Census Profile, 2016 Census
Selkirk, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Souris--Moose Mountain [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Selkirk, CY Manitoba [Census subdivision]			Souris--Moose Mountain Saskatchewan [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Selkirk, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : Selkirk, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Souris--Moose Mountain [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	10,278	...	...	72,635	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	9,834	...	...	72,058	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.5	...	...	0.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	4,328	...	...	34,896	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,163	...	...	29,615	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	413.4	...	...	1.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	24.86	...	...	42,348.52	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	10,275	4,790	5,485	72,635	36,570	36,065
0 to 14 years	1,625	820	810	14,385	7,210	7,170
0 to 4 years	525	255	270	4,845	2,450	2,395
5 to 9 years	550	290	260	4,955	2,465	2,490
10 to 14 years	550	275	280	4,590	2,300	2,290
15 to 64 years	6,285	3,020	3,260	45,765	23,535	22,225
15 to 19 years	620	305	320	4,380	2,210	2,170
20 to 24 years	660	350	310	3,970	2,105	1,865
25 to 29 years	625	300	325	4,635	2,390	2,245
30 to 34 years	600	280	320	4,785	2,385	2,400
35 to 39 years	525	260	265	4,695	2,400	2,295
40 to 44 years	515	240	275	4,175	2,180	1,995
45 to 49 years	610	280	335	4,195	2,145	2,045
50 to 54 years	715	325	390	5,065	2,615	2,450
55 to 59 years	720	350	365	5,180	2,670	2,510
60 to 64 years	695	335	360	4,685	2,445	2,240
65 years and over	2,370	955	1,415	12,485	5,820	6,670
65 to 69 years	640	305	340	3,660	1,855	1,805
70 to 74 years	475	205	275	2,820	1,360	1,455
75 to 79 years	420	185	240	2,090	1,005	1,085
80 to 84 years	365	135	235	1,805	815	990
85 years and over	460	130	330	2,115	785	1,335
85 to 89 years	250	80	170	1,310	560	755
90 to 94 years	140	40	105	580	185	395
95 to 99 years	55	10	45	195	40	155
100 years and over	20	5	10	30	0	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.8	17.1	14.8	19.8	19.7	19.9
15 to 64 years	61.2	63.0	59.4	63.0	64.4	61.6
65 years and over	23.1	19.9	25.8	17.2	15.9	18.5
85 years and over	4.5	2.7	6.0	2.9	2.1	3.7
Average age of the population	43.8	41.8	45.5	40.2	39.6	40.7
Median age of the population	44.7	41.8	46.7	39.4	39.1	39.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,160	...	...	29,615	...	...
Single-detached house	2,650	...	...	23,955	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	230	...	...	155	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,230	...	...	4,110	...	...
Semi-detached house	125	...	...	680	...	...
Row house	240	...	...	575	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10	...	...	180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	850	...	...	2,580	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	90	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	45	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,160	...	...	29,615	...	...
1 person	1,340	...	...	8,455	...	...
2 persons	1,445	...	...	11,050	...	...
3 persons	615	...	...	3,725	...	...
4 persons	500	...	...	3,725	...	...
5 or more persons	265	...	...	2,655	...	...
Number of persons in private households	9,550	...	...	71,180	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	8,650	3,975	4,675	58,255	29,360	28,895
Married or living common law	4,200	2,115	2,085	37,320	18,745	18,575
Married	3,355	1,690	1,660	31,415	15,795	15,620
Living common law	845	420	420	5,905	2,950	2,955
Not married and not living common law	4,455	1,865	2,595	20,930	10,610	10,320
Never married	2,555	1,350	1,205	13,055	7,770	5,285
Separated	260	90	170	1,265	625	635
Divorced	690	260	435	2,750	1,455	1,300
Widowed	945	165	780	3,865	765	3,095
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,755	...	...	20,630	...	...
2 persons	1,520	...	...	11,065	...	...
3 persons	615	...	...	3,605	...	...
4 persons	445	...	...	3,655	...	...
5 or more persons	180	...	...	2,295	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,760	...	...	20,625	...	...
Total couple families	2,020	...	...	18,230	...	...
Married couples	1,595	...	...	15,280	...	...
Common-law couples	420	...	...	2,955	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	740	...	...	2,395	...	...
Female parent	615	...	...	1,740	...	...
Male parent	120	...	...	660	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,015	...	...	18,235	...	...
Couples without children	1,085	...	...	9,690	...	...
Couples with children	935	...	...	8,545	...	...
1 child	395	...	...	2,965	...	...
2 children	390	...	...	3,395	...	...
3 or more children	145	...	...	2,180	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	740	...	...	2,395	...	...
1 child	435	...	...	1,375	...	...
2 children	215	...	...	640	...	...
3 or more children	90	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,925	810	1,115	11,250	6,235	5,015
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,160	...	...	29,615	...	...
One-census-family households	2,600	...	...	20,095	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,035	...	...	9,500	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,565	...	...	10,600	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	80	...	...	260	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,490	...	...	9,260	...	...
One-person households	1,335	...	...	8,455	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	150	...	...	810	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	9,700	4,515	5,185	71,575	36,215	35,365
English only	9,165	4,290	4,875	69,360	35,175	34,180
French only	5	0	5	20	10	5
English and French	520	215	300	2,065	960	1,105
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	135	65	70
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	9,700	4,515	5,185	71,575	36,215	35,365
English	9,565	4,455	5,115	70,545	35,710	34,830
French	105	50	60	880	430	450
English and French	10	5	10	25	15	10
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	130	60	70
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	110	55	60	890	435	455
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	9,700	4,515	5,185	71,580	36,215	35,360
Single responses	9,570	4,460	5,110	70,805	35,835	34,965
Official languages	9,010	4,210	4,805	65,945	33,440	32,515
English	8,885	4,155	4,735	64,905	32,945	31,960
French	120	55	65	1,045	495	550
Non-official languages	560	255	310	4,855	2,405	2,450
Aboriginal languages	45	15	25	205	105	100
Algonquian languages	45	15	25	115	60	60
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	5	10	90	50	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	45	40
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	10	15	20	10	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	10	20	10	15
Oji-Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Dakota	0	0	0	65	35	30
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	520	235	285	4,650	2,295	2,350
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	70	50	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	65	45	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	30	20	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	35	25	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	25	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	5	5	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	30	30	1,575	735	840
Bikol	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cebuano	5	0	0	90	40	50
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	15	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	30	1,405	660	750
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	55	25	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	5	40	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	400	170	230	2,435	1,220	1,215
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	65	100	615	285	330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	165	70	100	605	280	320
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	5	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	5	5	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	5	20	95	35	65
Russian	5	0	5	120	60	55
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	125	50	75	360	170	190
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	155	75	85	1,265	640	620
Afrikaans	0	0	0	140	75	60
Danish	0	0	5	25	15	5
Dutch	25	15	15	90	40	45
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	115	55	60	980	495	485
Icelandic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	15	5	10
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	40	15	30	335	190	145
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	25	300	170	135
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	100	50	45
Hindi	0	0	5	55	30	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	5	20	100	60	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	40	20	20
Iranian languages	5	5	5	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	185	85	100
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	10	10	5
Portuguese	0	5	5	10	5	5
Romanian	5	0	0	20	10	5
Spanish	20	5	10	140	65	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	5	115	65	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	45	25	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	5	170	85	85
Chinese languages	5	0	0	155	75	80
Cantonese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	50	20	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	60	30	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	110	55	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hungarian	5	0	0	85	45	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	130	55	80	775	375	405
English and French	35	15	25	105	60	45
English and non-official language	95	40	50	650	300	345
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	9,700	4,515	5,185	71,580	36,210	35,365
Single responses	9,570	4,465	5,105	70,295	35,575	34,715
Official languages	9,450	4,410	5,040	67,990	34,440	33,550
English	9,435	4,400	5,035	67,800	34,345	33,455
French	15	10	10	190	95	95
Non-official languages	120	60	65	2,300	1,135	1,165
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	35	15	15
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	25	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	5	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	0	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	115	55	60	2,275	1,120	1,155
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	45	30	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	5	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	5	40	25	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	15	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	10	10	930	440	490
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	10	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	15	10	885	410	470
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	20	35	1,045	525	515
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	250	115	130
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	240	115	125
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	15	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	150	75	75
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	465	245	220
Afrikaans	0	0	0	105	55	50
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	5	5	0	335	180	165
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	20	225	115	110
Indo-Aryan languages	20	5	15	210	110	105
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	60	25	30
Hindi	0	0	5	40	25	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	5	15	60	30	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	50	25	20
Iranian languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	95	40	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	10	5	10	80	30	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	80	40	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	105	55	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	100	50	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	35	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	130	50	80	1,280	640	645
English and French	15	5	15	50	20	25
English and non-official language	115	45	70	1,225	610	615
French and non-official language	5	5	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	9,705	4,515	5,185	71,580	36,215	35,365
None	9,370	4,355	5,010	68,400	34,640	33,760
English	60	30	25	1,295	625	670
French	80	30	45	385	180	200
Non-official language	195	95	100	1,470	755	715
Aboriginal	35	15	15	230	135	100
Non-Aboriginal	160	80	85	1,235	620	615
English and French	0	0	0	0	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,925	3,630	4,290	56,850	28,850	28,005
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,585	3,470	4,120	54,945	28,035	26,910
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,689	40,896	27,988	40,060	51,964	30,948
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,585	3,465	4,120	54,950	28,035	26,915
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,400	35,541	25,781	36,004	44,718	28,706
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,740	3,150	3,590	51,775	26,860	24,915
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,342	39,008	22,757	37,523	50,340	27,569
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,870	2,420	3,450	34,680	14,795	19,875
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,824	7,189	8,300	5,788	5,751	5,814
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,275	2,600	2,670	43,725	23,625	20,100
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,781	40,800	26,560	35,967	48,765	26,620
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	7,925	3,635	4,290	56,760	28,790	27,975
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,605	3,470	4,130	54,825	28,000	26,830
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,629	46,069	32,376	54,310	68,032	39,989
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,600	3,470	4,130	54,835	28,000	26,830
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,728	38,116	28,200	44,081	53,357	34,402
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,670	3,125	3,550	51,600	26,770	24,825
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,118	45,018	28,293	52,585	66,839	37,211
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,855	2,430	3,425	34,450	14,700	19,750
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,004	7,983	9,729	7,677	7,849	7,550
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,275	2,640	2,635	43,590	23,500	20,090
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,583	43,701	31,439	49,414	62,861	33,682
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	7,925	3,635	4,295	56,765	28,790	27,975
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,490	1,365	1,125	20,530	12,650	7,875
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,401	53,595	42,088	56,295	66,582	45,385
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,201	57,416	45,895	67,892	79,045	49,984
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	82.7	88.0	76.4	90.9	93.8	85.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	67.4	72.2	61.8	72.1	77.0	63.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.3	12.0	23.5	9.1	6.2	14.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	7,925	3,630	4,290	56,850	28,850	28,000
Without total income	340	165	170	1,900	815	1,090
With total income	7,585	3,470	4,115	54,950	28,040	26,915
Percentage with total income	95.7	95.6	95.9	96.7	97.2	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	930	405	530	6,655	2,660	3,995
$10,000 to $19,999	1,200	410	790	7,485	2,830	4,655
$20,000 to $29,999	1,355	465	890	7,140	2,700	4,435
$30,000 to $39,999	1,090	410	675	6,155	2,570	3,585
$40,000 to $49,999	925	465	460	5,845	2,740	3,105
$50,000 to $59,999	620	375	245	4,580	2,455	2,130
$60,000 to $69,999	410	235	175	3,650	2,230	1,425
$70,000 to $79,999	345	220	125	2,845	1,825	1,025
$80,000 to $89,999	245	150	100	2,345	1,555	790
$90,000 to $99,999	155	100	55	1,840	1,250	590
$100,000 and over	310	230	85	6,410	5,225	1,185
$100,000 to $149,999	250	180	70	4,475	3,565	910
$150,000 and over	60	45	10	1,930	1,660	270
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,925	3,635	4,290	56,850	28,850	28,005
Without after-tax income	340	170	175	1,905	815	1,090
With after-tax income	7,585	3,465	4,120	54,950	28,035	26,910
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.3	96.0	96.7	97.2	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	965	410	555	6,785	2,715	4,070
$10,000 to $19,999	1,330	455	875	7,865	2,965	4,900
$20,000 to $29,999	1,585	555	1,025	8,275	3,170	5,100
$30,000 to $39,999	1,365	620	740	7,750	3,460	4,290
$40,000 to $49,999	890	495	390	6,705	3,530	3,180
$50,000 to $59,999	605	375	235	5,070	3,060	2,010
$60,000 to $69,999	380	225	155	3,690	2,395	1,290
$70,000 to $79,999	210	140	70	2,705	1,830	875
$80,000 and over	255	185	65	6,100	4,900	1,200
$80,000 to $89,999	125	90	35	1,855	1,370	480
$90,000 to $99,999	50	40	15	1,325	1,055	270
$100,000 and over	80	65	15	2,915	2,475	445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	7,925	3,630	4,290	56,855	28,850	28,000
Without employment income	2,650	1,035	1,615	13,130	5,230	7,900
With employment income	5,270	2,600	2,670	43,720	23,625	20,100
Percentage with employment income	66.5	71.6	62.2	76.9	81.9	71.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	665	300	365	6,075	2,905	3,170
$5,000 to $9,999	390	150	240	3,415	1,420	1,995
$10,000 to $19,999	715	285	435	5,305	2,275	3,035
$20,000 to $29,999	695	270	420	4,550	1,830	2,720
$30,000 to $39,999	640	270	370	4,185	1,745	2,435
$40,000 to $49,999	635	345	295	3,920	1,875	2,045
$50,000 to $59,999	420	255	165	3,155	1,745	1,410
$60,000 to $69,999	285	170	110	2,625	1,690	935
$70,000 to $79,999	275	185	100	2,130	1,445	680
$80,000 and over	550	375	175	8,360	6,685	1,680
$80,000 to $89,999	215	125	90	1,925	1,315	610
$90,000 to $99,999	115	80	35	1,410	1,015	395
$100,000 and over	220	175	45	5,020	4,350	665
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,160	...	...	29,615	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	60,732	...	...	79,148	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,205	...	...	68,316	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,340	...	...	8,455	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,541	...	...	39,469	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,904	...	...	35,093	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,825	...	...	21,160	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,997	...	...	98,414	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,888	...	...	84,277	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,160	...	...	29,600	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,547	...	...	100,598	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,771	...	...	81,657	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,335	...	...	8,455	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,286	...	...	54,538	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,764	...	...	44,576	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,830	...	...	21,150	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,208	...	...	119,008	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,959	...	...	96,479	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,160	...	...	29,615	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	460	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	90	...	...	270	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	470	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	200	...	...	1,160	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	280	...	...	1,200	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	210	...	...	985	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	210	...	...	1,165	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	230	...	...	1,090	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	190	...	...	1,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	185	...	...	1,065	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	325	...	...	2,070	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	330	...	...	2,080	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	295	...	...	1,855	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	275	...	...	1,755	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	230	...	...	1,675	...	...
$100,000 and over	975	...	...	11,215	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	400	...	...	3,525	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	250	...	...	2,530	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	230	...	...	2,910	...	...
$200,000 and over	95	...	...	2,250	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,160	...	...	29,615	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	485	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	95	...	...	275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	100	...	...	490	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	205	...	...	1,205	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	310	...	...	1,310	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	265	...	...	1,145	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	230	...	...	1,330	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	280	...	...	1,315	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	210	...	...	1,330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	205	...	...	1,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	445	...	...	2,560	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	365	...	...	2,445	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	365	...	...	2,295	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	225	...	...	2,065	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	215	...	...	1,890	...	...
$100,000 and over	610	...	...	8,150	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	325	...	...	3,490	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	165	...	...	2,045	...	...
$150,000 and over	130	...	...	2,620	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,730	...	...	20,625	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,615	...	...	97,227	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,680	...	...	83,432	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,005	...	...	9,420	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,369	...	...	88,356	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,112	...	...	75,913	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	945	...	...	8,595	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,240	...	...	121,675	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,131	...	...	101,971	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	685	...	...	2,240	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,904	...	...	53,984	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,314	...	...	49,906	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,755	...	...	20,590	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,608	...	...	118,665	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,416	...	...	96,106	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,030	...	...	9,460	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,248	...	...	103,931	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,863	...	...	85,500	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	915	...	...	8,560	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,310	...	...	148,956	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,720	...	...	118,255	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	715	...	...	2,215	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,265	...	...	67,565	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,967	...	...	57,927	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,650	675	980	10,225	5,665	4,555
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,376	35,008	27,392	39,129	47,488	31,063
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,763	30,400	25,696	34,756	40,677	28,937
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,620	620	995	10,190	5,635	4,560
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,766	38,963	33,776	52,427	57,925	45,634
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,501	31,898	29,631	42,995	46,426	38,756
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	9,550	4,450	5,100	71,180	36,035	35,145
In the bottom half of the distribution	5,595	2,470	3,125	30,980	14,965	16,010
In the bottom decile	1,160	510	650	5,720	2,865	2,855
In the second decile	1,125	435	695	6,310	2,785	3,530
In the third decile	1,170	505	670	5,930	2,825	3,105
In the fourth decile	1,090	510	575	6,285	3,085	3,205
In the fifth decile	1,055	515	540	6,725	3,410	3,315
In the top half of the distribution	3,950	1,985	1,970	40,205	21,070	19,135
In the sixth decile	1,055	530	530	7,410	3,765	3,650
In the seventh decile	1,025	520	505	7,810	4,060	3,755
In the eighth decile	795	390	400	8,130	4,245	3,885
In the ninth decile	730	365	365	8,490	4,450	4,045
In the top decile	350	185	165	8,355	4,545	3,810
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	9,550	4,455	5,095	68,070	34,470	33,600
0 to 17 years	2,000	1,005	995	15,880	7,940	7,940
0 to 5 years	625	295	325	5,445	2,755	2,690
18 to 64 years	5,640	2,675	2,965	41,125	21,220	19,910
65 years and over	1,910	775	1,135	11,075	5,315	5,760
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,725	705	1,015	7,080	3,265	3,815
0 to 17 years	620	315	305	2,010	955	1,055
0 to 5 years	225	105	120	730	340	385
18 to 64 years	830	320	505	3,395	1,675	1,720
65 years and over	275	75	200	1,670	635	1,040
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.1	15.8	19.9	10.4	9.5	11.4
0 to 17 years (%)	31.0	31.3	30.7	12.7	12.0	13.3
0 to 5 years (%)	36.0	35.6	36.9	13.4	12.3	14.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	12.0	17.0	8.3	7.9	8.6
65 years and over (%)	14.4	9.7	17.6	15.1	11.9	18.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	725	320	405	2,510	1,265	1,245
0 to 17 years	235	115	120	760	355	405
0 to 5 years	90	40	50	285	125	160
18 to 64 years	465	195	270	1,575	830	745
65 years and over	25	10	15	180	85	90
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.6	7.2	7.9	3.7	3.7	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	11.8	11.4	12.1	4.8	4.5	5.1
0 to 5 years (%)	14.4	13.6	15.4	5.2	4.5	5.9
18 to 64 years (%)	8.2	7.3	9.1	3.8	3.9	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.3	1.3	1.6	1.6	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	9,550	4,450	5,100	71,020	35,955	35,065
Official languages	9,540	4,445	5,090	70,875	35,890	34,980
English	9,535	4,445	5,090	70,860	35,885	34,975
French	580	270	305	2,020	895	1,120
Non-official languages	710	345	370	5,915	2,945	2,970
Aboriginal languages	75	30	45	420	225	195
Algonquian languages	75	35	45	270	140	135
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	0	20	235	120	115
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	25	15	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	10	210	105	105
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	50	30	20	50	30	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	30	15	15	50	25	25
Oji-Cree	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	150	85	65
Dakota	0	0	0	115	65	50
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	630	310	320	5,495	2,720	2,770
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	90	60	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	10	85	60	30
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arabic	0	10	10	45	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	40	25	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	40	40	2,070	970	1,100
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	120	40	80
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	40	40	2,040	955	1,080
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	55	25	30
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	470	225	245	2,730	1,415	1,325
Albanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	60	105	570	275	300
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	165	55	105	570	275	300
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	70	35	35
Russian	0	0	0	230	110	120
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	145	55	95	380	170	215
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	180	100	80	1,195	615	580
Afrikaans	0	0	0	130	65	60
Danish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Dutch	30	20	15	125	55	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	130	75	55	890	470	420
Icelandic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	10	25	0	15
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	60	25	30
Indo-Iranian languages	55	25	30	500	270	235
Indo-Aryan languages	50	25	30	490	265	225
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	155	85	70
Hindi	15	0	10	240	125	115
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	10	25	140	80	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	90	45	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	90	50	40	445	260	185
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	15	10	25	15	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	0	25
Romanian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Spanish	60	30	35	375	225	145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	10	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	25	10	95	40	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	95	60	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	15	10
Swahili	0	0	0	15	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	35	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	25	40	15	20
American Sign Language	30	15	15	0	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	30	0	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	185	90	95
Chinese languages	0	0	0	170	75	95
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	30	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	30	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	25	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	20	10	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	85	45	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	70	45	30
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	9,545	4,455	5,095	71,020	35,955	35,065
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	9,400	4,390	5,010	67,550	34,315	33,240
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,960	985	975	16,100	8,060	8,040
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,445	3,405	4,035	51,450	26,245	25,200
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	150	60	85	3,465	1,640	1,825
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	9,550	4,450	5,095	71,020	35,955	35,070
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,100	4,215	4,890	65,785	33,450	32,335
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	425	230	195	4,670	2,210	2,460
Before 1981	180	100	85	690	325	360
1981 to 1990	25	15	0	200	90	115
1991 to 2000	25	15	10	380	185	190
2001 to 2010	85	50	35	1,060	545	515
2001 to 2005	20	15	0	275	120	155
2006 to 2010	60	35	25	785	420	360
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	110	55	55	2,345	1,065	1,280
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	10	15	565	295	265
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	425	235	190	4,670	2,205	2,460
Under 5 years	85	55	35	530	250	275
5 to 14 years	70	65	10	960	450	505
15 to 24 years	55	25	35	705	325	385
25 to 44 years	175	75	100	2,265	1,050	1,220
45 years and over	40	20	15	210	125	80
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	425	230	195	4,670	2,210	2,460
Americas	65	40	25	750	295	455
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	60	40	25
Mexico	15	0	0	135	55	80
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	30	15	425	140	280
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	80	40	40
Europe	190	105	85	1,120	545	580
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	10	0
France	10	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	25	15	15	200	105	85
Greece	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italy	0	0	0	10	10	10
Netherlands	15	15	0	85	35	45
Poland	0	0	0	25	10	15
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	15	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	55	20	35
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	220	105	115
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	110	60	50	370	175	195
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	10	80	50	30
Africa	0	0	0	290	155	130
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	110	50	55
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	155	95	65
Asia	160	85	75	2,480	1,190	1,285
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	110	50	60
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	20	0
India	15	0	10	355	190	165
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	20	15	30	10	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	15	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	85	45	40
Philippines	80	40	40	1,715	800	915
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	0	110	55	60
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	35	20	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	110	55	55	2,340	1,060	1,285
Americas	25	15	10	180	55	130
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	50	30	20
Mexico	10	10	10	20	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	75	0	70
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	15	20
Europe	0	0	0	210	75	135
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	30	10	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	90	25	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	35	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	150	85	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	30	15	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	75	45	30
Asia	90	40	45	1,790	845	950
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	10	10	275	145	135
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	25	10	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	10	50	30	25
Philippines	40	20	20	1,360	635	725
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	45	20	25
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	9,550	4,455	5,100	71,020	35,955	35,065
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	460	250	210	5,445	2,650	2,800
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,130	475	650	7,905	3,910	3,995
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	7,965	3,725	4,240	57,670	29,400	28,275
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	255	140	115	4,005	1,895	2,110
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	165	90	70	3,100	1,570	1,530
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	80	35	50	1,230	870	360
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	85	60	25	1,875	700	1,175
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	80	40	40	745	240	510
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	150	80	70
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	9,550	4,455	5,095	71,020	35,955	35,065
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,315	1,595	1,720	5,860	2,975	2,880
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,275	1,580	1,700	5,770	2,950	2,815
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,395	625	775	3,730	1,890	1,840
Métis	1,875	950	920	2,020	1,060	965
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	20	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	35	15	20	30	10	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	60	15	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	6,235	2,860	3,375	65,160	32,980	32,180
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	9,550	4,455	5,095	71,020	35,955	35,065
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,245	530	705	3,640	1,825	1,820
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,310	3,915	4,390	67,380	34,135	33,245
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	9,550	4,455	5,095	71,020	35,950	35,065
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	770	360	410	3,235	1,605	1,625
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	715	320	395	3,190	1,590	1,600
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	455	190	260	2,910	1,465	1,445
Métis single ancestry	260	130	135	270	125	150
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	55	40	15	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	45	35	10	40	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,410	1,130	1,285	3,225	1,590	1,635
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,270	1,080	1,185	3,100	1,540	1,560
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	990	460	530	1,340	650	690
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,270	620	655	1,740	875	865
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	140	50	95	125	45	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	45	80	125	50	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	15	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	6,370	2,960	3,410	64,565	32,760	31,800
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	9,550	4,455	5,095	71,020	35,955	35,065
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	240	130	110	3,950	1,965	1,985
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	60	30	35	605	320	280
Chinese	0	0	0	210	100	105
Black	10	10	0	410	200	210
Filipino	95	50	40	2,195	1,050	1,150
Latin American	15	10	10	115	50	60
Arab	10	10	0	35	15	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	90	60	35
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Korean	40	25	10	75	35	45
Japanese	0	0	0	40	25	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	10	10	55	40	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	75	45	35
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	9,310	4,320	4,985	67,070	33,990	33,080
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	9,550	4,450	5,095	71,020	35,955	35,065
North American Aboriginal origins	3,180	1,490	1,690	6,455	3,190	3,265
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,640	740	900	4,415	2,175	2,240
Inuit	35	10	25	25	10	15
Métis	1,705	830	880	2,180	1,065	1,115
Other North American origins	2,480	1,110	1,370	19,400	9,845	9,550
Acadian	0	0	0	50	25	25
American	75	50	30	925	405	525
Canadian	2,425	1,075	1,350	18,755	9,540	9,215
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	0
European origins	7,285	3,400	3,885	54,360	27,295	27,065
British Isles origins	4,145	1,990	2,150	33,640	16,605	17,040
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	10
English	2,280	1,075	1,205	19,970	9,735	10,240
Irish	1,190	545	650	12,595	6,180	6,415
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish	2,315	1,125	1,195	15,610	7,445	8,165
Welsh	90	45	40	1,100	475	625
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	110	60	55	1,060	540	515
French origins	1,165	595	565	9,490	4,485	5,005
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,165	600	570	9,490	4,490	5,005
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,955	915	1,040	25,150	12,455	12,695
Austrian	150	70	80	950	475	480
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	100	55	50	1,655	855	805
Dutch	280	125	155	2,370	1,135	1,235
Flemish	0	0	0	65	35	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,535	725	810	21,580	10,730	10,855
Luxembourger	0	0	0	35	30	10
Swiss	35	30	0	315	150	170
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,305	565	735	9,445	4,750	4,695
Danish	70	35	40	1,110	535	570
Finnish	30	10	15	405	190	215
Icelandic	845	385	460	475	220	255
Norwegian	200	95	105	5,500	2,755	2,740
Swedish	225	75	150	2,700	1,375	1,330
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	285	150	135
Eastern European origins	2,925	1,350	1,575	13,540	6,695	6,845
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Byelorussian	15	15	0	0	0	10
Czech	25	10	10	295	135	160
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	10	150	80	70
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	40	55	2,415	1,140	1,270
Latvian	15	0	10	25	10	10
Lithuanian	10	0	10	80	35	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Polish	1,165	610	560	3,645	1,785	1,865
Romanian	50	15	40	765	390	375
Russian	105	35	70	1,955	965	995
Slovak	15	10	0	65	30	30
Ukrainian	2,300	1,045	1,255	6,710	3,320	3,395
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	225	85	140	1,080	565	520
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	85	15	65
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	110	55	55
Italian	130	50	80	360	215	145
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	15	0	15	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	10	30	150	85	65
Serbian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	25	20	10	315	140	180
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	10	30	30	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	55	20	30	160	90	70
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	15	20	60	40	25
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	0	10	75	45	30
Caribbean origins	25	15	10	190	90	100
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	20	10	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	110	55	60
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	10	20	15	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	30	0	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	55	25	30	385	195	190
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	40	10	30
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	10	10	0	20	15	0
Maya	0	0	0	25	20	10
Mexican	45	20	30	215	110	110
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	0
African origins	25	0	25	425	240	185
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	65	45	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	20	0	20	15	15	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	0	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	10	0	205	120	85
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	80	45	35
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	50	30	25
Other African origins	10	0	10	150	75	85
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	0	0	140	65	75
Asian origins	250	135	115	3,485	1,735	1,755
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	20	10	10	140	85	55
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	10	10	80	40	40
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	70	30	35	610	325	285
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	45	15	25	605	320	285
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	15	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	10	10	10	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	170	100	70	2,705	1,315	1,395
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	25	15	10	335	175	160
Filipino	100	55	45	2,225	1,060	1,165
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	45	20	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	25	15	95	45	55
Laotian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	15	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	0	35	10	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	10	0	35	10	20
Oceania origins	10	10	0	80	30	50
Australian	10	10	10	65	25	40
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,165	...	...	29,600	...	...
Owner	2,635	...	...	22,985	...	...
Renter	1,530	...	...	5,790	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,160	...	...	29,600	...	...
Condominium	250	...	...	1,590	...	...
Not condominium	3,910	...	...	28,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,160	...	...	29,600	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	555	...	...	2,165	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,255	...	...	6,300	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,565	...	...	10,255	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	750	...	...	10,835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,165	...	...	29,600	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,220	...	...	4,850	...	...
5 rooms	850	...	...	4,570	...	...
6 rooms	715	...	...	4,705	...	...
7 rooms	520	...	...	4,265	...	...
8 or more rooms	860	...	...	11,210	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,165	...	...	29,600	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,130	...	...	29,305	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,165	...	...	29,600	...	...
Suitable	4,005	...	...	28,960	...	...
Not suitable	160	...	...	640	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,160	...	...	29,600	...	...
1960 or before	1,255	...	...	8,670	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,700	...	...	10,280	...	...
1981 to 1990	350	...	...	4,130	...	...
1991 to 2000	275	...	...	1,765	...	...
2001 to 2005	95	...	...	770	...	...
2006 to 2010	140	...	...	1,640	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	350	...	...	2,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,160	...	...	29,600	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	3,685	...	...	26,730	...	...
Major repairs needed	480	...	...	2,870	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,160	...	...	29,600	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,730	...	...	19,035	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,365	...	...	10,210	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	70	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,165	...	...	29,600	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	1,190	...	...
25 to 34 years	560	...	...	4,835	...	...
35 to 44 years	530	...	...	4,855	...	...
45 to 54 years	790	...	...	5,230	...	...
55 to 64 years	820	...	...	5,750	...	...
65 to 74 years	615	...	...	3,910	...	...
75 to 84 years	530	...	...	2,545	...	...
85 years and over	175	...	...	1,290	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,155	...	...	25,320	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,300	...	...	21,505	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	855	...	...	3,810	...	...
30% to less than 100%	795	...	...	3,395	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,635	...	...	19,745	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.5	...	...	53.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.0	...	...	9.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	934	...	...	842	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	979	...	...	1,059	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	248,874	...	...	250,018	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	241,462	...	...	273,045	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,525	...	...	5,610	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	35.0	...	...	23.4	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.7	...	...	33.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	793	...	...	835	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	805	...	...	880	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	7,925	3,635	4,290	56,765	28,790	27,970
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,000	1,015	990	13,200	7,605	5,595
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,620	1,230	1,390	19,085	10,030	9,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,300	1,390	1,910	24,475	11,160	13,320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	785	500	285	7,265	5,100	2,165
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	390	165	225	3,280	1,805	1,470
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	400	340	65	3,985	3,295	690
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,575	505	1,075	9,425	3,155	6,275
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	160	50	105	1,825	680	1,140
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	785	340	450	5,960	2,220	3,745
Bachelor's degree	620	250	370	4,895	1,750	3,145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	35	35	300	115	180
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	200	125	80
Master's degree	85	45	40	520	210	310
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	10	50	20	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,770	2,195	2,575	37,140	19,060	18,080
No certificate, diploma or degree	765	435	330	5,005	3,325	1,680
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,605	810	800	13,200	7,035	6,165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,395	955	1,445	18,940	8,705	10,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	470	275	195	5,520	3,915	1,605
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	260	100	160	2,450	1,355	1,095
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	210	175	35	3,070	2,560	510
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,235	400	835	7,345	2,555	4,785
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	105	25	75	1,140	515	630
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	590	250	335	4,935	1,720	3,215
Bachelor's degree	455	190	265	4,020	1,340	2,685
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	50	20	30	245	100	150
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	180	105	75
Master's degree	65	35	30	470	175	290
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	0	10	25	10	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	7,925	3,635	4,295	56,765	28,785	27,975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,620	2,240	2,380	32,290	17,630	14,655
Education	255	70	185	2,485	455	2,030
13. Education	255	70	185	2,485	460	2,025
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	35	35	315	125	190
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10	85	55	35
50. Visual and performing arts	55	25	25	230	75	155
Humanities	85	50	40	700	325	380
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	35	10	30
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	10	110	15	95
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	15	10	140	65	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	35	15	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	310	195	115
54. History	15	10	0	55	25	35
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	20	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	245	70	175	1,130	310	820
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	90	35	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	0	75	415	15	400
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	30	160	55	105
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	0
42. Psychology	45	15	25	170	35	140
45. Social sciences	70	45	20	255	160	90
Business, management and public administration	570	155	415	4,390	890	3,495
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	20	30	370	30	335
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	520	135	390	4,010	855	3,155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	45	40	300	115	180
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	90	45	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	25	10	55	20	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	25	15	10	75	45	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	60	15	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	15	35	380	195	180
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	20	30	310	165	140
25. Library science	10	0	0	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	10	50	30	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	750	720	30	6,650	6,230	425
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	10	45	25	25
14. Engineering	20	20	0	565	445	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	115	110	10	985	870	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	175	170	0	1,600	1,535	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	345	335	10	2,445	2,380	70
48. Precision production	85	80	0	1,010	980	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	25	25	1,530	1,135	390
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	25	20	1,360	1,020	340
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	10	160	115	50
Health and related fields	920	110	815	4,550	540	4,015
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	10	25	205	80	130
51. Health professions and related programs	880	100	790	4,320	445	3,870
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	15	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	215	100	115	2,050	825	1,225
12. Personal and culinary services	110	10	100	1,335	220	1,120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	15	15	265	180	85
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	75	0	435	425	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,770	2,195	2,575	37,140	19,060	18,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,370	1,245	1,130	18,200	10,360	7,840
Education	160	45	115	1,595	255	1,340
13. Education	155	40	115	1,595	255	1,340
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	20	35	255	90	165
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	0	10	65	30	35
50. Visual and performing arts	45	15	30	190	60	130
Humanities	55	35	15	540	235	305
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	15	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	10	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	15	0	125	55	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	30	10	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	230	155	75
54. History	10	0	0	45	10	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	185	35	150	975	255	715
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	80	30	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	0	70	345	15	330
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	35	145	50	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	10
42. Psychology	25	10	20	150	30	125
45. Social sciences	35	30	10	220	135	85
Business, management and public administration	430	125	305	3,500	725	2,775
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	15	25	305	25	280
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	400	115	285	3,180	695	2,485
Physical and life sciences and technologies	55	35	25	225	90	140
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	0	70	35	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	15	10	50	15	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	10	10
40. Physical sciences	25	15	15	50	20	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	15	30	330	175	160
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	40	20	20	280	155	130
25. Library science	10	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	15	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	505	470	30	5,180	4,840	340
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	30	20	15
14. Engineering	15	10	0	465	365	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	85	80	10	840	745	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	115	120	0	1,240	1,190	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	220	215	10	1,825	1,775	50
48. Precision production	60	45	10	770	745	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	20	25	1,220	895	325
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	25	20	1,070	795	275
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	10	150	105	50
Health and related fields	705	85	630	3,455	430	3,025
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	15	15	165	60	110
51. Health professions and related programs	680	65	610	3,260	355	2,905
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	30	15	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	155	65	85	1,665	725	945
12. Personal and culinary services	85	10	70	1,030	170	855
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	25	10	15	240	160	75
49. Transportation and materials moving	40	35	0	395	390	0
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	7,925	3,635	4,290	56,765	28,790	27,975
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,620	2,240	2,380	32,285	17,635	14,655
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,305	1,390	1,910	24,475	11,155	13,320
Location of study inside Canada	3,115	1,325	1,790	22,075	10,035	12,045
Same as province or territory of residence	2,825	1,165	1,660	16,940	7,575	9,360
Different than province or territory of residence	285	165	120	5,135	2,455	2,680
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	190	65	120	2,395	1,120	1,280
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	45	20	25	545	230	315
Philippines	40	15	30	875	385	490
India	15	0	10	215	115	100
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	15	10	140	80	60
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	60	20	40	600	305	300
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,770	2,195	2,575	37,140	19,060	18,080
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,375	1,245	1,130	18,200	10,355	7,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,395	950	1,440	18,940	8,700	10,240
Location of study inside Canada	2,245	905	1,345	16,765	7,690	9,075
Same as province or territory of residence	2,070	800	1,270	12,670	5,710	6,960
Different than province or territory of residence	175	105	75	4,095	1,980	2,120
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	150	45	100	2,170	1,010	1,160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	20	15	420	175	245
Philippines	40	10	30	865	375	495
India	15	0	10	205	110	95
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	100	65	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	50	10	30	565	285	285
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	7,925	3,635	4,290	56,760	28,790	27,970
In the labour force	4,585	2,255	2,330	40,440	22,365	18,070
Employed	4,185	2,040	2,145	37,630	20,555	17,070
Unemployed	400	220	185	2,810	1,810	995
Not in the labour force	3,340	1,380	1,960	16,325	6,425	9,905
Participation rate	57.9	62.0	54.3	71.2	77.7	64.6
Employment rate	52.8	56.1	50.0	66.3	71.4	61.0
Unemployment rate	8.7	9.8	7.9	6.9	8.1	5.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	7,925	3,635	4,290	56,760	28,790	27,975
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,070	1,240	1,840	13,945	5,455	8,495
Worked	4,850	2,400	2,455	42,820	23,335	19,480
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,515	1,375	1,145	21,625	13,300	8,325
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,335	1,025	1,310	21,195	10,035	11,160
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.0	42.4	42.8	43.8	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	4,585	2,255	2,330	40,435	22,365	18,070
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	100	40	55	395	185	210
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	4,485	2,215	2,270	40,045	22,185	17,860
Employee	4,205	2,055	2,150	31,310	16,375	14,930
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	285	155	125	8,735	5,805	2,925
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	4,585	2,255	2,330	40,435	22,365	18,070
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	100	40	60	390	185	210
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	4,485	2,210	2,275	40,040	22,185	17,860
0 Management occupations	320	180	140	7,330	5,090	2,245
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	585	210	380	5,070	910	4,160
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	165	120	45	1,190	895	295
3 Health occupations	465	75	390	2,405	240	2,165
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	635	175	460	2,980	635	2,345
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	65	25	40	485	105	380
6 Sales and service occupations	1,125	400	730	7,200	2,415	4,780
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	875	825	45	7,640	7,145	490
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	80	55	25	4,215	3,420	795
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	180	150	25	1,535	1,335	205
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	4,590	2,255	2,335	40,435	22,365	18,070
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	100	45	60	390	185	210
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	4,490	2,210	2,275	40,040	22,185	17,860
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	65	40	30	7,035	4,870	2,165
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	30	25	10	4,590	3,955	635
22 Utilities	80	65	20	875	685	190
23 Construction	380	360	20	3,210	2,755	455
31-33 Manufacturing	335	300	35	1,395	1,110	285
41 Wholesale trade	95	80	10	1,385	995	385
44-45 Retail trade	525	215	310	3,830	1,625	2,200
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	215	170	45	1,755	1,295	455
51 Information and cultural industries	75	40	35	480	200	280
52 Finance and insurance	125	20	105	1,120	180	935
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	35	20	405	235	165
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	130	50	75	1,190	505	685
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	10	50	0	45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	160	85	75	840	455	390
61 Educational services	315	80	240	2,050	375	1,675
62 Health care and social assistance	890	135	755	4,115	385	3,725
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	40	50	525	235	290
72 Accommodation and food services	340	140	195	2,015	640	1,380
81 Other services (except public administration)	150	75	70	1,610	885	720
91 Public administration	420	260	165	1,575	790	785
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	4,190	2,040	2,145	37,625	20,555	17,070
Worked at home	170	65	105	7,025	4,250	2,775
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	45	30	15
No fixed workplace address	480	335	140	5,690	4,705	985
Worked at usual place	3,540	1,640	1,900	24,865	11,565	13,300
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,540	1,640	1,900	24,865	11,565	13,305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,200	870	1,330	13,445	5,750	7,695
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	260	145	115	9,575	4,850	4,725
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,065	615	450	1,605	815	790
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	245	150	95
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,015	1,975	2,045	30,560	16,270	14,280
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,140	1,555	1,585	26,475	14,510	11,970
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	260	105	155	1,495	680	815
Public transit	90	40	55	130	75	55
Walked	420	195	230	2,010	765	1,245
Bicycle	40	40	0	170	75	100
Other method	60	40	20	270	165	105
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,015	1,975	2,045	30,560	16,275	14,285
Less than 15 minutes	2,115	895	1,215	16,970	8,060	8,900
15 to 29 minutes	565	265	300	6,565	3,615	2,950
30 to 44 minutes	685	420	265	3,545	2,160	1,385
45 to 59 minutes	450	250	200	1,520	905	620
60 minutes and over	205	140	70	1,960	1,535	425
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,020	1,975	2,045	30,560	16,270	14,285
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	270	175	100	2,405	1,795	610
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	905	595	310	7,125	5,030	2,100
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,090	615	475	9,785	5,260	4,525
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	740	160	575	5,700	1,940	3,760
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	375	145	230	2,065	675	1,395
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	640	290	350	3,475	1,580	1,895
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,010	2,475	2,535	44,030	23,875	20,155
Single responses	5,005	2,475	2,530	43,975	23,855	20,125
Official languages	5,000	2,470	2,530	43,900	23,815	20,080
English	4,985	2,460	2,520	43,845	23,800	20,045
French	20	0	15	50	15	35
Non-official languages	0	10	0	80	35	40
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	80	35	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	55	20	30
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	10
English and non-official language	10	10	0	45	15	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,010	2,475	2,535	44,030	23,875	20,155
None	4,930	2,440	2,495	43,485	23,605	19,885
English	15	0	10	80	30	45
French	35	15	20	105	35	75
Non-official language	30	15	15	360	210	145
Aboriginal	10	0	10	40	15	30
Non-Aboriginal	25	20	10	315	195	120
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	9,465	4,390	5,080	70,030	35,465	34,560
Non-movers	7,945	3,690	4,260	62,250	31,560	30,695
Movers	1,525	700	820	7,775	3,905	3,865
Non-migrants	860	380	475	4,180	2,160	2,015
Migrants	665	320	345	3,600	1,745	1,850
Internal migrants	645	310	340	3,195	1,550	1,640
Intraprovincial migrants	585	275	310	2,375	1,150	1,225
Interprovincial migrants	65	40	25	815	400	420
External migrants	20	10	10	400	190	210
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	9,000	4,175	4,820	66,140	33,445	32,690
Non-movers	5,375	2,505	2,870	43,700	22,260	21,440
Movers	3,625	1,665	1,950	22,440	11,190	11,250
Non-migrants	1,935	905	1,025	9,105	4,585	4,520
Migrants	1,690	765	930	13,335	6,605	6,725
Internal migrants	1,600	725	870	11,080	5,625	5,450
Intraprovincial migrants	1,415	635	785	7,350	3,680	3,675
Interprovincial migrants	180	95	85	3,725	1,945	1,775
External migrants	95	35	55	2,255	980	1,275

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Selkirk, CY [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Souris--Moose Mountain [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 12, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Selkirk, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Souris--Moose Mountain [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Selkirk, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Souris--Moose Mountain [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Selkirk, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Souris--Moose Mountain [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan