Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint Boniface--Saint Vital [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint Boniface--Saint Vital Manitoba [Federal electoral district]			Keremeos British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Saint Boniface--Saint Vital [Federal electoral district], Manitoba Map : Saint Boniface--Saint Vital [Federal electoral district], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	89,818	...	...	1,714	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	84,353	...	...	1,479^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.5	...	...	15.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	38,909	...	...	874	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	37,674	...	...	816	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,416.0	...	...	602.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	63.43	...	...	2.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	89,815	43,305	46,515	1,715	825	890
0 to 14 years	14,765	7,470	7,300	180	90	90
0 to 4 years	4,870	2,480	2,390	50	25	25
5 to 9 years	5,055	2,515	2,540	60	30	35
10 to 14 years	4,835	2,465	2,375	70	40	25
15 to 64 years	59,280	29,125	30,155	775	370	405
15 to 19 years	5,035	2,550	2,480	70	35	35
20 to 24 years	5,795	2,865	2,925	30	15	15
25 to 29 years	6,180	3,070	3,110	50	25	25
30 to 34 years	6,270	3,005	3,265	55	25	25
35 to 39 years	6,105	2,965	3,150	60	30	30
40 to 44 years	5,990	2,965	3,025	55	25	30
45 to 49 years	5,770	2,875	2,900	65	30	35
50 to 54 years	6,465	3,225	3,240	100	50	50
55 to 59 years	6,160	3,025	3,140	125	55	70
60 to 64 years	5,505	2,575	2,925	165	75	90
65 years and over	15,775	6,715	9,060	765	365	395
65 to 69 years	4,825	2,180	2,645	230	105	125
70 to 74 years	3,675	1,665	2,005	175	85	90
75 to 79 years	2,720	1,175	1,545	135	75	60
80 to 84 years	2,180	890	1,290	110	60	45
85 years and over	2,375	800	1,570	105	35	70
85 to 89 years	1,475	555	920	65	20	40
90 to 94 years	725	210	520	30	10	20
95 to 99 years	150	35	115	10	5	10
100 years and over	20	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4	17.2	15.7	10.5	10.9	10.1
15 to 64 years	66.0	67.3	64.8	45.2	44.8	45.5
65 years and over	17.6	15.5	19.5	44.6	44.2	44.4
85 years and over	2.6	1.8	3.4	6.1	4.2	7.9
Average age of the population	41.1	39.9	42.2	55.2	54.3	56.1
Median age of the population	40.6	39.6	41.7	62.3	61.7	62.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	37,675	...	...	815	...	...
Single-detached house	22,130	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	4,745	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10,780	...	...	145	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,155	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	1,320	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	560	...	...	55	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	7,690	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	60	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	37,675	...	...	815	...	...
1 person	11,985	...	...	260	...	...
2 persons	12,765	...	...	410	...	...
3 persons	5,340	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	4,910	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	2,670	...	...	30	...	...
Number of persons in private households	87,900	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	75,055	35,840	39,215	1,535	735	800
Married or living common law	42,270	21,075	21,195	975	485	490
Married	35,525	17,695	17,830	850	420	430
Living common law	6,740	3,380	3,365	120	60	60
Not married and not living common law	32,780	14,765	18,020	560	250	310
Never married	21,140	11,010	10,130	225	130	95
Separated	2,060	870	1,190	40	20	20
Divorced	4,885	1,905	2,980	125	60	60
Widowed	4,700	980	3,720	170	40	130
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	24,645	...	...	550	...	...
2 persons	12,710	...	...	430	...	...
3 persons	5,090	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	4,805	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	2,030	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	24,640	...	...	545	...	...
Total couple families	20,615	...	...	475	...	...
Married couples	17,245	...	...	415	...	...
Common-law couples	3,370	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,025	...	...	70	...	...
Female parent	3,140	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	880	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,620	...	...	475	...	...
Couples without children	10,170	...	...	375	...	...
Couples with children	10,445	...	...	100	...	...
1 child	3,990	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	4,530	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	1,920	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,020	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	2,540	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	1,100	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	380	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,115	7,895	9,220	340	145	195
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	37,675	...	...	815	...	...
One-census-family households	23,615	...	...	525	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,800	...	...	365	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,810	...	...	160	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	500	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,560	...	...	285	...	...
