Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 17, CDR Manitoba [Census division]			Picture Butte, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	22,205	...	...	1,810	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	22,208	...	...	1,650	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.0	...	...	9.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	11,646	...	...	706	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,459	...	...	672	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.6	...	...	635.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	13,641.15	...	...	2.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	22,205	10,655	11,555	1,810	915	895
0 to 14 years	3,995	2,000	1,995	415	210	205
0 to 4 years	1,260	645	610	155	90	70
5 to 9 years	1,395	685	715	160	80	80
10 to 14 years	1,340	670	670	100	45	55
15 to 64 years	12,795	6,200	6,595	1,075	565	515
15 to 19 years	1,340	655	685	130	80	50
20 to 24 years	1,030	510	520	140	75	65
25 to 29 years	1,065	530	530	120	60	60
30 to 34 years	1,035	495	545	130	65	65
35 to 39 years	1,150	540	610	95	45	50
40 to 44 years	1,140	565	575	95	60	40
45 to 49 years	1,245	590	655	90	45	45
50 to 54 years	1,440	695	745	90	50	40
55 to 59 years	1,670	795	875	100	45	50
60 to 64 years	1,690	835	855	95	40	45
65 years and over	5,415	2,450	2,960	315	145	170
65 to 69 years	1,535	760	770	90	40	45
70 to 74 years	1,255	615	635	65	35	25
75 to 79 years	985	455	530	50	20	30
80 to 84 years	760	325	440	55	25	30
85 years and over	875	295	580	60	20	40
85 to 89 years	500	175	325	35	15	25
90 to 94 years	270	100	170	15	5	15
95 to 99 years	95	15	80	5	0	5
100 years and over	15	5	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.0	18.8	17.3	22.9	23.0	22.9
15 to 64 years	57.6	58.2	57.1	59.4	61.7	57.5
65 years and over	24.4	23.0	25.6	17.4	15.8	19.0
85 years and over	3.9	2.8	5.0	3.3	2.2	4.5
Average age of the population	44.1	43.1	45.1	37.5	36.2	38.9
Median age of the population	46.5	45.3	47.5	33.9	32.4	35.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
Single-detached house	7,805	...	...	530	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	80	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,135	...	...	75	...	...
Semi-detached house	120	...	...	25	...	...
Row house	205	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	85	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	715	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	440	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
1 person	3,230	...	...	185	...	...
2 persons	3,490	...	...	235	...	...
3 persons	1,060	...	...	95	...	...
4 persons	975	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	695	...	...	95	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,235	...	...	1,745	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	18,210	8,645	9,560	1,395	705	685
Married or living common law	10,400	5,200	5,200	865	435	435
Married	8,725	4,365	4,360	770	385	385
Living common law	1,680	830	840	95	45	45
Not married and not living common law	7,810	3,450	4,355	525	275	255
Never married	4,480	2,430	2,055	315	200	115
Separated	400	165	245	30	15	20
Divorced	1,045	490	555	75	40	40
Widowed	1,880	375	1,510	105	20	85
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,095	...	...	480	...	...
2 persons	3,565	...	...	240	...	...
3 persons	1,045	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	910	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	580	...	...	90	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,095	...	...	480	...	...
Total couple families	5,030	...	...	420	...	...
Married couples	4,190	...	...	380	...	...
Common-law couples	835	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,065	...	...	55	...	...
Female parent	870	...	...	45	...	...
Male parent	195	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,030	...	...	425	...	...
Couples without children	2,965	...	...	205	...	...
Couples with children	2,065	...	...	215	...	...
1 child	780	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	790	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more children	500	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,060	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	600	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	265	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	200	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,150	1,995	2,150	235	125	110
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,455	...	...	670	...	...
One-census-family households	5,890	...	...	470	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,905	...	...	200	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,985	...	...	270	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	100	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,470	...	...	195	...	...
One-person households	3,235	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	235	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	21,750	10,470	11,270	1,780	905	870
English only	20,240	9,775	10,470	1,725	875	850
French only	10	0	5	0	0	0
English and French	1,445	670	775	20	15	10
Neither English nor French	45	25	20	30	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	21,745	10,475	11,270	1,775	905	870
English	21,120	10,175	10,945	1,735	885	855
French	570	270	300	10	10	0
English and French	20	5	10	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	40	20	20	30	15	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	580	275	305	10	10	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.7	2.6	2.7	0.6	1.1	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	21,745	10,470	11,270	1,775	905	870
Single responses	21,410	10,305	11,105	1,760	900	860
Official languages	18,845	9,165	9,680	1,260	655	610
English	18,190	8,865	9,330	1,250	650	600
French	655	305	350	15	5	5
Non-official languages	2,565	1,145	1,420	495	240	255
Aboriginal languages	495	220	275	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	490	220	270	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	470	210	255	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	470	215	255	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,075	920	1,150	495	240	255
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	10	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	55	60	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	45	50	15	10	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,825	805	1,020	455	225	230
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,415	605	810	10	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,415	605	810	15	5	10
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	30	25	0	0	5
Russian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,325	560	760	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	310	145	160	395	195	205
Afrikaans	10	5	5	5	5	0
Danish	5	0	5	0	5	0
Dutch	35	15	20	145	70	75
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	245	125	125	245	120	125
Icelandic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	15	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	35	20	15	5	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	25	30	45	25	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	40	25	20	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	5	0	0
Chinese languages	40	20	20	5	0	5
Cantonese	15	10	5	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	10	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	10	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	335	165	170	20	10	10
English and French	60	35	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	270	130	135	20	10	10
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	21,750	10,475	11,275	1,775	905	870
Single responses	21,175	10,220	10,955	1,710	870	845
Official languages	20,680	9,985	10,695	1,485	765	720
English	20,575	9,930	10,645	1,490	765	720
French	105	55	55	0	0	0
Non-official languages	495	235	260	225	105	120
Aboriginal languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	135	65	70	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	130	60	65	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	125	60	70	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	360	170	185	225	105	120
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	25	20	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	235	105	130	210	95	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	65	90	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	160	65	90	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	130	50	80	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	15	20	170	80	90
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	20	15	160	75	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	5	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	30	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	15	5	0	0
Chinese languages	25	15	10	5	0	0
Cantonese	15	5	5	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	570	250	315	65	35	30
English and French	40	25	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	525	225	295	65	35	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	21,745	10,475	11,275	1,780	905	870
None	20,175	9,785	10,390	1,535	795	735
English	250	115	130	80	35	45
French	320	140	185	0	0	0
Non-official language	985	425	560	160	75	85
Aboriginal	245	105	135	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	745	320	420	160	75	85
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,255	8,320	8,935	1,330	680	645
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,660	8,020	8,640	1,255	650	610
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,319	33,052	26,864	35,328	49,493	24,096
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,665	8,020	8,645	1,255	650	610
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,893	29,468	25,088	32,256	43,328	23,232
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,680	7,240	7,445	1,120	615	510
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,176	30,263	23,005	36,544	48,512	21,152
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,140	5,880	7,255	805	330	475
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,049	7,817	8,269	7,536	5,232	8,168
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,905	6,090	5,815	970	560	410
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,887	28,992	25,224	38,016	49,024	25,024
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	17,255	8,320	8,940	1,360	695	665
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,700	8,045	8,655	1,275	650	625
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,591	40,441	33,014	41,678	49,964	33,026
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,710	8,045	8,665	1,270	650	625
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,153	33,673	28,814	36,505	42,856	29,873
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,680	7,220	7,465	1,180	595	585
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,658	38,425	29,049	38,788	49,006	28,303
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,000	5,790	7,215	790	315	475
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,992	8,290	9,555	9,287	10,227	8,661
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,905	6,125	5,780	970	520	455
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,864	36,918	30,627	41,119	50,878	29,983
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	17,255	8,315	8,940	1,355	700	660
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,470	3,000	2,465	460	285	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	41,631	44,628	39,022	51,962	54,959	47,538
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,875	48,765	44,573	56,608	61,588	48,464
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.1	84.9	76.9	86.8	92.2	78.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.3	69.3	62.9	75.4	80.6	66.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.8	15.1	23.1	13.1	8.1	22.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	17,255	8,315	8,940	1,330	680	645
Without total income	595	295	295	70	35	40
With total income	16,660	8,020	8,645	1,260	650	610
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.5	96.7	94.7	95.6	94.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,295	1,105	1,190	145	40	105
$10,000 to $19,999	3,335	1,425	1,910	210	80	135
$20,000 to $29,999	2,845	1,195	1,650	200	75	130
$30,000 to $39,999	2,260	965	1,295	135	70	70
$40,000 to $49,999	1,900	930	975	135	75	65
$50,000 to $59,999	1,250	705	540	140	95	45
$60,000 to $69,999	865	540	325	90	70	25
$70,000 to $79,999	610	365	245	70	60	10
$80,000 to $89,999	425	220	200	45	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	240	145	95	35	25	10
$100,000 and over	645	425	215	55	40	15
$100,000 to $149,999	490	320	170	45	30	15
$150,000 and over	155	105	50	10	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	17,255	8,315	8,940	1,330	685	650
Without after-tax income	595	300	295	75	30	40
With after-tax income	16,665	8,020	8,645	1,260	650	605
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.5	96.7	94.7	94.9	93.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,360	1,130	1,235	145	40	110
$10,000 to $19,999	3,555	1,530	2,025	225	85	140
$20,000 to $29,999	3,370	1,425	1,945	225	90	130
$30,000 to $39,999	2,660	1,210	1,445	175	85	85
$40,000 to $49,999	1,915	1,050	865	180	110	65
$50,000 to $59,999	1,130	695	430	130	100	30
$60,000 to $69,999	710	385	325	70	55	15
$70,000 to $79,999	400	235	165	55	40	20
$80,000 and over	565	365	200	55	40	15
$80,000 to $89,999	230	150	75	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	110	70	45	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	225	145	85	25	20	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	17,255	8,320	8,940	1,330	685	645
Without employment income	5,350	2,225	3,125	360	125	235
With employment income	11,905	6,090	5,815	970	560	410
Percentage with employment income	69.0	73.2	65.0	72.9	81.8	63.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,050	1,100	950	115	50	65
$5,000 to $9,999	1,090	485	600	65	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	1,680	815	860	130	55	75
$20,000 to $29,999	1,610	710	905	95	40	50
$30,000 to $39,999	1,420	620	800	105	55	55
$40,000 to $49,999	1,215	650	570	110	70	45
$50,000 to $59,999	795	445	345	90	65	30
$60,000 to $69,999	565	355	215	75	65	10
$70,000 to $79,999	470	270	195	60	55	10
$80,000 and over	1,010	645	365	110	80	30
$80,000 to $89,999	340	195	150	45	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	185	115	70	25	20	10
$100,000 and over	485	340	145	45	35	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	50,775	...	...	69,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,874	...	...	59,648	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,230	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,197	...	...	32,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,716	...	...	30,272	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,225	...	...	490	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,178	...	...	82,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,400	...	...	72,499	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,605	...	...	79,054	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,030	...	...	69,243	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,230	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,202	...	...	41,606	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,624	...	...	36,536	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,225	...	...	480	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,401	...	...	93,877	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,230	...	...	82,189	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
Under $5,000	165	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	305	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	685	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	655	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	550	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	585	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	545	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	485	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	490	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	795	...	...	65	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	675	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	605	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	510	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	445	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,775	...	...	170	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	735	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	445	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	380	...	...	45	...	...
$200,000 and over	220	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	200	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	315	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	715	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	730	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	625	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	675	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	620	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	565	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	535	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	890	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	780	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	650	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	495	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	395	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,095	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	565	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	285	...	...	35	...	...
$150,000 and over	245	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,085	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,864	...	...	81,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,106	...	...	72,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,850	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,259	...	...	75,264	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,984	...	...	66,048	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,095	...	...	220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,030	...	...	89,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	80,314	...	...	79,360	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	985	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,600	...	...	58,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,637	...	...	55,936	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,070	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,798	...	...	93,343	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,691	...	...	81,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,855	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,356	...	...	75,717	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,453	...	...	67,641	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,070	...	...	225	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,103	...	...	114,908	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,599	...	...	98,897	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,015	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,343	...	...	57,542	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,859	...	...	53,539	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,655	1,745	1,910	220	110	110
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,996	28,160	24,752	33,024	39,808	27,712
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,533	25,600	23,904	30,464	35,541	26,304
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,705	1,810	1,900	220	105	110
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,175	36,064	32,373	41,173	43,962	38,550
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,569	30,460	28,720	36,083	37,591	34,665
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	21,235	10,310	10,930	1,745	895	855
In the bottom half of the distribution	13,830	6,560	7,275	1,035	505	530
In the bottom decile	3,290	1,565	1,720	100	45	50
In the second decile	3,455	1,545	1,905	225	100	125
In the third decile	2,595	1,240	1,355	265	130	135
In the fourth decile	2,310	1,125	1,190	270	150	125
In the fifth decile	2,185	1,075	1,110	175	85	85
In the top half of the distribution	7,405	3,750	3,650	715	390	325
In the sixth decile	2,045	1,035	1,000	185	95	85
In the seventh decile	1,730	875	855	155	85	70
In the eighth decile	1,610	805	810	160	90	70
In the ninth decile	1,210	610	600	110	60	50
In the top decile	810	425	385	105	55	45
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	19,895	9,700	10,200	1,745	890	855
0 to 17 years	4,210	2,100	2,105	495	260	240
0 to 5 years	1,335	670	660	195	105	90
18 to 64 years	11,035	5,365	5,665	995	510	480
65 years and over	4,655	2,230	2,425	260	125	135
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,375	2,035	2,340	200	90	110
0 to 17 years	1,180	605	575	70	30	40
0 to 5 years	470	250	220	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	2,010	940	1,075	100	50	50
65 years and over	1,185	490	695	30	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.0	21.0	22.9	11.5	10.1	12.9
0 to 17 years (%)	28.0	28.8	27.3	14.1	11.5	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	35.2	37.3	33.3	12.8	14.3	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	18.2	17.5	19.0	10.1	9.8	10.4
65 years and over (%)	25.5	22.0	28.7	11.5	8.0	18.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,270	645	620	60	25	30
0 to 17 years	335	170	165	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	130	70	60	0	0	5
18 to 64 years	840	435	400	35	20	15
65 years and over	95	40	55	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.4	6.6	6.1	3.4	2.8	3.5
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	8.1	7.8	4.0	3.8	4.2
0 to 5 years (%)	9.7	10.4	9.1	0.0	0.0	5.6
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	8.1	7.1	3.5	3.9	3.1
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.8	2.3	0.0	0.0	3.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	21,235	10,310	10,925	1,745	895	855
Official languages	21,210	10,295	10,920	1,740	890	845
English	21,205	10,295	10,915	1,740	890	845
French	1,405	670	735	15	10	0
Non-official languages	2,905	1,400	1,505	405	205	200
Aboriginal languages	660	305	345	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	655	305	340	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	50	25	30	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	20	25	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	605	285	320	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	600	290	315	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,250	1,090	1,160	405	205	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	10	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	60	60	10	0	10
Bikol	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	65	55	10	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	70	50	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	70	45	20	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,955	935	1,015	365	190	180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,495	700	790	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,490	700	790	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	10	0	10
Russian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,460	685	775	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	335	155	185	330	170	160
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	10	0	10	10	0
Dutch	30	10	20	230	105	120
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	275	140	140	100	60	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	65	45	25	15	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	65	45	20	15	0	10
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	40	30	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	40	30	30	30	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	60	35	25	30	30	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	0	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	20	10	10	0	10
Chinese languages	30	20	10	15	10	10
Cantonese	25	20	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	15	10	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	21,235	10,310	10,930	1,745	895	855
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	20,860	10,090	10,775	1,635	825	810
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,725	2,380	2,345	495	265	225
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	16,130	7,705	8,430	1,145	560	585
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	380	225	155	115	65	45
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	21,235	10,310	10,925	1,750	895	855
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	20,460	9,900	10,555	1,415	725	695
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	715	360	350	300	155	145
Before 1981	245	110	130	125	60	65
1981 to 1990	60	30	35	75	35	40
1991 to 2000	85	35	45	55	30	30
2001 to 2010	150	90	60	20	20	0
2001 to 2005	70	45	25	10	0	0
2006 to 2010	80	45	35	15	15	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	175	95	80	20	15	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	65	50	20	30	15	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	715	365	355	300	155	145
Under 5 years	95	45	45	60	20	40
5 to 14 years	135	80	60	55	15	40
15 to 24 years	110	60	50	70	55	15
25 to 44 years	335	155	180	85	55	35
45 years and over	40	25	20	35	15	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	715	360	355	300	155	150
Americas	90	45	45	70	50	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	40	30	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	85	45	40	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	0	0	0
Europe	330	165	170	185	85	95
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	75	30	40	10	10	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	10	10	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	20	0	10	135	60	75
Poland	35	15	20	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	100	65	40	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	10	0	0
Africa	30	10	20	20	0	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	20	10	15
Asia	265	145	120	30	15	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	75	45	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Philippines	115	55	60	15	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	170	90	85	20	10	0
Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	20	15	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	145	75	65	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	55	35	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Philippines	65	35	35	15	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	21,235	10,305	10,930	1,750	895	855
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	820	425	390	350	185	165
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,320	1,050	1,270	520	240	275
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	18,100	8,830	9,270	880	465	415
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	470	245	225	180	90	85
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	360	205	160	115	55	60
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	160	120	40	60	45	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	200	85	115	60	10	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	90	35	55	55	30	25
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	21,240	10,305	10,930	1,750	890	855
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,345	2,990	3,350	55	30	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,195	2,935	3,260	50	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,260	1,535	1,730	20	10	10
Métis	2,930	1,395	1,535	30	20	10
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	135	55	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	14,895	7,315	7,575	1,695	865	835
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	21,235	10,310	10,925	1,745	895	855
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,260	1,555	1,705	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	17,975	8,755	9,225	1,750	890	855
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	21,240	10,305	10,930	1,745	895	855
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,940	1,365	1,575	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,770	1,285	1,485	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,205	1,005	1,200	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	565	280	290	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	170	80	90	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	170	80	90	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,945	1,350	1,590	90	45	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,655	1,230	1,420	90	45	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	805	440	370	25	10	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,845	795	1,055	65	35	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	295	120	165	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	290	120	170	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	15,350	7,585	7,765	1,650	840	805
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	21,240	10,305	10,930	1,745	895	855
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	400	215	185	90	45	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	130	85	40	10	10	0
Chinese	35	20	15	10	0	10
Black	25	10	20	0	0	0
Filipino	140	70	70	10	0	10
Latin American	30	20	10	20	15	10
Arab	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	20,835	10,090	10,745	1,655	850	810
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	21,235	10,310	10,930	1,750	890	850
North American Aboriginal origins	5,885	2,720	3,160	95	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,470	1,645	1,825	20	10	15
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	2,875	1,275	1,595	75	45	30
Other North American origins	4,710	2,255	2,460	280	130	150
Acadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
American	130	70	60	35	15	15
Canadian	4,605	2,195	2,415	250	115	135
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	15,690	7,630	8,060	1,530	790	740
British Isles origins	7,805	3,750	4,050	590	300	290
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,845	2,285	2,560	345	160	180
Irish	2,880	1,405	1,475	190	95	95
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,915	1,825	2,085	265	150	115
Welsh	300	145	150	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	175	70	100	35	15	20
French origins	3,290	1,475	1,815	70	20	45
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,290	1,475	1,815	70	20	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,830	1,850	1,980	1,025	535	485
Austrian	245	155	85	15	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	470	240	230	15	10	10
Dutch	610	265	345	670	345	325
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,825	1,325	1,500	340	200	145
Luxembourger	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	55	30	30	25	20	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,220	640	580	145	70	75
Danish	140	100	40	45	10	30
Finnish	85	40	45	10	10	0
Icelandic	495	230	265	0	0	10
Norwegian	395	215	185	50	40	15
Swedish	190	80	105	45	20	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	15	0	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	7,380	3,635	3,740	195	95	95
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	65	30	30	20	10	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	35	25	10	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	105	65	40	50	30	15
Latvian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,830	855	975	30	0	25
Romanian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Russian	295	170	125	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	40	25	20
Ukrainian	6,495	3,185	3,310	55	25	30
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	180	100	80	55	55	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	0	10	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	30	30	0
Italian	110	55	55	10	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	35	25	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	40	15	25	10	0	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	0	20	15	0	10
Caribbean origins	10	10	10	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	40	15	30	30	20	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	15	10	10	30	20	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	20	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	50	20	25	10	10	10
Central and West African origins	0	0	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	20	0	15	10	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	30	15	10	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Asian origins	385	205	180	120	60	60
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	0	10	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	0	10	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	130	90	40	20	10	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	115	75	40	20	10	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	15	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	250	115	135	90	45	45
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	60	25	35	10	0	10
Filipino	145	70	75	30	10	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	15	0	50	30	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	35	15	25	0	0	0
Australian	10	0	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
Owner	6,890	...	...	560	...	...
Renter	2,195	...	...	110	...	...
Band housing	370	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
Condominium	125	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	9,335	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
No bedrooms	80	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	885	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,535	...	...	135	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,430	...	...	230	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,535	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,460	...	...	675	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,995	...	...	120	...	...
5 rooms	1,800	...	...	80	...	...
6 rooms	1,725	...	...	60	...	...
7 rooms	1,270	...	...	90	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,670	...	...	320	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,360	...	...	665	...	...
More than 1 person per room	100	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,460	...	...	675	...	...
Suitable	9,130	...	...	655	...	...
Not suitable	330	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
1960 or before	3,015	...	...	165	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,690	...	...	200	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,130	...	...	105	...	...
1991 to 2000	650	...	...	75	...	...
2001 to 2005	265	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	365	...	...	75	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	335	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	8,310	...	...	645	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,145	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,460	...	...	675	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,425	...	...	460	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,960	...	...	210	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	75	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,460	...	...	670	...	...
15 to 24 years	355	...	...	40	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,030	...	...	115	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,315	...	...	110	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,585	...	...	95	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,915	...	...	125	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,630	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,130	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	505	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,270	...	...	670	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,070	...	...	580	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,200	...	...	95	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,070	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,115	...	...	560	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	43.4	...	...	54.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.3	...	...	11.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	532	...	...	748	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	710	...	...	975	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,597	...	...	250,337	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	162,475	...	...	278,843	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,170	...	...	110	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	24.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	29.3	...	...	31.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	588	...	...	994	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	641	...	...	1,000	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	17,255	8,315	8,940	1,360	700	660
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,485	2,950	2,540	420	205	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,850	2,440	2,410	400	195	205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,920	2,925	3,990	535	295	240
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,505	955	545	170	135	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	775	390	385	45	30	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	730	570	160	125	100	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,190	1,035	2,160	250	115	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	505	180	325	15	10	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,720	755	965	105	40	65
Bachelor's degree	1,260	520	740	70	25	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	180	75	105	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	40	25	10	10	0
Master's degree	195	105	90	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,150	4,830	5,315	790	390	405
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,005	1,195	810	140	55	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,155	1,630	1,515	250	125	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,985	2,005	2,980	405	210	195
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	860	550	310	100	75	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	440	235	205	25	15	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	420	315	100	75	65	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,375	770	1,605	190	80	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	375	135	235	15	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,375	545	830	95	45	55
Bachelor's degree	1,040	395	645	65	25	40
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	40	65	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	35	25	15	10	10
Master's degree	160	70	85	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	0	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	17,255	8,315	8,940	1,360	700	660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	10,335	5,390	4,950	825	405	420
Education	780	210	565	30	0	25
13. Education	780	210	570	25	10	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	25	60	20	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	15	45	10	0	10
Humanities	205	80	125	15	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	40	15	25	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	90	30	55	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	30	35	0	0	0
54. History	10	10	0	0	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	480	140	335	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	205	10	205	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	100	40	55	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	65	20	40	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	80	60	20	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	1,255	305	955	100	40	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	150	15	135	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,100	285	820	90	35	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	20	80	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	0	35	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	15	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	25	25	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	20	20	10	0	0
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,330	1,280	55	160	155	10
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	100	100	0	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	210	185	20	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	370	355	15	55	50	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	500	505	0	40	40	0
48. Precision production	140	125	15	50	45	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	445	335	110	50	50	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	385	290	95	45	45	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	40	20	0	0	10
Health and related fields	1,715	260	1,455	95	15	85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	20	15	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,680	240	1,440	95	15	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	475	255	225	35	20	15
12. Personal and culinary services	280	75	195	20	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	90	75	20	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	100	95	10	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,145	4,830	5,310	795	390	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,160	2,830	2,330	390	180	205
Education	535	135	400	30	0	20
13. Education	535	135	395	25	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	20	55	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	55	15	40	10	0	10
Humanities	155	55	105	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	20	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	20	45	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	60	30	35	0	0	0
54. History	0	0	0	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	390	90	295	25	10	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	170	10	165	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	95	35	55	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	40	0	35	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	60	40	20	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	960	240	720	90	30	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	15	125	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	820	225	595	80	35	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	0	75	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	0	35	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	40	25	15	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	10	0	0	0
25. Library science	10	0	10	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	835	805	35	105	100	0
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	60	60	0	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	130	120	10	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	215	205	15	30	25	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	335	335	0	40	35	0
48. Precision production	90	75	10	30	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	345	255	90	40	35	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	295	215	75	35	40	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	50	40	15	0	0	10
Health and related fields	1,270	220	1,055	80	15	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,240	200	1,045	75	15	65
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	295	155	145	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	165	40	125	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	60	50	15	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	60	0	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	17,255	8,315	8,935	1,360	700	660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,335	5,390	4,950	825	405	420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,920	2,925	3,990	535	295	235
Location of study inside Canada	6,525	2,715	3,805	465	250	215
Same as province or territory of residence	5,540	2,225	3,320	390	205	180
Different than province or territory of residence	985	495	490	70	40	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	395	210	185	70	45	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	85	60	30	10	0	0
Philippines	70	30	40	10	10	0
India	75	50	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	15	25	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	125	50	75	50	35	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,145	4,835	5,315	795	390	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,160	2,830	2,330	390	185	205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,990	2,005	2,980	400	210	195
Location of study inside Canada	4,700	1,845	2,850	350	165	185
Same as province or territory of residence	4,025	1,535	2,490	300	145	155
Different than province or territory of residence	675	315	360	50	20	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	285	155	130	55	45	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	30	10	0	10	0
Philippines	55	25	30	10	0	0
India	70	50	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	10	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	90	40	50	40	35	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	17,255	8,315	8,940	1,360	700	660
In the labour force	10,130	5,205	4,925	835	480	360
Employed	9,420	4,725	4,700	790	450	340
Unemployed	705	480	225	40	30	15
Not in the labour force	7,125	3,110	4,015	525	220	300
Participation rate	58.7	62.6	55.1	61.4	68.6	54.5
Employment rate	54.6	56.8	52.6	58.1	64.3	51.5
Unemployment rate	7.0	9.2	4.6	4.8	6.2	4.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	17,255	8,315	8,940	1,360	700	660
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,260	2,665	3,590	425	185	245
Worked	10,995	5,650	5,350	930	515	415
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,675	3,105	2,575	475	295	180
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,320	2,550	2,770	455	220	240
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	42.2	43.1	43.2	44.3	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,130	5,205	4,925	835	475	360
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	150	85	65	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	9,980	5,120	4,860	835	475	355
Employee	7,990	3,765	4,220	685	375	305
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,995	1,355	640	155	100	55
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,130	5,210	4,925	835	480	360
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	150	85	65	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	9,980	5,120	4,860	840	475	360
0 Management occupations	1,730	1,215	515	90	60	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,135	220	920	115	10	105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	240	175	70	20	15	10
3 Health occupations	965	195	770	40	10	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,425	425	1,000	65	20	45
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	115	45	70	0	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	2,170	880	1,285	165	75	90
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,405	1,325	80	240	215	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	680	550	135	70	60	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	115	95	15	30	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,130	5,205	4,930	835	475	360
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	150	90	65	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	9,980	5,120	4,860	835	480	360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,620	1,210	405	130	85	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	105	110	0	10	10	0
22 Utilities	75	65	15	0	10	0
23 Construction	555	475	80	95	90	10
31-33 Manufacturing	145	125	15	70	55	20
41 Wholesale trade	230	170	55	20	15	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,290	640	650	105	40	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	365	285	85	70	50	20
51 Information and cultural industries	110	75	35	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	405	95	310	15	0	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	70	55	15	10	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	250	135	115	25	0	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	175	110	70	25	15	15
61 Educational services	825	295	530	60	25	35
62 Health care and social assistance	1,940	340	1,595	65	10	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	150	85	65	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	550	235	320	40	15	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	360	210	155	30	25	10
91 Public administration	760	415	345	40	10	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,425	4,725	4,700	795	445	345
Worked at home	1,580	1,030	545	55	25	30
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,010	725	285	150	125	25
Worked at usual place	6,830	2,960	3,865	590	300	290
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,830	2,960	3,865	585	300	290
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,805	1,630	2,175	230	105	125
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,535	1,045	1,490	330	185	145
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	445	250	190	25	10	15
Commute to a different province or territory	40	35	10	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	7,835	3,685	4,150	735	420	315
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,425	3,075	3,350	670	395	280
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	380	175	210	25	10	10
Public transit	45	25	20	0	0	10
Walked	845	330	515	30	10	20
Bicycle	65	40	20	0	0	0
Other method	80	50	30	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	7,840	3,690	4,150	735	420	310
Less than 15 minutes	4,800	2,155	2,640	360	215	145
15 to 29 minutes	1,655	785	870	190	110	80
30 to 44 minutes	770	370	405	155	70	85
45 to 59 minutes	325	190	135	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	285	190	95	15	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	7,835	3,685	4,150	735	425	315
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	240	170	70	65	50	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,085	635	450	180	135	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,370	1,315	1,050	195	125	70
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,475	825	1,645	135	40	95
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	650	255	390	90	40	50
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,020	480	540	70	40	30
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,355	5,810	5,535	945	525	420
Single responses	11,295	5,785	5,510	945	520	420
Official languages	11,280	5,775	5,505	940	520	420
English	11,235	5,765	5,475	935	520	415
French	40	10	25	0	0	0
Non-official languages	15	10	10	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	30	25	0	0	0
English and French	30	15	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,355	5,815	5,540	945	525	420
None	10,965	5,640	5,325	925	520	405
English	50	15	30	10	10	0
French	130	60	70	10	0	0
Non-official language	210	100	115	0	0	0
Aboriginal	95	50	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	110	45	65	10	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	20,975	10,185	10,795	1,715	865	850
Non-movers	18,680	9,040	9,640	1,435	705	730
Movers	2,295	1,140	1,155	280	160	125
Non-migrants	920	455	465	150	85	70
Migrants	1,375	685	690	130	75	55
Internal migrants	1,310	660	660	100	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	1,025	525	495	80	45	35
Interprovincial migrants	290	135	160	15	0	10
External migrants	65	30	30	25	20	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	19,955	9,665	10,290	1,610	815	790
Non-movers	13,625	6,650	6,975	1,080	550	530
Movers	6,330	3,020	3,305	530	270	265
Non-migrants	2,970	1,380	1,585	250	125	130
Migrants	3,360	1,640	1,725	280	145	140
Internal migrants	3,170	1,530	1,635	245	120	120
Intraprovincial migrants	2,495	1,190	1,310	205	105	100
Interprovincial migrants	670	340	330	35	15	20
External migrants	190	110	85	40	25	15

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 17, CDR [Census division], Manitoba and Picture Butte, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Picture Butte, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta