Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Fermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 2, CDR Manitoba [Census division]			Fermont, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Fermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	75,571	...	...	2,474	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	66,045 ^r	...	...	2,874	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	14.4	...	...	-13.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	26,604	...	...	1,638	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	25,466	...	...	1,061	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17.1	...	...	5.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4,429.61	...	...	476.89	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	75,570	37,875	37,695	2,475	1,360	1,110
0 to 14 years	18,840	9,550	9,290	530	265	265
0 to 4 years	6,410	3,205	3,200	190	95	95
5 to 9 years	6,540	3,370	3,165	180	95	85
10 to 14 years	5,895	2,975	2,915	165	75	85
15 to 64 years	48,280	24,265	24,015	1,895	1,070	825
15 to 19 years	5,675	2,890	2,790	160	90	70
20 to 24 years	5,135	2,610	2,525	130	75	55
25 to 29 years	4,910	2,445	2,465	205	120	85
30 to 34 years	5,170	2,540	2,630	215	110	100
35 to 39 years	5,055	2,510	2,540	225	125	100
40 to 44 years	4,880	2,475	2,410	225	120	105
45 to 49 years	4,495	2,255	2,245	235	130	105
50 to 54 years	4,890	2,480	2,405	235	125	115
55 to 59 years	4,420	2,230	2,190	180	110	75
60 to 64 years	3,650	1,835	1,815	90	60	25
65 years and over	8,450	4,060	4,390	45	30	20
65 to 69 years	2,900	1,455	1,440	25	20	10
70 to 74 years	2,110	1,075	1,035	10	5	5
75 to 79 years	1,400	690	710	5	0	0
80 to 84 years	980	430	550	5	0	0
85 years and over	1,060	410	655	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	625	250	375	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	315	115	200	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	105	35	70	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	24.9	25.2	24.6	21.4	19.5	23.9
15 to 64 years	63.9	64.1	63.7	76.6	78.7	74.3
65 years and over	11.2	10.7	11.6	1.8	2.2	1.8
85 years and over	1.4	1.1	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	34.9	34.6	35.2	33.5	34.2	32.6
Median age of the population	33.1	32.9	33.4	35.0	35.6	34.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	25,465	...	...	1,065	...	...
Single-detached house	19,650	...	...	460	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	260	...	...	225	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,745	...	...	375	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,080	...	...	280	...	...
Row house	850	...	...	80	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	385	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,385	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	815	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	25,465	...	...	1,060	...	...
1 person	4,605	...	...	350	...	...
2 persons	8,695	...	...	310	...	...
3 persons	3,830	...	...	185	...	...
4 persons	4,325	...	...	155	...	...
5 or more persons	4,005	...	...	65	...	...
Number of persons in private households	74,265	...	...	2,475	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	56,730	28,325	28,410	1,945	1,095	845
Married or living common law	37,815	18,925	18,890	1,275	645	630
Married	33,710	16,875	16,830	480	245	235
Living common law	4,105	2,045	2,060	795	395	395
Not married and not living common law	18,920	9,395	9,520	670	455	215
Never married	13,730	7,525	6,200	545	380	165
Separated	1,145	525	620	25	20	10
Divorced	1,900	880	1,020	75	45	30
Widowed	2,140	470	1,675	20	15	10
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,600	...	...	700	...	...
2 persons	9,080	...	...	305	...	...
3 persons	3,805	...	...	185	...	...
4 persons	4,210	...	...	150	...	...
5 or more persons	3,505	...	...	65	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,595	...	...	700	...	...
Total couple families	18,580	...	...	630	...	...
Married couples	16,525	...	...	230	...	...
Common-law couples	2,055	...	...	395	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,020	...	...	70	...	...
Female parent	1,480	...	...	35	...	...
Male parent	535	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	18,575	...	...	625	...	...
Couples without children	7,990	...	...	265	...	...
Couples with children	10,590	...	...	360	...	...
1 child	3,200	...	...	150	...	...
2 children	3,970	...	...	150	...	...
3 or more children	3,415	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,020	...	...	75	...	...
1 child	1,085	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	605	...	...	35	...	...
3 or more children	325	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,690	3,900	3,790	385	295	95
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	25,465	...	...	1,060	...	...
One-census-family households	19,900	...	...	695	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,705	...	...	265	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,195	...	...	430	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	345	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,220	...	...	365	...	...
One-person households	4,610	...	...	350	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	615	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	75,055	37,675	37,385	2,475	1,365	1,115
English only	61,095	30,995	30,100	5	5	5
French only	285	135	145	1,730	930	805
English and French	12,630	6,070	6,560	735	435	300
Neither English nor French	1,045	470	575	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	75,055	37,670	37,385	2,475	1,360	1,115
English	66,300	33,345	32,955	30	10	20
French	7,555	3,775	3,780	2,430	1,350	1,085
English and French	170	90	85	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	1,035	460	570	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	7,640	3,820	3,820	35	10	20
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	10.2	10.1	10.2	1.4	0.7	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	75,055	37,670	37,380	2,475	1,360	1,110
Single responses	73,530	36,935	36,595	2,455	1,350	1,105
Official languages	55,395	27,905	27,490	2,435	1,345	1,090
English	47,670	24,035	23,635	30	10	15
French	7,725	3,865	3,855	2,410	1,335	1,070
Non-official languages	18,135	9,030	9,105	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	95	30	60	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	90	35	60	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	5	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	25	45	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	25	35	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	18,040	9,000	9,045	20	5	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	50	25	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	45	25	5	5	0
Amharic	10	10	5	0	0	0
Arabic	45	30	15	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	30	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	965	470	495	0	0	0
Bikol	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	45	20	30	0	0	0
Fijian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	870	430	440	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	16,580	8,265	8,315	15	5	10
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,850	925	925	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,845	925	920	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	130	60	70	0	0	0
Russian	1,205	620	585	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	440	205	235	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	14,150	7,050	7,100	0	0	0
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dutch	295	160	135	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	0	0	0	0
German	13,770	6,835	6,935	0	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	95	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	155	90	70	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	45	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	390	180	210	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	45	40	5	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Spanish	250	105	145	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	30	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	40	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	20	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	75	30	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lao	25	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,525	735	790	20	15	5
English and French	555	260	295	15	10	5
English and non-official language	940	455	480	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	75,055	37,675	37,385	2,475	1,365	1,115
Single responses	71,960	36,185	35,775	2,455	1,355	1,095
Official languages	64,385	32,360	32,020	2,445	1,350	1,095
English	60,100	30,340	29,755	20	15	10
French	4,285	2,020	2,265	2,420	1,340	1,080
Non-official languages	7,575	3,825	3,750	10	5	10
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,575	3,825	3,750	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	520	265	255	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	485	250	235	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,820	3,430	3,390	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	620	315	305	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	620	310	305	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Russian	515	265	245	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,975	3,005	2,970	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	30	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5,840	2,935	2,910	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	15	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	85	50	40	0	0	0
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	65	75	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	120	55	70	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	5	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,095	1,485	1,610	20	5	15
English and French	420	200	225	15	5	15
English and non-official language	2,655	1,285	1,375	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	75,055	37,675	37,385	2,475	1,360	1,110
None	60,370	30,470	29,900	2,330	1,290	1,045
English	5,825	2,855	2,965	110	65	50
French	3,375	1,630	1,745	20	10	15
Non-official language	5,295	2,620	2,670	15	5	10
Aboriginal	50	25	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,250	2,600	2,650	15	5	5
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	135	70	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	20	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	55,645	27,850	27,790	1,940	1,095	845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,865	26,545	26,320	1,880	1,075	805
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,293	43,500	26,071	89,293	121,173	42,094
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,880	26,550	26,330	1,880	1,075	805
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,503	37,710	24,005	68,480	87,828	35,669
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,995	25,490	23,500	1,815	1,065	755
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,290	41,469	23,499	89,664	120,832	36,685
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,910	16,110	20,800	850	305	545
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,124	1,648	5,297	4,547	4,464	4,555
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,765	22,980	19,785	1,775	1,060	720
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,520	42,133	25,078	90,880	120,235	38,784
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	55,640	27,850	27,790	1,965	1,110	855
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,885	26,505	26,380	1,900	1,100	805
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,740	50,929	32,506	84,093	110,373	48,297
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,900	26,505	26,395	1,900	1,095	805
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,856	41,673	28,011	61,961	78,992	38,762
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,005	25,500	23,500	1,835	1,095	740
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,887	49,028	29,966	83,401	108,956	45,701
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,935	16,000	20,935	845	295	545
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,847	6,221	7,325	8,304	6,655	9,196
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,765	22,955	19,810	1,815	1,090	725
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,221	48,210	30,961	82,864	107,319	45,775
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	55,640	27,855	27,790	1,965	1,110	860
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	21,725	13,785	7,935	905	625	285
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,670	53,383	41,678	116,836	125,861	69,896
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,013	61,208	46,987	107,279	124,387	69,385
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.7	92.8	82.3	95.7	98.7	89.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.8	82.0	71.1	93.4	96.1	86.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.3	7.2	17.7	4.2	1.8	11.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	55,645	27,850	27,795	1,940	1,095	845
Without total income	2,775	1,305	1,475	60	20	40
With total income	52,865	26,550	26,320	1,880	1,075	805
Percentage with total income	95.0	95.3	94.7	96.9	98.2	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,085	2,575	4,510	210	70	140
$10,000 to $19,999	8,645	2,940	5,705	120	35	85
$20,000 to $29,999	7,715	3,080	4,630	115	30	85
$30,000 to $39,999	7,040	3,375	3,660	95	20	75
$40,000 to $49,999	6,225	3,520	2,710	115	35	75
$50,000 to $59,999	4,560	2,900	1,660	75	20	55
$60,000 to $69,999	3,465	2,375	1,090	85	40	45
$70,000 to $79,999	2,425	1,670	755	60	20	35
$80,000 to $89,999	1,930	1,265	665	75	20	50
$90,000 to $99,999	1,150	800	350	80	35	50
$100,000 and over	2,620	2,050	575	850	750	105
$100,000 to $149,999	1,960	1,525	440	670	570	95
$150,000 and over	660	530	135	185	180	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	55,645	27,850	27,790	1,940	1,095	845
Without after-tax income	2,765	1,300	1,465	60	25	40
With after-tax income	52,880	26,550	26,330	1,880	1,075	805
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.3	94.7	96.9	98.2	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,285	2,620	4,665	215	70	145
$10,000 to $19,999	9,370	3,230	6,140	140	35	105
$20,000 to $29,999	9,315	3,900	5,415	140	30	115
$30,000 to $39,999	8,710	4,570	4,140	145	50	100
$40,000 to $49,999	6,575	4,110	2,460	105	35	70
$50,000 to $59,999	4,560	3,080	1,480	105	45	60
$60,000 to $69,999	3,065	2,050	1,020	110	40	70
$70,000 to $79,999	1,700	1,210	495	155	90	60
$80,000 and over	2,300	1,785	515	765	685	85
$80,000 to $89,999	920	685	235	235	185	50
$90,000 to $99,999	440	355	85	255	230	25
$100,000 and over	940	745	195	285	270	15
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	55,640	27,850	27,790	1,940	1,095	845
Without employment income	12,880	4,870	8,000	165	40	125
With employment income	42,765	22,975	19,790	1,780	1,060	720
Percentage with employment income	76.9	82.5	71.2	91.8	96.8	85.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,090	2,125	2,965	150	65	85
$5,000 to $9,999	3,140	1,225	1,915	80	30	50
$10,000 to $19,999	5,635	2,290	3,345	135	35	100
$20,000 to $29,999	5,585	2,390	3,200	100	25	75
$30,000 to $39,999	5,520	2,820	2,705	90	25	65
$40,000 to $49,999	4,675	2,800	1,875	75	20	55
$50,000 to $59,999	3,610	2,400	1,215	70	25	45
$60,000 to $69,999	2,785	1,995	795	55	20	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,000	1,435	570	50	20	30
$80,000 and over	4,720	3,505	1,220	970	790	180
$80,000 to $89,999	1,665	1,100	570	75	30	45
$90,000 to $99,999	935	685	255	80	30	45
$100,000 and over	2,115	1,720	400	815	725	90
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	25,465	...	...	1,060	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,504	...	...	146,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,666	...	...	107,584	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,610	...	...	350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,560	...	...	117,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,685	...	...	84,352	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	20,860	...	...	710	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,344	...	...	165,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,764	...	...	123,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	25,465	...	...	1,070	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,680	...	...	149,708	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,407	...	...	110,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,630	...	...	370	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,009	...	...	107,847	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,322	...	...	77,317	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	20,835	...	...	695	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,610	...	...	171,908	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,651	...	...	127,802	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	25,465	...	...	1,060	...	...
Under $5,000	265	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	210	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	415	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	675	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	895	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	785	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,015	...	...	5	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	990	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,105	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,025	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,195	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,170	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,110	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,890	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,715	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,995	...	...	845	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,160	...	...	135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,000	...	...	205	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,865	...	...	310	...	...
$200,000 and over	975	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	25,465	...	...	1,060	...	...
Under $5,000	285	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	220	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	430	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	700	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	990	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	930	...	...	5	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,215	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,270	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,335	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,320	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,740	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,675	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,425	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,070	...	...	75	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,620	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,255	...	...	615	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,730	...	...	265	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,320	...	...	165	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,205	...	...	190	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,510	...	...	695	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,905	...	...	165,547	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,416	...	...	123,392	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,525	...	...	260	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,204	...	...	160,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,327	...	...	116,992	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,610	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,786	...	...	181,687	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,844	...	...	135,987	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.4	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,880	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,621	...	...	117,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,767	...	...	87,808	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,495	...	...	695	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,044	...	...	172,220	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,130	...	...	127,913	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,570	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,587	...	...	166,403	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,209	...	...	122,855	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,600	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,198	...	...	182,015	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,371	...	...	135,427	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,870	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,661	...	...	132,745	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,703	...	...	100,599	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,910	3,000	2,905	380	290	90
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,832	39,040	27,558	115,968	123,776	68,352
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,457	33,563	25,536	82,432	89,152	53,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,935	2,945	2,985	390	295	95
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,287	46,327	34,335	104,394	117,040	66,116
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,999	37,944	30,111	75,107	82,662	52,241
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	74,265	37,295	36,970	2,475	1,360	1,110
In the bottom half of the distribution	43,570	21,415	22,155	265	130	135
In the bottom decile	5,930	2,920	3,015	30	20	10
In the second decile	9,130	4,245	4,885	35	15	20
In the third decile	10,200	5,015	5,180	25	10	15
In the fourth decile	9,380	4,745	4,640	60	30	25
In the fifth decile	8,935	4,495	4,435	115	55	55
In the top half of the distribution	30,695	15,885	14,815	2,205	1,235	975
In the sixth decile	8,155	4,170	3,985	135	70	65
In the seventh decile	7,255	3,740	3,515	260	135	125
In the eighth decile	6,660	3,460	3,190	380	195	180
In the ninth decile	5,335	2,785	2,555	690	375	315
In the top decile	3,285	1,720	1,565	740	455	285
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	73,595	36,945	36,650	2,475	1,360	1,110
0 to 17 years	21,745	11,030	10,715	630	325	300
0 to 5 years	7,515	3,815	3,700	230	115	115
18 to 64 years	43,985	22,080	21,905	1,795	1,010	790
65 years and over	7,865	3,835	4,030	50	30	20
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,955	4,705	5,245	50	25	25
0 to 17 years	3,975	2,050	1,930	20	10	5
0 to 5 years	1,630	815	810	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	4,730	2,205	2,525	30	15	15
65 years and over	1,250	455	790	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.5	12.7	14.3	2.0	1.8	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	18.3	18.6	18.0	3.2	3.1	1.7
0 to 5 years (%)	21.7	21.4	21.9	2.2	4.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.8	10.0	11.5	1.7	1.5	1.9
65 years and over (%)	15.9	11.9	19.6	10.0	0.0	0.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,870	1,425	1,445	20	10	5
0 to 17 years	955	510	450	5	5	5
0 to 5 years	340	170	170	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	1,790	865	925	10	5	5
65 years and over	120	50	70	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.9	3.9	3.9	0.8	0.7	0.5
0 to 17 years (%)	4.4	4.6	4.2	0.8	1.5	1.7
0 to 5 years (%)	4.5	4.5	4.6	2.2	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.1	3.9	4.2	0.6	0.5	0.6
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	74,265	37,295	36,965	2,500	1,405	1,095
Official languages	73,245	36,865	36,380	2,500	1,405	1,095
English	73,025	36,750	36,270	720	400	320
French	12,840	6,255	6,585	2,490	1,400	1,095
Non-official languages	19,975	9,915	10,065	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages	195	75	120	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	165	60	105	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	45	10	35	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	45	10	30	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	120	50	70	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	115	50	65	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,780	9,840	9,940	25	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	125	65	60	0	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	50	40	0	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	85	40	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	65	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	105	65	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,195	590	605	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	25	15	0	0	0
Fijian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,125	550	575	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	25	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,890	8,925	8,960	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,585	1,340	1,250	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,585	1,335	1,250	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	115	65	55	0	0	0
Russian	1,995	1,050	945	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	40	10	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	495	245	250	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	25	15	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15,745	7,905	7,845	0	0	0
Afrikaans	50	30	15	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	385	190	195	0	0	0
Frisian	40	30	15	0	0	0
German	15,240	7,645	7,595	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	285	160	125	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	175	105	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	165	105	60	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	35	20	0	0	0
Hindi	75	40	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	35	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,425	725	700	20	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	80	45	35	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	1,275	650	630	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	45	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	130	50	80	0	0	0
American Sign Language	85	30	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	50	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	50	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	20	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	35	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Lao	40	25	15	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	74,265	37,295	36,970	2,495	1,405	1,095
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	68,285	34,160	34,125	2,490	1,400	1,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	20,520	10,355	10,165	640	350	290
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	47,765	23,805	23,955	1,850	1,050	800
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,985	3,135	2,845	10	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	74,260	37,295	36,970	2,495	1,400	1,095
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	62,600	31,380	31,220	2,475	1,400	1,070
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	11,120	5,610	5,510	25	0	25
Before 1981	2,065	960	1,105	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	870	465	410	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,200	635	565	0	0	10
2001 to 2010	5,440	2,770	2,675	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	2,370	1,165	1,205	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	3,070	1,605	1,465	0	0	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,540	780	755	10	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	545	305	240	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	11,120	5,615	5,510	20	0	25
Under 5 years	2,205	1,100	1,105	10	0	10
5 to 14 years	3,185	1,675	1,515	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,975	945	1,030	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	3,185	1,610	1,575	10	0	10
45 years and over	570	280	290	10	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	11,120	5,610	5,510	25	0	20
Americas	3,885	1,835	2,055	10	0	0
Brazil	15	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	45	10	40	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	1,035	495	540	0	0	10
Peru	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	510	170	335	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	2,220	1,110	1,110	0	0	0
Europe	4,690	2,465	2,230	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	85	60	20	0	0	10
Germany	2,285	1,215	1,070	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	35	25	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Italy	40	15	25	0	0	0
Netherlands	210	105	110	0	0	0
Poland	75	40	35	0	0	0
Portugal	25	10	20	0	0	0
Romania	15	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	860	435	430	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	140	75	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	650	350	300	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	215	105	110	0	0	0
Africa	270	150	125	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	55	25	35	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	15	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	70	40	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	45	45	0	0	0
Asia	2,240	1,140	1,095	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	15	30	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	115	50	60	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	1,095	555	545	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	80	45	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	850	440	415	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,540	780	755	10	0	10
Americas	245	105	135	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	20	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	45	25	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	90	35	55	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	80	45	35	0	0	0
Europe	490	275	215	0	0	10
France	50	30	20	10	0	0
Germany	170	100	70	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	145	75	70	0	0	0
Ukraine	80	50	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	45	20	20	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	760	385	380	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	10	0	0	0	0
India	45	25	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	550	270	275	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	115	55	65	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	74,265	37,295	36,970	2,500	1,405	1,090
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	12,265	6,250	6,015	20	0	20
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	11,585	5,835	5,755	35	15	20
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	50,410	25,210	25,200	2,440	1,385	1,055
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	9,250	4,715	4,530	20	0	20
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	6,530	3,500	3,035	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,615	1,360	250	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,920	2,140	2,780	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,280	980	1,295	20	0	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	410	220	190	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	74,265	37,295	36,970	2,500	1,400	1,095
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	9,865	4,955	4,910	130	100	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	9,735	4,915	4,825	125	100	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,270	1,115	1,155	55	40	15
Métis	7,425	3,765	3,655	70	55	15
Inuk (Inuit)	40	30	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	85	25	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	64,395	32,340	32,055	2,370	1,305	1,065
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	74,265	37,295	36,970	2,495	1,400	1,095
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,170	1,040	1,130	30	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	72,095	36,255	35,840	2,470	1,390	1,080
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	74,265	37,295	36,970	2,495	1,405	1,095
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,155	1,095	1,060	65	40	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,150	1,090	1,055	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,295	625	670	40	20	20
Métis single ancestry	830	440	385	25	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	30	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	8,400	4,220	4,185	115	60	55
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	8,040	4,100	3,940	115	60	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,495	745	750	90	45	45
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,530	3,355	3,180	25	15	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	360	115	245	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	355	110	240	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	63,705	31,980	31,725	2,310	1,300	1,005
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	74,265	37,295	36,970	2,495	1,400	1,095
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,325	1,660	1,665	20	0	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	345	205	135	0	0	0
Chinese	175	75	100	0	0	10
Black	625	320	310	0	0	0
Filipino	1,330	620	710	0	0	0
Latin American	210	105	105	10	0	0
Arab	65	30	30	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	270	165	105	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	25	40	10	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	130	60	75	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	70,940	35,630	35,305	2,475	1,405	1,075
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	74,265	37,295	36,970	2,495	1,400	1,095
North American Aboriginal origins	10,560	5,315	5,245	185	100	90
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,155	1,490	1,660	130	70	65
Inuit	50	35	15	0	0	0
Métis	7,720	3,910	3,810	55	35	20
Other North American origins	23,520	11,670	11,855	1,960	1,140	820
Acadian	30	10	20	20	10	15
American	700	385	320	0	10	0
Canadian	23,185	11,470	11,715	1,945	1,135	810
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	10	0	15	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	58,475	29,250	29,225	830	475	355
British Isles origins	18,380	9,155	9,225	220	115	105
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	10,500	5,210	5,295	15	0	0
Irish	6,705	3,225	3,480	155	75	80
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	8,270	4,060	4,215	60	35	30
Welsh	585	300	290	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	880	430	455	0	0	0
French origins	14,030	6,860	7,175	670	380	285
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	15	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	14,035	6,860	7,170	650	375	275
Western European origins (except French origins)	31,345	15,580	15,760	65	35	35
Austrian	565	310	255	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,505	730	775	0	0	0
Dutch	6,245	3,015	3,235	0	0	0
Flemish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	10	0	0	0
German	25,945	13,045	12,895	60	30	25
Luxembourger	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swiss	465	230	235	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,200	1,560	1,640	0	0	0
Danish	320	170	150	0	0	0
Finnish	155	60	95	0	0	0
Icelandic	915	490	430	0	0	0
Norwegian	750	365	390	0	0	0
Swedish	1,165	510	655	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	170	100	80	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	20,755	10,370	10,390	15	10	10
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Czech	200	105	90	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	75	50	25	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	425	205	220	0	0	0
Latvian	55	15	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	60	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	35	15	20	0	0	0
Polish	4,385	2,075	2,310	15	0	10
Romanian	190	85	100	0	0	0
Russian	10,145	5,045	5,095	0	0	0
Slovak	230	115	115	0	0	0
Ukrainian	8,845	4,450	4,395	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,630	775	850	20	15	0
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	130	70	60	0	0	0
Italian	810	390	420	10	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	235	100	130	0	0	0
Serbian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	400	175	225	0	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	430	225	205	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	230	100	130	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	180	115	60	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	370	165	210	15	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	10	30	15	10	0
Jamaican	145	65	80	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	150	55	95	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,635	1,370	1,270	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	60	20	45	0	0	0
Bolivian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Brazilian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Chilean	90	55	40	0	0	0
Colombian	50	20	35	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	45	30	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	1,195	605	590	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	1,180	605	575	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	45	15	25	0	0	0
African origins	595	290	310	10	10	10
Central and West African origins	80	40	35	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	15	20	0	0	0
North African origins	120	70	55	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	20	15	10	0	10
Sudanese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	155	70	85	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	15	0	0	0
South African	65	20	40	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	260	120	140	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	225	105	120	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,775	1,405	1,370	25	10	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	320	180	135	10	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	85	60	25	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	25	25	15	10	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	25	20	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	25	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	435	250	185	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	395	220	175	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	30	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,010	965	1,045	0	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	350	155	195	10	0	0
Filipino	1,405	675	725	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	35	10	30	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	20	35	10	0	0
Laotian	110	55	50	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	135	85	45	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	130	65	65	0	0	0
Australian	50	25	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	10	20	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	50	30	20	0	0	0
Fijian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	25,465	...	...	1,070	...	...
Owner	20,425	...	...	650	...	...
Renter	4,860	...	...	420	...	...
Band housing	180	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	25,465	...	...	1,070	...	...
Condominium	1,675	...	...	95	...	...
Not condominium	23,795	...	...	970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	25,465	...	...	1,065	...	...
No bedrooms	60	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,370	...	...	70	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,595	...	...	305	...	...
3 bedrooms	9,055	...	...	440	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,385	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	25,465	...	...	1,065	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,675	...	...	310	...	...
5 rooms	4,095	...	...	175	...	...
6 rooms	3,975	...	...	145	...	...
7 rooms	3,625	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,105	...	...	290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	25,465	...	...	1,070	...	...
One person or fewer per room	24,835	...	...	1,070	...	...
More than 1 person per room	630	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	25,465	...	...	1,070	...	...
Suitable	24,330	...	...	1,065	...	...
Not suitable	1,135	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	25,465	...	...	1,065	...	...
1960 or before	3,000	...	...	55	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,210	...	...	895	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,300	...	...	15	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,360	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,145	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,220	...	...	25	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,235	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	25,465	...	...	1,070	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	23,980	...	...	995	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,490	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	25,465	...	...	1,070	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,035	...	...	880	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,100	...	...	190	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	335	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	25,465	...	...	1,070	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,035	...	...	40	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,725	...	...	240	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,200	...	...	280	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,020	...	...	275	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,400	...	...	225	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,975	...	...	0	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,565	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	555	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	24,420	...	...	1,070	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	20,190	...	...	1,055	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,225	...	...	15	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,870	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	19,650	...	...	650	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	71.4	...	...	73.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,132	...	...	667	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,148	...	...	787	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	275,915	...	...	50,088	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	298,813	...	...	83,971	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,830	...	...	425	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.7	...	...	8.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	876	...	...	375	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	902	...	...	441	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	55,640	27,855	27,795	1,965	1,110	855
No certificate, diploma or degree	15,035	8,285	6,750	225	105	120
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	17,395	8,525	8,870	390	165	220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,215	11,045	12,170	1,345	830	510
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,370	3,775	1,595	715	515	195
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,460	1,450	1,005	590	425	165
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,915	2,325	590	120	95	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,725	3,985	5,740	440	265	175
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,510	585	920	50	15	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,605	2,695	3,915	140	35	100
Bachelor's degree	5,050	1,980	3,065	110	25	85
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	525	175	350	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	155	95	55	0	0	0
Master's degree	770	355	415	20	0	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	85	20	0	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,095	18,545	18,550	1,675	955	715
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,940	4,175	2,765	115	45	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,470	5,590	5,870	315	135	180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,685	8,780	9,910	1,250	775	470
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,030	2,890	1,135	655	475	180
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,765	1,080	690	545	390	155
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,260	1,810	450	110	80	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,990	3,310	4,680	410	250	155
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,185	465	715	45	15	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,485	2,115	3,370	135	35	100
Bachelor's degree	4,190	1,560	2,630	105	25	75
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	425	120	305	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	85	60	0	0	0
Master's degree	640	285	355	20	0	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	65	20	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	55,645	27,850	27,790	1,965	1,110	855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	32,430	16,810	15,625	615	275	345
Education	2,280	625	1,655	45	0	45
13. Education	2,280	625	1,655	45	0	45
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	445	185	265	15	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	65	10	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	375	115	255	10	0	10
Humanities	1,460	690	765	15	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	0	55	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	70	20	50	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	135	170	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	65	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	795	430	365	0	10	0
54. History	85	25	60	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	20	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,570	355	1,210	65	10	55
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	35	50	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	505	20	480	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	335	45	290	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	225	75	150	20	0	15
45. Social sciences	365	170	195	15	10	15
Business, management and public administration	4,110	1,300	2,805	200	40	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	300	70	225	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,785	1,220	2,565	200	45	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	400	205	195	15	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	140	70	70	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	75	70	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	70	60	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	0	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	635	390	245	15	20	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	530	355	175	20	20	0
25. Library science	50	0	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	30	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,310	5,025	285	690	650	45
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	15	10	0	10
14. Engineering	345	265	80	20	15	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	970	870	100	135	120	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,600	1,560	40	80	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,720	1,685	35	275	265	15
48. Precision production	630	615	15	170	175	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,100	780	330	30	25	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,000	710	295	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	70	30	15	15	0
Health and related fields	4,085	570	3,515	95	15	85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	195	85	110	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,865	475	3,390	95	15	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	20	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,815	910	905	155	55	95
12. Personal and culinary services	960	160	800	80	10	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	395	325	70	10	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	440	410	30	60	50	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,090	18,545	18,545	1,675	960	715
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,405	9,765	8,635	430	180	245
Education	1,660	390	1,275	40	10	35
13. Education	1,660	390	1,270	40	10	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	340	135	200	15	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	45	40	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	295	100	195	10	0	10
Humanities	1,020	475	540	15	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	0	35	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	50	10	40	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	100	145	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	90	55	30	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	550	295	255	0	0	0
54. History	45	15	30	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,380	305	1,075	60	10	50
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	25	40	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	430	15	420	10	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	305	35	270	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	205	60	140	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	315	155	155	20	10	15
Business, management and public administration	3,470	1,065	2,400	200	40	155
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	50	195	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,205	1,010	2,195	195	45	150
Physical and life sciences and technologies	275	135	140	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	120	55	60	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	40	45	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	35	10	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	565	350	215	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	485	330	155	15	20	0
25. Library science	45	0	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,265	4,035	225	635	600	35
04. Architecture and related services	45	30	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	295	235	60	20	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	770	690	90	125	115	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,260	1,230	30	75	65	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,410	1,380	25	255	240	15
48. Precision production	490	480	10	160	160	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	925	645	275	30	20	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	835	585	250	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	85	60	25	20	15	0
Health and related fields	3,355	495	2,860	95	15	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	155	70	90	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,180	410	2,765	95	15	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	15	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,430	735	700	135	50	80
12. Personal and culinary services	720	110	605	65	10	60
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	320	255	65	0	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	380	350	25	60	45	15
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	55,645	27,850	27,790	1,965	1,110	855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,430	16,805	15,620	620	275	345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,210	11,045	12,170	1,345	830	515
Location of study inside Canada	20,640	9,685	10,950	1,340	830	510
Same as province or territory of residence	18,295	8,490	9,805	1,315	825	490
Different than province or territory of residence	2,345	1,200	1,150	20	10	20
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,570	1,355	1,215	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	365	175	185	0	0	0
Philippines	600	280	320	0	0	0
India	50	35	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	100	60	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other	1,355	740	615	10	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,095	18,545	18,545	1,675	955	720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,410	9,770	8,635	430	180	245
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	18,685	8,775	9,910	1,250	775	475
Location of study inside Canada	16,415	7,590	8,825	1,240	780	470
Same as province or territory of residence	14,590	6,690	7,900	1,220	770	450
Different than province or territory of residence	1,825	900	925	20	0	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,275	1,190	1,085	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	235	100	135	0	0	0
Philippines	580	270	305	0	0	0
India	50	30	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	130	75	55	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	0	0	0
France	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other	1,235	690	550	0	0	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	55,645	27,850	27,790	1,965	1,105	855
In the labour force	39,525	21,785	17,740	1,595	985	615
Employed	37,535	20,695	16,840	1,510	940	565
Unemployed	1,990	1,085	905	90	45	50
Not in the labour force	16,115	6,065	10,050	365	125	245
Participation rate	71.0	78.2	63.8	81.2	89.1	71.9
Employment rate	67.5	74.3	60.6	76.8	85.1	66.1
Unemployment rate	5.0	5.0	5.1	5.6	4.6	8.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	55,640	27,850	27,795	1,965	1,105	855
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	14,385	5,275	9,115	215	35	175
Worked	41,260	22,575	18,685	1,750	1,070	680
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	22,270	14,140	8,135	905	625	280
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	18,985	8,440	10,550	845	445	400
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.6	42.4	42.7	44.1	40.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	39,525	21,785	17,740	1,595	980	615
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	410	155	255	10	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	39,120	21,635	17,485	1,585	980	605
Employee	33,645	17,985	15,665	1,540	960	575
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,470	3,650	1,820	50	20	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	39,530	21,780	17,745	1,595	980	615
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	410	150	255	10	10	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	39,120	21,635	17,490	1,580	975	605
0 Management occupations	4,795	3,285	1,515	85	30	55
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,385	1,200	4,185	150	45	105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,430	1,150	280	125	100	25
3 Health occupations	2,225	395	1,825	55	0	50
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,340	1,290	3,050	135	15	115
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	615	180	435	25	0	25
6 Sales and service occupations	7,215	2,670	4,550	240	65	170
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,115	8,670	445	585	550	35
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,075	1,480	590	140	125	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,915	1,305	605	50	45	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	39,525	21,785	17,745	1,595	980	615
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	405	150	250	15	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	39,120	21,635	17,490	1,585	975	605
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,500	2,405	1,095	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	190	170	20	825	705	125
22 Utilities	375	300	75	10	10	0
23 Construction	5,440	4,875	560	25	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,965	2,765	1,200	105	90	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,255	935	320	30	20	10
44-45 Retail trade	3,715	1,740	1,975	105	30	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,810	2,180	625	35	15	15
51 Information and cultural industries	380	195	185	15	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,330	365	965	15	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	400	205	195	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,185	520	670	15	10	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	60	25	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	970	545	420	35	10	20
61 Educational services	2,845	795	2,050	65	10	60
62 Health care and social assistance	4,260	610	3,650	150	0	140
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	570	300	270	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,930	495	1,440	35	10	30
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,935	1,080	860	50	25	25
91 Public administration	2,010	1,130	885	70	30	40
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	37,535	20,695	16,840	1,505	935	570
Worked at home	3,290	1,610	1,670	50	15	35
Worked outside Canada	140	105	35	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,510	5,410	1,100	65	55	10
Worked at usual place	27,600	13,570	14,030	1,390	870	530
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	27,600	13,570	14,030	1,395	870	525
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	8,380	3,720	4,660	1,320	835	485
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,955	4,160	4,795	35	15	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10,145	5,600	4,540	30	15	15
Commute to a different province or territory	120	85	35	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	34,110	18,980	15,130	1,455	920	535
Car, truck, van - as a driver	29,910	16,955	12,955	800	480	320
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,020	985	1,040	40	25	15
Public transit	165	90	80	400	365	35
Walked	1,295	460	835	200	45	155
Bicycle	315	225	85	10	0	0
Other method	410	275	135	10	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	34,110	18,985	15,130	1,460	925	535
Less than 15 minutes	11,710	5,595	6,115	490	140	345
15 to 29 minutes	8,985	4,690	4,295	850	690	160
30 to 44 minutes	6,635	4,030	2,600	100	80	15
45 to 59 minutes	3,665	2,440	1,230	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	3,120	2,230	890	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	34,115	18,980	15,130	1,460	925	535
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,545	2,000	540	40	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,910	5,465	2,445	270	210	65
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,560	6,130	4,425	855	620	235
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,170	2,300	3,870	135	15	120
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,365	840	1,525	40	10	30
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,565	2,240	2,325	120	45	75
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	42,540	23,100	19,435	1,775	1,080	695
Single responses	41,875	22,790	19,085	1,765	1,075	690
Official languages	41,400	22,490	18,905	1,770	1,075	695
English	40,205	22,110	18,095	25	15	10
French	1,195	385	810	1,740	1,060	680
Non-official languages	475	300	175	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	475	300	175	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	450	285	160	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	410	265	140	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	345	220	120	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	45	35	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	665	310	350	10	10	0
English and French	430	175	255	10	10	10
English and non-official language	240	135	100	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	42,540	23,105	19,435	1,775	1,080	695
None	37,900	20,735	17,170	1,505	945	560
English	1,010	415	590	260	125	130
French	1,965	960	1,005	15	10	10
Non-official language	1,630	975	655	0	0	0
Aboriginal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,620	975	650	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	73,075	36,595	36,480	2,455	1,385	1,070
Non-movers	63,435	31,835	31,595	2,140	1,230	915
Movers	9,645	4,760	4,885	310	155	155
Non-migrants	3,840	1,905	1,935	215	110	105
Migrants	5,800	2,855	2,945	95	45	50
Internal migrants	5,410	2,650	2,765	100	45	50
Intraprovincial migrants	4,775	2,345	2,430	100	45	50
Interprovincial migrants	635	300	335	0	0	0
External migrants	390	205	185	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	67,930	34,000	33,930	2,315	1,310	1,005
Non-movers	39,270	19,945	19,325	1,180	685	495
Movers	28,660	14,060	14,605	1,130	620	515
Non-migrants	11,330	5,645	5,690	580	325	260
Migrants	17,330	8,410	8,910	550	300	250
Internal migrants	15,440	7,420	8,020	550	305	245
Intraprovincial migrants	13,670	6,585	7,085	525	285	240
Interprovincial migrants	1,770	835	935	25	15	0
External migrants	1,885	995	890	10	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 2, CDR [Census division], Manitoba and Fermont, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Fermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Fermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 2, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Fermont, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec