Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richer, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba and Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Richer, LUD Manitoba [Designated place]			Brant, CDR Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Richer, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba Map : Richer, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	582	...	...	134,808	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	504	...	...	136,035	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	15.5	...	...	-0.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	232	...	...	54,626	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	222	...	...	52,722	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	108.5	...	...	123.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5.36	...	...	1,093.22	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	585	305	275	134,810	65,710	69,095
0 to 14 years	130	65	65	23,750	12,095	11,660
0 to 4 years	50	30	25	7,560	3,820	3,735
5 to 9 years	40	15	20	8,190	4,165	4,025
10 to 14 years	45	25	20	8,005	4,105	3,895
15 to 64 years	380	205	185	87,390	43,000	44,395
15 to 19 years	45	25	20	8,225	4,240	3,985
20 to 24 years	20	10	15	8,045	4,035	4,010
25 to 29 years	35	20	15	7,805	3,845	3,960
30 to 34 years	45	25	25	8,340	4,070	4,270
35 to 39 years	35	20	20	8,215	4,035	4,180
40 to 44 years	35	15	15	8,425	4,150	4,270
45 to 49 years	40	25	20	8,745	4,290	4,455
50 to 54 years	45	25	15	10,385	5,090	5,295
55 to 59 years	40	25	20	9,985	4,825	5,160
60 to 64 years	35	15	20	9,215	4,420	4,800
65 years and over	70	40	30	23,665	10,625	13,040
65 to 69 years	25	15	5	7,870	3,810	4,060
70 to 74 years	20	10	10	5,480	2,580	2,905
75 to 79 years	10	0	5	3,940	1,805	2,130
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	3,030	1,280	1,750
85 years and over	5	0	0	3,345	1,145	2,200
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	2,055	740	1,320
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	1,015	340	665
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	245	55	190
100 years and over	0	0	0	30	0	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.2	21.3	23.6	17.6	18.4	16.9
15 to 64 years	65.0	67.2	67.3	64.8	65.4	64.3
65 years and over	12.0	13.1	10.9	17.6	16.2	18.9
85 years and over	0.9	0.0	0.0	2.5	1.7	3.2
Average age of the population	36.8	36.9	36.8	41.2	40.1	42.1
Median age of the population	35.9	35.8	35.9	41.7	40.7	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	225	...	...	52,720	...	...
Single-detached house	190	...	...	35,335	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	3,895	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	13,475	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	2,735	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	4,300	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	1,625	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	4,620	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	195	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	25	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	220	...	...	52,725	...	...
1 person	50	...	...	13,545	...	...
2 persons	75	...	...	18,250	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	8,625	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	7,625	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	4,670	...	...
Number of persons in private households	585	...	...	132,245	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	450	240	215	111,060	53,620	57,435
Married or living common law	275	140	135	64,485	32,225	32,260
Married	220	110	110	53,065	26,520	26,545
Living common law	55	25	25	11,420	5,710	5,715
Not married and not living common law	180	105	75	46,570	21,390	25,175
Never married	100	65	40	28,565	15,470	13,090
Separated	15	5	10	4,055	1,720	2,335
Divorced	40	25	20	6,905	2,730	4,180
Widowed	15	5	10	7,045	1,480	5,570
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	165	...	...	38,920	...	...
2 persons	90	...	...	19,585	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	8,590	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	7,365	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	3,375	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	170	...	...	38,920	...	...
Total couple families	135	...	...	31,730	...	...
Married couples	110	...	...	26,020	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...	5,710	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	35	...	...	7,190	...	...
Female parent	25	...	...	5,640	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	1,545	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	140	...	...	31,725	...	...
Couples without children	70	...	...	15,340	...	...
Couples with children	65	...	...	16,385	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	6,440	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	6,770	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	3,180	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	30	...	...	7,190	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	4,245	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	2,150	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	795	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	100	60	40	19,685	9,260	10,425
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	225	...	...	52,725	...	...
One-census-family households	165	...	...	36,540	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	70	...	...	14,415	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	100	...	...	22,125	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	1,165	...	...
Non-census-family households	55	...	...	15,015	...	...
One-person households	50	...	...	13,545	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	1,470	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	585	305	275	133,355	65,145	68,210
English only	420	230	185	126,465	62,335	64,125
French only	5	5	0	30	15	20
English and French	160	75	85	6,025	2,475	3,555
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	825	315	515
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	580	310	275	133,350	65,140	68,210
English	465	250	220	131,205	64,220	66,985
French	110	55	60	1,210	565	650
English and French	0	5	0	140	60	80
Neither English nor French	5	5	0	790	295	500
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	115	60	60	1,280	590	685
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	19.8	19.4	21.8	1.0	0.9	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	585	305	275	133,350	65,140	68,210
Single responses	570	300	270	131,940	64,485	67,455
Official languages	545	285	265	118,515	58,055	60,460
English	430	225	200	117,230	57,450	59,780
French	115	55	60	1,285	605	680
Non-official languages	25	15	10	13,425	6,430	6,990
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	13,380	6,410	6,970
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	375	195	175
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	355	185	170
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	285	150	135
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	55	25	25
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	655	300	350
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	625	285	340
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	485	180	310
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	20	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	425	155	270
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	105	55	55
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	35	15	15
Telugu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	15	5	10,020	4,855	5,165
Albanian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,585	1,185	1,400
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Slavic languages	0	5	0	2,555	1,170	1,380
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Croatian	0	0	0	110	65	45
Czech	0	0	0	45	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	1,725	775	945
Russian	0	0	0	120	50	70
Serbian	0	0	0	115	65	50
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	85	40	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	270	120	150
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	5	2,025	965	1,060
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	10	5
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dutch	0	0	0	1,045	530	520
Frisian	0	0	0	40	20	15
German	20	10	5	815	360	455
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	45	20	30
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	170	90	75
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,295	1,160	1,135
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,195	1,110	1,090
Bengali	0	0	0	55	25	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	260	135	125
Hindi	0	0	0	165	85	80
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	25	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	15	5	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,350	675	680
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Urdu	0	0	0	295	155	140
Iranian languages	0	0	0	90	45	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	85	45	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	5	0	2,885	1,425	1,465
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,310	650	660
Portuguese	0	0	0	830	410	425
Romanian	0	0	0	150	70	75
Spanish	0	0	0	595	295	295
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	20	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	195	85	110
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	10	15
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	605	290	320
Chinese languages	0	0	0	600	285	315
Cantonese	0	0	0	215	105	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	325	155	175
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	25	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Lao	0	0	0	55	25	30
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	645	315	330
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	5	0	5	600	295	300
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	5	1,410	655	755
English and French	5	5	5	225	100	125
English and non-official language	5	5	5	1,120	525	595
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	580	305	275	133,350	65,140	68,210
Single responses	565	300	265	130,765	63,905	66,855
Official languages	555	290	265	125,460	61,395	64,070
English	520	280	245	125,165	61,255	63,910
French	35	15	20	295	135	160
Non-official languages	10	5	0	5,305	2,515	2,790
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	15	5	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	5,290	2,505	2,785
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	155	75	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	145	70	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	145	70	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	485	230	255
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	475	225	250
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	165	70	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	155	65	90
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	70	30	40
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	0	3,535	1,670	1,865
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	865	400	470
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	860	395	465
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	670	305	360
Russian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	170	85	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	65	35	35
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	10	10	5	80	40	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,490	725	770
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,445	700	740
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	185	95	85
Hindi	0	0	0	75	35	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	980	475	505
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	145	70	75
Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	20	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	940	425	515
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	340	145	195
Portuguese	0	0	0	245	110	130
Romanian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Spanish	0	0	0	300	140	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	155	65	90
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	65	40	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	45	25	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	395	205	190
Chinese languages	0	0	0	395	200	190
Cantonese	0	0	0	125	65	65
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	240	130	115
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	30	10	20
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	135	60	70
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	130	60	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	10	2,585	1,235	1,350
English and French	15	10	10	110	50	60
English and non-official language	5	0	0	2,425	1,165	1,260
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	15	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	580	310	275	133,350	65,140	68,210
None	475	260	215	125,435	61,485	63,950
English	30	15	15	2,370	1,145	1,230
French	60	30	35	1,085	425	660
Non-official language	15	10	10	4,345	2,025	2,320
Aboriginal	0	0	0	110	50	55
Non-Aboriginal	15	5	5	4,235	1,980	2,260
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	25	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	455	240	215	108,520	52,600	55,920
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	425	220	200	104,260	50,550	53,715
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,707	45,440	24,896	33,266	40,672	27,752
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	420	220	205	104,280	50,550	53,730
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,995	37,824	22,432	30,485	36,220	25,804
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	370	200	170	92,900	46,050	46,850
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,064	45,995	20,544	31,521	39,962	24,491
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	310	150	160	76,365	33,490	42,870
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,264	6,128	8,112	6,736	5,572	7,144
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	330	180	145	76,730	39,440	37,290
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,192	45,952	22,848	33,814	41,513	27,320
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	415	220	195	108,525	52,600	55,925
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	390	215	180	104,185	50,500	53,685
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,607	49,161	25,787	42,016	49,334	35,132
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	390	215	180	104,215	50,505	53,710
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,093	39,989	22,503	35,787	41,160	30,735
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	340	200	140	92,800	46,035	46,770
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,736	46,594	22,506	40,213	48,273	32,278
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	285	145	140	76,565	33,640	42,930
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,755	7,630	9,913	8,431	8,000	8,769
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	280	175	105	76,735	39,465	37,270
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,718	49,464	26,302	41,040	48,074	33,592
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	415	220	195	108,525	52,600	55,925
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	140	100	40	39,000	22,485	16,520
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,703	57,844	51,148	50,771	56,197	44,132
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,775	61,722	50,861	58,341	64,357	50,155
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.7	87.6	75.8	85.5	89.4	80.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.7	81.5	68.5	71.6	75.9	66.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.1	11.6	24.7	14.5	10.6	19.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	455	240	215	108,520	52,600	55,925
Without total income	35	20	10	4,260	2,050	2,210
With total income	420	220	200	104,260	50,545	53,710
Percentage with total income	92.3	91.7	93.0	96.1	96.1	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	55	15	35	13,090	5,500	7,590
$10,000 to $19,999	75	25	50	18,160	6,825	11,335
$20,000 to $29,999	65	25	40	16,295	6,550	9,745
$30,000 to $39,999	65	30	30	13,165	6,030	7,140
$40,000 to $49,999	50	30	20	11,650	5,700	5,950
$50,000 to $59,999	45	35	15	8,650	4,825	3,820
$60,000 to $69,999	35	30	5	6,315	3,845	2,475
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	4,345	2,770	1,575
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	0	3,455	2,220	1,230
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	3,040	1,815	1,230
$100,000 and over	15	10	5	6,095	4,470	1,630
$100,000 to $149,999	5	10	0	4,530	3,270	1,260
$150,000 and over	5	0	0	1,565	1,200	365
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	455	240	215	108,520	52,600	55,925
Without after-tax income	30	20	10	4,245	2,050	2,190
With after-tax income	425	220	200	104,285	50,550	53,735
Percentage with after-tax income	93.4	91.7	93.0	96.1	96.1	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	60	15	40	13,480	5,605	7,870
$10,000 to $19,999	80	30	50	19,030	7,170	11,860
$20,000 to $29,999	75	30	45	18,805	7,840	10,965
$30,000 to $39,999	75	35	35	15,975	7,460	8,515
$40,000 to $49,999	65	45	20	12,735	6,845	5,890
$50,000 to $59,999	45	30	10	8,325	4,990	3,335
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	5	5,530	3,595	1,940
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	0	4,285	2,630	1,650
$80,000 and over	10	5	5	6,105	4,405	1,705
$80,000 to $89,999	0	5	0	2,370	1,605	770
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,290	935	350
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	2,450	1,865	580
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	455	240	215	108,525	52,600	55,925
Without employment income	130	60	65	31,795	13,160	18,630
With employment income	325	180	145	76,730	39,440	37,290
Percentage with employment income	71.4	75.0	67.4	70.7	75.0	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	20	30	10,275	5,010	5,265
$5,000 to $9,999	15	0	15	6,400	2,625	3,780
$10,000 to $19,999	35	15	25	9,895	4,030	5,870
$20,000 to $29,999	50	25	25	8,595	3,595	5,005
$30,000 to $39,999	40	15	20	8,650	3,850	4,800
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	10	8,275	4,140	4,130
$50,000 to $59,999	45	30	15	6,360	3,780	2,580
$60,000 to $69,999	25	20	5	4,615	3,010	1,600
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	3,400	2,235	1,170
$80,000 and over	25	20	0	10,265	7,170	3,095
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	2,855	1,885	970
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	2,675	1,610	1,070
$100,000 and over	15	10	0	4,735	3,675	1,055
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	225	...	...	52,725	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,584	...	...	68,741	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,832	...	...	61,112	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	50	...	...	13,545	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,192	...	...	32,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,968	...	...	29,642	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	170	...	...	39,175	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,056	...	...	85,102	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,872	...	...	74,818	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	205	...	...	52,720	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,749	...	...	83,028	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,306	...	...	70,741	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	13,560	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,468	...	...	40,112	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,353	...	...	34,690	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	165	...	...	39,155	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,616	...	...	97,894	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,467	...	...	83,230	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	220	...	...	52,720	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	485	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	520	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,435	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	1,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	2,455	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	2,175	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	2,455	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	2,430	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	2,425	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	2,270	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	4,260	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	3,950	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	3,615	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	3,345	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	3,020	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	15,935	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	5,825	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	3,815	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	3,945	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	2,350	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	225	...	...	52,725	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	520	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	530	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,475	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	2,015	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	2,785	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	2,420	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	2,775	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	2,880	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	2,825	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	2,625	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	5,030	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	4,500	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	4,250	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	3,670	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	2,995	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	11,435	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	5,215	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	3,055	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	3,165	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	165	...	...	38,120	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,373	...	...	84,966	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,592	...	...	74,684	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	14,050	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,192	...	...	75,968	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,568	...	...	67,058	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	16,595	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,368	...	...	110,270	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	73,984	...	...	94,861	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	6,570	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,000	...	...	48,433	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,008	...	...	45,586	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	155	...	...	38,110	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,587	...	...	97,915	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,294	...	...	83,170	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	14,040	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,435	...	...	88,756	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,410	...	...	75,125	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	16,535	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,017	...	...	121,772	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	80,942	...	...	102,450	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	6,650	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	57,576	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	51,662	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	75	45	25	17,105	8,195	8,910
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,760	38,400	19,136	30,474	33,843	27,948
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,968	32,192	19,136	28,041	30,600	26,070
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	65	40	25	17,090	8,315	8,775
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,761	38,845	0	37,788	40,583	35,140
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	26,895	31,973	0	32,768	34,636	30,997
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	585	310	275	132,245	64,670	67,570
In the bottom half of the distribution	395	200	190	67,930	32,065	35,870
In the bottom decile	75	35	35	11,320	5,275	6,045
In the second decile	95	50	45	13,535	5,965	7,565
In the third decile	65	35	35	14,375	6,780	7,600
In the fourth decile	85	40	40	14,370	6,960	7,410
In the fifth decile	75	35	45	14,325	7,085	7,240
In the top half of the distribution	190	110	80	64,310	32,610	31,705
In the sixth decile	50	30	25	14,200	7,160	7,035
In the seventh decile	60	30	25	14,130	7,185	6,945
In the eighth decile	40	30	20	13,960	7,030	6,925
In the ninth decile	30	15	15	12,935	6,565	6,375
In the top decile	10	0	0	9,085	4,665	4,415
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	585	305	275	131,640	64,360	67,280
0 to 17 years	160	85	70	28,485	14,570	13,915
0 to 5 years	55	30	30	9,045	4,565	4,475
18 to 64 years	355	180	175	81,315	39,705	41,610
65 years and over	70	40	30	21,835	10,085	11,755
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	120	70	55	17,510	7,845	9,670
0 to 17 years	50	30	15	4,945	2,495	2,455
0 to 5 years	10	10	5	1,710	855	860
18 to 64 years	55	25	30	10,165	4,535	5,630
65 years and over	15	10	5	2,400	815	1,590
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	20.5	23.0	20.0	13.3	12.2	14.4
0 to 17 years (%)	31.3	35.3	21.4	17.4	17.1	17.6
0 to 5 years (%)	18.2	33.3	16.7	18.9	18.7	19.2
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	13.9	17.1	12.5	11.4	13.5
65 years and over (%)	21.4	25.0	16.7	11.0	8.1	13.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	20	20	8,210	3,945	4,265
0 to 17 years	10	10	5	2,060	1,040	1,025
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	720	340	375
18 to 64 years	25	10	15	5,800	2,765	3,030
65 years and over	5	5	0	350	140	210
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.0	6.6	7.3	6.2	6.1	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	6.3	11.8	7.1	7.2	7.1	7.4
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	8.0	7.4	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	5.6	8.6	7.1	7.0	7.3
65 years and over (%)	7.1	12.5	0.0	1.6	1.4	1.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	510	275	240	132,245	64,675	67,570
Official languages	515	270	240	131,465	64,390	67,075
English	510	275	240	131,440	64,375	67,065
French	135	55	75	6,010	2,595	3,415
Non-official languages	20	10	10	16,875	8,225	8,655
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	205	100	100
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	55	25	25
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	160	80	80
Cayuga	0	0	0	40	10	30
Mohawk	0	0	0	125	70	55
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	16,680	8,125	8,555
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	635	300	330
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	635	300	330
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	535	270	260
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	25	10	20
Maltese	0	0	0	70	25	45
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	775	370	400
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	760	365	400
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	640	250	390
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	40	10	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	35	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	20	0	20
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	615	240	375
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	40	30
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	105	50	60
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	55	25	25
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	12,520	6,170	6,355
Albanian	0	0	0	65	30	30
Armenian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,865	1,345	1,525
Baltic languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	10	25
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,830	1,325	1,500
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	155	80	75
Czech	0	0	0	65	35	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polish	0	0	0	1,930	890	1,045
Russian	0	0	0	200	100	100
Serbian	0	0	0	175	95	80
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	115	75	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	305	130	175
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	10	2,575	1,235	1,340
Afrikaans	0	0	0	45	30	15
Danish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Dutch	0	0	0	1,370	720	645
Frisian	0	0	0	25	10	20
German	15	10	10	1,105	485	615
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	40	15	30
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	215	110	115
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,820	1,465	1,355
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,750	1,430	1,325
Bengali	0	0	0	55	25	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	355	190	165
Hindi	0	0	0	825	430	395
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,740	900	845
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	540	280	255
Iranian languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	60	35	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	4,160	2,090	2,065
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,725	925	800
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,120	565	555
Romanian	0	0	0	200	80	115
Spanish	0	0	0	1,255	610	645
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	65	40	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	250	110	150
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	100	55	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	45	20	20
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	175	80	100
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	30	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	55	60
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	735	365	375
Chinese languages	0	0	0	735	360	375
Cantonese	0	0	0	295	145	145
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	460	225	235
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	100	35	60
Lao	0	0	0	90	35	60
Thai	0	0	0	45	20	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	745	385	360
Estonian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Finnish	0	0	0	40	10	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	660	345	310
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	510	270	240	132,240	64,675	67,570
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	510	270	235	128,895	63,025	65,875
Canadian citizens aged under 18	120	55	65	28,510	14,555	13,955
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	390	215	175	100,380	48,470	51,915
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	3,350	1,650	1,695
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	510	270	240	132,245	64,675	67,570
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	475	255	220	115,415	56,385	59,030
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	30	20	15	16,470	8,110	8,370
Before 1981	20	10	10	8,215	4,145	4,075
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	2,140	1,025	1,120
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	2,455	1,170	1,285
2001 to 2010	10	0	10	2,560	1,235	1,320
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	1,330	635	690
2006 to 2010	10	0	0	1,225	595	630
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,100	535	565
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	355	185	175
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	30	20	10	16,470	8,105	8,365
Under 5 years	0	10	0	2,040	1,100	940
5 to 14 years	10	0	0	3,405	1,765	1,640
15 to 24 years	15	10	0	4,555	2,080	2,475
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	5,445	2,655	2,795
45 years and over	10	0	10	1,030	510	515
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30	20	15	16,470	8,105	8,370
Americas	20	10	10	2,215	1,070	1,145
Brazil	0	0	0	105	35	70
Colombia	0	0	0	85	35	50
El Salvador	0	0	0	50	15	35
Guyana	10	0	0	90	50	40
Haiti	0	0	0	20	15	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	450	245	210
Mexico	0	0	0	95	25	75
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	150	95	50
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	815	350	460
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	350	200	150
Europe	10	10	10	9,445	4,725	4,720
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	35	20	15
Croatia	0	0	0	125	60	65
France	0	0	0	60	40	20
Germany	0	0	0	535	265	270
Greece	0	0	0	100	50	50
Hungary	10	0	0	265	135	130
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	120	50	70
Italy	0	0	0	960	515	450
Netherlands	0	0	0	1,110	615	495
Poland	0	0	0	1,280	555	720
Portugal	0	0	0	570	295	270
Romania	0	0	0	175	80	95
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	15	30
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	100	50	55
Ukraine	0	0	0	85	40	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	3,270	1,640	1,630
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	610	300	315
Africa	0	0	0	380	200	175
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	40	20	20
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	45	25	25
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	60	40	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	195	100	95
Asia	0	0	0	4,335	2,055	2,285
Afghanistan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	30	15	20
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	400	175	225
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	40	25	15
India	0	0	0	1,590	785	805
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	45	25	20
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	135	60	80
Lebanon	0	0	0	75	35	45
Pakistan	0	0	0	345	185	160
Philippines	0	0	0	615	250	370
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	30	15	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	535	250	285
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	395	190	205
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	95	60	30
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,100	535	560
Americas	0	0	0	205	120	85
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	35	20	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	90	55	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	20	20
Europe	0	0	0	165	90	75
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	80	60	25
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	45	15	30
Africa	0	0	0	85	40	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	25	25
Asia	0	0	0	645	280	365
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	60	20	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	230	110	120
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Philippines	0	0	0	150	75	75
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	20	40
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	50	20	30
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	515	270	240	132,245	64,675	67,570
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	35	15	15	17,380	8,580	8,800
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	55	40	15	24,930	12,155	12,775
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	420	215	210	89,940	43,935	46,005
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	20	10	10	8,515	4,110	4,405
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	3,515	1,815	1,700
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,350	875	480
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	2,155	940	1,220
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	10	10	3,740	1,590	2,150
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,235	690	540
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	510	270	235	132,245	64,670	67,570
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	130	60	70	6,910	3,260	3,655
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	130	60	70	6,710	3,170	3,540
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	10	5,605	2,555	3,050
Métis	115	50	65	1,080	610	470
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	95	40	55
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	110	45	65
Non-Aboriginal identity	375	210	170	125,330	61,420	63,920
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	515	270	240	132,245	64,675	67,570
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	10	0	4,245	1,910	2,330
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	500	270	235	128,000	62,765	65,240
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	510	270	240	132,245	64,670	67,570
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	10	10	2,165	960	1,200
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	0	10	2,120	940	1,185
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	2,020	905	1,115
Métis single ancestry	15	10	10	95	30	60
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	45	25	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	110	55	55	6,130	2,970	3,165
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	100	55	45	5,990	2,885	3,100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	5,015	2,380	2,630
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	95	45	50	955	500	450
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	140	80	65
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	120	65	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	395	215	175	123,950	60,745	63,205
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	510	270	240	132,245	64,675	67,570
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10	10	0	10,245	5,120	5,120
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	15	10	0	3,310	1,680	1,630
Chinese	0	0	0	885	405	485
Black	0	0	0	2,230	1,165	1,065
Filipino	0	0	0	820	380	440
Latin American	0	0	0	505	240	265
Arab	0	0	0	445	225	225
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	1,070	515	560
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Korean	0	0	0	290	130	160
Japanese	0	0	0	70	40	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	225	125	100
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	325	190	140
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	500	260	240	122,000	59,555	62,445
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	510	270	240	132,245	64,670	67,570
North American Aboriginal origins	120	55	65	8,295	3,930	4,365
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	10	0	7,200	3,380	3,820
Inuit	0	0	0	50	20	30
Métis	110	45	65	1,230	635	595
Other North American origins	200	95	105	44,525	21,405	23,125
Acadian	0	0	0	215	100	115
American	0	0	0	1,505	630	875
Canadian	205	100	105	43,120	20,810	22,310
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	265	105	160
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Québécois	0	0	0	65	50	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	40	15	20
European origins	375	205	170	100,265	48,880	51,390
British Isles origins	210	115	95	70,855	34,050	36,800
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	75	35	35	44,640	21,230	23,415
Irish	115	65	50	25,580	12,130	13,455
Manx	0	0	0	35	25	10
Scottish	85	35	50	30,625	14,560	16,065
Welsh	10	0	0	2,800	1,330	1,470
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	20	10	10	4,340	2,085	2,255
French origins	140	75	65	12,645	6,030	6,610
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	10
French	140	75	65	12,635	6,025	6,610
Western European origins (except French origins)	55	20	35	27,690	13,525	14,165
Austrian	0	0	0	585	305	275
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	10	10	1,305	590	715
Dutch	0	10	0	10,565	5,280	5,275
Flemish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	60	20	35
German	40	10	25	17,015	8,170	8,850
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swiss	0	0	0	410	205	205
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	0	0	2,430	1,190	1,240
Danish	0	0	0	705	340	365
Finnish	10	0	0	430	200	235
Icelandic	0	0	10	90	30	60
Norwegian	0	0	0	540	295	245
Swedish	0	0	0	620	315	305
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	145	70	75
Eastern European origins	80	40	35	16,885	8,280	8,605
Bulgarian	0	0	0	70	65	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Czech	0	0	0	385	195	190
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	195	105	95
Estonian	0	0	0	140	65	75
Hungarian	0	0	0	4,150	2,165	1,985
Latvian	0	0	0	100	55	50
Lithuanian	0	0	0	275	130	145
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	15	7,185	3,385	3,800
Romanian	0	0	0	680	305	370
Russian	10	0	10	890	440	445
Slovak	0	0	0	345	205	140
Ukrainian	55	35	20	4,580	2,255	2,325
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Southern European origins	10	10	10	13,215	6,750	6,465
Albanian	0	0	0	70	30	45
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	415	205	205
Cypriot	0	0	0	35	20	15
Greek	0	0	0	615	305	305
Italian	15	10	10	8,080	4,210	3,875
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Maltese	0	0	0	545	285	255
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,460	1,275	1,185
Serbian	0	0	0	340	180	160
Sicilian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	130	75	50
Spanish	0	0	0	850	375	475
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	265	130	140
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	520	245	275
Basque	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jewish	0	0	0	215	100	110
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	255	110	145
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	1,940	1,055	885
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	120	65	60
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuban	0	0	0	50	15	30
Dominican	0	0	0	65	45	25
Grenadian	0	0	0	45	30	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	65	35	25
Jamaican	0	0	0	1,095	555	540
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	275	170	105
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	30	20	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	145	75	75
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	75	30	40
Latin, Central and South American origins	20	15	10	1,135	560	575
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	20	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	125	60	70
Chilean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	120	50	75
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Guatemalan	0	0	0	60	30	30
Guyanese	10	10	0	250	130	125
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Honduran	0	0	0	30	20	10
Maya	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mexican	0	0	0	175	80	95
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	75	30	50
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	10	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	90	50	40
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	70	35	35
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	30	20	10
African origins	0	0	0	1,030	490	540
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	110	60	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	15	10
North African origins	0	0	0	195	100	90
Algerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	115	55	65
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	35	35	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	225	105	120
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	15
Ethiopian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	25	10	15
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	95	45	55
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	70	35	40
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	540	245	295
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	125	35	85
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	415	210	205
Asian origins	10	10	0	7,840	3,860	3,980
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	980	470	505
Afghan	0	0	0	65	40	25
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	100	50	50
Armenian	0	0	0	175	75	95
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	65	30	35
Israeli	0	0	0	25	15	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	160	70	85
Palestinian	0	0	0	210	105	100
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	10	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syrian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	55	25	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	20	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	25	10	15
South Asian origins	10	10	0	3,450	1,750	1,700
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	30	10	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	2,705	1,395	1,315
Goan	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	385	205	175
Punjabi	0	0	0	310	170	140
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	65	25	40
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	15
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	115	60	55
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	3,465	1,665	1,800
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese	0	0	0	1,160	540	620
Filipino	0	0	0	960	445	515
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	95	60	35
Japanese	0	0	0	95	60	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	320	135	180
Laotian	0	0	0	155	75	85
Malaysian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	855	415	445
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	155	75	85
Australian	0	0	0	115	50	65
New Zealander	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	15	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	15	15	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	205	...	...	52,725	...	...
Owner	180	...	...	38,160	...	...
Renter	25	...	...	14,550	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	205	...	...	52,720	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	4,040	...	...
Not condominium	200	...	...	48,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	205	...	...	52,725	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	175	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	4,790	...	...
2 bedrooms	55	...	...	11,805	...	...
3 bedrooms	105	...	...	22,505	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	35	...	...	13,450	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	200	...	...	52,720	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	45	...	...	9,085	...	...
5 rooms	60	...	...	6,780	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	8,580	...	...
7 rooms	30	...	...	8,760	...	...
8 or more rooms	45	...	...	19,520	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.0	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	205	...	...	52,720	...	...
One person or fewer per room	205	...	...	52,390	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	335	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	205	...	...	52,720	...	...
Suitable	195	...	...	50,965	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	1,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	205	...	...	52,725	...	...
1960 or before	55	...	...	18,670	...	...
1961 to 1980	65	...	...	14,715	...	...
1981 to 1990	30	...	...	5,710	...	...
1991 to 2000	10	...	...	5,105	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	3,345	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	2,905	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	2,285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	205	...	...	52,725	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	170	...	...	49,140	...	...
Major repairs needed	40	...	...	3,580	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	205	...	...	52,720	...	...
1 household maintainer	125	...	...	30,250	...	...
2 household maintainers	80	...	...	21,525	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	945	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	205	...	...	52,725	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,270	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	6,930	...	...
35 to 44 years	20	...	...	8,730	...	...
45 to 54 years	55	...	...	10,710	...	...
55 to 64 years	30	...	...	11,010	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	8,005	...	...
75 to 84 years	20	...	...	4,360	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,715	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	205	...	...	51,945	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	185	...	...	39,830	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	25	...	...	12,110	...	...
30% to less than 100%	15	...	...	11,075	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	180	...	...	37,480	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	72.2	...	...	63.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.1	...	...	14.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	932	...	...	1,155	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	913	...	...	1,227	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,642	...	...	300,113	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	188,429	...	...	337,344	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	14,490	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	15.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	45.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	901	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	926	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	415	220	195	108,520	52,600	55,920
No certificate, diploma or degree	160	85	75	22,480	11,635	10,845
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	130	60	70	33,815	16,370	17,445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	130	80	50	52,225	24,595	27,630
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	60	15	8,400	6,090	2,310
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	50	35	15	4,025	2,530	1,490
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	30	25	10	4,380	3,560	820
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	45	10	30	27,080	11,270	15,805
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,560	745	815
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	0	15,195	6,490	8,705
Bachelor's degree	10	0	0	10,795	4,350	6,445
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,110	455	655
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	435	315	120
Master's degree	10	10	0	2,515	1,175	1,340
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	340	195	145
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	270	145	125	70,445	34,360	36,080
No certificate, diploma or degree	80	40	40	9,220	5,285	3,935
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	90	45	50	21,250	10,760	10,490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	95	60	40	39,980	18,315	21,665
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	55	50	10	5,785	4,200	1,585
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	35	30	10	2,735	1,725	1,010
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	20	0	3,055	2,470	585
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	35	10	25	21,365	8,865	12,500
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,070	515	555
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	10	0	11,760	4,745	7,015
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	8,410	3,280	5,130
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	885	340	550
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	330	210	120
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,875	770	1,100
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	265	145	120
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	420	220	200	108,520	52,600	55,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	285	145	145	56,295	28,005	28,290
Education	10	0	0	3,295	830	2,465
13. Education	10	0	10	3,295	830	2,460
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,030	920	1,110
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	415	300	120
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,615	625	995
Humanities	0	0	0	2,580	1,010	1,565
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	170	55	115
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	635	190	440
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	685	225	460
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	120	70	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	400	230	170
54. History	0	0	0	470	225	235
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	90	0	85
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	5,295	1,440	3,855
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	15	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	510	185	320
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,500	105	1,400
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	650	185	465
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	105	20	90
42. Psychology	0	0	0	715	140	570
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,760	800	960
Business, management and public administration	30	10	20	9,470	3,390	6,080
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	50	20	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	1,380	220	1,160
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	0	20	8,045	3,150	4,890
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,510	770	735
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	540	220	320
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	340	165	175
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	0	25
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	495	335	160
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	105	40	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,360	835	520
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,010	700	315
25. Library science	0	0	0	110	0	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	220	120	100
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	55	50	10	11,845	11,250	590
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	355	285	70
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,115	970	145
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,715	2,520	195
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	25	0	2,125	2,065	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	25	0	3,240	3,175	60
48. Precision production	0	0	0	2,295	2,235	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,200	720	480
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	860	520	340
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	345	200	150
Health and related fields	0	0	0	9,420	1,395	8,020
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	870	370	510
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	8,435	940	7,500
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	110	90	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	20	10	4,195	2,025	2,165
12. Personal and culinary services	15	0	15	2,130	415	1,710
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	1,330	910	420
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	720	690	30
Other	0	0	0	40	10	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	40	10	30
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	270	145	125	70,445	34,365	36,085
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	170	90	85	30,465	16,045	14,420
Education	0	0	0	2,335	510	1,825
13. Education	10	0	10	2,335	510	1,825
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,545	690	860
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	300	215	85
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,250	475	775
Humanities	0	0	0	1,895	705	1,185
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	115	25	85
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	480	135	340
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	555	180	375
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	75	40	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	250	135	120
54. History	0	0	0	360	185	175
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	60	0	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	0	4,180	1,065	3,115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	450	170	280
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,260	75	1,180
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	555	130	425
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	75	10	65
42. Psychology	0	0	0	500	100	405
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,305	575	730
Business, management and public administration	20	10	10	7,500	2,660	4,840
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	35	20	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	1,190	170	1,020
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	20	10	15	6,275	2,465	3,805
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,160	575	585
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	425	165	265
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	255	140	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	0	20
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	380	240	145
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,130	715	410
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	860	620	240
25. Library science	0	0	0	85	10	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	170	80	90
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	45	40	0	8,770	8,275	495
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	270	200	65
14. Engineering	10	0	10	810	680	125
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,110	1,945	165
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	1,520	1,465	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	2,415	2,370	40
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,650	1,605	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	950	515	440
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	680	370	310
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	270	150	125
Health and related fields	0	0	0	7,310	1,070	6,240
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	675	265	415
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	6,550	740	5,805
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	85	65	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	0	3,170	1,530	1,640
12. Personal and culinary services	10	10	10	1,520	295	1,220
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	1,065	685	380
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	580	550	30
Other	0	0	0	35	0	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	35	10	25
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	415	220	195	108,525	52,600	55,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	290	145	145	56,300	28,005	28,290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	130	80	50	52,230	24,595	27,635
Location of study inside Canada	125	75	50	47,115	21,825	25,295
Same as province or territory of residence	110	65	50	45,375	20,970	24,400
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	1,745	855	890
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	5,105	2,770	2,340
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	10	0	1,235	640	595
Philippines	0	0	0	325	135	185
India	0	0	0	575	310	265
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	890	590	300
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	150	60	85
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other	0	0	0	1,905	1,015	890
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	270	150	125	70,440	34,360	36,085
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	170	85	85	30,465	16,045	14,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	95	65	35	39,980	18,315	21,665
Location of study inside Canada	95	55	35	36,650	16,695	19,960
Same as province or territory of residence	85	50	35	35,350	16,085	19,260
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	1,295	605	695
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	0	3,330	1,625	1,705
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	0	860	395	465
Philippines	0	0	0	260	95	165
India	0	0	0	510	270	240
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	295	170	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	135	55	75
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	0	0	0	1,250	620	630
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	415	220	195	108,525	52,600	55,920
In the labour force	240	150	90	70,345	36,440	33,905
Employed	230	145	85	66,015	34,325	31,690
Unemployed	10	0	0	4,325	2,105	2,220
Not in the labour force	180	70	110	38,180	16,165	22,015
Participation rate	57.8	68.2	46.2	64.8	69.3	60.6
Employment rate	55.4	65.9	43.6	60.8	65.3	56.7
Unemployment rate	4.2	0.0	0.0	6.1	5.8	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	415	220	200	108,525	52,600	55,925
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	170	70	100	35,745	14,990	20,755
Worked	245	150	95	72,780	37,610	35,170
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	135	100	40	39,910	23,040	16,875
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	110	55	55	32,870	14,570	18,295
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	46.5	38.7	43.5	44.2	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	240	150	90	70,345	36,440	33,905
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,150	505	650
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	240	150	90	69,190	35,930	33,255
Employee	215	125	85	62,265	31,650	30,620
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	25	25	10	6,925	4,285	2,635
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	240	150	90	70,345	36,435	33,910
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,155	500	650
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	240	150	90	69,190	35,935	33,260
0 Management occupations	20	10	10	7,025	4,295	2,720
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	10	20	9,430	2,710	6,715
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	10	3,180	2,570	605
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	4,335	685	3,650
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15	0	10	7,040	1,920	5,115
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,575	675	905
6 Sales and service occupations	35	10	30	16,215	6,165	10,055
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	105	105	0	12,240	11,290	950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	0	15	1,415	1,055	360
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	6,735	4,555	2,175
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	240	150	90	70,345	36,435	33,910
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,155	505	650
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	240	150	90	69,190	35,930	33,260
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	10	1,550	1,005	545
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	130	110	15
22 Utilities	0	10	0	430	310	115
23 Construction	45	45	0	5,185	4,430	755
31-33 Manufacturing	30	20	10	12,040	8,750	3,290
41 Wholesale trade	10	0	0	3,245	2,250	1,000
44-45 Retail trade	40	15	20	8,180	3,585	4,600
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	25	0	3,685	2,645	1,035
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	915	495	425
52 Finance and insurance	10	10	0	1,690	710	980
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	870	485	385
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	10	0	3,030	1,575	1,450
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	70	35	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	10	0	3,550	1,900	1,650
61 Educational services	15	0	10	4,655	1,180	3,470
62 Health care and social assistance	10	0	0	7,915	1,110	6,805
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	10	1,710	835	885
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	4,675	1,570	3,105
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	10	3,065	1,555	1,515
91 Public administration	25	10	15	2,595	1,405	1,195
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	230	145	80	66,010	34,325	31,690
Worked at home	15	10	0	4,030	1,920	2,115
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	205	175	30
No fixed workplace address	80	75	0	7,120	5,330	1,790
Worked at usual place	135	60	75	54,655	26,905	27,750
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	135	65	75	54,655	26,900	27,750
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10	0	10	28,125	12,520	15,605
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	60	10	45	8,590	4,060	4,530
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	70	50	25	17,855	10,265	7,585
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	85	50	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	215	135	80	61,780	32,235	29,545
Car, truck, van - as a driver	190	125	70	52,020	27,585	24,430
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	10	0	4,480	2,160	2,315
Public transit	0	0	0	1,925	750	1,165
Walked	10	0	0	2,340	1,040	1,300
Bicycle	0	0	0	510	425	85
Other method	0	0	0	515	260	255
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	215	135	80	61,775	32,230	29,545
Less than 15 minutes	25	15	10	22,525	10,285	12,245
15 to 29 minutes	30	10	20	18,680	9,295	9,385
30 to 44 minutes	50	30	25	9,940	5,785	4,155
45 to 59 minutes	55	45	10	5,345	3,215	2,125
60 minutes and over	55	40	20	5,290	3,660	1,625
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	220	135	75	61,775	32,230	29,540
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	40	30	10	5,375	3,890	1,485
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	55	40	10	12,550	8,025	4,525
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	50	20	30	14,860	7,415	7,445
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	25	10	15	11,115	4,075	7,040
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	10	5,310	1,985	3,320
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	50	30	15	12,565	6,835	5,735
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	255	160	100	74,970	38,635	36,335
Single responses	255	160	95	74,615	38,490	36,130
Official languages	250	160	95	74,440	38,400	36,035
English	250	155	95	74,235	38,360	35,870
French	0	0	0	205	40	165
Non-official languages	0	0	0	175	85	90
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	175	85	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	0	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	10	355	145	210
English and French	10	0	0	120	40	85
English and non-official language	0	0	0	235	110	125
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	255	155	100	74,970	38,635	36,335
None	235	150	90	73,375	37,935	35,440
English	0	0	0	260	70	190
French	10	10	0	535	225	315
Non-official language	0	0	0	775	400	380
Aboriginal	0	0	0	25	10	20
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	750	390	360
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	505	265	240	130,710	63,890	66,820
Non-movers	450	235	215	114,005	55,925	58,080
Movers	55	30	25	16,705	7,960	8,740
Non-migrants	25	15	0	9,835	4,605	5,235
Migrants	35	15	20	6,865	3,360	3,510
Internal migrants	35	10	20	6,545	3,210	3,335
Intraprovincial migrants	35	15	20	6,150	3,010	3,145
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	395	195	195
External migrants	0	0	0	320	150	165
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	480	250	230	124,700	60,910	63,790
Non-movers	330	185	145	79,880	39,065	40,815
Movers	155	70	85	44,825	21,850	22,980
Non-migrants	10	0	10	25,085	12,130	12,960
Migrants	140	65	75	19,735	9,720	10,020
Internal migrants	140	65	75	18,380	9,035	9,345
Intraprovincial migrants	130	60	75	17,350	8,525	8,825
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	10	1,025	505	520
External migrants	0	0	0	1,355	685	670

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Richer, LUD [Designated place], Manitoba and Brant, CDR [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richer, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba and Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Richer, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba and Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Richer, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba and Brant, Census division [Census division], Ontario