Census Profile, 2016 Census
Portage--Lisgar [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Portage--Lisgar Manitoba [Federal electoral district]			Keremeos British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Portage--Lisgar [Federal electoral district], Manitoba Map : Portage--Lisgar [Federal electoral district], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	97,354	...	...	1,714	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	91,019	...	...	1,479^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.0	...	...	15.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	35,539	...	...	874	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	33,877	...	...	816	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.8	...	...	602.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	12,509.09	...	...	2.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	97,355	48,550	48,805	1,715	825	890
0 to 14 years	22,765	11,730	11,030	180	90	90
0 to 4 years	7,770	4,000	3,765	50	25	25
5 to 9 years	7,740	3,995	3,745	60	30	35
10 to 14 years	7,255	3,735	3,520	70	40	25
15 to 64 years	60,515	30,420	30,095	775	370	405
15 to 19 years	7,210	3,815	3,400	70	35	35
20 to 24 years	6,270	3,290	2,980	30	15	15
25 to 29 years	5,870	2,915	2,955	50	25	25
30 to 34 years	5,970	2,965	3,005	55	25	25
35 to 39 years	5,680	2,765	2,915	60	30	30
40 to 44 years	5,635	2,815	2,815	55	25	30
45 to 49 years	5,700	2,835	2,865	65	30	35
50 to 54 years	6,455	3,185	3,275	100	50	50
55 to 59 years	6,390	3,180	3,210	125	55	70
60 to 64 years	5,325	2,650	2,685	165	75	90
65 years and over	14,070	6,405	7,670	765	365	395
65 to 69 years	4,340	2,180	2,160	230	105	125
70 to 74 years	3,230	1,540	1,685	175	85	90
75 to 79 years	2,595	1,200	1,395	135	75	60
80 to 84 years	1,745	765	975	110	60	45
85 years and over	2,165	710	1,450	105	35	70
85 to 89 years	1,270	450	820	65	20	40
90 to 94 years	670	205	465	30	10	20
95 to 99 years	190	45	145	10	5	10
100 years and over	30	10	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.4	24.2	22.6	10.5	10.9	10.1
15 to 64 years	62.2	62.7	61.7	45.2	44.8	45.5
65 years and over	14.5	13.2	15.7	44.6	44.2	44.4
85 years and over	2.2	1.5	3.0	6.1	4.2	7.9
Average age of the population	37.2	36.1	38.2	55.2	54.3	56.1
Median age of the population	35.5	34.3	36.8	62.3	61.7	62.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	33,880	...	...	815	...	...
Single-detached house	26,855	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	475	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,305	...	...	145	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,210	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	1,645	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	175	...	...	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,205	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	75	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,240	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	33,880	...	...	815	...	...
1 person	8,010	...	...	260	...	...
2 persons	11,960	...	...	410	...	...
3 persons	4,435	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	4,810	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	4,660	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	91,545	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	74,590	36,820	37,770	1,535	735	800
Married or living common law	47,445	23,755	23,690	975	485	490
Married	43,060	21,575	21,485	850	420	430
Living common law	4,385	2,180	2,205	120	60	60
Not married and not living common law	27,145	13,065	14,085	560	250	310
Never married	18,990	10,495	8,495	225	130	95
Separated	1,410	635	775	40	20	20
Divorced	2,600	1,150	1,450	125	60	60
Widowed	4,145	780	3,365	170	40	130
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25,465	...	...	550	...	...
2 persons	12,170	...	...	430	...	...
3 persons	4,385	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	4,710	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	4,195	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25,465	...	...	545	...	...
Total couple families	22,505	...	...	475	...	...
Married couples	20,310	...	...	415	...	...
Common-law couples	2,190	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,965	...	...	70	...	...
Female parent	2,285	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	680	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	22,500	...	...	475	...	...
Couples without children	10,525	...	...	375	...	...
Couples with children	11,975	...	...	100	...	...
1 child	3,595	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	4,375	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	4,010	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,965	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	1,645	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	790	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	525	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,120	5,370	5,750	340	145	195
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	33,875	...	...	815	...	...
One-census-family households	24,680	...	...	525	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,295	...	...	365	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,390	...	...	160	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	385	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,810	...	...	285	...	...
One-person households	8,010	...	...	255	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	795	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	96,220	48,090	48,130	1,680	815	865
English only	87,525	43,965	43,565	1,575	765	805
French only	75	30	40	0	0	5
English and French	6,885	3,250	3,635	75	35	40
Neither English nor French	1,735	840	890	25	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	96,220	48,090	48,130	1,680	815	870
English	91,105	45,525	45,585	1,615	780	830
French	3,285	1,685	1,600	35	15	20
English and French	125	55	70	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,700	825	875	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	3,350	1,710	1,635	40	20	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.5	3.6	3.4	2.4	2.5	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	96,220	48,090	48,125	1,680	815	865
Single responses	94,650	47,330	47,320	1,665	800	855
Official languages	68,070	34,180	33,890	1,480	720	765
English	64,585	32,410	32,175	1,435	695	740
French	3,480	1,775	1,710	40	20	25
Non-official languages	26,585	13,150	13,430	180	90	90
Aboriginal languages	380	155	225	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	335	130	205	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	300	120	185	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	295	115	180	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dakota	35	20	15	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	26,210	12,995	13,210	175	85	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	175	100	75	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	160	90	75	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	135	75	65	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	670	335	335	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	15	20	0	0	0
Fijian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	595	300	295	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	65	35	30	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	24,830	12,290	12,545	155	80	75
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,140	1,080	1,065	25	5	15
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,135	1,075	1,060	25	5	15
Belarusan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	40	35	5	0	0
Russian	1,600	825	780	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	395	180	215	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	5	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	21,820	10,760	11,065	50	30	20
Afrikaans	45	25	20	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	355	180	180	15	10	5
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	21,300	10,500	10,800	35	15	15
Icelandic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	70	25	45	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	345	185	160	60	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages	310	170	140	60	35	25
Bengali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	25	15	0	5	0
Hindi	20	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	180	95	90	55	30	25
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	490	245	245	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	25	15	5	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	30	10	5	5
Romanian	20	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	380	190	190	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	45	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	75	85	5	0	5
Chinese languages	145	65	80	0	0	5
Cantonese	45	25	20	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	25	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	20	15	10	0	5
Lao	25	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	5	0
Hungarian	25	15	15	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,565	755	805	20	10	10
English and French	260	125	135	5	0	0
English and non-official language	1,290	615	675	15	10	5
French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	96,220	48,090	48,130	1,680	810	870
Single responses	92,975	46,540	46,435	1,655	800	855
Official languages	79,890	40,015	39,875	1,575	760	815
English	78,460	39,295	39,160	1,560	755	805
French	1,430	720	710	20	5	10
Non-official languages	13,085	6,525	6,560	80	40	40
Aboriginal languages	60	20	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	45	20	30	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,025	6,500	6,525	80	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	135	85	55	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	125	75	50	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	110	70	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	355	205	155	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	15	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	335	190	145	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,235	6,065	6,165	75	35	35
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,115	575	540	0	0	5
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,110	575	535	0	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Russian	970	505	470	0	0	5
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10,555	5,195	5,360	15	5	5
Afrikaans	25	10	10	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	60	30	30	5	5	5
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	10,055	4,935	5,120	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	410	205	195	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	255	135	120	55	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	235	125	105	50	30	25
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	5
Hindi	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	150	75	70	50	30	20
Sindhi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	300	160	140	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	10	5	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	260	135	120	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	70	35	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	50	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	35	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	10	5	5	10
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,245	1,550	1,695	25	10	15
English and French	180	85	95	0	0	0
English and non-official language	3,035	1,445	1,590	25	10	10
French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	96,215	48,090	48,130	1,675	815	865
None	80,670	40,345	40,325	1,590	760	825
English	6,405	3,210	3,200	25	15	15
French	1,520	750	770	15	10	0
Non-official language	7,430	3,685	3,740	50	25	25
Aboriginal	400	185	215	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,025	3,500	3,525	45	20	20
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	165	85	80	10	5	5
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	70,235	34,850	35,390	1,485	710	765
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,175	33,365	33,810	1,440	695	745
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,344	41,373	26,249	23,592	27,392	21,365
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,185	33,365	33,815	1,445	700	745
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,738	36,032	24,173	22,528	25,328	20,944
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,605	31,750	29,855	1,190	590	600
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,359	39,429	23,273	16,907	20,800	13,536
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,395	20,780	26,615	1,235	575	660
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,102	2,055	6,286	12,395	13,968	11,456
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,425	28,215	24,210	760	390	375
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,948	39,225	24,394	15,760	15,019	16,096
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	70,220	34,775	35,440	1,420	695	730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,010	33,085	33,915	1,390	680	715
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,917	48,492	33,527	31,448	37,909	25,322
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,015	33,090	33,925	1,390	675	715
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,229	39,738	28,855	27,948	33,069	23,091
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,595	31,505	30,095	1,165	590	580
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,934	46,762	30,737	26,002	32,132	19,733
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,330	20,560	26,770	1,230	570	655
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,258	6,383	7,930	11,030	11,949	10,239
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,435	28,010	24,420	730	385	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,454	45,624	30,231	27,746	32,764	22,221
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	70,215	34,775	35,440	1,420	690	730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	26,255	16,590	9,660	195	120	80
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,143	49,319	40,148	46,436	52,314	39,697
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,566	58,198	45,611	50,190	55,957	41,495
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.5	91.8	81.2	69.2	72.2	64.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.5	78.9	65.6	44.2	45.4	42.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.5	8.2	18.8	31.1	27.5	35.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	70,240	34,850	35,390	1,480	710	770
Without total income	3,065	1,485	1,575	40	15	20
With total income	67,175	33,365	33,810	1,440	695	745
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.7	95.5	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,945	3,465	5,475	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	11,285	3,950	7,330	410	165	245
$20,000 to $29,999	10,160	3,995	6,160	305	145	165
$30,000 to $39,999	9,325	4,555	4,770	165	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	8,560	4,960	3,600	115	60	55
$50,000 to $59,999	5,705	3,595	2,110	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	3,825	2,475	1,345	65	35	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,885	1,920	965	25	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,050	1,285	770	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,235	805	430	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	3,200	2,355	845	35	30	5
$100,000 to $149,999	2,260	1,630	630	25	25	5
$150,000 and over	940	725	220	10	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	70,235	34,850	35,390	1,485	715	770
Without after-tax income	3,055	1,480	1,570	40	15	25
With after-tax income	67,185	33,365	33,815	1,445	700	745
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.7	95.5	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,240	3,545	5,690	195	80	115
$10,000 to $19,999	12,120	4,340	7,780	420	180	240
$20,000 to $29,999	12,545	5,175	7,365	330	150	180
$30,000 to $39,999	11,600	6,260	5,340	185	95	90
$40,000 to $49,999	8,410	5,220	3,195	125	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	5,120	3,325	1,790	85	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	3,470	2,195	1,270	45	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,840	1,195	645	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	2,840	2,110	730	35	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	980	705	270	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	580	430	150	5	10	0
$100,000 and over	1,275	965	310	20	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	70,235	34,845	35,390	1,485	710	770
Without employment income	17,810	6,630	11,180	725	325	395
With employment income	52,430	28,220	24,210	765	385	375
Percentage with employment income	74.6	81.0	68.4	51.5	54.2	48.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,450	2,795	3,655	220	105	110
$5,000 to $9,999	4,300	1,795	2,510	90	50	40
$10,000 to $19,999	7,205	3,105	4,105	125	65	60
$20,000 to $29,999	6,790	2,930	3,865	80	35	45
$30,000 to $39,999	7,060	3,770	3,295	70	30	40
$40,000 to $49,999	6,240	3,860	2,370	45	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	4,200	2,865	1,340	35	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	2,885	1,960	925	35	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,215	1,525	690	15	15	5
$80,000 and over	5,075	3,615	1,460	50	35	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,690	1,070	615	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	990	665	325	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	2,395	1,880	515	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	33,880	...	...	815	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,392	...	...	43,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,804	...	...	41,344	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,015	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,292	...	...	23,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,094	...	...	23,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	25,865	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,244	...	...	55,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,699	...	...	50,603	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	33,875	...	...	795	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,934	...	...	54,946	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	67,709	...	...	48,829	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,080	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,204	...	...	31,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,380	...	...	28,538	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	25,795	...	...	540	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,003	...	...	66,256	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,461	...	...	58,603	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	33,875	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	460	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	430	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	615	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,210	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,515	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,265	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,510	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,590	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,555	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,535	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,175	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,785	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,660	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,380	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,935	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,255	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,630	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,315	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,000	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,310	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	33,875	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	505	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	430	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	650	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,285	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,715	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,530	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,820	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,910	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,860	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,910	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,725	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,320	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,885	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,350	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,885	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,090	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,045	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,515	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,520	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	25,390	...	...	545	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,937	...	...	54,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,470	...	...	50,475	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,160	...	...	355	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,152	...	...	50,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,820	...	...	47,488	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	12,025	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,566	...	...	87,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	80,835	...	...	79,360	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.4	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,720	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,688	...	...	42,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,410	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	25,360	...	...	510	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,759	...	...	66,078	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,200	...	...	58,397	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,105	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,359	...	...	60,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,932	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	12,060	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,322	...	...	97,047	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,827	...	...	82,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,690	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,610	...	...	46,758	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,262	...	...	43,162	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,560	4,615	4,945	300	130	175
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,674	36,224	28,187	23,501	23,328	23,872
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,519	31,364	26,288	23,040	22,848	23,360
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,550	4,545	5,005	335	145	195
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,138	41,341	35,230	30,027	31,363	29,031
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,543	34,481	30,782	27,173	27,821	26,689
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	91,545	45,850	45,690	1,660	805	855
In the bottom half of the distribution	55,635	27,340	28,295	1,200	580	625
In the bottom decile	8,625	4,270	4,355	215	105	115
In the second decile	13,155	6,150	7,005	320	150	170
In the third decile	12,435	6,095	6,335	235	115	120
In the fourth decile	10,960	5,490	5,465	210	105	110
In the fifth decile	10,460	5,335	5,125	215	105	110
In the top half of the distribution	35,915	18,510	17,400	455	225	230
In the sixth decile	9,055	4,675	4,380	160	80	80
In the seventh decile	8,590	4,420	4,170	95	45	50
In the eighth decile	7,525	3,875	3,650	70	35	35
In the ninth decile	6,345	3,260	3,090	80	40	35
In the top decile	4,400	2,280	2,115	55	30	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	89,735	44,920	44,810	1,660	805	855
0 to 17 years	24,795	12,860	11,935	220	120	105
0 to 5 years	8,450	4,380	4,065	60	30	30
18 to 64 years	52,350	26,190	26,160	725	340	385
65 years and over	12,590	5,875	6,720	715	350	370
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	14,340	6,775	7,565	385	180	205
0 to 17 years	5,645	2,920	2,720	65	40	20
0 to 5 years	2,315	1,205	1,110	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	6,570	3,090	3,485	165	65	100
65 years and over	2,130	760	1,365	155	75	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.0	15.1	16.9	23.2	22.4	24.0
0 to 17 years (%)	22.8	22.7	22.8	29.5	33.3	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	27.4	27.5	27.3	25.0	33.3	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.6	11.8	13.3	22.8	19.1	26.0
65 years and over (%)	16.9	12.9	20.3	21.7	21.4	23.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,990	1,995	2,000	110	50	60
0 to 17 years	1,255	665	595	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	510	275	240	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,505	1,225	1,285	75	35	45
65 years and over	230	105	120	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.4	4.5	6.6	6.2	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	5.1	5.2	5.0	6.8	4.2	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	6.0	6.3	5.9	8.3	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	4.7	4.9	10.3	10.3	11.7
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.8	1.8	2.1	1.4	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	91,545	45,825	45,720	1,580	795	785
Official languages	90,030	45,070	44,960	1,560	780	780
English	89,960	45,045	44,915	1,560	780	780
French	6,850	3,330	3,520	45	15	25
Non-official languages	26,145	12,955	13,195	220	100	120
Aboriginal languages	710	325	380	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	635	280	355	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	0	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	30	30	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	570	250	320	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	555	245	310	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	20	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	80	45	30	0	0	0
Dakota	75	45	30	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25,440	12,625	12,815	215	95	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	280	180	95	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bilen	15	15	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	275	180	100	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	200	125	75	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	55	35	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	15	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	890	450	435	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	50	35	15	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	865	440	430	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	140	85	55	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	55	30	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	23,710	11,710	12,005	200	95	110
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,850	1,400	1,455	35	10	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,850	1,395	1,455	35	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	10	10	10
Czech	20	15	10	15	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	65	25	0	0	0
Russian	2,435	1,210	1,225	0	0	10
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	10	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	520	230	290	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	21,115	10,420	10,695	80	35	50
Afrikaans	85	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	380	195	185	20	10	15
Frisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
German	19,800	9,740	10,060	60	30	30
Icelandic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	20	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	1,970	1,000	970	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	395	195	205	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	375	180	190	60	35	20
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	205	110	95	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	160	75	90	55	35	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	55	20	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	10	20	0	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	15	20	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,560	925	635	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	45	60	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,430	860	565	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	150	85	65	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	125	80	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	40	25	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	25	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	140	45	100	0	0	0
American Sign Language	65	20	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	20	55	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Lao	25	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	25	10	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	20	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	91,550	45,825	45,720	1,580	790	785
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	84,860	42,420	42,445	1,565	790	780
Canadian citizens aged under 18	24,000	12,470	11,525	190	120	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	60,865	29,945	30,920	1,375	665	710
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,685	3,410	3,280	15	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	91,545	45,825	45,725	1,580	795	785
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	77,505	38,725	38,775	1,355	705	650
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	13,250	6,650	6,595	215	80	130
Before 1981	2,610	1,255	1,365	140	45	95
1981 to 1990	1,085	570	515	25	10	10
1991 to 2000	1,600	830	775	30	25	0
2001 to 2010	5,115	2,515	2,605	20	10	15
2001 to 2005	1,900	980	925	20	10	10
2006 to 2010	3,215	1,535	1,680	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,835	1,485	1,345	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	795	445	345	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	13,250	6,650	6,600	215	85	130
Under 5 years	2,270	1,185	1,085	30	20	0
5 to 14 years	3,760	1,900	1,860	40	0	35
15 to 24 years	2,420	1,180	1,235	70	25	45
25 to 44 years	3,845	1,875	1,970	60	15	45
45 years and over	955	505	445	15	15	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	13,250	6,650	6,600	215	85	130
Americas	6,050	2,990	3,055	40	20	20
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	30	20	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	4,355	2,210	2,145	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	15	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	620	225	395	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	955	495	465	0	10	0
Europe	4,455	2,260	2,195	120	45	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	105	60	50	0	10	0
Germany	2,020	1,000	1,015	30	10	20
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Italy	10	10	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	265	140	125	10	0	10
Poland	50	30	15	0	0	0
Portugal	35	10	20	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	1,025	510	520	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	260	145	120	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	405	205	200	45	15	35
Other places of birth in Europe	225	135	90	30	20	10
Africa	290	180	105	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kenya	20	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	30	15	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	85	45	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	65	25	0	0	0
Asia	2,440	1,195	1,245	50	20	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	60	20	40	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	10	0	0	0
India	300	150	150	25	20	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	60	35	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	25	20	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	760	380	385	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	70	50	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,060	490	570	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,830	1,485	1,350	0	0	0
Americas	835	385	450	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	510	240	265	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	125	55	80	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	160	70	90	0	0	0
Europe	670	360	305	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	240	115	125	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	220	110	110	0	0	0
Ukraine	80	50	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	85	70	20	0	0	0
Africa	105	75	30	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	15	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,215	665	555	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	170	90	80	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	20	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	485	275	205	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	70	50	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	385	185	200	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	91,545	45,825	45,725	1,580	795	785
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	14,820	7,475	7,340	240	95	145
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	15,635	7,595	8,040	380	200	185
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	61,090	30,755	30,335	960	505	460
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10,845	5,510	5,335	75	40	35
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	7,300	3,745	3,555	15	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,980	1,505	475	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	5,325	2,245	3,080	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,885	1,370	1,515	60	30	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	560	365	195	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	95	30	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	91,545	45,825	45,720	1,585	795	790
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10,475	5,030	5,440	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10,330	4,975	5,355	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	5,145	2,435	2,710	20	10	10
Métis	5,155	2,520	2,635	40	15	20
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	95	35	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	81,070	40,795	40,280	1,520	765	760
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	91,545	45,825	45,725	1,580	795	785
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	4,910	2,340	2,575	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	86,635	43,485	43,150	1,555	785	780
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	91,545	45,820	45,720	1,585	795	785
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	4,440	2,225	2,215	20	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	4,355	2,195	2,160	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	3,370	1,665	1,700	20	0	10
Métis single ancestry	975	520	455	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	85	35	55	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	80	30	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	6,650	3,085	3,570	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,360	2,955	3,405	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,890	870	1,025	15	10	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,450	2,085	2,365	45	25	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	290	125	165	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	285	125	160	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	80,455	40,515	39,940	1,505	755	745
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	91,545	45,825	45,725	1,580	795	790
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,950	1,610	1,335	110	65	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	555	285	270	60	35	20
Chinese	175	80	90	0	0	0
Black	430	295	130	10	15	0
Filipino	930	475	455	0	0	10
Latin American	220	105	115	0	0	0
Arab	160	105	55	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	45	25	20	0	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	75	35	40	20	10	15
Korean	160	85	70	0	0	0
Japanese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	80	55	30	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	70	35	30	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	88,595	44,215	44,385	1,465	735	735
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	91,545	45,825	45,720	1,580	795	785
North American Aboriginal origins	11,090	5,305	5,785	75	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,625	2,695	2,935	35	15	15
Inuit	35	15	30	0	0	0
Métis	5,800	2,760	3,040	45	25	20
Other North American origins	25,930	13,010	12,920	445	220	220
Acadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
American	740	330	410	50	25	30
Canadian	25,485	12,815	12,670	400	195	200
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	70,590	34,985	35,600	1,310	650	665
British Isles origins	26,495	12,930	13,565	880	410	470
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	16,135	7,875	8,255	620	270	345
Irish	9,735	4,555	5,180	315	115	200
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	13,245	6,250	6,995	385	185	205
Welsh	810	345	460	50	10	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	815	375	440	25	10	10
French origins	10,060	4,965	5,095	215	120	95
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	20	10	15	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,065	4,965	5,100	210	115	95
Western European origins (except French origins)	38,395	19,075	19,320	425	225	200
Austrian	650	350	300	25	15	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	2,755	1,405	1,355	0	0	10
Dutch	8,755	4,340	4,420	90	45	45
Flemish	100	80	20	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	29,800	14,705	15,095	305	170	135
Luxembourger	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	885	445	440	25	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,885	1,885	2,005	205	85	115
Danish	355	170	190	30	10	20
Finnish	150	80	70	60	35	25
Icelandic	1,310	665	645	20	10	15
Norwegian	1,195	560	635	40	15	20
Swedish	1,020	470	545	65	30	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	115	65	50	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	22,075	10,955	11,120	280	145	135
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Czech	330	135	195	25	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	125	95	30	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	380	190	190	10	10	10
Latvian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Moldovan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Polish	3,320	1,585	1,735	30	15	20
Romanian	165	80	80	30	15	10
Russian	12,530	6,395	6,130	80	35	50
Slovak	65	40	20	10	10	0
Ukrainian	8,230	4,005	4,225	155	80	70
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,475	685	790	70	45	20
Albanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	45	55	10	10	0
Italian	645	330	315	30	25	0
Kosovar	15	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	205	75	130	15	0	10
Serbian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	455	205	250	10	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	430	220	210	10	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	190	95	90	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	220	110	105	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	295	175	125	10	15	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	45	30	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	70	55	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	60	45	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	45	20	20	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	5,450	2,835	2,620	0	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	0	15	0	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	70	40	25	0	0	0
Bolivian	110	75	35	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	25	25	10	0	0	0
Colombian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	20	10	15	0	0	0
Maya	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	5,015	2,610	2,410	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	210	80	125	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	25	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	40	20	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	40	25	15	0	0	0
African origins	525	315	210	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	110	75	35	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	80	55	25	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	100	65	30	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Libyan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	150	80	70	0	0	0
Afrikaner	30	10	20	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	10	0	0	0
South African	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	165	90	75	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	130	70	55	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,700	1,415	1,285	110	50	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	600	330	270	20	10	15
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	115	80	35	0	0	0
Armenian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	60	50	10	20	0	15
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	20	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	180	85	95	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	55	30	20	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	110	60	55	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	25	10	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins	615	320	295	65	35	25
Bangladeshi	15	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	515	280	240	65	35	30
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	55	20	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,495	775	725	25	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	205	100	105	0	0	0
Filipino	1,005	525	475	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	165	85	75	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	15	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	35	20	10	10	0
Australian	25	15	15	10	0	10
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	15	0	10	10	0
Fijian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	33,880	...	...	800	...	...
Owner	26,355	...	...	625	...	...
Renter	7,055	...	...	175	...	...
Band housing	465	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	33,880	...	...	800	...	...
Condominium	1,800	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	32,075	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	33,880	...	...	795	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,660	...	...	70	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,365	...	...	315	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,570	...	...	295	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,160	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	33,875	...	...	795	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,085	...	...	225	...	...
5 rooms	4,790	...	...	210	...	...
6 rooms	4,995	...	...	135	...	...
7 rooms	4,610	...	...	90	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,405	...	...	130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	33,875	...	...	795	...	...
One person or fewer per room	33,300	...	...	800	...	...
More than 1 person per room	575	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	33,880	...	...	795	...	...
Suitable	32,615	...	...	780	...	...
Not suitable	1,260	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	33,875	...	...	795	...	...
1960 or before	7,870	...	...	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,370	...	...	215	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,115	...	...	70	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,745	...	...	165	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,055	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,900	...	...	90	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,815	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	33,875	...	...	800	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	31,600	...	...	760	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,275	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	33,875	...	...	795	...	...
1 household maintainer	20,635	...	...	470	...	...
2 household maintainers	12,805	...	...	325	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	440	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	33,880	...	...	800	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,270	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,475	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,700	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,410	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,460	...	...	165	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,465	...	...	230	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,810	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	1,285	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	31,470	...	...	790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	26,715	...	...	605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,750	...	...	185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,310	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	24,630	...	...	615	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.6	...	...	46.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.1	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	889	...	...	527	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	996	...	...	694	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	230,088	...	...	250,742	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	258,149	...	...	277,246	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,930	...	...	175	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.7	...	...	22.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.8	...	...	51.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	746	...	...	748	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	771	...	...	751	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	70,220	34,775	35,440	1,425	690	725
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,630	11,780	9,855	390	190	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,675	10,040	10,635	410	200	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,910	12,960	14,950	625	305	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,585	3,920	1,670	180	145	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,655	1,575	1,080	75	50	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,935	2,345	590	105	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,545	4,270	7,275	300	90	205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,390	1,195	1,185	50	20	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,395	3,570	4,830	100	45	50
Bachelor's degree	6,190	2,555	3,645	60	20	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	875	345	535	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	105	95	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,005	490	510	20	20	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	120	75	45	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	44,730	22,200	22,535	670	305	365
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,900	5,825	4,075	155	75	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,555	6,540	7,010	220	110	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,280	9,840	11,445	295	120	170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,050	2,875	1,180	80	50	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,820	1,095	725	40	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,230	1,780	455	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,770	3,325	5,440	145	45	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,620	860	760	30	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,840	2,780	4,055	45	25	25
Bachelor's degree	5,065	2,025	3,045	35	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	675	250	425	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	185	85	100	0	0	0
Master's degree	815	360	455	0	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	90	55	35	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	70,215	34,780	35,440	1,420	695	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	42,305	21,815	20,485	800	390	410
Education	3,255	805	2,450	40	15	25
13. Education	3,260	810	2,450	40	15	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	555	255	305	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	115	25	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	415	140	280	10	0	0
Humanities	1,295	610	680	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	15	45	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	105	45	65	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	295	100	200	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	60	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	560	295	260	0	0	0
54. History	140	75	65	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,950	470	1,485	35	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	50	40	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	765	20	740	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	280	50	225	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	25	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	295	90	200	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	450	220	225	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	4,605	1,530	3,075	100	25	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	410	80	325	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,180	1,440	2,735	85	25	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	455	215	240	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	180	75	110	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	160	90	65	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	60	35	20	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	515	275	240	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	410	260	145	0	0	0
25. Library science	55	10	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	10	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,655	5,390	265	170	165	10
04. Architecture and related services	65	50	15	10	10	0
14. Engineering	505	425	80	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	845	760	85	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,450	1,440	15	40	35	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,145	2,090	50	80	85	0
48. Precision production	645	620	25	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,175	1,745	425	65	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,085	1,685	400	40	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	60	30	20	20	0
Health and related fields	5,710	795	4,915	140	10	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	235	120	115	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,430	650	4,780	130	10	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	20	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,735	860	880	45	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,080	235	840	35	15	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	285	255	30	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	350	345	10	10	0	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	44,735	22,200	22,530	665	305	365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,455	12,365	11,085	375	180	195
Education	2,220	565	1,655	20	0	20
13. Education	2,225	560	1,660	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	395	160	230	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	85	60	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	305	100	205	0	0	0
Humanities	910	420	485	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	10	40	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	80	25	55	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	185	75	110	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	35	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	405	215	190	0	0	0
54. History	100	45	55	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,610	355	1,255	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	35	40	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	620	20	605	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	230	35	205	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	15	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	235	65	170	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	370	185	190	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	3,665	1,255	2,410	55	10	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	370	70	300	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,285	1,175	2,105	50	0	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	345	150	195	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	60	95	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	60	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	20	20	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	440	235	205	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	355	225	130	0	0	0
25. Library science	40	10	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	0	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,410	4,175	225	85	75	0
04. Architecture and related services	40	25	10	0	10	0
14. Engineering	450	385	60	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	655	585	75	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,110	1,095	10	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,635	1,585	50	40	35	0
48. Precision production	515	500	20	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,700	1,315	385	20	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,625	1,265	355	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	50	25	10	10	0
Health and related fields	4,295	575	3,720	60	0	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	185	90	90	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,075	470	3,610	55	0	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	15	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,300	630	670	15	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	795	155	640	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	230	205	25	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	265	260	0	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	70,215	34,780	35,440	1,420	690	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,305	21,820	20,485	800	390	410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	27,915	12,960	14,950	625	300	320
Location of study inside Canada	24,710	11,305	13,410	560	270	290
Same as province or territory of residence	21,760	9,745	12,015	405	200	210
Different than province or territory of residence	2,945	1,555	1,390	150	70	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,205	1,660	1,545	65	35	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	525	280	245	15	15	0
Philippines	450	190	260	10	0	0
India	205	95	115	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	140	80	55	20	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	10	20	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other	1,840	995	840	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	44,735	22,205	22,530	670	305	360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,455	12,365	11,085	380	185	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	21,280	9,840	11,445	295	120	175
Location of study inside Canada	18,470	8,415	10,050	280	115	165
Same as province or territory of residence	16,265	7,295	8,965	220	95	125
Different than province or territory of residence	2,200	1,120	1,080	60	25	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,815	1,420	1,395	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	380	165	210	0	0	0
Philippines	435	190	240	0	0	0
India	185	85	95	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	100	60	40	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	10	20	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other	1,675	900	775	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	70,215	34,775	35,440	1,420	690	730
In the labour force	47,745	26,405	21,340	615	340	270
Employed	45,125	24,920	20,200	515	295	220
Unemployed	2,620	1,480	1,135	95	40	55
Not in the labour force	22,475	8,375	14,100	810	350	455
Participation rate	68.0	75.9	60.2	43.3	49.3	37.0
Employment rate	64.3	71.7	57.0	36.3	42.8	30.1
Unemployment rate	5.5	5.6	5.3	15.4	11.8	20.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	70,220	34,780	35,440	1,420	690	730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	19,615	7,230	12,385	775	365	410
Worked	50,600	27,545	23,055	645	330	315
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	27,005	17,055	9,955	210	130	85
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	23,595	10,490	13,105	435	205	235
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	44.2	42.1	37.1	38.2	35.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	47,740	26,400	21,340	615	340	270
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	550	230	320	20	25	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	47,190	26,175	21,015	590	320	275
Employee	39,830	21,225	18,610	480	250	235
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,360	4,945	2,410	110	65	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	47,740	26,400	21,335	610	340	275
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	555	230	325	25	25	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	47,190	26,175	21,015	590	315	270
0 Management occupations	6,560	4,710	1,845	50	40	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,530	1,470	4,065	75	15	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,565	1,240	320	20	15	0
3 Health occupations	3,580	500	3,075	45	0	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,255	1,490	3,760	50	0	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	705	285	415	0	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	8,915	3,325	5,585	120	55	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,300	8,805	495	130	105	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,470	1,860	610	70	45	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,315	2,485	835	35	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	47,740	26,405	21,340	615	340	275
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	555	230	320	25	25	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	47,190	26,175	21,015	590	315	275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	5,680	4,170	1,515	65	40	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	105	105	0	15	15	0
22 Utilities	330	255	75	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,035	3,615	425	65	55	10
31-33 Manufacturing	5,925	4,610	1,320	45	45	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,780	1,410	365	20	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,725	2,315	2,410	70	35	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,335	1,980	355	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	435	220	220	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,385	495	895	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	365	210	155	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,405	645	760	35	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,125	670	450	10	0	15
61 Educational services	3,645	1,035	2,615	40	10	30
62 Health care and social assistance	6,210	880	5,340	70	0	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	570	255	315	15	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,435	715	1,715	40	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,250	1,240	1,020	40	35	0
91 Public administration	2,415	1,345	1,070	25	0	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	45,120	24,920	20,205	515	295	220
Worked at home	5,260	3,100	2,160	55	40	15
Worked outside Canada	165	130	40	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,135	4,240	895	100	60	40
Worked at usual place	34,555	17,450	17,110	370	200	165
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	34,560	17,450	17,110	370	200	170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	16,605	8,170	8,435	145	65	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	11,075	5,695	5,385	195	115	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,725	3,475	3,240	10	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	155	105	45	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	39,695	21,690	18,010	465	260	205
Car, truck, van - as a driver	33,690	18,625	15,065	385	215	170
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,365	1,190	1,175	20	0	10
Public transit	245	145	100	0	0	0
Walked	2,340	1,000	1,340	40	20	15
Bicycle	675	505	170	10	0	0
Other method	380	215	160	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	39,700	21,690	18,005	460	260	205
Less than 15 minutes	21,400	11,195	10,200	220	100	120
15 to 29 minutes	10,580	5,830	4,750	50	30	25
30 to 44 minutes	4,110	2,340	1,775	85	60	25
45 to 59 minutes	1,760	1,000	765	65	50	20
60 minutes and over	1,845	1,330	515	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	39,700	21,685	18,010	465	255	205
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,110	1,555	560	35	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,835	6,070	2,765	105	60	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,995	7,305	4,690	125	75	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,225	3,575	5,650	80	30	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,725	935	1,790	45	10	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,800	2,255	2,550	75	60	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	51,920	28,135	23,785	685	340	340
Single responses	51,295	27,795	23,495	685	340	340
Official languages	50,535	27,345	23,185	675	335	335
English	49,970	27,115	22,850	670	335	335
French	565	230	330	0	0	0
Non-official languages	760	450	310	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	755	445	310	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	725	435	285	10	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	45	30	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	75	40	30	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	630	380	250	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	385	230	155	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	240	145	90	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	625	335	285	0	0	0
English and French	185	65	125	0	0	0
English and non-official language	440	270	165	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	51,915	28,135	23,785	685	345	340
None	47,055	25,415	21,640	660	335	330
English	770	400	370	0	0	0
French	995	465	535	10	0	0
Non-official language	3,060	1,840	1,225	10	10	0
Aboriginal	75	30	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,990	1,805	1,180	10	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	90,240	45,225	45,015	1,575	795	780
Non-movers	79,015	39,740	39,280	1,415	700	715
Movers	11,225	5,485	5,735	165	95	70
Non-migrants	5,585	2,790	2,795	85	50	30
Migrants	5,635	2,700	2,940	85	45	35
Internal migrants	4,875	2,295	2,585	80	45	35
Intraprovincial migrants	4,125	1,920	2,205	75	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	755	375	380	0	0	0
External migrants	760	405	360	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	84,340	42,155	42,180	1,530	765	765
Non-movers	53,660	26,955	26,700	950	485	465
Movers	30,675	15,195	15,480	585	285	300
Non-migrants	13,650	6,860	6,795	200	90	115
Migrants	17,025	8,340	8,690	385	195	190
Internal migrants	14,055	6,735	7,315	385	190	185
Intraprovincial migrants	11,795	5,585	6,220	290	145	150
Interprovincial migrants	2,250	1,150	1,100	90	50	45
External migrants	2,975	1,605	1,370	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Portage--Lisgar [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Portage--Lisgar [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Portage--Lisgar [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Portage--Lisgar [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia