Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brandon, CY Manitoba [Census subdivision]			Bracebridge Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	48,859	...	...	9,232	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	46,061	...	...	9,030^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.1	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	21,485	...	...	4,234	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	20,270	...	...	4,062	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	631.2	...	...	689.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	77.41	...	...	13.39	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	48,860	23,530	25,330	9,230	4,280	4,955
0 to 14 years	9,270	4,740	4,535	1,240	615	625
0 to 4 years	3,245	1,685	1,560	385	200	180
5 to 9 years	3,125	1,580	1,545	440	200	240
10 to 14 years	2,900	1,465	1,435	420	215	205
15 to 64 years	32,055	15,680	16,370	5,455	2,625	2,830
15 to 19 years	2,920	1,450	1,470	470	235	230
20 to 24 years	3,665	1,750	1,910	490	240	250
25 to 29 years	3,845	1,865	1,980	485	245	240
30 to 34 years	3,765	1,885	1,875	495	245	250
35 to 39 years	3,535	1,755	1,785	455	225	235
40 to 44 years	3,235	1,620	1,615	425	215	205
45 to 49 years	2,705	1,355	1,350	515	245	265
50 to 54 years	2,995	1,415	1,585	675	320	360
55 to 59 years	2,875	1,375	1,500	700	315	385
60 to 64 years	2,515	1,220	1,295	745	350	395
65 years and over	7,535	3,110	4,425	2,535	1,035	1,500
65 to 69 years	2,240	995	1,240	655	300	350
70 to 74 years	1,565	685	885	560	235	320
75 to 79 years	1,300	555	740	455	190	270
80 to 84 years	1,035	425	610	380	165	215
85 years and over	1,395	445	950	485	145	340
85 to 89 years	800	285	515	280	110	175
90 to 94 years	415	115	305	155	30	120
95 to 99 years	160	45	115	35	5	35
100 years and over	20	5	20	5	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	20.1	17.9	13.4	14.4	12.6
15 to 64 years	65.6	66.6	64.6	59.1	61.3	57.1
65 years and over	15.4	13.2	17.5	27.5	24.2	30.3
85 years and over	2.9	1.9	3.8	5.3	3.4	6.9
Average age of the population	38.6	37.2	39.8	47.1	45.1	48.9
Median age of the population	36.3	35.2	37.4	50.4	47.4	52.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
Single-detached house	10,725	...	...	2,455	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	700	...	...	105	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	7,670	...	...	1,500	...	...
Semi-detached house	900	...	...	200	...	...
Row house	1,500	...	...	345	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	610	...	...	185	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,625	...	...	680	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	90	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,175	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	20,270	...	...	4,065	...	...
1 person	6,270	...	...	1,350	...	...
2 persons	6,975	...	...	1,565	...	...
3 persons	3,015	...	...	495	...	...
4 persons	2,545	...	...	450	...	...
5 or more persons	1,470	...	...	200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	47,560	...	...	8,860	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	39,585	18,790	20,795	7,995	3,665	4,330
Married or living common law	22,100	11,090	11,010	4,435	2,215	2,220
Married	18,015	9,035	8,980	3,590	1,795	1,800
Living common law	4,085	2,055	2,030	840	420	420
Not married and not living common law	17,485	7,705	9,780	3,560	1,450	2,110
Never married	11,490	5,930	5,555	1,855	995	865
Separated	985	425	565	320	125	190
Divorced	2,470	900	1,580	585	200	390
Widowed	2,540	455	2,080	800	135	665
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	13,110	...	...	2,635	...	...
2 persons	6,785	...	...	1,595	...	...
3 persons	2,780	...	...	470	...	...
4 persons	2,455	...	...	415	...	...
5 or more persons	1,095	...	...	150	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	13,115	...	...	2,630	...	...
Total couple families	10,765	...	...	2,170	...	...
Married couples	8,720	...	...	1,750	...	...
Common-law couples	2,040	...	...	420	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,345	...	...	460	...	...
Female parent	1,915	...	...	380	...	...
Male parent	435	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	10,760	...	...	2,170	...	...
Couples without children	5,410	...	...	1,315	...	...
Couples with children	5,355	...	...	860	...	...
1 child	2,155	...	...	330	...	...
2 children	2,225	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	975	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,350	...	...	460	...	...
1 child	1,375	...	...	280	...	...
2 children	625	...	...	140	...	...
3 or more children	350	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,965	4,685	5,280	1,795	750	1,050
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	20,270	...	...	4,065	...	...
One-census-family households	12,525	...	...	2,530	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,210	...	...	1,265	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	7,310	...	...	1,270	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	295	...	...	50	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,455	...	...	1,480	...	...
One-person households	6,270	...	...	1,350	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,185	...	...	130	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	47,940	23,170	24,770	9,015	4,210	4,805
English only	44,235	21,465	22,770	8,355	3,970	4,385
French only	15	5	10	0	0	0
English and French	2,525	1,135	1,390	650	235	410
Neither English nor French	1,165	565	605	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	47,940	23,170	24,770	9,015	4,210	4,805
English	46,115	22,300	23,820	8,915	4,170	4,745
French	580	275	300	85	35	55
English and French	125	65	60	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,115	535	585	15	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	640	305	330	90	30	55
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.0	0.7	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	47,940	23,175	24,770	9,010	4,210	4,805
Single responses	47,250	22,830	24,425	8,955	4,180	4,770
Official languages	39,100	18,755	20,345	8,605	4,030	4,570
English	38,480	18,470	20,010	8,505	3,995	4,505
French	620	290	335	100	40	60
Non-official languages	8,145	4,075	4,080	355	150	200
Aboriginal languages	235	90	145	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	175	65	110	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	85	30	60	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	25	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	85	30	55	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	75	30	50	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dakota	50	20	30	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,910	3,980	3,935	355	155	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	400	225	175	0	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bilen	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	360	200	160	0	0	0
Amharic	225	120	105	0	0	0
Arabic	85	50	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	50	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	20	30	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	375	180	195	10	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	15	15	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	310	150	160	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	80	35	40	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	40	35	0	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	25	20	0	0	5
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,995	2,515	2,475	260	115	150
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	915	420	495	45	20	25
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	0	5
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	910	415	495	50	25	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	5	5	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	5	5	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	85	30	55	20	10	5
Russian	175	85	90	5	0	0
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	620	290	325	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	770	375	395	140	50	85
Afrikaans	95	50	45	5	0	5
Danish	10	10	10	5	5	5
Dutch	80	35	40	30	10	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	565	275	285	95	35	60
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	5	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	1,025	570	455	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	985	550	435	15	10	10
Bengali	20	15	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	585	325	260	10	5	5
Hindi	60	35	25	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	200	110	90	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	105	50	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	5	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,250	1,135	1,115	45	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	15	15	0
Portuguese	25	15	15	15	5	15
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	2,175	1,095	1,075	10	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	155	75	80	20	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	135	70	70	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	100	45	55	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,550	780	770	25	15	10
Chinese languages	1,545	775	770	25	10	15
Cantonese	345	170	170	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,130	570	560	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	15	5	5	5
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	20	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	5	10	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	690	345	345	60	25	35
English and French	80	40	40	25	10	15
English and non-official language	545	265	280	30	10	20
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	47,940	23,170	24,770	9,015	4,210	4,805
Single responses	46,540	22,495	24,050	8,940	4,180	4,760
Official languages	41,170	19,750	21,420	8,885	4,150	4,735
English	41,010	19,675	21,335	8,875	4,145	4,730
French	155	75	80	15	5	10
Non-official languages	5,375	2,740	2,635	55	30	25
Aboriginal languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,340	2,725	2,620	55	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	290	150	140	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	265	135	130	0	0	0
Amharic	165	85	75	0	0	0
Arabic	55	25	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	190	100	95	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	80	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	80	35	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	65	30	40	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,090	1,585	1,505	25	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	410	210	195	5	5	5
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	405	210	195	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	5	0	5
Russian	130	60	65	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	260	140	115	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	75	65	10	5	0
Afrikaans	55	25	30	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	80	45	40	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	765	415	350	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	750	410	340	5	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	5
Gujarati	475	265	210	5	0	0
Hindi	35	25	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	75	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	80	40	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,770	880	895	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,760	875	890	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	55	65	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	15	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,390	715	680	15	10	5
Chinese languages	1,390	715	675	15	10	5
Cantonese	310	155	150	15	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,025	525	495	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	30	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	5	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,400	680	715	75	30	45
English and French	50	30	25	5	0	5
English and non-official language	1,295	625	670	70	30	40
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	47,940	23,170	24,770	9,015	4,210	4,805
None	43,415	20,945	22,475	8,710	4,085	4,625
English	2,255	1,160	1,095	30	15	15
French	435	175	260	115	45	75
Non-official language	1,745	840	900	150	60	85
Aboriginal	210	80	130	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,535	765	770	150	60	90
English and French	20	10	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	25	20	5	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	38,305	18,305	20,000	7,625	3,550	4,070
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,965	17,650	19,315	7,495	3,485	4,015
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,701	43,730	30,853	32,888	38,667	28,907
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,970	17,655	19,320	7,495	3,480	4,015
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,166	37,564	27,613	29,778	34,524	26,744
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,250	16,700	17,550	6,820	3,205	3,615
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,126	41,825	26,946	28,966	35,909	23,590
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,540	11,775	15,765	5,715	2,475	3,240
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,111	1,526	5,293	8,518	8,248	8,905
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	29,100	14,690	14,415	5,305	2,640	2,670
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,924	41,765	28,494	27,520	30,443	24,341
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	38,305	18,305	20,000	7,690	3,580	4,110
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,910	17,635	19,270	7,555	3,490	4,065
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,006	53,462	37,267	42,212	48,305	36,981
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,930	17,645	19,285	7,555	3,490	4,065
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,598	42,298	31,382	36,084	40,740	32,086
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,190	16,725	17,455	6,890	3,200	3,695
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,017	52,076	34,338	38,444	45,901	31,993
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,455	11,780	15,675	5,700	2,480	3,225
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,946	6,105	7,578	9,466	8,817	9,965
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,100	14,700	14,400	5,395	2,630	2,765
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,558	50,926	34,015	35,416	39,585	31,450
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	38,310	18,305	20,000	7,690	3,575	4,110
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	14,120	7,990	6,130	2,440	1,315	1,125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,296	54,486	42,935	46,113	50,948	41,621
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,033	64,911	49,059	52,759	55,852	49,153
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.4	92.4	83.3	83.4	86.9	79.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.8	79.4	68.9	61.1	63.8	58.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.6	7.6	16.7	16.6	13.0	20.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	38,305	18,305	20,000	7,625	3,550	4,070
Without total income	1,345	655	685	130	70	60
With total income	36,965	17,655	19,310	7,495	3,480	4,015
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.6	98.3	98.0	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,165	1,720	2,440	925	385	540
$10,000 to $19,999	5,575	1,985	3,590	1,290	510	780
$20,000 to $29,999	5,365	1,975	3,385	1,255	495	760
$30,000 to $39,999	5,185	2,250	2,930	975	410	575
$40,000 to $49,999	4,835	2,345	2,490	825	370	460
$50,000 to $59,999	3,310	1,885	1,425	630	375	255
$60,000 to $69,999	2,340	1,425	915	440	255	190
$70,000 to $79,999	1,800	1,125	675	300	170	135
$80,000 to $89,999	1,410	825	585	240	130	110
$90,000 to $99,999	860	550	315	190	110	80
$100,000 and over	2,130	1,570	560	415	275	140
$100,000 to $149,999	1,510	1,100	410	295	190	110
$150,000 and over	615	475	150	120	85	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	38,305	18,310	20,000	7,625	3,555	4,070
Without after-tax income	1,335	650	685	130	75	55
With after-tax income	36,975	17,655	19,315	7,495	3,480	4,015
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.4	96.6	98.3	97.9	98.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,335	1,750	2,585	975	390	585
$10,000 to $19,999	6,070	2,200	3,870	1,355	545	810
$20,000 to $29,999	6,635	2,545	4,080	1,445	565	880
$30,000 to $39,999	6,675	3,080	3,595	1,140	500	645
$40,000 to $49,999	4,890	2,720	2,165	910	495	420
$50,000 to $59,999	3,135	1,930	1,205	585	330	255
$60,000 to $69,999	2,225	1,325	900	360	195	165
$70,000 to $79,999	1,200	745	460	280	170	105
$80,000 and over	1,810	1,350	460	440	295	150
$80,000 to $89,999	655	475	185	165	100	65
$90,000 to $99,999	380	290	85	90	60	30
$100,000 and over	780	590	190	180	125	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	38,305	18,310	20,000	7,625	3,555	4,070
Without employment income	9,205	3,620	5,585	2,320	920	1,405
With employment income	29,100	14,685	14,415	5,305	2,635	2,665
Percentage with employment income	76.0	80.2	72.1	69.6	74.1	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,130	1,355	1,775	925	455	475
$5,000 to $9,999	2,185	845	1,345	500	210	285
$10,000 to $19,999	3,765	1,500	2,260	725	330	395
$20,000 to $29,999	3,615	1,500	2,120	685	320	365
$30,000 to $39,999	3,950	1,830	2,120	590	255	335
$40,000 to $49,999	3,425	1,780	1,640	505	240	260
$50,000 to $59,999	2,295	1,375	925	365	230	140
$60,000 to $69,999	1,770	1,150	620	250	145	105
$70,000 to $79,999	1,460	925	535	185	95	90
$80,000 and over	3,510	2,440	1,080	585	370	215
$80,000 to $89,999	1,175	695	475	160	90	70
$90,000 to $99,999	705	465	245	150	85	65
$100,000 and over	1,635	1,275	355	280	195	80
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	20,270	...	...	4,065	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,960	...	...	62,208	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,008	...	...	55,394	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,270	...	...	1,350	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,370	...	...	31,573	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,736	...	...	29,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	14,005	...	...	2,715	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,599	...	...	81,447	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,229	...	...	72,128	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,960	...	...	78,535	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,681	...	...	67,133	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,255	...	...	1,330	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,726	...	...	42,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,508	...	...	36,403	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	14,015	...	...	2,735	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	99,469	...	...	96,206	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,594	...	...	82,057	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	20,270	...	...	4,065	...	...
Under $5,000	245	...	...	50	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	315	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	545	...	...	110	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	755	...	...	160	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	930	...	...	255	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	850	...	...	195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	900	...	...	190	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,000	...	...	215	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	965	...	...	200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	965	...	...	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,630	...	...	355	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,615	...	...	280	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,410	...	...	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,345	...	...	270	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,185	...	...	225	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,610	...	...	1,020	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,130	...	...	395	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,390	...	...	235	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,335	...	...	235	...	...
$200,000 and over	750	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
Under $5,000	255	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	325	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	565	...	...	105	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	815	...	...	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,090	...	...	275	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,015	...	...	225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,185	...	...	235	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,195	...	...	250	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,160	...	...	225	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,080	...	...	220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,050	...	...	380	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,845	...	...	355	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,650	...	...	325	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,325	...	...	265	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,100	...	...	235	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,625	...	...	685	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,815	...	...	300	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	955	...	...	180	...	...
$150,000 and over	855	...	...	200	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	13,145	...	...	2,620	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,386	...	...	81,195	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,858	...	...	71,744	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,130	...	...	1,245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,231	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,423	...	...	70,144	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,370	...	...	870	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,862	...	...	103,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,294	...	...	89,651	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,220	...	...	440	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,864	...	...	51,008	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,715	...	...	47,296	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	13,195	...	...	2,630	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,244	...	...	95,788	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,175	...	...	81,563	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,140	...	...	1,185	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,175	...	...	96,555	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,042	...	...	80,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,395	...	...	910	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,478	...	...	114,251	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,474	...	...	97,657	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,205	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,063	...	...	59,788	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,753	...	...	53,491	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	8,840	4,155	4,685	1,650	680	970
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,384	36,634	30,704	30,208	31,403	29,856
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,528	31,774	27,528	28,096	28,640	27,819
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	8,735	4,060	4,675	1,640	690	950
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,231	44,009	36,949	40,730	39,873	41,351
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,591	35,870	31,611	35,327	34,451	35,962
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	47,560	23,035	24,525	8,855	4,160	4,695
In the bottom half of the distribution	26,625	12,380	14,240	4,650	2,120	2,530
In the bottom decile	5,340	2,410	2,925	745	385	360
In the second decile	5,070	2,115	2,955	1,085	450	635
In the third decile	5,330	2,540	2,785	980	425	560
In the fourth decile	5,385	2,590	2,795	960	440	520
In the fifth decile	5,495	2,725	2,775	880	420	455
In the top half of the distribution	20,935	10,655	10,285	4,205	2,045	2,160
In the sixth decile	5,090	2,585	2,505	970	460	510
In the seventh decile	4,860	2,510	2,350	890	430	460
In the eighth decile	4,400	2,200	2,200	935	455	480
In the ninth decile	3,890	1,985	1,905	805	395	410
In the top decile	2,700	1,380	1,320	610	300	305
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	47,565	23,040	24,525	8,860	4,160	4,695
0 to 17 years	10,930	5,545	5,380	1,485	735	745
0 to 5 years	3,855	2,005	1,850	460	235	225
18 to 64 years	30,045	14,670	15,375	5,135	2,465	2,670
65 years and over	6,590	2,820	3,770	2,240	960	1,280
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,500	3,290	4,205	1,270	585	680
0 to 17 years	2,560	1,265	1,295	305	170	135
0 to 5 years	1,010	500	510	110	65	45
18 to 64 years	4,155	1,805	2,350	695	335	360
65 years and over	785	220	565	265	75	190
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.8	14.3	17.1	14.3	14.1	14.5
0 to 17 years (%)	23.4	22.8	24.1	20.5	23.1	18.1
0 to 5 years (%)	26.2	24.9	27.6	23.9	27.7	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.8	12.3	15.3	13.5	13.6	13.5
65 years and over (%)	11.9	7.8	15.0	11.8	7.8	14.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,340	1,990	2,350	480	260	225
0 to 17 years	1,330	670	660	90	55	35
0 to 5 years	550	270	280	40	25	15
18 to 64 years	2,875	1,270	1,610	350	185	165
65 years and over	130	50	75	40	15	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.1	8.6	9.6	5.4	6.3	4.8
0 to 17 years (%)	12.2	12.1	12.3	6.1	7.5	4.7
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	13.5	15.1	8.7	10.6	6.7
18 to 64 years (%)	9.6	8.7	10.5	6.8	7.5	6.2
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.8	2.0	1.8	1.6	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	47,560	23,035	24,525	8,965	4,195	4,770
Official languages	46,405	22,465	23,935	8,955	4,185	4,770
English	46,395	22,470	23,925	8,960	4,190	4,770
French	2,515	1,115	1,405	660	195	465
Non-official languages	9,850	4,845	5,005	430	165	265
Aboriginal languages	450	180	270	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	320	120	200	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	175	60	115	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	15	0	15	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	55	25	30	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	35	70	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	155	65	90	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	145	65	80	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	15	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	25	25	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	90	30	60	0	0	0
Dakota	90	35	60	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,405	4,665	4,745	425	160	260
Afro-Asiatic languages	485	285	205	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Bilen	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	440	260	180	0	0	10
Amharic	270	170	105	0	0	0
Arabic	160	85	80	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	60	40	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	495	235	265	0	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	10	20	0	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	465	215	250	0	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	185	90	100	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	140	65	75	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	115	85	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	60	40	20	0	0	0
Tamil	40	30	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,040	2,970	3,070	325	125	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,030	450	585	55	25	30
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,030	445	580	55	25	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	120	50	70	15	0	10
Russian	340	150	190	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	740	325	410	10	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	995	475	520	165	60	100
Afrikaans	170	65	100	0	0	10
Danish	10	10	10	10	10	0
Dutch	145	60	85	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	675	345	330	135	45	90
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	20	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,255	690	565	20	20	10
Indo-Aryan languages	1,230	675	555	20	15	0
Bengali	35	30	10	10	0	10
Gujarati	655	355	300	0	0	0
Hindi	635	345	285	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	20	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	235	125	105	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	160	65	90	0	10	0
Iranian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,785	1,375	1,415	80	25	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	75	35	45	20	10	10
Portuguese	50	25	25	15	0	15
Romanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Spanish	2,665	1,320	1,345	55	15	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	110	55	55	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	255	150	100	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	40	25	10	0	0	0
Igbo	20	15	0	10	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	40	20	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	140	75	60	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	35	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	95	25	70	20	0	25
American Sign Language	50	10	45	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	15	25	20	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,710	845	860	35	10	25
Chinese languages	1,710	845	860	30	10	20
Cantonese	350	170	175	15	0	15
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,340	665	670	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	20	15	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	105	55	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0	10	0
Lao	10	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	10	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	20	10	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	10	15	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	47,560	23,035	24,520	8,965	4,195	4,770
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	42,210	20,375	21,835	8,805	4,105	4,695
Canadian citizens aged under 18	9,870	5,030	4,845	1,545	730	820
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	32,335	15,345	16,990	7,260	3,380	3,885
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,350	2,665	2,685	160	90	75
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	47,560	23,040	24,525	8,965	4,195	4,770
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	39,475	18,945	20,525	8,280	3,830	4,445
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,570	3,825	3,740	680	355	320
Before 1981	845	405	445	455	245	210
1981 to 1990	220	125	95	90	40	50
1991 to 2000	350	170	180	50	35	20
2001 to 2010	3,560	1,870	1,685	75	40	35
2001 to 2005	515	295	220	20	10	15
2006 to 2010	3,040	1,575	1,465	55	30	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,595	1,260	1,340	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	520	260	260	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,565	3,825	3,740	680	355	325
Under 5 years	665	345	320	105	60	45
5 to 14 years	1,450	730	715	155	90	65
15 to 24 years	1,290	635	655	165	80	90
25 to 44 years	3,775	1,905	1,870	225	120	110
45 years and over	385	205	180	30	15	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,570	3,825	3,740	680	355	325
Americas	2,305	1,130	1,180	110	45	60
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	405	230	180	0	0	0
El Salvador	910	485	425	0	0	0
Guyana	15	10	0	0	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	10	10	0
Mexico	85	35	50	10	10	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	10	20	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	215	90	125	70	25	45
Other places of birth in Americas	615	270	350	10	10	0
Europe	1,360	670	690	495	270	220
Bosnia and Herzegovina	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	0	15	10	0	0
Germany	190	120	70	60	35	30
Greece	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	35	15	20	15	10	0
Italy	30	0	25	15	10	0
Netherlands	115	55	65	15	10	10
Poland	65	25	40	20	10	10
Portugal	10	0	10	10	0	10
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	20	20	15	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	350	170	180	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	385	200	190	275	160	115
Other places of birth in Europe	75	35	40	55	30	25
Africa	875	490	385	15	0	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	10	10	10	0	0
Ethiopia	180	110	70	0	0	0
Kenya	20	15	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	145	75	65	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	125	50	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	375	210	165	0	0	0
Asia	3,010	1,535	1,470	45	25	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	15	10	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,300	650	650	20	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	10	0	10
India	870	485	390	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	85	45	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	95	45	50	0	0	0
Philippines	460	215	245	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	120	55	65	10	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	0	10	15	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,595	1,260	1,340	10	0	10
Americas	705	300	405	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	70	35	35	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	575	240	330	0	0	0
Europe	195	80	115	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	100	50	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	30	0	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	10	15	0	0	0
Africa	390	220	170	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	65	35	25	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	115	65	45	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	65	35	30	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	60	50	0	0	0
Asia	1,300	660	640	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	365	190	170	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	570	320	255	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	250	100	145	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	47,560	23,035	24,525	8,965	4,195	4,770
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,345	4,230	4,120	725	390	335
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,605	2,650	2,960	1,380	655	725
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	33,610	16,160	17,450	6,860	3,155	3,705
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	6,760	3,440	3,320	225	115	110
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,545	2,850	2,690	85	40	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,055	1,505	550	35	30	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,480	1,345	2,135	50	10	40
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	870	380	485	125	65	60
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	335	210	125	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	47,560	23,040	24,525	8,965	4,195	4,770
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,500	2,985	3,510	345	200	145
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,395	2,940	3,455	330	190	140
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,675	1,605	2,070	225	125	95
Métis	2,695	1,315	1,375	110	65	45
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	75	40	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	15	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	41,065	20,050	21,015	8,615	3,995	4,625
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	47,565	23,035	24,525	8,965	4,195	4,770
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,610	1,610	2,000	135	75	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	43,955	21,430	22,525	8,830	4,120	4,705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	47,560	23,040	24,525	8,965	4,195	4,770
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,615	1,195	1,420	50	15	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,495	1,155	1,345	50	15	35
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,010	915	1,095	35	10	20
Métis single ancestry	475	235	235	20	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	120	45	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	120	45	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,835	1,795	2,035	450	225	230
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,550	1,695	1,860	440	215	225
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,615	730	885	330	165	170
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,915	945	975	110	50	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	285	105	180	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	285	105	180	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	41,110	20,040	21,070	8,465	3,960	4,510
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	47,560	23,035	24,525	8,965	4,195	4,770
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	7,765	4,000	3,775	200	110	90
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,430	785	645	25	10	10
Chinese	1,785	875	910	35	10	20
Black	1,000	555	445	90	55	30
Filipino	520	235	285	10	10	10
Latin American	2,370	1,180	1,190	10	10	0
Arab	125	65	55	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	100	50	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Korean	135	75	60	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	70	30	40	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	175	110	65	20	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	39,795	19,040	20,750	8,765	4,085	4,680
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	47,560	23,035	24,520	8,965	4,195	4,770
North American Aboriginal origins	6,450	2,995	3,455	500	240	265
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,025	1,790	2,235	370	180	195
Inuit	30	20	10	0	0	0
Métis	2,795	1,325	1,470	135	60	70
Other North American origins	10,845	5,155	5,690	3,060	1,445	1,620
Acadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
American	290	135	155	110	40	65
Canadian	10,650	5,050	5,595	2,980	1,410	1,570
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	32,480	15,545	16,935	7,375	3,410	3,965
British Isles origins	22,210	10,570	11,640	6,180	2,840	3,335
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	13,585	6,510	7,075	3,990	1,825	2,165
Irish	8,210	3,710	4,505	2,400	1,115	1,285
Manx	25	10	15	0	0	10
Scottish	11,720	5,540	6,180	2,880	1,225	1,655
Welsh	855	465	395	225	100	125
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	745	385	360	230	105	120
French origins	4,665	2,050	2,615	1,050	525	525
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,670	2,055	2,610	1,050	525	525
Western European origins (except French origins)	9,015	4,345	4,670	1,655	740	915
Austrian	515	280	230	40	20	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,055	500	560	35	20	15
Dutch	1,755	800	950	485	220	270
Flemish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	6,360	3,050	3,315	1,135	500	635
Luxembourger	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	150	50	100	60	30	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,010	1,385	1,625	290	95	195
Danish	380	200	180	60	10	50
Finnish	140	80	65	60	10	45
Icelandic	720	300	420	15	0	15
Norwegian	1,030	435	600	70	35	30
Swedish	975	470	510	65	35	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	85	45	40	45	10	40
Eastern European origins	9,755	4,695	5,060	815	350	465
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Czech	135	85	50	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	75	35	45	35	15	20
Estonian	10	0	0	10	10	10
Hungarian	365	140	220	85	35	50
Latvian	50	30	25	10	0	15
Lithuanian	85	40	45	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	3,110	1,510	1,600	285	150	135
Romanian	220	115	115	15	0	10
Russian	1,065	450	620	75	15	60
Slovak	40	20	20	15	10	10
Ukrainian	6,755	3,330	3,420	355	170	185
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	10	10	0	10
Southern European origins	1,425	740	685	500	235	265
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	30	10	35	15	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	55	55	20	0	10
Italian	505	270	235	300	145	160
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	10	15	10	0
Maltese	25	15	10	15	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	200	105	95	80	35	45
Serbian	15	10	10	15	10	10
Sicilian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	15	10	0	0
Spanish	510	255	255	25	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	20	30	10	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	205	85	115	25	20	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	55	30	25	10	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	15	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	125	40	85	15	10	0
Caribbean origins	190	80	105	80	45	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	15	35	10	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jamaican	80	30	50	65	40	20
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	10	0	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	10	15	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,290	1,130	1,160	35	15	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	90	35	50	10	10	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	445	220	225	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hispanic	85	50	35	0	0	0
Honduran	420	190	220	0	0	0
Maya	60	30	25	10	0	0
Mexican	145	55	90	10	0	10
Nicaraguan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	930	475	450	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	125	80	45	0	0	0
African origins	1,210	645	570	75	25	50
Central and West African origins	210	120	95	15	10	10
Akan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	155	80	75	15	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	20	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	85	50	40	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	0	15	0	0	10
Libyan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	625	340	285	35	0	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	25	10	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	75	35	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	270	175	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	100	55	50	0	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
South African	90	35	55	30	10	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	45	30	20	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	290	145	150	25	15	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	275	135	140	25	20	10
Asian origins	4,480	2,340	2,140	135	65	70
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	290	170	115	50	25	25
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	55	30	20	0	0	10
Armenian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	15	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	10	20	20	10	0
Palestinian	25	25	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Syrian	20	15	10	20	10	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	25	15	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,450	795	655	20	15	10
Bangladeshi	10	10	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,250	690	560	10	10	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	115	50	65	10	0	0
Punjabi	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	25	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,760	1,380	1,385	65	25	35
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,980	980	1,005	45	20	25
Filipino	560	265	290	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Japanese	65	40	30	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	140	80	65	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	75	40	35	10	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	75	50	30	25	10	10
Australian	55	35	20	10	0	10
New Zealander	20	15	10	20	15	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
Owner	12,550	...	...	2,815	...	...
Renter	7,720	...	...	1,245	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
Condominium	2,225	...	...	445	...	...
Not condominium	18,050	...	...	3,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
No bedrooms	180	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,105	...	...	580	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,365	...	...	1,025	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,345	...	...	1,490	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	5,275	...	...	970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,900	...	...	990	...	...
5 rooms	3,370	...	...	550	...	...
6 rooms	2,895	...	...	605	...	...
7 rooms	2,690	...	...	620	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,420	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,835	...	...	4,035	...	...
More than 1 person per room	430	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
Suitable	19,275	...	...	3,950	...	...
Not suitable	995	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	20,270	...	...	4,065	...	...
1960 or before	5,450	...	...	890	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,560	...	...	1,080	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,300	...	...	850	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,785	...	...	440	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,075	...	...	255	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,520	...	...	350	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,585	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	20,270	...	...	4,065	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	19,095	...	...	3,800	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,170	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
1 household maintainer	12,360	...	...	2,415	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,400	...	...	1,580	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	500	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	20,270	...	...	4,060	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,415	...	...	90	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,770	...	...	495	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,930	...	...	430	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,275	...	...	680	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,360	...	...	810	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,345	...	...	730	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,555	...	...	610	...	...
85 years and over	630	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	20,245	...	...	4,055	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	16,220	...	...	2,830	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,025	...	...	1,215	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,585	...	...	1,135	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,540	...	...	2,815	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	64.2	...	...	53.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.2	...	...	20.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,054	...	...	1,059	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,114	...	...	1,160	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	264,781	...	...	285,093	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	281,173	...	...	316,522	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,720	...	...	1,245	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.0	...	...	22.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.6	...	...	52.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	808	...	...	968	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	854	...	...	1,049	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	38,305	18,310	20,000	7,690	3,580	4,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,535	3,925	3,615	1,295	685	615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,040	5,985	6,055	2,480	1,065	1,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,730	8,395	10,330	3,915	1,835	2,080
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,320	2,245	1,075	575	420	155
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,515	835	685	240	145	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,800	1,410	385	335	270	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,560	2,855	4,705	1,835	705	1,130
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	845	345	505	130	55	70
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,005	2,955	4,050	1,370	650	720
Bachelor's degree	4,985	1,955	3,025	985	460	520
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	525	175	350	90	45	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	265	185	80	30	25	10
Master's degree	925	440	490	235	100	135
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	300	205	100	40	25	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25,270	12,300	12,970	4,445	2,170	2,280
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,330	1,900	1,435	470	305	165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,525	3,910	3,615	1,385	640	740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,415	6,495	7,920	2,595	1,215	1,370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,260	1,565	705	345	270	75
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	980	530	450	135	105	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,285	1,035	255	205	165	40
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,810	2,295	3,515	1,250	505	740
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	610	275	340	55	40	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,725	2,355	3,370	945	405	540
Bachelor's degree	4,120	1,625	2,490	690	305	385
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	390	125	265	65	20	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	120	80	15	10	10
Master's degree	780	335	445	160	60	100
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	230	145	85	25	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	38,310	18,310	20,000	7,685	3,580	4,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,580	9,910	9,665	3,775	1,745	2,030
Education	1,975	550	1,430	275	85	190
13. Education	1,980	550	1,430	275	85	190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	420	225	200	125	55	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	90	15	35	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	315	130	180	90	25	65
Humanities	795	315	480	225	90	135
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	15	30	15	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	105	30	75	50	10	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	60	185	65	30	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	35	40	15	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	145	95	50	40	25	15
54. History	160	85	75	30	15	20
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,455	455	1,005	600	215	385
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	0	45	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	40	30	40	10	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	335	20	320	145	0	135
22. Legal professions and studies	205	75	130	100	25	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	10	0	10
42. Psychology	325	60	260	75	25	50
45. Social sciences	445	245	195	230	135	95
Business, management and public administration	3,460	1,095	2,370	735	250	475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	260	65	190	90	25	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,205	1,025	2,180	640	225	415
Physical and life sciences and technologies	600	325	270	105	55	50
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	250	115	135	55	15	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	50	45	20	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	205	145	60	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	415	260	145	55	30	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	290	225	65	35	30	10
25. Library science	40	10	35	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	30	45	15	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,605	3,360	245	675	655	20
04. Architecture and related services	80	35	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	385	325	60	70	70	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	600	525	75	150	135	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	975	965	15	235	235	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,260	1,230	30	165	160	10
48. Precision production	295	280	20	50	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	525	360	160	140	110	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	420	315	100	45	35	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	45	60	90	80	15
Health and related fields	4,040	810	3,225	725	160	565
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	155	80	75	95	60	30
51. Health professions and related programs	3,810	675	3,140	615	90	530
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	55	15	15	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,435	645	790	265	125	140
12. Personal and culinary services	950	220	725	125	35	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	290	245	50	120	70	45
49. Transportation and materials moving	180	165	10	20	20	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25,270	12,295	12,970	4,445	2,165	2,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	10,855	5,810	5,045	1,860	950	910
Education	1,370	395	975	175	50	120
13. Education	1,370	395	975	170	55	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	315	170	145	75	30	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	65	10	20	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	240	105	130	55	15	45
Humanities	590	240	345	155	60	90
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	25	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	80	25	55	35	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	190	45	140	45	25	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	30	20	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	55	35	35	20	10
54. History	120	75	50	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,220	390	830	425	155	265
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	45	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	65	35	30	25	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	315	15	295	110	10	100
22. Legal professions and studies	170	75	100	95	30	65
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	10	10	0
42. Psychology	240	45	200	45	10	30
45. Social sciences	355	210	145	135	95	45
Business, management and public administration	2,775	920	1,855	440	145	300
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	40	160	65	15	45
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,580	880	1,695	385	130	255
Physical and life sciences and technologies	485	255	220	75	40	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	95	110	45	15	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	45	35	25	20	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	165	110	60	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	10	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	370	250	120	40	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	260	205	50	30	25	10
25. Library science	30	10	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	30	40	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,670	2,460	210	445	430	15
04. Architecture and related services	75	40	35	10	0	10
14. Engineering	315	260	55	40	45	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	425	360	65	90	85	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	700	685	15	150	155	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	945	915	25	120	115	10
48. Precision production	215	205	15	40	40	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	430	280	150	105	80	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	335	235	95	35	25	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	45	55	70	55	15
Health and related fields	3,110	605	2,505	460	100	360
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	125	65	60	65	35	30
51. Health professions and related programs	2,930	505	2,430	390	60	330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	35	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,090	525	565	205	100	105
12. Personal and culinary services	700	180	520	100	35	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	235	200	35	85	50	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	130	10	15	15	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	38,305	18,305	20,000	7,685	3,580	4,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,575	9,910	9,665	3,775	1,745	2,030
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	18,730	8,400	10,330	3,915	1,835	2,075
Location of study inside Canada	16,045	7,005	9,040	3,640	1,685	1,950
Same as province or territory of residence	13,610	5,775	7,835	3,480	1,610	1,865
Different than province or territory of residence	2,435	1,230	1,205	160	75	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,685	1,390	1,295	275	150	125
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	400	200	205	80	40	40
Philippines	275	110	165	0	10	0
India	500	250	250	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	120	75	45	85	60	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	230	125	105	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other	1,155	635	525	105	45	60
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25,270	12,300	12,970	4,450	2,165	2,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,860	5,810	5,050	1,855	950	905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,415	6,490	7,920	2,590	1,220	1,375
Location of study inside Canada	12,060	5,285	6,775	2,430	1,140	1,290
Same as province or territory of residence	10,190	4,315	5,875	2,310	1,080	1,235
Different than province or territory of residence	1,870	970	900	115	60	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,350	1,210	1,145	160	75	85
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	295	130	165	55	25	30
Philippines	260	110	150	0	0	0
India	470	230	235	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	70	40	25	35	30	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	210	115	90	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	10	0	0
Other	1,045	575	470	60	20	45
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	38,310	18,305	20,000	7,685	3,580	4,110
In the labour force	26,775	13,625	13,150	4,680	2,310	2,375
Employed	24,815	12,620	12,195	4,325	2,120	2,205
Unemployed	1,960	1,000	955	355	190	165
Not in the labour force	11,530	4,680	6,850	3,005	1,265	1,740
Participation rate	69.9	74.4	65.8	60.9	64.5	57.8
Employment rate	64.8	68.9	61.0	56.3	59.2	53.6
Unemployment rate	7.3	7.3	7.3	7.6	8.2	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	38,310	18,310	20,000	7,685	3,575	4,110
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,575	4,230	6,350	2,680	1,100	1,580
Worked	27,730	14,080	13,650	5,010	2,480	2,530
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	14,325	8,095	6,235	2,560	1,405	1,150
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	13,405	5,990	7,415	2,455	1,080	1,380
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.9	42.1	42.0	42.5	41.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	26,775	13,625	13,150	4,680	2,305	2,375
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	505	195	305	90	25	65
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	26,275	13,430	12,845	4,590	2,280	2,305
Employee	24,410	12,290	12,120	4,070	1,940	2,130
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,865	1,140	725	520	345	175
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	26,775	13,625	13,150	4,685	2,305	2,370
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	500	195	305	90	25	65
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	26,275	13,430	12,845	4,590	2,285	2,310
0 Management occupations	2,250	1,365	885	535	320	210
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,360	920	2,435	540	165	375
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	950	730	220	200	170	30
3 Health occupations	2,575	510	2,065	360	60	295
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,425	1,130	2,300	570	165	400
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	335	135	195	115	30	85
6 Sales and service occupations	6,815	2,965	3,855	1,270	480	795
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,835	3,695	140	820	760	65
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	510	410	95	90	70	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,230	1,565	665	90	65	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	26,775	13,625	13,150	4,680	2,310	2,375
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	505	195	305	90	25	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	26,275	13,430	12,845	4,590	2,285	2,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	425	315	110	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	145	130	15	10	0	10
22 Utilities	235	170	65	35	35	0
23 Construction	1,865	1,645	220	610	550	60
31-33 Manufacturing	3,045	2,145	895	185	145	40
41 Wholesale trade	710	550	160	95	65	30
44-45 Retail trade	3,525	1,780	1,745	740	285	450
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	920	805	115	170	115	60
51 Information and cultural industries	475	250	225	95	40	55
52 Finance and insurance	755	325	430	90	35	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	345	195	150	125	75	50
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	790	340	450	180	75	100
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	895	530	365	235	160	70
61 Educational services	2,050	605	1,450	300	70	230
62 Health care and social assistance	4,490	830	3,660	590	90	495
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	380	185	195	145	90	55
72 Accommodation and food services	2,285	980	1,305	445	170	270
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,155	565	595	135	65	75
91 Public administration	1,770	1,095	685	405	200	205
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	24,815	12,620	12,195	4,325	2,125	2,205
Worked at home	825	380	445	275	140	130
Worked outside Canada	40	25	20	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,530	1,905	630	655	470	190
Worked at usual place	21,420	10,315	11,110	3,385	1,505	1,880
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	21,415	10,310	11,110	3,385	1,510	1,880
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,475	9,070	10,410	2,330	945	1,385
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,045	690	360	775	400	380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	740	470	275	260	160	100
Commute to a different province or territory	150	85	65	15	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	23,950	12,215	11,735	4,040	1,975	2,065
Car, truck, van - as a driver	18,890	10,030	8,855	3,245	1,630	1,615
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,800	690	1,110	380	150	230
Public transit	1,130	485	645	10	0	10
Walked	1,640	700	935	340	130	205
Bicycle	245	165	80	30	30	0
Other method	245	135	110	45	30	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	23,950	12,215	11,735	4,045	1,975	2,065
Less than 15 minutes	15,175	7,075	8,100	2,130	870	1,265
15 to 29 minutes	6,205	3,485	2,720	980	505	475
30 to 44 minutes	1,550	905	650	585	360	230
45 to 59 minutes	465	320	145	180	125	55
60 minutes and over	550	435	120	160	115	45
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	23,950	12,215	11,735	4,040	1,980	2,070
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,180	895	285	200	145	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,610	2,125	1,490	570	370	200
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,785	3,915	2,865	1,215	650	565
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,670	2,155	3,510	1,095	405	690
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,205	905	1,300	395	165	230
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,505	2,215	2,290	570	245	325
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	28,560	14,395	14,155	5,135	2,550	2,585
Single responses	28,315	14,265	14,050	5,115	2,540	2,570
Official languages	28,040	14,130	13,905	5,105	2,535	2,575
English	27,975	14,115	13,860	5,095	2,535	2,565
French	65	10	50	10	0	10
Non-official languages	275	135	140	0	10	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	265	130	135	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	75	75	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	130	55	75	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	65	45	0	10	0
Chinese languages	105	60	40	10	10	0
Cantonese	50	25	25	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	30	20	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	240	130	110	20	10	15
English and French	65	25	35	15	10	10
English and non-official language	180	105	75	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	28,555	14,395	14,155	5,130	2,550	2,585
None	27,300	13,750	13,550	5,050	2,525	2,525
English	185	60	125	10	0	0
French	175	110	65	45	0	35
Non-official language	875	465	405	35	15	20
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	865	460	400	25	0	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	46,885	22,670	24,210	8,870	4,135	4,735
Non-movers	38,965	18,910	20,055	7,680	3,610	4,070
Movers	7,915	3,760	4,155	1,190	525	665
Non-migrants	5,175	2,495	2,675	575	255	325
Migrants	2,740	1,260	1,480	610	275	335
Internal migrants	2,260	1,040	1,225	590	270	325
Intraprovincial migrants	1,740	785	950	565	240	325
Interprovincial migrants	525	250	275	30	25	0
External migrants	475	225	255	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	44,350	21,370	22,985	8,565	3,985	4,580
Non-movers	23,100	11,180	11,920	5,250	2,445	2,810
Movers	21,250	10,185	11,065	3,320	1,545	1,775
Non-migrants	12,215	5,935	6,280	1,840	880	965
Migrants	9,035	4,250	4,785	1,480	665	815
Internal migrants	6,540	3,050	3,490	1,445	650	795
Intraprovincial migrants	4,775	2,110	2,665	1,380	605	775
Interprovincial migrants	1,765	940	830	65	45	15
External migrants	2,495	1,200	1,295	35	15	20

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brandon, CY [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Bracebridge [Population centre], Ontario