One-person households	11,985	...	...	255	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,570	...	...	20	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	88,900	42,980	45,925	1,680	815	865
English only	67,980	33,560	34,415	1,575	765	805
French only	420	185	235	0	0	5
English and French	19,530	8,820	10,705	75	35	40
Neither English nor French	970	415	560	25	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	88,900	42,980	45,920	1,680	815	870
English	76,955	37,595	39,360	1,615	780	830
French	10,415	4,695	5,715	35	15	20
English and French	590	295	295	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	940	395	545	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	10,710	4,845	5,865	40	20	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	12.0	11.3	12.8	2.4	2.5	2.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	88,900	42,980	45,920	1,680	815	865
Single responses	86,545	41,830	44,715	1,665	800	855
Official languages	71,180	34,535	36,645	1,480	720	765
English	60,860	29,900	30,955	1,435	695	740
French	10,320	4,640	5,685	40	20	25
Non-official languages	15,365	7,290	8,075	180	90	90
Aboriginal languages	200	70	125	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	180	70	110	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	70	30	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	105	35	70	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	80	25	50	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,165	7,220	7,950	175	85	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,100	550	555	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	65	35	25	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	40	25	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,015	500	520	0	0	0
Amharic	130	65	70	0	0	0
Arabic	680	345	335	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	175	75	100	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	425	200	230	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	425	195	230	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,565	695	870	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	15	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,440	650	790	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	205	105	95	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	135	70	65	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	20	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,635	4,110	4,520	155	80	75
Albanian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,545	1,190	1,350	25	5	15
Baltic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,525	1,185	1,340	25	5	15
Belarusan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	230	125	100	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Czech	70	45	25	5	5	5
Macedonian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Polish	480	230	255	5	0	0
Russian	650	310	335	5	0	0
Serbian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slovak	50	15	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	845	365	480	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	5	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,745	775	965	50	30	20
Afrikaans	25	15	10	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	170	85	90	15	10	5
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,435	630	805	35	15	15
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,700	1,345	1,350	60	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages	2,420	1,205	1,210	60	35	25
Bengali	85	40	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	335	160	170	0	5	0
Hindi	240	120	120	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	5	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	145	70	75	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	865	430	435	55	30	25
Sindhi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	690	355	335	0	0	0
Iranian languages	270	135	135	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	235	120	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,445	690	750	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	300	150	150	5	0	0
Portuguese	275	125	150	10	5	5
Romanian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Spanish	775	375	405	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	30	50	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	465	210	250	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	690	345	340	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	35	10	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	5	0	0	0
Igbo	65	40	25	0	0	0
Lingala	15	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	110	55	60	0	0	0
Wolof	35	30	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	165	80	85	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	100	45	50	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,540	740	800	5	0	5
Chinese languages	1,530	735	795	0	0	5
Cantonese	690	320	375	5	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	735	360	375	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	35	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	130	60	70	10	0	5
Lao	105	50	50	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	20	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	140	70	70	5	0	5
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	5	0	5	0
Hungarian	120	60	60	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,355	1,150	1,205	20	10	10
English and French	780	370	405	5	0	0
English and non-official language	1,335	645	690	15	10	5
French and non-official language	175	105	75	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	35	35	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	88,900	42,980	45,920	1,680	810	870
Single responses	84,605	40,940	43,660	1,655	800	855
Official languages	77,545	37,535	40,015	1,575	760	815
English	72,100	35,190	36,910	1,560	755	805
French	5,445	2,345	3,100	20	5	10
Non-official languages	7,060	3,405	3,650	80	40	40
Aboriginal languages	45	10	35	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,015	3,395	3,620	80	40	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	700	345	350	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bilen	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	655	325	335	0	0	0
Amharic	75	35	40	0	0	0
Arabic	465	230	235	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	90	45	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	275	130	145	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	270	130	145	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	680	315	365	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	650	305	345	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	5	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	60	25	30	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,460	1,695	1,760	75	35	35
Albanian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	940	455	490	0	0	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	940	455	485	0	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	115	60	50	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	115	60	60	0	0	0
Russian	465	225	240	0	0	5
Serbian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	125	55	70	15	5	5
Afrikaans	5	0	5	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	105	50	60	5	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,705	850	855	55	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	1,520	755	760	50	30	25
Bengali	45	25	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	225	110	115	0	0	5
Hindi	130	70	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	95	40	55	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	550	280	275	50	30	20
Sindhi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	435	225	210	0	0	0
Iranian languages	180	90	90	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	160	85	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	590	280	305	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	90	40	50	10	5	0
Romanian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Spanish	390	190	195	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	355	170	185	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	210	100	110	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	60	30	30	0	0	0
Wolof	15	15	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	20	20	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,015	485	530	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,010	480	530	0	0	0
Cantonese	405	185	220	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	550	275	275	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	35	30	5	5	10
Lao	55	30	30	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,295	2,040	2,255	25	10	15
English and French	790	350	435	0	0	0
English and non-official language	3,265	1,575	1,690	25	10	10
French and non-official language	120	55	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	125	60	65	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	88,900	42,975	45,925	1,675	815	865
None	73,670	36,005	37,665	1,590	760	825
English	6,110	2,775	3,330	25	15	15
French	4,120	1,860	2,255	15	10	0
Non-official language	4,695	2,190	2,505	50	25	25
Aboriginal	145	55	90	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,550	2,135	2,410	45	20	20
English and French	70	30	35	0	0	0
English and non-official language	135	70	65	10	5	5
French and non-official language	90	40	55	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	73,150	35,215	37,940	1,485	710	765
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,135	33,730	36,405	1,440	695	745
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,314	44,475	33,381	23,592	27,392	21,365
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	70,150	33,735	36,415	1,445	700	745
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,493	38,231	29,699	22,528	25,328	20,944
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,030	31,810	33,225	1,190	590	600
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,851	42,360	30,139	16,907	20,800	13,536
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,465	21,480	28,985	1,235	575	660
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,216	2,203	5,167	12,395	13,968	11,456
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	53,275	27,070	26,205	760	390	375
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,776	43,264	33,087	15,760	15,019	16,096
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	73,110	35,185	37,930	1,420	695	730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,030	33,625	36,405	1,390	680	715
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,198	56,391	40,631	31,448	37,909	25,322
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	70,045	33,620	36,420	1,390	675	715
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,154	44,850	33,896	27,948	33,069	23,091
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	64,910	31,745	33,165	1,165	590	580
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,462	55,188	38,111	26,002	32,132	19,733
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,560	21,415	29,140	1,230	570	655
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,108	6,732	7,385	11,030	11,949	10,239
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	53,255	26,955	26,300	730	385	345
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,095	54,535	39,469	27,746	32,764	22,221
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	73,110	35,185	37,930	1,420	690	730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	26,925	14,905	12,015	195	120	80
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,990	60,285	49,726	46,436	52,314	39,697
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	66,516	74,020	57,207	50,190	55,957	41,495
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.4	92.5	85.3	69.2	72.2	64.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.2	77.6	69.8	44.2	45.4	42.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.6	7.5	14.7	31.1	27.5	35.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	73,155	35,215	37,935	1,480	710	770
Without total income	3,020	1,485	1,535	40	15	20
With total income	70,135	33,730	36,405	1,440	695	745
Percentage with total income	95.9	95.8	96.0	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,355	3,645	4,710	180	75	105
$10,000 to $19,999	9,950	3,840	6,110	410	165	245
$20,000 to $29,999	9,465	3,735	5,730	305	145	165
$30,000 to $39,999	8,755	3,830	4,920	165	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	8,190	3,915	4,275	115	60	55
$50,000 to $59,999	6,450	3,335	3,110	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	4,865	2,710	2,155	65	35	30
$70,000 to $79,999	3,800	2,180	1,615	25	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,060	1,710	1,350	20	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,955	1,165	790	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	5,295	3,660	1,640	35	30	5
$100,000 to $149,999	3,755	2,515	1,240	25	25	5
$150,000 and over	1,540	1,145	395	10	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	73,150	35,215	37,940	1,485	715	770
Without after-tax income	3,000	1,480	1,520	40	15	25
With after-tax income	70,150	33,730	36,420	1,445	700	745
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	95.8	96.0	97.3	97.9	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,735	3,720	5,020	195	80	115
$10,000 to $19,999	10,765	4,185	6,580	420	180	240
$20,000 to $29,999	11,490	4,695	6,795	330	150	180
$30,000 to $39,999	11,280	5,160	6,115	185	95	90
$40,000 to $49,999	9,160	4,720	4,440	125	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	6,475	3,610	2,865	85	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	4,780	2,720	2,060	45	30	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,840	1,725	1,115	25	15	10
$80,000 and over	4,625	3,200	1,425	35	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,655	1,085	575	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	925	620	305	5	10	0
$100,000 and over	2,040	1,495	550	20	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	73,155	35,215	37,940	1,485	710	770
Without employment income	19,880	8,140	11,735	725	325	395
With employment income	53,275	27,070	26,205	765	385	375
Percentage with employment income	72.8	76.9	69.1	51.5	54.2	48.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,995	2,825	3,170	220	105	110
$5,000 to $9,999	3,585	1,585	2,000	90	50	40
$10,000 to $19,999	6,495	2,880	3,620	125	65	60
$20,000 to $29,999	5,915	2,650	3,265	80	35	45
$30,000 to $39,999	5,970	2,690	3,285	70	30	40
$40,000 to $49,999	5,705	2,745	2,965	45	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	4,640	2,445	2,190	35	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	3,625	2,050	1,575	35	25	15
$70,000 to $79,999	2,985	1,770	1,215	15	15	5
$80,000 and over	8,360	5,440	2,925	50	35	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,620	1,430	1,190	10	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,575	975	595	10	5	0
$100,000 and over	4,170	3,030	1,140	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	37,675	...	...	815	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,857	...	...	43,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,573	...	...	41,344	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,985	...	...	255	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,028	...	...	23,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,795	...	...	23,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	25,690	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,829	...	...	55,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,694	...	...	50,603	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	37,655	...	...	795	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	89,635	...	...	54,946	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,832	...	...	48,829	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,990	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,572	...	...	31,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,552	...	...	28,538	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	25,665	...	...	540	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,219	...	...	66,256	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,312	...	...	58,603	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	37,675	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	590	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	560	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	835	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,210	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,620	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,365	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,495	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,660	...	...	65	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,660	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,640	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,100	...	...	60	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,865	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,565	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,380	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,030	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,105	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,115	...	...	65	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,820	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,005	...	...	20	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,165	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	37,675	...	...	815	...	...
Under $5,000	625	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	580	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	855	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,285	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,925	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,620	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,980	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,105	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,990	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,980	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,690	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,345	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,895	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,435	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,040	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,325	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,720	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,155	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,455	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	24,640	...	...	545	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,085	...	...	54,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,801	...	...	50,475	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,615	...	...	355	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,365	...	...	50,720	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,458	...	...	47,488	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,480	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,720	...	...	87,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,362	...	...	79,360	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,780	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,517	...	...	42,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,105	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	24,575	...	...	510	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	110,675	...	...	66,078	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,556	...	...	58,397	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,480	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,973	...	...	60,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,330	...	...	54,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,590	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	138,041	...	...	97,047	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,008	...	...	82,381	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,750	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,976	...	...	46,758	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,861	...	...	43,162	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	15,060	6,995	8,070	300	130	175
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,567	39,281	34,471	23,501	23,328	23,872
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,004	33,956	30,725	23,040	22,848	23,360
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	15,105	7,170	7,935	335	145	195
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,400	47,040	40,112	30,027	31,363	29,031
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,869	38,203	33,760	27,173	27,821	26,689
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	87,905	42,670	45,235	1,660	805	855
In the bottom half of the distribution	42,240	19,750	22,495	1,200	580	625
In the bottom decile	8,300	4,005	4,290	215	105	115
In the second decile	7,525	3,215	4,310	320	150	170
In the third decile	8,110	3,715	4,395	235	115	120
In the fourth decile	8,890	4,250	4,640	210	105	110
In the fifth decile	9,420	4,560	4,860	215	105	110
In the top half of the distribution	45,660	22,925	22,740	455	225	230
In the sixth decile	9,405	4,655	4,755	160	80	80
In the seventh decile	9,600	4,825	4,780	95	45	50
In the eighth decile	9,850	4,925	4,930	70	35	35
In the ninth decile	9,250	4,715	4,535	80	40	35
In the top decile	7,555	3,810	3,745	55	30	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	87,905	42,665	45,235	1,660	805	855
0 to 17 years	17,740	8,990	8,750	220	120	105
0 to 5 years	5,815	2,940	2,875	60	30	30
18 to 64 years	55,860	27,370	28,490	725	340	385
65 years and over	14,305	6,310	8,000	715	350	370
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,695	5,355	6,340	385	180	205
0 to 17 years	3,390	1,720	1,670	65	40	20
0 to 5 years	1,160	580	580	15	10	5
18 to 64 years	6,720	3,120	3,600	165	65	100
65 years and over	1,595	525	1,070	155	75	85
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.3	12.6	14.0	23.2	22.4	24.0
0 to 17 years (%)	19.1	19.1	19.1	29.5	33.3	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.9	19.7	20.2	25.0	33.3	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	11.4	12.6	22.8	19.1	26.0
65 years and over (%)	11.1	8.3	13.4	21.7	21.4	23.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,790	4,600	5,190	110	50	60
0 to 17 years	2,745	1,385	1,360	15	5	5
0 to 5 years	925	465	465	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,055	2,890	3,170	75	35	45
65 years and over	990	325	660	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	11.1	10.8	11.5	6.6	6.2	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	15.5	15.4	15.5	6.8	4.2	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	15.9	15.8	16.2	8.3	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	10.6	11.1	10.3	10.3	11.7
65 years and over (%)	6.9	5.2	8.3	2.1	1.4	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	87,840	42,620	45,225	1,580	795	785
Official languages	86,845	42,180	44,670	1,560	780	780
English	86,485	42,005	44,480	1,560	780	780
French	19,205	8,710	10,495	45	15	25
Non-official languages	20,100	9,685	10,415	220	100	120
Aboriginal languages	220	85	140	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	210	80	130	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	80	15	60	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	25	0	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	35	10	30	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	150	75	80	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	120	55	65	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,890	9,600	10,280	215	95	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,620	855	770	0	0	0
Berber languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	30	10	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	105	60	45	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	10	10	0	0	0
Somali	80	50	30	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,525	810	720	0	0	0
Amharic	175	75	95	0	0	0
Arabic	1,095	590	500	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	200	105	95	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	230	100	120	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	635	295	340	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	605	285	325	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,795	810	980	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	60	20	40	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	15	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	35	15	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,755	795	960	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	180	80	100	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	95	40	55	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	85	35	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	185	75	110	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tamil	70	25	45	0	0	0
Telugu	35	10	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,995	5,335	5,655	200	95	110
Albanian	115	60	55	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,050	1,525	1,530	35	10	25
Baltic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,040	1,520	1,520	35	10	20
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	305	165	135	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	120	45	65	10	10	10
Czech	115	55	55	15	0	10
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	680	345	335	0	0	0
Russian	960	500	460	0	0	10
Serbian	105	60	45	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	80	35	45	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,075	475	590	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,910	915	990	80	35	50
Afrikaans	20	0	15	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Dutch	190	100	90	20	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,640	810	830	60	30	30
Icelandic	25	0	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	145	95	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,110	1,530	1,580	80	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	2,860	1,415	1,440	60	35	20
Bengali	95	45	50	0	0	0
Gujarati	410	180	225	0	0	0
Hindi	1,160	565	595	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	90	25	60	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,305	665	640	55	35	25
Sindhi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Urdu	895	480	410	0	0	0
Iranian languages	275	125	145	20	0	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	35	15	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	240	110	125	20	0	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,945	1,345	1,600	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	630	305	325	0	0	0
Portuguese	285	150	135	0	0	0
Romanian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Spanish	2,020	890	1,130	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	175	75	100	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	455	210	240	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,770	870	905	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	115	75	50	0	0	0
Edo	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ewe	25	10	15	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ganda	25	10	15	0	0	0
Igbo	130	75	50	0	0	0
Lingala	195	75	120	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	55	20	40	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	95	50	45	0	0	0
Shona	55	30	25	0	0	0
Swahili	395	200	200	0	0	0
Wolof	45	30	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	520	240	285	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	320	160	160	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	220	95	115	0	0	0
American Sign Language	125	50	75	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	95	50	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,055	1,020	1,035	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,045	1,005	1,035	0	0	0
Cantonese	960	415	540	0	0	0
Hakka	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,175	600	580	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	30	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	85	40	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	20	0	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	275	130	150	0	0	0
Lao	210	95	120	0	0	0
Thai	120	55	70	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	0	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	65	60	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	115	60	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	80	65	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	87,840	42,620	45,225	1,580	790	785
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	80,345	38,890	41,450	1,565	790	780
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,885	8,055	7,830	190	120	70
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	64,465	30,840	33,625	1,375	665	710
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	7,495	3,725	3,770	15	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	87,840	42,615	45,225	1,580	795	785
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	70,750	34,235	36,515	1,355	705	650
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	15,835	7,740	8,095	215	80	130
Before 1981	3,525	1,700	1,820	140	45	95
1981 to 1990	1,380	715	655	25	10	10
1991 to 2000	1,650	760	885	30	25	0
2001 to 2010	4,045	1,930	2,115	20	10	15
2001 to 2005	1,545	700	850	20	10	10
2006 to 2010	2,500	1,230	1,270	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	5,240	2,635	2,605	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,260	645	615	10	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	15,830	7,740	8,090	215	85	130
Under 5 years	1,850	915	930	30	20	0
5 to 14 years	3,010	1,535	1,475	40	0	35
15 to 24 years	3,190	1,510	1,680	70	25	45
25 to 44 years	6,690	3,255	3,430	60	15	45
45 years and over	1,100	525	570	15	15	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15,830	7,745	8,095	215	85	130
Americas	1,805	810	990	40	20	20
Brazil	15	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	95	55	40	0	0	0
El Salvador	145	80	65	0	0	0
Guyana	115	35	75	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	190	95	100	0	0	0
Mexico	125	45	80	0	0	0
Peru	20	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	165	85	80	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	540	220	320	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Americas	370	180	195	0	10	0
Europe	4,205	2,175	2,025	120	45	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	295	160	135	0	0	0
Croatia	45	15	35	0	0	0
France	175	80	95	0	10	0
Germany	445	255	185	30	10	20
Greece	45	35	0	0	0	0
Hungary	60	45	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Italy	220	105	115	0	0	0
Netherlands	150	80	70	10	0	10
Poland	415	235	185	0	0	0
Portugal	135	85	45	0	0	0
Romania	85	40	45	0	0	0
Russian Federation	245	130	120	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	375	170	205	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	960	460	505	45	15	35
Other places of birth in Europe	465	235	225	30	20	10
Africa	2,630	1,315	1,320	0	0	0
Algeria	65	25	40	0	0	0
Egypt	95	40	55	0	0	0
Ethiopia	220	110	110	0	0	0
Kenya	105	65	45	0	0	0
Morocco	65	40	30	0	0	0
Nigeria	740	400	340	0	0	0
Somalia	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,300	625	670	0	0	0
Asia	7,150	3,415	3,740	50	20	30
Afghanistan	105	50	55	0	0	0
Bangladesh	45	15	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	895	405	495	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	150	75	75	0	0	0
India	1,420	655	760	25	20	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	90	50	40	0	0	0
Iraq	130	85	45	0	0	0
Japan	35	0	30	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	270	120	150	0	0	0
Lebanon	55	30	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	740	390	350	0	0	0
Philippines	1,755	810	945	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	60	25	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	50	35	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	455	225	225	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	835	405	435	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,240	2,635	2,610	0	0	0
Americas	340	165	170	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	25	15	0	0	0
Mexico	75	30	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	95	60	35	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	115	45	70	0	0	0
Europe	575	285	290	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Germany	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	115	65	45	0	0	0
Ukraine	200	85	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	55	35	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	120	50	65	0	0	0
Africa	1,335	670	665	0	0	0
Algeria	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	215	85	125	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	45	20	30	0	0	0
Egypt	25	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	45	20	20	0	0	0
Morocco	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	605	320	285	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	295	155	150	0	0	0
Asia	2,985	1,505	1,475	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	10	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	300	155	145	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	755	340	415	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	35	30	10	0	0	0
Iraq	60	40	20	0	0	0
Israel	55	40	15	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	135	65	70	0	0	0
Lebanon	50	30	25	0	0	0
Nepal	55	10	45	0	0	0
Pakistan	375	195	175	0	0	0
Philippines	755	400	355	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	35	15	25	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	15	15	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	120	65	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	120	65	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	87,840	42,615	45,225	1,580	795	785
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	17,500	8,630	8,875	240	95	145
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	15,130	7,305	7,830	380	200	185
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	55,205	26,685	28,520	960	505	460
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	12,570	6,175	6,395	75	40	35
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	7,795	4,015	3,780	15	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,940	1,930	1,015	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,850	2,080	2,770	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,310	895	1,415	60	30	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,430	1,240	1,190	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	30	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	87,840	42,620	45,225	1,585	795	790
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10,855	5,025	5,825	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10,735	4,980	5,755	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,610	1,140	1,465	20	10	10
Métis	8,095	3,825	4,275	40	15	20
Inuk (Inuit)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	95	50	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	76,990	37,590	39,400	1,520	765	760
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	87,840	42,615	45,225	1,580	795	785
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,420	1,095	1,320	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85,425	41,520	43,905	1,555	785	780
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	87,840	42,615	45,225	1,585	795	785
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,135	990	1,150	20	0	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,055	955	1,100	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,070	480	595	20	0	10
Métis single ancestry	980	475	505	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	80	35	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	80	40	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	9,385	4,370	5,015	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	8,820	4,110	4,710	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,100	905	1,200	15	10	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,695	3,200	3,495	45	25	20
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	560	260	305	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	545	245	295	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	76,320	37,260	39,065	1,505	755	745
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	87,840	42,620	45,225	1,580	795	790
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	16,910	8,270	8,640	110	65	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	3,605	1,785	1,820	60	35	20
Chinese	2,290	1,100	1,185	0	0	0
Black	3,970	1,930	2,040	10	15	0
Filipino	2,540	1,220	1,315	0	0	10
Latin American	765	370	390	0	0	0
Arab	745	435	305	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,070	495	570	0	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	240	100	140	20	10	15
Korean	485	235	250	0	0	0
Japanese	290	130	155	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	330	175	150	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	605	295	310	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	70,930	34,350	36,585	1,465	735	735
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	87,845	42,620	45,225	1,580	795	785
North American Aboriginal origins	11,525	5,360	6,165	75	40	40
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,805	1,675	2,135	35	15	15
Inuit	45	20	30	0	0	0
Métis	8,310	3,960	4,350	45	25	20
Other North American origins	19,370	9,295	10,075	445	220	220
Acadian	125	55	70	0	0	0
American	765	315	445	50	25	30
Canadian	18,670	9,015	9,655	400	195	200
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	45	15	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	85	50	40	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	63,850	30,865	32,980	1,310	650	665
British Isles origins	32,530	15,685	16,850	880	410	470
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	10	0	0	0	0
English	18,245	8,785	9,460	620	270	345
Irish	12,115	5,645	6,465	315	115	200
Manx	10	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	15,985	7,645	8,335	385	185	205
Welsh	1,610	775	830	50	10	40
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,815	830	990	25	10	10
French origins	19,540	9,285	10,255	215	120	95
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	25	10	20	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	19,525	9,275	10,250	210	115	95
Western European origins (except French origins)	19,395	9,245	10,150	425	225	200
Austrian	1,050	540	510	25	15	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	2,465	1,160	1,310	0	0	10
Dutch	3,315	1,565	1,755	90	45	45
Flemish	120	45	75	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	13,700	6,515	7,185	305	170	135
Luxembourger	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	615	300	310	25	15	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	5,780	2,680	3,095	205	85	115
Danish	580	260	320	30	10	20
Finnish	320	165	155	60	35	25
Icelandic	2,050	1,010	1,040	20	10	15
Norwegian	1,375	565	810	40	15	20
Swedish	1,735	785	955	65	30	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	190	100	90	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	20,550	9,660	10,890	280	145	135
Bulgarian	25	15	10	10	0	10
Byelorussian	60	25	30	0	0	0
Czech	435	200	230	25	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	130	55	75	10	0	10
Estonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	855	395	460	10	10	10
Latvian	90	40	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	95	60	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	6,425	3,000	3,430	30	15	20
Romanian	455	245	205	30	15	10
Russian	3,180	1,490	1,700	80	35	50
Slovak	230	95	140	10	10	0
Ukrainian	13,245	6,205	7,040	155	80	70
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins	5,450	2,750	2,700	70	45	20
Albanian	115	60	55	0	0	0
Bosnian	340	195	145	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	245	130	120	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	375	215	160	10	10	0
Italian	2,680	1,350	1,330	30	25	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	20	0	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	680	330	350	15	0	10
Serbian	140	70	70	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	140	75	70	0	0	0
Spanish	1,040	470	570	10	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	60	40	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	600	335	265	10	0	0
Basque	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	425	250	175	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	145	70	75	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,060	540	520	10	15	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	40	10	30	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	445	230	210	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	275	160	115	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	135	45	90	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	90	50	40	15	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,240	615	630	0	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	20	25	0	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	130	65	70	0	0	0
Colombian	160	95	70	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	60	15	40	0	0	0
Guyanese	135	60	80	0	0	0
Hispanic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	255	115	140	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	50	30	25	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Salvadorean	205	110	95	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	4,035	1,985	2,045	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	1,825	905	915	0	0	0
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	15	10	10	0	0	0
Beninese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	470	205	265	0	0	0
Edo	65	50	20	0	0	0
Ewe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	65	15	45	0	0	0
Guinean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Ibo	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	105	70	40	0	0	0
Malinké	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	660	355	300	0	0	0
Peulh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	30	15	25	0	0	0
Togolese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Wolof	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	150	70	85	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	70	40	30	0	0	0
North African origins	500	255	250	0	0	0
Algerian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Berber	55	30	25	0	0	0
Coptic	30	20	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	115	55	65	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	65	45	15	0	0	0
Moroccan	85	35	50	0	0	0
Sudanese	80	25	50	0	0	0
Tunisian	25	20	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,000	480	520	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Burundian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Djiboutian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Eritrean	240	115	120	0	0	0
Ethiopian	310	150	160	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	75	45	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	65	30	40	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	85	40	40	0	0	0
South African	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	25	20	15	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Zambian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	70	35	30	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	855	425	440	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	815	405	410	0	0	0
Asian origins	12,155	5,960	6,200	110	50	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,330	690	645	20	10	15
Afghan	135	55	80	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	260	145	115	0	0	0
Armenian	70	20	50	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	125	65	55	20	0	15
Iraqi	210	120	90	0	0	0
Israeli	75	45	30	0	0	0
Jordanian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	85	45	45	0	0	0
Palestinian	155	90	60	0	0	0
Pashtun	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Syrian	90	45	40	0	0	0
Tajik	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tatar	20	15	10	0	0	0
Turk	60	10	45	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	20	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,690	1,845	1,845	65	35	25
Bangladeshi	40	15	20	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	30	0	30	0	0	0
East Indian	2,770	1,375	1,395	65	35	30
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	85	35	45	0	0	0
Pakistani	645	360	285	0	0	0
Punjabi	170	85	85	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	25	0	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	75	45	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,205	3,450	3,760	25	0	15
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	2,935	1,380	1,555	0	0	0
Filipino	2,775	1,335	1,440	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Japanese	375	170	205	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	515	250	270	0	0	0
Laotian	275	120	155	0	0	0
Malaysian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	10	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	110	55	60	0	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	745	370	375	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	120	60	55	10	10	0
Australian	70	30	40	10	0	10
New Zealander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	40	25	15	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	37,655	...	...	800	...	...
Owner	24,720	...	...	625	...	...
Renter	12,935	...	...	175	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	37,655	...	...	800	...	...
Condominium	3,425	...	...	55	...	...
Not condominium	34,230	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	37,655	...	...	795	...	...
No bedrooms	490	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,680	...	...	70	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,510	...	...	315	...	...
3 bedrooms	11,910	...	...	295	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,065	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	37,655	...	...	795	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	12,520	...	...	225	...	...
5 rooms	5,700	...	...	210	...	...
6 rooms	5,455	...	...	135	...	...
7 rooms	4,600	...	...	90	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,380	...	...	130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	37,655	...	...	795	...	...
One person or fewer per room	36,745	...	...	800	...	...
More than 1 person per room	905	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	37,655	...	...	795	...	...
Suitable	35,535	...	...	780	...	...
Not suitable	2,120	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	37,655	...	...	795	...	...
1960 or before	12,775	...	...	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,435	...	...	215	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,660	...	...	70	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,125	...	...	165	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,785	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,490	...	...	90	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,380	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	37,655	...	...	800	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	34,950	...	...	760	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,710	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	37,655	...	...	795	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,255	...	...	470	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,790	...	...	325	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	610	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	37,655	...	...	800	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,005	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,765	...	...	50	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,760	...	...	45	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,125	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,270	...	...	165	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,335	...	...	230	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,110	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	1,290	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	37,525	...	...	790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	29,645	...	...	605	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,885	...	...	185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,800	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	24,725	...	...	615	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.4	...	...	46.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	15.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,112	...	...	527	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,195	...	...	694	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,495	...	...	250,742	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	335,505	...	...	277,246	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,935	...	...	175	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.5	...	...	22.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.5	...	...	51.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	927	...	...	748	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	946	...	...	751	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	73,110	35,180	37,930	1,425	690	725
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,250	5,715	5,535	390	190	200
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	21,115	10,265	10,850	410	200	210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,745	19,205	21,545	625	305	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,085	3,500	1,585	180	145	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,395	1,325	1,070	75	50	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,695	2,175	515	105	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,645	5,815	7,830	300	90	205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,070	810	1,260	50	20	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,945	9,070	10,870	100	45	50
Bachelor's degree	13,905	6,160	7,740	60	20	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,615	715	900	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	680	350	330	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,195	1,480	1,720	20	20	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	555	370	180	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	47,975	23,555	24,415	670	305	365
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,045	2,325	1,715	155	75	75
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,210	6,380	5,830	220	110	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,720	14,850	16,865	295	120	170
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,300	2,270	1,030	80	50	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,510	835	670	40	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,790	1,435	355	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,435	4,575	5,860	145	45	100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,420	575	845	30	0	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	16,565	7,430	9,130	45	25	25
Bachelor's degree	11,680	5,195	6,480	35	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,210	500	710	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	555	265	295	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,710	1,215	1,500	0	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	405	260	145	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	73,110	35,185	37,925	1,420	695	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	32,365	15,980	16,385	800	390	410
Education	3,770	1,090	2,680	40	15	25
13. Education	3,765	1,090	2,675	40	15	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,365	670	700	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	220	170	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,150	490	660	10	0	0
Humanities	2,125	805	1,320	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	235	40	195	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	335	65	270	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	655	260	400	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	105	60	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	265	150	115	0	0	0
54. History	365	185	180	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	155	40	115	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,695	1,690	3,005	35	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	20	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	280	105	175	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,020	95	920	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	670	210	460	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	85	15	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	940	310	635	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,645	935	710	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	8,900	3,730	5,165	100	25	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	605	180	430	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,275	3,555	4,720	85	25	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,690	930	760	10	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	685	360	325	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	465	255	205	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	0	50	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	420	300	120	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	15	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,915	1,295	620	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,485	1,105	375	0	0	0
25. Library science	155	15	140	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	255	160	95	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,915	6,345	570	170	165	10
04. Architecture and related services	240	145	95	10	10	0
14. Engineering	1,355	1,135	225	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,345	1,210	135	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,540	1,520	20	40	35	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,775	1,715	60	80	85	0
48. Precision production	655	620	40	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	730	435	295	65	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	455	265	190	40	15	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	275	170	105	20	20	0
Health and related fields	6,650	1,350	5,300	140	10	125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	420	160	265	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	6,040	1,080	4,955	130	10	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	190	115	80	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,995	865	1,130	45	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,305	330	975	35	15	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	310	195	115	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	355	320	35	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	47,970	23,555	24,415	665	305	365
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,255	8,705	7,550	375	180	195
Education	2,660	775	1,880	20	0	20
13. Education	2,660	780	1,885	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	160	125	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	940	410	525	0	0	0
Humanities	1,665	625	1,035	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	215	30	185	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	260	50	210	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	490	215	275	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	45	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	210	125	85	0	0	0
54. History	275	135	145	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	120	30	95	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,845	1,340	2,510	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	20	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	230	95	135	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	810	70	740	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	565	150	410	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	15	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	725	220	505	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,380	760	625	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	7,040	2,980	4,060	55	10	45
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	485	135	350	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,545	2,850	3,695	50	0	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,305	710	590	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	560	290	275	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	315	190	130	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	45	0	45	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	335	230	105	10	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	10	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,655	1,155	500	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,320	1,000	325	0	0	0
25. Library science	100	10	85	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	215	130	85	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,160	4,655	500	85	75	0
04. Architecture and related services	205	115	90	0	10	0
14. Engineering	1,135	930	205	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,035	915	120	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,100	1,085	15	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,245	1,205	40	40	35	0
48. Precision production	435	400	35	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	605	350	255	20	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	350	190	160	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	255	165	95	10	10	0
Health and related fields	5,255	1,095	4,160	60	0	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	355	130	225	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,745	875	3,870	55	0	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	155	90	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,440	625	815	15	0	15
12. Personal and culinary services	885	215	675	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	270	165	100	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	275	235	35	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	73,110	35,180	37,930	1,420	690	730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,365	15,975	16,385	800	390	410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40,745	19,205	21,545	625	300	320
Location of study inside Canada	34,545	16,150	18,395	560	270	290
Same as province or territory of residence	30,245	14,055	16,185	405	200	210
Different than province or territory of residence	4,300	2,090	2,205	150	70	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,200	3,055	3,145	65	35	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	815	405	415	15	15	0
Philippines	875	365	515	10	0	0
India	745	345	395	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	370	235	135	20	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	260	115	145	0	0	0
France	110	75	40	0	0	0
Other	3,020	1,510	1,510	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	47,975	23,560	24,415	670	305	360
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,255	8,705	7,550	380	185	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,720	14,850	16,865	295	120	175
Location of study inside Canada	26,560	12,385	14,175	280	115	165
Same as province or territory of residence	23,335	10,870	12,460	220	95	125
Different than province or territory of residence	3,230	1,520	1,710	60	25	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,160	2,465	2,695	15	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	570	265	310	0	0	0
Philippines	795	325	465	0	0	0
India	680	320	360	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	205	125	80	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	235	105	130	0	0	0
France	100	70	35	0	0	0
Other	2,570	1,260	1,310	10	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	73,110	35,180	37,930	1,420	690	730
In the labour force	49,390	25,240	24,150	615	340	270
Employed	46,415	23,515	22,905	515	295	220
Unemployed	2,970	1,730	1,245	95	40	55
Not in the labour force	23,720	9,940	13,785	810	350	455
Participation rate	67.6	71.7	63.7	43.3	49.3	37.0
Employment rate	63.5	66.8	60.4	36.3	42.8	30.1
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.9	5.2	15.4	11.8	20.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	73,110	35,185	37,930	1,420	690	730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	22,080	9,235	12,845	775	365	410
Worked	51,030	25,945	25,085	645	330	315
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	27,350	15,185	12,165	210	130	85
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	23,680	10,760	12,920	435	205	235
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.4	44.0	42.8	37.1	38.2	35.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	49,395	25,245	24,150	615	340	270
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	800	360	445	20	25	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	48,590	24,890	23,705	590	320	275
Employee	44,370	22,225	22,150	480	250	235
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,220	2,665	1,555	110	65	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	49,390	25,245	24,145	610	340	275
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	805	355	450	25	25	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	48,590	24,885	23,700	590	315	270
0 Management occupations	5,015	2,925	2,090	50	40	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,340	2,635	5,710	75	15	60
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,325	2,715	610	20	15	0
3 Health occupations	4,095	975	3,115	45	0	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,950	2,345	4,610	50	0	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,635	640	995	0	10	0
6 Sales and service occupations	10,935	5,015	5,910	120	55	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,540	6,215	325	130	105	15
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	475	395	80	70	45	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,280	1,020	260	35	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	49,390	25,245	24,145	615	340	275
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	800	355	445	25	25	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	48,585	24,885	23,700	590	315	275
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	310	180	130	65	40	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	100	75	25	15	15	0
22 Utilities	595	410	185	0	0	0
23 Construction	3,510	3,110	400	65	55	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,900	2,260	645	45	45	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,705	1,260	445	20	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	5,105	2,465	2,635	70	35	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,435	1,930	500	20	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,060	550	505	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,720	1,145	1,580	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	790	420	370	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,935	1,655	1,280	35	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	80	50	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,745	1,095	655	10	0	15
61 Educational services	4,635	1,690	2,950	40	10	30
62 Health care and social assistance	7,015	1,550	5,470	70	0	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,145	555	590	15	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,445	1,450	1,995	40	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,330	1,030	1,300	40	35	0
91 Public administration	4,020	2,005	2,010	25	0	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	46,415	23,515	22,900	515	295	220
Worked at home	2,150	1,055	1,095	55	40	15
Worked outside Canada	145	95	55	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,660	3,595	1,060	100	60	40
Worked at usual place	39,465	18,775	20,690	370	200	165
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	39,465	18,770	20,690	370	200	170
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	37,225	17,355	19,875	145	65	85
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	45	40	195	115	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,975	1,290	685	10	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	185	90	100	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	44,125	22,375	21,750	465	260	205
Car, truck, van - as a driver	32,230	17,510	14,720	385	215	170
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,535	765	1,770	20	0	10
Public transit	5,825	2,325	3,500	0	0	0
Walked	2,210	930	1,280	40	20	15
Bicycle	890	630	260	10	0	0
Other method	435	210	225	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	44,125	22,370	21,755	460	260	205
Less than 15 minutes	9,070	4,100	4,970	220	100	120
15 to 29 minutes	19,795	9,980	9,810	50	30	25
30 to 44 minutes	10,895	5,855	5,040	85	60	25
45 to 59 minutes	2,655	1,445	1,210	65	50	20
60 minutes and over	1,715	995	725	40	25	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	44,120	22,375	21,755	465	255	205
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,880	1,320	560	35	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,575	4,590	2,980	105	60	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,210	7,115	7,095	125	75	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,465	4,030	5,435	80	30	55
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,330	1,845	2,485	45	10	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,665	3,465	3,200	75	60	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	52,520	26,635	25,890	685	340	340
Single responses	51,640	26,220	25,415	685	340	340
Official languages	51,295	26,035	25,260	675	335	335
English	49,495	25,420	24,075	670	335	335
French	1,795	615	1,180	0	0	0
Non-official languages	345	185	160	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	335	185	155	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	85	70	10	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	80	40	45	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	15	10	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	50	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	50	35	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	880	410	465	0	0	0
English and French	620	260	355	0	0	0
English and non-official language	260	150	110	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	52,515	26,630	25,890	685	345	340
None	47,675	24,550	23,130	660	335	330
English	1,375	490	885	0	0	0
French	2,570	1,130	1,440	10	0	0
Non-official language	845	435	410	10	10	0
Aboriginal	25	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	820	430	390	10	10	10
English and French	10	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	15	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	40	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	86,870	42,110	44,760	1,575	795	780
Non-movers	75,130	36,315	38,815	1,415	700	715
Movers	11,745	5,795	5,945	165	95	70
Non-migrants	8,815	4,285	4,535	85	50	30
Migrants	2,930	1,510	1,410	85	45	35
Internal migrants	1,555	795	760	80	45	35
Intraprovincial migrants	750	360	385	75	40	35
Interprovincial migrants	810	435	375	0	0	0
External migrants	1,370	715	650	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	82,905	40,050	42,865	1,530	765	765
Non-movers	49,310	23,690	25,615	950	485	465
Movers	33,600	16,355	17,240	585	285	300
Non-migrants	23,720	11,375	12,345	200	90	115
Migrants	9,880	4,980	4,900	385	195	190
Internal migrants	4,700	2,345	2,360	385	190	185
Intraprovincial migrants	2,500	1,235	1,260	290	145	150
Interprovincial migrants	2,200	1,105	1,095	90	50	45
External migrants	5,180	2,635	2,545	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint Boniface--Saint Vital [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint Boniface--Saint Vital [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint Boniface--Saint Vital [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint Boniface--Saint Vital [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Keremeos [Population centre], British Columbia