Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ashern, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba and Cochrane, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Ashern, LUD Manitoba [Designated place]			Cochrane, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Ashern, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba Map : Ashern, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Cochrane, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	565	...	...	25,853	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	609	...	...	17,580	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-7.2	...	...	47.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	311	...	...	10,225	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	278	...	...	9,757	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	184.0	...	...	866.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3.07	...	...	29.83	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	570	260	310	25,855	12,725	13,135
0 to 14 years	120	60	60	5,500	2,780	2,715
0 to 4 years	50	25	25	1,975	980	990
5 to 9 years	40	20	20	1,890	970	920
10 to 14 years	25	15	15	1,630	825	805
15 to 64 years	280	130	145	17,380	8,545	8,835
15 to 19 years	30	10	15	1,405	735	675
20 to 24 years	30	10	15	1,255	615	640
25 to 29 years	35	20	15	1,765	825	945
30 to 34 years	35	20	20	2,135	1,055	1,080
35 to 39 years	20	10	10	2,130	1,045	1,085
40 to 44 years	20	10	10	1,970	970	1,000
45 to 49 years	25	10	10	1,695	870	830
50 to 54 years	30	10	15	1,805	850	955
55 to 59 years	35	15	20	1,710	820	885
60 to 64 years	25	15	15	1,500	750	750
65 years and over	175	70	105	2,975	1,395	1,575
65 to 69 years	35	15	20	1,220	585	635
70 to 74 years	40	20	15	765	375	390
75 to 79 years	25	15	15	460	200	255
80 to 84 years	30	10	20	300	150	150
85 years and over	45	5	35	230	85	150
85 to 89 years	20	5	15	150	60	85
90 to 94 years	15	5	15	55	20	35
95 to 99 years	10	0	5	30	5	25
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.1	23.1	19.4	21.3	21.8	20.7
15 to 64 years	49.1	50.0	46.8	67.2	67.2	67.3
65 years and over	30.7	26.9	33.9	11.5	11.0	12.0
85 years and over	7.9	1.9	11.3	0.9	0.7	1.1
Average age of the population	44.6	41.5	47.2	37.1	36.7	37.6
Median age of the population	45.6	39.8	49.7	36.9	36.6	37.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
Single-detached house	185	...	...	6,140	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	65	...	...	3,615	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	1,345	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,160	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	55	...	...	1,010	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	25	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
1 person	135	...	...	1,810	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	3,705	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	1,690	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	1,685	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	870	...	...
Number of persons in private households	550	...	...	25,640	...	...
Average household size	2.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	455	205	255	20,355	9,940	10,415
Married or living common law	205	105	105	14,030	7,000	7,030
Married	165	85	85	11,825	5,900	5,920
Living common law	40	20	20	2,210	1,100	1,110
Not married and not living common law	250	105	150	6,325	2,935	3,390
Never married	115	65	55	4,050	2,175	1,875
Separated	25	15	15	480	210	270
Divorced	25	15	15	1,145	415	730
Widowed	80	10	65	650	135	515
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	135	...	...	7,755	...	...
2 persons	80	...	...	3,790	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	1,605	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	1,645	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	710	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	135	...	...	7,760	...	...
Total couple families	100	...	...	6,925	...	...
Married couples	80	...	...	5,820	...	...
Common-law couples	20	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	35	...	...	835	...	...
Female parent	30	...	...	625	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	6,925	...	...
Couples without children	60	...	...	3,310	...	...
Couples with children	40	...	...	3,615	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	1,345	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	1,580	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	830	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	475	...	...
2 children	10	...	...	260	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	170	75	90	2,910	1,390	1,520
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	280	...	...	9,760	...	...
One-census-family households	130	...	...	7,545	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	60	...	...	3,215	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	80	...	...	4,325	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	110	...	...
Non-census-family households	140	...	...	2,105	...	...
One-person households	130	...	...	1,810	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	300	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	570	255	310	25,850	12,725	13,135
English only	560	250	305	23,315	11,595	11,715
French only	0	0	0	15	5	10
English and French	5	10	0	2,480	1,100	1,375
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	45	15	30
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	570	255	310	25,855	12,725	13,130
English	560	255	310	25,185	12,400	12,780
French	5	0	0	580	280	295
English and French	0	0	0	50	20	25
Neither English nor French	5	0	5	40	15	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5	5	0	605	295	310
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	2.0	0.0	2.3	2.3	2.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	565	260	310	25,855	12,720	13,135
Single responses	560	255	305	25,575	12,595	12,975
Official languages	485	220	265	23,710	11,715	11,995
English	480	220	265	23,095	11,415	11,675
French	5	0	0	615	300	320
Non-official languages	80	30	45	1,860	880	985
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	10	5	10
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	10	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	5	5	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	70	30	40	1,850	875	975
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	55	30	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	0	50	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	45	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	250	90	160
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	215	75	140
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	15	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	10	10	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	10	20	1,245	605	640
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	260	120	150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	5	5	0	255	115	140
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Czech	0	0	0	35	15	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	65	25	35
Russian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	45	25	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	5	20	530	245	280
Afrikaans	5	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	5
Dutch	5	0	5	130	65	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	0	20	335	145	190
Icelandic	5	5	5	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	130	70	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	105	65	45
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	20	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	305	160	145
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Portuguese	0	0	0	45	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Spanish	5	5	0	190	100	90
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	5	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	65	30	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	75	30	40
Chinese languages	0	0	0	75	30	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	10	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	10	5	0	280	130	155
English and French	0	0	0	100	45	55
English and non-official language	5	0	0	170	75	95
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	565	260	310	25,855	12,720	13,135
Single responses	555	250	300	25,460	12,535	12,915
Official languages	520	230	290	24,830	12,230	12,600
English	520	230	290	24,595	12,110	12,485
French	0	0	0	235	120	110
Non-official languages	35	20	10	630	305	320
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	10	5	5
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	15	615	305	310
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	15	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	120	50	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	110	45	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	10	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	0	360	180	180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	5	10
Russian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Afrikaans	5	0	5	10	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	55	25	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	135	70	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	5	0	0	100	55	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	35	20	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	10	395	180	215
English and French	0	0	0	55	30	25
English and non-official language	15	5	5	335	150	190
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	565	255	310	25,850	12,720	13,130
None	535	240	295	24,230	11,980	12,250
English	10	10	0	430	210	215
French	0	5	0	465	195	270
Non-official language	20	10	10	695	315	380
Aboriginal	5	5	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	5	10	690	315	380
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	430	195	235	20,145	9,870	10,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	415	185	225	19,410	9,540	9,875
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,488	25,920	22,304	50,896	70,400	35,927
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	410	185	225	19,420	9,540	9,880
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,443	24,384	21,850	44,199	58,702	32,352
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	335	155	180	18,630	9,345	9,285
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	17,088	23,360	14,400	48,702	69,063	33,001
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	360	155	200	10,320	3,655	6,670
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,152	9,536	11,573	4,228	6,104	3,852
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	240	120	120	15,950	8,220	7,735
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,720	28,640	20,032	48,350	69,685	32,744
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	440	220	220	20,150	9,865	10,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	420	210	205	19,425	9,505	9,920
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,941	32,722	25,024	68,927	91,345	47,443
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	420	215	205	19,435	9,505	9,925
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,843	28,699	22,883	55,187	71,275	39,781
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	320	170	150	18,755	9,365	9,390
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,800	28,822	20,268	67,513	89,738	45,360
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	365	180	185	10,390	3,595	6,795
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,679	11,682	11,676	7,010	7,860	6,560
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	210	120	90	15,955	8,160	7,790
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,248	35,275	23,627	65,387	86,449	43,329
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	440	215	220	20,150	9,870	10,280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	70	35	30	7,720	4,650	3,070
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,102	53,083	44,178	76,163	88,403	58,099
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,462	60,590	45,627	91,810	108,090	67,167
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	72.0	80.9	63.8	94.6	96.8	90.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.2	70.2	51.3	77.4	80.3	72.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	27.9	19.9	36.9	5.4	3.2	9.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	435	200	235	20,145	9,870	10,280
Without total income	20	15	10	735	330	410
With total income	410	185	225	19,410	9,540	9,870
Percentage with total income	94.3	92.5	95.7	96.4	96.7	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55	20	35	2,310	740	1,560
$10,000 to $19,999	100	50	55	2,030	640	1,390
$20,000 to $29,999	95	30	60	1,955	620	1,330
$30,000 to $39,999	50	20	30	1,685	615	1,065
$40,000 to $49,999	30	15	15	1,600	660	935
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	15	1,565	755	810
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	1,345	700	640
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	1,205	690	515
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	5	1,050	650	400
$90,000 to $99,999	5	10	0	830	495	335
$100,000 and over	15	15	0	3,850	2,965	880
$100,000 to $149,999	10	10	0	2,315	1,670	645
$150,000 and over	5	5	5	1,535	1,295	240
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	430	195	235	20,150	9,870	10,275
Without after-tax income	20	15	10	730	330	400
With after-tax income	410	185	225	19,420	9,540	9,880
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	94.9	95.7	96.4	96.7	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55	25	30	2,420	770	1,650
$10,000 to $19,999	110	50	55	2,115	665	1,450
$20,000 to $29,999	100	30	65	2,285	755	1,535
$30,000 to $39,999	55	25	35	2,085	815	1,265
$40,000 to $49,999	35	10	20	2,030	940	1,090
$50,000 to $59,999	20	15	5	1,830	955	875
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	1,495	900	595
$70,000 to $79,999	5	10	0	1,285	780	505
$80,000 and over	10	10	5	3,880	2,965	915
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	970	640	335
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	705	525	180
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	2,205	1,805	400
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	430	195	235	20,150	9,870	10,280
Without employment income	190	80	110	4,195	1,650	2,550
With employment income	240	120	125	15,950	8,225	7,730
Percentage with employment income	55.8	61.5	53.2	79.2	83.3	75.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	20	25	1,900	795	1,105
$5,000 to $9,999	20	5	15	965	370	590
$10,000 to $19,999	45	25	20	1,670	565	1,105
$20,000 to $29,999	30	15	15	1,325	480	845
$30,000 to $39,999	25	15	10	1,185	465	715
$40,000 to $49,999	10	10	5	1,100	460	640
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	1,125	495	630
$60,000 to $69,999	5	0	5	930	490	445
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	5	945	565	375
$80,000 and over	30	25	5	4,805	3,535	1,275
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	0	855	525	330
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	760	465	290
$100,000 and over	15	10	0	3,190	2,540	650
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	280	...	...	9,760	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	32,960	...	...	113,500	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	32,064	...	...	95,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	135	...	...	1,815	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,688	...	...	58,736	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	22,304	...	...	48,870	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	145	...	...	7,945	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	51,648	...	...	126,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	47,232	...	...	105,393	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	280	...	...	9,760	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	43,579	...	...	137,234	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	38,913	...	...	109,921	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	1,820	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,959	...	...	74,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,742	...	...	59,493	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	7,940	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,729	...	...	151,653	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	52,451	...	...	121,470	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	85	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	110	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	25	...	...	155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	35	...	...	190	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	200	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	25	...	...	490	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	525	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	550	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	565	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	5,645	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	1,375	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	1,085	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	1,565	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	1,615	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	280	...	...	9,760	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	100	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	65	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	115	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	40	...	...	195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	30	...	...	225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	230	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	250	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	295	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	625	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	705	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	705	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	735	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	755	...	...
$100,000 and over	20	...	...	4,500	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	1,480	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	1,125	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	1,895	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	140	...	...	7,710	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	51,072	...	...	125,726	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	45,781	...	...	104,763	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	3,190	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	48,768	...	...	112,475	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	44,224	...	...	94,876	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	3,620	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,832	...	...	150,132	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	76,544	...	...	122,776	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	795	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,832	...	...	76,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,832	...	...	66,944	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	125	...	...	7,720	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	57,737	...	...	150,737	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	51,388	...	...	120,696	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	3,200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,911	...	...	139,805	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	47,451	...	...	112,119	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	40	...	...	3,595	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,770	...	...	174,487	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	69,757	...	...	138,677	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	25	...	...	835	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	93,885	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	78,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	150	65	85	2,635	1,275	1,355
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,784	22,720	23,104	52,128	58,859	45,952
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,315	21,696	22,464	44,992	49,690	40,247
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	170	100	70	2,635	1,280	1,355
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,467	30,109	26,226	66,585	77,992	55,841
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	25,540	26,049	24,845	53,451	60,909	46,426
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	550	255	290	25,640	12,645	12,990
In the bottom half of the distribution	425	185	235	6,745	3,150	3,590
In the bottom decile	130	60	70	1,150	540	610
In the second decile	135	65	75	1,065	460	605
In the third decile	60	25	35	1,190	540	650
In the fourth decile	50	20	25	1,510	705	805
In the fifth decile	50	20	30	1,830	900	930
In the top half of the distribution	120	65	55	18,895	9,495	9,400
In the sixth decile	25	15	15	2,350	1,160	1,195
In the seventh decile	40	20	20	2,910	1,440	1,470
In the eighth decile	25	15	10	3,465	1,710	1,750
In the ninth decile	15	10	5	4,300	2,145	2,150
In the top decile	15	10	5	5,870	3,045	2,825
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	550	255	295	25,640	12,650	12,990
0 to 17 years	135	65	70	6,395	3,235	3,155
0 to 5 years	60	35	30	2,360	1,185	1,170
18 to 64 years	255	120	135	16,450	8,070	8,380
65 years and over	155	70	90	2,795	1,340	1,455
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	220	105	120	1,450	645	805
0 to 17 years	80	40	35	490	240	250
0 to 5 years	40	20	15	180	90	90
18 to 64 years	80	40	45	820	360	460
65 years and over	65	30	35	140	45	95
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	40.0	41.2	40.7	5.7	5.1	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	59.3	61.5	50.0	7.7	7.4	7.9
0 to 5 years (%)	66.7	57.1	50.0	7.6	7.6	7.7
18 to 64 years (%)	31.4	33.3	33.3	5.0	4.5	5.5
65 years and over (%)	41.9	42.9	38.9	5.0	3.4	6.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	50	25	25	830	395	430
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	250	120	125
0 to 5 years	10	5	5	85	40	45
18 to 64 years	35	15	15	535	255	285
65 years and over	0	5	0	40	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.1	9.8	8.5	3.2	3.1	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	14.8	15.4	14.3	3.9	3.7	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	16.7	14.3	16.7	3.6	3.4	3.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.7	12.5	11.1	3.3	3.2	3.4
65 years and over (%)	0.0	7.1	0.0	1.4	1.1	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	575	295	280	25,640	12,650	12,990
Official languages	575	295	280	25,610	12,645	12,965
English	575	295	280	25,590	12,635	12,960
French	10	10	0	2,480	1,165	1,315
Non-official languages	85	40	45	2,740	1,240	1,500
Aboriginal languages	30	15	10	15	0	10
Algonquian languages	30	20	10	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	10
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	25	30	2,725	1,235	1,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	75	45	30
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	75	40	30
Amharic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	70	40	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	0	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	365	135	230
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	345	130	215
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	10	20	1,880	865	1,020
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	360	135	225
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages	10	0	0	345	135	215
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	50	10	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	80	30	55
Russian	0	0	0	90	30	65
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	50	25	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	75	40	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	10	15	700	360	335
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	20	30
Danish	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dutch	0	0	10	160	90	75
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	0	0	480	250	230
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swedish	10	0	0	10	15	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	20	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	770	335	430
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	0	0	0	90	40	60
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Romanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Spanish	0	0	0	640	285	360
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	65	40	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	50	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	35	15	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	80	30	50
Chinese languages	0	0	0	80	30	45
Cantonese	0	0	0	40	15	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	0	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	575	295	280	25,640	12,650	12,990
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	535	275	260	24,035	11,920	12,110
Canadian citizens aged under 18	160	85	75	6,180	3,130	3,050
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	375	195	180	17,850	8,790	9,065
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	40	15	20	1,610	730	880
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	580	300	280	25,640	12,650	12,990
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	510	260	250	22,085	10,935	11,155
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	60	40	25	3,255	1,595	1,660
Before 1981	20	10	10	850	425	430
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	255	120	135
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	455	200	255
2001 to 2010	20	10	0	985	525	460
2001 to 2005	10	0	0	205	110	95
2006 to 2010	10	10	0	775	410	365
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	20	10	10	715	330	380
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	10	295	120	175
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	65	35	25	3,260	1,595	1,665
Under 5 years	10	0	0	370	160	205
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	645	345	300
15 to 24 years	30	20	10	520	260	260
25 to 44 years	15	10	10	1,505	710	795
45 years and over	10	0	0	220	120	100
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	65	35	25	3,255	1,595	1,665
Americas	10	0	0	515	250	265
Brazil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mexico	0	0	0	35	10	25
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	330	165	165
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	80	30	45
Europe	25	15	10	2,050	1,025	1,020
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	25	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	200	90	110
Greece	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungary	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Italy	0	0	0	20	0	15
Netherlands	10	0	10	130	65	65
Poland	0	0	0	50	15	30
Portugal	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	35	15	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	40	10	30
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	1,280	675	610
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	175	95	80
Africa	10	10	0	125	55	70
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	35	15	25
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	30	15	25
Asia	25	15	10	510	220	290
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	25	15	10
India	10	10	0	20	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	70	30	35
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Philippines	10	10	0	230	90	140
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	70	25	45
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	55	40	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	10	710	330	385
Americas	0	0	0	85	40	50
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	15	10	15
Europe	0	0	0	335	185	150
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	255	145	110
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	40	25	15
Africa	0	0	0	25	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	10	10	240	80	165
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	10	0	10	160	50	105
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Australia	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	575	295	285	25,640	12,645	12,990
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	65	35	30	3,785	1,860	1,925
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	85	30	55	4,375	2,205	2,170
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	430	225	200	17,480	8,585	8,895
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	40	30	15	2,450	1,195	1,255
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	20	20	0	1,735	860	870
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	10	10	0	640	445	195
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	10	0	1,090	415	675
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	15	10	10	625	275	345
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	100	55	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	575	295	280	25,640	12,650	12,995
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	230	120	110	1,075	550	520
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	215	115	105	1,050	545	505
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	120	65	55	390	205	180
Métis	100	50	50	660	340	320
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	10	10	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	10	0	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	350	175	170	24,565	12,100	12,465
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	580	295	280	25,640	12,650	12,990
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	100	50	55	305	165	140
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	475	245	230	25,335	12,480	12,850
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	575	295	280	25,640	12,645	12,990
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	85	50	40	170	85	80
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	90	50	40	160	85	80
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	50	30	25	110	60	50
Métis single ancestry	40	20	20	45	20	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	150	80	70	1,235	620	620
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	125	70	55	1,185	595	590
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	45	40	520	260	265
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	20	655	340	320
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	10	50	15	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	35	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	340	165	175	24,235	11,950	12,285
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	575	295	285	25,640	12,650	12,990
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	40	25	15	1,550	730	820
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	10	0	220	110	110
Chinese	0	0	0	145	80	60
Black	10	0	0	180	75	105
Filipino	15	0	10	465	185	275
Latin American	10	0	0	140	75	65
Arab	0	0	0	80	50	35
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	75	25	55
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	50	40
Japanese	0	0	0	70	40	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	60	30	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	540	270	260	24,090	11,920	12,170
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	575	295	280	25,640	12,645	12,990
North American Aboriginal origins	235	130	110	1,405	700	705
First Nations (North American Indian)	160	85	70	690	350	345
Inuit	0	0	0	15	10	15
Métis	100	55	50	765	380	385
Other North American origins	80	55	25	7,720	3,875	3,845
Acadian	0	0	0	60	30	30
American	0	0	0	685	335	345
Canadian	75	45	30	7,235	3,640	3,595
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	95	30	55
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	410	195	215	21,555	10,555	11,000
British Isles origins	220	110	105	15,085	7,355	7,730
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	140	65	75	9,110	4,480	4,635
Irish	105	50	50	5,500	2,605	2,890
Manx	0	0	0	25	10	15
Scottish	140	65	75	6,810	3,295	3,510
Welsh	0	0	10	1,030	475	550
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	840	370	470
French origins	95	50	45	3,035	1,455	1,580
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	90	45	50	3,035	1,455	1,580
Western European origins (except French origins)	180	85	95	7,265	3,505	3,760
Austrian	0	0	0	370	170	195
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belgian	10	0	0	260	140	120
Dutch	15	10	0	1,660	785	870
Flemish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	10
German	160	70	90	5,570	2,680	2,895
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swiss	0	0	0	165	95	65
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	55	25	25	2,780	1,350	1,430
Danish	0	0	0	535	225	315
Finnish	0	0	0	240	140	95
Icelandic	25	10	10	145	65	80
Norwegian	15	10	15	1,340	655	685
Swedish	10	10	0	765	360	405
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	100	40	60
Eastern European origins	140	60	80	5,155	2,535	2,620
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Czech	0	0	0	210	110	100
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	410	210	200
Latvian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	95	50	45	1,380	615	765
Romanian	0	0	0	175	100	85
Russian	30	20	10	945	390	555
Slovak	0	0	0	155	95	55
Ukrainian	45	10	35	2,695	1,345	1,350
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins	0	0	0	1,605	755	850
Albanian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	105	40	60
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	140	65	75
Italian	0	0	0	845	415	430
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	75	65
Serbian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Spanish	0	0	0	310	130	180
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	50	20	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	10	0	0	140	65	80
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	10	55	30	25
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	65	25	45
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	235	125	115
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	70	45	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	345	185	160
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	35	10	25
Colombian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	0	20	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mexican	0	0	0	135	65	70
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	25	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	10	0	0	200	80	120
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	30	15	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	10	0	55	20	30
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	65	30	35
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	30	15	20
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	60	15	40
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	60	15	45
Asian origins	30	10	10	1,395	645	745
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	205	100	100
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	115	60	50
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	25	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	0	0	265	130	135
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	210	110	105
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	10	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	15	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	0	10	935	420	520
Burmese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese	0	0	0	210	105	105
Filipino	15	0	15	455	175	275
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Japanese	0	0	0	105	50	55
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	100	55	45
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	0	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	195	105	95
Australian	0	0	0	130	65	70
New Zealander	0	0	0	45	30	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
Owner	170	...	...	8,375	...	...
Renter	110	...	...	1,380	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	2,210	...	...
Not condominium	270	...	...	7,545	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	60	...	...	285	...	...
2 bedrooms	110	...	...	1,560	...	...
3 bedrooms	80	...	...	4,835	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	3,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	105	...	...	1,250	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	1,595	...	...
6 rooms	70	...	...	1,510	...	...
7 rooms	35	...	...	1,620	...	...
8 or more rooms	40	...	...	3,780	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.4	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	280	...	...	9,760	...	...
One person or fewer per room	270	...	...	9,690	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
Suitable	270	...	...	9,610	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	280	...	...	9,760	...	...
1960 or before	60	...	...	75	...	...
1961 to 1980	145	...	...	1,005	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	520	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	2,365	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	760	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	1,780	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	3,260	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	255	...	...	9,555	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
1 household maintainer	215	...	...	4,895	...	...
2 household maintainers	60	...	...	4,695	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	280	...	...	9,755	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	210	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	1,820	...	...
35 to 44 years	20	...	...	2,135	...	...
45 to 54 years	30	...	...	2,100	...	...
55 to 64 years	55	...	...	1,760	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	1,175	...	...
75 to 84 years	50	...	...	490	...	...
85 years and over	35	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	275	...	...	9,710	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	230	...	...	8,020	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	50	...	...	1,690	...	...
30% to less than 100%	45	...	...	1,500	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	165	...	...	8,350	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.5	...	...	73.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	18.2	...	...	14.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	433	...	...	1,762	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	591	...	...	1,705	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	119,963	...	...	448,984	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	137,078	...	...	465,460	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	110	...	...	1,380	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	39.1	...	...	6.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.4	...	...	36.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	403	...	...	1,512	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	534	...	...	1,498	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	435	215	220	20,150	9,870	10,280
No certificate, diploma or degree	170	105	60	2,260	1,200	1,065
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	150	45	100	5,045	2,400	2,645
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	125	60	60	12,840	6,270	6,570
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	20	10	2,010	1,565	440
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	10	630	380	240
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	20	20	0	1,385	1,180	200
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	45	10	30	5,050	2,080	2,975
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	570	215	360
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35	25	10	5,205	2,405	2,800
Bachelor's degree	15	10	0	3,775	1,675	2,095
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	285	135	150
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	10	0	85	45	40
Master's degree	15	10	0	930	465	465
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	130	90	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	205	100	100	14,620	7,160	7,460
No certificate, diploma or degree	50	40	10	830	455	375
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	70	25	45	3,220	1,570	1,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	85	45	45	10,560	5,130	5,430
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	10	10	1,620	1,280	340
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	0	495	310	190
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	15	0	1,125	970	155
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	30	0	20	4,120	1,715	2,400
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	480	190	295
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25	20	10	4,345	1,950	2,395
Bachelor's degree	15	10	0	3,170	1,360	1,800
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	210	90	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	70	35	40
Master's degree	10	10	0	790	390	395
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	105	70	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	435	215	220	20,150	9,870	10,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	315	155	160	7,305	3,600	3,710
Education	15	0	10	965	205	760
13. Education	15	0	15	965	205	755
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	425	140	290
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	75	50	20
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	355	90	265
Humanities	10	0	0	535	245	285
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	35	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	105	25	80
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	70	30	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	35	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	185	115	70
54. History	0	0	0	85	40	50
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	10	1,215	390	820
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	140	35	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	225	10	210
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	230	70	160
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	0	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	215	30	185
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	350	230	120
Business, management and public administration	15	10	10	2,545	995	1,545
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	135	25	110
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15	10	10	2,405	965	1,430
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	525	290	230
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	170	85	85
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	100	45	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	220	150	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	310	190	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	240	160	80
25. Library science	0	0	0	30	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	40	30	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	30	30	0	3,040	2,745	295
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	105	65	40
14. Engineering	0	0	0	540	470	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	10	0	700	580	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	10	0	790	765	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	10	0	700	670	25
48. Precision production	0	10	0	205	195	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	370	250	130
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	160	120	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	210	130	85
Health and related fields	35	10	25	2,150	430	1,725
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	235	125	105
51. Health professions and related programs	30	10	25	1,885	285	1,600
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	30	20	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	760	390	370
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	405	90	315
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	210	160	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	0	135	130	0
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	200	105	100	14,615	7,160	7,460
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	115	60	55	4,055	2,030	2,025
Education	10	0	15	710	125	585
13. Education	10	0	10	710	125	585
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	360	110	245
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	65	50	15
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	295	65	230
Humanities	0	10	0	420	210	215
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	30	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	70	20	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	55	30	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	30	25	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	150	95	55
54. History	0	0	0	80	35	45
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	0	1,045	325	715
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	125	30	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	180	10	175
22. Legal professions and studies	0	10	0	200	55	140
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	195	30	170
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	305	195	110
Business, management and public administration	10	0	10	2,090	810	1,280
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	125	20	100
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	10	1,970	790	1,180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	405	210	195
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	155	75	80
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	80	40	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	150	90	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	285	175	110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	225	150	80
25. Library science	0	0	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	20	20	0	2,525	2,250	275
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	95	60	35
14. Engineering	0	0	0	445	380	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	585	475	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	665	645	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	570	545	30
48. Precision production	10	0	0	165	155	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	310	195	110
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	125	90	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	185	110	75
Health and related fields	25	10	15	1,775	380	1,390
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	210	110	100
51. Health professions and related programs	25	0	15	1,530	255	1,275
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	30	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	10	640	335	305
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	310	60	245
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	195	150	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	125	115	10
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	435	220	220	20,150	9,870	10,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	315	155	160	7,310	3,600	3,705
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	120	65	55	12,840	6,265	6,570
Location of study inside Canada	105	50	55	10,940	5,300	5,645
Same as province or territory of residence	95	45	50	7,230	3,545	3,685
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	10	3,715	1,760	1,960
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	10	10	1,900	970	930
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	495	310	185
Philippines	0	0	0	185	50	135
India	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	610	330	275
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	10	10	0	580	255	325
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	205	100	100	14,620	7,160	7,455
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	115	65	50	4,055	2,030	2,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	90	40	45	10,565	5,130	5,430
Location of study inside Canada	75	35	40	8,970	4,365	4,610
Same as province or territory of residence	70	30	40	6,010	2,995	3,015
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	2,960	1,370	1,595
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	10	0	1,590	765	825
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	380	220	160
Philippines	0	0	0	175	50	130
India	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	515	275	240
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	0	10	0	495	210	285
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	440	215	220	20,150	9,870	10,275
In the labour force	170	105	65	14,975	7,910	7,070
Employed	150	95	60	13,925	7,325	6,605
Unemployed	15	15	10	1,050	585	470
Not in the labour force	265	110	155	5,170	1,960	3,210
Participation rate	38.6	48.8	29.5	74.3	80.1	68.8
Employment rate	34.1	44.2	27.3	69.1	74.2	64.3
Unemployment rate	8.8	14.3	15.4	7.0	7.4	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	435	220	220	20,145	9,870	10,280
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	260	125	135	4,405	1,620	2,790
Worked	175	95	80	15,740	8,250	7,490
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	70	40	35	8,015	4,870	3,155
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	105	50	50	7,725	3,380	4,345
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.9	38.0	40.0	42.8	43.9	41.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	170	105	65	14,975	7,910	7,065
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	195	80	115
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	170	105	65	14,785	7,830	6,950
Employee	155	100	60	12,890	6,730	6,160
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	15	10	0	1,890	1,100	795
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	175	105	65	14,975	7,910	7,065
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	195	80	115
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	170	100	65	14,785	7,830	6,950
0 Management occupations	15	0	0	1,930	1,275	650
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	15	0	15	2,150	605	1,545
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	10	0	1,230	980	255
3 Health occupations	25	15	10	1,145	225	925
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	10	15	1,925	720	1,205
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	405	120	285
6 Sales and service occupations	50	25	20	3,020	1,185	1,830
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	0	2,235	2,060	175
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	10	0	455	390	60
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	295	270	30
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	170	105	65	14,980	7,910	7,070
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	195	80	120
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	170	105	70	14,785	7,830	6,955
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	10	0	130	85	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	960	760	200
22 Utilities	0	0	0	185	150	35
23 Construction	30	25	0	1,550	1,375	175
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	680	580	105
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	370	270	105
44-45 Retail trade	10	0	10	1,440	690	750
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	0	0	840	520	320
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	245	145	105
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	10	410	150	260
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	235	115	120
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	1,225	685	535
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	35	25	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	10	515	255	260
61 Educational services	20	0	15	990	195	790
62 Health care and social assistance	35	20	20	1,715	230	1,485
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	355	205	150
72 Accommodation and food services	25	20	10	1,130	470	655
81 Other services (except public administration)	25	20	0	715	255	455
91 Public administration	10	0	10	1,060	660	400
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	155	95	60	13,925	7,325	6,605
Worked at home	10	0	10	1,090	495	590
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	60	50	10
No fixed workplace address	20	15	10	2,110	1,595	520
Worked at usual place	125	75	50	10,665	5,185	5,480
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	125	75	50	10,665	5,180	5,480
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	115	70	45	3,990	1,565	2,420
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	10	10	0	5,915	3,085	2,830
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	640	445	195
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	120	85	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	145	90	55	12,775	6,775	6,000
Car, truck, van - as a driver	90	55	40	11,030	5,890	5,145
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	0	545	215	330
Public transit	0	0	0	360	205	155
Walked	35	20	20	395	150	240
Bicycle	10	0	0	125	80	45
Other method	0	0	0	325	235	90
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	145	90	55	12,775	6,775	6,000
Less than 15 minutes	115	65	50	3,815	1,580	2,235
15 to 29 minutes	10	10	0	1,840	860	975
30 to 44 minutes	0	10	0	3,360	1,870	1,495
45 to 59 minutes	10	10	0	2,530	1,605	925
60 minutes and over	0	10	0	1,230	855	375
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	145	90	55	12,775	6,775	6,000
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	1,175	905	270
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	15	0	3,395	2,170	1,230
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40	20	15	3,250	1,680	1,565
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	75	40	30	2,030	705	1,325
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	1,190	460	730
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	0	1,735	850	885
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	195	115	85	16,115	8,410	7,710
Single responses	195	115	80	16,055	8,410	7,645
Official languages	195	115	80	16,025	8,400	7,625
English	190	115	80	15,955	8,390	7,570
French	0	0	0	70	10	65
Non-official languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	60	0	65
English and French	0	0	0	35	0	35
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	195	115	80	16,115	8,405	7,710
None	195	110	80	15,660	8,235	7,430
English	0	0	0	70	10	60
French	0	0	0	265	125	140
Non-official language	0	0	0	115	40	75
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	115	45	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	565	295	270	25,240	12,440	12,800
Non-movers	520	260	260	20,835	10,290	10,540
Movers	40	30	10	4,410	2,150	2,255
Non-migrants	20	10	0	1,645	780	870
Migrants	25	15	10	2,760	1,375	1,385
Internal migrants	20	15	10	2,600	1,275	1,330
Intraprovincial migrants	20	15	10	2,095	1,040	1,050
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	500	230	270
External migrants	0	0	0	165	105	65
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	530	260	270	23,670	11,650	12,015
Non-movers	365	170	200	10,370	5,115	5,255
Movers	170	95	70	13,300	6,535	6,760
Non-migrants	70	35	35	3,825	1,815	2,010
Migrants	100	60	45	9,475	4,715	4,755
Internal migrants	95	55	40	8,455	4,215	4,240
Intraprovincial migrants	85	45	45	6,375	3,195	3,180
Interprovincial migrants	10	10	0	2,080	1,015	1,055
External migrants	0	10	0	1,020	505	515

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Ashern, LUD [Designated place], Manitoba and Cochrane, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ashern, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba and Cochrane, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Ashern, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba and Cochrane, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ashern, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba and Cochrane, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta