Census Profile, 2016 Census
Steinbach, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Steinbach, CY Manitoba [Census subdivision]			Pontiac, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Steinbach, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : Steinbach, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	15,829	...	...	5,850	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	13,524	...	...	5,681	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	17.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,305	...	...	2,664	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,024	...	...	2,252	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	618.6	...	...	13.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.59	...	...	448.15	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	15,825	7,595	8,235	5,850	3,025	2,825
0 to 14 years	3,465	1,770	1,700	1,145	590	555
0 to 4 years	1,345	665	680	345	185	165
5 to 9 years	1,165	630	535	415	210	210
10 to 14 years	955	470	480	380	195	180
15 to 64 years	9,820	4,775	5,040	3,895	1,995	1,895
15 to 19 years	980	465	510	305	155	150
20 to 24 years	1,235	620	615	285	135	140
25 to 29 years	1,190	590	605	265	135	135
30 to 34 years	1,160	575	580	400	200	200
35 to 39 years	1,005	480	530	380	185	195
40 to 44 years	940	460	480	395	215	185
45 to 49 years	855	405	450	445	220	230
50 to 54 years	915	435	475	525	270	250
55 to 59 years	800	390	410	490	270	220
60 to 64 years	740	350	390	400	210	185
65 years and over	2,545	1,050	1,495	815	435	380
65 to 69 years	670	285	385	325	185	145
70 to 74 years	535	240	300	240	125	120
75 to 79 years	465	205	255	125	75	55
80 to 84 years	405	160	245	70	35	35
85 years and over	475	165	315	50	20	30
85 to 89 years	265	100	165	40	20	20
90 to 94 years	150	50	105	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	50	20	30	5	0	0
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.9	23.3	20.6	19.6	19.5	19.6
15 to 64 years	62.1	62.9	61.2	66.6	66.0	67.1
65 years and over	16.1	13.8	18.2	13.9	14.4	13.5
85 years and over	3.0	2.2	3.8	0.9	0.7	1.1
Average age of the population	37.5	36.0	38.9	39.9	40.2	39.5
Median age of the population	34.6	33.1	35.9	41.9	42.4	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
Single-detached house	3,355	...	...	2,095	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	255	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,240	...	...	150	...	...
Semi-detached house	565	...	...	45	...	...
Row house	225	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	240	...	...	45	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,205	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	165	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,025	...	...	2,255	...	...
1 person	1,530	...	...	475	...	...
2 persons	2,120	...	...	850	...	...
3 persons	830	...	...	355	...	...
4 persons	850	...	...	370	...	...
5 or more persons	695	...	...	205	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,535	...	...	5,825	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	12,360	5,825	6,540	4,710	2,430	2,275
Married or living common law	7,795	3,900	3,895	3,120	1,560	1,560
Married	7,210	3,610	3,600	2,170	1,085	1,085
Living common law	585	290	290	950	480	475
Not married and not living common law	4,565	1,925	2,645	1,585	870	715
Never married	3,015	1,515	1,500	1,085	635	445
Separated	305	115	180	75	40	35
Divorced	475	170	305	270	145	120
Widowed	780	125	660	160	50	115
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	4,335	...	...	1,770	...	...
2 persons	2,135	...	...	895	...	...
3 persons	795	...	...	355	...	...
4 persons	820	...	...	365	...	...
5 or more persons	585	...	...	145	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	4,335	...	...	1,770	...	...
Total couple families	3,820	...	...	1,550	...	...
Married couples	3,530	...	...	1,075	...	...
Common-law couples	290	...	...	475	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	515	...	...	220	...	...
Female parent	430	...	...	140	...	...
Male parent	90	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,820	...	...	1,550	...	...
Couples without children	1,840	...	...	750	...	...
Couples with children	1,975	...	...	800	...	...
1 child	650	...	...	305	...	...
2 children	760	...	...	350	...	...
3 or more children	565	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	515	...	...	220	...	...
1 child	295	...	...	140	...	...
2 children	140	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	80	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,440	1,025	1,415	690	405	285
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
One-census-family households	4,175	...	...	1,680	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,780	...	...	715	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,400	...	...	965	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	80	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,770	...	...	530	...	...
One-person households	1,525	...	...	470	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	245	...	...	55	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	15,595	7,505	8,090	5,830	3,015	2,820
English only	14,700	7,115	7,585	1,330	730	595
French only	10	10	5	755	380	370
English and French	685	290	395	3,750	1,895	1,855
Neither English nor French	205	95	110	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	15,600	7,510	8,085	5,830	3,010	2,820
English	15,120	7,290	7,830	2,440	1,255	1,185
French	270	125	145	3,325	1,730	1,595
English and French	5	5	5	70	35	40
Neither English nor French	200	95	105	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	275	125	150	2,470	1,265	1,205
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	1.7	1.9	42.4	42.0	42.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	15,600	7,510	8,090	5,835	3,010	2,820
Single responses	15,240	7,335	7,905	5,675	2,945	2,730
Official languages	10,015	4,860	5,155	5,490	2,855	2,635
English	9,725	4,725	5,000	2,250	1,160	1,080
French	295	140	155	3,240	1,690	1,550
Non-official languages	5,220	2,470	2,745	185	90	95
Aboriginal languages	15	5	15	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,210	2,470	2,740	185	90	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	30	10	20	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	25	10	15	10	5
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	5	20	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	825	415	410	0	0	5
Bikol	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	45	20	25	0	0	0
Fijian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	745	375	370	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,180	1,940	2,240	145	70	75
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	375	180	195	30	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	375	180	190	30	15	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	5	5	5	0
Russian	240	125	110	10	0	5
Serbian	5	0	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	115	45	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,565	1,645	1,920	35	15	15
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	45	20	25	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,505	1,610	1,890	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	100	60	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	30	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	50	75	75	35	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	25	10	10	35	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Spanish	95	35	60	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	10	5	5	5
Chinese languages	25	10	10	5	5	5
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	360	175	185	155	65	90
English and French	30	10	20	125	50	75
English and non-official language	325	160	165	15	10	5
French and non-official language	0	5	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	15,595	7,510	8,090	5,830	3,010	2,820
Single responses	14,720	7,105	7,610	5,680	2,945	2,735
Official languages	12,865	6,185	6,680	5,645	2,925	2,715
English	12,795	6,155	6,640	2,705	1,395	1,310
French	70	30	40	2,935	1,525	1,410
Non-official languages	1,855	920	930	40	25	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,850	925	930	40	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	5	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	475	245	230	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	445	230	210	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,270	615	655	30	20	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	75	80	15	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	150	75	80	15	10	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	130	70	60	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	980	475	505	5	5	0
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	950	460	490	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	60	30	25	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	75	35	45	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Spanish	70	30	40	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Chinese languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	880	400	475	150	70	85
English and French	15	5	10	130	55	75
English and non-official language	855	390	465	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	10	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	15,600	7,510	8,085	5,830	3,010	2,820
None	12,765	6,165	6,605	4,310	2,260	2,055
English	980	490	490	850	435	415
French	175	75	110	555	270	285
Non-official language	1,640	765	870	80	35	45
Aboriginal	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,630	765	870	80	35	45
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	0
English and non-official language	30	15	15	10	5	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,075	5,715	6,360	4,680	2,415	2,270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,585	5,500	6,085	4,490	2,315	2,175
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,800	39,976	23,680	37,840	39,584	35,612
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,585	5,500	6,085	4,495	2,320	2,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,948	34,893	22,091	32,963	33,963	31,936
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,545	5,230	5,315	3,965	2,065	1,900
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,156	37,747	20,437	35,828	38,199	33,835
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,715	3,680	5,035	3,250	1,570	1,680
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,032	1,804	6,400	7,915	7,768	8,022
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,775	4,610	4,170	3,330	1,750	1,580
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,151	38,393	24,011	36,192	38,374	34,432
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	12,080	5,720	6,365	4,680	2,440	2,235
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,610	5,540	6,070	4,525	2,365	2,160
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,342	48,991	30,534	44,182	46,389	41,764
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,615	5,545	6,075	4,525	2,365	2,160
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,313	40,607	26,658	36,057	37,399	34,586
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,595	5,265	5,330	3,995	2,095	1,905
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,043	47,051	27,154	42,885	46,011	39,448
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,755	3,700	5,055	3,305	1,660	1,645
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,339	6,390	8,032	8,636	8,095	9,181
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,780	4,680	4,095	3,330	1,740	1,590
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,619	45,279	28,872	42,911	46,110	39,414
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	12,080	5,720	6,360	4,680	2,440	2,240
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,235	2,640	1,595	1,730	925	805
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,420	47,261	37,489	56,629	61,064	51,799
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,790	58,764	42,909	59,435	63,657	54,556
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.2	91.5	78.3	85.6	87.8	82.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.7	78.2	64.3	70.5	72.7	67.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.8	8.5	21.7	14.5	12.3	17.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	12,080	5,720	6,360	4,680	2,415	2,265
Without total income	500	215	280	190	95	90
With total income	11,580	5,500	6,085	4,490	2,320	2,175
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.2	95.7	95.9	96.1	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,475	450	1,025	575	275	300
$10,000 to $19,999	2,215	700	1,515	730	350	385
$20,000 to $29,999	1,970	785	1,180	520	275	245
$30,000 to $39,999	1,665	820	845	530	275	255
$40,000 to $49,999	1,370	780	585	455	230	225
$50,000 to $59,999	865	560	305	415	205	205
$60,000 to $69,999	630	435	195	375	200	180
$70,000 to $79,999	390	255	130	280	160	125
$80,000 to $89,999	360	230	130	195	105	90
$90,000 to $99,999	180	120	60	130	70	65
$100,000 and over	465	360	105	275	185	95
$100,000 to $149,999	300	225	75	210	135	75
$150,000 and over	165	135	30	65	45	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	12,080	5,715	6,360	4,680	2,415	2,270
Without after-tax income	495	215	275	185	95	95
With after-tax income	11,585	5,500	6,085	4,495	2,315	2,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.2	95.7	96.0	95.9	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,515	450	1,060	595	280	320
$10,000 to $19,999	2,360	760	1,605	785	375	410
$20,000 to $29,999	2,375	990	1,375	640	345	290
$30,000 to $39,999	1,995	1,085	910	670	350	320
$40,000 to $49,999	1,255	765	495	605	315	295
$50,000 to $59,999	810	545	270	505	255	250
$60,000 to $69,999	545	355	190	285	155	130
$70,000 to $79,999	290	205	85	190	110	80
$80,000 and over	435	340	95	220	140	75
$80,000 to $89,999	160	115	45	90	55	35
$90,000 to $99,999	60	55	10	50	35	20
$100,000 and over	215	170	40	85	55	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	12,080	5,715	6,360	4,680	2,415	2,270
Without employment income	3,300	1,105	2,195	1,350	665	685
With employment income	8,780	4,610	4,170	3,330	1,745	1,585
Percentage with employment income	72.7	80.7	65.6	71.2	72.3	69.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,020	380	640	440	220	220
$5,000 to $9,999	690	260	425	235	105	125
$10,000 to $19,999	1,225	470	755	400	215	185
$20,000 to $29,999	1,295	570	725	380	195	180
$30,000 to $39,999	1,385	725	660	325	160	160
$40,000 to $49,999	950	590	355	305	155	155
$50,000 to $59,999	660	475	185	285	140	150
$60,000 to $69,999	475	345	125	305	165	135
$70,000 to $79,999	315	225	90	210	115	95
$80,000 and over	775	570	205	450	280	170
$80,000 to $89,999	290	195	100	160	90	75
$90,000 to $99,999	125	85	40	95	60	35
$100,000 and over	360	295	65	190	130	60
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,355	...	...	77,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,493	...	...	66,194	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,530	...	...	475	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,280	...	...	32,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,098	...	...	28,736	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,495	...	...	1,780	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,909	...	...	91,776	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,369	...	...	77,033	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,834	...	...	88,756	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,232	...	...	72,433	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,530	...	...	475	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,595	...	...	40,255	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,798	...	...	32,460	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,495	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,799	...	...	101,672	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,225	...	...	83,079	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	165	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	245	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	335	...	...	75	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	265	...	...	70	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	325	...	...	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	295	...	...	85	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	345	...	...	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...	105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	580	...	...	160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	520	...	...	170	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	465	...	...	145	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	425	...	...	140	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	380	...	...	145	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,300	...	...	810	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	540	...	...	270	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	295	...	...	215	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	280	...	...	220	...	...
$200,000 and over	185	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	170	...	...	45	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	260	...	...	75	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	375	...	...	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	305	...	...	90	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	355	...	...	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	395	...	...	105	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	370	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	360	...	...	115	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	670	...	...	225	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	590	...	...	190	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	520	...	...	210	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	425	...	...	165	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	275	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 and over	850	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	420	...	...	280	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	140	...	...
$150,000 and over	225	...	...	120	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	4,350	...	...	1,740	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,167	...	...	91,744	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,619	...	...	76,963	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,760	...	...	700	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,304	...	...	77,909	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,906	...	...	66,005	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,970	...	...	805	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,412	...	...	114,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,739	...	...	95,061	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	490	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,117	...	...	50,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,472	...	...	47,275	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	4,365	...	...	1,720	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,148	...	...	101,775	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,508	...	...	83,079	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,760	...	...	690	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,593	...	...	91,358	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,276	...	...	74,079	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,980	...	...	820	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,803	...	...	121,087	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,853	...	...	98,403	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	485	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,571	...	...	57,476	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,746	...	...	50,015	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,040	825	1,215	600	365	235
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,576	33,067	25,870	31,392	31,936	30,976
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,160	29,205	24,480	27,840	27,840	27,840
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,040	765	1,270	630	370	260
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,484	42,826	34,270	38,856	38,657	39,142
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,406	35,880	30,316	31,652	31,566	31,776
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	15,535	7,485	8,055	5,820	3,000	2,820
In the bottom half of the distribution	10,230	4,805	5,425	2,790	1,465	1,320
In the bottom decile	1,500	675	825	435	250	190
In the second decile	2,380	1,015	1,365	500	265	240
In the third decile	2,325	1,125	1,210	510	260	250
In the fourth decile	2,135	1,055	1,075	615	315	300
In the fifth decile	1,890	935	950	720	370	350
In the top half of the distribution	5,310	2,675	2,630	3,030	1,535	1,495
In the sixth decile	1,505	750	755	720	360	355
In the seventh decile	1,260	640	620	720	370	345
In the eighth decile	1,065	520	545	695	350	340
In the ninth decile	840	430	410	560	280	285
In the top decile	640	335	305	345	175	165
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	15,540	7,485	8,050	5,825	3,005	2,815
0 to 17 years	4,010	2,030	1,980	1,340	690	645
0 to 5 years	1,585	800	790	425	220	205
18 to 64 years	9,180	4,465	4,715	3,670	1,875	1,790
65 years and over	2,350	985	1,360	810	435	380
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,655	1,140	1,515	655	365	295
0 to 17 years	950	485	465	145	80	65
0 to 5 years	455	225	230	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	1,285	540	740	395	220	175
65 years and over	420	120	305	115	55	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.1	15.2	18.8	11.2	12.1	10.5
0 to 17 years (%)	23.7	23.9	23.5	10.8	11.6	10.1
0 to 5 years (%)	28.7	28.1	29.1	10.6	9.1	12.2
18 to 64 years (%)	14.0	12.1	15.7	10.8	11.7	9.8
65 years and over (%)	17.9	12.2	22.4	14.2	12.6	14.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	945	420	520	235	140	95
0 to 17 years	285	145	145	30	15	20
0 to 5 years	130	65	70	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	615	260	350	185	110	70
65 years and over	45	10	30	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.1	5.6	6.5	4.0	4.7	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	7.1	7.1	7.3	2.2	2.2	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	8.2	8.1	8.9	2.4	2.3	2.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	5.8	7.4	5.0	5.9	3.9
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.0	2.2	1.9	2.3	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	15,535	7,480	8,055	5,820	3,005	2,815
Official languages	15,370	7,400	7,965	5,820	3,005	2,820
English	15,370	7,400	7,970	5,065	2,655	2,410
French	680	290	390	4,495	2,280	2,210
Non-official languages	6,030	2,845	3,190	300	165	140
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,020	2,845	3,175	300	165	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	35	25	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	10	20	25	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	25	25	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	30	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,025	510	510	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	20	10	0	0	0
Fijian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	955	470	485	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,765	2,225	2,535	255	135	115
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	480	245	230	20	10	10
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	480	245	230	20	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Russian	325	185	145	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	15	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	135	60	75	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	20	15	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,095	1,910	2,180	50	25	20
Afrikaans	25	20	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dutch	80	30	50	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,010	1,880	2,130	30	20	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	90	50	45	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	65	35	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	105	65	35	25	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	35	15	0	0	0
Hindi	40	25	15	20	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	475	230	245	190	100	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	0	35	10	20
Portuguese	30	15	15	40	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Spanish	445	215	230	125	60	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	0	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	10	0	10
Chinese languages	45	25	20	10	0	15
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	25	20	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	15,540	7,480	8,055	5,820	3,005	2,815
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	13,660	6,530	7,130	5,750	2,955	2,790
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,610	1,795	1,815	1,300	650	645
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,050	4,735	5,310	4,450	2,305	2,145
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,875	955	925	75	50	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	15,540	7,485	8,055	5,820	3,000	2,820
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	12,160	5,810	6,355	5,585	2,870	2,715
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,185	1,570	1,610	235	135	100
Before 1981	575	270	300	105	55	40
1981 to 1990	225	105	125	45	20	20
1991 to 2000	280	145	130	35	20	15
2001 to 2010	1,210	590	625	45	25	20
2001 to 2005	490	215	270	15	10	10
2006 to 2010	725	375	350	25	15	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	895	460	435	15	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	190	100	90	0	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,185	1,575	1,615	230	135	100
Under 5 years	475	265	210	35	20	15
5 to 14 years	860	430	430	70	40	30
15 to 24 years	560	265	290	45	25	15
25 to 44 years	1,130	545	590	80	40	35
45 years and over	165	70	95	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,190	1,575	1,610	235	135	100
Americas	1,095	475	610	30	20	10
Brazil	10	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	15	0	20	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	320	140	180	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	145	35	110	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	570	290	285	0	0	10
Europe	655	335	325	150	75	70
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	15	10	0
Germany	280	145	140	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungary	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	0	20	10	10
Netherlands	35	15	15	10	10	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	10	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	110	70	45	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	120	60	60	20	0	15
Other places of birth in Europe	35	10	20	50	20	30
Africa	110	60	50	20	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	15	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	30	15	0	10	0
Asia	1,305	685	625	35	15	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	15	10	15	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	70	35	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	940	490	455	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	195	105	95	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	890	460	435	10	15	0
Americas	90	35	55	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	20	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	25	20	0	0	0
Europe	105	65	35	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	40	30	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	15	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	0	10	0
Africa	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	670	345	325	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	10	0	0	0	0
India	45	20	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	535	265	265	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	25	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	15,540	7,485	8,055	5,820	3,005	2,815
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,575	1,800	1,775	275	150	125
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,525	1,240	1,285	405	205	200
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,440	4,445	4,995	5,140	2,650	2,495
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,670	1,320	1,350	135	80	55
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,910	1,035	875	90	55	35
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	585	415	165	40	30	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,330	620	710	45	25	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	595	210	385	40	20	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	150	70	80	0	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	15,535	7,485	8,055	5,820	3,005	2,820
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,055	485	570	535	295	240
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,040	485	560	520	285	235
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	440	205	235	175	100	75
Métis	595	270	320	345	185	160
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	0	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	14,485	7,000	7,485	5,285	2,710	2,575
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	15,535	7,485	8,055	5,820	3,005	2,815
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	340	175	170	105	55	50
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,195	7,305	7,890	5,715	2,950	2,760
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	15,535	7,485	8,055	5,820	3,005	2,820
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	265	130	135	215	120	95
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	265	130	135	210	115	95
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	185	85	100	80	45	30
Métis single ancestry	80	45	35	135	70	65
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	935	440	500	505	295	215
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	915	435	480	485	280	200
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	390	190	195	280	175	100
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	520	235	285	200	110	100
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	10	20	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	20	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	14,335	6,915	7,420	5,095	2,590	2,505
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	15,535	7,485	8,055	5,820	3,000	2,820
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,815	950	860	85	55	30
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	155	115	45	10	10	0
Chinese	65	30	35	30	10	20
Black	200	110	90	0	10	0
Filipino	1,020	490	530	0	10	0
Latin American	105	45	60	0	0	0
Arab	0	0	0	20	15	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	145	100	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	55	40	20	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	13,725	6,535	7,190	5,735	2,945	2,790
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	15,535	7,480	8,055	5,820	3,005	2,815
North American Aboriginal origins	1,205	570	635	725	415	310
First Nations (North American Indian)	595	280	315	385	240	150
Inuit	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	625	290	335	365	190	175
Other North American origins	4,345	2,045	2,300	3,345	1,740	1,605
Acadian	10	0	0	10	0	10
American	70	45	20	0	0	10
Canadian	4,290	2,010	2,285	3,280	1,710	1,570
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	11,200	5,285	5,920	3,595	1,825	1,765
British Isles origins	2,720	1,255	1,460	2,075	1,020	1,060
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,555	665	890	845	430	410
Irish	1,030	460	570	1,380	665	725
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	1,030	480	550	750	370	375
Welsh	95	50	50	40	15	30
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	215	100	120	20	0	15
French origins	1,000	450	550	2,090	1,075	1,015
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	15	10	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,000	450	545	2,080	1,065	1,015
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,485	3,535	3,950	495	255	245
Austrian	100	55	45	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	105	65	40	10	0	15
Dutch	1,935	885	1,050	105	45	60
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,275	2,960	3,315	365	205	160
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	75	25	45	25	10	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	500	220	280	50	35	15
Danish	45	25	15	10	0	10
Finnish	25	10	20	10	10	0
Icelandic	110	65	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	120	45	80	25	15	0
Swedish	195	80	120	0	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,240	1,980	2,260	190	95	95
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	15	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	35	60	35	15	20
Latvian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	615	265	350	65	30	35
Romanian	30	15	10	10	0	0
Russian	2,550	1,200	1,345	30	15	20
Slovak	35	15	25	10	15	0
Ukrainian	1,525	725	800	40	15	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	330	145	185	295	150	150
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	40	10	25
Italian	150	45	105	110	50	55
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	15	95	60	35
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	130	70	60	70	40	30
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	125	65	65	10	0	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	65	20	40	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	40	20	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	75	30	40	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	50	20	30	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	875	410	475	40	25	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	10	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	370	165	205	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	410	195	215	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	10	10	20	15	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	0	20	0	0	0
African origins	175	95	80	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	55	25	25	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	35	20	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	0	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	40	20	15	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	65	40	30	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	70	45	25	0	10	0
Asian origins	1,590	810	780	130	85	50
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	80	35	45	45	35	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	10	35	20	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	15	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	170	105	70	35	30	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	145	85	60	35	30	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	15	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,350	680	675	55	20	30
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	145	65	85	40	20	25
Filipino	1,105	560	545	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Laotian	55	40	15	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	35	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	30	25	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	55	30	20	0	0	0
Fijian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
Owner	3,905	...	...	1,970	...	...
Renter	2,120	...	...	285	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
Condominium	710	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	5,315	...	...	2,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,025	...	...	2,255	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	570	...	...	135	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,020	...	...	455	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,660	...	...	1,030	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,760	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,020	...	...	2,255	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,810	...	...	325	...	...
5 rooms	1,000	...	...	330	...	...
6 rooms	815	...	...	410	...	...
7 rooms	720	...	...	340	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,685	...	...	845	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,880	...	...	2,240	...	...
More than 1 person per room	145	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
Suitable	5,770	...	...	2,205	...	...
Not suitable	250	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
1960 or before	515	...	...	575	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,360	...	...	680	...	...
1981 to 1990	825	...	...	290	...	...
1991 to 2000	770	...	...	210	...	...
2001 to 2005	655	...	...	150	...	...
2006 to 2010	870	...	...	240	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,030	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,025	...	...	2,250	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,795	...	...	2,030	...	...
Major repairs needed	230	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,025	...	...	2,255	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,595	...	...	1,155	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,305	...	...	1,060	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	120	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,020	...	...	2,255	...	...
15 to 24 years	360	...	...	35	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,170	...	...	300	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,050	...	...	425	...	...
45 to 54 years	985	...	...	535	...	...
55 to 64 years	885	...	...	475	...	...
65 to 74 years	740	...	...	340	...	...
75 to 84 years	540	...	...	120	...	...
85 years and over	300	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,020	...	...	2,170	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,650	...	...	1,830	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,365	...	...	340	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,270	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,900	...	...	1,895	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.7	...	...	62.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.6	...	...	13.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,079	...	...	1,012	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,093	...	...	1,105	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,500	...	...	290,606	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	275,499	...	...	334,310	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,125	...	...	280	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.3	...	...	10.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.4	...	...	28.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	867	...	...	727	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	910	...	...	763	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,080	5,715	6,360	4,680	2,440	2,240
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,375	1,640	1,735	1,090	670	420
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,840	1,880	1,960	1,250	585	665
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,865	2,195	2,670	2,345	1,185	1,155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	830	460	370	610	445	160
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	430	195	235	380	230	150
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	395	265	130	225	210	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,900	785	1,115	960	435	525
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	110	175	115	35	75
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,860	845	1,015	660	275	390
Bachelor's degree	1,385	590	795	440	130	310
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	45	105	55	40	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	60	35	10	0	0
Master's degree	195	115	80	135	80	60
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	25	0	20	20	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	7,535	3,650	3,890	3,265	1,680	1,585
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,385	785	605	585	380	210
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,355	1,180	1,175	835	390	450
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,795	1,690	2,105	1,840	910	930
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	560	315	245	475	330	145
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	285	140	145	310	180	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	270	180	90	165	155	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,475	630	850	725	330	395
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	85	125	85	25	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,545	655	885	550	220	335
Bachelor's degree	1,175	470	705	365	100	265
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	115	25	85	40	25	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	45	35	10	10	0
Master's degree	160	95	65	130	80	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	20	0	15	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,080	5,715	6,360	4,680	2,440	2,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,210	3,520	3,690	2,335	1,255	1,085
Education	565	145	420	160	40	120
13. Education	570	145	420	160	40	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	30	60	70	35	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	15	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	80	20	60	60	25	35
Humanities	455	255	200	105	25	80
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	25	0	30
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	10	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10	40	15	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	30	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	330	200	130	10	0	0
54. History	0	0	10	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	320	90	225	270	75	190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	30	0	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	10	95	45	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	70	25	50	55	25	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	0	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	30	15	15	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	90	45	45	115	35	75
Business, management and public administration	855	325	535	460	125	335
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	15	50	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	790	315	480	445	125	320
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	45	35	85	50	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	20	30	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	15	20	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	70	60	110	60	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	100	60	35	90	55	35
25. Library science	15	0	20	20	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	795	735	60	590	550	40
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	15	10	10
14. Engineering	140	100	40	50	20	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	130	120	0	115	115	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	200	200	0	175	170	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	260	260	0	150	150	0
48. Precision production	55	50	10	85	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	230	155	75	95	65	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	215	140	75	60	35	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	35	30	10
Health and related fields	995	185	815	215	40	175
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	10	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	960	155	800	195	35	165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	20	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	340	150	185	180	120	60
12. Personal and culinary services	200	40	165	85	30	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	35	20	75	70	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	75	10	20	20	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	7,535	3,650	3,885	3,265	1,675	1,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,740	1,960	1,785	1,425	765	660
Education	430	95	340	100	30	75
13. Education	435	95	340	105	25	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	25	45	55	20	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	15	45	45	15	30
Humanities	285	170	115	70	15	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	20	0	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	20	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	215	135	75	0	0	0
54. History	10	0	10	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	255	70	180	225	65	155
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	10	25	10	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	0	75	40	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	35	30	20	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	20	0	15	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	70	35	40	95	40	60
Business, management and public administration	745	275	470	380	105	275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	15	40	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	685	260	430	360	105	255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	60	30	30	60	35	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	20	30	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	55	50	95	50	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	60	35	75	45	30
25. Library science	10	0	15	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	10	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	600	550	55	440	415	30
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	10	0	10
14. Engineering	115	85	30	40	20	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	110	105	10	95	95	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	145	135	0	145	145	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	180	180	0	100	105	0
48. Precision production	40	35	0	55	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	140	70	80	50	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	200	130	75	55	30	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	25	20	0
Health and related fields	775	160	620	195	30	165
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	10	15	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	745	135	610	180	30	155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	15	0	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	240	120	130	150	95	55
12. Personal and culinary services	145	30	115	65	20	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	30	0	60	60	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	55	10	20	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,080	5,715	6,360	4,680	2,445	2,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,210	3,520	3,695	2,335	1,255	1,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,865	2,195	2,670	2,340	1,190	1,155
Location of study inside Canada	3,795	1,645	2,150	2,265	1,135	1,125
Same as province or territory of residence	3,190	1,350	1,840	1,205	550	650
Different than province or territory of residence	605	295	310	1,060	585	470
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,070	555	515	85	55	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	65	50	30	15	10
Philippines	550	260	290	0	0	0
India	40	30	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	25	25	15	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	310	175	140	30	20	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	7,535	3,650	3,885	3,265	1,680	1,590
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,740	1,960	1,785	1,425	765	660
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,790	1,690	2,100	1,840	915	930
Location of study inside Canada	2,820	1,195	1,625	1,795	885	915
Same as province or territory of residence	2,375	980	1,395	970	425	545
Different than province or territory of residence	450	215	230	820	455	360
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	975	495	475	50	25	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	30	25	15	10	10
Philippines	530	250	280	0	0	0
India	35	25	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	25	15	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other	295	165	130	15	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	12,080	5,720	6,360	4,680	2,440	2,235
In the labour force	8,270	4,515	3,760	3,155	1,690	1,465
Employed	7,810	4,265	3,545	2,995	1,585	1,410
Unemployed	460	245	210	160	110	50
Not in the labour force	3,810	1,205	2,605	1,525	745	780
Participation rate	68.5	78.9	59.1	67.4	69.3	65.5
Employment rate	64.7	74.6	55.7	64.0	65.0	63.1
Unemployment rate	5.6	5.4	5.6	5.1	6.5	3.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	12,080	5,720	6,365	4,680	2,445	2,235
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,545	1,125	2,425	1,465	730	730
Worked	8,530	4,590	3,935	3,220	1,715	1,505
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,315	2,680	1,630	1,795	985	810
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,215	1,910	2,300	1,425	730	695
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	44.2	41.9	44.0	43.9	44.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	8,270	4,515	3,755	3,155	1,690	1,465
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	80	70	45	35	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	8,125	4,435	3,690	3,110	1,660	1,450
Employee	7,280	3,905	3,375	2,650	1,330	1,320
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	845	535	315	465	335	130
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	8,275	4,515	3,755	3,155	1,695	1,460
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	80	65	45	30	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	8,125	4,435	3,690	3,110	1,660	1,450
0 Management occupations	820	575	240	375	235	140
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,055	295	755	655	190	455
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	295	215	80	200	125	70
3 Health occupations	555	110	445	120	20	100
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	875	315	560	355	100	255
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	130	55	75	70	20	50
6 Sales and service occupations	1,755	690	1,065	525	195	325
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,610	1,505	105	640	605	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	355	270	80	155	140	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	675	400	275	25	20	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	8,275	4,515	3,755	3,155	1,695	1,460
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	80	70	45	35	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	8,125	4,435	3,690	3,110	1,660	1,450
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	470	370	105	150	110	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	10	0	0	0
22 Utilities	35	30	10	0	0	0
23 Construction	825	755	70	405	345	55
31-33 Manufacturing	1,160	760	400	50	35	20
41 Wholesale trade	215	165	50	55	30	25
44-45 Retail trade	885	430	455	300	130	170
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	685	550	130	220	130	90
51 Information and cultural industries	85	55	30	60	35	25
52 Finance and insurance	265	75	185	80	35	50
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	75	45	30	20	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	230	110	120	95	45	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	175	80	95	170	140	35
61 Educational services	555	185	370	180	40	135
62 Health care and social assistance	1,060	165	895	250	50	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110	55	55	60	25	35
72 Accommodation and food services	540	160	380	125	60	65
81 Other services (except public administration)	450	250	195	155	110	45
91 Public administration	235	145	90	720	315	405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	7,815	4,265	3,545	2,995	1,580	1,410
Worked at home	355	135	220	230	130	105
Worked outside Canada	50	30	20	20	15	0
No fixed workplace address	1,125	935	195	430	395	30
Worked at usual place	6,280	3,165	3,120	2,320	1,040	1,275
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,280	3,165	3,120	2,320	1,045	1,275
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,200	1,850	2,350	220	105	115
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,440	870	570	65	30	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	610	415	190	1,070	455	615
Commute to a different province or territory	25	25	0	970	460	510
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	7,405	4,095	3,310	2,750	1,445	1,305
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,140	3,480	2,655	2,305	1,295	1,005
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	620	305	310	225	70	165
Public transit	35	20	20	120	30	90
Walked	415	145	270	75	30	40
Bicycle	150	110	35	20	15	0
Other method	55	35	20	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	7,405	4,100	3,315	2,750	1,445	1,305
Less than 15 minutes	4,735	2,255	2,480	300	175	130
15 to 29 minutes	1,445	910	535	660	330	335
30 to 44 minutes	350	255	95	710	370	335
45 to 59 minutes	345	270	75	575	270	305
60 minutes and over	525	410	120	505	305	205
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	7,405	4,095	3,310	2,750	1,445	1,305
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	435	345	85	320	215	105
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,290	910	380	895	515	380
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,125	1,305	815	805	390	420
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,695	670	1,030	340	135	210
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	610	245	370	135	55	80
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,245	615	625	260	135	115
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	8,775	4,695	4,080	3,325	1,775	1,545
Single responses	8,680	4,655	4,025	2,920	1,585	1,330
Official languages	8,600	4,595	4,005	2,915	1,585	1,335
English	8,580	4,590	3,995	1,735	995	735
French	20	0	10	1,180	590	595
Non-official languages	80	60	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	60	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	50	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	40	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	35	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	40	55	410	190	215
English and French	45	15	25	410	190	215
English and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	8,775	4,695	4,080	3,325	1,780	1,545
None	8,120	4,320	3,800	1,795	1,015	780
English	60	40	20	740	360	380
French	95	40	55	765	385	380
Non-official language	495	285	210	15	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	495	290	205	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	15,280	7,335	7,945	5,755	2,975	2,780
Non-movers	12,330	5,890	6,435	5,210	2,675	2,540
Movers	2,950	1,445	1,510	545	305	245
Non-migrants	1,620	810	810	125	85	40
Migrants	1,330	630	695	420	220	200
Internal migrants	1,125	530	600	390	200	190
Intraprovincial migrants	945	450	495	320	160	165
Interprovincial migrants	180	80	100	65	40	30
External migrants	205	105	100	30	20	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	14,195	6,830	7,370	5,470	2,810	2,655
Non-movers	6,285	2,950	3,335	3,925	2,025	1,900
Movers	7,905	3,875	4,035	1,540	785	755
Non-migrants	4,280	2,165	2,115	640	340	300
Migrants	3,630	1,715	1,915	900	440	455
Internal migrants	2,660	1,205	1,450	890	435	460
Intraprovincial migrants	2,225	1,025	1,200	705	345	360
Interprovincial migrants	435	185	250	190	90	95
External migrants	970	505	465	10	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Steinbach, CY [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pontiac, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Steinbach, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Steinbach, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Steinbach, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pontiac, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec