Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hole or Hollow Water 10, IRI Manitoba [Census subdivision]			Papineau Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	582	...	...	110,750	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	627	...	...	108,977	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-7.2	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	202	...	...	56,028	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	164	...	...	52,286	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	35.5	...	...	11,179.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	16.38	...	...	9.91	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	585	285	290	110,750	55,475	55,275
0 to 14 years	175	100	80	17,000	8,760	8,240
0 to 4 years	45	20	25	6,695	3,410	3,280
5 to 9 years	60	35	30	5,825	3,005	2,820
10 to 14 years	65	40	25	4,480	2,345	2,140
15 to 64 years	375	180	200	78,755	40,235	38,525
15 to 19 years	70	30	40	4,715	2,410	2,305
20 to 24 years	55	25	30	8,390	4,185	4,205
25 to 29 years	25	5	15	11,475	5,535	5,940
30 to 34 years	30	10	20	10,995	5,495	5,505
35 to 39 years	35	15	25	9,790	5,085	4,705
40 to 44 years	40	20	20	7,715	4,060	3,655
45 to 49 years	25	15	15	6,855	3,630	3,225
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	6,885	3,720	3,170
55 to 59 years	40	20	20	6,460	3,325	3,135
60 to 64 years	25	15	5	5,480	2,790	2,690
65 years and over	25	15	15	14,995	6,480	8,515
65 to 69 years	15	10	5	4,365	2,085	2,280
70 to 74 years	5	0	5	3,295	1,465	1,825
75 to 79 years	5	0	0	2,805	1,230	1,570
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	2,220	910	1,315
85 years and over	0	0	0	2,315	790	1,525
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	1,510	565	950
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	655	195	460
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	130	30	100
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	29.9	35.1	27.6	15.3	15.8	14.9
15 to 64 years	64.1	63.2	69.0	71.1	72.5	69.7
65 years and over	4.3	5.3	5.2	13.5	11.7	15.4
85 years and over	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.1	1.4	2.8
Average age of the population	29.6	29.5	29.7	38.8	38.0	39.5
Median age of the population	23.6	22.3	24.4	36.3	36.2	36.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	160	...	...	52,285	...	...
Single-detached house	150	...	...	1,175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	2,290	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	48,800	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	670	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	550	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	8,580	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	38,420	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	580	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	165	...	...	52,285	...	...
1 person	35	...	...	22,140	...	...
2 persons	30	...	...	15,275	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	6,920	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	5,015	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	2,935	...	...
Number of persons in private households	585	...	...	109,595	...	...
Average household size	3.5	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	405	195	215	93,750	46,715	47,035
Married or living common law	175	85	85	43,455	22,050	21,405
Married	105	50	50	28,770	14,665	14,105
Living common law	70	35	40	14,685	7,385	7,300
Not married and not living common law	230	105	125	50,300	24,665	25,630
Never married	180	85	95	36,035	19,555	16,480
Separated	15	10	5	2,275	1,055	1,220
Divorced	15	5	5	7,400	3,115	4,285
Widowed	20	5	15	4,585	935	3,650
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	135	...	...	26,665	...	...
2 persons	45	...	...	13,580	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	6,150	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	4,725	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	2,205	...	...
Average size of census families	3.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	135	...	...	26,665	...	...
Total couple families	85	...	...	20,780	...	...
Married couples	50	...	...	13,435	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	7,345	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	50	...	...	5,880	...	...
Female parent	35	...	...	4,775	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	20,780	...	...
Couples without children	20	...	...	9,780	...	...
Couples with children	60	...	...	11,000	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	4,585	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	4,335	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	2,085	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	5,885	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	3,800	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,570	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	95	50	45	33,320	17,555	15,775
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	160	...	...	52,290	...	...
One-census-family households	110	...	...	25,565	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	15	...	...	9,405	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	95	...	...	16,155	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	10	...	...	535	...	...
Non-census-family households	45	...	...	26,190	...	...
One-person households	35	...	...	22,145	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	4,045	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	585	290	290	110,080	55,210	54,870
English only	580	290	295	11,150	6,175	4,980
French only	0	0	0	33,825	15,680	18,150
English and French	0	0	0	59,760	31,315	28,450
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	5,345	2,050	3,295
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	580	290	295	110,080	55,210	54,870
English	580	285	290	20,050	10,800	9,250
French	0	0	0	74,055	36,455	37,600
English and French	0	0	0	10,750	5,965	4,785
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	5,220	1,995	3,225
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	25,430	13,785	11,645
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	23.1	25.0	21.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	580	285	295	110,080	55,210	54,870
Single responses	580	290	290	104,730	52,455	52,280
Official languages	470	230	240	58,865	29,180	29,685
English	465	225	240	6,825	3,610	3,215
French	0	0	0	52,040	25,570	26,465
Non-official languages	110	55	50	45,865	23,265	22,600
Aboriginal languages	115	60	55	20	5	15
Algonquian languages	110	60	55	5	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	110	60	55	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	115	55	50	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45,845	23,265	22,585
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	7,360	4,180	3,180
Berber languages	0	0	0	990	555	435
Kabyle	0	0	0	605	340	255
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	385	210	175
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	85	45	40
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	85	40	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	6,265	3,570	2,700
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	6,230	3,550	2,680
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	3,380	1,590	1,790
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	520	240	275
Vietnamese	0	0	0	2,860	1,345	1,515
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	215	85	135
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	135	50	85
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	2,475	1,175	1,300
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	105	55	50
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,350	1,110	1,245
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,560	795	765
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	1,520	770	755
Telugu	0	0	0	20	15	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	26,940	13,525	13,415
Albanian	0	0	0	160	85	80
Armenian	0	0	0	160	95	65
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,055	465	590
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,055	465	585
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Croatian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	335	135	195
Russian	0	0	0	315	145	165
Serbian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	20	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	5	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	145	70	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages	0	0	0	210	90	120
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	155	70	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	4,355	2,155	2,200
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	7,955	4,285	3,670
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	7,525	4,055	3,465
Bengali	0	0	0	1,920	990	930
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,005	490	515
Hindi	0	0	0	280	155	130
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,285	1,350	930
Sindhi	0	0	0	50	25	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Urdu	0	0	0	1,875	985	890
Iranian languages	0	0	0	420	220	200
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Pashto	0	0	0	270	135	135
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	120	65	55
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	13,040	6,355	6,685
Catalan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italian	0	0	0	3,555	1,655	1,905
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,235	1,085	1,150
Romanian	0	0	0	315	155	155
Spanish	0	0	0	6,930	3,455	3,475
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	15	45
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	15	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	870	475	395
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	135	70	65
Bamanankan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ewe	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	80	40	35
Ga	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	55	25	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	50	25	20
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	25	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	135	70	60
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	285	160	125
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,095	980	1,110
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,080	975	1,110
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,135	535	595
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	610	270	340
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	190	100	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	50	80
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Lao	0	0	0	95	50	45
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	520	270	255
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	500	255	240
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	100	50	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	95	55	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	15
Multiple responses	5	0	0	5,350	2,760	2,590
English and French	0	0	0	1,030	515	515
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,010	570	440
French and non-official language	0	0	0	2,695	1,355	1,345
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	615	320	295
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	585	290	290	110,080	55,215	54,870
Single responses	575	285	290	98,215	49,145	49,070
Official languages	550	265	280	68,695	34,540	34,155
English	545	270	280	10,550	5,585	4,965
French	0	0	0	58,145	28,955	29,195
Non-official languages	30	15	10	29,525	14,610	14,915
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	30	15	10	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	20	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	29,520	14,610	14,910
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	3,355	1,835	1,520
Berber languages	0	0	0	385	210	170
Kabyle	0	0	0	240	140	105
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	145	80	70
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	40	20	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,920	1,595	1,325
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	2,900	1,585	1,310
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,780	1,295	1,480
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	355	165	195
Vietnamese	0	0	0	2,425	1,135	1,295
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	1,065	465	605
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	40	20	25
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	1,025	445	580
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,355	680	675
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	1,335	665	670
Telugu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	18,440	9,105	9,340
Albanian	0	0	0	105	50	50
Armenian	0	0	0	95	45	45
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	545	260	285
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	540	260	285
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	165	75	85
Russian	0	0	0	170	85	85
Serbian	0	0	0	20	5	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	80	35	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	45	20	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	35	10	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	3,305	1,595	1,710
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	6,485	3,415	3,075
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	6,185	3,265	2,920
Bengali	0	0	0	1,560	785	780
Gujarati	0	0	0	760	360	395
Hindi	0	0	0	205	105	95
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	25	15	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,900	1,105	795
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	50	25	20
Urdu	0	0	0	1,650	855	795
Iranian languages	0	0	0	285	140	145
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	215	100	115
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	7,855	3,715	4,145
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italian	0	0	0	1,950	830	1,120
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,240	580	655
Romanian	0	0	0	155	75	80
Spanish	0	0	0	4,500	2,220	2,280
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	255	140	120
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	100	55	45
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	40	20	25
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	50	20	30
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,610	765	845
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,600	760	840
Cantonese	0	0	0	925	440	485
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	465	220	240
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	115	60	60
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	90	30	55
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lao	0	0	0	30	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	390	200	190
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	385	195	190
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Multiple responses	10	5	5	11,865	6,065	5,800
English and French	0	0	0	1,535	825	705
English and non-official language	5	5	0	2,155	1,150	1,010
French and non-official language	0	0	0	6,260	3,085	3,180
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	1,910	1,005	905
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	580	290	295	110,080	55,210	54,870
None	505	245	260	78,975	39,040	39,935
English	20	15	5	8,510	4,520	3,985
French	0	0	0	8,735	4,410	4,330
Non-official language	60	30	25	11,015	5,725	5,290
Aboriginal	60	30	30	10	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	11,000	5,720	5,285
English and French	0	0	0	1,280	705	570
English and non-official language	0	0	0	940	485	455
French and non-official language	0	0	0	575	295	275
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	30
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	405	195	215	92,605	46,220	46,385
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	370	175	195	89,285	44,655	44,630
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	16,224	15,776	16,640	24,197	25,235	23,267
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	365	170	195	89,290	44,655	44,635
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	16,032	15,712	16,640	23,134	23,828	22,448
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	250	135	115	73,610	37,600	36,015
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	14,752	14,144	17,536	23,608	25,700	21,436
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	325	155	175	75,825	37,080	38,735
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,032	944	6,800	4,079	2,797	6,785
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	230	125	105	62,410	32,890	29,520
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	15,696	14,736	20,224	25,189	26,538	23,795
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	405	190	215	92,615	46,170	46,440
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	370	175	195	89,280	44,595	44,685
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,754	20,617	22,758	32,337	33,617	31,061
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	370	175	195	89,290	44,595	44,690
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,203	19,654	22,569	27,805	28,528	27,083
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	250	135	120	73,725	37,740	35,990
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,791	20,888	24,989	31,638	33,855	29,313
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	320	150	175	75,710	36,915	38,795
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,212	5,050	9,133	7,324	6,001	8,582
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	230	125	105	62,420	32,950	29,465
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,269	21,032	25,957	32,693	34,211	30,996
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	405	195	210	92,615	46,170	46,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	75	35	45	24,500	13,725	10,775
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,576	41,600	40,576	41,431	41,610	41,221
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,646	44,830	48,152	48,019	48,742	47,099
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	70.8	78.2	67.6	80.6	85.1	75.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.0	72.9	61.4	70.9	75.3	66.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	29.5	22.3	35.0	19.4	14.9	24.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	410	190	215	92,605	46,225	46,385
Without total income	40	20	20	3,320	1,570	1,760
With total income	370	175	195	89,285	44,655	44,630
Percentage with total income	90.2	92.1	90.7	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	155	75	85	14,665	7,760	6,905
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	30	22,175	10,130	12,045
$20,000 to $29,999	45	20	25	16,025	7,720	8,310
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	25	11,240	5,790	5,450
$40,000 to $49,999	15	5	10	8,360	4,185	4,175
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	5,575	2,720	2,850
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	3,670	1,950	1,715
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	2,635	1,415	1,215
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	5	1,710	970	735
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	985	570	415
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	2,250	1,440	810
$100,000 to $149,999	5	0	0	1,715	1,100	610
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	535	340	200
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	405	190	215	92,605	46,225	46,385
Without after-tax income	40	20	20	3,315	1,565	1,750
With after-tax income	370	175	200	89,295	44,660	44,630
Percentage with after-tax income	91.4	92.1	93.0	96.4	96.6	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	155	75	80	14,830	7,810	7,015
$10,000 to $19,999	55	30	25	22,995	10,595	12,400
$20,000 to $29,999	50	20	30	18,860	9,295	9,560
$30,000 to $39,999	40	20	25	13,335	6,825	6,510
$40,000 to $49,999	20	10	10	8,575	4,230	4,345
$50,000 to $59,999	10	5	5	4,780	2,470	2,315
$60,000 to $69,999	15	0	10	2,755	1,495	1,265
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	5	1,355	795	555
$80,000 and over	10	5	10	1,805	1,140	665
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	5	700	445	255
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	400	260	135
$100,000 and over	0	0	5	705	435	270
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	405	190	215	92,605	46,225	46,385
Without employment income	175	70	110	30,195	13,330	16,860
With employment income	225	125	105	62,410	32,890	29,525
Percentage with employment income	55.6	65.8	48.8	67.4	71.2	63.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	45	30	7,885	4,010	3,870
$5,000 to $9,999	10	5	5	6,195	2,995	3,200
$10,000 to $19,999	40	25	10	11,670	5,965	5,700
$20,000 to $29,999	30	10	20	9,775	5,105	4,665
$30,000 to $39,999	30	20	10	7,775	4,240	3,535
$40,000 to $49,999	15	10	5	5,810	3,020	2,785
$50,000 to $59,999	5	5	0	4,205	2,215	1,990
$60,000 to $69,999	5	5	0	2,975	1,640	1,330
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	0	2,230	1,240	995
$80,000 and over	15	5	5	3,905	2,455	1,450
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	1,340	800	540
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	800	505	300
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	1,760	1,155	610
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	160	...	...	52,285	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	35,968	...	...	43,451	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	35,968	...	...	39,617	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	35	...	...	22,140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	17,216	...	...	25,274	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	17,216	...	...	23,999	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	125	...	...	30,145	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	58,281	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	53,727	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	48,946	...	...	55,212	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,706	...	...	47,478	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	22,165	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,401	...	...	33,100	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,240	...	...	28,345	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	130	...	...	30,125	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	55,606	...	...	71,485	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	54,344	...	...	61,559	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	165	...	...	52,285	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	1,235	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	1,795	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	2,925	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	4,315	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	3,750	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	3,375	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	3,375	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	3,260	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	3,050	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	2,815	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	5,055	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	3,770	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	0	...	...	2,975	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	2,295	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	1,770	...	...
$100,000 and over	20	...	...	6,530	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	2,905	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	1,600	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	1,335	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	700	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	165	...	...	52,285	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	1,290	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	1,805	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	2,940	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	20	...	...	4,510	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	4,185	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	3,905	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	4,000	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	3,760	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	3,495	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	3,235	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	5,310	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	3,770	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	0	...	...	2,695	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	2,035	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	1,475	...	...
$100,000 and over	20	...	...	3,870	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	2,190	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	935	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	750	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	130	...	...	26,930	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	58,954	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	54,239	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	9,255	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	56,101	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	50,806	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	11,015	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	62,848	...	...	71,741	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	62,848	...	...	65,380	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	5.2	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	35	...	...	5,600	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	27,648	...	...	44,165	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	27,648	...	...	41,553	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	125	...	...	26,905	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	55,973	...	...	72,862	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	54,691	...	...	62,491	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	9,225	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,757	...	...	70,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,789	...	...	59,431	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	10,995	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	70,688	...	...	87,046	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	68,703	...	...	74,716	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	5,625	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,250	...	...	51,038	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	32,217	...	...	45,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	45	30	15	30,495	16,220	14,270
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	14,656	14,656	0	23,160	22,434	23,831
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	14,656	14,656	0	22,245	21,557	23,019
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	40	25	15	30,510	16,115	14,395
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	20,879	18,609	24,851	30,375	29,729	31,098
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	19,955	17,836	23,663	26,266	25,586	27,027
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	580	290	295	109,595	54,980	54,615
In the bottom half of the distribution	485	230	255	82,570	41,350	41,220
In the bottom decile	275	130	150	21,140	11,180	9,955
In the second decile	35	15	20	20,125	9,690	10,430
In the third decile	90	45	50	17,720	8,805	8,915
In the fourth decile	40	25	15	13,205	6,620	6,585
In the fifth decile	40	20	15	10,385	5,055	5,330
In the top half of the distribution	100	55	40	27,025	13,630	13,400
In the sixth decile	25	10	10	8,390	4,175	4,210
In the seventh decile	20	20	5	6,550	3,305	3,245
In the eighth decile	25	15	10	5,475	2,750	2,730
In the ninth decile	20	10	5	4,205	2,160	2,040
In the top decile	10	5	5	2,405	1,230	1,170
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	109,600	54,980	54,615
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	19,630	10,090	9,540
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	7,925	4,050	3,875
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	75,830	38,700	37,130
65 years and over	0	0	0	14,140	6,190	7,950
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	30,290	15,300	14,990
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	5,660	2,915	2,740
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	2,090	1,055	1,030
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	19,935	10,475	9,455
65 years and over	0	0	0	4,695	1,905	2,790
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	27.6	27.8	27.4
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	28.8	28.9	28.7
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	26.4	26.0	26.6
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	26.3	27.1	25.5
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	33.2	30.8	35.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	25,345	13,180	12,165
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	4,135	2,130	2,000
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	1,510	735	775
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	18,030	9,785	8,250
65 years and over	0	0	0	3,180	1,260	1,915
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	23.1	24.0	22.3
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	21.1	21.1	21.0
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	19.1	18.1	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	23.8	25.3	22.2
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	22.5	20.4	24.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	580	285	295	109,600	54,975	54,620
Official languages	580	290	295	104,285	53,040	51,245
English	580	285	295	70,780	37,415	33,365
French	0	0	0	93,100	47,055	46,045
Non-official languages	100	50	45	62,290	31,215	31,075
Aboriginal languages	95	55	45	25	20	10
Algonquian languages	95	50	45	15	15	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	100	55	45	15	15	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ojibway	100	50	45	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	62,265	31,200	31,065
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10,300	5,700	4,605
Berber languages	0	0	0	1,360	770	590
Kabyle	0	0	0	820	470	350
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	550	315	235
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	150	85	65
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	145	80	60
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	9,560	5,290	4,270
Amharic	0	0	0	20	15	0
Arabic	0	0	0	9,460	5,205	4,255
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	90	70	20
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	4,105	2,015	2,085
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	680	345	330
Vietnamese	0	0	0	3,460	1,700	1,755
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	295	110	190
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	40	10	30
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	55	30	20
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	220	70	150
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	4,310	2,080	2,235
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	205	105	95
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	4,065	1,950	2,115
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	25
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,860	965	890
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	1,815	940	875
Telugu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	37,300	18,285	19,015
Albanian	0	0	0	220	100	120
Armenian	0	0	0	185	95	90
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,365	565	795
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,355	565	795
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	80	40	35
Croatian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Czech	0	0	0	45	15	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Polish	0	0	0	440	195	245
Russian	0	0	0	675	280	395
Serbian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	30	10	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	200	90	105
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	990	495	490
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	30	10	25
Dutch	0	0	0	50	30	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	880	450	425
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5,120	2,525	2,595
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	9,200	4,955	4,240
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	8,825	4,780	4,045
Bengali	0	0	0	2,365	1,230	1,135
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,355	655	700
Hindi	0	0	0	1,835	1,040	795
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	45	25	20
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	3,230	1,935	1,300
Sindhi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	170	85	80
Urdu	0	0	0	2,320	1,250	1,070
Iranian languages	0	0	0	505	255	250
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	315	170	140
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	21,000	9,895	11,105
Catalan	0	0	0	40	30	10
Italian	0	0	0	5,140	2,370	2,770
Portuguese	0	0	0	3,110	1,555	1,555
Romanian	0	0	0	405	190	215
Spanish	0	0	0	13,530	6,385	7,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	185	90	100
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korean	0	0	0	120	50	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	1,700	975	730
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	235	130	105
Bamanankan	0	0	0	100	55	50
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	85	55	30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	75	55	20
Ga	0	0	0	25	20	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	200	115	90
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	65	40	20
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	140	90	50
Wolof	0	0	0	290	180	110
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	605	335	265
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	195	70	130
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	165	55	115
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,665	1,250	1,415
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,665	1,250	1,410
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,465	695	765
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	960	430	530
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	285	115	170
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	225	95	130
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	145	95	50
Lao	0	0	0	125	85	45
Thai	0	0	0	50	25	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	655	310	345
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	630	305	330
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	20	0	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	170	105	65
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	165	100	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	55	35
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	109,600	54,980	54,620
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	92,970	46,445	46,525
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	17,945	9,285	8,665
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	75,025	37,165	37,860
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	16,630	8,535	8,095
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	109,600	54,980	54,620
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	62,495	31,135	31,360
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	42,970	21,540	21,430
Before 1981	0	0	0	9,330	4,475	4,860
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	5,590	2,825	2,765
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	7,825	3,915	3,915
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	11,730	5,925	5,805
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	4,565	2,325	2,245
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	7,160	3,600	3,555
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	8,490	4,400	4,090
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	4,135	2,305	1,835
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	42,970	21,540	21,430
Under 5 years	0	0	0	3,180	1,565	1,615
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	5,405	2,935	2,470
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	9,825	4,305	5,520
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	21,475	11,370	10,105
45 years and over	0	0	0	3,085	1,370	1,720
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	42,970	21,540	21,425
Americas	0	0	0	9,430	4,550	4,880
Brazil	0	0	0	205	95	110
Colombia	0	0	0	655	285	370
El Salvador	0	0	0	790	415	375
Guyana	0	0	0	115	40	80
Haiti	0	0	0	3,125	1,495	1,630
Jamaica	0	0	0	75	20	55
Mexico	0	0	0	790	405	385
Peru	0	0	0	765	350	425
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	130	50	85
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	300	175	130
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	2,465	1,220	1,240
Europe	0	0	0	11,250	5,225	6,025
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	20	15	0
Croatia	0	0	0	20	10	0
France	0	0	0	2,465	1,195	1,270
Germany	0	0	0	105	35	70
Greece	0	0	0	2,970	1,370	1,600
Hungary	0	0	0	65	40	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	2,305	1,060	1,250
Netherlands	0	0	0	15	0	0
Poland	0	0	0	265	105	160
Portugal	0	0	0	1,450	690	760
Romania	0	0	0	300	140	160
Russian Federation	0	0	0	155	55	95
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	165	60	95
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	135	55	75
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	810	375	435
Africa	0	0	0	9,565	5,320	4,245
Algeria	0	0	0	3,335	1,870	1,470
Egypt	0	0	0	480	290	190
Ethiopia	0	0	0	35	15	15
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	2,345	1,290	1,055
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	10	20
Somalia	0	0	0	80	50	30
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	3,240	1,790	1,450
Asia	0	0	0	12,685	6,430	6,255
Afghanistan	0	0	0	80	50	30
Bangladesh	0	0	0	1,520	780	740
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	925	380	545
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	80	45	35
India	0	0	0	2,365	1,295	1,065
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	95	40	55
Iraq	0	0	0	50	30	20
Japan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	15	30
Lebanon	0	0	0	345	185	165
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,445	790	655
Philippines	0	0	0	220	65	150
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	1,210	640	570
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	105	60	45
Taiwan	0	0	0	65	20	45
Viet Nam	0	0	0	2,590	1,220	1,365
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,520	805	720
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	8,485	4,400	4,095
Americas	0	0	0	1,625	855	770
Brazil	0	0	0	75	35	35
Colombia	0	0	0	150	80	70
Cuba	0	0	0	75	35	35
Haiti	0	0	0	630	315	315
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	230	130	100
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	80	45	30
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	345	180	165
Europe	0	0	0	1,320	670	645
France	0	0	0	900	475	420
Germany	0	0	0	35	15	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	55	15	40
Romania	0	0	0	0	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	15	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	245	125	115
Africa	0	0	0	3,615	1,960	1,660
Algeria	0	0	0	1,095	575	525
Cameroon	0	0	0	165	80	90
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	45	30	15
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	190	120	70
Egypt	0	0	0	260	140	120
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	15	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	840	435	405
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	30	20	15
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	370	195	170
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	580	345	235
Asia	0	0	0	1,920	910	1,005
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	260	135	125
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	105	40	65
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	520	270	250
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iraq	0	0	0	30	10	15
Israel	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	20	10
Nepal	0	0	0	25	15	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	305	150	155
Philippines	0	0	0	40	10	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	190	85	100
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	40	15	25
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	110	45	65
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	140	65	70
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	585	285	295	109,600	54,980	54,620
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	47,735	24,125	23,610
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	23,000	11,925	11,070
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	580	285	295	38,870	18,930	19,940
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	34,290	17,430	16,860
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	14,595	8,145	6,455
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	8,240	5,390	2,850
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	6,360	2,755	3,605
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	11,725	4,760	6,965
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	7,390	4,190	3,205
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	580	335	245
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	580	290	290	109,600	54,975	54,620
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	580	285	295	585	280	300
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	575	285	290	565	275	295
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	570	280	285	300	150	150
Métis	10	10	0	240	120	125
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	10	0	0	109,015	54,695	54,315
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	580	285	295	109,600	54,980	54,620
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	570	280	290	170	100	70
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10	10	10	109,430	54,880	54,550
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	580	290	290	109,600	54,980	54,620
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	505	250	255	310	170	140
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	480	240	240	300	165	135
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	480	240	240	265	145	125
Métis single ancestry	0	0	10	25	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	15	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	10	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	15	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	70	35	35	2,435	1,090	1,345
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	60	25	30	2,385	1,065	1,320
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	25	30	2,105	925	1,180
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	255	130	125
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	10	50	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10	0	10	106,860	53,720	53,140
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	585	285	295	109,600	54,975	54,620
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	44,455	22,940	21,510
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	10,980	5,815	5,160
Chinese	0	0	0	2,390	1,060	1,335
Black	0	0	0	9,325	4,815	4,505
Filipino	0	0	0	315	105	210
Latin American	0	0	0	6,780	3,430	3,350
Arab	0	0	0	8,315	4,560	3,755
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	4,300	2,120	2,175
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	470	260	215
Korean	0	0	0	150	60	95
Japanese	0	0	0	135	50	85
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	465	220	245
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	815	435	385
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	580	290	295	65,150	32,035	33,115
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	580	290	295	109,600	54,980	54,620
North American Aboriginal origins	575	285	290	2,740	1,260	1,485
First Nations (North American Indian)	565	280	285	2,425	1,100	1,325
Inuit	0	0	0	45	15	30
Métis	40	20	20	330	180	150
Other North American origins	0	0	0	31,375	15,210	16,170
Acadian	0	0	0	375	165	210
American	0	0	0	485	215	270
Canadian	0	0	0	28,610	13,740	14,875
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	20	15	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Québécois	0	0	0	2,580	1,390	1,190
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	10
European origins	80	40	40	45,305	22,335	22,970
British Isles origins	25	15	15	8,075	3,900	4,170
Channel Islander	0	0	0	40	25	15
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	0
English	10	0	10	2,460	1,170	1,290
Irish	10	0	0	4,750	2,235	2,525
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	10	10	0	2,330	1,120	1,210
Welsh	0	0	0	125	75	50
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	285	125	160
French origins	20	15	10	22,150	11,070	11,080
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	165	95	70
Corsican	0	0	0	50	25	30
French	25	15	10	22,025	10,995	11,030
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	3,455	1,620	1,835
Austrian	0	0	0	200	95	105
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	895	435	460
Dutch	0	0	0	315	145	170
Flemish	0	0	0	45	25	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,835	850	985
Luxembourger	0	0	0	15	10	10
Swiss	0	0	0	410	205	215
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	30	15	20	295	170	125
Danish	0	0	0	75	35	40
Finnish	0	0	0	25	20	0
Icelandic	35	10	20	15	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	75	60	20
Swedish	0	0	0	95	60	35
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	20	10	20
Eastern European origins	10	0	0	3,430	1,575	1,860
Bulgarian	0	0	0	110	55	55
Byelorussian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	120	55	65
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	435	220	215
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	25	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	90	30	55
Polish	0	0	0	1,225	520	710
Romanian	0	0	0	475	250	225
Russian	0	0	0	705	295	415
Slovak	0	0	0	55	20	35
Ukrainian	10	0	10	655	300	355
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Southern European origins	0	0	0	18,220	8,865	9,355
Albanian	0	0	0	240	115	120
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	35	20	15
Croatian	0	0	0	55	20	40
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5,490	2,730	2,765
Italian	0	0	0	7,515	3,575	3,940
Kosovar	0	0	0	25	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	25	20	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	3,145	1,585	1,565
Serbian	0	0	0	65	25	45
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	0	0	0	2,455	1,235	1,220
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	50	25	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	400	240	160
Basque	0	0	0	35	20	20
Jewish	0	0	0	255	155	100
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	85	60	30
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	6,610	3,255	3,355
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cuban	0	0	0	335	155	185
Dominican	0	0	0	835	440	395
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	40	20	20
Haitian	0	0	0	4,885	2,435	2,455
Jamaican	0	0	0	200	105	100
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	40	10	35
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	105	45	55
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	65	30	35
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	150	60	90
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	130	75	50
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	7,285	3,625	3,665
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	305	145	165
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	95	35	65
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	100	60	45
Brazilian	0	0	0	305	145	160
Chilean	0	0	0	570	310	255
Colombian	0	0	0	880	410	470
Costa Rican	0	0	0	50	30	25
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	100	55	45
Guatemalan	0	0	0	740	395	340
Guyanese	0	0	0	140	50	90
Hispanic	0	0	0	40	15	30
Honduran	0	0	0	245	105	145
Maya	0	0	0	70	40	40
Mexican	0	0	0	1,190	630	555
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	150	55	95
Panamanian	0	0	0	60	40	25
Paraguayan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	985	475	510
Salvadorean	0	0	0	1,375	705	675
Uruguayan	0	0	0	75	35	40
Venezuelan	0	0	0	180	85	95
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	325	165	160
African origins	0	0	0	13,590	7,485	6,110
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	2,520	1,410	1,110
Akan	0	0	0	60	35	25
Angolan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	30	25	0
Beninese	0	0	0	145	75	70
Burkinabe	0	0	0	185	105	80
Cameroonian	0	0	0	465	210	260
Chadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congolese	0	0	0	305	165	135
Edo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	265	145	115
Guinean	0	0	0	80	60	15
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	160	100	60
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	100	55	45
Malinké	0	0	0	50	25	20
Nigerian	0	0	0	120	55	65
Peulh	0	0	0	45	20	25
Senegalese	0	0	0	330	210	120
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	160	95	65
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	15	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	185	115	70
North African origins	0	0	0	9,195	5,080	4,110
Algerian	0	0	0	3,240	1,805	1,430
Berber	0	0	0	1,585	865	715
Coptic	0	0	0	25	10	20
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	635	365	270
Libyan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maure	0	0	0	15	15	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	2,885	1,580	1,310
Sudanese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	1,005	565	435
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	185	120	65
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	655	355	295
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	50	35	20
Burundian	0	0	0	65	40	25
Djiboutian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	60	50	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	110	45	70
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	60	25	40
Seychellois	0	0	0	15	15	0
Somali	0	0	0	135	75	65
South African	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	80	20	60
Other African origins	0	0	0	1,300	690	610
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	1,250	660	590
Asian origins	0	0	0	23,545	11,990	11,565
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	4,750	2,530	2,215
Afghan	0	0	0	205	100	105
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	2,010	1,115	900
Armenian	0	0	0	255	135	120
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	180	100	85
Iraqi	0	0	0	65	40	20
Israeli	0	0	0	50	35	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kazakh	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurd	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	880	455	425
Palestinian	0	0	0	110	60	55
Pashtun	0	0	0	65	35	30
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	240	110	130
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	710	340	365
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	25	10	20
Yemeni	0	0	0	75	45	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	0	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	10,795	5,700	5,095
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	1,335	705	635
Bengali	0	0	0	810	410	405
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	4,520	2,440	2,085
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	75	35	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	65	45	25
Nepali	0	0	0	40	20	20
Pakistani	0	0	0	2,020	1,025	990
Punjabi	0	0	0	490	310	180
Sinhalese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	1,570	805	770
Tamil	0	0	0	280	140	140
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	205	105	100
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	7,895	3,670	4,225
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	915	460	460
Chinese	0	0	0	3,500	1,595	1,905
Filipino	0	0	0	345	125	215
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	175	65	110
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	155	65	90
Laotian	0	0	0	220	115	100
Malaysian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	0	20
Thai	0	0	0	40	20	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	3,495	1,730	1,770
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	345	200	145
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	340	200	145
Oceania origins	0	0	0	85	40	50
Australian	0	0	0	45	30	20
New Zealander	0	0	0	35	15	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
Owner	15	...	...	14,555	...	...
Renter	10	...	...	37,735	...	...
Band housing	150	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	6,790	...	...
Not condominium	165	...	...	45,500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	825	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	19,540	...	...
2 bedrooms	40	...	...	19,245	...	...
3 bedrooms	75	...	...	10,295	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	40	...	...	2,385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	165	...	...	52,285	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	35	...	...	32,760	...	...
5 rooms	40	...	...	10,710	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	4,135	...	...
7 rooms	15	...	...	2,170	...	...
8 or more rooms	25	...	...	2,510	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
One person or fewer per room	145	...	...	50,195	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	2,090	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
Suitable	130	...	...	46,555	...	...
Not suitable	35	...	...	5,735	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
1960 or before	10	...	...	27,660	...	...
1961 to 1980	50	...	...	15,255	...	...
1981 to 1990	35	...	...	3,105	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	2,145	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	940	...	...
2006 to 2010	15	...	...	1,440	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	15	...	...	1,740	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	125	...	...	47,610	...	...
Major repairs needed	35	...	...	4,685	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
1 household maintainer	110	...	...	35,355	...	...
2 household maintainers	50	...	...	15,285	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	1,650	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	165	...	...	52,290	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	2,740	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	11,550	...	...
35 to 44 years	40	...	...	10,705	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	8,935	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	8,085	...	...
65 to 74 years	0	...	...	5,355	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	3,440	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,480	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	0	...	...	52,235	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	35,445	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	16,795	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	14,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	14,555	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	61.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	24.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,139	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,269	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	399,866	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	409,749	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	37,735	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	35.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	712	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	749	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	405	190	215	92,610	46,175	46,440
No certificate, diploma or degree	205	100	100	21,140	9,980	11,160
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	125	60	70	18,030	9,560	8,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	75	30	45	53,445	26,635	26,810
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	10	8,955	5,215	3,740
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15	10	10	6,455	3,540	2,915
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	2,505	1,680	825
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	30	10	20	13,850	7,010	6,840
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	3,690	1,640	2,045
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15	10	10	26,945	12,760	14,185
Bachelor's degree	10	10	0	15,845	7,555	8,290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,335	1,075	1,255
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	430	180	255
Master's degree	0	0	0	7,130	3,255	3,870
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,205	690	515
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	245	115	130	65,355	33,605	31,750
No certificate, diploma or degree	95	45	50	10,445	5,370	5,070
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	85	40	45	10,735	5,980	4,755
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	70	30	35	44,175	22,250	21,925
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	0	6,985	4,055	2,935
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20	15	0	5,110	2,815	2,295
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	1,870	1,240	635
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	10	20	10,210	5,425	4,785
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	2,940	1,330	1,610
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15	0	10	24,040	11,445	12,595
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	13,680	6,610	7,070
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,115	960	1,155
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	390	160	235
Master's degree	0	0	0	6,745	3,100	3,650
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	1,110	615	495
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	405	190	215	92,610	46,170	46,445
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	330	160	170	39,170	19,540	19,630
Education	15	0	10	2,805	690	2,115
13. Education	15	0	10	2,805	690	2,115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	5,010	2,435	2,570
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	650	470	180
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	4,360	1,965	2,395
Humanities	0	0	0	4,875	2,155	2,725
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	810	235	570
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	390	135	255
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	1,810	840	970
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	370	245	130
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	135	85	55
54. History	0	0	0	480	275	200
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	870	340	525
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	7,870	2,850	5,020
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	135	35	100
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	1,595	505	1,090
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	910	125	785
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,195	485	710
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	220	55	165
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,090	320	765
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,735	1,335	1,400
Business, management and public administration	20	10	15	10,340	4,665	5,680
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	725	175	550
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	0	0	10	9,600	4,475	5,120
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,835	1,540	1,300
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	1,115	470	645
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	275	175	100
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	405	190	215
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	950	645	305
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	80	55	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,820	2,085	735
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,180	1,750	425
25. Library science	0	0	0	270	75	195
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	340	235	105
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	35	25	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	8,365	7,155	1,210
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	745	355	390
14. Engineering	0	0	0	3,040	2,515	530
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,245	1,110	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	10	0	1,325	1,280	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	1,270	1,205	60
48. Precision production	0	0	0	740	690	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	545	275	265
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	370	185	180
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	180	90	90
Health and related fields	0	10	10	5,460	1,340	4,130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	415	210	200
51. Health professions and related programs	10	10	0	4,940	1,090	3,855
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	110	40	70
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	10	2,500	1,445	1,055
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,605	660	940
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	455	375	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	0	420	390	35
Other	0	0	0	10	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	245	120	130	65,355	33,605	31,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	180	85	90	21,180	11,355	9,825
Education	15	0	10	2,340	580	1,755
13. Education	15	0	10	2,340	585	1,755
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	4,335	2,160	2,175
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	525	380	140
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	3,810	1,775	2,035
Humanities	0	0	0	3,755	1,705	2,045
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	690	225	465
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	340	130	220
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,235	625	615
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	300	195	110
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	80	40	35
54. History	0	0	0	415	240	170
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	680	260	425
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	0	6,685	2,495	4,200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	125	30	95
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	1,375	460	910
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	710	75	630
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,085	450	635
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	170	50	125
42. Psychology	0	0	0	910	285	625
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,310	1,145	1,170
Business, management and public administration	15	0	15	8,700	3,945	4,760
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	10	10	650	155	490
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	0	8,040	3,775	4,265
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,090	1,150	940
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	980	415	565
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	155	110	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	90	50	40
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	785	520	265
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	55	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,475	1,840	635
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,940	1,555	380
25. Library science	0	0	0	230	65	165
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	285	200	85
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	0	0	6,905	5,860	1,045
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	710	350	360
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,675	2,200	470
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	10	0	975	880	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	980	955	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	1,000	950	50
48. Precision production	0	0	0	565	530	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	475	235	235
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	290	145	150
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	180	90	90
Health and related fields	10	10	10	4,405	1,115	3,295
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	355	190	165
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	0	3,960	890	3,065
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	90	30	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	10	0	1,995	1,170	825
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,285	530	755
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	350	300	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	0	345	325	20
Other	0	0	0	15	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	15	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	405	190	215	92,610	46,170	46,440
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	330	165	170	39,170	19,540	19,625
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	75	30	45	53,445	26,635	26,815
Location of study inside Canada	75	30	45	41,420	20,055	21,365
Same as province or territory of residence	70	25	40	40,150	19,430	20,720
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	1,270	625	650
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	12,025	6,575	5,450
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	305	190	120
Philippines	0	0	0	120	40	80
India	0	0	0	625	420	210
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	200	90	110
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	215	85	130
France	0	0	0	2,845	1,490	1,355
Other	0	0	0	7,710	4,265	3,445
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	245	120	130	65,355	33,605	31,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	180	90	95	21,185	11,350	9,830
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	65	30	40	44,175	22,250	21,920
Location of study inside Canada	65	30	40	33,790	16,680	17,105
Same as province or territory of residence	65	30	35	32,710	16,115	16,590
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	10	1,080	560	515
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	10,380	5,575	4,810
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	240	145	100
Philippines	0	0	0	115	35	80
India	0	0	0	420	245	175
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	175	85	90
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	190	75	115
France	0	0	0	2,515	1,285	1,225
Other	0	0	0	6,730	3,705	3,030
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	405	190	215	92,610	46,170	46,445
In the labour force	190	110	80	60,340	32,110	28,230
Employed	125	65	65	54,295	28,645	25,645
Unemployed	65	50	15	6,050	3,465	2,580
Not in the labour force	215	80	135	32,270	14,060	18,210
Participation rate	46.9	57.9	37.2	65.2	69.5	60.8
Employment rate	30.9	34.2	30.2	58.6	62.0	55.2
Unemployment rate	34.2	45.5	18.8	10.0	10.8	9.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	405	195	215	92,610	46,170	46,440
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	270	115	150	32,305	14,165	18,140
Worked	140	75	65	60,305	32,005	28,300
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	75	35	40	25,145	14,140	11,005
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	65	35	25	35,160	17,870	17,290
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	36.7	44.8	41.3	41.7	40.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	190	115	75	60,340	32,110	28,230
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	40	15	2,605	1,365	1,240
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	140	75	65	57,740	30,745	26,990
Employee	140	75	65	51,530	26,985	24,545
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10	0	0	6,205	3,755	2,450
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	190	115	75	60,340	32,110	28,230
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	35	15	2,605	1,365	1,245
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	140	75	65	57,735	30,745	26,990
0 Management occupations	10	0	10	4,340	2,590	1,755
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10	0	0	8,855	3,445	5,410
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	4,540	3,560	980
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	3,385	815	2,575
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	45	10	35	7,990	2,640	5,355
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	4,135	2,190	1,945
6 Sales and service occupations	20	10	10	16,140	8,745	7,400
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	10	4,505	4,310	200
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	15	0	255	185	70
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	3,580	2,270	1,305
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	190	110	75	60,345	32,110	28,235
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	50	35	15	2,605	1,365	1,245
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	140	75	65	57,735	30,745	26,995
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	0	0	230	140	90
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	40	25	20
22 Utilities	0	0	0	235	135	95
23 Construction	15	15	0	1,550	1,385	165
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	5,660	3,805	1,860
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	2,030	1,380	645
44-45 Retail trade	10	10	0	6,470	3,285	3,180
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	10	0	2,190	1,780	410
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	2,860	1,750	1,105
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	2,105	1,065	1,040
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	815	495	315
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	5,390	3,125	2,270
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	55	10	40
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	3,435	2,040	1,395
61 Educational services	25	0	25	5,550	2,130	3,420
62 Health care and social assistance	35	10	25	6,520	1,505	5,010
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	1,915	985	925
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	5,580	3,310	2,265
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	10	0	3,020	1,300	1,725
91 Public administration	20	10	10	2,095	1,085	1,010
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	125	60	60	54,295	28,650	25,645
Worked at home	0	0	0	3,385	1,780	1,605
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	175	110	60
No fixed workplace address	15	15	10	4,645	3,200	1,440
Worked at usual place	110	50	55	46,090	23,560	22,535
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	110	50	60	46,095	23,555	22,535
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	95	40	55	38,330	18,935	19,395
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	15	10	10	2,595	1,530	1,065
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	0	5,015	2,970	2,045
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	150	115	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	125	60	60	50,735	26,760	23,980
Car, truck, van - as a driver	80	40	40	18,630	12,220	6,410
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	20	15	10	1,270	475	790
Public transit	0	0	0	23,585	10,465	13,120
Walked	15	0	10	3,930	1,680	2,240
Bicycle	0	0	0	2,825	1,610	1,215
Other method	10	10	10	500	300	200
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	125	65	65	50,735	26,760	23,980
Less than 15 minutes	90	35	50	5,760	3,000	2,765
15 to 29 minutes	25	15	0	16,275	8,915	7,355
30 to 44 minutes	10	10	0	17,780	9,455	8,330
45 to 59 minutes	0	10	0	6,655	3,190	3,460
60 minutes and over	10	0	0	4,255	2,190	2,065
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	125	60	60	50,735	26,760	23,975
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	10	0	2,510	1,810	700
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	20	10	6,665	3,965	2,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	20	10	0	13,020	6,165	6,860
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	65	20	40	12,595	5,680	6,915
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	10	7,655	3,925	3,730
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	15	10	0	8,280	5,210	3,075
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	140	75	65	62,850	33,280	29,570
Single responses	145	75	70	53,950	28,340	25,615
Official languages	145	75	65	52,745	27,680	25,065
English	140	75	65	10,935	6,435	4,500
French	0	0	0	41,805	21,240	20,565
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,210	655	555
Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,205	655	550
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	35	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	50	35	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	50	35	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	310	160	145
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	40	25	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	270	135	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	20	15
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	570	340	230
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	110	55	50
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	185	120	65
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	185	125	65
Bengali	0	0	0	35	30	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	85	60	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	35	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	250	145	105
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	190	120	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	205	85	115
Chinese languages	0	0	0	200	90	115
Cantonese	0	0	0	110	45	60
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	50	20	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	8,900	4,945	3,950
English and French	0	0	0	7,445	4,125	3,320
English and non-official language	0	0	0	455	305	155
French and non-official language	0	0	0	460	235	220
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	540	280	255
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	140	80	70	62,850	33,280	29,570
None	110	65	45	35,790	18,540	17,250
English	0	0	0	18,685	10,070	8,615
French	0	0	0	5,500	3,005	2,490
Non-official language	35	15	20	1,965	1,125	835
Aboriginal	35	10	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,965	1,130	835
English and French	0	0	0	75	50	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	615	335	275
French and non-official language	0	0	0	220	150	75
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	575	285	290	108,190	54,240	53,950
Non-movers	550	270	280	90,795	45,310	45,485
Movers	25	10	15	17,395	8,930	8,470
Non-migrants	20	10	10	12,755	6,515	6,245
Migrants	0	0	10	4,635	2,415	2,225
Internal migrants	0	0	0	2,490	1,315	1,180
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,110	1,120	990
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	385	195	190
External migrants	0	0	0	2,140	1,100	1,045
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	535	270	270	102,975	51,635	51,345
Non-movers	440	215	225	54,230	26,775	27,455
Movers	95	55	45	48,745	24,860	23,890
Non-migrants	75	40	35	31,690	16,190	15,500
Migrants	20	10	10	17,055	8,665	8,395
Internal migrants	20	15	10	7,645	3,785	3,860
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	10	6,760	3,285	3,475
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	885	495	385
External migrants	0	0	0	9,410	4,880	4,530

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hole or Hollow Water 10, IRI [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 25, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hole or Hollow Water 10, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Manitoba and Papineau [Federal electoral district], Quebec