Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pierre-Boucher--Les Patriotes--Verchères [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hole or Hollow Water 10, IRI Manitoba [Census subdivision]			Pierre-Boucher--Les Patriotes--Verchères Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Pierre-Boucher--Les Patriotes--Verchères [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	582	...	...	99,787	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	627	...	...	95,326	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-7.2	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	202	...	...	40,877	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	164	...	...	39,974	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	35.5	...	...	145.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	16.38	...	...	683.76	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	585	285	290	99,785	49,355	50,430
0 to 14 years	175	100	80	17,525	8,975	8,550
0 to 4 years	45	20	25	5,370	2,785	2,580
5 to 9 years	60	35	30	6,300	3,210	3,090
10 to 14 years	65	40	25	5,855	2,980	2,880
15 to 64 years	375	180	200	65,030	32,240	32,790
15 to 19 years	70	30	40	5,690	2,965	2,720
20 to 24 years	55	25	30	5,670	2,915	2,750
25 to 29 years	25	5	15	4,785	2,385	2,405
30 to 34 years	30	10	20	5,555	2,705	2,845
35 to 39 years	35	15	25	6,490	3,165	3,325
40 to 44 years	40	20	20	6,460	3,155	3,300
45 to 49 years	25	15	15	6,975	3,475	3,495
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	8,270	4,035	4,240
55 to 59 years	40	20	20	8,170	4,025	4,150
60 to 64 years	25	15	5	6,955	3,395	3,560
65 years and over	25	15	15	17,235	8,140	9,090
65 to 69 years	15	10	5	5,990	2,950	3,040
70 to 74 years	5	0	5	4,670	2,300	2,375
75 to 79 years	5	0	0	3,055	1,480	1,580
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	1,875	825	1,045
85 years and over	0	0	0	1,645	585	1,060
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	1,190	465	725
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	360	105	255
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	85	15	75
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	29.9	35.1	27.6	17.6	18.2	17.0
15 to 64 years	64.1	63.2	69.0	65.2	65.3	65.0
65 years and over	4.3	5.3	5.2	17.3	16.5	18.0
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.6	1.2	2.1
Average age of the population	29.6	29.5	29.7	41.5	40.8	42.2
Median age of the population	23.6	22.3	24.4	43.2	42.4	44.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	160	...	...	39,970	...	...
Single-detached house	150	...	...	25,180	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	230	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	14,100	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	3,225	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,220	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	1,230	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	8,305	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	120	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	165	...	...	39,975	...	...
1 person	35	...	...	9,465	...	...
2 persons	30	...	...	15,235	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	6,335	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	6,345	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	2,595	...	...
Number of persons in private households	585	...	...	98,110	...	...
Average household size	3.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	405	195	215	82,260	40,380	41,885
Married or living common law	175	85	85	52,370	26,130	26,240
Married	105	50	50	29,390	14,675	14,715
Living common law	70	35	40	22,985	11,455	11,525
Not married and not living common law	230	105	125	29,890	14,250	15,640
Never married	180	85	95	20,740	11,150	9,595
Separated	15	10	5	870	390	480
Divorced	15	5	5	4,595	1,830	2,770
Widowed	20	5	15	3,685	880	2,805
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	135	...	...	30,045	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	15,410	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	6,250	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	6,230	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	2,165	...	...
Average size of census families	3.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	135	...	...	30,050	...	...
Total couple families	85	...	...	25,805	...	...
Married couples	50	...	...	14,325	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	11,485	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	50	...	...	4,240	...	...
Female parent	35	...	...	2,960	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	1,280	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	25,810	...	...
Couples without children	20	...	...	12,915	...	...
Couples with children	60	...	...	12,890	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	4,840	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	5,940	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	2,110	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	4,240	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	2,490	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,405	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	95	50	45	12,310	5,890	6,415
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	160	...	...	39,975	...	...
One-census-family households	110	...	...	29,380	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15	...	...	12,605	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	95	...	...	16,775	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	330	...	...
Non-census-family households	45	...	...	10,265	...	...
One-person households	35	...	...	9,460	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	800	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	585	290	290	99,410	49,245	50,160
English only	580	290	295	290	155	135
French only	0	0	0	51,465	23,785	27,680
English and French	0	0	0	47,535	25,260	22,275
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	120	45	70
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	580	290	295	99,410	49,250	50,160
English	580	285	290	2,315	1,150	1,165
French	0	0	0	96,175	47,630	48,545
English and French	0	0	0	815	425	390
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	100	35	65
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	2,725	1,360	1,355
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.7	2.8	2.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	580	285	295	99,405	49,245	50,160
Single responses	580	290	290	98,380	48,710	49,670
Official languages	470	230	240	95,115	47,080	48,035
English	465	225	240	1,695	845	850
French	0	0	0	93,420	46,235	47,185
Non-official languages	110	55	50	3,270	1,635	1,635
Aboriginal languages	115	60	55	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	110	60	55	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	110	60	55	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	115	55	50	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	3,260	1,630	1,630
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	475	280	195
Berber languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	430	255	180
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	430	250	175
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	40	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	35	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malay	0	0	0	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	120	65	55
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	110	65	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	2,145	1,070	1,075
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	255	110	140
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	245	110	135
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	0	0	0	70	25	45
Russian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	110	50	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	65	30	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	60	40	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	75	40	40
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	60	35	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,640	820	825
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	425	255	170
Portuguese	0	0	0	240	120	120
Romanian	0	0	0	140	70	75
Spanish	0	0	0	830	370	455
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	180	80	105
Chinese languages	0	0	0	180	75	105
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	120	50	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	0	1,025	530	490
English and French	0	0	0	605	325	275
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	315	160	155
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	20	30
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	585	290	290	99,410	49,250	50,160
Single responses	575	285	290	98,025	48,555	49,465
Official languages	550	265	280	96,850	47,995	48,850
English	545	270	280	1,760	900	860
French	0	0	0	95,085	47,095	47,990
Non-official languages	30	15	10	1,180	555	620
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	20	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,180	560	620
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	90	50	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	820	385	440
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	115	50	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	115	50	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Russian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	645	300	350
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	40	40
Romanian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Spanish	0	0	0	450	210	245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	115	50	60
Chinese languages	0	0	0	115	50	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	40	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	1,385	690	695
English and French	0	0	0	620	325	300
English and non-official language	5	5	0	50	25	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	575	280	300
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	130	65	65
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	580	290	295	99,410	49,245	50,165
None	505	245	260	90,725	44,755	45,975
English	20	15	5	5,600	2,980	2,620
French	0	0	0	1,340	675	670
Non-official language	60	30	25	1,305	635	670
Aboriginal	60	30	30	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,300	630	670
English and French	0	0	0	105	50	55
English and non-official language	0	0	0	230	110	120
French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	45	55
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	405	195	215	80,590	39,795	40,790
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	370	175	195	77,960	38,540	39,415
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	16,224	15,776	16,640	42,850	50,834	36,207
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	365	170	195	77,980	38,545	39,435
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	16,032	15,712	16,640	36,678	42,387	31,528
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	250	135	115	73,435	36,960	36,470
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	14,752	14,144	17,536	38,671	47,633	31,218
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	325	155	175	54,095	23,820	30,270
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,032	944	6,800	7,065	6,194	7,584
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	230	125	105	60,395	31,200	29,195
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	15,696	14,736	20,224	39,521	47,243	33,455
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	405	190	215	80,590	39,800	40,790
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	370	175	195	77,875	38,470	39,405
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,754	20,617	22,758	55,224	66,725	43,995
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	370	175	195	77,880	38,470	39,410
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,203	19,654	22,569	43,367	51,013	35,903
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	250	135	120	73,370	36,760	36,605
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,791	20,888	24,989	52,374	64,687	40,008
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	320	150	175	54,135	23,790	30,345
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,212	5,050	9,133	8,457	7,941	8,861
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	230	125	105	60,405	30,980	29,425
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,269	21,032	25,957	51,554	61,747	40,821
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	405	195	210	80,590	39,800	40,790
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	75	35	45	28,465	15,455	13,010
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,576	41,600	40,576	57,558	65,615	49,654
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,646	44,830	48,152	70,690	82,551	56,603
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	70.8	78.2	67.6	89.4	92.6	84.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.0	72.9	61.4	72.1	74.0	69.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	29.5	22.3	35.0	10.6	7.4	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	410	190	215	80,585	39,795	40,790
Without total income	40	20	20	2,630	1,255	1,375
With total income	370	175	195	77,960	38,540	39,415
Percentage with total income	90.2	92.1	90.7	96.7	96.8	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	155	75	85	7,630	3,100	4,525
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	30	10,565	3,955	6,610
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25	9,020	3,575	5,445
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	25	8,980	3,945	5,035
$40,000 to $49,999	15	5	10	9,115	4,325	4,790
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	7,545	3,895	3,645
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	5,925	3,330	2,595
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	4,985	2,905	2,080
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	5	3,675	2,205	1,470
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	2,500	1,620	880
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	8,020	5,675	2,345
$100,000 to $149,999	5	0	0	5,310	3,665	1,640
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	2,715	2,010	705
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	405	190	215	80,585	39,800	40,790
Without after-tax income	40	20	20	2,610	1,250	1,355
With after-tax income	370	175	200	77,980	38,545	39,435
Percentage with after-tax income	91.4	92.1	93.0	96.8	96.8	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	155	75	80	8,290	3,200	5,100
$10,000 to $19,999	55	30	25	11,155	4,240	6,915
$20,000 to $29,999	50	20	30	11,220	4,570	6,655
$30,000 to $39,999	40	20	25	12,465	5,870	6,590
$40,000 to $49,999	20	10	10	10,780	5,595	5,185
$50,000 to $59,999	10	5	5	8,005	4,595	3,410
$60,000 to $69,999	15	0	10	5,875	3,485	2,385
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	5	3,530	2,265	1,260
$80,000 and over	10	5	10	6,665	4,730	1,935
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	5	2,075	1,420	650
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	1,225	845	380
$100,000 and over	0	0	5	3,365	2,465	900
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	405	190	215	80,585	39,795	40,790
Without employment income	175	70	110	20,190	8,595	11,590
With employment income	225	125	105	60,400	31,200	29,195
Percentage with employment income	55.6	65.8	48.8	75.0	78.4	71.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	45	30	7,430	3,960	3,470
$5,000 to $9,999	10	5	5	4,125	1,780	2,345
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	10	7,150	3,000	4,150
$20,000 to $29,999	30	10	20	5,845	2,385	3,460
$30,000 to $39,999	30	20	10	5,955	2,505	3,455
$40,000 to $49,999	15	10	5	5,760	2,700	3,060
$50,000 to $59,999	5	5	0	5,125	2,720	2,410
$60,000 to $69,999	5	5	0	4,140	2,345	1,795
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	0	3,910	2,225	1,690
$80,000 and over	15	5	5	10,960	7,585	3,370
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	2,765	1,780	980
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	1,960	1,295	660
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	6,240	4,510	1,730
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	160	...	...	39,975	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	35,968	...	...	85,837	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	35,968	...	...	71,118	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	35	...	...	9,465	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	17,216	...	...	42,892	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	17,216	...	...	36,328	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	125	...	...	30,515	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	101,767	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	83,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	165	...	...	39,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	48,946	...	...	107,587	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,706	...	...	84,496	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	9,450	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,401	...	...	52,528	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,240	...	...	42,045	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	30,525	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	55,606	...	...	124,633	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	54,344	...	...	97,639	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	165	...	...	39,975	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	200	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	215	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	470	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	915	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	1,145	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	920	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	1,185	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	1,390	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	1,535	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	1,580	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	3,025	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	2,905	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	0	...	...	2,925	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	2,700	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	2,470	...	...
$100,000 and over	20	...	...	16,395	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	5,235	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	3,670	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	3,990	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	3,500	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	165	...	...	39,975	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	240	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	470	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	965	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	1,300	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	1,140	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	1,705	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	1,870	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	1,975	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	1,990	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	3,920	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	3,770	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	0	...	...	3,480	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	3,110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	2,665	...	...
$100,000 and over	20	...	...	11,125	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	4,795	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	2,680	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	3,640	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	130	...	...	29,960	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	101,883	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	83,612	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	12,425	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	86,197	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	71,519	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	12,950	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	62,848	...	...	132,112	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	62,848	...	...	106,923	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	5.2	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	4,120	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	27,648	...	...	67,911	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	27,648	...	...	58,293	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	125	...	...	29,970	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	55,973	...	...	124,850	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	54,691	...	...	97,697	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	12,430	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,757	...	...	104,712	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,789	...	...	82,385	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	12,945	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	70,688	...	...	159,721	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	68,703	...	...	123,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	4,155	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,250	...	...	80,158	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,217	...	...	65,601	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	45	30	15	11,105	5,360	5,745
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	14,656	14,656	0	41,065	45,299	37,325
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	14,656	14,656	0	35,031	37,848	32,546
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	40	25	15	11,140	5,360	5,775
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	20,879	18,609	24,851	50,136	55,831	44,850
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	19,955	17,836	23,663	40,337	43,861	37,066
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	580	290	295	98,115	48,770	49,340
In the bottom half of the distribution	485	230	255	37,475	17,920	19,555
In the bottom decile	275	130	150	3,325	1,575	1,750
In the second decile	35	15	20	5,675	2,505	3,175
In the third decile	90	45	50	7,840	3,715	4,115
In the fourth decile	40	25	15	9,735	4,740	4,995
In the fifth decile	40	20	15	10,900	5,380	5,520
In the top half of the distribution	100	55	40	60,635	30,850	29,785
In the sixth decile	25	10	10	12,250	6,205	6,045
In the seventh decile	20	20	5	12,670	6,395	6,275
In the eighth decile	25	15	10	12,950	6,645	6,305
In the ninth decile	20	10	5	11,620	5,955	5,670
In the top decile	10	5	5	11,140	5,650	5,495
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	98,110	48,775	49,340
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	20,855	10,730	10,125
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	6,675	3,470	3,205
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	61,585	30,435	31,150
65 years and over	0	0	0	15,670	7,605	8,065
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	5,885	2,615	3,275
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	1,235	650	585
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	370	195	170
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	3,110	1,420	1,690
65 years and over	0	0	0	1,535	540	995
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	6.0	5.4	6.6
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	5.9	6.1	5.8
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	5.5	5.6	5.3
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	5.0	4.7	5.4
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	9.8	7.1	12.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	2,705	1,260	1,450
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	480	250	235
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	135	65	70
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	1,765	870	900
65 years and over	0	0	0	465	145	315
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	2.8	2.6	2.9
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	2.3	2.3	2.3
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	2.0	1.9	2.2
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	2.9	2.9	2.9
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	3.0	1.9	3.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	580	285	295	98,115	48,770	49,350
Official languages	580	290	295	97,960	48,705	49,260
English	580	285	295	47,470	25,205	22,255
French	0	0	0	97,670	48,535	49,135
Non-official languages	100	50	45	7,880	3,820	4,060
Aboriginal languages	95	55	45	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	95	50	45	10	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	100	50	45	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	7,870	3,815	4,055
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	775	440	330
Berber languages	0	0	0	80	45	35
Kabyle	0	0	0	45	30	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	15
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	720	415	305
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	715	410	305
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	95	45	55
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	290	135	155
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	25	10	20
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	250	120	130
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	6,105	2,945	3,155
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	350	185	160
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	340	180	155
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	60	40	25
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	60	15	40
Russian	0	0	0	185	95	90
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	355	205	155
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	45	35	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	295	165	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	125	55	70
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	115	80	35
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	70	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	75	60	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	5,305	2,500	2,805
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,035	580	460
Portuguese	0	0	0	350	170	185
Romanian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Spanish	0	0	0	4,035	1,830	2,205
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	15	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	145	55	85
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	25	10	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	80	45	40
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	0	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	135	40	90
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	85	15	65
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	235	115	120
Chinese languages	0	0	0	235	110	120
Cantonese	0	0	0	80	40	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	165	70	95
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	15	30
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	50	30	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	98,120	48,770	49,345
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	96,985	48,275	48,705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	20,740	10,685	10,050
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	76,245	37,590	38,660
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	1,130	490	640
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	98,115	48,770	49,350
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	93,090	46,185	46,905
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	4,960	2,540	2,420
Before 1981	0	0	0	1,415	800	610
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	470	240	235
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	925	475	445
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,550	750	795
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	805	410	400
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	740	350	395
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	605	275	335
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	4,960	2,545	2,420
Under 5 years	0	0	0	755	345	415
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	915	515	405
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	965	520	445
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	2,050	1,045	1,010
45 years and over	0	0	0	275	130	150
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	4,960	2,545	2,420
Americas	0	0	0	1,240	560	685
Brazil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Colombia	0	0	0	190	70	115
El Salvador	0	0	0	35	20	15
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	180	90	85
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	135	55	85
Peru	0	0	0	160	70	85
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	205	95	115
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	305	135	175
Europe	0	0	0	2,065	1,155	905
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	15	15	10
France	0	0	0	1,090	615	475
Germany	0	0	0	65	15	45
Greece	0	0	0	25	20	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	160	115	40
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	10	0
Poland	0	0	0	40	15	25
Portugal	0	0	0	125	65	65
Romania	0	0	0	105	55	50
Russian Federation	0	0	0	60	30	30
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	335	180	155
Africa	0	0	0	885	490	395
Algeria	0	0	0	185	110	75
Egypt	0	0	0	65	40	30
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	295	170	125
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	335	170	165
Asia	0	0	0	770	330	435
Afghanistan	0	0	0	35	20	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	240	50	190
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	30	25	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	45	20	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	105	60	40
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	110	50	60
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	130	65	70
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	605	275	335
Americas	0	0	0	180	70	110
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	60	25	30
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	35	10	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	15	30
Europe	0	0	0	215	105	105
France	0	0	0	160	75	85
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	30	20	10
Africa	0	0	0	135	60	75
Algeria	0	0	0	20	0	15
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	0	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	35	15	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	50	25	25
Asia	0	0	0	80	35	40
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	10	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	20	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	20	10	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	585	285	295	98,115	48,765	49,350
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	5,310	2,700	2,610
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	5,390	2,755	2,635
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	580	285	295	87,415	43,310	44,105
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	3,620	1,770	1,850
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	2,065	1,115	950
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	975	610	360
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,085	505	585
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,160	440	725
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	370	195	175
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	580	290	290	98,115	48,765	49,350
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	580	285	295	670	325	350
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	575	285	290	635	305	330
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	570	280	285	250	135	110
Métis	10	10	0	380	170	210
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	10	0	0	97,440	48,445	49,000
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	580	285	295	98,115	48,765	49,350
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	570	280	290	155	90	65
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10	10	10	97,960	48,680	49,285
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	580	290	290	98,115	48,765	49,350
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	505	250	255	450	220	230
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	480	240	240	435	215	220
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	480	240	240	370	195	180
Métis single ancestry	0	0	10	55	25	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	10	15	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	15	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	70	35	35	2,580	1,155	1,425
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	60	25	30	2,565	1,150	1,410
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	25	30	2,215	965	1,250
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	185	140
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	0	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	10	20	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10	0	10	95,085	47,385	47,695
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	585	285	295	98,115	48,765	49,350
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	3,660	1,730	1,930
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	90	45	40
Chinese	0	0	0	460	165	295
Black	0	0	0	950	440	510
Filipino	0	0	0	50	20	35
Latin American	0	0	0	895	415	490
Arab	0	0	0	570	330	240
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	250	125	125
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	60	45	15
Korean	0	0	0	85	30	55
Japanese	0	0	0	40	15	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	180	90	85
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	580	290	295	94,455	47,035	47,420
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	580	290	295	98,115	48,765	49,350
North American Aboriginal origins	575	285	290	3,030	1,380	1,655
First Nations (North American Indian)	565	280	285	2,615	1,165	1,450
Inuit	0	0	0	35	0	35
Métis	40	20	20	415	225	185
Other North American origins	0	0	0	71,610	35,585	36,025
Acadian	0	0	0	545	275	275
American	0	0	0	490	240	250
Canadian	0	0	0	68,885	34,170	34,710
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	2,635	1,380	1,250
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	80	40	40	38,715	19,235	19,485
British Isles origins	25	15	15	7,580	3,620	3,955
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	10	0	10	1,730	825	910
Irish	10	0	0	4,805	2,270	2,535
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	10	10	0	1,810	880	925
Welsh	0	0	0	30	25	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	115	50	65
French origins	20	15	10	29,440	14,610	14,835
Alsatian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Breton	0	0	0	190	110	80
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	25	15	10	29,290	14,520	14,770
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	2,820	1,390	1,425
Austrian	0	0	0	105	40	65
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	915	485	430
Dutch	0	0	0	215	115	100
Flemish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,395	635	760
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	265	165	105
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	15	20	180	75	95
Danish	0	0	0	35	10	20
Finnish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Icelandic	35	10	20	0	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eastern European origins	10	0	0	1,260	615	645
Bulgarian	0	0	0	90	40	45
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	20	0
Czech	0	0	0	30	0	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	130	60	70
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	450	170	280
Romanian	0	0	0	125	70	55
Russian	0	0	0	255	120	135
Slovak	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ukrainian	10	0	10	190	110	80
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	0	0	0	4,880	2,555	2,325
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	310	145	165
Italian	0	0	0	3,365	1,800	1,560
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	600	280	320
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Slovenian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Spanish	0	0	0	700	360	340
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	35	25	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	160	95	65
Basque	0	0	0	40	25	15
Jewish	0	0	0	35	20	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	85	45	35
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	800	405	395
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	75	35	45
Dominican	0	0	0	95	60	30
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0	540	275	265
Jamaican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	30	15	15
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,310	630	680
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	55	20	35
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Brazilian	0	0	0	50	25	15
Chilean	0	0	0	85	45	45
Colombian	0	0	0	280	135	145
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	35	0	30
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexican	0	0	0	240	120	120
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Panamanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	235	135	105
Salvadorean	0	0	0	115	70	40
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	50	20	35
African origins	0	0	0	1,530	780	750
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	290	120	170
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	90	25	65
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	70	25	45
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	40	25	20
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	75	45	40
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	1,025	565	455
Algerian	0	0	0	215	120	90
Berber	0	0	0	115	75	40
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	180	95	85
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	475	265	205
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	95	40	55
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	70	35	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burundian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	175	75	105
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	170	70	100
Asian origins	0	0	0	2,045	940	1,110
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	940	485	455
Afghan	0	0	0	45	30	20
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	135	65	65
Armenian	0	0	0	85	30	50
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	50	40	15
Iraqi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	460	245	215
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	70	20	45
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	70	40	30
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	95	40	50
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	80	40	45
Goan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	1,005	410	595
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	45	20	30
Chinese	0	0	0	545	185	365
Filipino	0	0	0	65	30	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	35	55
Laotian	0	0	0	55	35	25
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	10	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	205	110	95
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	10	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	165	...	...	39,970	...	...
Owner	15	...	...	32,965	...	...
Renter	10	...	...	7,010	...	...
Band housing	150	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	165	...	...	39,975	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	5,735	...	...
Not condominium	165	...	...	34,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	165	...	...	39,970	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	2,565	...	...
2 bedrooms	40	...	...	10,310	...	...
3 bedrooms	75	...	...	16,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	40	...	...	10,945	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	165	...	...	39,975	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	35	...	...	7,450	...	...
5 rooms	40	...	...	5,910	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	5,090	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	6,025	...	...
8 or more rooms	25	...	...	15,500	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	165	...	...	39,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	145	...	...	39,860	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	165	...	...	39,975	...	...
Suitable	130	...	...	39,390	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	585	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	165	...	...	39,970	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	5,100	...	...
1961 to 1980	50	...	...	12,260	...	...
1981 to 1990	35	...	...	7,195	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	5,850	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	3,015	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	3,570	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	2,980	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	165	...	...	39,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	125	...	...	38,145	...	...
Major repairs needed	35	...	...	1,825	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	165	...	...	39,975	...	...
1 household maintainer	110	...	...	21,695	...	...
2 household maintainers	50	...	...	17,960	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	165	...	...	39,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	660	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	4,815	...	...
35 to 44 years	40	...	...	7,170	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	8,705	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	8,835	...	...
65 to 74 years	0	...	...	6,360	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	2,815	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	615	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	0	...	...	39,620	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	34,610	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	5,015	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	4,565	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	32,670	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	63.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	9.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,107	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,169	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	300,568	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	343,546	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	7,000	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	5.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	28.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	774	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	794	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	405	190	215	80,585	39,795	40,790
No certificate, diploma or degree	205	100	100	11,985	6,510	5,475
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	125	60	70	16,220	7,750	8,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	75	30	45	52,380	25,535	26,845
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	10	13,285	8,060	5,225
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15	10	10	9,515	4,985	4,530
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	3,770	3,075	700
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	30	10	20	16,260	7,155	9,105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	3,670	1,395	2,275
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15	10	10	19,170	8,930	10,240
Bachelor's degree	10	10	0	12,670	5,535	7,135
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,740	810	935
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	520	265	255
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,730	2,020	1,710
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	510	300	205
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	245	115	130	53,575	26,130	27,445
No certificate, diploma or degree	95	45	50	4,785	2,830	1,955
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	85	40	45	8,795	4,230	4,560
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	70	30	35	39,995	19,065	20,930
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	0	10,250	6,065	4,185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20	15	0	7,360	3,735	3,630
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	2,890	2,330	555
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	10	20	11,485	5,155	6,330
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	2,575	955	1,620
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15	0	10	15,685	6,885	8,800
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	10,445	4,380	6,065
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,400	575	825
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	395	155	245
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,050	1,570	1,485
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	390	210	180
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	405	190	215	80,585	39,800	40,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	330	160	170	28,210	14,260	13,945
Education	15	0	10	3,765	770	3,000
13. Education	15	0	10	3,770	770	3,000
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,930	965	965
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	430	345	85
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,500	625	875
Humanities	0	0	0	2,705	995	1,710
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	345	55	295
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	55	10	45
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	1,530	570	960
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	65	35	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	120	70	45
54. History	0	0	0	230	135	100
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	355	110	240
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	4,360	1,315	3,040
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	675	175	500
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	795	50	740
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,015	405	610
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	115	35	80
42. Psychology	0	0	0	795	180	620
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	935	470	465
Business, management and public administration	20	10	15	13,775	5,420	8,355
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	580	105	475
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	10	13,190	5,310	7,875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,730	1,010	720
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	475	175	300
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	305	195	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	265	150	120
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	525	400	125
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	160	100	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,045	1,315	730
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,685	1,195	495
25. Library science	0	0	0	145	15	135
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	165	75	95
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	45	35	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	11,275	10,280	1,000
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	435	230	205
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,295	1,985	305
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	2,340	2,110	230
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	10	0	2,440	2,350	90
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	2,250	2,185	70
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,515	1,425	100
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	885	500	380
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	685	380	305
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	195	120	75
Health and related fields	0	10	10	6,210	1,125	5,075
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	365	190	180
51. Health professions and related programs	10	10	0	5,675	845	4,830
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	160	95	65
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	10	3,695	1,830	1,865
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,935	420	1,515
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	25	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	945	685	265
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	0	785	700	85
Other	0	0	0	15	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	245	120	130	53,575	26,130	27,445
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	180	85	90	13,575	7,065	6,515
Education	15	0	10	2,455	460	1,995
13. Education	15	0	10	2,455	460	1,995
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,535	735	800
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	340	255	85
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	1,195	480	715
Humanities	0	0	0	1,595	565	1,030
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	265	40	230
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	0	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	770	325	450
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	30	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	70	45	30
54. History	0	0	0	160	90	75
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	240	45	195
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	0	3,535	980	2,555
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	545	140	410
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	670	30	640
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	835	315	520
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	70	15	55
42. Psychology	0	0	0	645	110	530
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	745	370	375
Business, management and public administration	15	0	15	10,970	4,150	6,825
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	10	485	85	400
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	0	10,485	4,065	6,420
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,085	600	485
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	390	135	260
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	175	115	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	35	20	15
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	370	250	115
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	110	80	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,730	1,085	640
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,460	995	460
25. Library science	0	0	0	105	0	100
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	125	50	75
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	40	30	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	0	0	8,760	7,875	885
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	355	190	170
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,850	1,565	285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	10	0	1,850	1,650	200
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	1,815	1,740	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	1,720	1,650	65
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,165	1,080	90
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	720	400	320
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	550	305	250
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	165	95	75
Health and related fields	10	10	10	4,685	800	3,885
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	295	150	145
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	4,245	580	3,665
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	140	70	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	2,925	1,420	1,505
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,570	335	1,240
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	685	490	190
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	0	660	585	75
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	405	190	215	80,590	39,795	40,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	330	165	170	28,205	14,260	13,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	75	30	45	52,380	25,540	26,845
Location of study inside Canada	75	30	45	50,615	24,590	26,025
Same as province or territory of residence	70	25	40	49,765	24,110	25,655
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	845	480	370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,770	945	820
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	225	165	60
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	30	25	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	55	30	30
France	0	0	0	560	320	235
Other	0	0	0	875	405	470
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	245	120	130	53,575	26,130	27,445
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	180	90	95	13,575	7,065	6,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	65	30	40	40,000	19,065	20,930
Location of study inside Canada	65	30	40	38,675	18,430	20,245
Same as province or territory of residence	65	30	35	38,055	18,085	19,970
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	10	625	350	280
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,325	635	690
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	160	105	50
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	55	25	30
France	0	0	0	415	220	200
Other	0	0	0	670	280	390
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	405	190	215	80,590	39,795	40,785
In the labour force	190	110	80	55,275	28,305	26,970
Employed	125	65	65	52,930	26,970	25,965
Unemployed	65	50	15	2,345	1,330	1,010
Not in the labour force	215	80	135	25,310	11,495	13,815
Participation rate	46.9	57.9	37.2	68.6	71.1	66.1
Employment rate	30.9	34.2	30.2	65.7	67.8	63.7
Unemployment rate	34.2	45.5	18.8	4.2	4.7	3.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	405	195	215	80,590	39,800	40,790
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	270	115	150	22,965	10,355	12,610
Worked	140	75	65	57,620	29,445	28,180
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	75	35	40	29,020	15,840	13,180
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	65	35	25	28,600	13,600	15,000
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	36.7	44.8	43.7	44.2	43.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	190	115	75	55,275	28,305	26,970
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	40	15	745	400	340
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	140	75	65	54,535	27,900	26,635
Employee	140	75	65	47,485	23,630	23,860
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10	0	0	7,045	4,270	2,775
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	190	115	75	55,275	28,305	26,970
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	35	15	740	405	340
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	140	75	65	54,535	27,900	26,635
0 Management occupations	10	0	10	6,925	4,435	2,490
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	0	9,825	2,930	6,895
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	4,395	3,260	1,135
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	3,760	620	3,140
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	10	35	6,485	1,825	4,660
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,880	885	990
6 Sales and service occupations	20	10	10	10,725	4,660	6,065
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	10	7,895	7,360	535
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	15	0	610	455	150
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	2,045	1,465	580
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	190	110	75	55,275	28,305	26,970
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	35	15	745	405	335
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	140	75	65	54,535	27,900	26,630
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0	915	555	360
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	115	85	25
22 Utilities	0	0	0	910	585	325
23 Construction	15	15	0	3,785	3,265	525
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	6,340	4,475	1,860
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	2,765	1,710	1,050
44-45 Retail trade	10	10	0	6,655	3,055	3,605
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	10	0	2,430	1,825	605
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,580	885	690
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	2,520	1,095	1,430
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	745	425	320
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	4,305	2,330	1,975
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	40	20	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	1,870	1,150	720
61 Educational services	25	0	25	3,975	1,115	2,860
62 Health care and social assistance	35	10	25	6,595	1,075	5,520
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	1,090	615	470
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	2,420	995	1,425
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	10	0	2,550	1,135	1,420
91 Public administration	20	10	10	2,925	1,500	1,430
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	125	60	60	52,930	26,970	25,965
Worked at home	0	0	0	3,890	1,960	1,935
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	75	60	15
No fixed workplace address	15	15	10	4,430	3,400	1,025
Worked at usual place	110	50	55	44,540	21,555	22,985
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	110	50	60	44,540	21,550	22,985
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	95	40	55	9,750	4,550	5,200
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	10	10	6,905	3,195	3,715
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	0	27,830	13,760	14,065
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	55	50	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	125	60	60	48,965	24,960	24,010
Car, truck, van - as a driver	80	40	40	40,850	21,460	19,390
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	15	10	1,550	540	1,010
Public transit	0	0	0	4,280	1,860	2,420
Walked	15	0	10	1,460	615	850
Bicycle	0	0	0	440	265	170
Other method	10	10	10	375	210	165
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	125	65	65	48,965	24,955	24,005
Less than 15 minutes	90	35	50	10,830	5,060	5,775
15 to 29 minutes	25	15	0	16,020	8,005	8,015
30 to 44 minutes	10	10	0	12,040	6,335	5,705
45 to 59 minutes	0	10	0	5,830	3,155	2,675
60 minutes and over	10	0	0	4,235	2,400	1,840
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	125	60	60	48,965	24,960	24,010
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	10	0	4,025	3,215	810
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	20	10	9,315	5,655	3,655
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20	10	0	16,315	7,585	8,730
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	65	20	40	9,390	3,640	5,750
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	10	3,930	1,505	2,420
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	15	10	0	5,990	3,355	2,640
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	140	75	65	58,745	30,020	28,725
Single responses	145	75	70	56,175	28,645	27,535
Official languages	145	75	65	56,140	28,610	27,525
English	140	75	65	2,380	1,455	930
French	0	0	0	53,760	27,165	26,600
Non-official languages	0	0	0	35	30	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	25	25	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	2,570	1,380	1,185
English and French	0	0	0	2,485	1,350	1,140
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	40
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	140	80	70	58,745	30,020	28,720
None	110	65	45	40,845	20,005	20,840
English	0	0	0	15,785	8,745	7,040
French	0	0	0	1,865	1,160	715
Non-official language	35	15	20	135	60	75
Aboriginal	35	10	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	130	60	70
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	75	45	35
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	575	285	290	97,145	48,275	48,865
Non-movers	550	270	280	88,480	44,150	44,325
Movers	25	10	15	8,665	4,125	4,540
Non-migrants	20	10	10	3,445	1,615	1,835
Migrants	0	0	10	5,220	2,515	2,705
Internal migrants	0	0	0	5,100	2,455	2,650
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	5,045	2,425	2,625
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	60	35	30
External migrants	0	0	0	115	55	60
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	535	270	270	92,660	45,965	46,695
Non-movers	440	215	225	64,670	32,470	32,205
Movers	95	55	45	27,990	13,495	14,495
Non-migrants	75	40	35	11,205	5,270	5,935
Migrants	20	10	10	16,785	8,230	8,555
Internal migrants	20	15	10	16,165	7,945	8,220
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	10	15,890	7,810	8,085
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	270	140	135
External migrants	0	0	0	620	285	340

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hole or Hollow Water 10, IRI [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pierre-Boucher--Les Patriotes--Verchères [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pierre-Boucher--Les Patriotes--Verchères [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pierre-Boucher--Les Patriotes--Verchères [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Pierre-Boucher--Les Patriotes--Verchères [Federal electoral district], Quebec