Census Profile, 2016 Census
Drummondville [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Dewdney, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Drummondville Quebec [Census agglomeration]			Dewdney, UNP British Columbia [Designated place]
	Data quality , Drummondville [Census agglomeration], Quebec Map : Drummondville [Census agglomeration], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Dewdney, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	96,118	...	...	550	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	91,222 ^r	...	...	513^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.4	...	...	7.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	44,167	...	...	205	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	42,272	...	...	188	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	94.5	...	...	52.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,016.64	...	...	10.54	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	96,115	47,725	48,390	550	280	265
0 to 14 years	16,270	8,380	7,890	85	45	35
0 to 4 years	5,250	2,655	2,600	30	20	10
5 to 9 years	5,770	3,005	2,765	25	10	15
10 to 14 years	5,245	2,720	2,525	35	25	10
15 to 64 years	61,395	31,060	30,335	375	185	185
15 to 19 years	5,330	2,710	2,625	45	25	20
20 to 24 years	5,340	2,745	2,590	45	25	25
25 to 29 years	5,295	2,755	2,540	35	15	15
30 to 34 years	5,660	2,905	2,750	20	5	10
35 to 39 years	6,835	3,455	3,375	25	15	10
40 to 44 years	5,740	2,935	2,805	25	15	10
45 to 49 years	5,760	2,990	2,770	45	20	20
50 to 54 years	7,055	3,515	3,535	50	30	25
55 to 59 years	7,335	3,550	3,780	50	20	25
60 to 64 years	7,050	3,490	3,560	35	25	15
65 years and over	18,455	8,295	10,160	95	50	45
65 to 69 years	6,400	3,090	3,310	35	20	20
70 to 74 years	4,785	2,275	2,505	15	10	5
75 to 79 years	2,960	1,350	1,615	10	5	10
80 to 84 years	2,100	860	1,240	15	10	10
85 years and over	2,210	720	1,495	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	1,375	505	870	5	5	5
90 to 94 years	635	175	460	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	185	35	150	0	0	5
100 years and over	25	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.9	17.6	16.3	15.5	16.1	13.2
15 to 64 years	63.9	65.1	62.7	68.2	66.1	69.8
65 years and over	19.2	17.4	21.0	17.3	17.9	17.0
85 years and over	2.3	1.5	3.1	1.8	1.8	1.9
Average age of the population	42.1	41.0	43.2	41.5	41.3	41.7
Median age of the population	42.8	41.4	44.3	43.8	43.0	45.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	42,275	...	...	190	...	...
Single-detached house	22,185	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	245	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	19,345	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,050	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	800	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,415	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	12,885	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	195	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	500	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	42,275	...	...	190	...	...
1 person	14,455	...	...	30	...	...
2 persons	15,385	...	...	70	...	...
3 persons	5,385	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	4,715	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	2,325	...	...	25	...	...
Number of persons in private households	92,875	...	...	550	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	3.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	79,850	39,350	40,500	465	235	225
Married or living common law	45,760	22,885	22,875	300	150	150
Married	24,615	12,345	12,270	250	125	125
Living common law	21,145	10,540	10,605	55	25	25
Not married and not living common law	34,095	16,465	17,625	160	85	75
Never married	22,015	12,270	9,740	120	75	50
Separated	975	475	500	5	5	5
Divorced	6,200	2,610	3,595	10	5	10
Widowed	4,895	1,105	3,790	20	10	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	26,655	...	...	170	...	...
2 persons	14,960	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	5,115	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	4,570	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	2,010	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	26,655	...	...	165	...	...
Total couple families	22,300	...	...	150	...	...
Married couples	11,730	...	...	125	...	...
Common-law couples	10,565	...	...	25	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,355	...	...	15	...	...
Female parent	3,135	...	...	10	...	...
Male parent	1,225	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	22,295	...	...	150	...	...
Couples without children	12,340	...	...	75	...	...
Couples with children	9,955	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	3,810	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	4,230	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	1,920	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,355	...	...	20	...	...
1 child	2,615	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	1,305	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	435	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	18,595	9,545	9,050	60	25	30
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	42,275	...	...	190	...	...
One-census-family households	26,240	...	...	140	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,170	...	...	65	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,070	...	...	75	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	210	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	15,825	...	...	35	...	...
One-person households	14,455	...	...	30	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,370	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	94,675	47,050	47,625	550	285	265
English only	105	60	45	525	265	255
French only	68,160	32,390	35,775	0	0	0
English and French	26,150	14,470	11,680	10	10	5
Neither English nor French	255	130	125	15	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	94,675	47,050	47,630	550	285	265
English	1,035	520	515	530	275	255
French	93,020	46,200	46,820	5	0	0
English and French	380	210	175	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	240	120	120	20	10	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,225	620	600	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.3	1.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	94,675	47,045	47,625	550	285	270
Single responses	94,020	46,715	47,310	540	280	260
Official languages	92,000	45,675	46,330	435	215	220
English	995	500	500	430	215	220
French	91,000	45,175	45,830	5	0	0
Non-official languages	2,025	1,040	980	105	60	45
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,020	1,040	980	105	65	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	345	205	135	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	340	195	140	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	335	200	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	25	25	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,200	605	600	95	55	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	145	60	85	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	145	65	80	0	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Russian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	65	40	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	55	40	10	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	5	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	75	45	35
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	80	45	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	905	445	455	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	30	25	5	0	5	0
Portuguese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	810	400	415	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	185	85	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	30	15	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	15	20	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	30	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	35	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Lao	30	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	655	335	315	10	5	5
English and French	410	205	205	5	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	10	5	5
French and non-official language	210	110	95	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	94,675	47,045	47,630	550	285	265
Single responses	93,680	46,520	47,155	530	275	260
Official languages	92,545	45,965	46,580	470	240	230
English	620	315	305	470	240	230
French	91,930	45,655	46,275	5	0	0
Non-official languages	1,135	560	575	65	35	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,135	560	575	60	35	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	100	75	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	175	100	75	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	175	100	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	690	325	365	55	30	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	40	50	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	15	0	0	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	55	35	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	55	35	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	555	265	295	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	530	250	280	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages	75	35	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	30	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,000	520	470	20	5	5
English and French	380	205	175	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	15	10	10
French and non-official language	535	275	260	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	35	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	94,675	47,050	47,630	550	280	270
None	89,950	44,580	45,370	495	245	250
English	3,235	1,745	1,490	30	20	10
French	855	415	440	0	5	0
Non-official language	510	260	255	25	20	10
Aboriginal	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	505	250	255	25	15	5
English and French	35	15	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	35	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	76,620	38,080	38,545	465	235	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,660	37,195	37,465	440	225	220
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,700	35,850	25,906	27,136	40,576	23,488
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,680	37,200	37,480	440	225	220
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,793	31,464	24,145	25,536	35,584	21,952
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,195	33,385	31,810	385	200	185
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,584	33,727	22,424	27,552	38,784	20,928
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,510	28,060	31,450	300	135	165
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,054	7,094	8,808	5,616	5,040	5,856
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	53,150	28,095	25,060	330	175	155
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,532	34,994	24,438	26,176	37,440	17,216
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	76,635	38,085	38,545	455	230	220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,705	37,190	37,515	430	215	210
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,489	45,190	31,846	46,457	57,044	35,718
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,730	37,195	37,535	435	215	215
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,356	37,030	27,725	40,455	48,129	32,672
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,200	33,455	31,745	380	200	180
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,911	43,273	28,151	48,461	57,643	38,076
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,495	27,995	31,500	290	135	155
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,976	8,318	9,561	5,549	5,597	5,508
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,150	28,090	25,065	360	195	160
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,914	39,758	29,485	45,555	52,536	36,916
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	76,635	38,085	38,545	450	230	220
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	24,070	13,685	10,380	175	105	70
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,122	44,674	37,351	43,150	54,588	29,013
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	47,532	51,982	41,667	56,333	67,837	39,638
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.8	85.5	74.5	87.8	92.0	83.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.4	69.9	61.6	72.1	75.5	64.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.2	14.5	25.5	12.9	9.8	18.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	76,620	38,075	38,545	465	235	225
Without total income	1,955	880	1,075	25	15	10
With total income	74,665	37,200	37,470	440	225	215
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.7	97.2	94.6	95.7	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,600	3,625	4,975	85	35	45
$10,000 to $19,999	15,220	5,975	9,245	90	40	55
$20,000 to $29,999	12,735	5,725	7,010	60	20	40
$30,000 to $39,999	11,285	5,735	5,550	35	15	20
$40,000 to $49,999	9,805	5,295	4,510	45	20	20
$50,000 to $59,999	6,180	3,725	2,450	30	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	3,740	2,395	1,345	25	20	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,635	1,550	1,080	20	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,485	990	500	15	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	870	595	275	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	2,110	1,580	530	30	25	5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,450	1,065	380	20	15	5
$150,000 and over	660	510	150	10	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	76,620	38,080	38,540	465	235	225
Without after-tax income	1,940	875	1,065	20	10	10
With after-tax income	74,680	37,200	37,480	440	225	215
Percentage with after-tax income	97.5	97.7	97.2	94.6	95.7	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,895	3,695	5,195	85	35	50
$10,000 to $19,999	16,050	6,360	9,690	100	40	55
$20,000 to $29,999	15,785	7,410	8,375	60	25	40
$30,000 to $39,999	14,355	7,740	6,620	50	25	30
$40,000 to $49,999	9,300	5,445	3,850	45	25	20
$50,000 to $59,999	4,835	2,925	1,905	30	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,550	1,540	1,005	25	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,155	790	365	15	10	0
$80,000 and over	1,765	1,295	475	25	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	570	415	160	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	350	250	95	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	845	630	215	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	76,620	38,075	38,545	465	235	225
Without employment income	23,470	9,985	13,485	135	65	70
With employment income	53,155	28,095	25,060	335	175	155
Percentage with employment income	69.4	73.8	65.0	72.0	74.5	68.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,585	3,240	3,350	60	25	35
$5,000 to $9,999	4,315	1,855	2,460	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	8,305	3,510	4,800	55	20	35
$20,000 to $29,999	7,745	3,490	4,255	45	20	25
$30,000 to $39,999	7,935	4,140	3,800	30	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	6,365	3,790	2,580	25	10	10
$50,000 to $59,999	4,095	2,765	1,330	30	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,625	1,725	900	10	10	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,055	1,245	805	20	10	10
$80,000 and over	3,120	2,340	785	35	30	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,045	740	305	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	630	470	160	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,445	1,130	315	20	15	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	42,270	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,468	...	...	76,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,666	...	...	70,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	14,455	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,038	...	...	25,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,122	...	...	24,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	27,815	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,278	...	...	92,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,480	...	...	79,616	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	42,270	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,020	...	...	105,267	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,202	...	...	91,668	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,435	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,853	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,434	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	27,845	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,248	...	...	112,598	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,112	...	...	97,612	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	42,270	...	...	190	...	...
Under $5,000	310	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	795	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,820	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,590	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,560	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,020	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,720	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,640	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,420	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,245	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,940	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,370	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,965	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,380	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,075	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,420	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,485	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,765	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,375	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	800	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,275	...	...	185	...	...
Under $5,000	340	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	810	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,845	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,725	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,905	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,510	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,330	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,145	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,660	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,525	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,430	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,800	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,965	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,325	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,750	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,205	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,385	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	940	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	885	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	26,790	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,675	...	...	92,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,760	...	...	79,616	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,985	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,212	...	...	84,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,939	...	...	70,912	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,995	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,664	...	...	104,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,597	...	...	91,904	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,275	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,013	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,404	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	26,745	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,103	...	...	110,557	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,683	...	...	96,211	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,915	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,169	...	...	121,577	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,667	...	...	110,793	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,085	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,350	...	...	121,875	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,811	...	...	102,058	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,175	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,705	...	...	71,160	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,159	...	...	61,509	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,210	8,940	8,275	35	20	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,693	29,380	23,057	32,576	29,888	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,176	26,577	22,272	28,864	27,840	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	17,220	9,050	8,170	25	15	0
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,685	33,594	29,570	0	0	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,526	28,751	26,168	0	0	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	92,870	46,445	46,430	550	285	265
In the bottom half of the distribution	61,170	30,100	31,070	295	155	145
In the bottom decile	9,140	4,485	4,655	55	30	25
In the second decile	12,155	5,500	6,655	45	25	20
In the third decile	13,805	6,790	7,015	50	30	25
In the fourth decile	13,860	7,020	6,835	95	45	50
In the fifth decile	12,210	6,305	5,910	50	25	25
In the top half of the distribution	31,705	16,340	15,360	255	130	125
In the sixth decile	10,495	5,450	5,045	45	20	25
In the seventh decile	8,505	4,375	4,135	50	20	25
In the eighth decile	5,975	3,070	2,910	60	35	25
In the ninth decile	3,930	2,040	1,890	60	30	30
In the top decile	2,800	1,410	1,385	40	20	15
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	92,870	46,445	46,430	550	285	265
0 to 17 years	19,400	9,945	9,465	110	65	50
0 to 5 years	6,335	3,225	3,115	30	15	10
18 to 64 years	57,650	29,015	28,635	350	170	175
65 years and over	15,815	7,485	8,330	90	50	45
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,970	6,950	8,025	70	35	35
0 to 17 years	2,875	1,490	1,385	15	10	0
0 to 5 years	910	485	430	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	8,520	4,080	4,440	45	20	25
65 years and over	3,585	1,380	2,200	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.1	15.0	17.3	12.7	12.3	13.2
0 to 17 years (%)	14.8	15.0	14.6	13.6	15.4	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.4	15.0	13.8	16.7	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	14.1	15.5	12.9	11.8	14.3
65 years and over (%)	22.7	18.4	26.4	11.1	10.0	11.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,855	3,460	3,390	15	10	10
0 to 17 years	1,225	660	565	5	0	0
0 to 5 years	415	230	185	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,240	2,650	2,590	15	5	5
65 years and over	385	145	235	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	7.4	7.3	2.7	3.5	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	6.3	6.6	6.0	4.5	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	6.6	7.1	5.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	9.1	9.1	9.0	4.3	2.9	2.9
65 years and over (%)	2.4	1.9	2.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	92,870	46,445	46,425	560	285	270
Official languages	92,575	46,320	46,255	545	280	265
English	26,065	14,460	11,600	545	280	265
French	92,455	46,270	46,185	0	0	0
Non-official languages	4,320	2,060	2,260	120	65	60
Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	10	10	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,305	2,050	2,250	120	65	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	405	255	155	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	245	160	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	395	240	155	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	30	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	20	45	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	40	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	60	35	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,210	1,460	1,750	120	60	60
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	245	120	125	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	245	120	125	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	35	10	0	0	0
Russian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Serbian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	265	145	120	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	30	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	140	100	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	10	75	40	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	75	40	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,770	1,215	1,560	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	155	75	75	0	0	0
Portuguese	60	45	25	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Spanish	2,630	1,130	1,500	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	205	100	100	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	30	20	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	45	20	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	40	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	55	30	30	0	0	0
Sign languages	65	40	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	35	15	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	165	85	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	165	90	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	160	85	75	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	30	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	92,875	46,445	46,430	560	285	275
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	91,590	45,830	45,760	560	285	270
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,080	9,810	9,265	135	70	65
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	72,520	36,020	36,495	420	215	215
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,280	610	665	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	92,875	46,445	46,425	555	285	275
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	89,985	45,015	44,970	485	250	240
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,765	1,355	1,410	70	35	35
Before 1981	400	240	160	15	0	15
1981 to 1990	250	120	130	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	435	185	250	35	15	15
2001 to 2010	1,005	485	525	10	10	0
2001 to 2005	470	225	240	0	10	0
2006 to 2010	535	255	275	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	675	325	345	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	120	75	50	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,765	1,360	1,410	70	35	35
Under 5 years	415	190	220	10	0	0
5 to 14 years	575	320	260	15	10	10
15 to 24 years	450	205	240	20	10	10
25 to 44 years	1,080	510	565	15	10	0
45 years and over	250	130	125	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,765	1,355	1,410	70	35	35
Americas	920	450	470	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	510	240	270	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	75	50	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peru	15	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	145	70	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	140	60	80	0	0	0
Europe	770	400	370	25	10	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	90	45	45	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	335	160	170	0	0	0
Germany	40	15	25	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	20	20	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	15	10	10	0	0	10
Poland	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portugal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	10	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	190	115	80	0	0	0
Africa	575	310	265	0	0	0
Algeria	45	25	15	0	0	0
Egypt	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	85	45	40	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	420	220	200	0	0	0
Asia	495	195	300	45	25	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	175	60	110	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	70	20	45	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	100	40	55	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	675	330	350	0	0	0
Americas	110	50	60	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	45	10	35	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	30	25	10	0	0	0
Europe	65	30	35	0	0	0
France	60	25	25	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	315	160	165	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	50	30	20	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	205	95	110	0	0	0
Asia	175	85	90	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	10	25	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	35	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	92,875	46,445	46,425	560	285	275
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,980	1,460	1,525	75	40	35
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,810	1,515	1,290	130	70	60
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	87,085	43,475	43,605	355	175	180
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,385	1,130	1,255	50	30	20
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	715	380	335	10	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	360	240	115	10	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	360	135	220	10	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	620	250	365	40	25	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,050	495	555	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	92,875	46,445	46,425	560	285	275
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,080	580	500	45	10	35
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,015	560	460	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	505	275	230	10	0	10
Métis	475	260	220	30	10	20
Inuk (Inuit)	35	30	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	15	30	0	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	91,795	45,865	45,930	510	275	240
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	92,875	46,445	46,425	560	285	275
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	275	145	130	0	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	92,595	46,295	46,300	550	285	270
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	92,870	46,445	46,430	560	285	275
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	830	435	400	20	0	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	810	425	390	20	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	700	345	345	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	105	65	40	20	0	15
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,680	1,270	1,405	40	20	20
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,635	1,250	1,385	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,470	1,165	1,305	20	10	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	75	75	15	10	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	45	20	25	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	89,365	44,745	44,625	500	265	240
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	92,875	46,450	46,425	560	285	275
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,350	1,165	1,190	80	45	35
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	20	10	10	50	35	20
Chinese	230	80	155	0	0	0
Black	675	370	310	0	0	0
Filipino	15	0	15	0	0	0
Latin American	700	335	370	0	0	0
Arab	415	255	160	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	170	65	105	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	10	20	20	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	90,520	45,285	45,235	480	235	240
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	92,875	46,445	46,425	555	285	275
North American Aboriginal origins	3,505	1,700	1,805	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,225	1,545	1,685	25	10	10
Inuit	45	35	10	0	0	0
Métis	300	160	145	35	10	25
Other North American origins	74,440	37,085	37,355	170	85	90
Acadian	385	185	200	0	0	0
American	520	225	295	15	10	10
Canadian	71,880	35,835	36,045	160	80	80
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	2,550	1,235	1,320	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	27,895	14,075	13,820	455	225	230
British Isles origins	5,910	2,735	3,175	240	125	110
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,270	600	665	140	55	85
Irish	4,080	1,870	2,205	90	45	45
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,160	510	650	115	65	45
Welsh	30	0	35	15	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	50	35	15	25	20	0
French origins	22,380	11,320	11,055	75	30	45
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	125	65	65	0	0	0
Corsican	20	15	0	0	0	0
French	22,245	11,245	11,005	75	30	50
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,850	965	885	245	120	125
Austrian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	460	245	215	0	0	0
Dutch	115	60	55	130	60	70
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,040	540	495	140	75	65
Luxembourger	15	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	325	165	160	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	120	45	75	35	20	20
Danish	25	10	10	10	10	0
Finnish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	25	0	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	15	0	10	0	15
Swedish	20	0	20	20	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	370	180	185	95	55	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	15	15	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	125	75	50	35	15	15
Romanian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Russian	55	30	30	30	20	10
Slovak	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	45	50	30	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,435	790	650	15	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	55	50	0	0	0
Italian	810	480	335	15	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	120	70	60	0	0	0
Serbian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	265	125	140	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	15	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	105	70	35	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	50	35	15	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	315	190	125	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	50	10	40	0	0	0
Dominican	55	35	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	215	145	70	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	940	495	450	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	20	10	0	0	0
Colombian	655	345	310	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	30	20	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	40	45	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	40	15	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	845	450	390	0	10	0
Central and West African origins	210	130	85	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	90	50	35	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	20	0	15	0	0	0
Senegalese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	25	10	0	0	0
North African origins	335	200	135	0	0	0
Algerian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Berber	40	25	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Libyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	120	70	50	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	35	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	145	70	80	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burundian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	170	70	100	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	160	70	95	10	10	0
Asian origins	920	415	505	65	45	30
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	400	230	175	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	115	70	40	0	0	0
Armenian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	60	35	25	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	85	55	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turk	50	35	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	25	10	15	65	40	25
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	25	10	10	65	40	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	490	180	315	10	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	110	45	65	0	0	0
Chinese	235	75	160	0	0	0
Filipino	15	10	10	10	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	15	0	0	0
Laotian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	15	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	25	10	10	0	0	0
Australian	20	10	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	42,275	...	...	190	...	...
Owner	25,285	...	...	120	...	...
Renter	16,985	...	...	70	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	42,275	...	...	195	...	...
Condominium	2,375	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	39,895	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	42,270	...	...	190	...	...
No bedrooms	210	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,815	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	12,330	...	...	30	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,435	...	...	60	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,485	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	42,270	...	...	190	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,915	...	...	20	...	...
5 rooms	9,275	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	5,155	...	...	35	...	...
7 rooms	5,305	...	...	35	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,620	...	...	65	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	7.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	42,270	...	...	190	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,120	...	...	180	...	...
More than 1 person per room	155	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	42,270	...	...	190	...	...
Suitable	41,525	...	...	180	...	...
Not suitable	750	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	42,270	...	...	195	...	...
1960 or before	8,460	...	...	70	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,195	...	...	65	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,955	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,955	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,100	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,595	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,010	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	42,275	...	...	190	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40,325	...	...	160	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,945	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	42,275	...	...	190	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,825	...	...	110	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,140	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	300	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	42,275	...	...	195	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,760	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,980	...	...	25	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,390	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,665	...	...	60	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,825	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	7,200	...	...	20	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,650	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	810	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,945	...	...	160	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,295	...	...	115	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,655	...	...	45	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,085	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,050	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.6	...	...	83.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.7	...	...	16.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	863	...	...	1,382	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	903	...	...	1,610	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	185,155	...	...	500,234	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	207,882	...	...	534,745	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,945	...	...	70	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.6	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	31.0	...	...	33.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	603	...	...	1,125	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	625	...	...	1,124	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	76,630	38,085	38,545	455	230	220
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,350	9,595	8,755	100	60	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,395	7,990	9,405	205	115	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,885	20,500	20,385	145	60	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	16,680	10,565	6,120	45	30	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	12,190	7,000	5,195	15	0	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,495	3,565	925	30	25	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,655	5,500	8,155	75	20	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,095	790	1,300	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,450	3,645	4,810	25	15	10
Bachelor's degree	6,185	2,595	3,595	15	0	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	650	245	405	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	295	185	105	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,170	545	620	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	150	75	75	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	50,240	24,950	25,285	315	145	170
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,445	4,770	3,675	55	20	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,205	4,670	5,535	140	70	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,585	15,510	16,080	120	55	65
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,115	8,030	5,085	30	20	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	9,755	5,445	4,315	10	0	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,360	2,590	770	20	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,265	4,095	6,165	65	20	40
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,285	505	785	0	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,925	2,885	4,040	25	10	15
Bachelor's degree	5,130	2,150	2,980	15	0	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	475	140	330	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	245	145	100	0	0	0
Master's degree	960	405	555	0	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	120	45	75	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	76,630	38,090	38,545	455	230	220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	35,745	17,585	18,160	305	170	135
Education	3,280	745	2,535	10	0	0
13. Education	3,280	745	2,535	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,155	550	605	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	230	180	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	925	370	555	0	0	10
Humanities	1,780	810	970	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	155	40	115	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	50	15	30	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,050	480	570	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	45	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	95	50	0	0	0
54. History	90	65	30	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	220	80	145	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,755	585	2,170	20	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	245	75	165	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,120	100	1,025	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	395	100	295	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	120	15	100	0	0	0
42. Psychology	475	80	400	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	380	215	165	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	8,735	2,660	6,080	30	0	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	345	60	290	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,390	2,595	5,795	25	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	705	400	305	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	80	140	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	80	40	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	125	60	70	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	210	165	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	15	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	990	670	315	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	865	630	235	0	0	0
25. Library science	85	25	60	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	10	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,300	10,635	660	40	35	0
04. Architecture and related services	145	100	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	885	805	80	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,145	1,885	265	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,705	2,625	85	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,610	2,565	45	15	10	0
48. Precision production	2,805	2,655	145	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,165	730	440	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	960	560	395	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	205	165	40	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,195	980	4,220	20	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	275	165	115	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,860	775	4,080	20	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	35	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,800	1,725	2,075	15	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,305	440	1,865	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	555	435	120	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	925	835	90	10	10	0
Other	20	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	50,240	24,950	25,290	315	145	165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,650	9,440	9,210	195	95	100
Education	2,195	500	1,690	0	0	0
13. Education	2,190	500	1,690	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	880	435	445	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	180	155	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	695	280	415	10	0	10
Humanities	1,140	540	600	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	110	15	95	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	645	330	315	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	30	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	55	45	0	0	0
54. History	75	50	30	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	140	50	85	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,250	435	1,810	20	10	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	195	45	145	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	980	70	910	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	320	85	235	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	10	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	380	65	315	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	270	155	115	15	0	10
Business, management and public administration	7,065	1,970	5,090	15	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	285	35	245	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,775	1,930	4,845	15	0	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	465	240	220	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	180	60	120	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	50	35	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	15	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	155	115	45	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	860	585	275	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	775	560	215	0	0	0
25. Library science	60	20	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	10	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,655	8,070	590	30	30	10
04. Architecture and related services	125	90	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	745	675	70	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,760	1,505	250	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,910	1,850	60	0	0	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,005	1,960	45	10	10	0
48. Precision production	2,115	1,985	125	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	975	600	375	0	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	805	470	335	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	130	45	10	0	0
Health and related fields	4,025	770	3,260	20	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	235	145	90	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,750	595	3,150	20	10	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	25	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,060	1,350	1,710	15	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,785	270	1,515	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	470	355	115	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	795	715	80	10	10	0
Other	20	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	10	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	76,635	38,090	38,545	450	230	220
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,745	17,585	18,160	305	170	135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,885	20,505	20,385	145	60	85
Location of study inside Canada	40,185	20,105	20,075	130	50	75
Same as province or territory of residence	39,760	19,875	19,885	115	40	70
Different than province or territory of residence	425	235	190	20	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	700	395	310	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	95	65	35	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	55	30	20	0	0	0
France	190	115	75	0	0	0
Other	360	180	180	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	50,240	24,955	25,290	315	145	165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,655	9,440	9,210	195	90	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,590	15,510	16,080	120	55	65
Location of study inside Canada	31,010	15,210	15,800	105	45	60
Same as province or territory of residence	30,710	15,050	15,660	85	30	50
Different than province or territory of residence	300	160	145	20	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	575	300	280	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	45	30	20	0	0	0
France	155	90	60	0	0	0
Other	320	155	170	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	76,630	38,085	38,540	450	230	220
In the labour force	49,175	26,035	23,140	305	170	135
Employed	45,780	24,045	21,735	295	160	135
Unemployed	3,390	1,990	1,405	10	10	0
Not in the labour force	27,460	12,050	15,405	150	65	80
Participation rate	64.2	68.4	60.0	67.8	73.9	61.4
Employment rate	59.7	63.1	56.4	65.6	69.6	61.4
Unemployment rate	6.9	7.6	6.1	3.3	5.9	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	76,630	38,085	38,545	450	230	220
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,795	11,150	14,640	105	40	65
Worked	50,840	26,935	23,900	345	190	155
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	24,395	13,915	10,485	175	100	75
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	26,445	13,020	13,420	165	90	80
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.1	42.8	42.2	41.3	43.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	49,175	26,040	23,140	305	165	140
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,120	525	595	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	48,050	25,510	22,540	305	165	135
Employee	42,875	22,435	20,445	220	115	105
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,175	3,080	2,100	85	50	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	49,180	26,035	23,140	305	165	140
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,120	525	600	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	48,055	25,510	22,540	300	165	135
0 Management occupations	4,315	2,815	1,505	60	55	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,275	1,830	4,450	30	10	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,315	1,800	515	20	15	10
3 Health occupations	3,130	505	2,620	20	0	15
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,185	1,265	3,920	25	15	10
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	985	465	515	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	11,195	4,460	6,740	45	10	30
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,035	8,460	580	55	55	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,025	705	325	30	15	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,595	3,220	1,375	0	0	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	49,175	26,035	23,140	305	165	140
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,125	525	595	10	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	48,050	25,515	22,540	300	165	135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,490	975	515	105	70	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	110	75	30	0	0	0
22 Utilities	180	150	35	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,280	2,910	370	35	30	10
31-33 Manufacturing	10,090	7,310	2,775	15	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	2,375	1,620	750	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	6,255	2,750	3,510	20	10	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,250	1,760	490	25	20	0
51 Information and cultural industries	405	265	135	0	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,200	375	820	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	400	240	165	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,035	1,090	945	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,400	835	565	10	10	0
61 Educational services	3,105	790	2,315	15	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	5,520	825	4,695	10	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	655	370	280	10	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,420	1,105	2,315	20	0	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,215	1,160	1,050	15	10	10
91 Public administration	1,655	885	775	15	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	45,780	24,045	21,735	295	160	135
Worked at home	2,650	1,325	1,325	60	35	20
Worked outside Canada	50	40	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,385	2,675	710	50	40	15
Worked at usual place	39,700	20,005	19,695	185	80	100
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	39,700	20,005	19,695	185	85	100
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25,905	12,515	13,385	45	20	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,410	4,430	3,980	110	50	60
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,355	3,035	2,320	30	15	10
Commute to a different province or territory	30	20	10	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	43,080	22,680	20,400	235	120	110
Car, truck, van - as a driver	38,595	20,485	18,115	205	105	100
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,510	670	840	15	10	10
Public transit	370	120	255	10	0	0
Walked	1,825	920	910	10	0	0
Bicycle	410	295	110	0	0	0
Other method	360	190	175	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	43,080	22,680	20,405	240	120	115
Less than 15 minutes	21,610	11,020	10,590	80	40	40
15 to 29 minutes	14,550	7,515	7,035	60	30	35
30 to 44 minutes	3,415	1,865	1,550	35	20	15
45 to 59 minutes	1,740	1,020	725	20	15	10
60 minutes and over	1,765	1,260	500	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	43,080	22,680	20,405	235	125	115
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,385	1,875	515	25	25	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,265	5,655	2,610	55	35	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,845	7,455	7,390	45	25	20
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,365	2,540	4,825	50	15	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,270	1,075	2,190	15	10	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,945	4,075	2,870	50	20	30
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	52,050	27,560	24,490	345	190	155
Single responses	51,100	26,965	24,135	340	185	155
Official languages	51,060	26,960	24,100	330	180	150
English	720	450	270	325	180	145
French	50,335	26,510	23,825	0	0	0
Non-official languages	40	10	40	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	0	35	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	0	25	15	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	950	595	360	0	0	0
English and French	880	555	320	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	40	20	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	20	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	52,050	27,560	24,495	345	190	155
None	44,740	23,255	21,480	315	175	145
English	6,570	3,885	2,685	10	10	10
French	550	325	225	0	0	0
Non-official language	140	70	65	10	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	135	70	65	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	20	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	0	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	91,845	46,010	45,835	550	280	275
Non-movers	79,440	39,835	39,595	500	250	255
Movers	12,410	6,170	6,240	50	30	20
Non-migrants	7,935	3,940	3,995	10	10	10
Migrants	4,475	2,230	2,245	40	25	15
Internal migrants	4,205	2,100	2,105	40	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	4,145	2,075	2,070	40	20	15
Interprovincial migrants	60	30	30	0	0	0
External migrants	265	125	140	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	87,570	43,820	43,750	520	260	255
Non-movers	54,475	27,375	27,105	365	180	185
Movers	33,095	16,445	16,650	155	80	70
Non-migrants	20,525	10,220	10,305	55	40	15
Migrants	12,575	6,235	6,345	100	45	55
Internal migrants	11,965	5,990	5,970	100	45	55
Intraprovincial migrants	11,735	5,855	5,880	85	35	50
Interprovincial migrants	230	135	95	15	10	10
External migrants	610	240	370	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Drummondville [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Dewdney, UNP [Designated place], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Drummondville [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Dewdney, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Drummondville [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Dewdney, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Drummondville [Census agglomeration], Quebec and Dewdney, Unincorporated place [Designated place], British Columbia