Census Profile, 2016 Census
Duck Bay, Northern community [Designated place], Manitoba and Louis-Hébert [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Duck Bay, NCM Manitoba [Designated place]			Louis-Hébert Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Duck Bay, Northern community [Designated place], Manitoba Map : Duck Bay, Northern community [Designated place], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Louis-Hébert [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	349 ^E	...	...	103,346	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	408 ^r	...	...	104,038	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-14.5 ^E	...	...	-0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	124	...	...	52,770	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	101	...	...	48,294	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	32.6	...	...	1,090.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	10.69	...	...	94.78	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	350	165	180	103,345	49,425	53,920
0 to 14 years	105	60	50	13,025	6,640	6,385
0 to 4 years	45	25	20	4,230	2,220	2,010
5 to 9 years	40	20	20	4,525	2,270	2,265
10 to 14 years	25	15	10	4,265	2,155	2,115
15 to 64 years	215	90	120	65,965	32,580	33,385
15 to 19 years	30	15	15	5,205	2,590	2,615
20 to 24 years	35	10	25	9,950	4,785	5,165
25 to 29 years	15	5	10	7,375	3,940	3,435
30 to 34 years	10	5	10	5,415	2,895	2,525
35 to 39 years	15	5	10	5,595	2,905	2,690
40 to 44 years	20	5	15	4,875	2,470	2,405
45 to 49 years	15	10	10	5,120	2,475	2,645
50 to 54 years	20	10	15	6,715	3,220	3,495
55 to 59 years	20	5	10	7,940	3,740	4,200
60 to 64 years	20	10	10	7,770	3,565	4,205
65 years and over	25	15	10	24,360	10,210	14,145
65 to 69 years	10	5	5	7,210	3,240	3,970
70 to 74 years	5	5	0	6,015	2,660	3,355
75 to 79 years	5	10	0	4,335	1,780	2,555
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	3,290	1,355	1,930
85 years and over	0	0	0	3,510	1,170	2,340
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	2,215	805	1,405
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	1,020	305	710
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	255	55	200
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	0	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	30.0	36.4	27.8	12.6	13.4	11.8
15 to 64 years	61.4	54.5	66.7	63.8	65.9	61.9
65 years and over	7.1	9.1	5.6	23.6	20.7	26.2
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.4	2.4	4.3
Average age of the population	30.7	30.2	31.1	44.4	42.7	46.0
Median age of the population	24.7	22.2	26.5	45.2	41.9	48.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	100	...	...	48,290	...	...
Single-detached house	100	...	...	17,175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	6,275	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	24,515	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	2,750	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,555	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	1,550	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	18,560	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	100	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	105	...	...	48,295	...	...
1 person	20	...	...	18,175	...	...
2 persons	30	...	...	17,860	...	...
3 persons	5	...	...	5,510	...	...
4 persons	10	...	...	4,710	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	2,040	...	...
Number of persons in private households	350	...	...	100,115	...	...
Average household size	3.5	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	240	110	135	90,325	42,790	47,535
Married or living common law	65	35	30	48,960	24,520	24,445
Married	40	20	20	29,825	14,905	14,920
Living common law	25	10	10	19,140	9,610	9,525
Not married and not living common law	180	75	100	41,360	18,265	23,090
Never married	140	60	80	28,870	14,645	14,220
Separated	15	5	5	1,155	495	655
Divorced	10	5	5	6,150	2,070	4,080
Widowed	15	5	5	5,190	1,055	4,135
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	90	...	...	27,495	...	...
2 persons	40	...	...	16,375	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	4,790	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	4,525	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	1,805	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	90	...	...	27,495	...	...
Total couple families	30	...	...	23,870	...	...
Married couples	15	...	...	14,300	...	...
Common-law couples	10	...	...	9,570	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	60	...	...	3,630	...	...
Female parent	45	...	...	2,665	...	...
Male parent	15	...	...	965	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	23,865	...	...
Couples without children	10	...	...	14,000	...	...
Couples with children	20	...	...	9,865	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	3,780	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	4,320	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	1,765	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	3,630	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	2,375	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	1,015	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	55	30	30	25,395	11,360	14,040
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	100	...	...	48,295	...	...
One-census-family households	60	...	...	27,230	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5	...	...	13,880	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	55	...	...	13,350	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	130	...	...
Non-census-family households	30	...	...	20,935	...	...
One-person households	20	...	...	18,175	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	2,755	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	350	165	180	101,945	48,915	53,025
English only	345	165	180	455	230	220
French only	0	0	0	46,790	19,595	27,195
English and French	0	0	0	54,275	28,880	25,395
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	425	205	220
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	350	165	185	101,940	48,915	53,025
English	350	165	180	2,620	1,320	1,305
French	0	0	0	96,975	46,365	50,605
English and French	0	0	0	1,960	1,045	910
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	395	185	205
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	3,600	1,840	1,760
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.5	3.8	3.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	350	165	185	101,940	48,915	53,025
Single responses	335	160	175	100,360	48,140	52,225
Official languages	290	140	150	91,950	43,885	48,065
English	290	140	150	2,030	1,015	1,015
French	0	0	0	89,920	42,870	47,050
Non-official languages	45	20	20	8,415	4,255	4,160
Aboriginal languages	40	20	20	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	40	20	20	25	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	8,390	4,240	4,145
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,350	1,295	1,050
Berber languages	0	0	0	235	135	105
Kabyle	0	0	0	120	60	55
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	70	50
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	5	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,095	1,155	935
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,090	1,155	935
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	350	165	185
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	55	25	35
Vietnamese	0	0	0	290	145	145
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	90	30	60
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	60	30	35
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	165	70	90
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	145	65	80
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	4,250	2,060	2,185
Albanian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	800	385	415
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	790	380	415
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	140	75	70
Bulgarian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Croatian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	115	50	60
Russian	0	0	0	230	105	125
Serbian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	90	40	45
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	140	60	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	95	35	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	295	155	140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	80	45	35
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	210	110	105
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	205	105	100
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	2,905	1,410	1,495
Catalan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italian	0	0	0	150	75	75
Portuguese	0	0	0	440	220	220
Romanian	0	0	0	320	155	160
Spanish	0	0	0	1,980	945	1,035
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	55	20	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	555	315	245
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	30	15	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	15	10	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	50	30	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	45	20	30
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	45	25	15
Wolof	0	0	0	125	70	55
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	175	105	70
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	420	205	220
Chinese languages	0	0	0	420	200	220
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	35	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	315	150	170
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	10
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Multiple responses	15	10	5	1,585	780	800
English and French	0	0	0	590	295	295
English and non-official language	15	5	5	50	30	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	870	420	445
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	40	40
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	350	170	180	101,945	48,915	53,025
Single responses	325	160	170	99,370	47,650	51,720
Official languages	300	145	160	95,070	45,535	49,530
English	300	140	155	1,700	845	850
French	0	0	0	93,365	44,690	48,680
Non-official languages	25	15	10	4,300	2,110	2,190
Aboriginal languages	25	15	15	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	25	15	10	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	15	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,110	2,180
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	910	460	445
Berber languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Kabyle	0	0	0	50	20	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	840	430	410
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	840	425	410
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	195	90	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	170	85	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	2,620	1,280	1,345
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	445	220	230
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	440	215	225
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	80	40	45
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	25	20
Russian	0	0	0	145	75	65
Serbian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	220	115	105
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	175	90	90
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	175	85	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,890	915	970
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	345	175	170
Romanian	0	0	0	180	90	85
Spanish	0	0	0	1,330	635	695
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	130	65	60
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	45	30	20
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	315	160	155
Chinese languages	0	0	0	310	155	155
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	260	130	130
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	20	10	10	2,575	1,270	1,305
English and French	0	0	0	575	280	300
English and non-official language	20	10	10	85	45	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	1,755	865	890
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	160	80	80
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	350	170	180	101,945	48,920	53,025
None	320	155	165	89,845	42,655	47,190
English	5	0	5	5,425	2,945	2,480
French	0	0	0	3,095	1,515	1,575
Non-official language	25	10	15	3,025	1,520	1,505
Aboriginal	20	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	3,025	1,520	1,505
English and French	0	0	0	210	105	100
English and non-official language	0	0	0	265	135	125
French and non-official language	0	0	0	65	25	40
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	240	110	130	87,130	41,720	45,405
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	220	100	120	85,140	40,785	44,360
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	17,264	14,944	17,856	39,214	44,810	34,717
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	225	100	125	85,155	40,785	44,365
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	17,232	14,336	17,813	34,053	38,219	30,623
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	125	70	60	80,260	38,855	41,405
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	12,256	8,800	16,544	34,459	40,421	28,776
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	205	90	115	64,960	28,990	35,965
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,496	8,192	10,880	6,568	4,533	7,726
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	115	65	50	60,630	31,030	29,605
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,648	7,984	16,544	31,883	35,519	28,407
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	300	145	155	87,100	41,720	45,380
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	270	125	140	85,185	40,810	44,375
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	19,861	15,665	23,550	52,753	61,959	44,285
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	270	125	145	85,195	40,810	44,385
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	18,694	14,733	22,176	41,811	48,213	35,925
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	140	70	70	80,185	38,930	41,255
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,765	18,305	25,317	49,641	59,591	40,251
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	225	100	130	64,735	28,855	35,880
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,359	7,051	12,891	7,928	7,230	8,489
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	125	70	50	60,595	31,140	29,460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,656	0	28,360	46,745	52,748	40,401
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	300	145	155	87,100	41,715	45,380
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25	0	0	24,995	13,530	11,470
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	0	0	0	56,486	60,287	52,100
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	0	0	0	69,040	75,613	61,287
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	54.0	65.4	51.1	88.4	91.6	84.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	45.8	57.0	39.1	63.0	65.0	60.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	45.8	37.4	49.8	11.6	8.4	15.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	240	110	130	87,130	41,725	45,405
Without total income	15	10	10	1,990	945	1,045
With total income	225	100	125	85,140	40,785	44,355
Percentage with total income	93.8	90.9	96.2	97.7	97.7	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	45	40	9,400	4,250	5,150
$10,000 to $19,999	55	20	35	13,670	5,375	8,295
$20,000 to $29,999	35	10	20	10,600	4,395	6,200
$30,000 to $39,999	25	10	15	9,655	4,290	5,370
$40,000 to $49,999	10	5	10	9,375	4,200	5,180
$50,000 to $59,999	5	0	5	7,905	3,920	3,985
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	5,690	3,010	2,680
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	5	4,780	2,640	2,140
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	3,500	1,960	1,545
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	5	2,170	1,285	880
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	8,390	5,455	2,940
$100,000 to $149,999	0	0	0	5,240	3,240	2,000
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	3,150	2,205	940
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	240	105	135	87,130	41,725	45,405
Without after-tax income	15	10	10	1,975	940	1,040
With after-tax income	225	100	120	85,155	40,785	44,370
Percentage with after-tax income	93.8	95.2	88.9	97.7	97.7	97.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	80	40	35	10,315	4,360	5,960
$10,000 to $19,999	60	25	35	14,025	5,620	8,400
$20,000 to $29,999	35	10	20	12,965	5,535	7,425
$30,000 to $39,999	20	10	10	13,220	5,915	7,305
$40,000 to $49,999	10	0	10	11,025	5,410	5,615
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	5	7,540	4,075	3,465
$60,000 to $69,999	5	0	5	5,470	3,075	2,395
$70,000 to $79,999	0	5	5	3,105	1,860	1,240
$80,000 and over	0	5	0	7,490	4,925	2,565
$80,000 to $89,999	0	5	0	2,120	1,320	800
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,450	925	525
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	3,920	2,685	1,235
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	240	105	135	87,125	41,725	45,405
Without employment income	120	45	80	26,495	10,695	15,800
With employment income	115	65	55	60,635	31,030	29,600
Percentage with employment income	47.9	61.9	40.7	69.6	74.4	65.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	30	10	8,715	4,405	4,310
$5,000 to $9,999	10	10	5	5,695	2,570	3,125
$10,000 to $19,999	25	10	15	8,745	4,070	4,670
$20,000 to $29,999	20	10	10	6,115	2,970	3,150
$30,000 to $39,999	10	0	5	5,500	2,735	2,770
$40,000 to $49,999	0	5	0	5,155	2,420	2,730
$50,000 to $59,999	5	5	5	4,245	2,200	2,045
$60,000 to $69,999	0	0	0	3,445	1,815	1,630
$70,000 to $79,999	0	5	5	3,330	1,750	1,585
$80,000 and over	5	5	0	9,685	6,100	3,585
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	2,265	1,305	960
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,430	840	590
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	5,990	3,960	2,035
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	100	...	...	48,295	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	37,248	...	...	66,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	34,688	...	...	56,515	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	20	...	...	18,175	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	17,536	...	...	38,239	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	17,536	...	...	33,412	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	80	...	...	30,115	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	41,920	...	...	93,473	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	41,536	...	...	78,050	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	125	...	...	48,295	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	43,615	...	...	93,053	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	41,052	...	...	73,763	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	18,170	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	47,819	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	38,954	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	30,125	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	47,513	...	...	120,339	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	44,675	...	...	94,760	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	100	...	...	48,290	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	650	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	730	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,335	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	1,960	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	2,135	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	1,855	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	2,075	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	2,390	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	2,365	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	0	...	...	2,155	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	4,130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	3,510	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	3,105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	2,775	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	2,225	...	...
$100,000 and over	10	...	...	14,890	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	4,505	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	3,145	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	0	...	...	3,480	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	3,765	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	100	...	...	48,295	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	705	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	740	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	1,360	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	2,060	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	2,390	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	2,340	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	5	...	...	2,990	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	3,035	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	2,830	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	2,630	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5	...	...	4,575	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5	...	...	3,945	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	3,370	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	2,735	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	2,315	...	...
$100,000 and over	10	...	...	10,255	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	3,975	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	2,380	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	3,905	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	75	...	...	27,970	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	41,728	...	...	97,730	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	41,088	...	...	80,701	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	13,775	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	87,123	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	72,565	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	9,880	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	58,624	...	...	136,704	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	56,832	...	...	110,950	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	5.6	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	3,570	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	26,816	...	...	69,969	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	26,816	...	...	60,268	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	100	...	...	28,005	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	42,766	...	...	124,898	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	41,121	...	...	97,816	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	13,785	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	108,128	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	84,813	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	9,865	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	166,889	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	129,272	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	3,545	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	24,550	...	...	85,471	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	24,272	...	...	69,001	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	40	15	20	23,745	10,610	13,135
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	17,856	0	17,344	32,772	32,145	33,301
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	17,856	0	17,344	29,562	28,843	30,012
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	30	0	25	23,515	10,480	13,035
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	0	0	0	42,362	44,355	40,759
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	0	0	0	34,998	36,152	34,070
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	350	170	180	100,115	48,350	51,770
In the bottom half of the distribution	295	140	155	44,845	20,905	23,945
In the bottom decile	125	55	75	8,480	4,190	4,290
In the second decile	90	55	35	8,275	3,690	4,585
In the third decile	55	25	30	8,510	3,985	4,525
In the fourth decile	0	0	5	9,725	4,455	5,265
In the fifth decile	20	5	10	9,860	4,580	5,280
In the top half of the distribution	55	25	30	55,270	27,445	27,825
In the sixth decile	10	0	5	10,180	4,875	5,310
In the seventh decile	25	15	15	11,065	5,430	5,635
In the eighth decile	10	5	0	10,950	5,490	5,460
In the ninth decile	5	5	0	10,765	5,335	5,430
In the top decile	5	0	0	12,305	6,315	5,985
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	345	170	180	100,115	48,350	51,765
0 to 17 years	125	70	55	15,690	8,060	7,630
0 to 5 years	55	30	20	5,120	2,665	2,455
18 to 64 years	195	80	115	62,785	30,870	31,920
65 years and over	25	15	10	21,640	9,420	12,215
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	205	105	100	11,375	5,190	6,180
0 to 17 years	85	50	35	1,425	735	695
0 to 5 years	40	25	15	505	270	235
18 to 64 years	100	40	60	7,970	3,895	4,075
65 years and over	15	10	5	1,980	560	1,415
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	59.4	61.8	55.6	11.4	10.7	11.9
0 to 17 years (%)	68.0	71.4	63.6	9.1	9.1	9.1
0 to 5 years (%)	72.7	83.3	75.0	9.9	10.1	9.6
18 to 64 years (%)	51.3	50.0	52.2	12.7	12.6	12.8
65 years and over (%)	60.0	66.7	50.0	9.1	5.9	11.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	20	20	10,425	4,960	5,465
0 to 17 years	10	5	0	1,005	515	495
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	350	180	170
18 to 64 years	30	10	20	8,085	4,105	3,985
65 years and over	0	0	0	1,335	350	985
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.6	11.8	11.1	10.4	10.3	10.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	7.1	0.0	6.4	6.4	6.5
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	16.7	0.0	6.8	6.8	6.9
18 to 64 years (%)	15.4	12.5	17.4	12.9	13.3	12.5
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	6.2	3.7	8.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	395	190	200	100,110	48,330	51,785
Official languages	395	195	200	99,695	48,115	51,580
English	400	195	200	54,145	28,820	25,325
French	0	0	0	99,240	47,885	51,360
Non-official languages	80	25	45	16,460	8,050	8,415
Aboriginal languages	75	25	50	60	35	30
Algonquian languages	80	25	50	60	35	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	65	35	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	45	20	20
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	75	25	50	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	16,400	8,010	8,390
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	3,215	1,755	1,460
Berber languages	0	0	0	270	155	115
Kabyle	0	0	0	135	70	65
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	80	50
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	3,120	1,700	1,415
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	3,105	1,700	1,410
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	355	165	190
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	35	15	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	320	155	165
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	105	45	55
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	75	40	35
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	30	0	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	380	200	180
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	40	25	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	330	165	165
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10,790	5,025	5,775
Albanian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,005	525	480
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	995	515	480
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	110	70	40
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Croatian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	30	15	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	165	95	70
Russian	0	0	0	420	200	220
Serbian	0	0	0	90	45	45
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	135	55	75
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	40	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	825	465	360
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	70	50	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	765	420	340
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	90	40	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	325	160	170
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	105	60	50
Bengali	0	0	0	35	20	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	50	30	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	220	100	120
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	210	95	115
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	9,050	4,075	4,975
Catalan	0	0	0	55	20	30
Italian	0	0	0	810	370	440
Portuguese	0	0	0	680	330	350
Romanian	0	0	0	455	210	245
Spanish	0	0	0	7,460	3,290	4,175
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	175	95	75
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	990	565	425
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	25	20	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	85	45	40
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	95	60	35
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	95	50	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	115	85	30
Wolof	0	0	0	240	145	95
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	380	195	185
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	600	290	310
Chinese languages	0	0	0	590	280	315
Cantonese	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	485	230	250
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turkish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	40	45
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	400	195	200	100,110	48,330	51,780
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	395	195	200	94,055	45,185	48,865
Canadian citizens aged under 18	130	70	60	14,565	7,495	7,070
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	265	125	145	79,490	37,695	41,795
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	6,060	3,140	2,915
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	395	195	205	100,110	48,330	51,785
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	400	195	205	86,780	41,550	45,230
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	11,485	5,740	5,745
Before 1981	0	0	0	1,465	820	640
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	740	375	370
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,565	680	885
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	4,095	2,090	2,005
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,630	810	825
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	2,470	1,280	1,180
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	3,615	1,775	1,845
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,850	1,040	805
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	11,485	5,740	5,750
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,540	655	885
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,585	800	785
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,600	805	790
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	6,200	3,195	3,005
45 years and over	0	0	0	560	280	280
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	11,485	5,740	5,750
Americas	0	0	0	2,730	1,255	1,470
Brazil	0	0	0	200	90	105
Colombia	0	0	0	1,020	495	530
El Salvador	0	0	0	30	25	0
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	335	175	160
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	240	85	150
Peru	0	0	0	145	50	95
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	245	115	130
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	495	210	285
Europe	0	0	0	3,450	1,790	1,665
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	255	125	130
Croatia	0	0	0	15	0	15
France	0	0	0	1,620	885	730
Germany	0	0	0	120	45	75
Greece	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hungary	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	85	60	30
Netherlands	0	0	0	25	10	10
Poland	0	0	0	100	50	55
Portugal	0	0	0	90	30	55
Romania	0	0	0	245	120	125
Russian Federation	0	0	0	90	35	60
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	75	45	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	65	40	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	605	305	300
Africa	0	0	0	3,625	2,025	1,600
Algeria	0	0	0	630	370	265
Egypt	0	0	0	155	75	80
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	730	390	340
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	2,090	1,185	905
Asia	0	0	0	1,665	660	1,005
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	600	135	455
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	15
India	0	0	0	35	25	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	100	60	40
Iraq	0	0	0	80	30	50
Japan	0	0	0	50	10	40
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	40	25	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	100	55	40
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Philippines	0	0	0	25	10	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	250	115	130
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	215	105	110
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	3,620	1,775	1,840
Americas	0	0	0	880	405	480
Brazil	0	0	0	140	65	75
Colombia	0	0	0	420	205	215
Cuba	0	0	0	30	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	95	35	55
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	70	30	45
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	70	30	35
Europe	0	0	0	710	380	330
France	0	0	0	410	205	210
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Romania	0	0	0	30	15	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	165	110	55
Africa	0	0	0	1,620	840	780
Algeria	0	0	0	165	90	75
Cameroon	0	0	0	325	145	180
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	30	15	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	205	120	90
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	260	120	145
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	195	110	90
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	410	230	180
Asia	0	0	0	405	150	250
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	75	30	45
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	15
India	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iraq	0	0	0	80	30	50
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	70	30	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	10	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	40	10	30
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	395	195	205	100,115	48,330	51,785
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	13,870	7,050	6,820
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	6,370	3,185	3,180
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	395	190	200	79,870	38,090	41,775
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	10,085	4,955	5,130
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	6,540	3,535	3,000
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	3,220	2,180	1,040
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	3,320	1,355	1,960
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	2,140	715	1,425
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,355	680	675
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	55	30	30
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	395	195	200	100,110	48,330	51,785
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	390	190	200	875	430	440
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	385	190	195	830	420	410
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	155	55	95	390	195	195
Métis	235	135	100	415	220	195
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	25	0	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	10	10	10	99,240	47,900	51,340
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	395	190	200	100,115	48,330	51,780
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	150	55	95	360	165	190
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	250	140	105	99,760	48,165	51,595
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	395	190	200	100,115	48,330	51,780
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	195	85	115	440	195	245
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	150	70	80	420	185	235
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	90	50	45	315	140	175
Métis single ancestry	55	20	35	90	35	50
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	15	30	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	50	15	35	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	60	35	25	2,035	880	1,150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	45	30	15	2,005	875	1,130
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	1,710	725	990
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	285	150	135
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	10	30	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	0	30	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	140	80	65	97,640	47,255	50,385
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	395	195	200	100,115	48,335	51,780
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	10,305	5,250	5,055
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	190	100	90
Chinese	0	0	0	850	270	585
Black	0	0	0	3,365	1,870	1,490
Filipino	0	0	0	50	25	25
Latin American	0	0	0	2,250	1,035	1,215
Arab	0	0	0	2,510	1,420	1,095
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	555	275	275
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	235	115	120
Korean	0	0	0	55	40	15
Japanese	0	0	0	90	30	65
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	80	55	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	70	20	45
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	395	195	200	89,810	43,080	46,730
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	395	195	200	100,115	48,330	51,780
North American Aboriginal origins	255	120	135	2,470	1,075	1,395
First Nations (North American Indian)	175	85	85	2,075	885	1,190
Inuit	0	0	0	25	0	15
Métis	140	55	85	425	210	220
Other North American origins	170	100	75	63,625	30,255	33,370
Acadian	0	0	0	440	215	225
American	0	0	0	470	210	260
Canadian	170	100	75	61,455	29,185	32,270
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	2,020	1,010	1,010
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	55	30	25	41,825	20,410	21,415
British Isles origins	25	15	15	8,575	4,130	4,440
Channel Islander	0	0	0	30	15	20
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	15	0	10	1,890	910	975
Irish	0	10	0	5,635	2,665	2,965
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	10	10	0	2,355	1,120	1,230
Welsh	0	0	0	50	10	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	95	50	45
French origins	25	10	20	32,970	16,085	16,885
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	180	60	120
Corsican	0	0	0	15	10	0
French	30	10	15	32,825	16,035	16,800
Western European origins (except French origins)	10	10	0	3,045	1,530	1,510
Austrian	0	0	0	115	65	50
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	670	320	350
Dutch	0	10	0	215	100	115
Flemish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	10	1,680	835	845
Luxembourger	0	0	0	35	35	0
Swiss	0	0	0	450	245	205
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	235	140	90
Danish	0	0	0	45	35	10
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	125	80	50
Swedish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	1,825	860	965
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	85	50	35
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	215	90	125
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	65	20	45
Polish	0	0	0	535	280	250
Romanian	0	0	0	500	235	270
Russian	0	0	0	285	105	180
Slovak	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	315	120	195
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	0	0	0	3,580	1,790	1,790
Albanian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Bosnian	0	0	0	110	65	45
Catalan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	100	60	35
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	165	65	100
Italian	0	0	0	1,685	855	835
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	485	235	250
Serbian	0	0	0	145	80	70
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	1,055	550	505
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	55	20	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	10	0	220	115	100
Basque	0	0	0	55	20	35
Jewish	0	10	0	65	35	30
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	95	60	40
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	860	450	410
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	130	55	70
Dominican	0	0	0	35	20	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	25	15	15
Haitian	0	0	0	565	310	255
Jamaican	0	0	0	45	30	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	30	15	15
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	65	35	35
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,705	1,280	1,425
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	60	25	35
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Belizean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	240	140	100
Chilean	0	0	0	130	65	65
Colombian	0	0	0	1,245	625	620
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	45	20	25
Maya	0	0	0	25	15	15
Mexican	0	0	0	445	170	275
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	20	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	215	85	135
Salvadorean	0	0	0	50	30	20
Uruguayan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Venezuelan	0	0	0	85	40	40
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	25	15	15
African origins	0	0	0	5,865	3,190	2,670
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	2,040	1,135	905
Akan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	70	45	25
Burkinabe	0	0	0	70	45	25
Cameroonian	0	0	0	595	300	295
Chadian	0	0	0	20	10	20
Congolese	0	0	0	215	140	70
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gabonese	0	0	0	55	35	25
Gambian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Guinean	0	0	0	85	40	50
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	305	160	140
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Malinké	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Peulh	0	0	0	30	25	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	305	170	140
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	75	50	25
Wolof	0	0	0	20	15	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	135	65	65
North African origins	0	0	0	2,985	1,580	1,405
Algerian	0	0	0	910	500	410
Berber	0	0	0	410	240	165
Coptic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	180	85	90
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	910	480	430
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	740	380	365
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	395	225	170
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	25	25	10
Burundian	0	0	0	105	60	50
Djiboutian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	100	55	40
Mauritian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	30	15	20
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Other African origins	0	0	0	485	280	210
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	35	20	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	480	275	205
Asian origins	0	0	0	3,725	1,765	1,955
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,770	940	835
Afghan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	730	415	310
Armenian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	260	120	140
Iraqi	0	0	0	95	45	50
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	325	155	170
Palestinian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0	140	85	55
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	90	35	55
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	15	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	185	95	90
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	125	60	65
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	30	25	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	1,795	750	1,045
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	105	50	55
Chinese	0	0	0	1,000	325	675
Filipino	0	0	0	45	15	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	155	70	85
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	40	15
Laotian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	480	260	215
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	35	20	10
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	25	20	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	120	...	...	48,290	...	...
Owner	55	...	...	27,890	...	...
Renter	70	...	...	20,400	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	125	...	...	48,295	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	9,405	...	...
Not condominium	120	...	...	38,890	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	125	...	...	48,290	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	490	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	9,705	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	14,520	...	...
3 bedrooms	55	...	...	13,120	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	10,450	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	120	...	...	48,290	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	30	...	...	19,760	...	...
5 rooms	25	...	...	6,995	...	...
6 rooms	40	...	...	4,070	...	...
7 rooms	20	...	...	4,130	...	...
8 or more rooms	10	...	...	13,340	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.6	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	120	...	...	48,295	...	...
One person or fewer per room	120	...	...	48,005	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	120	...	...	48,290	...	...
Suitable	100	...	...	47,205	...	...
Not suitable	20	...	...	1,085	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	125	...	...	48,290	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	9,045	...	...
1961 to 1980	55	...	...	17,970	...	...
1981 to 1990	25	...	...	9,675	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	5,310	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	2,485	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	1,650	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	2,160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	125	...	...	48,290	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	85	...	...	45,820	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	2,470	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	125	...	...	48,290	...	...
1 household maintainer	95	...	...	29,960	...	...
2 household maintainers	20	...	...	17,535	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	125	...	...	48,290	...	...
15 to 24 years	20	...	...	3,675	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	6,605	...	...
35 to 44 years	20	...	...	6,110	...	...
45 to 54 years	35	...	...	7,150	...	...
55 to 64 years	30	...	...	9,870	...	...
65 to 74 years	10	...	...	8,630	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	4,645	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,615	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	125	...	...	48,225	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	115	...	...	38,650	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	9,575	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	8,335	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...	27,870	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	50.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	9.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	295	...	...	939	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	340	...	...	1,134	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	29,975	...	...	324,881	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	73,697	...	...	371,650	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	65	...	...	20,395	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	64.3	...	...	7.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	34.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	402	...	...	807	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	437	...	...	840	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	300	145	155	87,100	41,720	45,380
No certificate, diploma or degree	160	100	60	6,850	3,285	3,565
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	75	25	45	14,580	6,545	8,035
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65	15	45	65,670	31,885	33,780
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	7,955	4,530	3,430
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	10	5,920	3,010	2,910
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	2,035	1,515	515
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	30	10	20	18,300	7,850	10,445
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	10	4,145	1,370	2,775
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20	0	20	35,270	18,135	17,130
Bachelor's degree	20	0	15	19,770	9,810	9,955
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	10	2,680	1,360	1,325
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,720	910	810
Master's degree	0	0	0	8,525	4,310	4,215
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	2,575	1,750	825
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	185	80	105	50,445	24,995	25,455
No certificate, diploma or degree	75	60	20	1,910	1,100	810
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	60	15	40	5,460	2,755	2,710
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	45	10	40	43,075	21,140	21,940
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	5,360	3,070	2,295
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	10	4,010	2,045	1,965
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	1,350	1,025	330
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	10	15	9,770	4,525	5,250
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	2,210	830	1,380
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	20	0	20	25,725	12,710	13,015
Bachelor's degree	20	0	10	13,940	6,950	6,990
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	1,820	805	1,015
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,315	610	705
Master's degree	0	0	0	6,805	3,225	3,575
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,850	1,120	730
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	300	145	155	87,100	41,715	45,385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	235	130	105	21,430	9,830	11,600
Education	25	0	20	4,810	1,175	3,630
13. Education	25	0	20	4,810	1,175	3,630
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,295	955	1,340
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	320	170	150
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,975	785	1,190
Humanities	10	0	15	4,955	2,030	2,920
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	710	165	545
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	125	40	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	2,485	1,080	1,405
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	50	30	20
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	250	160	90
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	255	135	120
54. History	0	0	0	445	235	210
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	630	185	445
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	10	8,205	3,380	4,825
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	15	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	910	245	665
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	10	0	955	150	810
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	2,205	1,025	1,180
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	265	50	215
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,185	295	890
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,635	1,600	1,040
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	15,940	7,030	8,910
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	940	260	680
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	14,995	6,760	8,230
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	4,495	2,510	1,985
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,705	905	795
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	405	240	175
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	1,405	650	760
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	885	685	200
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	90	30	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	3,345	2,390	955
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,680	2,010	670
25. Library science	0	0	0	245	65	175
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	345	260	90
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	70	55	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	0	0	0	8,585	7,675	910
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	465	320	145
14. Engineering	0	0	0	3,640	3,100	535
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,485	1,350	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	1,240	1,200	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,110	1,080	30
48. Precision production	0	0	0	650	620	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	1,325	855	470
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	730	425	300
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	590	425	170
Health and related fields	10	0	0	9,120	2,415	6,705
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	525	290	240
51. Health professions and related programs	10	0	10	7,925	1,725	6,200
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	665	395	265
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	2,570	1,460	1,110
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,440	490	955
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	490	345	140
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	610	600	15
Other	0	0	0	35	20	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	35	25	15
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	185	85	105	50,445	24,995	25,450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	140	75	65	7,370	3,860	3,515
Education	25	10	20	2,635	665	1,965
13. Education	25	10	20	2,635	670	1,965
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,550	645	900
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	225	100	130
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,325	545	775
Humanities	0	0	10	2,350	995	1,360
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	495	115	375
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	35	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	800	405	395
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	40	25	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	150	90	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	125	65	60
54. History	0	0	0	275	150	130
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	380	110	270
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	10	5,590	2,140	3,450
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	15	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	730	215	510
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	655	105	550
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,470	560	910
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	175	30	150
42. Psychology	0	0	0	765	165	600
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,755	1,045	705
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	11,180	4,770	6,405
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	575	135	440
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	0	10,600	4,635	5,965
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,300	1,355	945
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,230	635	595
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	185	115	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	205	120	85
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	625	465	160
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	60	20	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,825	1,995	830
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,360	1,760	595
25. Library science	0	0	0	185	45	135
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	230	150	75
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	45	25	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	0	0	0	5,995	5,245	750
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	335	225	105
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,655	2,195	460
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,045	935	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	805	775	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	710	680	30
48. Precision production	0	0	0	455	435	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,040	635	405
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	580	325	260
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	455	310	145
Health and related fields	0	0	0	5,830	1,700	4,130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	385	230	160
51. Health professions and related programs	10	0	10	4,950	1,225	3,730
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	490	245	250
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	1,755	975	780
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,015	330	680
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	300	215	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	440	425	10
Other	0	0	0	25	15	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	30	15	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	300	145	155	87,100	41,715	45,385
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	235	130	105	21,430	9,830	11,600
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	65	15	50	65,670	31,890	33,785
Location of study inside Canada	60	15	50	60,070	28,805	31,270
Same as province or territory of residence	55	10	45	58,675	27,990	30,690
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	1,395	815	585
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	5,600	3,085	2,515
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	480	310	165
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	35	20	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	145	95	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	120	60	60
France	0	0	0	1,565	930	635
Other	0	0	0	3,255	1,670	1,585
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	185	85	105	50,445	24,995	25,450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	140	75	60	7,370	3,855	3,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50	10	40	43,075	21,135	21,940
Location of study inside Canada	50	10	40	38,610	18,795	19,815
Same as province or territory of residence	40	0	35	37,730	18,300	19,430
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	10	875	495	385
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	4,470	2,345	2,120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	220	115	105
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	15
India	0	0	0	25	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	80	55	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	115	55	60
France	0	0	0	1,155	675	490
Other	0	0	0	2,860	1,440	1,425
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	300	145	155	87,100	41,720	45,380
In the labour force	80	25	55	54,070	27,915	26,160
Employed	50	20	30	50,950	26,095	24,855
Unemployed	30	10	20	3,125	1,820	1,305
Not in the labour force	220	115	100	33,030	13,800	19,225
Participation rate	26.7	17.2	35.5	62.1	66.9	57.6
Employment rate	16.7	13.8	19.4	58.5	62.5	54.8
Unemployment rate	37.5	40.0	36.4	5.8	6.5	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	300	140	155	87,100	41,720	45,385
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	225	115	110	29,300	11,885	17,415
Worked	75	30	50	57,800	29,830	27,970
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	20	10	15	25,530	13,865	11,670
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	55	20	30	32,265	15,965	16,300
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.7	33.4	43.5	42.0	42.1	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	80	30	55	54,075	27,915	26,155
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	915	430	490
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	75	30	45	53,160	27,485	25,675
Employee	75	25	50	47,195	23,935	23,260
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	0	10	0	5,965	3,550	2,415
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	80	25	55	54,070	27,915	26,160
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	915	430	490
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	75	30	50	53,155	27,485	25,670
0 Management occupations	0	0	0	5,520	3,465	2,050
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	10	9,720	3,550	6,170
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	6,090	4,665	1,425
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	4,985	1,515	3,470
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30	10	25	8,215	3,360	4,860
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,975	830	1,150
6 Sales and service occupations	15	0	15	12,430	6,265	6,160
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10	15	0	2,990	2,805	180
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	0	0	365	325	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	875	710	165
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	80	25	50	54,075	27,915	26,160
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	920	430	490
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	75	30	45	53,160	27,485	25,670
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	15	0	305	210	85
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	105	80	25
22 Utilities	0	0	0	155	125	25
23 Construction	0	0	0	1,510	1,295	215
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	3,115	2,280	840
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	1,235	875	360
44-45 Retail trade	10	0	0	5,880	2,765	3,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	10	0	1,235	1,035	205
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,025	635	390
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	3,240	1,500	1,735
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,100	685	415
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	10	5,370	3,375	2,000
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	15	0	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	2,000	1,385	615
61 Educational services	35	10	25	5,360	2,185	3,175
62 Health care and social assistance	15	0	10	7,205	2,010	5,205
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,065	495	565
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	4,055	2,125	1,935
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	1,835	800	1,040
91 Public administration	0	0	0	7,340	3,630	3,715
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	50	20	30	50,945	26,090	24,855
Worked at home	0	0	0	3,260	1,685	1,580
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	125	75	45
No fixed workplace address	0	10	0	3,310	2,415	895
Worked at usual place	45	15	30	44,250	21,920	22,330
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	50	15	30	44,250	21,915	22,335
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25	10	15	36,940	17,695	19,250
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	10	0	1,940	1,005	930
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	0	0	5,300	3,160	2,135
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	75	55	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	50	20	30	47,560	24,330	23,230
Car, truck, van - as a driver	35	15	20	33,325	17,710	15,610
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	10	0	1,750	565	1,180
Public transit	0	0	0	7,455	3,340	4,115
Walked	10	0	10	3,635	1,735	1,895
Bicycle	0	0	0	915	690	225
Other method	0	0	0	495	285	205
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	50	20	30	47,560	24,330	23,230
Less than 15 minutes	35	10	25	14,435	7,185	7,250
15 to 29 minutes	15	10	0	21,225	10,930	10,295
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	7,825	3,950	3,870
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	2,360	1,215	1,145
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	1,725	1,050	670
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	50	20	30	47,560	24,330	23,230
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	880	650	230
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	0	0	0	5,095	3,185	1,910
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10	0	0	17,520	8,625	8,890
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	40	10	30	13,040	6,175	6,860
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	0	4,950	2,345	2,610
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	0	6,075	3,350	2,725
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	80	30	55	59,095	30,435	28,660
Single responses	85	25	55	56,995	29,220	27,775
Official languages	80	30	50	56,850	29,160	27,690
English	80	25	50	1,545	940	605
French	0	0	0	55,300	28,220	27,085
Non-official languages	0	0	0	140	60	80
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	140	60	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	85	35	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	30	0	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	30	20	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	15	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	2,105	1,215	885
English and French	0	0	0	1,860	1,120	740
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	125	45	75
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	100	40	60
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	80	25	50	59,095	30,435	28,660
None	70	25	45	44,270	21,850	22,425
English	0	0	0	13,020	7,645	5,380
French	0	0	0	1,185	730	455
Non-official language	10	0	10	365	125	235
Aboriginal	15	0	10	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	350	120	230
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	250	85	165
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	385	185	200	99,410	47,985	51,420
Non-movers	340	165	175	86,140	41,185	44,965
Movers	45	15	25	13,270	6,805	6,460
Non-migrants	10	0	0	9,115	4,740	4,375
Migrants	35	20	15	4,155	2,070	2,085
Internal migrants	35	20	20	3,145	1,580	1,565
Intraprovincial migrants	40	20	20	2,990	1,495	1,500
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	155	85	70
External migrants	0	0	0	1,010	490	520
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	360	170	195	95,930	46,165	49,770
Non-movers	295	140	155	59,360	27,835	31,520
Movers	75	25	45	36,575	18,330	18,250
Non-migrants	30	10	20	21,105	10,650	10,460
Migrants	40	20	20	15,465	7,680	7,785
Internal migrants	40	20	25	10,995	5,435	5,555
Intraprovincial migrants	30	10	15	10,535	5,185	5,350
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	0	460	245	210
External migrants	0	0	0	4,475	2,250	2,230

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Duck Bay, NCM [Designated place], Manitoba and Louis-Hébert [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Duck Bay, Northern community [Designated place], Manitoba and Louis-Hébert [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Duck Bay, Northern community [Designated place], Manitoba and Louis-Hébert [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Duck Bay, Northern community [Designated place], Manitoba and Louis-Hébert [Federal electoral district], Quebec