Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Perth [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 22, CDR Manitoba [Census division]			Perth Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Map : Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Perth [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	42,165	...	...	5,573	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	40,923	...	...	5,580^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.0	...	...	-0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	12,356	...	...	2,875	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	10,891	...	...	2,725	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.5	...	...	793.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	92,083.25	...	...	7.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	42,165	21,365	20,800	5,575	2,425	3,145
0 to 14 years	13,845	7,055	6,790	560	280	275
0 to 4 years	4,845	2,525	2,315	180	90	90
5 to 9 years	4,925	2,420	2,510	190	90	100
10 to 14 years	4,075	2,115	1,965	185	95	90
15 to 64 years	26,160	13,230	12,930	2,990	1,380	1,615
15 to 19 years	3,615	1,850	1,765	230	110	120
20 to 24 years	3,460	1,695	1,765	285	140	140
25 to 29 years	3,360	1,720	1,640	280	140	140
30 to 34 years	2,855	1,390	1,460	240	120	120
35 to 39 years	2,555	1,255	1,305	215	105	105
40 to 44 years	2,380	1,205	1,175	230	100	130
45 to 49 years	2,480	1,265	1,220	270	115	155
50 to 54 years	2,340	1,235	1,105	375	180	195
55 to 59 years	1,820	945	875	450	185	265
60 to 64 years	1,295	675	615	420	180	240
65 years and over	2,160	1,075	1,080	2,025	770	1,260
65 to 69 years	955	500	455	440	190	250
70 to 74 years	590	310	275	375	140	235
75 to 79 years	355	155	195	415	165	250
80 to 84 years	165	65	100	325	130	200
85 years and over	100	45	55	465	145	325
85 to 89 years	65	30	35	250	90	155
90 to 94 years	30	10	15	170	40	125
95 to 99 years	0	0	5	45	10	30
100 years and over	0	0	0	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	32.8	33.0	32.6	10.0	11.5	8.7
15 to 64 years	62.0	61.9	62.2	53.6	56.9	51.4
65 years and over	5.1	5.0	5.2	36.3	31.8	40.1
85 years and over	0.2	0.2	0.3	8.3	6.0	10.3
Average age of the population	28.6	28.5	28.6	52.2	49.2	54.5
Median age of the population	25.2	25.2	25.2	56.0	53.0	58.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	10,890	...	...	2,725	...	...
Single-detached house	7,115	...	...	1,310	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	265	...	...	75	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,535	...	...	1,340	...	...
Semi-detached house	295	...	...	285	...	...
Row house	880	...	...	135	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	25	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,330	...	...	865	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	970	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	10,890	...	...	2,725	...	...
1 person	1,840	...	...	1,190	...	...
2 persons	2,275	...	...	1,005	...	...
3 persons	1,605	...	...	280	...	...
4 persons	1,625	...	...	175	...	...
5 or more persons	3,545	...	...	70	...	...
Number of persons in private households	41,830	...	...	5,135	...	...
Average household size	3.8	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	28,320	14,305	14,010	5,015	2,150	2,870
Married or living common law	13,915	6,975	6,945	2,445	1,225	1,220
Married	10,170	5,100	5,065	1,985	995	990
Living common law	3,745	1,870	1,880	465	230	235
Not married and not living common law	14,400	7,335	7,065	2,570	925	1,650
Never married	11,820	6,290	5,530	1,160	585	575
Separated	810	390	420	205	65	140
Divorced	725	355	375	465	140	320
Widowed	1,040	305	740	735	130	610
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	10,390	...	...	1,470	...	...
2 persons	3,715	...	...	990	...	...
3 persons	2,390	...	...	265	...	...
4 persons	1,935	...	...	165	...	...
5 or more persons	2,350	...	...	50	...	...
Average size of census families	3.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	10,390	...	...	1,470	...	...
Total couple families	6,720	...	...	1,160	...	...
Married couples	4,850	...	...	930	...	...
Common-law couples	1,875	...	...	230	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,675	...	...	310	...	...
Female parent	2,655	...	...	260	...	...
Male parent	1,015	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,720	...	...	1,160	...	...
Couples without children	2,050	...	...	780	...	...
Couples with children	4,670	...	...	380	...	...
1 child	1,495	...	...	190	...	...
2 children	1,380	...	...	145	...	...
3 or more children	1,790	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,670	...	...	310	...	...
1 child	1,665	...	...	210	...	...
2 children	895	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more children	1,105	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,390	3,090	2,300	1,425	510	920
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	10,890	...	...	2,725	...	...
One-census-family households	7,120	...	...	1,430	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,575	...	...	770	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,550	...	...	660	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,520	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,245	...	...	1,275	...	...
One-person households	1,840	...	...	1,195	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	405	...	...	85	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	41,935	21,255	20,680	5,270	2,325	2,940
English only	40,675	20,655	20,025	4,740	2,120	2,620
French only	25	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	955	455	505	510	200	310
Neither English nor French	280	140	135	15	10	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	41,935	21,255	20,680	5,265	2,325	2,935
English	41,410	20,985	20,425	5,135	2,280	2,855
French	225	120	105	110	40	75
English and French	30	20	10	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	265	130	135	15	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	235	130	110	115	40	75
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.6	0.6	0.5	2.2	1.7	2.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	41,935	21,255	20,680	5,270	2,330	2,940
Single responses	40,870	20,725	20,145	5,235	2,320	2,925
Official languages	24,475	12,550	11,930	5,110	2,265	2,845
English	24,245	12,425	11,820	4,995	2,225	2,770
French	230	125	110	115	40	75
Non-official languages	16,395	8,175	8,220	130	55	80
Aboriginal languages	14,820	7,365	7,455	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	14,765	7,345	7,425	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	8,935	4,375	4,565	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	255	115	135	0	0	0
Woods Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	8,635	4,240	4,400	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5,825	2,970	2,855	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	80	40	40	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5,745	2,925	2,820	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	50	15	30	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,575	810	760	130	50	75
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	15	5	5
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	45	25	20	15	5	5
Amharic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	15	15	15	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	45	80	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	40	65	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,180	635	545	95	40	60
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	110	60	50	15	10	5
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	110	60	45	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	20	10	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	10	0	5	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	60	35	25	0	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	100	55	50	55	20	35
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dutch	15	10	10	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	40	40	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	795	430	360	10	10	5
Indo-Aryan languages	780	425	360	10	10	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	280	145	135	5	5	0
Hindi	50	20	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	15	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	345	195	150	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	55	30	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	70	75	10	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Portuguese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	5	5	5	0
Spanish	50	30	25	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	70	30	45	0	0	5
Chinese languages	70	25	40	5	5	0
Cantonese	20	5	10	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	20	35	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	0	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	5
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,065	530	535	25	10	15
English and French	55	30	25	15	10	10
English and non-official language	1,005	495	510	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	41,935	21,255	20,680	5,270	2,330	2,940
Single responses	40,440	20,525	19,915	5,235	2,320	2,910
Official languages	29,530	14,920	14,610	5,200	2,305	2,890
English	29,465	14,890	14,580	5,185	2,300	2,885
French	65	30	35	20	10	15
Non-official languages	10,905	5,605	5,305	35	20	20
Aboriginal languages	10,080	5,170	4,910	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10,055	5,160	4,890	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5,330	2,735	2,595	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	50	20	30	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5,265	2,710	2,560	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	4,730	2,425	2,300	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	4,695	2,410	2,285	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	25	5	15	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	830	435	390	40	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	0	10	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	5	15	10	5
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	660	350	315	20	10	10
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	15	15	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	565	300	260	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	560	300	255	10	5	5
Bengali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	195	105	95	10	5	5
Hindi	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	250	140	105	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	40	25	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	5	0	5	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,495	730	765	30	5	25
English and French	20	5	10	5	0	5
English and non-official language	1,460	710	745	25	5	20
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	41,930	21,255	20,680	5,265	2,325	2,940
None	27,055	13,825	13,225	5,125	2,275	2,855
English	7,235	3,740	3,495	25	10	15
French	205	90	115	70	20	50
Non-official language	7,400	3,580	3,815	40	15	20
Aboriginal	6,925	3,345	3,580	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	475	240	235	40	20	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	10	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	28,025	14,155	13,875	4,580	2,010	2,560
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,415	12,745	12,670	4,445	1,955	2,490
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,203	22,285	22,153	29,426	35,237	26,267
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,415	12,745	12,670	4,445	1,955	2,490
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,660	21,643	21,671	27,129	31,534	24,722
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,785	9,360	8,425	3,800	1,690	2,110
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,730	31,765	25,680	26,853	34,091	21,248
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,240	10,090	11,150	3,645	1,515	2,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,642	815	6,785	11,294	10,827	11,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,970	8,985	7,985	2,620	1,280	1,340
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,234	30,745	26,068	26,112	30,272	22,176
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	28,030	14,180	13,850	4,555	2,005	2,550
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,460	12,760	12,700	4,440	1,955	2,485
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,655	38,775	30,516	37,541	42,588	33,580
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,460	12,760	12,705	4,445	1,955	2,490
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,764	31,906	27,613	32,699	36,603	29,636
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,800	9,325	8,475	3,855	1,715	2,145
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,310	48,402	33,510	33,644	40,371	28,256
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,115	9,935	11,180	3,715	1,525	2,185
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,966	4,386	9,258	9,966	9,130	10,549
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,975	8,965	8,005	2,635	1,295	1,335
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,744	47,253	33,455	32,784	37,753	27,961
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	28,030	14,180	13,845	4,555	2,005	2,550
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,780	4,270	3,510	1,205	650	555
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,935	57,967	43,092	43,557	49,395	37,297
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,785	66,913	48,903	50,090	53,421	46,180
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.2	90.9	73.7	78.2	82.6	74.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	78.4	85.3	69.7	52.6	57.5	47.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.8	9.1	26.3	21.9	17.5	26.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	28,025	14,155	13,875	4,575	2,015	2,560
Without total income	2,615	1,405	1,205	130	60	70
With total income	25,415	12,745	12,670	4,450	1,955	2,490
Percentage with total income	90.7	90.0	91.3	97.3	97.0	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,665	4,345	3,315	470	190	285
$10,000 to $19,999	4,300	1,735	2,570	965	355	615
$20,000 to $29,999	3,100	1,240	1,860	815	310	505
$30,000 to $39,999	2,395	980	1,415	585	250	335
$40,000 to $49,999	1,750	785	970	480	220	260
$50,000 to $59,999	1,255	555	705	340	170	165
$60,000 to $69,999	960	450	510	275	150	125
$70,000 to $79,999	715	380	340	150	85	65
$80,000 to $89,999	700	425	280	110	70	45
$90,000 to $99,999	650	380	270	85	55	35
$100,000 and over	1,910	1,465	440	170	105	65
$100,000 to $149,999	1,620	1,260	365	120	75	50
$150,000 and over	285	210	75	45	30	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	28,030	14,150	13,875	4,580	2,015	2,560
Without after-tax income	2,610	1,410	1,200	130	60	70
With after-tax income	25,415	12,745	12,675	4,450	1,955	2,490
Percentage with after-tax income	90.7	90.1	91.4	97.2	97.0	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,695	4,355	3,340	500	190	310
$10,000 to $19,999	4,405	1,790	2,625	1,010	375	635
$20,000 to $29,999	3,385	1,360	2,020	925	355	570
$30,000 to $39,999	2,625	1,135	1,490	700	315	380
$40,000 to $49,999	1,940	875	1,065	495	240	250
$50,000 to $59,999	1,300	625	680	335	160	170
$60,000 to $69,999	1,185	665	520	180	120	60
$70,000 to $79,999	1,020	640	385	135	75	65
$80,000 and over	1,855	1,310	545	175	115	60
$80,000 to $89,999	775	545	230	65	35	25
$90,000 to $99,999	540	400	140	35	25	10
$100,000 and over	545	360	180	75	50	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	28,025	14,150	13,875	4,575	2,010	2,560
Without employment income	11,055	5,165	5,890	1,950	730	1,220
With employment income	16,975	8,985	7,985	2,625	1,280	1,345
Percentage with employment income	60.6	63.5	57.5	57.4	63.7	52.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,995	1,515	1,480	455	215	240
$5,000 to $9,999	1,535	775	760	220	95	125
$10,000 to $19,999	2,225	1,125	1,095	430	170	260
$20,000 to $29,999	2,065	985	1,075	330	160	175
$30,000 to $39,999	1,675	750	925	315	145	170
$40,000 to $49,999	1,230	570	660	260	140	120
$50,000 to $59,999	930	425	500	175	105	70
$60,000 to $69,999	800	400	405	140	80	60
$70,000 to $79,999	615	320	295	75	40	40
$80,000 and over	2,910	2,115	795	215	135	75
$80,000 to $89,999	645	415	235	55	35	20
$90,000 to $99,999	565	340	225	65	30	30
$100,000 and over	1,700	1,360	340	90	65	25
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	10,890	...	...	2,725	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,061	...	...	49,829	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,665	...	...	44,843	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,840	...	...	1,195	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,656	...	...	29,491	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,590	...	...	27,648	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	9,055	...	...	1,530	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,507	...	...	70,016	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,030	...	...	62,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	10,890	...	...	2,730	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,012	...	...	61,110	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,591	...	...	53,228	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,855	...	...	1,190	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	56,059	...	...	37,667	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,170	...	...	33,014	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	9,035	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,144	...	...	79,238	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,613	...	...	68,860	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	10,890	...	...	2,725	...	...
Under $5,000	370	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	230	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	365	...	...	130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	495	...	...	180	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	455	...	...	220	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	540	...	...	155	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	505	...	...	175	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	490	...	...	155	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	470	...	...	135	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	410	...	...	140	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	815	...	...	265	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	700	...	...	205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	570	...	...	180	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	570	...	...	150	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	500	...	...	110	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,400	...	...	440	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,100	...	...	200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	770	...	...	105	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	945	...	...	85	...	...
$200,000 and over	590	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,890	...	...	2,725	...	...
Under $5,000	375	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	230	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	365	...	...	130	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	505	...	...	190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	475	...	...	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	590	...	...	170	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	530	...	...	225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	540	...	...	165	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	510	...	...	170	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	495	...	...	160	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	870	...	...	280	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	810	...	...	210	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	730	...	...	200	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	650	...	...	130	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	630	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,600	...	...	290	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,085	...	...	155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	750	...	...	50	...	...
$150,000 and over	765	...	...	80	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,890	...	...	1,465	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,824	...	...	70,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,744	...	...	63,232	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,470	...	...	755	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,827	...	...	70,880	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,589	...	...	63,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,710	...	...	380	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,848	...	...	95,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,589	...	...	82,688	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	5.4	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,280	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,416	...	...	44,288	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	37,696	...	...	40,960	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	4.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,865	...	...	1,470	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,480	...	...	79,441	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,255	...	...	68,968	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,505	...	...	770	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	107,809	...	...	77,671	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,924	...	...	67,445	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,675	...	...	375	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,473	...	...	108,563	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,455	...	...	92,567	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,280	...	...	310	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,628	...	...	49,782	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,625	...	...	45,019	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,650	1,640	1,010	1,360	490	875
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,696	41,728	34,048	28,109	27,200	28,576
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,118	37,056	31,168	26,155	25,280	26,352
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,690	1,650	1,045	1,385	475	905
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	49,484	52,931	44,053	36,275	40,646	33,972
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,251	42,272	37,068	31,838	34,806	30,273
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	41,825	21,190	20,635	5,130	2,295	2,840
In the bottom half of the distribution	29,690	14,800	14,890	3,095	1,305	1,795
In the bottom decile	13,495	6,760	6,735	660	295	375
In the second decile	5,790	2,835	2,960	725	290	440
In the third decile	4,285	2,125	2,165	665	275	395
In the fourth decile	3,335	1,680	1,650	545	235	305
In the fifth decile	2,780	1,395	1,385	495	215	285
In the top half of the distribution	12,135	6,395	5,745	2,035	990	1,050
In the sixth decile	2,570	1,320	1,245	535	255	275
In the seventh decile	2,420	1,265	1,155	495	235	260
In the eighth decile	2,380	1,260	1,125	410	200	205
In the ninth decile	2,630	1,365	1,265	385	195	190
In the top decile	2,140	1,185	960	210	100	110
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	15,975	8,055	7,925	5,130	2,290	2,840
0 to 17 years	4,905	2,460	2,440	695	340	355
0 to 5 years	1,700	875	825	205	110	95
18 to 64 years	10,100	5,105	4,990	2,810	1,295	1,510
65 years and over	975	490	485	1,630	650	980
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,745	1,225	1,520	1,010	415	595
0 to 17 years	1,350	655	695	185	90	90
0 to 5 years	525	250	270	75	40	35
18 to 64 years	1,280	530	750	615	260	355
65 years and over	120	45	75	215	65	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.2	15.2	19.2	19.7	18.1	21.0
0 to 17 years (%)	27.5	26.6	28.5	26.6	26.5	25.4
0 to 5 years (%)	30.9	28.6	32.7	36.6	36.4	36.8
18 to 64 years (%)	12.7	10.4	15.0	21.9	20.1	23.5
65 years and over (%)	12.3	9.2	15.5	13.2	10.0	15.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,185	550	635	420	185	240
0 to 17 years	520	260	255	70	30	40
0 to 5 years	215	105	110	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	655	285	370	330	140	190
65 years and over	10	5	10	20	15	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.4	6.8	8.0	8.2	8.1	8.5
0 to 17 years (%)	10.6	10.6	10.5	10.1	8.8	11.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.6	12.0	13.3	12.2	9.1	15.8
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	5.6	7.4	11.7	10.8	12.6
65 years and over (%)	1.0	1.0	2.1	1.2	2.3	1.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	41,825	21,190	20,630	5,140	2,310	2,830
Official languages	41,520	21,050	20,470	5,135	2,305	2,830
English	41,500	21,040	20,465	5,135	2,305	2,830
French	900	440	465	480	210	270
Non-official languages	21,035	10,475	10,555	215	70	145
Aboriginal languages	19,155	9,545	9,605	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	19,135	9,540	9,595	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	12,255	6,005	6,245	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	35	10	20	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	25	30	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	370	165	210	0	0	0
Woods Cree	50	30	25	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	11,755	5,780	5,975	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	6,945	3,565	3,385	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	120	60	60	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	6,835	3,515	3,325	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,890	935	955	220	75	145
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	25	10	10	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	25	10	0	0	10
Amharic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	10	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	105	30	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	30	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,470	740	730	175	60	110
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	140	80	60	15	10	10
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	135	70	60	15	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	40	25	0	0	0
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	15	0	15	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	100	60	40	95	35	65
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	20	10	10	15	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	45	25	65	25	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	985	495	485	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	975	490	490	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	360	185	175	0	0	0
Hindi	485	245	240	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	20	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	420	210	205	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	95	25	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	95	135	60	20	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Portuguese	145	70	70	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	75	20	50	55	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	15	15	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	105	65	45	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	15	10	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	55	30	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	15	0	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	35	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	75	40	40	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	35	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	10	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	0	0	0	5,140	2,305	2,830
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	0	0	0	5,055	2,260	2,795
Canadian citizens aged under 18	0	0	0	700	360	340
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	0	0	0	4,350	1,895	2,455
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	85	45	35
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	0	0	0	5,135	2,305	2,830
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	0	0	0	4,780	2,175	2,600
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	345	125	220
Before 1981	0	0	0	250	95	160
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	40	10	30
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	10	0	0
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	45	20	25
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	10	10	0
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	35	15	25
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	345	130	220
Under 5 years	0	0	0	50	15	40
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	60	30	30
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	105	30	75
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	110	45	65
45 years and over	0	0	0	20	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	345	125	220
Americas	0	0	0	95	50	50
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	75	35	35
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	10
Europe	0	0	0	215	70	140
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	30	15	15
Greece	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	15	10	10
Poland	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	130	40	95
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	20	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	15	0	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	41,830	21,195	20,635	5,135	2,305	2,830
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,820	905	915	400	145	250
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,245	620	625	585	280	310
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	38,760	19,670	19,095	4,150	1,880	2,270
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	105	40	65
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	55	20	35
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	35	10	25
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	41,830	21,195	20,635	5,135	2,310	2,830
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	33,385	16,740	16,650	140	75	65
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	33,280	16,705	16,570	125	70	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	31,495	15,800	15,690	90	55	35
Métis	1,755	890	870	35	15	20
Inuk (Inuit)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	15	30	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	60	20	40	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	8,440	4,455	3,985	4,995	2,230	2,765
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	41,825	21,195	20,630	5,135	2,305	2,830
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	31,420	15,715	15,710	25	15	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,410	5,480	4,925	5,115	2,290	2,820
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	41,830	21,195	20,635	5,135	2,305	2,830
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	28,335	14,165	14,175	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	28,060	14,035	14,025	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	27,710	13,840	13,870	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	355	195	160	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	275	130	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	260	120	145	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,445	2,265	2,185	175	80	105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,175	2,110	2,065	180	75	100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,405	1,765	1,640	140	70	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	765	340	420	40	10	35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	275	155	120	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	260	150	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	9,045	4,760	4,275	4,945	2,220	2,720
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	41,825	21,190	20,635	5,135	2,305	2,830
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,745	875	865	65	25	35
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,015	510	505	10	0	0
Chinese	110	70	45	0	0	0
Black	295	150	150	20	10	10
Filipino	140	45	95	0	0	0
Latin American	25	10	10	0	0	0
Arab	25	15	10	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	20	0	15	25	0	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	25	20	10	0	10
Japanese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	40,080	20,315	19,765	5,075	2,280	2,790
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	41,830	21,195	20,635	5,140	2,305	2,830
North American Aboriginal origins	32,785	16,430	16,355	195	85	110
First Nations (North American Indian)	31,655	15,880	15,770	155	80	75
Inuit	30	20	10	0	0	0
Métis	1,640	810	835	45	10	40
Other North American origins	4,740	2,440	2,300	1,800	855	945
Acadian	10	0	0	20	15	0
American	105	35	70	100	45	55
Canadian	4,625	2,385	2,240	1,725	820	905
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	25	10	0	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	10	0	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	8,840	4,625	4,210	4,135	1,815	2,320
British Isles origins	5,535	2,855	2,680	3,650	1,600	2,055
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,715	1,450	1,270	1,855	785	1,065
Irish	1,880	950	930	2,000	855	1,145
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,475	1,210	1,265	1,920	860	1,060
Welsh	100	40	60	95	45	50
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	155	90	65	145	65	80
French origins	1,995	1,055	935	645	265	380
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,995	1,055	935	645	260	380
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,955	1,000	955	820	395	420
Austrian	85	50	35	20	0	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	80	30	45	10	10	0
Dutch	385	215	170	200	100	95
Flemish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,505	750	755	635	310	330
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	25	10	15	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	805	400	405	150	95	55
Danish	75	35	40	30	15	15
Finnish	35	25	10	20	10	10
Icelandic	280	155	130	10	0	0
Norwegian	200	115	85	35	30	10
Swedish	195	70	125	45	25	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	50	20	25	15	10	10
Eastern European origins	2,080	1,055	1,025	180	95	90
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	40	20	20	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	120	50	70	35	15	20
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	590	315	270	105	60	45
Romanian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Russian	190	75	110	10	10	0
Slovak	45	35	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,425	705	710	30	15	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Southern European origins	510	250	260	205	85	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	85	60	25	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	10	20	0	20
Italian	140	55	80	160	75	80
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	250	120	130	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	10	15	0	15
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	0	15	15	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	40	25	15	25	10	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	10	0	15	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	25	15	10	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	175	75	100	20	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	145	60	80	20	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	90	30	65	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	195	105	90	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	85	50	35	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	55	30	20	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	55	20	35	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,415	690	720	45	20	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	65	25	35	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Palestinian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	15	0	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,020	505	520	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	915	470	440	10	0	0
Goan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	20	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	85	20	65	0	0	0
Punjabi	80	30	45	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	340	155	185	30	10	20
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	110	60	50	0	0	0
Filipino	140	40	105	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	15	10	10	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	20	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	0	10	10	0	0
Australian	10	0	0	0	10	0
New Zealander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	10,890	...	...	2,730	...	...
Owner	3,540	...	...	1,495	...	...
Renter	2,950	...	...	1,230	...	...
Band housing	4,400	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	10,890	...	...	2,725	...	...
Condominium	235	...	...	210	...	...
Not condominium	10,655	...	...	2,515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	10,890	...	...	2,730	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,165	...	...	415	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,040	...	...	1,010	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,180	...	...	960	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,465	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	10,890	...	...	2,730	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,185	...	...	860	...	...
5 rooms	2,770	...	...	460	...	...
6 rooms	2,125	...	...	440	...	...
7 rooms	1,350	...	...	390	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,465	...	...	575	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.5	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	10,890	...	...	2,730	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,765	...	...	2,720	...	...
More than 1 person per room	2,125	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	10,890	...	...	2,730	...	...
Suitable	8,010	...	...	2,615	...	...
Not suitable	2,880	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	10,890	...	...	2,730	...	...
1960 or before	585	...	...	1,410	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,845	...	...	690	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,950	...	...	235	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,315	...	...	235	...	...
2001 to 2005	860	...	...	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	790	...	...	60	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	550	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	10,890	...	...	2,725	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,450	...	...	2,550	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,435	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	10,895	...	...	2,730	...	...
1 household maintainer	7,020	...	...	1,880	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,355	...	...	825	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	515	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	10,890	...	...	2,730	...	...
15 to 24 years	455	...	...	80	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,230	...	...	275	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,360	...	...	295	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,630	...	...	370	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,895	...	...	580	...	...
65 to 74 years	960	...	...	500	...	...
75 to 84 years	325	...	...	420	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	5,640	...	...	2,725	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,875	...	...	1,830	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	765	...	...	895	...	...
30% to less than 100%	685	...	...	840	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,135	...	...	1,490	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.4	...	...	45.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	4.8	...	...	13.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,138	...	...	816	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,173	...	...	1,026	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	210,523	...	...	240,187	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	219,600	...	...	268,137	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,505	...	...	1,235	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	19.1	...	...	14.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.6	...	...	55.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	883	...	...	865	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	933	...	...	882	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	28,030	14,180	13,850	4,555	2,005	2,555
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,860	7,410	6,450	890	420	475
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,410	3,040	3,370	1,485	720	765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,760	3,735	4,025	2,180	865	1,310
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,785	1,395	390	305	195	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	820	580	240	150	85	65
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	965	815	150	155	110	45
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,880	1,190	1,685	1,110	325	785
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	695	255	435	55	10	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,410	900	1,515	705	330	375
Bachelor's degree	1,875	690	1,195	460	195	270
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	60	120	40	15	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	10	30	15	15	0
Master's degree	295	125	165	155	85	70
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	15	0	40	20	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	18,945	9,605	9,340	2,430	1,140	1,295
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,665	4,270	3,395	290	185	100
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,400	2,090	2,310	785	430	355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,880	3,250	3,635	1,360	520	835
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,530	1,190	340	195	110	85
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	700	485	210	105	50	60
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	830	700	130	85	60	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,530	1,040	1,495	740	230	505
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	610	235	375	20	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,210	790	1,425	405	175	230
Bachelor's degree	1,720	600	1,120	290	115	175
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	160	55	100	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	10	30	10	10	0
Master's degree	285	115	165	90	50	45
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	28,030	14,175	13,850	4,550	2,005	2,550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	20,265	10,440	9,820	2,375	1,140	1,240
Education	1,100	270	830	210	70	140
13. Education	1,105	270	830	215	65	140
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	50	40	60	40	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	10	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	80	40	35	55	40	15
Humanities	270	95	165	100	30	70
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	0	35	0	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	140	45	95	25	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	20	25	15	10	0
54. History	30	15	15	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	540	150	385	220	50	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	15	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	240	30	210	75	0	65
22. Legal professions and studies	65	30	30	40	0	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	40	15	30	35	10	30
45. Social sciences	145	55	85	50	25	30
Business, management and public administration	1,260	360	900	370	95	275
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	280	80	200	65	20	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	975	280	700	300	75	225
Physical and life sciences and technologies	170	70	95	50	35	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	35	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	20	10	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	85	55	30	20	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	225	70	150	70	50	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	180	60	120	35	20	10
25. Library science	25	0	20	20	10	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	20	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,995	1,825	165	320	285	40
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	10	10
14. Engineering	225	175	45	45	35	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	300	235	70	65	60	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	650	625	30	110	100	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	630	610	20	70	70	0
48. Precision production	185	185	10	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	75	30	90	55	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	30	20	0	45	20	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	55	25	45	40	0
Health and related fields	1,205	235	970	485	80	405
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	30	30	60	30	25
51. Health professions and related programs	1,130	200	930	430	45	385
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	805	520	285	195	80	110
12. Personal and culinary services	330	100	225	145	35	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	215	170	45	30	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	265	250	15	20	20	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	18,945	9,605	9,340	2,430	1,135	1,290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,065	6,355	5,705	1,075	615	455
Education	945	230	715	95	25	65
13. Education	945	230	715	95	30	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	50	35	40	35	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	15	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	65	35	30	40	30	10
Humanities	220	80	140	35	0	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	10	20	0	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	110	35	75	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	20	20	0	0	0
54. History	20	10	15	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	490	135	355	150	20	125
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	30	185	55	0	50
22. Legal professions and studies	60	30	30	40	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	40	15	30	20	10	20
45. Social sciences	135	55	80	25	10	20
Business, management and public administration	1,155	325	830	245	60	185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	250	60	185	35	10	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	900	260	635	210	50	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	60	90	25	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	30	0	30	15	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	10	20	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	70	45	25	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	210	70	140	45	30	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	60	110	25	15	10
25. Library science	20	0	15	10	10	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	15	10	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,735	1,595	145	200	165	35
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	10	0	10
14. Engineering	205	155	50	30	15	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	260	200	60	40	35	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	530	510	20	60	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	575	560	15	60	60	0
48. Precision production	165	165	0	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	60	30	65	35	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	0	35	10	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	45	25	25	25	0
Health and related fields	1,120	215	905	295	70	230
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	30	20	45	30	15
51. Health professions and related programs	1,055	185	870	245	40	210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	680	420	255	160	70	90
12. Personal and culinary services	290	80	205	120	35	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	195	150	40	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	200	190	15	15	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	28,030	14,180	13,845	4,555	2,005	2,550
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,265	10,440	9,820	2,375	1,135	1,240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,765	3,740	4,025	2,180	865	1,315
Location of study inside Canada	7,020	3,370	3,650	2,045	800	1,245
Same as province or territory of residence	5,700	2,680	3,025	1,845	725	1,120
Different than province or territory of residence	1,315	690	625	205	75	130
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	745	365	375	135	65	65
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	45	20	50	30	20
Philippines	60	10	55	0	0	0
India	315	175	140	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	30	15	15	45	25	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	25	0	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	245	115	130	35	10	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	18,945	9,605	9,340	2,430	1,135	1,295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,070	6,360	5,705	1,070	610	460
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,880	3,245	3,635	1,360	525	835
Location of study inside Canada	6,210	2,930	3,280	1,290	485	805
Same as province or territory of residence	5,075	2,350	2,730	1,185	435	750
Different than province or territory of residence	1,135	585	550	105	50	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	670	315	355	70	40	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	30	20	40	20	15
Philippines	55	0	55	0	0	0
India	290	155	135	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	10	10	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	15	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	235	110	120	20	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	28,025	14,180	13,845	4,555	2,005	2,550
In the labour force	15,570	8,340	7,230	2,335	1,165	1,170
Employed	13,080	6,855	6,225	2,140	1,045	1,095
Unemployed	2,495	1,485	1,010	195	120	75
Not in the labour force	12,455	5,835	6,615	2,220	840	1,380
Participation rate	55.6	58.8	52.2	51.3	58.1	45.9
Employment rate	46.7	48.3	45.0	47.0	52.1	42.9
Unemployment rate	16.0	17.8	14.0	8.4	10.3	6.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	28,025	14,175	13,850	4,555	2,005	2,550
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	12,515	5,870	6,645	2,050	760	1,290
Worked	15,510	8,310	7,205	2,500	1,240	1,260
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	8,240	4,545	3,695	1,250	675	575
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,270	3,765	3,505	1,250	565	685
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.7	40.5	40.9	42.3	42.6	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	15,575	8,340	7,230	2,330	1,165	1,170
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,060	575	485	70	40	35
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	14,515	7,770	6,745	2,260	1,125	1,140
Employee	14,125	7,520	6,610	1,975	965	1,010
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	390	250	140	285	160	130
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	15,575	8,340	7,230	2,335	1,160	1,170
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,055	575	485	70	40	30
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	14,515	7,770	6,745	2,265	1,125	1,135
0 Management occupations	995	585	410	195	105	90
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,625	315	1,305	290	90	205
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	500	405	95	90	70	20
3 Health occupations	815	135	675	115	25	90
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,140	980	2,165	260	80	180
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	165	60	100	60	25	30
6 Sales and service occupations	3,410	1,600	1,810	700	230	470
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,595	2,490	105	330	315	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	970	915	55	25	10	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	305	285	25	200	175	30
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	15,575	8,345	7,235	2,335	1,165	1,170
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,060	575	485	75	35	30
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	14,515	7,770	6,740	2,265	1,125	1,135
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	150	135	20	20	10	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,340	1,245	100	10	10	0
22 Utilities	415	330	85	10	0	0
23 Construction	1,080	970	110	210	195	15
31-33 Manufacturing	385	330	55	305	245	65
41 Wholesale trade	135	85	55	70	50	20
44-45 Retail trade	1,350	685	665	290	90	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	720	535	180	70	40	30
51 Information and cultural industries	145	85	60	20	20	0
52 Finance and insurance	170	45	125	65	15	50
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	160	90	70	25	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	160	95	60	90	50	40
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	445	295	145	75	40	35
61 Educational services	2,315	765	1,555	145	70	80
62 Health care and social assistance	2,480	570	1,905	310	55	255
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	140	70	70	35	15	25
72 Accommodation and food services	1,060	400	660	235	85	150
81 Other services (except public administration)	385	220	165	125	35	90
91 Public administration	1,475	825	655	160	80	75
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	13,080	6,860	6,225	2,140	1,045	1,095
Worked at home	175	75	100	115	55	60
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,300	1,010	295	240	185	60
Worked at usual place	11,600	5,765	5,835	1,780	810	975
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	11,600	5,765	5,835	1,785	810	975
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	9,725	4,795	4,930	1,170	530	635
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,585	795	795	345	130	215
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	275	160	115	260	150	115
Commute to a different province or territory	15	15	0	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	12,900	6,775	6,130	2,025	990	1,035
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,420	4,680	3,735	1,410	685	720
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,930	805	1,125	135	80	55
Public transit	170	70	95	10	10	10
Walked	2,010	970	1,035	410	190	215
Bicycle	60	55	10	40	20	25
Other method	320	190	130	25	15	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	12,905	6,770	6,130	2,030	990	1,035
Less than 15 minutes	9,815	4,960	4,865	1,180	545	630
15 to 29 minutes	2,140	1,220	925	400	190	210
30 to 44 minutes	490	290	200	180	90	90
45 to 59 minutes	140	100	35	90	50	40
60 minutes and over	320	210	110	175	110	65
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	12,905	6,770	6,130	2,025	995	1,035
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	615	505	110	175	85	95
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,820	1,385	430	420	285	135
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,560	1,440	1,115	480	245	240
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,810	1,915	2,900	375	150	225
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,425	610	815	250	90	170
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,675	915	765	320	135	180
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	16,385	8,750	7,635	2,555	1,265	1,290
Single responses	16,075	8,600	7,475	2,535	1,255	1,275
Official languages	14,790	7,865	6,920	2,535	1,260	1,275
English	14,745	7,855	6,895	2,515	1,245	1,270
French	45	15	30	20	10	10
Non-official languages	1,285	730	555	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	1,250	715	540	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,250	715	535	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	725	420	315	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	725	410	310	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	520	295	225	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	520	290	225	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	315	150	160	20	0	15
English and French	10	10	10	15	10	10
English and non-official language	305	145	155	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	16,385	8,745	7,635	2,550	1,265	1,290
None	11,570	6,200	5,375	2,475	1,225	1,255
English	1,090	620	470	15	0	10
French	45	15	30	65	30	30
Non-official language	3,675	1,915	1,765	0	0	0
Aboriginal	3,655	1,905	1,750	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	40,915	20,710	20,205	5,105	2,270	2,830
Non-movers	36,800	18,685	18,115	4,440	1,935	2,505
Movers	4,110	2,020	2,085	660	345	320
Non-migrants	2,635	1,305	1,330	425	250	170
Migrants	1,475	720	760	235	95	150
Internal migrants	1,400	695	710	240	90	145
Intraprovincial migrants	1,180	590	590	220	80	140
Interprovincial migrants	215	100	115	20	15	0
External migrants	80	25	50	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	36,965	18,635	18,330	4,945	2,200	2,750
Non-movers	26,330	13,285	13,045	2,940	1,300	1,645
Movers	10,635	5,350	5,280	2,000	895	1,105
Non-migrants	6,525	3,300	3,230	1,005	480	520
Migrants	4,105	2,050	2,055	1,000	415	585
Internal migrants	3,460	1,730	1,730	945	390	560
Intraprovincial migrants	2,600	1,275	1,330	855	350	505
Interprovincial migrants	860	460	395	95	40	55
External migrants	645	315	330	55	25	30

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 22, CDR [Census division], Manitoba and Perth [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Perth [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Perth [Population centre], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 22, Census division [Census division], Manitoba and Perth [Population centre], Ontario