56,615	...	...	140	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	26,810	...	...	65	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	29,810	...	...	70	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	420	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	38,535	...	...	50	...	...
One-person households	34,605	...	...	45	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,935	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	209,140	102,505	106,635	465	245	225
English only	3,180	1,555	1,630	0	0	0
French only	113,635	52,010	61,625	325	155	160
English and French	91,215	48,440	42,775	145	85	55
Neither English nor French	1,110	505	610	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	209,145	102,505	106,635	465	240	220
English	11,175	5,550	5,630	10	0	5
French	194,215	95,025	99,190	455	240	220
English and French	2,690	1,460	1,230	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,065	475	590	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	12,515	6,280	6,245	10	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	6.0	6.1	5.9	2.2	2.1	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	209,145	102,510	106,635	465	245	220
Single responses	206,530	101,190	105,340	465	245	225
Official languages	195,580	95,735	99,840	460	245	220
English	9,640	4,765	4,875	10	0	5
French	185,945	90,970	94,970	450	235	210
Non-official languages	10,950	5,455	5,495	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,945	5,450	5,490	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,985	1,065	915	0	0	0
Berber languages	150	90	60	0	0	0
Kabyle	105	60	45	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	50	30	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,780	945	835	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	1,730	930	805	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	250	110	135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	185	85	100	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	20	55	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	5	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	135	60	75	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	120	55	70	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,830	3,390	3,450	0	0	0
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,410	675	740	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,405	675	735	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	195	95	95	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Croatian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	135	55	80	0	0	0
Russian	170	60	105	0	0	0
Serbian	390	205	180	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	350	175	170	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	330	155	175	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	55	15	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	235	120	120	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	65	45	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,575	805	775	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	265	135	140	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	190	90	100	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,310	675	635	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	50	25	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,230	630	600	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,410	1,690	1,720	0	0	0
Catalan	15	10	5	0	0	0
Italian	195	120	80	0	0	0
Portuguese	245	120	125	0	0	0
Romanian	175	85	95	0	0	0
Spanish	2,775	1,360	1,415	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	985	490	495	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	55	30	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	175	90	85	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	110	55	60	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	205	95	105	0	0	0
Wolof	90	55	35	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	295	140	155	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	370	170	200	0	0	0
Chinese languages	375	170	200	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	265	125	140	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	50	30	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,610	1,315	1,295	0	5	0
English and French	1,630	815	820	0	5	0
English and non-official language	135	70	65	0	0	0
French and non-official language	750	380	365	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	95	45	50	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	209,140	102,505	106,635	465	240	225
Single responses	205,165	100,565	104,600	465	245	225
Official languages	198,680	97,300	101,380	465	245	225
English	9,365	4,585	4,780	5	5	0
French	189,310	92,710	96,605	460	235	220
Non-official languages	6,485	3,265	3,220	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,485	3,265	3,215	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,035	540	500	0	0	0
Berber languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	970	500	465	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	935	485	445	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	150	70	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	125	55	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	30	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	45	30	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,455	2,230	2,225	0	0	0
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	865	425	440	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	865	425	440	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Russian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Serbian	295	150	145	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	220	105	105	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	65	30	40	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	25	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,250	630	620	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	205	100	100	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	170	85	85	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,050	530	515	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,010	505	500	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,225	1,120	1,100	0	0	0
Catalan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	170	85	85	0	0	0
Romanian	95	55	45	0	0	0
Spanish	1,910	960	950	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	370	175	190	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	25	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	100	50	50	0	0	0
Wolof	20	15	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	110	45	65	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	265	130	130	0	0	0
Chinese languages	260	135	130	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	100	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,975	1,940	2,035	0	0	0
English and French	1,690	840	845	0	0	0
English and non-official language	200	100	105	0	0	0
French and non-official language	1,800	850	950	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	280	145	140	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	209,140	102,510	106,635	465	240	220
None	187,090	91,280	95,810	430	225	210
English	12,320	6,375	5,945	25	10	15
French	5,700	2,860	2,840	5	5	0
Non-official language	3,215	1,595	1,615	0	0	0
Aboriginal	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,205	1,590	1,615	0	0	0
English and French	320	165	160	0	0	0
English and non-official language	380	185	195	0	0	0
French and non-official language	105	40	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	171,580	83,760	87,825	365	195	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	166,205	81,210	85,000	360	190	165
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,720	35,988	27,977	33,280	36,224	29,376
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	166,250	81,210	85,045	355	190	165
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,534	31,653	25,626	29,517	32,128	26,069
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	148,010	73,610	74,405	325	180	145
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,337	33,422	23,964	26,496	29,888	24,256
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	131,685	61,060	70,630	300	155	140
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,568	6,260	8,439	7,168	6,800	7,632
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	117,330	60,195	57,140	275	155	120
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,302	33,229	25,895	28,032	32,320	24,512
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	171,590	83,775	87,815	350	175	175
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	166,335	81,220	85,110	350	180	175
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,666	44,540	35,014	33,404	36,085	30,681
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	166,370	81,225	85,150	350	175	170
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,993	36,262	29,875	29,330	31,514	27,111
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	148,185	73,820	74,365	320	165	155
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,864	42,465	31,305	28,111	31,060	24,980
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	131,650	60,970	70,680	310	150	155
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,622	7,922	9,226	8,556	8,090	8,997
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	117,330	60,105	57,225	255	130	130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,891	41,198	32,368	29,515	33,302	25,652
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	171,585	83,780	87,815	345	175	175
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	49,755	26,865	22,895	115	65	55
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,925	48,057	40,283	39,645	41,850	34,887
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	51,851	56,500	46,396	39,740	42,162	36,949
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.0	87.0	78.0	80.7	82.3	75.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.4	68.1	62.0	69.1	70.9	65.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.0	13.0	22.0	19.9	17.4	23.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	171,580	83,760	87,820	365	195	170
Without total income	5,375	2,555	2,820	5	5	5
With total income	166,210	81,210	85,000	360	190	165
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.0	96.8	98.6	97.4	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	19,215	8,745	10,465	35	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	32,865	13,310	19,555	65	30	30
$20,000 to $29,999	26,975	11,890	15,085	60	30	30
$30,000 to $39,999	23,205	11,230	11,975	65	40	20
$40,000 to $49,999	20,070	10,095	9,975	55	35	20
$50,000 to $59,999	13,900	7,625	6,275	30	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	9,220	5,255	3,965	15	15	5
$70,000 to $79,999	6,770	3,815	2,955	15	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	4,300	2,625	1,675	10	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,575	1,680	890	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	7,125	4,935	2,185	0	0	0
$100,000 to $149,999	4,765	3,235	1,535	0	5	0
$150,000 and over	2,350	1,705	650	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	171,580	83,760	87,825	365	195	175
Without after-tax income	5,330	2,545	2,780	10	5	5
With after-tax income	166,250	81,210	85,040	360	190	165
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.0	96.8	98.6	97.4	94.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20,030	8,925	11,110	35	15	25
$10,000 to $19,999	34,530	14,090	20,440	65	30	35
$20,000 to $29,999	32,965	15,075	17,885	80	40	40
$30,000 to $39,999	29,605	14,825	14,785	75	50	20
$40,000 to $49,999	20,335	10,955	9,385	45	25	20
$50,000 to $59,999	12,055	6,755	5,305	25	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	7,130	4,115	3,005	15	0	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,575	2,300	1,275	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	6,030	4,175	1,855	5	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,895	1,260	635	0	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,140	790	350	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	2,995	2,125	875	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	171,585	83,760	87,820	365	195	170
Without employment income	54,250	23,565	30,685	90	35	50
With employment income	117,330	60,195	57,140	280	155	120
Percentage with employment income	68.4	71.9	65.1	76.7	79.5	70.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	15,885	8,085	7,800	45	25	15
$5,000 to $9,999	10,050	4,480	5,570	20	10	15
$10,000 to $19,999	18,100	8,015	10,085	45	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	15,640	7,235	8,400	35	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	15,125	7,315	7,815	40	30	10
$40,000 to $49,999	12,445	6,495	5,950	40	30	15
$50,000 to $59,999	8,920	5,250	3,670	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	6,055	3,575	2,480	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	5,215	2,930	2,280	15	0	10
$80,000 and over	9,905	6,815	3,090	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,035	2,020	1,015	5	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,910	1,260	645	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	4,965	3,535	1,425	0	5	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,747	...	...	56,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,558	...	...	51,712	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	34,605	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,858	...	...	31,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,758	...	...	28,096	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	60,970	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,862	...	...	68,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,060	...	...	59,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	95,575	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,032	...	...	62,402	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,431	...	...	54,791	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	34,495	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,522	...	...	27,233	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,175	...	...	24,380	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	61,080	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,959	...	...	74,022	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,827	...	...	64,839	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
Under $5,000	1,180	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,815	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,485	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,585	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5,835	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	4,520	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5,405	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5,495	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5,400	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,770	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	8,350	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	7,275	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,215	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5,315	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	4,380	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	19,550	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	8,040	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,750	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,020	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,740	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	95,580	...	...	190	...	...
Under $5,000	1,245	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,840	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,540	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,900	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	6,575	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5,460	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	6,810	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	6,610	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5,920	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5,415	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	9,710	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	7,995	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	6,440	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5,165	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	4,065	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,900	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,275	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,720	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,910	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	57,855	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	75,241	...	...	67,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,006	...	...	59,648	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	26,460	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,085	...	...	55,872	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,311	...	...	48,512	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	21,105	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,772	...	...	98,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,832	...	...	80,640	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	9,070	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,916	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,620	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	57,875	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,520	...	...	73,932	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,869	...	...	64,762	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	26,490	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,479	...	...	57,171	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,212	...	...	51,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	21,145	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,770	...	...	105,030	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,389	...	...	89,333	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	9,025	...	...	20	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,625	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,367	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	42,735	20,610	22,125	50	35	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,440	26,787	24,559	32,192	33,152	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,084	24,728	23,538	28,160	29,760	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	42,680	20,510	22,170	55	25	25
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,197	34,366	32,115	28,638	0	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,443	29,043	27,888	25,542	0	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	205,735	101,405	104,330	465	240	220
In the bottom half of the distribution	126,495	61,155	65,340	300	160	140
In the bottom decile	22,550	11,145	11,405	45	25	20
In the second decile	25,070	11,335	13,735	40	20	15
In the third decile	27,545	13,275	14,275	85	50	40
In the fourth decile	26,765	13,040	13,725	80	40	40
In the fifth decile	24,560	12,360	12,205	60	35	25
In the top half of the distribution	79,240	40,255	38,990	160	85	80
In the sixth decile	22,705	11,550	11,160	60	25	30
In the seventh decile	20,080	10,100	9,980	50	25	25
In the eighth decile	15,855	8,035	7,820	35	20	20
In the ninth decile	11,655	6,005	5,650	20	10	10
In the top decile	8,950	4,565	4,385	5	5	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	205,730	101,405	104,330	465	245	220
0 to 17 years	40,805	21,090	19,715	115	60	60
0 to 5 years	13,695	7,140	6,555	30	15	10
18 to 64 years	128,705	63,560	65,145	280	150	130
65 years and over	36,225	16,750	19,470	70	35	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	33,980	15,805	18,175	65	35	30
0 to 17 years	6,095	3,145	2,955	20	15	10
0 to 5 years	1,955	1,015	940	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	21,020	10,250	10,775	30	15	15
65 years and over	6,865	2,415	4,455	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.5	15.6	17.4	14.0	14.3	13.6
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	14.9	15.0	17.4	25.0	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	14.2	14.3	33.3	33.3	50.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.3	16.1	16.5	10.7	10.0	11.5
65 years and over (%)	19.0	14.4	22.9	21.4	28.6	28.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	17,995	9,080	8,915	15	10	5
0 to 17 years	2,855	1,445	1,415	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	915	465	455	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	14,220	7,260	6,960	10	10	5
65 years and over	920	375	545	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.7	9.0	8.5	3.2	4.1	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.0	6.9	7.2	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.7	6.5	6.9	16.7	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	11.0	11.4	10.7	3.6	6.7	3.8
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.2	2.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	205,735	101,400	104,330	445	225	225
Official languages	204,630	100,915	103,715	445	225	225
English	93,540	49,945	43,600	90	55	35
French	201,535	99,440	102,090	445	225	220
Non-official languages	19,845	9,550	10,295	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,850	9,555	10,290	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,585	1,335	1,250	0	0	0
Berber languages	230	155	75	0	0	0
Kabyle	165	110	55	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	65	45	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,490	1,275	1,215	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	2,440	1,265	1,180	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	0	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	235	120	110	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	180	100	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	0	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	360	170	190	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	30	10	20	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	330	165	160	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	14,290	6,800	7,485	10	0	0
Albanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,845	885	965	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,845	880	965	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	265	130	140	0	0	0
Bulgarian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Croatian	135	45	90	0	0	0
Czech	50	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	165	70	90	0	0	0
Russian	330	165	165	0	0	0
Serbian	535	270	270	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	365	185	180	0	0	0
Slovak	40	10	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	25	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,035	590	445	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dutch	90	60	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	875	500	375	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	35	25	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	70	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,800	935	860	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	425	235	185	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	0	10	0	0	0
Hindi	75	55	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	100	65	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	20	0	0	0	0
Urdu	210	100	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,540	775	770	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	140	70	70	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,480	750	730	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,865	4,540	5,320	0	0	0
Catalan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Italian	725	325	400	0	0	0
Portuguese	450	235	215	0	0	0
Romanian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Spanish	8,860	4,075	4,790	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Japanese	170	85	85	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,640	835	805	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	85	55	30	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	225	110	115	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	255	140	115	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	110	50	60	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	435	230	205	0	0	0
Wolof	220	105	120	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	495	255	240	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	50	15	45	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	15	45	0	0	0
Sign languages	210	80	125	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	140	60	85	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	20	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	375	210	165	0	0	0
Chinese languages	370	210	165	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	15	30	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	290	155	135	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	40	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Lao	45	20	30	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	85	45	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	205,735	101,405	104,330	445	225	220
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	198,250	97,605	100,645	445	225	225
Canadian citizens aged under 18	39,055	20,190	18,865	100	50	50
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	159,195	77,415	81,780	340	170	165
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	7,485	3,800	3,685	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	205,735	101,405	104,330	445	220	225
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	189,100	92,950	96,150	445	225	225
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	14,550	7,315	7,235	0	0	0
Before 1981	2,175	1,165	1,015	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	1,010	545	465	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	2,495	1,215	1,280	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	4,930	2,470	2,465	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	2,140	1,045	1,090	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,795	1,425	1,375	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,945	1,930	2,010	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,085	1,135	945	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	14,550	7,315	7,230	0	0	0
Under 5 years	2,145	1,080	1,065	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,735	1,360	1,375	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	2,425	1,130	1,290	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	6,305	3,250	3,050	0	0	0
45 years and over	945	490	450	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	14,550	7,320	7,235	0	0	0
Americas	3,900	1,895	2,005	0	0	0
Brazil	145	75	70	0	0	0
Colombia	1,100	540	560	0	0	0
El Salvador	130	60	70	0	0	0
Guyana	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	270	115	150	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	290	150	140	0	0	0
Peru	150	60	90	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	920	435	480	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	885	445	440	0	0	0
Europe	4,695	2,455	2,240	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	710	360	345	0	0	0
Croatia	115	55	60	0	0	0
France	1,965	1,045	920	0	0	0
Germany	205	110	95	0	0	0
Greece	70	35	35	0	0	0
Hungary	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	70	50	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	45	10	35	0	0	0
Poland	95	50	45	0	0	0
Portugal	30	15	10	0	0	0
Romania	180	90	80	0	0	0
Russian Federation	145	70	70	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	115	35	80	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	25	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	150	90	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	730	395	335	0	0	0
Africa	3,290	1,780	1,510	0	0	0
Algeria	495	290	205	0	0	0
Egypt	75	45	35	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	555	335	225	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	2,145	1,110	1,040	0	0	0
Asia	2,640	1,170	1,470	0	0	0
Afghanistan	755	380	370	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	380	100	280	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	10	10	0	0	0
India	45	25	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	150	70	85	0	0	0
Iraq	160	75	85	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	65	40	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	250	125	125	0	0	0
Philippines	45	10	40	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	265	115	150	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	155	75	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	290	130	160	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,940	1,930	2,010	0	0	0
Americas	695	315	380	0	0	0
Brazil	45	25	25	0	0	0
Colombia	250	115	135	0	0	0
Cuba	50	25	25	0	0	0
Haiti	45	25	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	100	50	50	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	45	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	100	30	75	0	0	0
Europe	550	285	270	0	0	0
France	325	165	160	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	30	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	55	55	0	0	0
Africa	1,470	750	720	0	0	0
Algeria	150	90	65	0	0	0
Cameroon	95	55	40	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	215	100	110	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	145	55	85	0	0	0
Egypt	35	15	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	120	65	60	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	85	45	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	620	330	295	0	0	0
Asia	1,225	570	650	0	0	0
Afghanistan	445	215	235	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	70	30	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	75	40	40	0	0	0
Iraq	90	40	50	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	175	90	85	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	235	100	135	0	0	0
Taiwan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	15	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	205,735	101,405	104,330	445	220	220
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	17,375	8,805	8,570	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10,770	5,245	5,530	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	177,585	87,360	90,230	440	225	220
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	12,515	6,215	6,300	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,035	2,645	2,390	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,230	1,430	800	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,805	1,215	1,595	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,515	1,105	1,410	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	4,820	2,400	2,420	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	140	60	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	205,735	101,405	104,330	445	225	225
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,425	1,200	1,225	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,275	1,145	1,135	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,090	495	590	15	0	10
Métis	1,120	605	520	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	70	45	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	203,310	100,210	103,105	425	215	210
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	205,735	101,405	104,330	445	225	225
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	475	235	245	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	205,260	101,165	104,090	445	225	220
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	205,735	101,405	104,330	450	225	220
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,810	735	1,070	20	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,765	725	1,040	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,535	635	900	20	10	10
Métis single ancestry	215	85	130	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	40	10	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	35	10	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,305	3,135	3,175	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,180	3,070	3,105	20	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,520	2,710	2,810	10	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	605	320	280	10	10	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	40	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	125	60	65	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	45	60	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	197,620	97,535	100,090	415	205	205
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	205,735	101,405	104,330	445	225	225
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	11,990	5,960	6,035	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	480	255	225	0	0	0
Chinese	600	235	375	0	0	0
Black	3,665	1,825	1,840	0	10	0
Filipino	60	15	45	0	0	0
Latin American	2,835	1,385	1,450	0	0	0
Arab	1,975	1,065	915	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	535	270	265	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,300	645	660	0	0	0
Korean	65	25	35	0	0	0
Japanese	75	35	40	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	305	165	140	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	193,740	95,445	98,295	445	220	220
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	205,735	101,405	104,330	445	225	225
North American Aboriginal origins	8,115	3,870	4,245	30	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,215	3,405	3,805	25	10	10
Inuit	100	60	40	0	0	0
Métis	965	470	495	10	0	10
Other North American origins	148,095	72,735	75,360	365	185	180
Acadian	795	375	420	0	0	0
American	1,235	620	620	0	0	0
Canadian	143,355	70,350	73,005	340	175	170
New Brunswicker	20	0	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	4,625	2,305	2,320	25	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	30	15	15	0	0	0
European origins	76,275	37,670	38,605	125	60	65
British Isles origins	19,825	9,340	10,495	35	15	20
Channel Islander	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,650	3,070	3,575	0	0	0
Irish	12,000	5,510	6,490	20	10	10
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,895	2,435	2,460	10	10	10
Welsh	325	150	175	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	500	265	230	0	0	0
French origins	56,180	28,055	28,125	120	50	65
Alsatian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Breton	345	160	190	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	0	0	0	0
French	55,970	27,955	28,010	120	55	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,110	3,035	3,075	0	0	0
Austrian	200	120	75	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,695	840	855	0	0	0
Dutch	540	265	275	0	0	0
Flemish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	3,310	1,675	1,635	0	0	0
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	605	255	345	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	570	270	300	0	0	0
Danish	170	85	80	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	10	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	175	80	90	0	0	0
Swedish	115	55	65	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	85	45	40	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,220	1,020	1,195	15	10	0
Bulgarian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	70	40	30	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	280	120	160	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	755	335	425	10	10	0
Romanian	315	170	145	0	0	0
Russian	390	170	225	0	0	0
Slovak	90	40	55	0	0	0
Ukrainian	425	175	250	10	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,900	3,380	3,515	0	0	0
Albanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bosnian	440	200	240	0	0	0
Catalan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	195	85	105	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	315	130	185	0	0	0
Italian	3,355	1,665	1,690	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	20	10	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	585	275	315	0	0	0
Serbian	640	295	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	40	40	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,580	780	800	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	215	125	90	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	530	250	275	0	0	0
Basque	140	75	70	0	0	0
Jewish	115	45	70	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	265	125	140	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,050	535	520	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	125	65	60	0	0	0
Dominican	130	85	40	0	0	0
Grenadian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Haitian	660	315	345	0	0	0
Jamaican	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	20	10	15	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	40	10	25	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,635	1,785	1,850	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	105	50	55	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	100	65	35	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	220	100	120	0	0	0
Chilean	140	75	60	0	0	0
Colombian	1,360	680	675	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	15	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	190	80	110	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	85	45	35	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	570	305	265	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	195	90	105	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	235	95	135	0	0	0
Salvadorean	255	125	130	0	0	0
Uruguayan	50	25	20	0	0	0
Venezuelan	100	40	60	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	120	50	70	0	0	0
African origins	5,210	2,770	2,445	10	0	0
Central and West African origins	1,845	940	905	0	10	0
Akan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Angolan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	70	55	15	0	0	0
Burkinabe	65	25	40	0	0	0
Cameroonian	230	130	105	10	10	0
Chadian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Congolese	560	255	300	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gabonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guinean	35	10	20	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Liberian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malian	100	45	50	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Peulh	20	15	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	190	85	100	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	105	55	50	0	0	0
Wolof	25	20	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	280	150	130	0	0	0
North African origins	2,090	1,145	945	0	0	0
Algerian	440	235	210	0	0	0
Berber	385	235	145	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	235	115	120	0	0	0
Libyan	35	15	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	775	415	360	0	0	0
Sudanese	40	35	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	270	145	120	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	785	410	380	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	100	65	35	0	0	0
Burundian	365	175	185	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	105	55	45	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	140	65	80	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	605	340	265	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	40	30	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	575	315	255	0	0	0
Asian origins	5,380	2,595	2,780	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,330	1,630	1,700	0	0	0
Afghan	1,150	575	575	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	555	285	265	0	0	0
Armenian	135	65	75	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian	255	125	135	0	0	0
Iraqi	225	90	130	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	335	200	135	0	0	0
Palestinian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pashtun	20	10	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	565	255	305	0	0	0
Tajik	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	110	55	55	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	40	20	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins	465	250	210	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	60	35	20	0	0	0
East Indian	235	125	110	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	45	35	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	60	25	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,615	730	880	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	100	50	50	0	0	0
Chinese	745	295	450	0	0	0
Filipino	65	20	50	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	110	50	60	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	25	45	0	0	0
Laotian	90	35	50	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	50	45	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	385	210	180	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	65	30	35	0	0	0
Australian	15	0	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	30	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	95,580	...	...	185	...	...
Owner	53,780	...	...	165	...	...
Renter	41,795	...	...	25	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	95,575	...	...	185	...	...
Condominium	8,420	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	87,160	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
No bedrooms	735	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	14,505	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	31,115	...	...	40	...	...
3 bedrooms	31,535	...	...	55	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	17,690	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	95,580	...	...	185	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	35,385	...	...	35	...	...
5 rooms	16,200	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	10,820	...	...	25	...	...
7 rooms	10,520	...	...	30	...	...
8 or more rooms	22,650	...	...	60	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
One person or fewer per room	95,050	...	...	190	...	...
More than 1 person per room	525	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
Suitable	93,550	...	...	185	...	...
Not suitable	2,025	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
1960 or before	19,345	...	...	90	...	...
1961 to 1980	28,080	...	...	45	...	...
1981 to 1990	14,580	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	11,900	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	6,205	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	7,975	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	7,495	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	95,580	...	...	185	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	90,755	...	...	180	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,820	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	95,575	...	...	190	...	...
1 household maintainer	59,095	...	...	115	...	...
2 household maintainers	35,500	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	985	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	95,580	...	...	190	...	...
15 to 24 years	5,470	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	14,240	...	...	25	...	...
35 to 44 years	15,120	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	17,210	...	...	20	...	...
55 to 64 years	18,875	...	...	65	...	...
65 to 74 years	15,245	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	7,160	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	2,260	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	95,215	...	...	185	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	74,905	...	...	165	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	20,305	...	...	25	...	...
30% to less than 100%	18,300	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	53,495	...	...	160	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.9	...	...	48.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	951	...	...	569	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	614	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,863	...	...	125,046	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	254,823	...	...	133,999	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	41,780	...	...	20	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	630	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	682	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	171,590	83,775	87,815	350	175	175
No certificate, diploma or degree	31,410	15,990	15,420	75	50	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	35,845	17,120	18,725	85	50	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	104,330	50,665	53,670	185	75	115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	31,370	18,650	12,720	75	50	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	22,835	11,750	11,090	40	20	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	8,530	6,900	1,635	30	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	32,095	13,630	18,470	60	15	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,520	2,230	3,290	30	10	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35,350	16,160	19,190	25	10	15
Bachelor's degree	20,630	8,670	11,955	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,690	1,200	1,490	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,510	775	735	0	0	0
Master's degree	8,180	3,940	4,240	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,345	1,580	770	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	108,740	53,465	55,275	250	125	120
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,190	7,385	5,805	45	40	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,845	9,430	9,415	40	20	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	76,705	36,655	40,055	160	60	100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	24,165	13,875	10,295	70	40	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	17,980	8,845	9,135	40	20	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,190	5,030	1,160	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	21,210	9,295	11,910	45	10	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,425	1,310	2,115	25	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	27,905	12,170	15,730	20	10	15
Bachelor's degree	16,400	6,800	9,595	20	0	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,920	730	1,190	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,205	530	670	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,520	2,940	3,585	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,855	1,170	685	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	171,585	83,780	87,815	350	175	170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	67,255	33,110	34,145	165	105	65
Education	8,665	2,215	6,450	20	0	20
13. Education	8,665	2,215	6,450	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,105	1,295	1,805	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	525	400	125	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,575	895	1,680	0	0	0
Humanities	6,630	2,825	3,805	15	0	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	645	165	485	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	245	80	170	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	3,365	1,385	1,980	10	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	15	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	280	190	90	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	545	330	215	0	0	0
54. History	590	365	225	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	940	305	635	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	9,240	3,010	6,225	15	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	190	60	125	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,010	315	695	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,925	200	1,720	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,550	630	925	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	250	40	210	0	0	0
42. Psychology	2,315	640	1,680	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,010	1,135	875	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	21,560	7,635	13,920	40	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	15	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,580	355	1,220	10	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	19,945	7,265	12,685	35	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,455	2,585	1,870	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,780	895	890	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	435	240	195	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	1,095	640	460	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	920	715	205	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	225	95	125	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,175	2,170	1,005	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,630	1,885	745	0	0	10
25. Library science	160	45	115	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	335	205	130	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	22,110	20,610	1,505	50	45	10
04. Architecture and related services	365	210	155	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,425	2,930	495	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	4,590	4,135	455	10	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	5,235	5,120	110	0	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,775	4,665	110	10	0	0
48. Precision production	3,725	3,545	175	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,360	1,455	905	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,280	690	590	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,080	770	315	10	10	0
Health and related fields	15,720	3,395	12,325	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	960	585	385	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	14,235	2,535	11,700	20	0	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	525	280	245	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	7,190	3,445	3,745	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	4,745	1,280	3,465	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,230	1,030	195	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,190	1,110	85	0	0	0
Other	135	20	115	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	130	20	110	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	108,740	53,465	55,275	250	125	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	32,035	16,815	15,225	90	65	20
Education	5,825	1,255	4,575	15	0	20
13. Education	5,830	1,250	4,575	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,250	955	1,295	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	425	315	110	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,830	640	1,185	0	0	0
Humanities	3,840	1,665	2,170	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	430	100	335	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	165	50	115	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,720	765	955	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	180	120	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	305	195	105	0	0	0
54. History	420	270	150	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	610	170	440	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,925	2,055	4,870	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	155	50	110	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	770	270	500	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,550	110	1,435	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,125	405	715	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	185	25	160	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,665	400	1,265	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,475	795	680	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	16,430	5,355	11,080	35	0	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	15	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,220	245	975	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15,180	5,090	10,095	35	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,550	1,480	1,075	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,380	670	710	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	180	110	75	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	160	120	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	670	495	175	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	160	85	75	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,680	1,860	820	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,325	1,690	640	0	0	0
25. Library science	105	30	75	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	210	125	90	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	16,860	15,550	1,315	45	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	255	135	120	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,985	2,520	465	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,670	3,255	410	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,640	3,575	70	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,635	3,545	85	10	10	0
48. Precision production	2,680	2,510	160	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,975	1,190	785	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,055	565	495	0	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	915	620	290	10	10	0
Health and related fields	11,550	2,545	9,010	15	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	750	445	305	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	10,360	1,890	8,470	20	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	440	205	235	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,725	2,740	2,985	0	0	0
12. Personal and culinary services	3,725	985	2,745	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	985	815	165	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,005	930	75	0	0	0
Other	105	20	80	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	105	20	85	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	171,590	83,775	87,815	350	180	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	67,250	33,110	34,145	165	100	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	104,335	50,665	53,670	185	75	115
Location of study inside Canada	98,785	47,585	51,200	185	75	110
Same as province or territory of residence	96,875	46,585	50,295	170	70	100
Different than province or territory of residence	1,910	1,005	900	15	0	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,550	3,075	2,470	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	680	470	210	0	0	0
Philippines	30	0	30	0	0	0
India	40	20	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	130	95	35	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	90	40	50	0	0	0
France	1,665	945	715	0	0	0
Other	2,920	1,505	1,410	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	108,745	53,470	55,275	250	125	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,035	16,810	15,220	85	65	20
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	76,710	36,655	40,055	160	60	100
Location of study inside Canada	72,345	34,375	37,960	160	60	100
Same as province or territory of residence	71,055	33,750	37,300	150	55	85
Different than province or territory of residence	1,285	625	660	15	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,365	2,275	2,090	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	435	275	165	0	0	0
Philippines	25	0	25	0	0	0
India	30	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	80	55	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	75	30	45	0	0	0
France	1,240	675	560	0	0	0
Other	2,485	1,230	1,260	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	171,590	83,775	87,815	350	175	175
In the labour force	107,600	55,125	52,475	210	115	95
Employed	100,425	51,120	49,310	195	105	90
Unemployed	7,175	4,010	3,165	15	10	0
Not in the labour force	63,985	28,645	35,340	140	60	75
Participation rate	62.7	65.8	59.8	60.0	65.7	54.3
Employment rate	58.5	61.0	56.2	55.7	60.0	51.4
Unemployment rate	6.7	7.3	6.0	7.1	8.7	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	171,590	83,775	87,810	350	175	175
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	58,960	25,970	32,985	115	55	60
Worked	112,630	57,805	54,825	235	125	110
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	50,810	27,595	23,215	110	60	50
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	61,820	30,210	31,605	120	65	60
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.2	42.5	40.7	42.1	39.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	107,600	55,125	52,470	210	115	95
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,465	1,260	1,205	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	105,130	53,865	51,265	205	110	95
Employee	92,835	46,815	46,020	190	100	90
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	12,295	7,050	5,245	20	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	107,600	55,125	52,475	210	115	95
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,465	1,260	1,210	0	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	105,135	53,870	51,265	210	110	95
0 Management occupations	9,225	5,855	3,370	10	10	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	14,690	4,400	10,290	30	0	30
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	6,685	5,385	1,305	0	10	0
3 Health occupations	9,860	2,115	7,740	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	14,950	4,740	10,205	35	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,785	1,370	1,420	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	25,325	11,140	14,185	50	25	15
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,800	13,125	680	45	45	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,485	1,225	260	20	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	6,330	4,520	1,810	0	0	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	107,600	55,125	52,475	210	115	95
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,465	1,255	1,205	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	105,135	53,870	51,265	205	110	95
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,605	1,120	485	30	25	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	160	150	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	340	275	65	0	0	0
23 Construction	6,225	5,510	720	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	14,385	10,850	3,535	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	2,620	1,840	785	10	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	13,360	6,215	7,145	15	10	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,725	2,155	575	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,590	1,000	590	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,645	905	1,735	0	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,290	740	545	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	6,180	3,395	2,785	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	25	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,235	2,620	1,610	10	10	0
61 Educational services	11,200	4,065	7,130	20	0	20
62 Health care and social assistance	16,880	3,530	13,350	30	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,820	1,085	730	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	7,620	3,150	4,470	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	5,140	2,420	2,725	10	10	0
91 Public administration	5,065	2,820	2,250	20	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	100,425	51,115	49,305	195	105	95
Worked at home	6,660	3,335	3,320	20	0	10
Worked outside Canada	305	200	100	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,890	5,930	1,955	45	30	10
Worked at usual place	85,575	41,650	43,930	135	70	65
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	85,575	41,645	43,930	135	65	65
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	60,585	28,085	32,500	20	15	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,555	1,270	1,285	100	40	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	22,280	12,195	10,085	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	160	95	60	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	93,465	47,580	45,885	180	100	80
Car, truck, van - as a driver	79,160	41,035	38,125	155	85	70
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,685	1,460	2,220	0	0	0
Public transit	3,920	1,615	2,305	0	0	0
Walked	5,210	2,470	2,740	20	15	10
Bicycle	670	560	110	0	0	0
Other method	815	430	385	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	93,465	47,575	45,885	180	95	80
Less than 15 minutes	35,455	17,265	18,190	50	35	15
15 to 29 minutes	40,695	20,195	20,500	95	35	60
30 to 44 minutes	11,830	6,610	5,225	30	25	0
45 to 59 minutes	2,700	1,570	1,135	0	10	0
60 minutes and over	2,780	1,940	835	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	93,465	47,580	45,885	180	100	80
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,515	2,505	1,010	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	14,935	10,475	4,460	25	20	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	33,235	15,845	17,390	60	30	30
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20,050	8,075	11,975	65	30	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,290	3,010	4,275	15	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	14,435	7,660	6,780	10	10	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	115,875	59,230	56,645	235	125	115
Single responses	111,610	56,955	54,655	225	110	115
Official languages	111,375	56,850	54,520	220	110	115
English	5,655	3,070	2,590	0	0	0
French	105,715	53,780	51,930	225	115	110
Non-official languages	240	105	135	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	240	105	135	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	25	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	25	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	65	105	0	0	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	40	60	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	20	60	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	25	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	0	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,265	2,280	1,985	10	10	0
English and French	4,085	2,190	1,890	10	10	0
English and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	90	35	60	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	40	20	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	115,875	59,230	56,645	235	120	110
None	82,605	41,780	40,830	210	115	100
English	28,960	15,170	13,795	20	15	10
French	3,450	1,855	1,590	0	0	0
Non-official language	510	235	275	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	505	230	275	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	280	145	135	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	35	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	203,570	100,320	103,245	445	225	220
Non-movers	173,475	85,520	87,955	400	195	205
Movers	30,095	14,805	15,290	45	30	20
Non-migrants	19,905	9,890	10,010	10	10	0
Migrants	10,195	4,915	5,275	30	15	15
Internal migrants	8,100	3,870	4,230	35	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	7,735	3,665	4,075	30	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	360	205	155	0	0	0
External migrants	2,095	1,050	1,050	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	194,365	95,600	98,765	440	220	220
Non-movers	113,670	55,825	57,840	315	160	155
Movers	80,700	39,775	40,925	125	60	65
Non-migrants	49,715	24,470	25,245	25	15	15
Migrants	30,985	15,305	15,680	100	45	50
Internal migrants	25,630	12,695	12,930	100	45	50
Intraprovincial migrants	24,685	12,220	12,455	95	45	50
Interprovincial migrants	945	475	470	0	0	0
External migrants	5,355	2,610	2,750	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Sherbrooke [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sherbrooke [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Sherbrooke [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sherbrooke [Census metropolitan area], Quebec and Saint-Eugène-de-Guigues, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec