Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 5, CDR Manitoba [Census division]			Drummond Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	13,176	...	...	103,397	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	12,922	...	...	98,681	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.0	...	...	4.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,945	...	...	47,581	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	5,442	...	...	45,334	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.6	...	...	64.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,229.91	...	...	1,600.26	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	13,175	6,595	6,585	103,395	51,560	51,835
0 to 14 years	2,360	1,230	1,135	17,610	9,080	8,530
0 to 4 years	800	400	405	5,700	2,895	2,805
5 to 9 years	800	420	380	6,245	3,245	3,000
10 to 14 years	760	410	355	5,665	2,945	2,725
15 to 64 years	7,765	3,900	3,870	66,045	33,500	32,545
15 to 19 years	720	375	340	5,690	2,885	2,805
20 to 24 years	620	330	290	5,645	2,910	2,735
25 to 29 years	685	350	335	5,630	2,935	2,695
30 to 34 years	670	330	340	6,140	3,150	2,990
35 to 39 years	695	350	340	7,345	3,730	3,615
40 to 44 years	685	345	340	6,185	3,190	2,995
45 to 49 years	645	305	340	6,180	3,205	2,975
50 to 54 years	900	440	465	7,595	3,795	3,800
55 to 59 years	1,110	540	570	8,005	3,915	4,090
60 to 64 years	1,030	525	505	7,625	3,790	3,835
65 years and over	3,045	1,470	1,575	19,740	8,980	10,760
65 to 69 years	940	495	450	6,900	3,360	3,540
70 to 74 years	675	345	330	5,160	2,465	2,695
75 to 79 years	525	250	275	3,180	1,480	1,700
80 to 84 years	405	180	225	2,205	910	1,295
85 years and over	500	205	295	2,295	760	1,535
85 to 89 years	305	140	155	1,425	530	895
90 to 94 years	160	50	110	660	185	470
95 to 99 years	35	15	20	185	35	150
100 years and over	5	0	0	25	10	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.9	18.7	17.2	17.0	17.6	16.5
15 to 64 years	58.9	59.1	58.8	63.9	65.0	62.8
65 years and over	23.1	22.3	23.9	19.1	17.4	20.8
85 years and over	3.8	3.1	4.5	2.2	1.5	3.0
Average age of the population	43.9	43.0	44.7	42.1	41.1	43.1
Median age of the population	46.2	44.8	47.4	42.8	41.6	44.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	5,440	...	...	45,335	...	...
Single-detached house	4,845	...	...	24,885	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	240	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	415	...	...	19,680	...	...
Semi-detached house	80	...	...	2,085	...	...
Row house	25	...	...	805	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...	3,540	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	285	...	...	13,025	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	225	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	180	...	...	535	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	5,445	...	...	45,335	...	...
1 person	1,595	...	...	15,325	...	...
2 persons	2,280	...	...	16,585	...	...
3 persons	605	...	...	5,770	...	...
4 persons	580	...	...	5,110	...	...
5 or more persons	380	...	...	2,555	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,345	...	...	100,095	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	10,815	5,365	5,450	85,785	42,480	43,305
Married or living common law	7,235	3,615	3,615	49,650	24,840	24,810
Married	6,405	3,200	3,205	26,700	13,395	13,305
Living common law	830	415	420	22,945	11,440	11,505
Not married and not living common law	3,580	1,750	1,830	36,135	17,645	18,495
Never married	2,010	1,185	825	23,420	13,130	10,285
Separated	230	115	115	1,040	515	525
Divorced	500	260	240	6,545	2,810	3,730
Widowed	835	190	650	5,135	1,180	3,955
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,770	...	...	28,780	...	...
2 persons	2,280	...	...	16,150	...	...
3 persons	570	...	...	5,475	...	...
4 persons	580	...	...	4,940	...	...
5 or more persons	345	...	...	2,215	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,770	...	...	28,780	...	...
Total couple families	3,455	...	...	24,210	...	...
Married couples	3,035	...	...	12,745	...	...
Common-law couples	415	...	...	11,465	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	320	...	...	4,570	...	...
Female parent	240	...	...	3,270	...	...
Male parent	80	...	...	1,295	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,450	...	...	24,210	...	...
Couples without children	2,100	...	...	13,400	...	...
Couples with children	1,355	...	...	10,820	...	...
1 child	480	...	...	4,115	...	...
2 children	550	...	...	4,580	...	...
3 or more children	330	...	...	2,125	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	320	...	...	4,565	...	...
1 child	185	...	...	2,755	...	...
2 children	90	...	...	1,360	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	455	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,915	955	960	19,755	10,255	9,500
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	5,445	...	...	45,335	...	...
One-census-family households	3,730	...	...	28,325	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,080	...	...	13,205	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,650	...	...	15,125	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	15	...	...	225	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,690	...	...	16,780	...	...
One-person households	1,595	...	...	15,325	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	90	...	...	1,460	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	12,965	6,510	6,450	101,950	50,875	51,070
English only	12,635	6,365	6,275	160	80	75
French only	5	0	0	73,645	35,225	38,420
English and French	275	120	155	27,870	15,420	12,450
Neither English nor French	55	30	25	280	155	130
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	12,965	6,510	6,450	101,950	50,880	51,075
English	12,800	6,430	6,365	1,285	650	635
French	110	50	60	99,990	49,860	50,130
English and French	0	0	0	410	225	185
Neither English nor French	55	25	25	265	140	125
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	110	55	65	1,495	765	725
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.8	1.0	1.5	1.5	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	12,960	6,510	6,455	101,950	50,880	51,075
Single responses	12,910	6,480	6,435	101,240	50,510	50,725
Official languages	11,675	5,850	5,825	99,105	49,395	49,710
English	11,540	5,790	5,750	1,240	625	615
French	140	65	75	97,865	48,770	49,095
Non-official languages	1,230	625	610	2,135	1,115	1,015
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,225	620	605	2,125	1,110	1,010
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	350	205	140
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	5	0	340	205	140
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	340	200	140
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	5	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	90	90	15	0	5
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	150	70	75	5	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,010	515	495	1,290	665	625
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	60	30	30	150	65	80
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	30	30	145	65	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	20	10	10
Czech	5	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	10	5	10
Russian	15	5	15	15	5	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	15	5	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	905	465	445	155	90	65
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	845	430	415	135	80	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	10	15	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	940	480	460
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	35	30	10
Portuguese	5	0	5	30	10	10
Romanian	0	5	0	35	15	15
Spanish	10	5	5	850	430	420
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	185	85	100
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	30	15	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	35	15	20
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	5	10	90	45	40
Chinese languages	20	10	5	90	45	45
Cantonese	10	5	5	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	75	40	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lao	0	0	0	35	20	15
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	55	35	20	715	370	345
English and French	10	5	0	455	235	225
English and non-official language	40	25	20	5	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	220	115	105
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	12,965	6,510	6,455	101,955	50,875	51,075
Single responses	12,820	6,440	6,380	100,885	50,320	50,565
Official languages	12,165	6,105	6,065	99,690	49,715	49,975
English	12,150	6,095	6,060	825	425	405
French	10	10	5	98,860	49,295	49,570
Non-official languages	655	335	315	1,200	600	595
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	655	335	320	1,195	605	595
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	180	105	80
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	180	100	80
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	180	100	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	75	40	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	545	280	265	745	365	380
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	15	85	40	45
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	90	40	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Russian	15	5	15	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	505	265	245	45	25	20
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	500	260	240	45	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	590	295	300
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	5	0	5	565	280	285
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	40	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sign languages	0	5	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	75	40	35
Chinese languages	10	0	5	80	45	35
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	145	70	75	1,070	560	505
English and French	5	5	5	435	225	200
English and non-official language	135	65	65	25	15	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	555	285	265
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	40	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	12,965	6,515	6,455	101,955	50,875	51,070
None	12,470	6,265	6,210	96,875	48,220	48,655
English	270	135	135	3,445	1,850	1,595
French	25	5	20	950	465	485
Non-official language	190	100	90	545	275	270
Aboriginal	0	0	5	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	185	95	90	540	270	270
English and French	0	0	0	35	20	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	80	40	45
French and non-official language	5	5	5	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,175	5,080	5,095	82,495	41,175	41,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,950	4,965	4,980	80,360	40,225	40,140
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,067	40,762	28,250	30,560	35,638	25,754
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,945	4,965	4,980	80,375	40,225	40,150
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,211	35,376	25,998	27,697	31,336	24,029
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,460	4,790	4,670	70,150	36,115	34,040
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,909	37,006	23,367	27,407	33,420	22,256
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,960	3,120	3,840	64,115	30,440	33,675
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,573	7,952	7,342	8,073	7,077	8,847
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,675	4,070	3,600	57,230	30,380	26,850
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,258	34,709	24,006	29,278	34,658	24,209
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	10,175	5,080	5,095	82,495	41,170	41,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,945	4,965	4,980	80,390	40,180	40,205
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,129	52,968	43,301	38,157	44,601	31,717
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,950	4,970	4,980	80,415	40,190	40,225
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,807	41,398	34,223	32,138	36,654	27,625
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,410	4,770	4,640	70,170	36,155	34,015
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,692	49,403	39,847	35,500	42,569	27,988
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,130	3,185	3,945	63,995	30,280	33,715
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,178	8,650	7,797	9,008	8,366	9,584
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,670	4,085	3,585	57,235	30,345	26,885
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,189	46,939	43,196	34,639	39,341	29,332
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	10,175	5,075	5,095	82,495	41,170	41,325
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,680	2,325	1,355	25,970	14,800	11,170
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,029	44,856	41,063	40,853	44,373	37,122
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	62,504	53,948	77,186	47,119	51,500	41,313
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.6	89.4	83.0	80.6	85.2	74.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.5	70.4	63.8	66.2	69.8	61.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.4	10.6	17.0	19.4	14.8	25.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	10,175	5,080	5,100	82,495	41,170	41,325
Without total income	225	115	110	2,135	950	1,185
With total income	9,945	4,965	4,980	80,360	40,225	40,135
Percentage with total income	97.7	97.7	97.6	97.4	97.7	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,050	415	635	9,280	3,915	5,365
$10,000 to $19,999	1,710	685	1,020	16,470	6,500	9,970
$20,000 to $29,999	1,620	650	965	13,750	6,240	7,505
$30,000 to $39,999	1,440	695	745	12,205	6,260	5,950
$40,000 to $49,999	1,195	640	550	10,600	5,785	4,815
$50,000 to $59,999	835	505	330	6,610	3,990	2,620
$60,000 to $69,999	610	390	220	3,985	2,565	1,425
$70,000 to $79,999	435	255	180	2,795	1,665	1,135
$80,000 to $89,999	330	215	115	1,570	1,050	520
$90,000 to $99,999	240	155	80	910	625	290
$100,000 and over	480	355	125	2,180	1,635	550
$100,000 to $149,999	365	275	95	1,500	1,105	395
$150,000 and over	115	85	30	680	530	150
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,170	5,075	5,095	82,495	41,175	41,325
Without after-tax income	230	115	115	2,120	945	1,175
With after-tax income	9,945	4,965	4,985	80,375	40,230	40,150
Percentage with after-tax income	97.8	97.8	97.8	97.4	97.7	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,115	445	675	9,590	3,995	5,595
$10,000 to $19,999	1,840	735	1,100	17,350	6,905	10,450
$20,000 to $29,999	1,980	835	1,140	17,045	8,085	8,965
$30,000 to $39,999	1,715	880	835	15,535	8,435	7,100
$40,000 to $49,999	1,210	705	505	9,975	5,870	4,110
$50,000 to $59,999	785	495	290	5,160	3,140	2,020
$60,000 to $69,999	585	365	215	2,685	1,640	1,045
$70,000 to $79,999	305	205	95	1,215	830	390
$80,000 and over	410	295	115	1,820	1,335	480
$80,000 to $89,999	160	115	50	595	435	160
$90,000 to $99,999	90	65	25	360	255	100
$100,000 and over	155	110	45	865	645	220
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	10,175	5,080	5,095	82,495	41,175	41,325
Without employment income	2,500	1,005	1,495	25,265	10,790	14,475
With employment income	7,675	4,070	3,600	57,235	30,380	26,850
Percentage with employment income	75.4	80.1	70.7	69.4	73.8	65.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,140	565	575	7,180	3,540	3,640
$5,000 to $9,999	695	315	380	4,670	2,025	2,640
$10,000 to $19,999	1,145	525	620	8,995	3,815	5,180
$20,000 to $29,999	925	410	515	8,390	3,815	4,570
$30,000 to $39,999	935	480	455	8,555	4,495	4,065
$40,000 to $49,999	800	435	365	6,865	4,125	2,745
$50,000 to $59,999	560	365	195	4,380	2,980	1,405
$60,000 to $69,999	415	265	150	2,780	1,835	950
$70,000 to $79,999	315	175	140	2,170	1,320	850
$80,000 and over	740	540	200	3,245	2,435	815
$80,000 to $89,999	235	155	80	1,095	775	315
$90,000 to $99,999	180	130	50	655	490	165
$100,000 and over	320	250	65	1,500	1,170	330
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	5,440	...	...	45,330	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,147	...	...	52,580	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,920	...	...	46,816	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,595	...	...	15,320	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,839	...	...	26,994	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,193	...	...	25,104	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,845	...	...	30,015	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,411	...	...	69,929	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,518	...	...	61,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	5,440	...	...	45,335	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,970	...	...	67,664	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,104	...	...	57,007	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,595	...	...	15,295	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,529	...	...	32,968	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,890	...	...	28,496	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,850	...	...	30,040	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,536	...	...	85,334	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,264	...	...	71,527	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	5,440	...	...	45,335	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	340	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	845	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	1,920	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...	2,750	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	280	...	...	2,710	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	270	...	...	2,165	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	320	...	...	2,930	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	310	...	...	2,810	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	240	...	...	2,610	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	240	...	...	2,420	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	480	...	...	4,285	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	450	...	...	3,650	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	370	...	...	3,205	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	375	...	...	2,600	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	285	...	...	2,250	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,380	...	...	7,845	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	595	...	...	3,740	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	330	...	...	1,855	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	290	...	...	1,430	...	...
$200,000 and over	165	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,440	...	...	45,335	...	...
Under $5,000	70	...	...	370	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	855	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	1,940	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	255	...	...	2,895	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	310	...	...	3,075	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	340	...	...	2,685	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	360	...	...	3,570	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	345	...	...	3,385	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	270	...	...	2,870	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	320	...	...	2,705	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	585	...	...	4,835	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	490	...	...	4,125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	465	...	...	3,220	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	340	...	...	2,515	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	300	...	...	1,875	...	...
$100,000 and over	840	...	...	4,405	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	460	...	...	2,515	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	185	...	...	980	...	...
$150,000 and over	195	...	...	910	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,795	...	...	28,930	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,064	...	...	70,314	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,275	...	...	61,513	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,060	...	...	13,005	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,571	...	...	60,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,026	...	...	53,700	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,360	...	...	10,860	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,766	...	...	95,526	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,040	...	...	81,733	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	310	...	...	4,475	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,360	...	...	47,067	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,622	...	...	43,456	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,825	...	...	28,895	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,184	...	...	86,119	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,927	...	...	72,048	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,065	...	...	12,955	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,838	...	...	79,149	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,905	...	...	65,995	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,345	...	...	10,915	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	155,757	...	...	109,673	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,591	...	...	90,719	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	350	...	...	4,400	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,877	...	...	50,741	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,068	...	...	45,187	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,765	880	885	18,250	9,595	8,660
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,282	36,992	28,083	25,620	29,208	23,021
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,656	32,128	26,389	24,114	26,481	22,229
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,700	860	840	18,230	9,665	8,560
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,866	50,061	39,564	31,774	33,537	29,784
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,566	35,650	33,460	27,572	28,716	26,281
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	12,345	6,195	6,155	100,095	50,240	49,850
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,940	3,385	3,555	66,490	32,875	33,615
In the bottom decile	1,035	505	530	9,710	4,790	4,915
In the second decile	1,490	680	810	13,335	6,095	7,240
In the third decile	1,450	710	740	15,095	7,450	7,645
In the fourth decile	1,520	750	770	15,025	7,660	7,370
In the fifth decile	1,445	745	700	13,325	6,880	6,440
In the top half of the distribution	5,405	2,810	2,600	33,600	17,365	16,240
In the sixth decile	1,425	730	695	11,315	5,885	5,420
In the seventh decile	1,335	685	645	8,985	4,645	4,340
In the eighth decile	1,175	605	560	6,295	3,240	3,060
In the ninth decile	830	440	390	4,120	2,135	1,990
In the top decile	645	340	305	2,890	1,460	1,430
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	12,345	6,195	6,150	100,095	50,240	49,845
0 to 17 years	2,590	1,335	1,255	20,970	10,750	10,225
0 to 5 years	915	465	450	6,875	3,510	3,365
18 to 64 years	7,015	3,510	3,500	62,040	31,335	30,700
65 years and over	2,745	1,345	1,400	17,080	8,160	8,920
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,840	880	960	16,045	7,500	8,540
0 to 17 years	490	255	235	3,050	1,575	1,470
0 to 5 years	200	105	100	970	510	450
18 to 64 years	875	425	450	9,115	4,390	4,725
65 years and over	475	200	275	3,880	1,530	2,345
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.9	14.2	15.6	16.0	14.9	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	18.9	19.1	18.7	14.5	14.7	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	21.9	22.6	22.2	14.1	14.5	13.4
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	12.1	12.9	14.7	14.0	15.4
65 years and over (%)	17.3	14.9	19.6	22.7	18.8	26.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	500	235	260	7,110	3,605	3,500
0 to 17 years	125	50	75	1,245	670	575
0 to 5 years	45	20	25	425	235	185
18 to 64 years	325	165	160	5,445	2,770	2,675
65 years and over	50	20	25	410	165	250
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.1	3.8	4.2	7.1	7.2	7.0
0 to 17 years (%)	4.8	3.7	6.0	5.9	6.2	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	4.9	4.3	5.6	6.2	6.7	5.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.7	4.6	8.8	8.8	8.7
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.5	1.8	2.4	2.0	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	12,350	6,195	6,150	100,095	50,240	49,850
Official languages	12,325	6,180	6,145	99,790	50,115	49,670
English	12,325	6,180	6,145	27,880	15,470	12,415
French	330	160	165	99,610	50,035	49,580
Non-official languages	805	405	405	4,510	2,135	2,370
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	10
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	800	395	400	4,495	2,125	2,365
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	420	255	160
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	410	250	160
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	405	245	160
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	85	30	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	60	15	45
Vietnamese	0	0	10	20	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	65	95	25	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	15	0	20	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	60	80	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	35	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	540	280	265	3,380	1,530	1,850
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Balto-Slavic languages	100	55	45	255	130	125
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	55	45	255	130	125
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	15	0	10	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	55	45	10
Russian	25	10	15	55	30	25
Serbian	0	10	0	30	15	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	405	210	190	335	180	150
Afrikaans	40	15	20	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	15	35	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	325	160	165	295	170	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	20	10	0	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	15	25	2,860	1,240	1,620
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	155	80	75
Portuguese	0	0	0	70	45	25
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Spanish	35	10	20	2,720	1,155	1,565
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	200	100	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	30	20	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	70	30	35
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	45	25	20
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	40	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Sign languages	40	30	15	80	40	40
American Sign Language	25	20	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	45	25	20
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	35	20	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	20	160	85	70
Chinese languages	45	25	20	160	90	75
Cantonese	25	10	20	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	160	85	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	30	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	20
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	12,350	6,195	6,150	100,090	50,240	49,850
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	12,055	6,075	5,975	98,755	49,580	49,175
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,570	1,340	1,230	20,665	10,640	10,025
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,480	4,735	4,745	78,090	38,940	39,150
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	295	115	180	1,335	660	675
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	12,345	6,195	6,155	100,090	50,240	49,850
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	11,650	5,900	5,750	97,050	48,720	48,335
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	640	265	375	2,905	1,440	1,465
Before 1981	175	70	110	475	285	195
1981 to 1990	75	35	40	280	135	145
1991 to 2000	85	20	60	435	185	250
2001 to 2010	180	85	90	1,025	495	525
2001 to 2005	55	30	25	480	230	250
2006 to 2010	125	60	65	545	265	285
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	125	55	75	685	335	350
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	60	25	35	130	80	45
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	640	265	375	2,905	1,435	1,470
Under 5 years	80	45	40	440	200	240
5 to 14 years	115	40	75	610	345	265
15 to 24 years	115	40	75	470	220	255
25 to 44 years	295	135	160	1,130	545	590
45 years and over	35	10	20	255	130	120
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	640	265	375	2,905	1,440	1,470
Americas	125	40	80	930	455	470
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	505	240	270
El Salvador	0	0	0	20	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	80	55	25
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	15	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	95	30	65	140	75	75
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	140	60	80
Europe	265	105	160	890	460	425
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	95	45	50
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	390	180	210
Germany	20	0	15	65	20	45
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	20	20	0
Netherlands	10	10	0	25	15	10
Poland	10	10	0	15	0	10
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	155	55	100	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	40	15	25	225	145	80
Africa	30	25	10	595	330	265
Algeria	0	0	0	45	30	15
Egypt	0	0	0	25	15	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	80	45	35
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	20	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	430	230	195
Asia	220	95	125	495	195	310
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	15	20	180	60	115
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	70	20	50
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	20	10	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	135	50	85	15	10	10
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	15	10	10	100	40	55
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	130	55	75	685	335	350
Americas	10	0	0	110	50	60
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	45	10	35
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	30	25	0
Europe	10	0	10	75	40	35
France	0	0	0	55	30	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	325	165	165
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	45	30	20
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	205	95	110
Asia	100	45	65	180	85	95
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	45	30	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	30	0	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	80	35	45	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	65	35	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	12,345	6,195	6,150	100,090	50,240	49,850
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	730	310	425	3,135	1,550	1,585
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,440	720	720	3,075	1,655	1,420
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	10,175	5,165	5,005	93,880	47,035	46,845
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	470	200	270	2,460	1,175	1,285
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	345	170	185	750	405	350
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	130	100	35	370	245	130
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	220	70	145	385	155	230
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	115	35	85	645	270	370
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	1,060	500	555
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	12,345	6,195	6,150	100,090	50,240	49,850
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	765	395	375	1,145	600	545
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	745	385	360	1,080	580	505
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	90	50	40	520	270	250
Métis	650	330	320	525	280	245
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	40	30	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	0	10	45	20	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	11,580	5,800	5,780	98,945	49,640	49,305
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	12,345	6,195	6,150	100,090	50,240	49,850
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	70	35	35	280	145	130
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,280	6,160	6,120	99,810	50,095	49,715
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	12,350	6,190	6,150	100,090	50,245	49,850
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	150	70	80	885	465	415
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	150	75	75	865	460	405
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35	20	15	740	380	370
Métis single ancestry	115	50	65	110	70	40
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	675	350	330	2,850	1,335	1,515
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	640	335	300	2,805	1,310	1,490
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	155	70	85	2,635	1,225	1,410
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	485	265	220	160	70	80
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	35	10	25	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	10	25	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	11,520	5,770	5,750	96,360	48,440	47,920
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	12,345	6,195	6,150	100,090	50,240	49,850
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	320	150	170	2,385	1,190	1,200
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	45	25	15	20	10	10
Chinese	40	25	20	235	80	155
Black	30	20	15	700	390	310
Filipino	130	50	75	15	10	10
Latin American	0	0	0	700	330	370
Arab	0	0	0	420	255	160
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	0	175	65	110
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Korean	10	0	10	35	20	15
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	0	20	30	15	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	10	10	30	10	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	12,030	6,045	5,980	97,705	49,060	48,650
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	12,350	6,195	6,155	100,090	50,240	49,850
North American Aboriginal origins	830	420	405	3,730	1,800	1,930
First Nations (North American Indian)	230	105	125	3,440	1,635	1,805
Inuit	0	0	0	40	30	10
Métis	640	335	310	310	165	145
Other North American origins	3,780	1,920	1,855	80,150	40,015	40,135
Acadian	0	0	0	390	185	205
American	120	45	75	540	230	310
Canadian	3,690	1,890	1,800	77,420	38,690	38,730
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	10	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	2,725	1,315	1,410
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	0
European origins	10,305	5,115	5,190	30,150	15,335	14,815
British Isles origins	7,695	3,750	3,945	6,440	3,050	3,395
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	10	0	0	0	0
English	4,995	2,420	2,570	1,415	700	715
Irish	3,130	1,480	1,645	4,420	2,040	2,380
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	4,070	1,825	2,245	1,310	605	710
Welsh	305	130	170	35	0	30
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	150	65	85	50	35	20
French origins	1,200	545	655	24,105	12,275	11,830
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	125	65	65
Corsican	0	0	0	20	20	0
French	1,205	545	660	23,975	12,195	11,780
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,585	1,840	1,745	2,045	1,075	970
Austrian	160	65	90	15	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,195	645	555	485	260	225
Dutch	675	325	355	125	70	55
Flemish	25	20	10	0	0	10
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	1,910	965	945	1,140	600	545
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swiss	40	10	30	395	205	190
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	895	455	435	155	60	90
Danish	185	105	80	25	10	15
Finnish	20	15	10	35	10	20
Icelandic	185	110	75	25	10	20
Norwegian	290	135	150	25	15	10
Swedish	225	115	115	45	25	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	90	35	50	25	10	15
Eastern European origins	1,655	810	845	440	230	215
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	40	25	20	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	15	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	25	20	50	20	25
Latvian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	355	155	200	160	100	55
Romanian	55	10	45	55	25	35
Russian	555	280	275	55	25	30
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ukrainian	875	425	455	120	60	60
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	15	10	10	0	10
Southern European origins	180	70	105	1,500	815	680
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	55	25	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	15	15	10	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	0	20	110	65	50
Italian	85	40	40	850	500	355
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	0	20	0	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	10	135	75	65
Serbian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	15	0	10	275	125	145
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	50	15	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins	20	15	0	105	65	35
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	50	35	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	0	50	30	20
Caribbean origins	25	10	10	330	200	130
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	50	10	35
Dominican	0	0	10	55	35	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	230	155	75
Jamaican	10	10	10	0	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	35	25	10	945	495	450
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Colombian	0	0	0	655	340	315
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	55	30	20
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	85	45	45
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	35	20	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	55	25	25	860	465	395
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	210	130	80
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	85	55	35
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	15	0	15
Senegalese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	30	20	0
North African origins	0	0	0	350	210	135
Algerian	0	0	0	110	60	50
Berber	0	0	0	45	30	15
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Libyan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	125	75	45
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	40	40	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	45	20	25	145	65	75
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	100	50	55
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	35	15	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	10	10	10	165	70	100
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	10	165	70	95
Asian origins	300	155	145	920	420	505
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	10	0	400	225	175
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	115	70	40
Armenian	10	10	0	45	20	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	30	10	20
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	10	60	40	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	80	50	30
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	50	35	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	40	25	15	25	15	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	15	10	25	15	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	15	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	245	120	120	500	180	320
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	105	45	70
Chinese	70	45	25	240	80	165
Filipino	165	70	90	15	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	30	15	15
Laotian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	15	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	0	20	20	15	10
Australian	0	0	0	15	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	20	10	10	0
Fijian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	5,445	...	...	45,335	...	...
Owner	4,595	...	...	27,755	...	...
Renter	845	...	...	17,580	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	5,440	...	...	45,335	...	...
Condominium	115	...	...	2,430	...	...
Not condominium	5,325	...	...	42,905	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	5,445	...	...	45,335	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	215	...	...
1 bedroom	360	...	...	6,095	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,200	...	...	13,135	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,065	...	...	16,555	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,800	...	...	9,340	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	5,440	...	...	45,335	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	845	...	...	13,535	...	...
5 rooms	745	...	...	9,850	...	...
6 rooms	785	...	...	5,645	...	...
7 rooms	905	...	...	5,800	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,160	...	...	10,495	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.1	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	5,445	...	...	45,335	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,440	...	...	45,165	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	5,440	...	...	45,335	...	...
Suitable	5,360	...	...	44,525	...	...
Not suitable	85	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	5,445	...	...	45,335	...	...
1960 or before	1,785	...	...	9,780	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,905	...	...	13,105	...	...
1981 to 1990	630	...	...	6,240	...	...
1991 to 2000	480	...	...	6,230	...	...
2001 to 2005	115	...	...	3,170	...	...
2006 to 2010	205	...	...	3,695	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	335	...	...	3,110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	5,445	...	...	45,335	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,040	...	...	43,070	...	...
Major repairs needed	400	...	...	2,260	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	5,445	...	...	45,330	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,480	...	...	28,845	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,935	...	...	16,160	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	25	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	5,440	...	...	45,335	...	...
15 to 24 years	200	...	...	1,825	...	...
25 to 34 years	680	...	...	6,250	...	...
35 to 44 years	780	...	...	7,955	...	...
45 to 54 years	690	...	...	8,245	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,255	...	...	9,565	...	...
65 to 74 years	940	...	...	7,690	...	...
75 to 84 years	605	...	...	2,920	...	...
85 years and over	300	...	...	885	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,665	...	...	44,765	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,050	...	...	36,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	610	...	...	7,980	...	...
30% to less than 100%	505	...	...	7,400	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,865	...	...	27,290	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	43.5	...	...	63.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.0	...	...	9.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	542	...	...	843	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	763	...	...	889	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,308	...	...	180,207	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	188,626	...	...	204,690	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	805	...	...	17,520	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.5	...	...	7.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.4	...	...	30.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	605	...	...	602	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	686	...	...	621	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,175	5,075	5,095	82,495	41,170	41,320
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,535	1,580	950	20,165	10,705	9,455
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,000	1,600	1,400	18,560	8,545	10,015
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,640	1,900	2,740	43,770	21,920	21,855
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,010	680	330	17,970	11,390	6,580
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	470	255	215	13,095	7,500	5,595
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	540	425	115	4,880	3,895	985
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,205	760	1,445	14,680	5,915	8,765
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	375	115	260	2,230	835	1,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,055	355	700	8,885	3,785	5,105
Bachelor's degree	780	225	555	6,500	2,685	3,815
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	25	80	680	250	430
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	45	20	300	190	115
Master's degree	105	50	50	1,245	580	670
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	155	80	75
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,195	3,025	3,170	54,130	26,965	27,165
No certificate, diploma or degree	855	605	250	9,340	5,345	4,000
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,915	1,055	865	10,915	5,015	5,900
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,425	1,370	2,055	33,870	16,610	17,260
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	685	450	240	14,200	8,700	5,500
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	340	170	170	10,550	5,865	4,685
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	340	275	70	3,655	2,830	820
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,660	580	1,085	11,055	4,420	6,640
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	70	160	1,365	525	840
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	850	280	575	7,245	2,965	4,280
Bachelor's degree	625	180	450	5,380	2,200	3,180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	20	60	475	140	335
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	40	20	250	145	105
Master's degree	80	30	50	1,010	425	580
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	130	50	70
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,175	5,080	5,100	82,495	41,170	41,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,535	3,175	2,360	38,725	19,250	19,475
Education	550	85	465	3,475	765	2,705
13. Education	550	90	465	3,475	765	2,700
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	35	25	1,210	575	635
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	240	185	50
50. Visual and performing arts	45	25	20	970	385	580
Humanities	180	80	100	1,880	855	1,025
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	170	45	120
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	50	10	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	15	40	1,115	515	600
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	70	45	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	35	30	150	95	55
54. History	15	20	0	100	70	30
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	235	80	160
Social and behavioural sciences and law	250	55	195	2,950	630	2,320
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	255	80	175
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	120	0	115	1,180	105	1,080
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	40	420	100	320
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	0	135	20	120
42. Psychology	30	10	25	510	85	425
45. Social sciences	35	35	0	420	240	175
Business, management and public administration	730	165	560	9,245	2,770	6,475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	0	80	370	65	300
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	645	165	480	8,865	2,690	6,170
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	15	760	440	330
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	230	85	145
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	135	95	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	130	65	65
40. Physical sciences	15	0	0	215	170	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	50	25	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	25	50	1,035	705	335
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	15	40	905	650	260
25. Library science	10	0	15	80	25	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	10	0	35	15	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	880	865	20	12,105	11,385	725
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	160	115	45
14. Engineering	15	15	0	915	820	90
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	165	150	10	2,280	1,995	285
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	225	225	0	2,925	2,830	95
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	380	375	0	2,805	2,760	40
48. Precision production	90	90	0	3,040	2,870	170
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	460	345	115	1,500	925	570
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	425	320	100	1,270	740	525
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	25	15	230	185	45
Health and related fields	1,100	120	980	5,460	1,000	4,455
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	10	20	285	160	120
51. Health professions and related programs	1,060	105	960	5,115	800	4,310
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	55	35	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	325	110	215	4,115	1,855	2,260
12. Personal and culinary services	240	40	205	2,495	465	2,030
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	585	450	130
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	40	0	1,025	925	100
Other	0	0	0	20	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,195	3,025	3,170	54,130	26,965	27,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,770	1,655	1,110	20,260	10,355	9,905
Education	300	55	245	2,290	515	1,780
13. Education	300	55	240	2,290	515	1,780
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	50	30	25	915	455	465
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0	190	155	30
50. Visual and performing arts	35	15	20	725	295	430
Humanities	130	45	85	1,195	555	640
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	125	20	100
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	10	40	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45	10	35	670	340	335
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	10	40	30	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	20	25	95	55	45
54. History	10	10	0	80	50	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	145	50	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	50	170	2,405	450	1,955
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	200	50	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	95	0	100	1,045	80	965
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	45	340	85	255
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	0	105	10	100
42. Psychology	30	10	20	390	60	330
45. Social sciences	30	30	0	290	170	125
Business, management and public administration	565	135	425	7,475	2,050	5,420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	10	65	300	40	260
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	495	130	360	7,165	2,010	5,160
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	15	500	275	230
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	15	0	190	65	125
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	90	60	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	15	20
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	165	120	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	15	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	20	50	910	610	300
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	50	15	40	820	580	235
25. Library science	15	0	15	65	15	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	25	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	585	570	15	9,320	8,680	640
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	130	95	35
14. Engineering	10	15	0	760	680	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	110	105	0	1,860	1,585	275
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	155	155	0	2,075	2,010	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	245	240	0	2,190	2,145	45
48. Precision production	60	60	0	2,310	2,165	150
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	365	255	105	1,275	765	510
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	340	245	90	1,075	610	460
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	15	200	150	45
Health and related fields	840	95	740	4,240	795	3,450
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	15	230	140	90
51. Health professions and related programs	810	90	730	3,965	620	3,345
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	45	30	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	270	90	180	3,325	1,450	1,875
12. Personal and culinary services	200	35	170	1,940	270	1,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	40	25	15	490	365	125
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	30	0	885	805	85
Other	0	0	0	20	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	10	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,175	5,080	5,095	82,495	41,170	41,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,535	3,180	2,355	38,730	19,255	19,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,640	1,900	2,740	43,765	21,920	21,850
Location of study inside Canada	4,295	1,750	2,540	43,010	21,475	21,530
Same as province or territory of residence	3,720	1,470	2,250	42,555	21,235	21,325
Different than province or territory of residence	575	285	290	455	245	205
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	345	145	200	765	440	320
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	125	55	70	100	70	35
Philippines	55	25	35	0	0	10
India	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	65	40	30	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	50	30	20
France	0	0	0	225	140	85
Other	80	25	55	385	200	180
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,195	3,025	3,170	54,130	26,965	27,165
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,770	1,660	1,115	20,255	10,355	9,905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,425	1,365	2,055	33,870	16,610	17,260
Location of study inside Canada	3,155	1,255	1,895	33,250	16,275	16,975
Same as province or territory of residence	2,710	1,070	1,645	32,935	16,115	16,825
Different than province or territory of residence	450	195	255	315	165	150
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	265	110	160	620	330	290
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	80	35	50	60	30	25
Philippines	55	20	40	0	0	0
India	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	25	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	45	25	20
France	0	0	0	175	100	70
Other	80	20	55	340	165	165
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	10,175	5,075	5,095	82,495	41,170	41,320
In the labour force	6,835	3,605	3,230	52,925	28,115	24,810
Employed	6,490	3,420	3,075	49,320	25,980	23,340
Unemployed	340	190	155	3,605	2,130	1,470
Not in the labour force	3,340	1,470	1,865	29,570	13,060	16,510
Participation rate	67.2	71.0	63.4	64.2	68.3	60.0
Employment rate	63.8	67.4	60.4	59.8	63.1	56.5
Unemployment rate	5.0	5.3	4.8	6.8	7.6	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	10,175	5,080	5,095	82,495	41,170	41,325
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,800	1,180	1,620	27,735	12,085	15,650
Worked	7,375	3,900	3,475	54,765	29,085	25,675
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,800	2,355	1,440	26,350	15,060	11,290
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,575	1,540	2,030	28,410	14,030	14,380
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.5	42.2	43.0	43.2	42.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	6,830	3,605	3,230	52,925	28,110	24,810
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	30	10	1,180	555	625
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	6,790	3,575	3,215	51,745	27,555	24,190
Employee	5,050	2,445	2,610	45,890	24,045	21,845
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,735	1,130	605	5,855	3,510	2,345
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	6,830	3,600	3,225	52,925	28,115	24,810
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	30	10	1,180	560	625
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	6,790	3,570	3,215	51,745	27,555	24,190
0 Management occupations	1,425	1,035	390	4,825	3,120	1,710
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	780	140	640	6,755	1,965	4,790
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	180	115	65	2,495	1,905	585
3 Health occupations	535	70	465	3,300	525	2,770
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	685	160	530	5,430	1,280	4,150
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	80	20	65	1,045	485	560
6 Sales and service occupations	1,175	420	750	11,830	4,685	7,145
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,030	945	80	9,850	9,230	625
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	785	575	205	1,255	850	405
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	115	100	15	4,950	3,500	1,455
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	6,835	3,605	3,225	52,925	28,110	24,810
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	30	10	1,180	560	625
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	6,790	3,575	3,215	51,745	27,555	24,190
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,755	1,255	500	2,105	1,375	735
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	210	185	25	130	100	30
22 Utilities	50	40	10	195	160	35
23 Construction	450	385	65	3,555	3,155	405
31-33 Manufacturing	205	150	55	10,855	7,825	3,035
41 Wholesale trade	310	255	55	2,550	1,750	800
44-45 Retail trade	605	270	335	6,565	2,880	3,685
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	195	135	65	2,530	1,995	535
51 Information and cultural industries	45	20	25	420	270	150
52 Finance and insurance	240	60	175	1,265	395	870
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	15	410	245	170
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	220	80	135	2,150	1,135	1,015
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	115	65	50	1,475	875	595
61 Educational services	510	125	390	3,270	830	2,440
62 Health care and social assistance	890	85	805	5,795	840	4,960
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	55	35	675	380	295
72 Accommodation and food services	305	80	220	3,600	1,140	2,460
81 Other services (except public administration)	270	150	120	2,385	1,255	1,125
91 Public administration	310	170	140	1,810	955	850
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	6,490	3,415	3,075	49,325	25,980	23,340
Worked at home	1,605	995	610	3,225	1,650	1,575
Worked outside Canada	10	10	10	55	45	10
No fixed workplace address	790	610	185	3,760	2,975	780
Worked at usual place	4,080	1,805	2,275	42,290	21,310	20,980
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,080	1,805	2,275	42,285	21,310	20,980
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,080	900	1,180	26,455	12,820	13,630
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,340	590	745	9,565	5,015	4,550
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	595	270	320	6,235	3,445	2,790
Commute to a different province or territory	70	40	35	35	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,875	2,415	2,460	46,045	24,290	21,760
Car, truck, van - as a driver	4,020	2,015	2,000	41,300	21,950	19,350
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	240	115	125	1,570	710	860
Public transit	10	0	0	390	125	265
Walked	480	205	275	1,975	1,000	975
Bicycle	70	55	15	435	315	115
Other method	55	20	35	380	190	190
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,875	2,415	2,455	46,045	24,285	21,765
Less than 15 minutes	2,750	1,320	1,430	22,435	11,525	10,915
15 to 29 minutes	1,150	485	665	15,630	8,055	7,580
30 to 44 minutes	480	310	170	4,045	2,160	1,885
45 to 59 minutes	250	145	105	1,960	1,160	800
60 minutes and over	245	150	90	1,975	1,390	590
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,875	2,415	2,455	46,045	24,285	21,760
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	180	120	65	2,565	2,005	555
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	800	465	330	8,995	6,105	2,895
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,665	1,040	625	15,840	7,980	7,860
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,450	515	935	7,795	2,675	5,120
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	320	110	210	3,405	1,120	2,280
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	465	175	290	7,450	4,400	3,055
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	7,550	3,990	3,560	56,125	29,805	26,320
Single responses	7,535	3,975	3,555	55,095	29,165	25,925
Official languages	7,525	3,975	3,545	55,040	29,155	25,880
English	7,525	3,970	3,550	875	555	320
French	0	0	0	54,160	28,600	25,560
Non-official languages	10	0	0	55	10	45
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	55	10	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	25	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	30	0	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	15	0	1,030	640	395
English and French	15	15	0	955	600	350
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	7,550	3,990	3,560	56,125	29,805	26,320
None	7,510	3,970	3,540	48,245	25,185	23,060
English	0	0	0	7,030	4,140	2,885
French	15	10	10	640	385	255
Non-official language	25	10	10	155	75	80
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	25	10	10	155	75	80
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	20	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	12,200	6,115	6,085	99,020	49,780	49,240
Non-movers	10,960	5,550	5,410	86,050	43,355	42,695
Movers	1,240	570	675	12,965	6,430	6,540
Non-migrants	675	350	325	8,100	4,010	4,090
Migrants	565	215	350	4,870	2,415	2,455
Internal migrants	510	205	305	4,600	2,280	2,315
Intraprovincial migrants	365	160	210	4,535	2,255	2,280
Interprovincial migrants	140	45	95	65	30	40
External migrants	60	10	45	270	135	140
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	11,645	5,835	5,805	94,395	47,420	46,980
Non-movers	8,075	4,080	3,995	59,695	30,125	29,575
Movers	3,565	1,755	1,810	34,695	17,290	17,405
Non-migrants	1,505	800	710	20,985	10,460	10,525
Migrants	2,060	960	1,105	13,720	6,840	6,880
Internal migrants	1,890	880	1,005	13,085	6,575	6,505
Intraprovincial migrants	1,380	645	735	12,845	6,445	6,400
Interprovincial migrants	510	240	275	245	135	105
External migrants	175	75	95	630	260	370

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 5, CDR [Census division], Manitoba and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 7, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 5, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Drummond [Federal electoral district], Quebec