Census Profile, 2016 Census
Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Steinbach [Population centre], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Portage la Prairie, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]			Steinbach Manitoba [Population centre]
	Data quality , Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Steinbach [Population centre], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	6,975	...	...	14,753	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	6,525	...	...	12,798^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.9	...	...	15.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,502	...	...	5,925	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,195	...	...	5,666	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.6	...	...	1,033.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,961.97	...	...	14.28	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	6,975	3,535	3,445	14,760	7,065	7,690
0 to 14 years	1,535	815	720	3,205	1,650	1,560
0 to 4 years	510	265	245	1,240	620	615
5 to 9 years	520	275	245	1,080	590	490
10 to 14 years	510	275	230	885	435	450
15 to 64 years	4,460	2,200	2,255	9,095	4,410	4,680
15 to 19 years	510	275	235	900	420	480
20 to 24 years	355	185	170	1,155	575	585
25 to 29 years	385	190	190	1,110	560	555
30 to 34 years	435	210	225	1,085	540	545
35 to 39 years	395	185	210	930	435	495
40 to 44 years	425	205	220	855	420	435
45 to 49 years	390	185	200	795	380	420
50 to 54 years	515	255	255	825	395	435
55 to 59 years	570	275	290	740	360	385
60 to 64 years	490	230	255	695	330	360
65 years and over	980	510	465	2,460	1,010	1,450
65 to 69 years	385	210	175	625	265	360
70 to 74 years	260	140	115	515	230	285
75 to 79 years	195	100	100	450	200	250
80 to 84 years	75	40	35	395	155	240
85 years and over	65	30	35	470	160	310
85 to 89 years	45	20	25	260	95	165
90 to 94 years	20	5	15	155	50	105
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	50	15	35
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.0	23.1	20.9	21.7	23.4	20.3
15 to 64 years	63.9	62.2	65.5	61.6	62.4	60.9
65 years and over	14.1	14.4	13.5	16.7	14.3	18.9
85 years and over	0.9	0.8	1.0	3.2	2.3	4.0
Average age of the population	38.1	37.6	38.7	37.8	36.2	39.2
Median age of the population	38.4	37.5	39.2	34.6	33.1	36.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
Single-detached house	1,740	...	...	3,115	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	260	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	200	...	...	2,130	...	...
Semi-detached house	180	...	...	495	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	210	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	240	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10	...	...	1,175	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	255	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,195	...	...	5,670	...	...
1 person	450	...	...	1,485	...	...
2 persons	900	...	...	2,000	...	...
3 persons	320	...	...	755	...	...
4 persons	295	...	...	780	...	...
5 or more persons	235	...	...	645	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,685	...	...	14,470	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	5,440	2,715	2,720	11,550	5,420	6,130
Married or living common law	3,585	1,795	1,785	7,220	3,610	3,610
Married	3,180	1,590	1,585	6,670	3,335	3,335
Living common law	405	200	200	550	275	275
Not married and not living common law	1,860	925	930	4,330	1,805	2,520
Never married	1,350	735	610	2,835	1,415	1,415
Separated	95	50	45	280	110	170
Divorced	160	75	90	445	160	290
Widowed	250	60	185	765	120	640
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,725	...	...	4,025	...	...
2 persons	935	...	...	2,015	...	...
3 persons	305	...	...	725	...	...
4 persons	285	...	...	750	...	...
5 or more persons	205	...	...	545	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,725	...	...	4,025	...	...
Total couple families	1,520	...	...	3,535	...	...
Married couples	1,320	...	...	3,255	...	...
Common-law couples	205	...	...	275	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	205	...	...	495	...	...
Female parent	155	...	...	415	...	...
Male parent	50	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,525	...	...	3,535	...	...
Couples without children	810	...	...	1,730	...	...
Couples with children	715	...	...	1,800	...	...
1 child	260	...	...	585	...	...
2 children	260	...	...	695	...	...
3 or more children	190	...	...	520	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...	495	...	...
1 child	125	...	...	275	...	...
2 children	45	...	...	135	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	650	350	305	2,340	985	1,355
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
One-census-family households	1,685	...	...	3,890	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	790	...	...	1,675	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	895	...	...	2,215	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	70	...	...
Non-census-family households	490	...	...	1,705	...	...
One-person households	450	...	...	1,485	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	225	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	6,960	3,525	3,430	14,530	6,985	7,550
English only	6,475	3,295	3,175	13,705	6,620	7,085
French only	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and French	400	185	220	635	270	365
Neither English nor French	85	50	35	180	90	90
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	6,960	3,525	3,435	14,530	6,980	7,545
English	6,750	3,415	3,340	14,095	6,780	7,315
French	125	70	60	250	115	130
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	85	50	35	180	90	90
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	125	65	55	255	120	135
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	1.8	1.6	1.8	1.7	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	6,960	3,530	3,430	14,525	6,980	7,545
Single responses	6,870	3,485	3,385	14,190	6,825	7,365
Official languages	5,605	2,850	2,750	9,305	4,520	4,785
English	5,455	2,775	2,680	9,030	4,385	4,640
French	145	80	70	270	130	140
Non-official languages	1,265	635	630	4,890	2,305	2,585
Aboriginal languages	25	15	15	15	0	10
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	5	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	5	5	5	5
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	5	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,240	620	615	4,875	2,300	2,575
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	35	25	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	25	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	5	0	20	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	760	380	385
Bikol	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	45	15	25
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	680	340	340
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	15	15	5
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,215	610	610	3,925	1,815	2,110
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	20	360	170	185
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	20	355	170	185
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	10	5	5
Russian	10	5	5	230	120	110
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	15	105	40	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,155	575	585	3,335	1,535	1,800
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	15	5	45	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	5	0
German	1,135	560	575	3,280	1,510	1,775
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	100	55	40
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	95	55	40
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	15	5
Hindi	0	0	0	15	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	50	25	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	5	120	45	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	5	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	0	95	30	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	10	0	5
Lao	5	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	90	45	50	340	160	180
English and French	15	5	10	30	15	20
English and non-official language	75	30	40	300	145	160
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	6,960	3,525	3,435	14,525	6,985	7,545
Single responses	6,780	3,440	3,340	13,710	6,610	7,105
Official languages	5,855	2,990	2,860	11,985	5,750	6,235
English	5,825	2,975	2,845	11,915	5,720	6,195
French	35	15	20	65	30	40
Non-official languages	925	455	475	1,730	860	870
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	920	445	470	1,730	860	870
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	20	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	15	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	445	225	220
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	415	215	200
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	905	440	465	1,185	575	610
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	150	75	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	150	75	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	130	70	60
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	20	5	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	890	430	460	900	435	465
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	890	430	460	875	425	455
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	60	30	25
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	70	30	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	65	25	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Lao	0	5	0	5	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	90	95	815	370	440
English and French	5	0	0	20	5	10
English and non-official language	175	85	90	795	365	430
French and non-official language	5	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	6,960	3,530	3,430	14,525	6,980	7,545
None	6,215	3,165	3,045	11,880	5,730	6,150
English	500	235	260	920	460	465
French	90	40	50	160	60	100
Non-official language	150	80	70	1,530	715	820
Aboriginal	25	10	10	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	130	70	55	1,525	715	815
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,575	2,310	2,265	11,265	5,315	5,955
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,410	2,225	2,185	10,805	5,110	5,690
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,229	44,659	32,608	30,498	39,448	23,439
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,405	2,220	2,185	10,805	5,110	5,695
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,041	38,096	28,640	27,727	34,612	21,930
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,125	2,135	1,990	9,825	4,860	4,965
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,997	40,981	29,592	28,741	37,194	20,029
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,015	1,355	1,665	8,195	3,450	4,745
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,872	6,416	5,741	5,268	1,986	6,555
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,515	1,850	1,665	8,125	4,265	3,865
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,488	41,472	29,888	30,836	38,034	23,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,595	2,295	2,305	11,270	5,315	5,960
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,435	2,220	2,210	10,830	5,140	5,685
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,188	49,110	37,237	38,601	47,869	30,220
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,435	2,220	2,210	10,825	5,140	5,685
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,627	39,997	31,234	32,817	39,896	26,415
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,155	2,165	1,990	9,870	4,885	4,980
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,649	45,779	35,080	36,095	45,683	26,689
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,960	1,270	1,685	8,250	3,480	4,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,619	7,950	7,370	7,497	6,599	8,151
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,580	1,900	1,685	8,100	4,320	3,780
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,978	44,671	34,680	36,711	43,811	28,599
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,600	2,295	2,300	11,270	5,310	5,960
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,855	1,080	775	3,910	2,445	1,465
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,741	53,355	43,141	43,055	46,806	37,222
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,048	58,606	50,106	51,551	57,001	42,464
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.8	90.4	84.5	85.8	91.1	77.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.4	76.6	69.1	72.0	77.6	63.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.1	9.5	15.5	14.2	8.8	22.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,575	2,310	2,260	11,265	5,310	5,955
Without total income	170	90	80	465	205	260
With total income	4,405	2,220	2,185	10,805	5,110	5,690
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.1	96.7	95.9	96.2	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	510	215	300	1,375	415	960
$10,000 to $19,999	610	235	375	2,085	650	1,440
$20,000 to $29,999	610	280	330	1,870	740	1,130
$30,000 to $39,999	560	245	315	1,565	780	780
$40,000 to $49,999	585	285	305	1,275	730	545
$50,000 to $59,999	465	270	195	805	520	285
$60,000 to $69,999	325	205	125	585	405	180
$70,000 to $79,999	235	170	65	345	225	120
$80,000 to $89,999	165	100	60	325	210	120
$90,000 to $99,999	95	50	45	165	110	55
$100,000 and over	235	160	75	410	320	90
$100,000 to $149,999	180	125	55	260	200	65
$150,000 and over	55	40	15	145	120	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,570	2,305	2,265	11,270	5,310	5,955
Without after-tax income	165	85	80	460	200	260
With after-tax income	4,405	2,225	2,185	10,805	5,110	5,695
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.5	96.5	95.9	96.2	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	540	225	315	1,415	425	990
$10,000 to $19,999	665	265	395	2,235	710	1,525
$20,000 to $29,999	765	340	425	2,240	935	1,305
$30,000 to $39,999	745	345	395	1,860	1,020	840
$40,000 to $49,999	675	395	290	1,165	710	455
$50,000 to $59,999	420	275	145	755	510	250
$60,000 to $69,999	245	150	90	490	310	175
$70,000 to $79,999	160	90	65	265	190	75
$80,000 and over	195	140	60	380	300	80
$80,000 to $89,999	80	50	25	145	110	40
$90,000 to $99,999	45	35	10	50	40	5
$100,000 and over	70	50	20	190	155	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,575	2,310	2,265	11,265	5,310	5,960
Without employment income	1,055	460	595	3,145	1,050	2,095
With employment income	3,515	1,850	1,665	8,125	4,265	3,860
Percentage with employment income	76.8	80.1	73.5	72.1	80.3	64.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	410	200	205	950	350	600
$5,000 to $9,999	255	115	140	635	245	395
$10,000 to $19,999	440	190	250	1,145	440	705
$20,000 to $29,999	430	185	245	1,210	530	680
$30,000 to $39,999	440	200	235	1,290	685	605
$40,000 to $49,999	420	205	210	885	555	325
$50,000 to $59,999	330	205	125	610	435	175
$60,000 to $69,999	225	150	75	445	320	120
$70,000 to $79,999	180	130	50	280	195	80
$80,000 and over	390	260	125	690	510	180
$80,000 to $89,999	145	85	60	255	170	85
$90,000 to $99,999	75	45	30	115	75	40
$100,000 and over	170	130	45	320	260	55
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,852	...	...	59,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,455	...	...	53,577	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	450	...	...	1,485	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,363	...	...	28,807	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,645	...	...	26,784	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,745	...	...	4,180	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,266	...	...	72,719	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,306	...	...	64,474	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,233	...	...	73,780	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,960	...	...	62,724	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...	1,485	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,708	...	...	40,264	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,934	...	...	34,553	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,770	...	...	4,180	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,041	...	...	85,693	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,705	...	...	72,736	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
Under $5,000	25	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	160	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	240	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	65	...	...	325	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	250	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	80	...	...	310	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	280	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	100	...	...	330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	280	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	195	...	...	550	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	180	...	...	495	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	165	...	...	430	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	150	...	...	390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	160	...	...	360	...	...
$100,000 and over	740	...	...	1,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	315	...	...	485	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	180	...	...	265	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	150	...	...	250	...	...
$200,000 and over	90	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	30	...	...	165	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	55	...	...	250	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	70	...	...	365	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	295	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	345	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	110	...	...	375	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	130	...	...	355	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	130	...	...	345	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	225	...	...	635	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	205	...	...	560	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	225	...	...	475	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	190	...	...	395	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	150	...	...	245	...	...
$100,000 and over	455	...	...	760	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	235	...	...	380	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	115	...	...	185	...	...
$150,000 and over	100	...	...	200	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,720	...	...	4,050	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,027	...	...	72,064	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,117	...	...	63,686	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	775	...	...	1,655	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,050	...	...	65,613	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,376	...	...	58,336	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	720	...	...	1,800	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,878	...	...	86,215	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,752	...	...	74,685	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...	465	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,120	...	...	43,712	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,872	...	...	41,024	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,740	...	...	4,055	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,161	...	...	84,917	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,705	...	...	71,914	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	785	...	...	1,690	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,687	...	...	80,898	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,631	...	...	67,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	720	...	...	1,765	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,286	...	...	97,410	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,543	...	...	82,498	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,008	...	...	52,011	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,835	...	...	46,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	535	305	235	1,970	800	1,175
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,592	42,240	35,968	28,233	32,661	25,312
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,344	35,456	31,904	25,904	29,131	24,274
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	520	290	230	1,990	740	1,250
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,584	42,617	37,950	37,164	42,430	34,026
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,382	35,726	32,641	32,160	35,571	30,127
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,685	2,915	2,770	14,470	6,960	7,510
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,830	1,410	1,420	9,665	4,530	5,135
In the bottom decile	375	190	185	1,450	650	800
In the second decile	535	265	270	2,240	950	1,285
In the third decile	610	305	305	2,260	1,095	1,165
In the fourth decile	605	310	295	1,975	970	1,000
In the fifth decile	705	345	360	1,740	860	880
In the top half of the distribution	2,860	1,505	1,355	4,800	2,430	2,375
In the sixth decile	705	375	330	1,365	685	685
In the seventh decile	760	385	375	1,165	595	575
In the eighth decile	550	290	255	965	475	490
In the ninth decile	555	295	260	735	375	360
In the top decile	290	155	140	565	295	275
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,685	2,915	2,770	14,470	6,955	7,515
0 to 17 years	1,370	735	635	3,705	1,875	1,825
0 to 5 years	415	215	200	1,465	745	720
18 to 64 years	3,425	1,700	1,725	8,505	4,130	4,375
65 years and over	890	475	415	2,260	950	1,315
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	650	325	320	2,535	1,090	1,445
0 to 17 years	220	125	100	900	455	435
0 to 5 years	70	40	30	425	205	215
18 to 64 years	315	145	170	1,230	515	715
65 years and over	110	60	50	410	110	300
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.4	11.1	11.6	17.5	15.7	19.2
0 to 17 years (%)	16.1	17.0	15.7	24.3	24.3	23.8
0 to 5 years (%)	16.9	18.6	15.0	29.0	27.5	29.9
18 to 64 years (%)	9.2	8.5	9.9	14.5	12.5	16.3
65 years and over (%)	12.4	12.6	12.0	18.1	11.6	22.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	175	80	85	920	405	510
0 to 17 years	45	15	30	280	135	135
0 to 5 years	20	5	10	130	60	70
18 to 64 years	115	60	50	595	255	345
65 years and over	10	5	5	40	15	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	2.7	3.1	6.4	5.8	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	2.0	4.7	7.6	7.2	7.4
0 to 5 years (%)	4.8	2.3	5.0	8.9	8.1	9.7
18 to 64 years (%)	3.4	3.5	2.9	7.0	6.2	7.9
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.1	1.2	1.8	1.6	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,685	2,875	2,810	14,415	6,910	7,505
Official languages	5,685	2,875	2,810	14,295	6,850	7,450
English	5,685	2,875	2,805	14,295	6,850	7,450
French	420	215	200	615	250	360
Non-official languages	430	260	175	5,510	2,585	2,925
Aboriginal languages	45	25	25	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	35	15	15	10	0	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	15	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	10	0	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	385	235	150	5,500	2,590	2,915
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	25	10	10
Berber languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	30	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	30	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	870	430	440
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	805	390	415
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	15	0	30	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	345	210	140	4,410	2,055	2,350
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	25	465	230	230
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	40	20	25	460	230	230
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Russian	20	15	0	310	170	145
Serbian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	0	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	20	20	135	60	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	265	160	100	3,770	1,760	2,010
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	20	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	75	30	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	145	95	3,690	1,730	1,960
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swedish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	70	35	35
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	90	55	30
Indo-Aryan languages	15	15	0	90	60	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	50	35	10
Hindi	0	10	0	30	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Urdu	10	10	0	10	10	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	405	195	215
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	15	15	380	185	200
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	20	10	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	10	20	0	25
American Sign Language	10	10	10	10	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Chinese languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Lao	0	0	0	20	15	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,685	2,880	2,810	14,420	6,910	7,505
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,565	2,805	2,760	12,710	6,055	6,655
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,405	755	655	3,280	1,625	1,655
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,160	2,055	2,105	9,435	4,430	5,005
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	120	70	50	1,705	855	850
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,685	2,875	2,810	14,420	6,910	7,505
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	5,425	2,745	2,685	11,335	5,405	5,935
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	240	115	125	2,890	1,410	1,480
Before 1981	100	55	50	545	260	285
1981 to 1990	35	10	15	210	105	110
1991 to 2000	20	10	10	255	125	130
2001 to 2010	40	10	30	1,105	535	570
2001 to 2005	20	10	15	445	200	245
2006 to 2010	25	10	15	660	335	325
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	50	30	20	780	390	390
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	15	20	0	190	100	85
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	240	115	125	2,890	1,410	1,485
Under 5 years	25	15	0	445	250	195
5 to 14 years	65	25	35	805	390	415
15 to 24 years	60	30	30	470	215	255
25 to 44 years	80	35	45	1,025	495	535
45 years and over	15	10	10	150	60	90
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	240	115	125	2,895	1,410	1,480
Americas	80	30	45	1,010	435	570
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	0	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexico	25	25	0	295	135	165
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	10	35	145	40	110
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	510	255	255
Europe	120	55	70	625	310	315
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	10	0	0
Germany	45	25	15	275	140	140
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Netherlands	10	10	0	35	20	15
Poland	0	0	0	10	10	10
Portugal	0	10	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	10	0	0	100	65	35
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	10	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	35	10	20	115	55	60
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	15	35	10	20
Africa	10	10	0	110	60	45
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	40	25	20
Asia	30	20	0	1,135	585	550
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	60	30	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	0	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	805	405	405
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	35	20	20
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	170	95	80
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	45	30	20	775	385	390
Americas	15	0	10	70	30	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	15	0	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	10	0	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	10	30	15	10
Europe	10	0	0	100	60	35
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	10	45	30	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	15	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	0	10
Africa	10	10	0	25	15	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	15	10	0	580	280	290
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	15	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	445	210	235
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	50	25	25
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,685	2,875	2,810	14,420	6,910	7,510
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	275	140	140	3,265	1,630	1,635
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	605	330	270	2,315	1,130	1,180
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,805	2,405	2,405	8,840	4,150	4,685
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	145	65	80	2,405	1,165	1,235
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	75	50	25	1,705	910	795
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	20	10	525	380	145
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	50	25	20	1,180	535	645
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	65	15	45	545	185	360
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	10	135	65	75
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,685	2,875	2,810	14,415	6,910	7,505
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,165	520	645	1,015	475	540
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,135	510	625	1,005	475	535
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	250	100	145	415	200	215
Métis	875	400	475	585	265	320
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,525	2,360	2,165	13,400	6,435	6,965
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,685	2,875	2,810	14,415	6,910	7,505
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	220	85	135	330	175	155
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,465	2,795	2,670	14,085	6,735	7,350
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,685	2,875	2,810	14,420	6,910	7,510
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	245	125	125	265	130	135
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	245	120	125	265	130	135
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	80	35	45	185	85	100
Métis single ancestry	160	85	75	80	45	35
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	950	410	540	890	415	475
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	900	385	520	870	415	455
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	230	90	140	360	180	180
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	660	295	365	505	230	275
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	25	25	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	25	30	25	10	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,485	2,340	2,140	13,260	6,365	6,895
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,685	2,875	2,810	14,415	6,910	7,505
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	115	65	45	1,605	830	775
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	25	15	0	145	100	40
Chinese	0	0	0	65	30	30
Black	45	20	30	190	105	85
Filipino	0	0	0	895	425	465
Latin American	10	0	0	95	40	55
Arab	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	140	95	40
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	25	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	30	15	20
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	5,575	2,815	2,760	12,815	6,080	6,730
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,685	2,875	2,810	14,415	6,910	7,505
North American Aboriginal origins	1,200	535	665	1,155	550	610
First Nations (North American Indian)	360	150	215	570	270	300
Inuit	10	0	10	10	0	0
Métis	880	405	475	610	280	330
Other North American origins	1,770	880	890	4,020	1,875	2,140
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
American	55	25	30	55	40	15
Canadian	1,745	865	880	3,970	1,840	2,130
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	4,570	2,305	2,265	10,495	4,945	5,550
British Isles origins	3,065	1,570	1,495	2,500	1,150	1,345
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,835	965	875	1,440	615	820
Irish	1,285	640	645	945	425	515
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	1,725	830	895	920	430	485
Welsh	70	35	40	95	55	50
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	45	15	30	200	90	105
French origins	800	380	420	925	410	515
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	800	380	415	930	410	520
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,670	815	855	6,995	3,305	3,690
Austrian	130	75	45	90	50	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	80	50	35	80	50	35
Dutch	275	140	135	1,850	845	1,005
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,325	605	715	5,865	2,775	3,080
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	40	20	20	70	25	50
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	320	155	165	475	215	260
Danish	10	10	10	40	25	15
Finnish	10	10	0	25	10	20
Icelandic	105	55	55	110	65	45
Norwegian	95	30	65	105	45	60
Swedish	125	70	55	190	75	120
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Eastern European origins	1,050	530	515	4,070	1,895	2,175
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Czech	15	10	15	25	15	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	15	85	30	55
Latvian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	215	120	95	550	235	320
Romanian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Russian	325	185	140	2,450	1,145	1,300
Slovak	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ukrainian	630	325	310	1,475	695	775
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	180	85	90	285	130	150
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	30	20	125	35	85
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	20	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	100	40	55	115	65	50
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	35	30	0	120	60	60
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	30	25	0	65	20	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	65	40	20
Caribbean origins	55	20	35	70	35	40
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jamaican	15	10	10	55	20	35
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	45	25	20	845	390	455
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	15	10	10	370	165	210
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	375	175	200
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	20	10	20
African origins	55	50	10	175	90	75
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	45	25	25
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	10	15
North African origins	40	40	0	35	20	15
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	15	0	15	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	10	0	0	20	10	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	40	20	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	10	0	70	45	25
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	10	0	70	45	30
Asian origins	85	50	35	1,395	690	705
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	10	10	75	35	45
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lebanese	10	10	10	10	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	20	15	10
Turk	10	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	0	15
South Asian origins	30	20	10	160	95	60
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	15	10	130	75	55
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	15	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	40	20	20	1,175	570	595
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	135	60	80
Filipino	0	0	0	940	470	475
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	15	15	0	15
Japanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	25	0	20
Laotian	0	0	0	50	40	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	30	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania origins	10	10	0	50	30	25
Australian	0	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	55	30	25
Fijian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	20	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
Owner	1,830	...	...	3,615	...	...
Renter	365	...	...	2,055	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...	680	...	...
Not condominium	2,180	...	...	4,985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	65	...	...	570	...	...
2 bedrooms	530	...	...	1,925	...	...
3 bedrooms	880	...	...	1,535	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	720	...	...	1,610	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	320	...	...	1,745	...	...
5 rooms	325	...	...	910	...	...
6 rooms	390	...	...	790	...	...
7 rooms	295	...	...	675	...	...
8 or more rooms	870	...	...	1,545	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,180	...	...	5,545	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
Suitable	2,150	...	...	5,445	...	...
Not suitable	45	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
1960 or before	710	...	...	510	...	...
1961 to 1980	675	...	...	1,345	...	...
1981 to 1990	285	...	...	800	...	...
1991 to 2000	240	...	...	740	...	...
2001 to 2005	80	...	...	575	...	...
2006 to 2010	115	...	...	815	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	85	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,995	...	...	5,445	...	...
Major repairs needed	195	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,195	...	...	5,670	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,265	...	...	3,415	...	...
2 household maintainers	910	...	...	2,140	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	15	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,195	...	...	5,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	35	...	...	350	...	...
25 to 34 years	300	...	...	1,075	...	...
35 to 44 years	360	...	...	940	...	...
45 to 54 years	420	...	...	925	...	...
55 to 64 years	560	...	...	825	...	...
65 to 74 years	330	...	...	720	...	...
75 to 84 years	140	...	...	535	...	...
85 years and over	50	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,980	...	...	5,660	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,780	...	...	4,340	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	205	...	...	1,320	...	...
30% to less than 100%	185	...	...	1,230	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,620	...	...	3,610	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.9	...	...	67.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	8.4	...	...	13.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	757	...	...	1,058	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	941	...	...	1,071	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	229,403	...	...	250,821	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	240,328	...	...	272,528	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	360	...	...	2,055	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	6.9	...	...	15.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.4	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	766	...	...	864	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	746	...	...	906	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,600	2,295	2,305	11,270	5,315	5,955
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,185	665	520	3,185	1,515	1,665
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,415	700	715	3,620	1,765	1,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,995	930	1,065	4,460	2,030	2,435
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	400	305	100	800	440	360
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	170	90	75	410	185	230
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	235	210	25	390	260	130
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	860	315	545	1,780	740	1,035
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160	75	80	255	100	155
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	580	235	340	1,630	745	885
Bachelor's degree	460	175	285	1,200	520	680
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	20	25	150	45	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	75	40	35
Master's degree	45	20	20	185	115	70
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	25	25	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,025	1,455	1,575	6,920	3,355	3,565
No certificate, diploma or degree	470	290	180	1,260	695	565
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,025	500	520	2,235	1,120	1,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,530	660	870	3,425	1,540	1,890
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	290	205	85	525	295	235
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	115	55	60	265	125	140
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	175	150	25	260	175	90
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	670	245	425	1,375	595	780
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	110	50	70	180	75	110
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	460	170	295	1,340	570	770
Bachelor's degree	385	140	245	1,005	405	600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	10	20	110	25	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	10	0	70	30	35
Master's degree	30	10	20	150	90	60
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,600	2,295	2,305	11,265	5,310	5,955
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,605	1,365	1,235	6,805	3,285	3,525
Education	175	30	150	510	140	375
13. Education	180	30	150	515	145	375
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10	80	25	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	15	0	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	70	20	50
Humanities	50	25	30	420	240	180
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	10	15	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	20	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	60	30	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	15	10	310	190	125
54. History	0	0	0	0	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	165	15	150	305	95	205
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	85	0	85	90	10	85
22. Legal professions and studies	30	0	25	70	25	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	0	10
42. Psychology	40	10	30	20	15	10
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	90	45	40
Business, management and public administration	380	105	270	780	295	480
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	10	50	60	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	315	95	220	715	285	425
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	15	20	75	40	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	0	15	45	30	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	30	15	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	15	15	115	70	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	10	10	85	60	30
25. Library science	10	0	10	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	455	440	15	760	700	55
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	10	10	0
14. Engineering	40	35	0	120	85	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	25	0	130	120	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	100	100	0	200	195	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	275	270	0	250	245	0
48. Precision production	15	15	10	55	50	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	175	140	35	220	145	75
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	160	130	30	205	135	70
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	10	15	10	0
Health and related fields	405	80	330	885	145	745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	10	0	15	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	395	70	325	865	130	740
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	105	60	45	310	130	180
12. Personal and culinary services	55	15	40	190	35	155
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	50	30	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	35	25	10	75	65	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,025	1,455	1,570	6,920	3,355	3,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,490	790	700	3,495	1,815	1,680
Education	110	10	105	380	90	290
13. Education	110	10	100	380	85	290
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	15	65	25	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	15	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	55	15	45
Humanities	35	15	15	265	160	105
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	10	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	20	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	10	195	130	70
54. History	10	0	0	0	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	15	130	235	70	165
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	0	75	75	10	70
22. Legal professions and studies	25	0	20	60	25	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	40	10	30	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	75	30	40
Business, management and public administration	295	70	220	670	245	425
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	10	50	50	10	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	235	65	170	610	235	380
Physical and life sciences and technologies	30	10	20	55	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	15	40	25	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	15	15	100	60	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	15	0	80	60	25
25. Library science	10	0	0	10	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	335	325	20	565	520	50
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	10	10	0
14. Engineering	30	25	10	95	70	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	115	100	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	70	70	0	135	135	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	205	200	10	175	170	0
48. Precision production	20	15	10	40	35	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	105	35	195	125	75
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	95	30	190	120	70
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	0	10	0
Health and related fields	325	60	270	675	125	555
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	325	60	265	665	120	550
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	75	40	40	215	95	120
12. Personal and culinary services	45	0	40	130	25	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	20	20	0	30	25	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	55	45	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,600	2,295	2,305	11,270	5,310	5,960
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,600	1,365	1,240	6,810	3,285	3,520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,995	930	1,070	4,465	2,030	2,435
Location of study inside Canada	1,855	855	1,005	3,510	1,535	1,975
Same as province or territory of residence	1,640	730	910	2,965	1,265	1,695
Different than province or territory of residence	215	125	95	550	265	280
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	140	75	60	955	495	455
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	20	35	105	60	45
Philippines	0	0	0	455	215	245
India	15	15	0	35	30	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	40	20	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	60	35	25	290	170	130
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,025	1,455	1,575	6,920	3,350	3,570
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,490	795	695	3,495	1,815	1,680
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,530	660	870	3,430	1,540	1,890
Location of study inside Canada	1,430	610	815	2,565	1,090	1,470
Same as province or territory of residence	1,250	505	740	2,175	900	1,270
Different than province or territory of residence	185	105	80	390	185	205
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	105	55	50	865	445	415
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	10	30	55	30	25
Philippines	0	0	0	440	210	235
India	15	15	0	35	25	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	35	25	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	45	30	15	280	160	120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,600	2,295	2,300	11,270	5,315	5,955
In the labour force	3,235	1,745	1,490	7,625	4,170	3,450
Employed	3,090	1,660	1,435	7,225	3,945	3,275
Unemployed	140	85	55	395	220	175
Not in the labour force	1,365	550	815	3,650	1,140	2,510
Participation rate	70.3	76.0	64.8	67.7	78.5	57.9
Employment rate	67.2	72.3	62.4	64.1	74.2	55.0
Unemployment rate	4.3	4.9	3.7	5.2	5.3	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,595	2,290	2,305	11,270	5,310	5,955
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,155	450	710	3,425	1,080	2,350
Worked	3,445	1,845	1,595	7,840	4,230	3,610
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,910	1,110	800	3,990	2,485	1,500
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,535	735	795	3,850	1,745	2,100
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.7	44.0	43.4	43.3	44.4	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,235	1,750	1,490	7,620	4,170	3,450
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	30	20	15	135	65	70
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,200	1,730	1,470	7,485	4,100	3,385
Employee	2,690	1,360	1,330	6,715	3,625	3,095
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	515	370	140	770	485	285
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,235	1,745	1,490	7,620	4,170	3,450
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	15	20	130	70	65
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,200	1,730	1,470	7,485	4,100	3,385
0 Management occupations	525	375	150	765	540	225
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	390	70	320	980	275	705
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	125	105	15	270	195	75
3 Health occupations	300	60	240	500	90	410
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	350	60	290	765	270	495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	50	20	35	105	45	55
6 Sales and service occupations	535	210	325	1,625	640	990
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	625	585	40	1,520	1,415	100
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	170	145	25	325	245	80
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	140	105	35	630	385	245
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,235	1,745	1,490	7,620	4,170	3,450
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	15	20	135	65	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,200	1,730	1,470	7,490	4,105	3,385
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	465	350	115	445	355	95
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	20	15	0
22 Utilities	20	15	10	35	30	10
23 Construction	230	210	20	800	740	65
31-33 Manufacturing	215	175	45	1,080	720	360
41 Wholesale trade	125	105	25	185	140	45
44-45 Retail trade	295	110	185	845	395	450
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	200	150	50	620	495	125
51 Information and cultural industries	20	0	20	85	55	30
52 Finance and insurance	110	55	50	240	70	170
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	10	20	115	70	40
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	105	45	55	230	110	115
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	145	105	45	170	80	90
61 Educational services	210	25	185	465	155	310
62 Health care and social assistance	480	70	410	965	135	830
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	40	20	20	85	45	40
72 Accommodation and food services	165	75	90	495	150	345
81 Other services (except public administration)	100	65	30	405	220	180
91 Public administration	230	135	100	200	120	80
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,090	1,660	1,435	7,225	3,950	3,275
Worked at home	430	275	155	325	125	200
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	45	35	15
No fixed workplace address	340	280	60	1,040	870	175
Worked at usual place	2,315	1,100	1,215	5,810	2,920	2,885
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,315	1,100	1,215	5,805	2,925	2,885
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	655	380	270	3,890	1,700	2,185
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,355	525	830	1,340	815	525
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	290	185	105	545	380	170
Commute to a different province or territory	15	10	0	25	25	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,655	1,375	1,275	6,845	3,790	3,060
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,390	1,255	1,130	5,625	3,200	2,425
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	170	65	105	580	290	290
Public transit	10	10	0	40	20	15
Walked	65	35	20	410	150	260
Bicycle	10	10	0	140	105	35
Other method	20	10	10	55	35	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,655	1,375	1,275	6,845	3,790	3,055
Less than 15 minutes	885	455	430	4,405	2,095	2,310
15 to 29 minutes	1,205	555	645	1,320	840	475
30 to 44 minutes	265	150	115	335	240	95
45 to 59 minutes	125	75	45	315	240	75
60 minutes and over	175	140	35	470	370	105
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,655	1,375	1,275	6,850	3,790	3,055
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	135	115	20	420	335	80
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	455	275	180	1,210	845	365
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	970	540	425	1,950	1,220	735
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	605	205	395	1,555	600	955
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	130	55	75	550	215	340
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	370	185	180	1,165	580	590
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,535	1,900	1,635	8,080	4,325	3,750
Single responses	3,525	1,890	1,635	7,990	4,290	3,700
Official languages	3,520	1,895	1,630	7,930	4,245	3,685
English	3,505	1,880	1,625	7,910	4,235	3,670
French	15	10	0	15	0	15
Non-official languages	10	0	10	65	50	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	65	50	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	55	40	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	35	25	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	10	85	35	50
English and French	0	0	0	40	20	25
English and non-official language	10	10	0	40	15	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,535	1,895	1,635	8,080	4,325	3,750
None	3,455	1,850	1,605	7,500	4,010	3,495
English	0	0	10	50	25	20
French	20	15	10	80	35	50
Non-official language	45	30	10	445	255	185
Aboriginal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	25	0	445	260	185
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,625	2,840	2,785	14,190	6,785	7,405
Non-movers	5,090	2,585	2,500	11,470	5,475	5,995
Movers	535	250	285	2,715	1,305	1,410
Non-migrants	280	115	170	1,500	740	765
Migrants	255	135	115	1,215	570	645
Internal migrants	250	130	115	1,030	475	555
Intraprovincial migrants	165	85	85	860	395	460
Interprovincial migrants	85	55	35	170	80	90
External migrants	10	0	0	185	95	90
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,335	2,690	2,645	13,245	6,340	6,900
Non-movers	3,870	1,985	1,885	5,945	2,790	3,155
Movers	1,470	705	765	7,300	3,560	3,745
Non-migrants	715	315	400	4,090	2,065	2,030
Migrants	755	390	365	3,205	1,495	1,710
Internal migrants	710	360	350	2,385	1,070	1,315
Intraprovincial migrants	570	280	290	2,035	925	1,105
Interprovincial migrants	140	85	55	350	145	210
External migrants	50	35	15	820	420	400

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Portage la Prairie, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Steinbach [Population centre], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Steinbach [Population centre], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Steinbach [Population centre], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Portage la Prairie, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Steinbach [Population centre], Manitoba