Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 14, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Marguerite-D'Youville, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 14, CDR Manitoba [Census division]			Marguerite-D'Youville, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Division No. 14, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : Division No. 14, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Marguerite-D'Youville, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	18,621	...	...	77,550	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	18,497	...	...	74,416	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.7	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,967	...	...	30,532	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,652	...	...	29,942	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	6.6	...	...	224.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,828.75	...	...	346.04	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	18,620	9,585	9,035	77,550	38,475	39,080
0 to 14 years	3,400	1,735	1,670	14,880	7,635	7,245
0 to 4 years	1,080	545	535	4,550	2,335	2,215
5 to 9 years	1,180	615	565	5,360	2,770	2,590
10 to 14 years	1,145	575	570	4,975	2,525	2,450
15 to 64 years	12,395	6,490	5,905	52,045	25,825	26,220
15 to 19 years	1,150	605	540	4,945	2,570	2,375
20 to 24 years	1,120	620	495	4,620	2,340	2,285
25 to 29 years	1,185	665	515	3,975	1,945	2,030
30 to 34 years	1,045	560	490	4,685	2,270	2,420
35 to 39 years	1,085	575	515	5,530	2,675	2,855
40 to 44 years	1,210	600	610	5,490	2,675	2,810
45 to 49 years	1,245	645	600	5,790	2,935	2,855
50 to 54 years	1,580	790	795	6,425	3,165	3,260
55 to 59 years	1,495	750	740	5,950	2,975	2,985
60 to 64 years	1,280	680	600	4,630	2,285	2,345
65 years and over	2,820	1,360	1,460	10,620	5,015	5,610
65 to 69 years	1,025	510	515	3,970	1,950	2,015
70 to 74 years	710	355	350	2,840	1,440	1,395
75 to 79 years	465	230	235	1,790	850	940
80 to 84 years	330	155	170	1,070	465	605
85 years and over	300	110	190	955	300	655
85 to 89 years	205	90	120	640	235	400
90 to 94 years	80	20	60	255	55	195
95 to 99 years	10	5	10	60	10	50
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.3	18.1	18.5	19.2	19.8	18.5
15 to 64 years	66.6	67.7	65.4	67.1	67.1	67.1
65 years and over	15.1	14.2	16.2	13.7	13.0	14.4
85 years and over	1.6	1.1	2.1	1.2	0.8	1.7
Average age of the population	40.2	39.6	40.8	39.1	38.5	39.7
Median age of the population	41.4	40.3	42.3	40.1	39.6	40.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,650	...	...	29,940	...	...
Single-detached house	5,875	...	...	19,070	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	35	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	345	...	...	10,505	...	...
Semi-detached house	85	...	...	2,450	...	...
Row house	55	...	...	505	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...	1,060	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	180	...	...	6,380	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	115	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	400	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,650	...	...	29,940	...	...
1 person	1,365	...	...	6,630	...	...
2 persons	2,575	...	...	10,710	...	...
3 persons	1,100	...	...	5,065	...	...
4 persons	1,060	...	...	5,405	...	...
5 or more persons	555	...	...	2,135	...	...
Number of persons in private households	17,075	...	...	76,225	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	15,220	7,845	7,370	62,670	30,840	31,830
Married or living common law	9,860	5,030	4,830	39,605	19,755	19,850
Married	8,490	4,350	4,140	21,105	10,545	10,565
Living common law	1,365	680	690	18,500	9,215	9,280
Not married and not living common law	5,365	2,820	2,540	23,065	11,080	11,980
Never married	3,490	2,075	1,420	16,560	8,870	7,690
Separated	390	220	165	700	305	395
Divorced	670	345	330	3,325	1,345	1,980
Widowed	805	175	625	2,480	560	1,915
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,245	...	...	22,980	...	...
2 persons	2,680	...	...	10,860	...	...
3 persons	1,095	...	...	5,035	...	...
4 persons	1,015	...	...	5,285	...	...
5 or more persons	460	...	...	1,800	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,245	...	...	22,980	...	...
Total couple families	4,635	...	...	19,525	...	...
Married couples	3,950	...	...	10,300	...	...
Common-law couples	685	...	...	9,220	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	605	...	...	3,455	...	...
Female parent	445	...	...	2,425	...	...
Male parent	165	...	...	1,030	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	4,635	...	...	19,525	...	...
Couples without children	2,295	...	...	8,915	...	...
Couples with children	2,340	...	...	10,610	...	...
1 child	915	...	...	3,820	...	...
2 children	975	...	...	5,030	...	...
3 or more children	450	...	...	1,760	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	610	...	...	3,460	...	...
1 child	380	...	...	1,945	...	...
2 children	180	...	...	1,215	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,950	995	950	8,830	4,420	4,410
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,650	...	...	29,945	...	...
One-census-family households	5,075	...	...	22,435	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,225	...	...	8,665	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,850	...	...	13,770	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	80	...	...	270	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,495	...	...	7,235	...	...
One-person households	1,360	...	...	6,625	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	130	...	...	610	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	17,900	9,000	8,900	77,300	38,400	38,895
English only	17,035	8,635	8,395	160	90	70
French only	5	5	0	44,055	20,620	23,430
English and French	805	335	470	33,015	17,670	15,350
Neither English nor French	60	25	40	70	25	45
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	17,900	9,000	8,900	77,300	38,400	38,895
English	17,600	8,850	8,750	1,330	660	665
French	240	125	115	75,470	37,495	37,975
English and French	5	5	5	445	235	210
Neither English nor French	55	20	35	60	15	45
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	240	125	120	1,550	780	775
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.4	1.3	2.0	2.0	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	17,900	9,000	8,900	77,295	38,405	38,900
Single responses	17,770	8,940	8,830	76,580	38,055	38,530
Official languages	16,150	8,210	7,935	74,710	37,105	37,605
English	15,865	8,070	7,800	1,095	540	555
French	280	145	135	73,615	36,565	37,050
Non-official languages	1,625	730	890	1,870	945	930
Aboriginal languages	20	5	15	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,600	725	880	1,870	945	925
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	335	180	150
Berber languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	20
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	285	160	130
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	0	285	160	125
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	15	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	20	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	0	0	5	5	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	20	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	60	40	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,530	700	835	1,190	600	590
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	265	120	150	110	45	60
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	5	0
Slavic languages	265	120	145	105	50	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Croatian	10	5	5	5	5	5
Czech	5	5	5	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	45	15	30	20	10	15
Russian	5	5	5	25	5	20
Serbian	0	0	5	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	5	0	5	0	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	5	0	5
Ukrainian	185	90	100	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,165	530	635	50	25	25
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	45	20	25	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,080	490	590	25	15	10
Icelandic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	30	25	10
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	45	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	20	5	10	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	40	40	955	480	475
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	10	160	110	50
Portuguese	40	25	20	95	45	50
Romanian	0	0	0	95	50	50
Spanish	25	10	5	600	275	325
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	10	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sign languages	5	5	5	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	80	35	40
Chinese languages	10	5	5	85	40	45
Cantonese	10	5	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	60	30	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	15	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	5	0	5
Hungarian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	125	55	75	715	350	360
English and French	40	10	25	425	205	220
English and non-official language	85	40	45	20	15	10
French and non-official language	5	5	0	220	115	110
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	40	15	25
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	17,900	9,000	8,900	77,300	38,400	38,895
Single responses	17,735	8,910	8,825	76,340	37,935	38,405
Official languages	16,775	8,470	8,305	75,670	37,610	38,060
English	16,745	8,460	8,285	945	480	460
French	30	10	20	74,725	37,125	37,605
Non-official languages	960	435	520	670	325	345
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	960	440	520	665	330	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	75	40	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	75	40	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	0	75	40	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	10	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	925	425	505	465	225	240
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	55	25	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	55	30	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	5	0
Russian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	885	405	480	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	875	400	475	5	5	0
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	25	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	380	185	200
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Portuguese	10	0	0	20	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Spanish	5	0	5	300	145	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	60	25	35
Chinese languages	10	5	5	60	25	35
Cantonese	5	5	0	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	50	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	165	85	75	960	465	490
English and French	15	10	10	420	210	215
English and non-official language	145	75	65	20	10	15
French and non-official language	5	5	0	450	215	235
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	30	35
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	17,900	9,000	8,900	77,295	38,405	38,895
None	16,835	8,510	8,330	71,380	35,385	36,000
English	675	310	360	4,045	2,095	1,950
French	150	65	85	830	410	415
Non-official language	230	110	120	805	395	410
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	220	100	115	805	395	410
English and French	0	0	0	40	25	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	140	65	75
French and non-official language	0	5	0	55	25	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,950	7,000	6,950	61,345	30,395	30,950
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,475	6,775	6,700	59,100	29,320	29,780
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,734	50,846	32,307	41,737	49,769	35,166
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,480	6,780	6,700	59,120	29,320	29,800
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,097	42,522	28,627	35,940	41,570	30,874
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,795	6,535	6,265	55,480	28,110	27,370
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,772	48,512	28,856	38,087	47,283	30,720
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,745	3,700	5,050	40,695	17,785	22,915
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,216	5,493	5,124	6,073	4,834	6,722
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,970	5,815	5,160	47,700	24,505	23,195
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,961	49,911	31,405	39,360	48,219	32,803
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	13,945	6,985	6,960	61,340	30,395	30,945
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,430	6,725	6,700	59,110	29,325	29,785
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,926	58,896	38,917	50,161	59,347	41,117
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,440	6,730	6,715	59,125	29,330	29,800
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,557	46,770	32,330	40,301	46,583	34,118
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,825	6,550	6,270	55,485	28,095	27,385
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,237	56,422	35,603	47,534	57,236	37,580
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,610	3,595	5,020	40,810	17,925	22,885
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,452	7,427	7,470	8,026	7,374	8,537
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,970	5,835	5,130	47,705	24,425	23,280
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,106	55,505	37,551	47,544	55,911	38,768
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	13,945	6,985	6,960	61,340	30,395	30,950
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,200	3,705	2,505	23,300	12,685	10,620
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,509	61,571	46,036	55,133	62,390	46,822
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	60,699	67,380	50,805	63,640	72,152	53,474
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.2	93.0	85.9	89.0	92.4	84.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	78.3	81.6	73.3	76.0	78.1	73.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.8	7.0	14.0	11.0	7.6	15.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	13,950	7,005	6,945	61,345	30,395	30,950
Without total income	475	225	255	2,240	1,075	1,160
With total income	13,475	6,775	6,695	59,105	29,320	29,785
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.7	96.4	96.3	96.5	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,510	610	895	5,975	2,340	3,635
$10,000 to $19,999	1,780	645	1,135	8,035	2,945	5,095
$20,000 to $29,999	1,725	650	1,070	7,020	2,845	4,180
$30,000 to $39,999	1,615	665	950	7,175	3,210	3,965
$40,000 to $49,999	1,510	750	765	7,135	3,385	3,750
$50,000 to $59,999	1,295	720	575	5,855	3,095	2,755
$60,000 to $69,999	1,080	670	410	4,575	2,585	1,990
$70,000 to $79,999	795	490	310	3,855	2,280	1,575
$80,000 to $89,999	625	405	225	2,785	1,750	1,035
$90,000 to $99,999	445	305	140	1,835	1,250	585
$100,000 and over	1,090	870	220	4,845	3,625	1,220
$100,000 to $149,999	810	635	175	3,565	2,640	925
$150,000 and over	285	240	45	1,275	990	295
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,950	7,000	6,950	61,345	30,395	30,950
Without after-tax income	470	225	250	2,220	1,075	1,145
With after-tax income	13,480	6,780	6,700	59,120	29,320	29,800
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.9	96.4	96.4	96.5	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,590	635	960	6,335	2,395	3,940
$10,000 to $19,999	1,910	700	1,210	8,530	3,190	5,340
$20,000 to $29,999	2,180	840	1,335	8,830	3,700	5,130
$30,000 to $39,999	2,045	935	1,110	9,855	4,660	5,195
$40,000 to $49,999	1,845	1,025	815	8,445	4,455	3,995
$50,000 to $59,999	1,380	860	520	6,330	3,650	2,680
$60,000 to $69,999	1,015	635	375	4,410	2,680	1,735
$70,000 to $79,999	605	420	190	2,525	1,735	790
$80,000 and over	905	720	180	3,870	2,860	1,010
$80,000 to $89,999	310	240	70	1,470	1,060	415
$90,000 to $99,999	210	165	45	765	560	200
$100,000 and over	385	320	65	1,635	1,240	395
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	13,950	7,000	6,950	61,340	30,395	30,950
Without employment income	2,975	1,190	1,790	13,635	5,885	7,750
With employment income	10,970	5,815	5,160	47,705	24,510	23,200
Percentage with employment income	78.6	83.1	74.2	77.8	80.6	75.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,320	645	675	5,045	2,565	2,480
$5,000 to $9,999	720	310	405	3,195	1,350	1,845
$10,000 to $19,999	1,205	500	700	5,860	2,365	3,495
$20,000 to $29,999	1,110	430	680	4,920	1,985	2,935
$30,000 to $39,999	1,145	495	645	5,190	2,125	3,065
$40,000 to $49,999	1,095	530	570	4,870	2,280	2,590
$50,000 to $59,999	985	555	435	4,335	2,370	1,965
$60,000 to $69,999	885	555	335	3,480	2,005	1,470
$70,000 to $79,999	680	420	265	3,185	1,865	1,325
$80,000 and over	1,830	1,380	450	7,630	5,605	2,030
$80,000 to $89,999	550	360	190	2,160	1,480	675
$90,000 to $99,999	380	285	95	1,550	1,105	450
$100,000 and over	900	740	160	3,915	3,015	900
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,650	...	...	29,940	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	86,932	...	...	84,387	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,896	...	...	70,016	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,360	...	...	6,625	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,781	...	...	41,588	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,944	...	...	35,365	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	5,290	...	...	23,315	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,211	...	...	99,044	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,043	...	...	81,842	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,650	...	...	29,940	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,769	...	...	99,027	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,932	...	...	79,581	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,360	...	...	6,595	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,308	...	...	47,845	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,209	...	...	39,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	5,295	...	...	23,345	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	111,213	...	...	113,482	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,133	...	...	91,020	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,655	...	...	29,940	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	135	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	175	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	320	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	210	...	...	845	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	180	...	...	715	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	235	...	...	955	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	215	...	...	1,085	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	220	...	...	1,225	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	210	...	...	1,175	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...	2,315	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	455	...	...	2,245	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	2,225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	455	...	...	2,060	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	430	...	...	1,935	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,770	...	...	11,870	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	935	...	...	4,105	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	710	...	...	2,845	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	690	...	...	3,015	...	...
$200,000 and over	430	...	...	1,915	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,650	...	...	29,940	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	155	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	200	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	310	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	200	...	...	705	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	980	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	215	...	...	930	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	285	...	...	1,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	270	...	...	1,430	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	265	...	...	1,520	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...	1,490	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	605	...	...	3,025	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	595	...	...	2,935	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	590	...	...	2,570	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	530	...	...	2,505	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	495	...	...	2,075	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,875	...	...	7,825	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	915	...	...	3,755	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	460	...	...	2,020	...	...
$150,000 and over	505	...	...	2,055	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,200	...	...	22,875	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,248	...	...	99,075	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,085	...	...	81,815	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,175	...	...	8,510	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,077	...	...	81,280	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,808	...	...	67,940	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,365	...	...	10,660	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,339	...	...	127,114	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,360	...	...	103,230	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	565	...	...	3,350	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,848	...	...	64,526	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,997	...	...	55,945	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,195	...	...	22,920	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,316	...	...	113,775	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,149	...	...	91,159	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,150	...	...	8,570	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,120	...	...	95,405	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,098	...	...	76,664	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,355	...	...	10,665	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,737	...	...	141,994	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,314	...	...	112,654	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	575	...	...	3,385	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,656	...	...	73,192	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,457	...	...	61,166	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,630	845	790	7,920	4,015	3,910
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,907	43,520	31,509	39,859	44,666	34,870
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,480	36,736	28,320	34,167	37,366	30,643
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,625	820	805	7,890	4,030	3,855
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	48,378	50,844	45,876	45,285	50,494	39,842
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,951	40,988	36,883	37,187	40,565	33,658
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	17,080	8,620	8,455	76,220	38,030	38,195
In the bottom half of the distribution	6,955	3,350	3,610	30,850	14,805	16,045
In the bottom decile	845	410	430	2,580	1,200	1,375
In the second decile	1,170	500	665	4,520	1,985	2,530
In the third decile	1,350	640	715	6,690	3,200	3,490
In the fourth decile	1,580	775	805	7,930	3,880	4,050
In the fifth decile	2,015	1,020	995	9,135	4,535	4,605
In the top half of the distribution	10,120	5,270	4,850	45,375	23,225	22,150
In the sixth decile	2,185	1,125	1,060	10,320	5,260	5,055
In the seventh decile	2,150	1,115	1,040	10,330	5,265	5,070
In the eighth decile	2,185	1,130	1,055	10,430	5,330	5,105
In the ninth decile	2,150	1,135	1,015	8,435	4,320	4,110
In the top decile	1,455	770	680	5,855	3,055	2,805
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	17,075	8,620	8,455	76,225	38,030	38,195
0 to 17 years	3,755	1,960	1,795	17,780	9,140	8,640
0 to 5 years	1,200	615	590	5,650	2,940	2,715
18 to 64 years	10,780	5,450	5,330	49,085	24,295	24,790
65 years and over	2,545	1,215	1,330	9,355	4,595	4,765
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,430	655	780	4,560	2,005	2,555
0 to 17 years	390	190	205	1,090	555	535
0 to 5 years	125	55	75	320	170	155
18 to 64 years	690	335	355	2,435	1,085	1,350
65 years and over	350	125	220	1,035	365	670
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.4	7.6	9.2	6.0	5.3	6.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.4	9.7	11.4	6.1	6.1	6.2
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	8.9	12.7	5.7	5.8	5.7
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.1	6.7	5.0	4.5	5.4
65 years and over (%)	13.8	10.3	16.5	11.1	7.9	14.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	500	250	245	1,950	895	1,050
0 to 17 years	150	70	80	395	190	210
0 to 5 years	40	20	25	100	45	55
18 to 64 years	310	165	145	1,325	645	675
65 years and over	40	20	20	230	65	165
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	2.9	2.9	2.6	2.4	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	4.0	3.6	4.5	2.2	2.1	2.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.3	4.2	1.8	1.5	2.0
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	3.0	2.7	2.7	2.7	2.7
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.6	1.5	2.5	1.4	3.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	17,080	8,620	8,460	76,220	38,025	38,195
Official languages	17,070	8,620	8,450	76,140	38,000	38,135
English	17,065	8,620	8,450	32,880	17,560	15,320
French	790	330	455	75,970	37,895	38,075
Non-official languages	1,090	485	600	4,770	2,280	2,490
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,070	475	590	4,770	2,280	2,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	460	285	180
Berber languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	435	275	160
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	0	10	430	270	160
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	45	20	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	15	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	10	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	220	105	115
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	30	15	15
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	180	85	95
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	950	415	540	3,565	1,665	1,900
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	305	125	185	140	65	75
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	295	125	175	140	65	70
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatian	10	0	10	15	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	20	45	20	15	10
Russian	10	0	15	75	35	40
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	235	105	135	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	480	200	280	195	95	100
Afrikaans	15	10	10	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	40	25	20	20	20	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	390	160	235	165	80	85
Icelandic	15	0	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	10	0	10	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	25	20	0	75	40	35
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	10	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Pashto	0	0	0	30	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	75	70	3,180	1,470	1,710
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	10	0	10	470	275	195
Portuguese	40	20	15	75	35	40
Romanian	0	0	0	105	50	50
Spanish	95	45	55	2,625	1,180	1,445
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	20	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	130	55	70
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	40	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	65	35	30
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sign languages	20	10	0	95	30	70
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	70	15	55
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	25	15	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	160	75	80
Chinese languages	20	10	10	155	75	80
Cantonese	10	0	10	20	0	15
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	120	60	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	10
Thai	10	10	0	15	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	45	30	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	17,075	8,620	8,455	76,220	38,025	38,195
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	16,820	8,500	8,325	75,415	37,660	37,755
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,780	1,970	1,805	17,670	9,055	8,620
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	13,045	6,520	6,520	57,740	28,605	29,135
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	255	120	135	805	365	440
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	17,080	8,620	8,455	76,220	38,025	38,195
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	16,235	8,230	8,005	73,320	36,575	36,755
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	810	370	440	2,815	1,405	1,410
Before 1981	335	145	195	730	420	315
1981 to 1990	105	50	60	275	140	135
1991 to 2000	105	40	55	460	230	230
2001 to 2010	225	110	110	1,005	465	540
2001 to 2005	140	70	75	525	265	265
2006 to 2010	80	45	40	475	205	270
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	40	15	15	345	155	195
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	35	15	10	85	55	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	810	370	435	2,815	1,405	1,410
Under 5 years	115	40	75	460	220	235
5 to 14 years	210	90	120	520	245	275
15 to 24 years	190	100	85	490	285	205
25 to 44 years	235	95	135	1,210	600	615
45 years and over	60	40	15	130	45	85
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	810	370	435	2,815	1,405	1,410
Americas	135	60	80	735	330	405
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	85	45	40
El Salvador	10	0	0	40	20	15
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	110	55	50
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	15	0	90	30	65
Peru	0	0	0	90	45	50
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	80	30	55	115	60	60
Other places of birth in Americas	20	15	0	190	75	115
Europe	580	270	315	1,040	555	485
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	560	310	250
Germany	85	35	55	25	10	20
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	0	10	65	45	20
Netherlands	40	25	15	10	0	0
Poland	40	20	20	10	10	10
Portugal	25	15	10	15	15	0
Romania	0	0	0	105	50	55
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	30	20	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	330	155	170	40	25	15
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	15	170	75	95
Africa	25	15	10	575	315	260
Algeria	0	0	0	110	50	60
Egypt	10	0	0	20	15	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	170	90	70
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	265	145	120
Asia	65	30	40	470	205	260
Afghanistan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	165	50	115
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	30	20	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	20	10	10	25	15	15
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	30	35
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	10	115	55	60
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	40	20	20	350	150	195
Americas	20	10	10	70	25	45
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	10	0	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	25	10	20
Europe	0	0	0	150	60	90
France	0	0	0	95	35	55
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	35	15	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	70	30	35
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	15	0	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	15	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	35	20	15
Asia	10	0	10	55	30	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	10	25	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	17,075	8,620	8,460	76,220	38,025	38,195
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	905	400	505	3,150	1,550	1,595
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,145	1,010	1,135	3,515	1,825	1,690
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,025	7,205	6,815	69,555	34,650	34,905
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	480	235	250	2,140	1,005	1,130
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	295	155	140	1,100	565	540
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	95	75	15	515	290	225
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	200	75	125	585	275	315
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	155	65	90	720	285	430
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	30	10	15	305	145	160
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	17,075	8,620	8,455	76,225	38,030	38,195
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,595	1,360	1,235	535	280	255
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,540	1,335	1,200	500	260	235
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	395	190	205	200	115	85
Métis	2,145	1,140	995	290	145	150
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	20	25	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	14,485	7,260	7,225	75,685	37,750	37,935
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	17,075	8,620	8,455	76,220	38,030	38,195
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	355	175	180	135	80	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	16,720	8,440	8,280	76,085	37,945	38,145
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	17,075	8,620	8,460	76,225	38,030	38,195
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	375	200	175	410	225	190
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	365	190	175	405	225	180
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	120	55	65	345	200	145
Métis single ancestry	245	135	110	55	25	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,350	1,200	1,145	2,170	1,025	1,145
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,270	1,150	1,120	2,140	1,010	1,130
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	510	250	255	1,860	860	1,000
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,760	895	865	280	150	130
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	80	55	25	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	50	25	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	14,355	7,220	7,135	73,635	36,780	36,865
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	17,080	8,620	8,460	76,225	38,030	38,195
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	240	115	120	2,505	1,255	1,250
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	35	25	15	55	35	15
Chinese	25	10	15	280	100	185
Black	30	10	25	720	340	380
Filipino	45	15	30	35	20	20
Latin American	40	25	15	620	315	305
Arab	15	10	15	390	255	125
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	0	10	205	100	105
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	45	30	20
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Japanese	20	10	10	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	10	0	15	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	110	45	60
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	16,840	8,505	8,335	73,720	36,775	36,945
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	17,080	8,620	8,455	76,220	38,030	38,195
North American Aboriginal origins	2,725	1,400	1,320	2,585	1,250	1,335
First Nations (North American Indian)	715	370	350	2,240	1,070	1,170
Inuit	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis	2,090	1,090	1,000	370	190	185
Other North American origins	4,440	2,310	2,125	57,565	28,665	28,900
Acadian	0	0	0	435	225	210
American	125	75	50	335	170	165
Canadian	4,350	2,260	2,095	55,560	27,655	27,905
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Québécois	0	0	0	1,925	975	945
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	14,685	7,305	7,380	28,020	13,935	14,085
British Isles origins	9,780	5,005	4,775	5,950	2,820	3,130
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	5,805	2,935	2,875	1,145	495	650
Irish	3,670	1,915	1,755	4,015	1,870	2,145
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	5,080	2,515	2,570	1,400	730	670
Welsh	370	210	165	15	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	430	200	225	125	70	60
French origins	2,345	1,085	1,265	21,180	10,505	10,670
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	135	80	60
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,340	1,085	1,260	21,055	10,435	10,625
Western European origins (except French origins)	4,650	2,255	2,395	2,300	1,120	1,180
Austrian	270	145	120	90	40	50
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	320	170	150	815	425	385
Dutch	845	410	440	130	55	75
Flemish	25	10	15	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,560	1,690	1,870	1,075	475	600
Luxembourger	0	0	0	55	20	35
Swiss	100	35	60	220	140	80
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,310	1,155	1,155	95	30	65
Danish	140	70	70	10	0	10
Finnish	30	10	25	15	0	10
Icelandic	1,035	480	555	0	0	0
Norwegian	540	280	255	40	15	25
Swedish	700	360	340	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	40	30	15	25	10	15
Eastern European origins	4,770	2,420	2,345	885	415	480
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Byelorussian	20	10	10	10	0	0
Czech	45	15	30	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	45	20	25	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	185	75	110	70	30	45
Latvian	10	0	15	10	0	0
Lithuanian	60	40	20	15	15	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,480	730	750	360	145	215
Romanian	65	45	25	140	65	75
Russian	380	185	200	110	45	65
Slovak	25	20	10	30	20	10
Ukrainian	3,420	1,720	1,700	165	95	70
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	465	210	255	3,120	1,680	1,435
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatian	10	0	10	50	25	25
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	0	10	145	80	70
Italian	215	80	135	2,335	1,285	1,050
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	160	95	65	220	85	135
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slovenian	15	0	15	0	10	0
Spanish	60	20	35	430	240	190
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	10	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	105	65	35	115	70	50
Basque	0	0	0	30	15	10
Jewish	65	40	20	10	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	25	10	75	40	35
Caribbean origins	60	25	30	460	220	235
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	0	25	0	25
Dominican	10	10	0	50	30	20
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	345	185	160
Jamaican	10	10	10	20	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	20	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	10	15	20	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	70	40	30	900	460	445
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Brazilian	10	0	10	10	10	0
Chilean	0	0	0	65	25	35
Colombian	0	0	0	135	85	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	20	10	0
Mexican	40	30	10	220	100	115
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	180	115	70
Salvadorean	10	10	0	130	85	50
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	10	30	25	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	10
African origins	60	15	45	1,095	585	510
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	275	120	155
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	85	35	55
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	35	20	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	75	40	35
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	15	10
North African origins	20	10	10	675	405	275
Algerian	0	0	0	140	80	55
Berber	0	0	0	55	30	25
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	15	0	70	30	35
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	315	220	105
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	110	50	55
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	0	30	70	30	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	25	15	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	30	0	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	10	105	45	70
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	105	40	65
Asian origins	290	165	125	1,190	530	665
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	105	50	50	560	275	285
Afghan	0	0	0	25	20	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	10	80	45	35
Armenian	0	0	0	85	35	45
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	15	0	15
Israeli	10	0	0	0	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	45	30	15	210	95	110
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Syrian	25	15	10	75	25	45
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	10	0	50	30	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	30	30	10	55	25	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	40	25	20
Goan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	150	80	65	580	235	345
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	55	25	25
Chinese	45	15	35	350	130	225
Filipino	65	25	35	40	25	25
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	35	0	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Laotian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	10	10	0	15	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	130	60	70
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	30	25	10	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,650	...	...	29,945	...	...
Owner	5,985	...	...	24,095	...	...
Renter	670	...	...	5,850	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,650	...	...	29,940	...	...
Condominium	140	...	...	3,345	...	...
Not condominium	6,515	...	...	26,600	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,655	...	...	29,940	...	...
No bedrooms	20	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	280	...	...	1,960	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,195	...	...	7,720	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,990	...	...	12,015	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,170	...	...	8,225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,650	...	...	29,945	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	800	...	...	6,150	...	...
5 rooms	1,075	...	...	4,220	...	...
6 rooms	1,270	...	...	3,730	...	...
7 rooms	1,010	...	...	4,625	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,495	...	...	11,220	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,650	...	...	29,940	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,615	...	...	29,840	...	...
More than 1 person per room	40	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,655	...	...	29,940	...	...
Suitable	6,535	...	...	29,355	...	...
Not suitable	115	...	...	585	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,655	...	...	29,940	...	...
1960 or before	1,340	...	...	2,560	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,940	...	...	8,360	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,095	...	...	5,920	...	...
1991 to 2000	985	...	...	5,905	...	...
2001 to 2005	375	...	...	2,615	...	...
2006 to 2010	445	...	...	2,280	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	485	...	...	2,305	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,650	...	...	29,940	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	6,210	...	...	28,860	...	...
Major repairs needed	440	...	...	1,085	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,655	...	...	29,940	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,605	...	...	15,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,990	...	...	13,875	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	55	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,650	...	...	29,945	...	...
15 to 24 years	125	...	...	560	...	...
25 to 34 years	850	...	...	4,165	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,130	...	...	6,070	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,390	...	...	7,155	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,505	...	...	6,145	...	...
65 to 74 years	995	...	...	4,055	...	...
75 to 84 years	510	...	...	1,515	...	...
85 years and over	135	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,230	...	...	29,795	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,455	...	...	26,000	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	770	...	...	3,800	...	...
30% to less than 100%	690	...	...	3,455	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,580	...	...	23,960	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.0	...	...	69.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.1	...	...	9.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	983	...	...	1,154	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,069	...	...	1,160	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,210	...	...	286,254	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	319,426	...	...	305,648	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	650	...	...	5,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.9	...	...	4.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	31.3	...	...	27.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	754	...	...	771	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	821	...	...	787	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	13,945	6,985	6,960	61,340	30,395	30,950
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,725	1,570	1,160	10,385	5,670	4,715
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,605	2,190	2,415	13,355	6,350	7,005
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,610	3,225	3,385	37,605	18,375	19,225
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,650	1,220	430	11,690	7,160	4,535
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	780	465	315	8,190	4,295	3,890
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	865	760	110	3,505	2,860	640
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,805	1,130	1,675	12,235	5,510	6,725
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	555	265	285	2,520	990	1,530
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,605	610	995	11,155	4,720	6,435
Bachelor's degree	1,195	445	755	7,940	3,200	4,740
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	60	125	950	385	565
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	20	175	75	105
Master's degree	165	85	85	1,825	945	880
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	10	20	260	115	145
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,295	4,660	4,640	42,425	20,800	21,620
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,070	715	355	4,550	2,660	1,890
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,040	1,445	1,595	7,640	3,700	3,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,185	2,500	2,685	30,230	14,445	15,790
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,235	915	315	9,240	5,535	3,705
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	545	310	235	6,510	3,330	3,180
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	690	610	80	2,730	2,205	525
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,210	885	1,325	9,330	4,210	5,115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	400	215	185	1,975	765	1,215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,345	490	860	9,680	3,930	5,750
Bachelor's degree	995	360	630	6,905	2,705	4,200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160	40	120	815	300	515
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	150	55	95
Master's degree	140	65	80	1,595	785	810
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	0	20	220	85	135
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	13,945	6,985	6,960	61,345	30,390	30,945
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,340	3,765	3,570	23,740	12,020	11,720
Education	600	135	470	2,785	550	2,240
13. Education	605	140	470	2,790	545	2,240
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	140	60	75	1,185	505	675
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	35	15	270	220	50
50. Visual and performing arts	90	25	65	915	285	635
Humanities	145	55	90	1,640	585	1,055
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	140	20	120
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	15	45	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	25	30	1,045	390	655
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	25	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	10	40	30	15
54. History	35	10	25	160	70	90
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	175	45	130
Social and behavioural sciences and law	510	155	355	2,785	710	2,075
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	20	15	410	120	285
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	110	10	95	685	25	665
22. Legal professions and studies	125	15	115	520	140	380
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	55	15	40
42. Psychology	80	20	65	540	150	390
45. Social sciences	140	90	50	550	260	285
Business, management and public administration	1,085	295	790	9,165	3,310	5,855
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	125	10	120	375	80	295
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	950	285	660	8,790	3,230	5,560
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	50	75	1,175	675	495
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	20	40	305	120	190
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	25	210	135	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	165	90	80
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	360	260	100
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	130	75	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	95	65	1,445	970	475
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	160	95	65	1,305	930	375
25. Library science	0	0	10	65	15	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	65	20	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,740	1,645	90	9,190	8,440	755
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	270	135	135
14. Engineering	115	110	0	1,280	1,095	190
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	270	240	30	1,970	1,760	210
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	480	475	0	2,225	2,155	65
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	620	585	35	2,120	2,045	80
48. Precision production	245	235	10	1,325	1,245	75
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	365	255	105	620	325	300
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	310	235	75	480	225	255
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	25	30	140	100	45
Health and related fields	1,145	160	985	4,485	720	3,760
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	70	40	35	250	125	125
51. Health professions and related programs	1,070	120	950	4,200	575	3,625
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	30	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	600	315	285	3,125	1,590	1,540
12. Personal and culinary services	265	25	245	1,650	355	1,295
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	145	110	40	770	585	190
49. Transportation and materials moving	180	175	0	685	625	55
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,295	4,660	4,635	42,420	20,800	21,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,110	2,160	1,950	12,190	6,355	5,830
Education	445	95	345	2,070	350	1,715
13. Education	445	95	350	2,070	355	1,710
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	40	55	920	380	545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	20	10	210	170	45
50. Visual and performing arts	65	20	45	710	215	500
Humanities	95	40	55	1,050	390	660
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	110	10	105
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	35	0	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	20	15	590	230	360
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	25	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	0	40	20	15
54. History	15	10	10	110	60	50
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	130	35	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	420	120	300	2,380	570	1,810
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	25	0	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	335	100	240
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	90	10	85	635	25	615
22. Legal professions and studies	105	15	95	420	95	325
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	0	25	10	15
42. Psychology	70	15	60	460	115	345
45. Social sciences	120	80	45	480	230	240
Business, management and public administration	860	230	635	7,765	2,695	5,070
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	100	0	95	335	70	265
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	755	225	530	7,430	2,625	4,805
Physical and life sciences and technologies	105	35	65	765	420	350
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	15	40	255	85	170
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	20	20	135	70	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	275	190	85
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	85	65	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	140	85	60	1,255	835	425
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	80	60	1,145	805	340
25. Library science	0	0	0	50	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	50	15	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,370	1,295	70	7,340	6,685	655
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	210	110	100
14. Engineering	100	95	10	1,115	945	170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	205	175	25	1,605	1,420	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	370	360	0	1,670	1,615	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	530	505	25	1,680	1,605	75
48. Precision production	170	160	15	1,060	995	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	200	100	515	255	255
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	255	190	65	390	175	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	40	10	30	120	80	40
Health and related fields	895	115	780	3,645	575	3,070
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	20	20	215	100	110
51. Health professions and related programs	855	95	760	3,410	460	2,945
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	475	240	230	2,520	1,290	1,230
12. Personal and culinary services	205	15	185	1,310	280	1,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	140	100	40	615	465	150
49. Transportation and materials moving	125	120	10	580	530	55
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	13,945	6,985	6,960	61,340	30,395	30,950
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,335	3,760	3,570	23,740	12,020	11,725
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,610	3,220	3,385	37,600	18,375	19,225
Location of study inside Canada	6,300	3,040	3,260	36,565	17,805	18,765
Same as province or territory of residence	5,620	2,685	2,935	36,025	17,510	18,515
Different than province or territory of residence	680	350	325	545	290	250
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	310	190	125	1,030	570	465
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	80	40	125	90	35
Philippines	0	10	0	20	0	15
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	90	50	35	25	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	50	25	25
France	0	0	0	300	190	110
Other	95	50	50	515	240	275
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,295	4,660	4,635	42,420	20,800	21,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,110	2,160	1,945	12,190	6,360	5,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,185	2,500	2,690	30,225	14,445	15,785
Location of study inside Canada	4,940	2,360	2,580	29,405	14,040	15,365
Same as province or territory of residence	4,385	2,090	2,300	28,975	13,820	15,160
Different than province or territory of residence	550	270	280	430	220	205
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	245	135	110	825	400	425
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	100	70	35	105	70	30
Philippines	10	10	10	15	0	15
India	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	35	20	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	50	20	25
France	0	0	0	220	120	100
Other	75	30	45	425	180	250
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	13,945	6,985	6,960	61,345	30,395	30,945
In the labour force	10,000	5,405	4,595	44,270	22,650	21,630
Employed	9,585	5,120	4,470	42,440	21,565	20,870
Unemployed	415	290	125	1,835	1,080	750
Not in the labour force	3,950	1,580	2,370	17,070	7,750	9,325
Participation rate	71.7	77.4	66.0	72.2	74.5	69.9
Employment rate	68.7	73.3	64.2	69.2	70.9	67.4
Unemployment rate	4.2	5.4	2.7	4.1	4.8	3.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	13,945	6,985	6,960	61,340	30,395	30,950
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,355	1,285	2,070	15,345	6,860	8,485
Worked	10,590	5,705	4,885	45,995	23,535	22,460
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,320	3,780	2,540	23,695	12,950	10,745
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,270	1,920	2,350	22,305	10,585	11,720
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.4	45.5	43.1	44.0	44.3	43.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,000	5,405	4,595	44,270	22,645	21,625
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	20	20	545	300	250
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	9,960	5,390	4,570	43,725	22,350	21,375
Employee	8,745	4,570	4,180	39,040	19,575	19,460
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,215	825	390	4,690	2,775	1,915
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,000	5,405	4,590	44,275	22,645	21,630
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	15	20	545	295	250
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	9,960	5,390	4,570	43,725	22,350	21,375
0 Management occupations	1,260	865	395	4,770	2,995	1,775
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,600	380	1,220	7,635	2,180	5,450
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	520	380	145	3,325	2,540	785
3 Health occupations	680	95	590	2,915	425	2,495
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,325	400	925	5,285	1,330	3,960
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	140	65	70	1,100	495	605
6 Sales and service occupations	1,460	500	960	8,910	3,735	5,180
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,350	2,225	125	7,405	6,915	495
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	370	265	105	410	300	115
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	255	220	40	1,965	1,440	525
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,000	5,405	4,590	44,270	22,645	21,625
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	15	20	545	295	250
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	9,960	5,390	4,570	43,725	22,350	21,375
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	730	520	215	465	260	205
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	75	0	110	90	20
22 Utilities	180	160	20	615	450	160
23 Construction	1,130	1,010	115	3,340	2,890	450
31-33 Manufacturing	705	535	170	5,540	4,005	1,535
41 Wholesale trade	430	315	120	2,310	1,510	800
44-45 Retail trade	880	410	465	5,670	2,580	3,090
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	855	690	165	2,100	1,585	515
51 Information and cultural industries	190	85	105	975	620	360
52 Finance and insurance	285	65	220	1,805	705	1,095
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	45	40	450	245	205
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	300	130	165	2,790	1,445	1,345
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	50	20	30
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	255	150	110	1,605	980	625
61 Educational services	760	195	560	3,120	745	2,380
62 Health care and social assistance	1,240	125	1,115	5,215	765	4,450
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	180	60	120	720	385	335
72 Accommodation and food services	380	85	290	2,165	835	1,335
81 Other services (except public administration)	390	255	135	2,260	1,010	1,250
91 Public administration	910	475	435	2,415	1,225	1,190
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,585	5,120	4,465	42,440	21,565	20,875
Worked at home	885	520	360	2,520	1,210	1,305
Worked outside Canada	40	25	15	70	60	10
No fixed workplace address	1,395	1,105	290	3,850	3,010	840
Worked at usual place	7,265	3,465	3,800	36,000	17,280	18,720
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,265	3,465	3,800	36,005	17,280	18,725
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,420	580	840	7,330	3,310	4,025
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,510	595	915	3,155	1,605	1,550
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,280	2,240	2,040	25,475	12,325	13,145
Commute to a different province or territory	55	45	10	40	40	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	8,660	4,565	4,095	39,850	20,295	19,565
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,750	4,145	3,605	34,205	17,955	16,250
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	470	210	260	1,285	505	780
Public transit	20	0	10	2,605	1,055	1,545
Walked	260	95	165	1,195	475	725
Bicycle	50	25	20	295	170	125
Other method	110	80	30	260	130	140
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	8,660	4,565	4,090	39,855	20,290	19,560
Less than 15 minutes	2,040	855	1,185	8,995	4,165	4,830
15 to 29 minutes	2,110	1,135	970	13,860	6,890	6,970
30 to 44 minutes	2,520	1,450	1,070	9,315	5,015	4,295
45 to 59 minutes	1,320	715	605	4,055	2,175	1,880
60 minutes and over	665	410	260	3,635	2,050	1,580
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	8,660	4,565	4,090	39,850	20,295	19,560
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	655	430	220	3,730	3,000	735
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,280	1,505	775	7,915	4,790	3,125
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,660	1,410	1,245	13,170	5,990	7,175
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,525	560	970	6,595	2,390	4,205
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	560	170	385	2,975	1,035	1,945
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	985	495	490	5,470	3,085	2,385
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	10,845	5,805	5,040	46,835	23,940	22,905
Single responses	10,840	5,805	5,035	45,045	22,980	22,060
Official languages	10,845	5,805	5,035	45,020	22,975	22,045
English	10,820	5,795	5,020	1,545	1,000	550
French	25	10	20	43,475	21,980	21,495
Non-official languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	10	1,790	955	840
English and French	0	0	10	1,750	935	815
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	10,850	5,810	5,045	46,835	23,935	22,900
None	10,705	5,750	4,955	34,085	16,705	17,385
English	20	0	15	11,385	6,370	5,015
French	75	25	45	1,220	785	440
Non-official language	50	30	20	80	35	40
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	50	30	20	80	40	45
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	35	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	16,910	8,540	8,365	75,375	37,645	37,730
Non-movers	15,530	7,895	7,640	68,680	34,485	34,200
Movers	1,375	645	730	6,695	3,160	3,535
Non-migrants	455	195	260	2,800	1,360	1,440
Migrants	925	455	465	3,890	1,795	2,095
Internal migrants	910	440	470	3,845	1,785	2,060
Intraprovincial migrants	800	395	405	3,780	1,760	2,025
Interprovincial migrants	110	45	65	65	25	35
External migrants	15	15	0	45	10	35
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	16,110	8,120	7,990	71,595	35,740	35,855
Non-movers	11,685	5,945	5,740	50,105	25,240	24,865
Movers	4,425	2,175	2,250	21,490	10,500	10,990
Non-migrants	1,550	785	765	8,960	4,375	4,585
Migrants	2,875	1,390	1,490	12,530	6,120	6,410
Internal migrants	2,820	1,360	1,460	12,195	5,975	6,220
Intraprovincial migrants	2,460	1,185	1,275	12,020	5,880	6,135
Interprovincial migrants	365	180	185	175	95	85
External migrants	55	30	25	335	145	185

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 14, CDR [Census division], Manitoba and Marguerite-D'Youville, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 14, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Marguerite-D'Youville, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 14, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Marguerite-D'Youville, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 14, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Marguerite-D'Youville, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec