Census Profile, 2016 Census
Selkirk--Interlake--Eastman [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Peace River C, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Selkirk--Interlake--Eastman Manitoba [Federal electoral district]			Peace River C, RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Selkirk--Interlake--Eastman [Federal electoral district], Manitoba Map : Selkirk--Interlake--Eastman [Federal electoral district], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Peace River C, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	94,778	...	...	6,772	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	91,463	...	...	6,398	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.6	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	52,355	...	...	2,664	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	38,035	...	...	2,471	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.9	...	...	11.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	19,224.98	...	...	577.45	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	94,780	47,820	46,960	6,770	3,530	3,240
0 to 14 years	15,270	7,845	7,425	1,430	745	685
0 to 4 years	4,750	2,400	2,350	410	215	200
5 to 9 years	5,165	2,695	2,465	535	275	260
10 to 14 years	5,355	2,750	2,610	485	255	230
15 to 64 years	60,040	30,545	29,495	4,650	2,400	2,250
15 to 19 years	5,610	2,930	2,685	470	260	210
20 to 24 years	5,135	2,790	2,345	340	155	180
25 to 29 years	4,740	2,485	2,260	325	165	160
30 to 34 years	4,670	2,330	2,340	490	240	255
35 to 39 years	4,615	2,345	2,265	460	245	215
40 to 44 years	5,380	2,720	2,660	465	235	230
45 to 49 years	6,080	2,975	3,105	525	285	240
50 to 54 years	7,885	3,925	3,960	595	290	300
55 to 59 years	8,190	4,115	4,075	560	305	255
60 to 64 years	7,735	3,925	3,805	430	225	205
65 years and over	19,465	9,425	10,040	685	385	300
65 to 69 years	6,795	3,390	3,405	300	175	125
70 to 74 years	4,905	2,470	2,440	180	95	85
75 to 79 years	3,395	1,700	1,700	100	60	40
80 to 84 years	2,325	1,090	1,235	75	40	40
85 years and over	2,045	785	1,260	30	15	15
85 to 89 years	1,260	535	725	15	10	10
90 to 94 years	580	195	390	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	165	40	120	5	5	0
100 years and over	40	5	30	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.1	16.4	15.8	21.1	21.1	21.1
15 to 64 years	63.3	63.9	62.8	68.7	68.0	69.4
65 years and over	20.5	19.7	21.4	10.1	10.9	9.3
85 years and over	2.2	1.6	2.7	0.4	0.4	0.5
Average age of the population	43.5	42.9	44.2	37.5	37.8	37.2
Median age of the population	46.6	45.8	47.5	38.7	39.3	38.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	38,035	...	...	2,470	...	...
Single-detached house	32,275	...	...	2,025	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	500	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	3,280	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	510	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	560	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	105	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,040	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	65	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,970	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	38,035	...	...	2,470	...	...
1 person	9,655	...	...	425	...	...
2 persons	15,625	...	...	995	...	...
3 persons	5,240	...	...	365	...	...
4 persons	4,735	...	...	430	...	...
5 or more persons	2,780	...	...	255	...	...
Number of persons in private households	91,040	...	...	6,710	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	79,510	39,975	39,535	5,340	2,785	2,555
Married or living common law	50,355	25,355	25,000	3,710	1,855	1,855
Married	42,750	21,560	21,190	3,005	1,505	1,500
Living common law	7,605	3,790	3,810	705	350	355
Not married and not living common law	29,155	14,620	14,530	1,630	930	700
Never married	17,910	10,385	7,525	1,165	695	470
Separated	1,865	955	915	100	55	40
Divorced	4,165	2,085	2,075	225	135	90
Widowed	5,210	1,195	4,015	150	45	105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	28,095	...	...	2,010	...	...
2 persons	16,225	...	...	1,015	...	...
3 persons	5,245	...	...	365	...	...
4 persons	4,475	...	...	405	...	...
5 or more persons	2,140	...	...	220	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	28,095	...	...	2,015	...	...
Total couple families	24,430	...	...	1,830	...	...
Married couples	20,630	...	...	1,475	...	...
Common-law couples	3,800	...	...	355	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,660	...	...	180	...	...
Female parent	2,755	...	...	110	...	...
Male parent	905	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,430	...	...	1,825	...	...
Couples without children	14,010	...	...	905	...	...
Couples with children	10,425	...	...	920	...	...
1 child	4,185	...	...	315	...	...
2 children	4,215	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	2,015	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,660	...	...	180	...	...
1 child	2,215	...	...	115	...	...
2 children	1,060	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	385	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,255	6,725	6,525	705	445	255
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	38,035	...	...	2,470	...	...
One-census-family households	27,030	...	...	1,925	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,600	...	...	865	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,425	...	...	1,060	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	525	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,485	...	...	505	...	...
One-person households	9,655	...	...	425	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	830	...	...	80	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	92,780	46,495	46,285	6,765	3,530	3,240
English only	87,005	43,940	43,065	6,460	3,395	3,065
French only	25	15	15	0	0	0
English and French	5,455	2,400	3,060	295	130	165
Neither English nor French	295	140	155	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	92,785	46,495	46,285	6,765	3,525	3,235
English	90,495	45,390	45,105	6,695	3,490	3,210
French	1,945	950	1,000	55	35	20
English and French	70	30	40	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	275	130	145	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,980	965	1,015	60	40	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.1	2.1	2.2	0.9	1.1	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	92,780	46,495	46,285	6,765	3,530	3,240
Single responses	91,710	46,010	45,700	6,720	3,505	3,215
Official languages	82,145	41,265	40,875	6,315	3,310	3,005
English	79,945	40,200	39,740	6,245	3,265	2,980
French	2,205	1,065	1,135	70	50	20
Non-official languages	9,565	4,745	4,820	405	195	205
Aboriginal languages	485	225	260	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	455	210	245	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	65	30	40	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	10	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	20	25	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	390	185	205	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	380	175	200	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	5	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	10	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	5	0	5
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	20	5	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,080	4,520	4,560	395	190	205
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	35	30	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	20	25	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	300	130	170	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	5	0	5
Fijian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	260	115	150	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	35	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	75	35	35	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,290	4,130	4,160	370	180	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,330	1,125	1,200	105	50	55
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,310	1,120	1,190	105	50	55
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	500	240	260	5	5	0
Russian	180	95	90	85	45	45
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,445	675	765	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,170	2,595	2,575	250	130	120
Afrikaans	25	10	15	10	10	10
Danish	30	15	15	10	5	0
Dutch	260	135	120	10	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,520	2,260	2,260	210	110	100
Icelandic	270	135	135	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	10	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	130	70	65	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	110	50	55	0	5	5
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	45	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	625	325	300	15	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	135	75	60	5	0	0
Portuguese	300	155	140	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	15	0	0	5
Spanish	170	85	85	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	35	25	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	50	50	5	0	0
Chinese languages	95	50	45	5	5	5
Cantonese	25	15	15	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	20	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	95	50	45	5	0	5
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	5
Hungarian	70	40	30	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,075	485	585	45	20	25
English and French	245	110	135	5	5	5
English and non-official language	780	355	425	35	20	20
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	92,780	46,500	46,285	6,770	3,530	3,235
Single responses	91,285	45,795	45,490	6,685	3,490	3,195
Official languages	88,060	44,215	43,840	6,570	3,425	3,140
English	87,640	44,030	43,615	6,565	3,425	3,140
French	410	185	230	10	5	5
Non-official languages	3,230	1,580	1,645	120	65	55
Aboriginal languages	130	60	65	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	120	60	65	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	10	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	110	55	55	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,100	1,520	1,585	120	60	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	55	60	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	50	55	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,735	1,330	1,400	115	55	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	295	145	155	55	30	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	295	145	150	55	30	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	45	55	0	0	0
Russian	95	55	40	55	30	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,210	1,065	1,140	60	30	30
Afrikaans	15	5	5	15	5	5
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,140	1,040	1,105	45	20	20
Icelandic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	25	25	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	75	45	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	10	10	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,500	705	800	80	35	40
English and French	150	65	85	10	5	0
English and non-official language	1,335	630	705	70	35	35
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	92,785	46,500	46,285	6,765	3,530	3,235
None	87,350	43,855	43,490	6,515	3,420	3,095
English	1,865	905	960	60	30	35
French	950	430	515	35	15	20
Non-official language	2,575	1,280	1,295	150	70	85
Aboriginal	255	125	135	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,315	1,155	1,160	145	65	75
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	5	5	0	5
French and non-official language	30	15	20	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	76,230	38,055	38,175	5,280	2,755	2,530
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	73,510	36,745	36,760	5,110	2,675	2,430
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,699	44,057	28,957	53,065	75,535	36,198
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	73,525	36,745	36,780	5,115	2,685	2,430
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,515	37,999	26,177	45,557	61,638	33,081
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	67,920	34,645	33,275	4,840	2,595	2,255
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,921	40,736	24,942	52,912	75,849	35,850
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,705	23,760	28,950	2,605	1,005	1,600
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,332	7,988	6,864	3,848	6,488	3,211
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,350	28,745	25,605	4,355	2,365	1,995
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,025	42,034	27,845	49,910	72,667	32,455
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	76,205	38,070	38,135	5,305	2,785	2,520
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	73,425	36,700	36,725	5,140	2,705	2,430
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,052	52,246	35,865	71,880	95,523	45,525
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	73,455	36,705	36,755	5,140	2,715	2,430
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,224	42,169	30,288	55,854	71,421	38,474
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	67,845	34,645	33,200	4,925	2,655	2,270
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,222	49,557	32,525	71,283	94,289	44,417
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,565	23,740	28,830	2,530	985	1,545
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,330	8,446	8,235	7,078	8,439	6,211
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,345	28,870	25,470	4,410	2,390	2,015
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,175	49,019	34,416	66,517	90,282	38,319
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	76,200	38,070	38,130	5,305	2,790	2,515
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	26,850	15,540	11,305	1,895	1,145	755
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,593	58,153	44,309	76,410	97,721	52,173
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,807	65,240	49,966	90,979	112,365	58,415
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.5	89.6	82.0	95.4	96.7	91.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.7	73.6	66.3	79.9	83.5	72.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.5	10.4	18.0	4.7	3.1	8.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	76,230	38,055	38,180	5,280	2,755	2,530
Without total income	2,725	1,310	1,410	175	75	95
With total income	73,505	36,740	36,765	5,105	2,680	2,430
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.5	96.3	96.7	97.3	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,025	3,715	5,310	625	215	415
$10,000 to $19,999	11,540	4,375	7,165	505	185	320
$20,000 to $29,999	10,805	4,325	6,485	480	175	310
$30,000 to $39,999	9,375	4,090	5,285	405	150	255
$40,000 to $49,999	8,490	4,425	4,065	415	165	245
$50,000 to $59,999	6,375	3,715	2,660	365	170	195
$60,000 to $69,999	4,785	3,025	1,760	365	175	185
$70,000 to $79,999	3,720	2,450	1,275	270	175	100
$80,000 to $89,999	2,820	1,765	1,060	240	145	95
$90,000 to $99,999	1,945	1,330	620	265	180	85
$100,000 and over	4,620	3,540	1,085	1,160	940	215
$100,000 to $149,999	3,475	2,605	870	695	535	155
$150,000 and over	1,145	930	215	465	405	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	76,235	38,050	38,180	5,285	2,755	2,525
Without after-tax income	2,705	1,305	1,400	170	70	95
With after-tax income	73,525	36,750	36,780	5,110	2,685	2,430
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.6	96.3	96.7	97.5	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,540	3,815	5,725	660	235	425
$10,000 to $19,999	12,435	4,740	7,690	545	205	340
$20,000 to $29,999	13,020	5,310	7,710	575	210	370
$30,000 to $39,999	11,785	5,660	6,120	510	195	315
$40,000 to $49,999	9,180	5,355	3,825	480	215	265
$50,000 to $59,999	6,435	4,140	2,295	470	235	235
$60,000 to $69,999	4,545	2,885	1,660	355	220	135
$70,000 to $79,999	2,650	1,815	835	370	240	130
$80,000 and over	3,935	3,015	925	1,145	920	225
$80,000 to $89,999	1,510	1,125	385	305	230	75
$90,000 to $99,999	840	625	215	200	160	45
$100,000 and over	1,585	1,260	325	645	535	110
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	76,230	38,055	38,175	5,280	2,755	2,525
Without employment income	21,885	9,310	12,575	925	390	535
With employment income	54,345	28,745	25,600	4,360	2,365	1,995
Percentage with employment income	71.3	75.5	67.1	82.6	85.8	79.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,795	3,900	3,895	495	205	290
$5,000 to $9,999	4,015	1,785	2,220	225	95	130
$10,000 to $19,999	6,830	2,985	3,845	415	150	265
$20,000 to $29,999	6,170	2,585	3,580	385	125	255
$30,000 to $39,999	5,780	2,550	3,225	320	120	200
$40,000 to $49,999	5,455	2,805	2,650	345	145	205
$50,000 to $59,999	4,305	2,525	1,780	295	135	160
$60,000 to $69,999	3,495	2,200	1,300	325	175	145
$70,000 to $79,999	2,985	1,950	1,040	225	145	80
$80,000 and over	7,520	5,455	2,065	1,340	1,080	255
$80,000 to $89,999	2,385	1,485	900	210	135	70
$90,000 to $99,999	1,525	1,095	425	220	155	65
$100,000 and over	3,615	2,880	740	910	780	125
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	38,035	...	...	2,470	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	71,029	...	...	123,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,994	...	...	100,655	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	9,655	...	...	425	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,196	...	...	60,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,424	...	...	52,128	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	28,380	...	...	2,045	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,658	...	...	138,398	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,561	...	...	112,469	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	38,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,079	...	...	149,441	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,986	...	...	116,218	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,625	...	...	445	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,994	...	...	63,765	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,627	...	...	50,991	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	28,390	...	...	2,025	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,351	...	...	168,275	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,637	...	...	130,557	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	38,035	...	...	2,470	...	...
Under $5,000	480	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	490	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	655	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,405	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,630	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,455	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,725	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,645	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,640	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,635	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,060	...	...	105	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,935	...	...	120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,615	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,540	...	...	135	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,190	...	...	115	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,950	...	...	1,525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,405	...	...	310	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,895	...	...	270	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,945	...	...	430	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,705	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	38,035	...	...	2,470	...	...
Under $5,000	515	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	495	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	680	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,470	...	...	35	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,875	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,755	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,965	...	...	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,060	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,030	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,905	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,885	...	...	140	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,530	...	...	150	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,175	...	...	160	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,670	...	...	150	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,235	...	...	175	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,780	...	...	1,250	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,850	...	...	360	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,945	...	...	295	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,985	...	...	590	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	27,875	...	...	1,990	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,450	...	...	138,423	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,351	...	...	112,384	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,335	...	...	860	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,762	...	...	118,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,616	...	...	98,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,530	...	...	940	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,857	...	...	167,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,101	...	...	135,339	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,340	...	...	160	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,982	...	...	70,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,398	...	...	65,088	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	27,895	...	...	1,970	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,249	...	...	169,008	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,501	...	...	130,921	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,345	...	...	875	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,994	...	...	152,049	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,928	...	...	118,814	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,470	...	...	920	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,921	...	...	199,184	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,536	...	...	152,560	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,395	...	...	155	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,491	...	...	90,675	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,076	...	...	74,371	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,220	5,740	5,480	600	395	210
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,310	39,213	29,370	55,211	69,632	35,328
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,655	33,788	27,136	46,720	56,640	31,424
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,170	5,785	5,385	595	410	185
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,725	45,467	37,703	61,384	69,842	42,627
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,674	37,050	32,121	49,444	54,822	37,519
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	91,040	45,680	45,365	6,710	3,495	3,215
In the bottom half of the distribution	45,580	22,030	23,550	1,625	820	805
In the bottom decile	7,790	3,900	3,895	295	145	150
In the second decile	9,015	4,045	4,970	250	130	125
In the third decile	9,390	4,375	5,005	270	135	130
In the fourth decile	9,355	4,620	4,730	375	190	185
In the fifth decile	10,030	5,085	4,945	435	225	215
In the top half of the distribution	45,465	23,650	21,810	5,085	2,680	2,405
In the sixth decile	10,315	5,285	5,030	445	225	220
In the seventh decile	9,995	5,175	4,820	770	385	385
In the eighth decile	9,795	5,140	4,660	835	435	395
In the ninth decile	9,210	4,810	4,400	1,195	640	555
In the top decile	6,145	3,250	2,895	1,840	995	850
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	89,650	44,980	44,675	6,710	3,495	3,215
0 to 17 years	17,655	9,065	8,590	1,725	910	815
0 to 5 years	5,380	2,725	2,650	505	255	245
18 to 64 years	53,885	27,050	26,830	4,310	2,210	2,095
65 years and over	18,115	8,860	9,250	675	380	300
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,675	5,530	6,140	390	195	190
0 to 17 years	3,370	1,740	1,630	110	60	50
0 to 5 years	1,175	595	575	40	30	15
18 to 64 years	5,780	2,780	3,005	210	100	110
65 years and over	2,520	1,015	1,510	65	35	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.0	12.3	13.7	5.8	5.6	5.9
0 to 17 years (%)	19.1	19.2	19.0	6.4	6.6	6.1
0 to 5 years (%)	21.8	21.8	21.7	7.9	11.8	6.1
18 to 64 years (%)	10.7	10.3	11.2	4.9	4.5	5.3
65 years and over (%)	13.9	11.5	16.3	9.6	9.2	11.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,965	2,050	1,915	195	95	100
0 to 17 years	1,160	580	575	55	30	25
0 to 5 years	380	195	185	20	10	5
18 to 64 years	2,565	1,345	1,220	125	55	70
65 years and over	240	120	120	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.6	4.3	2.9	2.7	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	6.6	6.4	6.7	3.2	3.3	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	7.2	7.0	4.0	3.9	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	5.0	4.5	2.9	2.5	3.3
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.4	1.3	2.2	2.6	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	91,010	45,660	45,350	6,710	3,530	3,180
Official languages	90,760	45,545	45,215	6,700	3,525	3,175
English	90,735	45,530	45,200	6,695	3,525	3,170
French	5,585	2,530	3,055	280	130	150
Non-official languages	9,800	4,830	4,975	560	310	250
Aboriginal languages	730	325	405	20	15	0
Algonquian languages	670	295	375	15	15	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	130	30	100	15	15	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	10	10	10	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	95	15	75	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	550	270	280	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	520	255	265	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	10	10	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	35	15	20	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,075	4,505	4,565	540	295	245
Afro-Asiatic languages	130	80	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	130	80	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	75	45	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	25	10	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	415	195	215	40	25	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	20	0	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	385	185	200	45	25	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	40	55	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	95	40	55	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,030	3,980	4,055	485	260	225
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,640	1,300	1,345	125	65	60
Baltic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,625	1,295	1,335	125	65	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	620	290	330	10	0	10
Russian	315	155	165	115	60	50
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,710	850	865	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,380	2,155	2,225	325	180	150
Afrikaans	60	30	30	0	0	0
Danish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Dutch	290	140	160	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,570	1,775	1,790	325	175	150
Icelandic	305	145	155	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Swedish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	65	0	0	0
Greek	45	15	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	175	90	80	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	150	75	70	0	10	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	40	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	25	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,100	595	505	30	15	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	175	105	70	0	0	0
Portuguese	355	205	150	0	0	0
Romanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	555	270	285	35	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	10	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	35	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	40	10	30	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	10	0	0	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	140	55	85	10	0	0
American Sign Language	65	20	45	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	75	35	40	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	55	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	75	50	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	15	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	95	55	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	65	40	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	91,005	45,660	45,350	6,710	3,530	3,185
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	89,185	44,750	44,430	6,570	3,460	3,115
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,030	9,265	8,765	1,695	885	805
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	71,150	35,485	35,670	4,880	2,565	2,310
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,825	910	915	140	70	65
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	91,010	45,660	45,350	6,710	3,530	3,180
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	85,115	42,730	42,385	6,390	3,400	2,995
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,715	2,840	2,870	280	110	170
Before 1981	2,765	1,405	1,360	125	60	65
1981 to 1990	640	280	360	30	10	20
1991 to 2000	585	290	300	60	15	45
2001 to 2010	1,100	550	550	25	20	10
2001 to 2005	540	270	275	10	0	0
2006 to 2010	565	285	275	25	15	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	625	320	305	40	10	30
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	180	90	95	40	25	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,715	2,845	2,870	280	110	170
Under 5 years	840	435	405	65	20	40
5 to 14 years	1,295	710	585	80	25	55
15 to 24 years	1,470	710	765	70	30	40
25 to 44 years	1,790	815	980	60	30	30
45 years and over	315	170	145	10	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,715	2,845	2,870	280	110	175
Americas	1,220	605	615	70	30	40
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mexico	215	95	120	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	15	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	470	220	250	70	30	40
Other places of birth in Americas	420	235	190	0	0	0
Europe	3,535	1,760	1,775	175	60	115
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	45	25	20	0	0	0
France	30	15	15	0	0	0
Germany	730	365	365	85	30	50
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	15	30	0	0	0
Italy	80	45	35	0	0	0
Netherlands	260	150	110	0	0	0
Poland	360	175	185	0	0	0
Portugal	200	110	95	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	80	40	45	45	10	35
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	120	55	70	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,200	570	625	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Europe	305	175	130	10	0	10
Africa	125	65	55	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	50	20	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	35	25	10	0	10	0
Asia	820	395	425	25	15	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	175	90	85	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	0	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	370	165	200	15	10	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	105	50	50	0	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	625	320	305	40	0	30
Americas	90	55	35	15	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	10	20	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	20	10	15	0	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	25	20	0	0	0	0
Europe	130	60	65	25	0	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	15	0	15
Ukraine	30	15	20	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	20	10	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Asia	390	190	200	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	115	55	65	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	205	100	105	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	91,010	45,660	45,350	6,710	3,530	3,180
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,190	3,070	3,115	345	135	210
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	13,145	6,445	6,700	1,100	630	470
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	71,675	36,145	35,530	5,265	2,760	2,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,045	1,480	1,565	160	55	105
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,800	955	845	125	50	75
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	710	470	245	30	25	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,090	485	600	95	25	70
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,000	390	610	40	0	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	225	125	100	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	91,010	45,660	45,350	6,710	3,530	3,180
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	18,680	9,195	9,485	785	400	385
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	18,395	9,065	9,330	735	380	350
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	6,245	2,845	3,405	325	150	175
Métis	12,105	6,205	5,900	400	225	180
Inuk (Inuit)	50	20	25	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	170	60	105	40	15	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	115	60	50	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	72,330	36,465	35,860	5,925	3,130	2,790
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	91,010	45,660	45,350	6,710	3,530	3,180
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	5,885	2,675	3,210	240	105	125
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	85,125	42,990	42,140	6,475	3,420	3,050
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	91,010	45,665	45,350	6,710	3,525	3,180
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	4,565	2,175	2,390	120	50	65
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	4,405	2,080	2,325	100	50	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,885	1,330	1,555	30	10	20
Métis single ancestry	1,515	750	770	70	40	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	155	95	60	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	145	85	55	15	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	14,030	7,005	7,025	700	350	350
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	13,235	6,610	6,620	640	315	325
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,145	1,970	2,180	390	195	200
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	9,045	4,630	4,415	240	120	120
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	790	390	405	60	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	750	370	385	60	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	72,415	36,480	35,930	5,895	3,130	2,765
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	91,010	45,660	45,350	6,710	3,525	3,180
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,740	900	840	95	65	30
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	315	170	145	15	10	10
Chinese	140	80	60	10	10	0
Black	280	110	170	10	10	0
Filipino	515	245	270	45	25	25
Latin American	105	55	50	10	10	0
Arab	85	50	30	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	25	15	15	10	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	35	15	0	0	0
Japanese	65	45	20	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	100	55	45	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	65	45	25	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	89,270	44,760	44,510	6,615	3,470	3,150
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	91,010	45,660	45,350	6,710	3,530	3,180
North American Aboriginal origins	18,595	9,180	9,415	815	395	415
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,955	3,765	4,190	500	235	265
Inuit	100	45	55	10	10	0
Métis	11,490	5,855	5,635	385	190	195
Other North American origins	20,675	10,275	10,390	2,050	1,050	1,005
Acadian	75	50	20	0	0	0
American	645	355	285	95	55	40
Canadian	20,225	10,005	10,215	1,985	1,010	970
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	10	0	0
European origins	76,065	38,180	37,885	5,415	2,845	2,570
British Isles origins	39,025	19,530	19,500	3,470	1,770	1,705
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	22,985	11,360	11,625	2,145	1,080	1,065
Irish	12,710	6,250	6,460	1,285	610	670
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	19,475	9,575	9,900	1,585	825	760
Welsh	1,410	720	685	190	95	95
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,470	750	720	90	40	50
French origins	12,325	6,035	6,290	970	530	445
Alsatian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	15	15	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	12,320	6,030	6,285	975	525	445
Western European origins (except French origins)	24,610	12,455	12,155	2,290	1,155	1,135
Austrian	1,275	675	600	55	15	40
Bavarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,280	640	640	35	25	10
Dutch	4,570	2,295	2,275	345	180	165
Flemish	55	30	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	19,130	9,705	9,430	1,810	960	855
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	455	250	205	240	90	150
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	12,740	6,310	6,435	1,030	525	500
Danish	805	440	365	210	115	95
Finnish	330	165	165	35	20	15
Icelandic	7,550	3,800	3,750	15	0	10
Norwegian	2,155	960	1,190	525	245	280
Swedish	2,820	1,315	1,500	360	185	175
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	195	120	75	15	15	0
Eastern European origins	30,340	15,355	14,980	1,460	740	715
Bulgarian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Czech	415	185	230	60	25	30
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	220	90	125	25	10	15
Estonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	885	435	450	125	70	55
Latvian	270	150	115	0	0	0
Lithuanian	120	60	60	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	11,100	5,595	5,505	280	125	160
Romanian	540	230	315	50	20	25
Russian	2,810	1,435	1,380	495	240	255
Slovak	145	85	55	10	10	0
Ukrainian	22,180	11,170	11,010	590	325	260
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	40	20	25	0	10	0
Southern European origins	3,035	1,500	1,535	240	115	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	130	70	60	20	10	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	125	50	75	10	0	0
Italian	1,490	710	785	125	55	70
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	30	0	20	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	850	445	410	15	10	0
Serbian	40	15	25	0	0	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Spanish	320	160	160	45	30	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	100	55	50	25	0	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	450	250	205	25	20	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	320	190	130	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	115	60	50	15	10	0
Caribbean origins	305	130	170	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Jamaican	115	55	60	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	100	40	65	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	525	260	270	25	15	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	40	15	15	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	60	40	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	250	130	120	25	10	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	100	40	65	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	260	95	160	65	30	35
Central and West African origins	30	15	20	10	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	65	30	35	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	0	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	85	30	55	10	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	65	20	45	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	85	30	50	50	15	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	70	30	40	50	20	30
Asian origins	1,720	940	780	100	50	50
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	375	190	185	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	175	110	65	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	125	40	80	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	370	200	170	15	0	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	310	165	145	10	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	20	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	45	30	15	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	35	20	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	990	550	440	80	40	40
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	230	125	100	25	10	15
Filipino	575	290	285	50	25	25
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	100	75	30	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	35	15	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	80	45	35	15	0	10
Australian	40	20	25	10	0	0
New Zealander	35	30	10	10	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	38,020	...	...	2,475	...	...
Owner	32,355	...	...	2,135	...	...
Renter	5,320	...	...	330	...	...
Band housing	345	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	38,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
Condominium	1,460	...	...	20	...	...
Not condominium	36,555	...	...	2,450	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	38,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
No bedrooms	105	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,335	...	...	60	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,990	...	...	395	...	...
3 bedrooms	16,890	...	...	1,020	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,700	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	38,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,395	...	...	255	...	...
5 rooms	7,635	...	...	380	...	...
6 rooms	7,390	...	...	360	...	...
7 rooms	5,395	...	...	415	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,200	...	...	1,065	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	38,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
One person or fewer per room	37,700	...	...	2,430	...	...
More than 1 person per room	315	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	38,020	...	...	2,475	...	...
Suitable	37,035	...	...	2,405	...	...
Not suitable	980	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	38,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
1960 or before	8,310	...	...	145	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,115	...	...	910	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,930	...	...	285	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,570	...	...	505	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,120	...	...	195	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,600	...	...	210	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,380	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	38,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	34,645	...	...	2,305	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,375	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	38,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
1 household maintainer	22,220	...	...	1,540	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,450	...	...	925	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	350	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	38,020	...	...	2,470	...	...
15 to 24 years	815	...	...	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,875	...	...	390	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,090	...	...	415	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,500	...	...	645	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,890	...	...	545	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,910	...	...	310	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,850	...	...	105	...	...
85 years and over	1,085	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	35,840	...	...	2,370	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,620	...	...	2,055	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	5,225	...	...	315	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,630	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,665	...	...	2,045	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.1	...	...	63.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.5	...	...	12.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	781	...	...	1,463	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	959	...	...	1,615	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,799	...	...	532,229	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	287,862	...	...	577,425	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,245	...	...	325	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	24.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	32.7	...	...	18.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	716	...	...	1,179	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	771	...	...	1,236	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	76,205	38,070	38,135	5,305	2,790	2,520
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,920	10,025	7,895	1,365	790	570
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,185	11,140	12,050	1,535	705	830
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,095	16,910	18,185	2,405	1,290	1,115
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,600	6,275	2,325	925	765	155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,675	2,095	1,585	250	160	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,920	4,185	735	670	605	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,965	5,945	9,020	1,025	375	655
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,520	1,000	1,525	120	35	85
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,010	3,690	5,320	335	115	220
Bachelor's degree	6,715	2,575	4,140	240	85	155
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	870	330	545	15	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190	115	75	25	10	10
Master's degree	1,055	570	485	55	10	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	180	105	70	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	47,660	23,570	24,080	3,780	1,920	1,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,245	4,530	2,715	785	450	330
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,785	7,160	7,625	1,035	445	595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,630	11,890	13,745	1,960	1,030	935
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,785	4,240	1,545	720	610	110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,435	1,355	1,080	170	115	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,345	2,885	460	550	495	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,320	4,425	6,895	885	310	570
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,775	690	1,085	90	20	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,750	2,535	4,215	265	80	185
Bachelor's degree	5,150	1,885	3,270	195	55	140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	595	165	430	15	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	155	90	60	0	10	0
Master's degree	730	335	395	45	10	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	120	55	60	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	76,205	38,070	38,135	5,305	2,785	2,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	41,105	21,160	19,945	2,900	1,495	1,400
Education	3,220	750	2,465	135	30	110
13. Education	3,225	750	2,465	135	30	110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	700	330	370	40	10	30
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	170	135	40	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	530	200	335	30	0	25
Humanities	1,050	435	615	70	15	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	10	45	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	165	30	140	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	325	130	195	30	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	30	30	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	230	130	100	15	0	10
54. History	165	100	70	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	40	0	35	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,395	710	1,685	55	20	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	15	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	40	100	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	675	35	635	20	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	390	55	330	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	20	25	0	0	10
42. Psychology	380	90	290	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	740	450	290	15	15	10
Business, management and public administration	6,185	1,770	4,420	515	75	435
30.16 Accounting and computer science	40	10	30	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	615	130	490	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,535	1,630	3,905	480	75	405
Physical and life sciences and technologies	850	470	385	40	30	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	310	175	140	15	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	245	135	115	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	180	140	40	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	100	25	80	10	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	680	325	355	15	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	580	295	280	10	0	0
25. Library science	55	10	50	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,460	9,030	435	995	930	60
04. Architecture and related services	45	30	15	10	0	0
14. Engineering	635	590	50	25	20	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,535	1,380	155	195	175	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,565	2,540	20	215	210	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,545	3,430	115	385	360	25
48. Precision production	1,140	1,060	80	160	160	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,330	975	355	115	85	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	990	750	245	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	340	225	120	80	55	25
Health and related fields	6,590	780	5,800	235	35	200
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	265	110	150	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,285	645	5,640	240	40	200
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	25	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,620	1,330	1,295	190	60	130
12. Personal and culinary services	1,355	220	1,135	135	15	120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	45	40	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	515	405	115	10	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	705	665	40	50	45	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	47,655	23,570	24,085	3,775	1,920	1,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	22,030	11,685	10,345	1,815	895	925
Education	2,050	400	1,655	105	25	80
13. Education	2,050	395	1,650	105	20	80
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	500	225	275	35	10	25
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	70	30	10	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	395	150	245	25	0	20
Humanities	695	265	430	45	0	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	0	35	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	110	10	100	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	240	100	140	10	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	25	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	75	70	20	10	0
54. History	80	45	35	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,855	500	1,350	40	10	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	15	80	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	510	30	480	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	355	55	300	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	15	15	10	0	10
42. Psychology	290	65	230	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	545	315	230	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	4,630	1,250	3,380	440	60	380
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	475	80	400	35	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,135	1,170	2,965	410	65	350
Physical and life sciences and technologies	575	290	285	30	20	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	115	105	15	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	160	90	75	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	85	35	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	10	55	0	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	560	260	300	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	495	245	245	10	10	10
25. Library science	40	0	40	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	0	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,745	6,410	340	810	755	50
04. Architecture and related services	35	25	15	10	0	0
14. Engineering	465	420	40	20	20	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,150	1,025	125	175	160	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,780	1,755	25	165	155	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,525	2,440	85	325	305	20
48. Precision production	800	745	55	120	110	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,055	725	330	95	60	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	770	550	220	25	15	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	285	170	115	75	50	25
Health and related fields	4,985	565	4,420	180	20	155
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	65	110	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,785	480	4,305	180	25	155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	20	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,975	1,005	975	175	55	115
12. Personal and culinary services	1,000	165	835	115	10	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	430	320	105	10	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	530	500	25	45	35	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	76,200	38,075	38,135	5,305	2,785	2,515
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	41,105	21,165	19,945	2,900	1,495	1,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	35,095	16,910	18,190	2,405	1,290	1,115
Location of study inside Canada	33,125	15,890	17,230	2,305	1,235	1,075
Same as province or territory of residence	29,365	13,745	15,620	1,675	915	760
Different than province or territory of residence	3,760	2,150	1,610	630	320	315
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,975	1,020	955	100	55	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	510	310	200	30	15	15
Philippines	195	80	110	15	10	10
India	135	55	80	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	360	190	175	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	755	370	390	55	35	20
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	47,655	23,570	24,085	3,780	1,920	1,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,030	11,685	10,340	1,820	895	920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	25,630	11,890	13,740	1,960	1,025	935
Location of study inside Canada	24,310	11,270	13,045	1,885	990	895
Same as province or territory of residence	21,695	9,850	11,845	1,390	745	640
Different than province or territory of residence	2,615	1,420	1,195	500	245	255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,320	615	700	75	40	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	345	180	165	25	10	15
Philippines	175	75	105	15	10	10
India	130	50	75	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	195	95	100	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	460	210	250	35	20	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	76,205	38,070	38,135	5,305	2,785	2,520
In the labour force	48,295	25,845	22,445	3,805	2,155	1,650
Employed	45,200	23,805	21,395	3,390	1,915	1,480
Unemployed	3,095	2,040	1,055	410	240	170
Not in the labour force	27,910	12,220	15,685	1,500	630	870
Participation rate	63.4	67.9	58.9	71.7	77.4	65.5
Employment rate	59.3	62.5	56.1	63.9	68.8	58.7
Unemployment rate	6.4	7.9	4.7	10.8	11.1	10.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	76,200	38,070	38,135	5,305	2,790	2,520
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	24,485	10,445	14,040	1,105	435	670
Worked	51,720	27,630	24,095	4,200	2,355	1,850
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	27,600	16,000	11,595	1,960	1,195	765
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	24,125	11,630	12,500	2,240	1,160	1,085
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	43.1	42.6	40.9	42.0	39.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	48,295	25,850	22,445	3,800	2,155	1,650
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	440	230	210	30	0	25
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	47,850	25,615	22,235	3,780	2,155	1,620
Employee	40,930	20,995	19,935	2,870	1,540	1,330
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,920	4,620	2,300	905	615	295
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	48,295	25,845	22,445	3,805	2,155	1,650
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	445	230	210	25	0	25
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	47,850	25,620	22,240	3,780	2,150	1,625
0 Management occupations	6,190	4,015	2,175	515	350	160
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,565	1,550	5,010	645	85	555
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,085	1,620	460	170	90	75
3 Health occupations	3,550	500	3,050	115	25	90
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,815	1,590	4,230	210	55	160
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	670	215	450	50	15	40
6 Sales and service occupations	9,065	3,485	5,580	600	165	435
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,490	9,930	560	1,025	965	55
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,970	1,480	490	265	230	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,455	1,235	220	185	165	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	48,295	25,845	22,445	3,800	2,155	1,650
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	440	235	210	25	0	30
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	47,855	25,620	22,235	3,780	2,150	1,620
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,440	2,495	945	175	115	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	470	425	40	620	505	115
22 Utilities	1,070	870	200	40	25	10
23 Construction	5,395	4,760	635	550	435	115
31-33 Manufacturing	3,070	2,405	665	175	135	45
41 Wholesale trade	1,625	1,210	410	95	45	50
44-45 Retail trade	4,820	2,250	2,570	315	115	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,975	2,420	560	360	250	115
51 Information and cultural industries	630	280	355	15	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,305	290	1,015	100	30	70
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	495	225	265	70	35	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,605	800	805	210	85	125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,425	875	550	100	30	65
61 Educational services	3,405	880	2,525	160	30	130
62 Health care and social assistance	6,615	870	5,745	170	20	150
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	960	465	500	45	20	25
72 Accommodation and food services	2,500	835	1,660	140	35	105
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,080	1,135	945	325	200	125
91 Public administration	3,955	2,120	1,830	100	40	55
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	45,200	23,805	21,395	3,390	1,915	1,475
Worked at home	4,700	2,695	2,005	455	200	255
Worked outside Canada	110	75	35	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,400	4,985	1,415	835	690	145
Worked at usual place	33,995	16,055	17,935	2,100	1,020	1,085
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	33,995	16,055	17,935	2,100	1,020	1,085
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,580	3,915	5,665	520	340	180
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,110	3,375	4,735	1,550	665	880
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	16,070	8,595	7,475	25	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	235	175	60	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	40,390	21,040	19,350	2,935	1,710	1,225
Car, truck, van - as a driver	35,220	18,685	16,535	2,710	1,575	1,135
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,165	930	1,235	145	70	75
Public transit	380	135	245	0	0	0
Walked	1,775	715	1,060	45	35	10
Bicycle	240	140	100	0	0	0
Other method	605	425	180	40	35	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	40,390	21,040	19,350	2,935	1,710	1,225
Less than 15 minutes	12,280	5,255	7,025	1,280	640	640
15 to 29 minutes	10,050	4,940	5,105	1,175	660	520
30 to 44 minutes	9,065	5,265	3,800	155	95	60
45 to 59 minutes	4,935	2,910	2,030	55	60	0
60 minutes and over	4,065	2,665	1,395	270	260	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	40,390	21,040	19,350	2,935	1,710	1,225
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,770	1,915	860	200	170	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,440	6,110	3,325	735	605	135
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	11,890	6,435	5,460	835	500	335
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,145	2,885	5,255	620	210	410
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,085	1,125	1,960	210	55	150
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,055	2,565	2,485	335	175	165
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	53,295	28,375	24,925	4,285	2,375	1,910
Single responses	53,060	28,275	24,790	4,275	2,375	1,900
Official languages	52,920	28,190	24,730	4,270	2,375	1,895
English	52,695	28,125	24,570	4,270	2,375	1,900
French	225	65	160	0	0	0
Non-official languages	145	80	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	135	80	55	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	65	45	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	25	25	0	0	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	25	25	0	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	40	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	235	100	130	10	0	0
English and French	70	25	50	0	0	0
English and non-official language	150	70	85	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	53,295	28,370	24,925	4,285	2,375	1,910
None	52,150	27,880	24,270	4,250	2,360	1,895
English	205	70	135	0	0	0
French	505	175	325	15	10	10
Non-official language	430	250	180	20	15	10
Aboriginal	55	30	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	375	220	150	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	90,205	45,250	44,955	6,615	3,480	3,135
Non-movers	81,705	41,115	40,595	5,875	3,095	2,780
Movers	8,500	4,135	4,360	740	385	355
Non-migrants	3,245	1,520	1,725	480	250	230
Migrants	5,250	2,620	2,635	255	135	120
Internal migrants	5,055	2,515	2,540	240	125	120
Intraprovincial migrants	4,475	2,240	2,240	220	105	110
Interprovincial migrants	580	275	305	25	15	10
External migrants	195	105	90	15	15	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	86,430	43,335	43,100	6,290	3,280	3,005
Non-movers	61,610	31,255	30,355	4,120	2,180	1,940
Movers	24,820	12,075	12,745	2,165	1,095	1,070
Non-migrants	9,115	4,455	4,660	1,340	705	635
Migrants	15,700	7,620	8,080	825	395	430
Internal migrants	15,115	7,335	7,785	760	370	390
Intraprovincial migrants	13,465	6,525	6,935	635	320	320
Interprovincial migrants	1,660	810	850	125	55	75
External migrants	585	285	300	65	25	40

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Selkirk--Interlake--Eastman [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Peace River C, RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Selkirk--Interlake--Eastman [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Peace River C, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Selkirk--Interlake--Eastman [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Peace River C, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Selkirk--Interlake--Eastman [Federal electoral district], Manitoba and Peace River C, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia