Census Profile, 2016 Census
Desnethé--Missinippi--Churchill River [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan and Rockland [Population centre], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Desnethé--Missinippi--Churchill River Saskatchewan [Federal electoral district]			Rockland Ontario [Population centre]
	Data quality , Desnethé--Missinippi--Churchill River [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan Map : Desnethé--Missinippi--Churchill River [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan Change geography 1			Data quality : Rockland [Population centre], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	70,891	...	...	12,302	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	69,471	...	...	10,980^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.0	...	...	12.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	31,377	...	...	4,964	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	21,651	...	...	4,873	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.2	...	...	1,785.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	304,710.55	...	...	6.89	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	70,890	35,515	35,375	12,305	5,860	6,440
0 to 14 years	20,325	10,385	9,945	2,220	1,095	1,130
0 to 4 years	6,710	3,405	3,310	745	365	380
5 to 9 years	7,220	3,745	3,475	775	390	390
10 to 14 years	6,395	3,230	3,160	695	340	360
15 to 64 years	43,390	21,470	21,920	7,955	3,770	4,185
15 to 19 years	5,950	3,040	2,910	700	360	340
20 to 24 years	5,275	2,660	2,615	600	295	305
25 to 29 years	4,840	2,355	2,485	680	330	350
30 to 34 years	4,260	2,050	2,215	790	365	420
35 to 39 years	3,775	1,845	1,930	750	345	405
40 to 44 years	3,770	1,810	1,960	805	370	440
45 to 49 years	3,820	1,880	1,940	805	390	410
50 to 54 years	4,210	2,075	2,140	1,005	485	515
55 to 59 years	4,020	2,005	2,015	995	470	525
60 to 64 years	3,465	1,755	1,715	825	360	470
65 years and over	7,170	3,655	3,510	2,125	995	1,130
65 to 69 years	2,785	1,460	1,330	740	365	375
70 to 74 years	1,795	925	870	580	275	305
75 to 79 years	1,210	640	570	380	175	205
80 to 84 years	755	385	370	225	115	115
85 years and over	630	245	380	195	65	130
85 to 89 years	420	185	235	120	45	80
90 to 94 years	170	55	115	65	20	45
95 to 99 years	30	10	20	10	5	10
100 years and over	10	5	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	28.7	29.2	28.1	18.0	18.7	17.5
15 to 64 years	61.2	60.5	62.0	64.6	64.3	65.0
65 years and over	10.1	10.3	9.9	17.3	17.0	17.5
85 years and over	0.9	0.7	1.1	1.6	1.1	2.0
Average age of the population	32.8	32.6	33.0	41.2	40.6	41.7
Median age of the population	29.0	28.4	29.5	42.5	41.8	43.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	21,650	...	...	4,875	...	...
Single-detached house	18,050	...	...	3,055	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	60	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,535	...	...	1,755	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,020	...	...	275	...	...
Row house	645	...	...	435	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	245	...	...	230	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	585	...	...	800	...	...
Other single-attached house	45	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,060	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	21,650	...	...	4,875	...	...
1 person	4,260	...	...	1,075	...	...
2 persons	6,350	...	...	1,905	...	...
3 persons	3,115	...	...	805	...	...
4 persons	2,860	...	...	750	...	...
5 or more persons	5,070	...	...	330	...	...
Number of persons in private households	70,280	...	...	12,100	...	...
Average household size	3.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	50,565	25,130	25,435	10,085	4,770	5,315
Married or living common law	25,820	12,925	12,895	6,350	3,170	3,185
Married	18,545	9,305	9,245	4,975	2,485	2,485
Living common law	7,275	3,620	3,650	1,380	685	695
Not married and not living common law	24,740	12,205	12,535	3,730	1,600	2,130
Never married	19,650	10,245	9,405	2,235	1,140	1,095
Separated	1,170	545	630	325	130	200
Divorced	1,635	795	840	560	195	365
Widowed	2,280	620	1,660	605	140	465
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	18,945	...	...	3,750	...	...
2 persons	8,425	...	...	2,010	...	...
3 persons	4,065	...	...	785	...	...
4 persons	3,000	...	...	715	...	...
5 or more persons	3,455	...	...	250	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	18,945	...	...	3,755	...	...
Total couple families	12,660	...	...	3,130	...	...
Married couples	9,020	...	...	2,445	...	...
Common-law couples	3,635	...	...	685	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,285	...	...	620	...	...
Female parent	4,680	...	...	485	...	...
Male parent	1,605	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	12,660	...	...	3,135	...	...
Couples without children	5,430	...	...	1,625	...	...
Couples with children	7,230	...	...	1,505	...	...
1 child	2,485	...	...	610	...	...
2 children	2,120	...	...	660	...	...
3 or more children	2,625	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,290	...	...	620	...	...
1 child	3,000	...	...	380	...	...
2 children	1,585	...	...	175	...	...
3 or more children	1,700	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,140	5,110	4,030	1,555	650	905
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	21,655	...	...	4,875	...	...
One-census-family households	14,955	...	...	3,620	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,850	...	...	1,565	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,110	...	...	2,055	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,870	...	...	65	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,820	...	...	1,185	...	...
One-person households	4,255	...	...	1,075	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	570	...	...	110	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	70,525	35,345	35,185	12,220	5,830	6,390
English only	68,670	34,455	34,210	2,825	1,435	1,390
French only	25	10	10	905	380	520
English and French	1,555	725	825	8,480	4,005	4,470
Neither English nor French	285	150	135	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	70,525	35,340	35,190	12,220	5,830	6,390
English	69,620	34,885	34,735	4,515	2,260	2,255
French	610	305	305	7,575	3,510	4,065
English and French	20	15	10	120	60	65
Neither English nor French	275	145	135	15	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	620	310	310	7,635	3,535	4,095
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	0.9	62.5	60.6	64.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	70,530	35,340	35,190	12,220	5,830	6,390
Single responses	68,850	34,525	34,325	11,855	5,655	6,200
Official languages	47,760	24,100	23,660	11,445	5,455	5,985
English	47,030	23,715	23,315	4,030	2,025	2,005
French	730	385	345	7,410	3,430	3,980
Non-official languages	21,090	10,430	10,665	405	195	210
Aboriginal languages	19,660	9,710	9,950	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	12,235	6,080	6,155	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	12,215	6,070	6,145	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,010	495	510	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	450	220	230	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10,690	5,320	5,370	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	7,275	3,560	3,720	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	7,275	3,555	3,720	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	7,275	3,560	3,715	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	5	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	150	70	80	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,430	720	710	410	200	210
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	25	20	5
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	5	10	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	255	105	155	10	5	10
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	210	85	125	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	45	20	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	40	15	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	20	10	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	10	5	5	5
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	940	495	440	250	120	125
Albanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	270	130	140	70	35	35
Baltic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	275	130	140	65	35	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	5	0	5	10	5	5
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	5	10	10	5
Russian	20	5	15	15	5	10
Serbian	0	5	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovak	0	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	220	105	115	10	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	495	260	235	45	15	25
Afrikaans	30	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dutch	40	25	15	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	380	190	190	30	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	5	5	5	0	0
Swedish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	65	35	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	90	55	35	30	15	15
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	5	5	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	5	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	5	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	15	10	10	5	5
Iranian languages	15	15	5	0	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	35	25	100	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	25	10	10
Portuguese	20	15	5	30	10	15
Romanian	10	0	5	5	5	0
Spanish	35	20	10	40	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	5	30	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	15	0	5	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	35	15	10	10
Chinese languages	65	30	35	15	5	10
Cantonese	25	5	15	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	10	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	15	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,675	815	865	365	175	195
English and French	55	30	30	260	130	135
English and non-official language	1,600	775	825	45	20	25
French and non-official language	15	5	10	40	20	25
English, French and non-official language	10	5	0	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	70,525	35,340	35,185	12,220	5,830	6,390
Single responses	68,920	34,570	34,350	11,760	5,635	6,125
Official languages	54,435	27,260	27,175	11,645	5,580	6,065
English	54,315	27,205	27,115	5,140	2,570	2,570
French	115	55	65	6,505	3,010	3,500
Non-official languages	14,485	7,310	7,175	110	50	60
Aboriginal languages	14,075	7,095	6,980	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	7,875	4,040	3,835	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	7,875	4,045	3,830	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	900	435	465	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	20	10	15	0	0	0
Woods Cree	125	70	55	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	6,830	3,535	3,300	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	6,160	3,035	3,125	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	6,160	3,030	3,125	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	6,160	3,030	3,125	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	40	15	20	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	410	220	190	110	50	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	10	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	5	10	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	5	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	135	65	65	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	55	60	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	80	70	60	30	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	15	5	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	0	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	10	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	25	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	25	5	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	5	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Spanish	10	5	5	25	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	5	5	5
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	5	5	0
Chinese languages	35	15	20	5	5	5
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,605	770	835	460	200	265
English and French	35	10	20	330	135	195
English and non-official language	1,565	755	810	65	30	35
French and non-official language	0	0	5	35	15	15
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	35	20	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	70,530	35,340	35,185	12,220	5,830	6,390
None	53,815	27,165	26,655	8,240	3,935	4,305
English	9,170	4,550	4,620	2,435	1,145	1,290
French	335	155	180	1,265	620	640
Non-official language	7,165	3,460	3,705	215	90	125
Aboriginal	6,790	3,290	3,495	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	380	170	205	215	95	120
English and French	5	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language	30	5	20	25	15	5
French and non-official language	15	5	5	25	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	50,000	24,840	25,160	9,880	4,690	5,190
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,620	22,510	23,110	9,505	4,505	4,995
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,281	24,647	22,313	42,721	49,820	36,824
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,625	22,515	23,110	9,510	4,510	5,000
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,665	23,748	21,783	37,590	43,452	33,085
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	33,580	17,065	16,515	8,735	4,235	4,500
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,177	30,392	22,819	40,878	48,142	34,362
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,470	16,760	19,705	6,570	2,755	3,815
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,856	2,564	7,696	6,815	7,068	6,743
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	29,475	15,225	14,250	7,110	3,545	3,565
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,520	28,657	23,017	42,246	48,412	37,184
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	49,980	24,860	25,125	9,905	4,710	5,200
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,670	22,560	23,115	9,510	4,515	4,990
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,877	38,790	31,059	48,484	54,734	42,829
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,680	22,560	23,125	9,510	4,525	4,990
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,455	32,768	28,198	40,779	45,439	36,557
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	33,605	17,070	16,540	8,795	4,260	4,535
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,345	44,672	31,816	46,152	52,729	39,972
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,550	16,815	19,735	6,505	2,735	3,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,325	6,691	9,717	8,444	8,207	8,616
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,480	15,165	14,315	7,080	3,495	3,585
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,587	43,556	31,264	46,163	51,099	41,356
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	49,985	24,860	25,125	9,905	4,710	5,195
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,505	6,015	5,490	3,735	1,990	1,750
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,020	56,190	44,986	59,597	62,281	56,548
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,653	62,696	50,034	64,100	68,138	59,503
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.9	87.1	73.2	88.3	91.1	84.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.2	74.8	62.4	71.3	72.9	69.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.1	12.9	26.8	11.7	8.9	15.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	50,000	24,835	25,160	9,880	4,690	5,190
Without total income	4,380	2,325	2,050	375	185	190
With total income	45,620	22,515	23,110	9,505	4,510	5,000
Percentage with total income	91.2	90.7	91.9	96.2	96.2	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,275	6,730	5,540	950	340	605
$10,000 to $19,999	8,395	3,320	5,075	1,310	505	800
$20,000 to $29,999	5,910	2,440	3,465	1,155	465	690
$30,000 to $39,999	4,545	1,915	2,625	1,040	450	595
$40,000 to $49,999	3,590	1,575	2,010	1,080	500	585
$50,000 to $59,999	2,565	1,255	1,310	1,000	510	490
$60,000 to $69,999	1,895	1,055	835	850	435	415
$70,000 to $79,999	1,590	950	635	595	335	260
$80,000 to $89,999	1,205	705	500	465	275	190
$90,000 to $99,999	1,035	605	430	360	205	155
$100,000 and over	2,620	1,950	665	695	485	210
$100,000 to $149,999	1,990	1,440	550	575	395	180
$150,000 and over	630	510	120	120	90	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	50,000	24,840	25,160	9,880	4,690	5,190
Without after-tax income	4,380	2,330	2,050	370	180	190
With after-tax income	45,625	22,515	23,110	9,510	4,510	5,000
Percentage with after-tax income	91.3	90.6	91.9	96.3	96.2	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,355	6,760	5,595	1,005	355	645
$10,000 to $19,999	8,565	3,395	5,170	1,380	540	840
$20,000 to $29,999	6,435	2,710	3,725	1,365	565	805
$30,000 to $39,999	5,145	2,225	2,915	1,330	590	740
$40,000 to $49,999	3,980	1,850	2,130	1,335	670	665
$50,000 to $59,999	2,840	1,590	1,255	1,125	580	545
$60,000 to $69,999	1,985	1,160	825	740	430	315
$70,000 to $79,999	1,535	885	645	525	305	220
$80,000 and over	2,785	1,940	845	700	480	220
$80,000 to $89,999	1,010	620	390	340	220	120
$90,000 to $99,999	685	490	195	140	95	45
$100,000 and over	1,085	830	260	220	165	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	50,000	24,840	25,160	9,880	4,690	5,190
Without employment income	20,525	9,610	10,910	2,770	1,150	1,620
With employment income	29,470	15,225	14,250	7,110	3,545	3,565
Percentage with employment income	58.9	61.3	56.6	72.0	75.6	68.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,985	2,930	3,055	865	430	435
$5,000 to $9,999	2,775	1,375	1,400	480	200	285
$10,000 to $19,999	4,070	1,965	2,110	780	320	460
$20,000 to $29,999	3,280	1,510	1,770	645	290	355
$30,000 to $39,999	2,820	1,225	1,590	645	280	365
$40,000 to $49,999	2,215	1,015	1,195	670	310	360
$50,000 to $59,999	1,660	855	800	765	375	395
$60,000 to $69,999	1,390	805	585	630	330	300
$70,000 to $79,999	1,260	750	510	450	255	195
$80,000 and over	4,030	2,805	1,225	1,180	755	425
$80,000 to $89,999	1,010	585	425	375	220	155
$90,000 to $99,999	860	535	320	300	175	125
$100,000 and over	2,160	1,680	480	505	360	145
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	21,650	...	...	4,875	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	84,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,392	...	...	72,360	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,255	...	...	1,080	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,575	...	...	41,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,368	...	...	36,352	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	17,395	...	...	3,795	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,359	...	...	98,674	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	60,431	...	...	84,409	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	21,645	...	...	4,885	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,592	...	...	94,295	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,273	...	...	79,370	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,280	...	...	1,070	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,381	...	...	47,677	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,997	...	...	40,361	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	17,365	...	...	3,820	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,289	...	...	107,347	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,245	...	...	90,292	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	21,650	...	...	4,870	...	...
Under $5,000	895	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	590	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	765	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,360	...	...	125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,195	...	...	155	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,060	...	...	160	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,165	...	...	165	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,030	...	...	165	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	980	...	...	195	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	845	...	...	170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,545	...	...	370	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,360	...	...	355	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,240	...	...	355	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,055	...	...	320	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	935	...	...	315	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,625	...	...	1,930	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,925	...	...	695	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,370	...	...	495	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,435	...	...	500	...	...
$200,000 and over	900	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	21,650	...	...	4,875	...	...
Under $5,000	905	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	590	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	775	...	...	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,370	...	...	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,255	...	...	175	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,115	...	...	175	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,250	...	...	200	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,100	...	...	235	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,060	...	...	195	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	950	...	...	220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,795	...	...	455	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,585	...	...	445	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,360	...	...	410	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,220	...	...	370	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,050	...	...	370	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,275	...	...	1,385	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,895	...	...	675	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,130	...	...	365	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,250	...	...	340	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	17,170	...	...	3,715	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,162	...	...	98,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	59,614	...	...	84,082	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,715	...	...	1,525	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,866	...	...	88,210	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,990	...	...	76,032	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,345	...	...	1,520	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,496	...	...	124,274	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	76,923	...	...	105,600	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,535	...	...	595	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	34,240	...	...	62,528	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	33,958	...	...	56,192	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	17,155	...	...	3,745	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,371	...	...	107,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,433	...	...	89,968	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,705	...	...	1,545	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,407	...	...	96,826	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,529	...	...	81,247	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,375	...	...	1,515	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,729	...	...	134,088	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,819	...	...	111,734	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,515	...	...	605	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,552	...	...	65,285	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,602	...	...	57,229	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,600	3,230	2,375	1,355	565	790
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,412	25,232	25,504	38,894	41,088	37,088
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,592	24,128	24,951	33,933	36,352	33,472
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,595	3,190	2,405	1,330	530	805
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,300	38,691	37,780	45,026	45,973	44,404
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,714	32,655	32,791	38,272	38,672	38,009
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	70,280	35,195	35,085	12,100	5,780	6,320
In the bottom half of the distribution	48,725	24,020	24,700	4,820	2,215	2,600
In the bottom decile	21,185	10,555	10,630	585	280	305
In the second decile	9,935	4,745	5,185	910	385	530
In the third decile	6,970	3,400	3,565	1,000	460	540
In the fourth decile	5,830	2,885	2,945	1,090	495	595
In the fifth decile	4,810	2,430	2,375	1,235	600	630
In the top half of the distribution	21,560	11,175	10,385	7,280	3,560	3,715
In the sixth decile	4,550	2,300	2,250	1,335	630	705
In the seventh decile	4,830	2,455	2,375	1,535	770	770
In the eighth decile	4,380	2,300	2,080	1,665	805	855
In the ninth decile	4,225	2,215	2,010	1,690	845	845
In the top decile	3,575	1,905	1,670	1,060	515	545
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	38,090	18,970	19,110	12,100	5,780	6,320
0 to 17 years	10,380	5,365	5,010	2,670	1,325	1,345
0 to 5 years	3,520	1,835	1,685	905	440	460
18 to 64 years	22,155	10,755	11,400	7,475	3,520	3,950
65 years and over	5,550	2,850	2,700	1,960	930	1,025
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,135	3,845	4,290	970	415	555
0 to 17 years	3,315	1,725	1,590	285	150	135
0 to 5 years	1,325	695	625	90	45	40
18 to 64 years	3,785	1,630	2,155	515	215	305
65 years and over	1,030	490	540	175	55	120
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.4	20.3	22.4	8.0	7.2	8.8
0 to 17 years (%)	31.9	32.2	31.7	10.7	11.3	10.0
0 to 5 years (%)	37.6	37.9	37.1	9.9	10.2	8.7
18 to 64 years (%)	17.1	15.2	18.9	6.9	6.1	7.7
65 years and over (%)	18.6	17.2	20.0	8.9	5.9	11.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,510	1,255	1,255	340	170	170
0 to 17 years	990	530	465	100	55	45
0 to 5 years	425	240	190	30	20	10
18 to 64 years	1,420	665	755	230	110	115
65 years and over	95	55	40	20	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.6	6.6	6.6	2.8	2.9	2.7
0 to 17 years (%)	9.5	9.9	9.3	3.7	4.2	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.1	13.1	11.3	3.3	4.5	2.2
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.2	6.6	3.1	3.1	2.9
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.9	1.5	1.0	0.5	1.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	70,290	35,215	35,075	12,130	5,805	6,325
Official languages	70,020	35,075	34,950	12,120	5,795	6,325
English	70,005	35,065	34,945	11,250	5,455	5,795
French	1,540	740	800	9,325	4,370	4,955
Non-official languages	25,805	12,805	13,000	950	435	520
Aboriginal languages	24,215	11,975	12,240	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15,890	7,915	7,975	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15,875	7,910	7,970	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	1,575	770	805	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	110	60	50	0	0	0
Woods Cree	585	280	305	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	13,735	6,860	6,875	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	8,200	3,995	4,205	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	8,200	4,000	4,205	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	8,195	3,995	4,205	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	290	155	140	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	10	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,605	835	765	950	435	515
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	35	25	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	35	25	10
Amharic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	40	25	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	15	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	15	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	270	100	170	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	265	100	165	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	120	50	70
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	95	40	55
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,070	600	470	615	260	355
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	225	105	120	85	40	50
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	225	105	125	85	35	50
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	15	15	10	10
Russian	20	10	10	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	10	0	15	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	185	90	95	15	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	540	295	245	115	55	65
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0	0	0
Danish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dutch	50	40	10	25	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	405	210	195	90	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	165	125	40	75	35	45
Indo-Aryan languages	155	120	40	70	30	40
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	25	0	0	0	0
Hindi	85	65	20	25	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	50	15	20	15	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	35	10	25
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	100	70	350	145	205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	35	25	10
Portuguese	10	10	10	40	25	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	135	75	60	295	110	190
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	10	85	45	45
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	40	20	15
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	30	15	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	25	30	30	20	10
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	25	35	40	25	15
Chinese languages	65	25	35	35	25	10
Cantonese	35	15	20	0	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	25	20	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	10	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	20	20	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	70,295	35,215	35,080	12,130	5,805	6,325
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	69,635	34,880	34,755	11,935	5,730	6,215
Canadian citizens aged under 18	23,850	12,210	11,645	2,670	1,325	1,345
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	45,785	22,675	23,110	9,265	4,400	4,860
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	655	335	320	190	75	115
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	70,290	35,220	35,080	12,130	5,805	6,325
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	69,085	34,560	34,520	11,345	5,450	5,890
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,065	565	505	760	335	425
Before 1981	320	175	140	260	135	120
1981 to 1990	85	30	55	90	55	25
1991 to 2000	90	50	35	130	50	85
2001 to 2010	210	120	90	220	80	145
2001 to 2005	30	15	15	90	35	55
2006 to 2010	185	105	75	130	40	90
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	365	185	175	65	15	50
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	135	90	50	25	15	15
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,070	560	505	760	335	425
Under 5 years	105	70	40	155	50	105
5 to 14 years	210	110	100	110	60	45
15 to 24 years	220	125	95	125	55	75
25 to 44 years	460	220	240	325	155	175
45 years and over	70	35	35	40	15	20
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,065	565	505	760	340	420
Americas	165	95	70	250	105	145
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	95	40	55
Jamaica	10	10	10	15	15	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	120	70	55	60	20	40
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	0	50	20	35
Europe	370	190	180	265	125	140
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	10	0	20	10	0
Germany	60	30	35	55	25	30
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Netherlands	50	25	25	15	0	10
Poland	25	10	15	10	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	25	0	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	45	65	90	50	40
Other places of birth in Europe	85	45	40	15	0	15
Africa	115	75	40	120	55	60
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	45	25	15	15	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	25	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	25	0	105	50	55
Asia	405	190	215	130	55	75
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	15	20	15	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	85	60	30	40	15	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	10	0	10	0	10
Lebanon	10	0	10	10	10	10
Pakistan	10	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	235	85	150	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	10	0	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	20	15	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	360	185	175	60	15	45
Americas	30	15	10	25	10	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	40	15	25	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	90	55	30	30	10	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	25	15	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	0	15	10	10
Asia	210	95	115	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	70	50	20	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	125	35	85	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	70,290	35,215	35,080	12,130	5,800	6,330
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,290	695	595	835	380	455
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,075	1,630	1,450	945	475	470
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	65,930	32,895	33,035	10,345	4,945	5,400
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	775	405	370	510	200	305
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	480	275	205	135	75	65
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	230	165	60	60	45	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	245	110	140	80	30	50
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	250	100	155	235	65	170
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	40	25	10	140	65	75
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	70,290	35,215	35,080	12,130	5,800	6,325
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	49,840	24,685	25,155	475	255	220
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	49,520	24,555	24,965	450	255	200
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	39,595	19,670	19,930	175	95	80
Métis	9,875	4,860	5,020	275	150	120
Inuk (Inuit)	50	25	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	180	85	95	0	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	145	50	90	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	20,450	10,530	9,920	11,655	5,545	6,110
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	70,290	35,215	35,075	12,130	5,805	6,325
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	38,930	19,245	19,680	75	55	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,360	15,965	15,395	12,055	5,750	6,305
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	70,290	35,215	35,080	12,130	5,805	6,330
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	39,950	19,800	20,150	95	45	50
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	38,550	19,150	19,395	90	40	50
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35,930	17,910	18,020	70	20	45
Métis single ancestry	2,620	1,240	1,375	25	20	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	1,400	650	755	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	1,365	630	735	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	20	15	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	9,345	4,495	4,845	810	380	430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,425	3,490	3,935	765	360	410
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,955	2,375	2,585	470	220	255
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,430	1,095	1,340	285	130	150
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	25	15	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	1,920	1,005	910	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,910	1,000	905	45	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	20,995	10,915	10,085	11,220	5,375	5,845
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	70,290	35,215	35,075	12,130	5,800	6,330
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	800	435	365	780	320	465
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	165	120	40	95	40	60
Chinese	80	30	50	60	25	35
Black	160	110	55	435	170	270
Filipino	300	120	185	0	0	10
Latin American	25	20	10	85	25	50
Arab	0	0	0	30	20	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	0	10	15	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	10	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	0	20	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	69,490	34,780	34,710	11,350	5,485	5,865
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	70,290	35,215	35,075	12,130	5,805	6,325
North American Aboriginal origins	49,290	24,300	24,995	910	425	485
First Nations (North American Indian)	44,190	21,935	22,255	590	265	325
Inuit	85	55	35	15	10	0
Métis	8,340	3,970	4,365	355	175	180
Other North American origins	8,025	4,060	3,965	7,630	3,675	3,955
Acadian	10	0	10	35	15	20
American	365	170	190	125	60	70
Canadian	7,775	3,935	3,840	7,510	3,625	3,880
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Québécois	15	10	10	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	25,650	12,995	12,655	7,245	3,490	3,760
British Isles origins	14,310	7,125	7,185	3,460	1,770	1,690
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	8,330	4,120	4,215	1,620	835	790
Irish	4,730	2,225	2,500	1,635	800	835
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	6,110	3,000	3,105	1,195	630	565
Welsh	445	180	270	50	40	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	290	160	130	235	135	105
French origins	7,505	3,620	3,885	4,810	2,205	2,605
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	7,500	3,620	3,880	4,810	2,205	2,600
Western European origins (except French origins)	8,875	4,455	4,420	855	440	415
Austrian	260	140	120	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	185	95	90	60	35	25
Dutch	1,245	620	625	200	90	105
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	7,800	3,935	3,860	570	300	275
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	155	90	65	60	40	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	4,020	2,035	1,990	80	45	40
Danish	430	275	155	10	0	10
Finnish	110	60	45	25	10	15
Icelandic	270	130	140	0	0	0
Norwegian	2,355	1,100	1,250	25	0	20
Swedish	1,260	620	645	15	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	175	105	70	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	5,215	2,655	2,555	550	235	310
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	160	75	90	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	105	45	55	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	405	200	210	40	15	20
Latvian	10	10	10	10	0	10
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,470	795	675	240	80	155
Romanian	165	100	70	15	0	10
Russian	910	465	445	80	25	60
Slovak	15	10	10	15	10	10
Ukrainian	3,120	1,520	1,600	190	100	90
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	420	220	200	495	275	215
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	20	15	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	10	10	10
Italian	250	125	120	265	155	105
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	0	15	75	45	30
Serbian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Spanish	90	50	40	95	40	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	20	0	15	20	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	160	100	60	30	10	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	45	30	15	10	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	0	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	75	45	30	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	45	35	10	140	60	85
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	95	35	60
Jamaican	25	20	10	15	15	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	55	35	20	130	60	75
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	15	0	10	10	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	10	10	20	10	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	0	25
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	10	10	0	0	0
African origins	185	110	75	310	120	190
Central and West African origins	30	25	10	90	35	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cameroonian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	20	0	0	0	0
North African origins	20	15	10	10	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	90	45	40	40	15	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	20	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	45	20	25	10	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	50	30	25	175	65	110
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	0	15	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	25	20	165	65	100
Asian origins	715	350	365	300	135	165
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	80	35	45	60	35	25
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	45	15	25	25	15	10
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	15	0	0
Turkmen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	10	15
South Asian origins	175	125	50	110	40	65
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	145	100	45	70	30	40
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	0	30	10	20
Punjabi	25	20	0	15	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	445	185	260	130	55	75
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	95	30	60	65	25	40
Filipino	310	120	185	40	10	30
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	15	15	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	10	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	15	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	10	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	10	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	21,645	...	...	4,885	...	...
Owner	11,035	...	...	3,625	...	...
Renter	4,505	...	...	1,270	...	...
Band housing	6,100	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	21,645	...	...	4,885	...	...
Condominium	480	...	...	470	...	...
Not condominium	21,165	...	...	4,425	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	21,645	...	...	4,885	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,520	...	...	320	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,810	...	...	1,200	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,725	...	...	2,295	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,545	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	21,645	...	...	4,885	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,815	...	...	945	...	...
5 rooms	5,210	...	...	710	...	...
6 rooms	3,980	...	...	890	...	...
7 rooms	2,770	...	...	800	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,865	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	21,645	...	...	4,890	...	...
One person or fewer per room	19,350	...	...	4,870	...	...
More than 1 person per room	2,300	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	21,645	...	...	4,885	...	...
Suitable	17,870	...	...	4,770	...	...
Not suitable	3,775	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	21,645	...	...	4,885	...	...
1960 or before	2,260	...	...	450	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,075	...	...	720	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,110	...	...	990	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,915	...	...	740	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,825	...	...	530	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,995	...	...	775	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,465	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	21,645	...	...	4,885	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	16,150	...	...	4,710	...	...
Major repairs needed	5,495	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	21,645	...	...	4,885	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,665	...	...	2,510	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,545	...	...	2,340	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	435	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	21,645	...	...	4,890	...	...
15 to 24 years	955	...	...	85	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,460	...	...	635	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,875	...	...	880	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,390	...	...	1,070	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,335	...	...	975	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,890	...	...	800	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,380	...	...	380	...	...
85 years and over	365	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	13,110	...	...	4,885	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	10,700	...	...	3,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,405	...	...	1,110	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,095	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,455	...	...	3,625	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.3	...	...	69.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.7	...	...	14.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	726	...	...	1,452	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	964	...	...	1,410	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	225,106	...	...	289,872	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	260,580	...	...	304,657	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,675	...	...	1,270	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	41.4	...	...	10.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.0	...	...	47.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	750	...	...	1,059	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	772	...	...	1,077	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,980	24,860	25,125	9,910	4,710	5,200
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,310	11,710	9,600	1,770	865	905
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,070	5,530	6,540	3,205	1,520	1,690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,600	7,615	8,985	4,925	2,325	2,600
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,805	3,540	1,265	750	460	295
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,440	1,530	915	385	205	185
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,360	2,010	350	365	255	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,470	2,340	4,130	2,520	1,175	1,350
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,260	365	895	165	60	110
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,070	1,375	2,690	1,490	635	855
Bachelor's degree	3,195	985	2,210	1,115	480	630
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	240	95	140	85	30	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	85	55	30	0	0	0
Master's degree	525	220	310	260	115	145
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	25	0	30	10	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	31,975	15,585	16,390	6,610	3,105	3,505
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,890	6,125	4,765	620	335	285
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,010	3,675	4,335	2,100	1,010	1,085
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,080	5,790	7,290	3,890	1,755	2,135
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,655	2,685	970	460	265	195
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,850	1,155	695	240	115	120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,805	1,535	270	225	150	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,130	1,785	3,345	2,095	955	1,135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	955	260	695	110	50	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,340	1,055	2,285	1,225	480	740
Bachelor's degree	2,635	770	1,870	915	365	545
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	185	70	110	70	20	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	35	25	0	0	0
Master's degree	440	160	280	220	85	135
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	20	0	20	10	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,985	24,860	25,125	9,905	4,715	5,195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	33,380	17,240	16,140	4,980	2,385	2,595
Education	2,535	625	1,910	420	85	335
13. Education	2,535	630	1,910	420	80	330
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	45	60	135	80	55
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	60	45	10
50. Visual and performing arts	85	30	50	75	30	40
Humanities	365	165	195	225	75	155
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	20	30	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	30	55	80	10	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	15	15	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	90	65	0	0	0
54. History	45	20	25	45	30	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	30	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,070	230	835	705	230	470
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	30	30	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	30	30	80	40	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	515	20	490	130	10	125
22. Legal professions and studies	170	65	110	105	25	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	20	0	20
42. Psychology	75	10	65	105	25	80
45. Social sciences	175	75	105	250	130	115
Business, management and public administration	2,675	515	2,160	1,065	450	615
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	530	95	435	95	25	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,130	420	1,710	975	420	545
Physical and life sciences and technologies	235	135	100	110	45	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	30	55	40	15	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	15	25	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	70	60	10	30	15	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	25	20	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	220	85	135	215	160	50
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	80	95	190	145	40
25. Library science	40	0	40	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,230	3,930	305	885	855	35
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	25	20	10
14. Engineering	180	160	20	75	70	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	520	430	85	195	195	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,470	1,360	115	205	200	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,365	1,320	45	270	260	10
48. Precision production	680	640	35	115	110	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	640	435	205	40	25	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	290	160	130	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	345	275	75	30	20	10
Health and related fields	2,465	340	2,120	630	75	555
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	85	55	30	40	20	20
51. Health professions and related programs	2,380	290	2,090	585	55	530
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,065	1,110	950	500	245	255
12. Personal and culinary services	880	175	705	240	40	200
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	465	310	160	200	140	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	710	615	90	45	45	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	31,975	15,585	16,390	6,615	3,105	3,510
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,895	9,795	9,100	2,720	1,345	1,370
Education	2,000	450	1,545	320	60	260
13. Education	2,000	455	1,545	320	60	260
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	30	45	90	45	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	10	45	30	15
50. Visual and performing arts	50	20	35	40	15	35
Humanities	265	110	150	170	50	125
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	70	30	45	65	0	60
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	65	40	0	0	0
54. History	25	0	20	40	25	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	920	190	730	575	175	405
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	30	30	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	45	20	20	65	25	40
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	465	20	440	100	0	100
22. Legal professions and studies	155	55	100	95	20	70
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	10	10
42. Psychology	50	0	50	95	20	75
45. Social sciences	145	65	85	205	95	105
Business, management and public administration	2,175	415	1,760	870	360	505
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	435	60	370	75	15	60
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,725	350	1,375	795	345	450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	95	75	80	20	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	30	40	35	15	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	0	15	15	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	45	10	15	0	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	20	15	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	195	75	125	205	160	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	75	90	180	145	35
25. Library science	25	0	25	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,155	2,915	240	670	635	35
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	30	20	10
14. Engineering	130	120	10	65	60	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	425	350	75	155	150	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,065	980	85	160	160	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,015	970	35	200	195	0
48. Precision production	505	480	25	60	60	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	515	345	170	30	15	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	240	130	110	0	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	280	210	65	15	15	10
Health and related fields	1,945	250	1,695	520	65	460
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	65	35	30	35	15	20
51. Health professions and related programs	1,885	220	1,665	480	50	435
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,660	905	755	365	165	200
12. Personal and culinary services	685	145	545	180	30	155
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	350	230	120	160	115	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	620	530	85	15	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,985	24,860	25,125	9,910	4,715	5,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,385	17,240	16,140	4,980	2,385	2,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	16,600	7,620	8,985	4,925	2,325	2,600
Location of study inside Canada	15,950	7,280	8,670	4,700	2,225	2,475
Same as province or territory of residence	12,765	5,600	7,165	3,965	1,910	2,055
Different than province or territory of residence	3,190	1,685	1,505	740	315	420
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	650	335	315	230	100	125
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	170	80	80	50	20	30
Philippines	140	50	90	10	0	10
India	90	65	30	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	15	15	20	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other	215	120	95	110	45	70
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	31,975	15,585	16,390	6,610	3,105	3,505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,895	9,795	9,100	2,720	1,345	1,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	13,080	5,785	7,290	3,890	1,760	2,135
Location of study inside Canada	12,545	5,535	7,010	3,730	1,700	2,035
Same as province or territory of residence	10,035	4,245	5,790	3,150	1,460	1,695
Different than province or territory of residence	2,510	1,290	1,225	575	240	340
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	530	255	280	155	60	100
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	45	75	45	15	25
Philippines	130	50	85	10	0	10
India	85	60	25	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	15	15	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	165	85	80	85	30	55
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	49,980	24,860	25,125	9,910	4,710	5,200
In the labour force	26,380	14,020	12,360	6,385	3,145	3,235
Employed	21,465	10,950	10,515	6,055	2,980	3,070
Unemployed	4,915	3,065	1,845	330	170	160
Not in the labour force	23,600	10,840	12,760	3,525	1,565	1,960
Participation rate	52.8	56.4	49.2	64.4	66.8	62.2
Employment rate	42.9	44.0	41.9	61.1	63.3	59.0
Unemployment rate	18.6	21.9	14.9	5.2	5.4	4.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	49,980	24,860	25,125	9,910	4,710	5,200
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	23,635	11,055	12,585	3,320	1,450	1,870
Worked	26,340	13,800	12,545	6,590	3,255	3,330
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	12,275	6,475	5,805	3,800	2,020	1,775
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	14,065	7,335	6,740	2,790	1,235	1,555
Average weeks worked in reference year	39.4	38.9	39.9	43.8	44.2	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	26,380	14,015	12,360	6,385	3,145	3,235
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,265	1,295	970	100	50	50
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	24,115	12,720	11,390	6,285	3,095	3,180
Employee	21,280	10,810	10,470	5,720	2,795	2,925
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,830	1,910	925	560	305	260
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	26,380	14,015	12,360	6,385	3,150	3,235
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,260	1,295	970	105	45	50
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	24,115	12,720	11,390	6,280	3,100	3,180
0 Management occupations	2,970	1,860	1,105	645	355	290
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,410	375	2,045	1,335	385	945
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	540	385	155	390	290	105
3 Health occupations	1,200	150	1,050	315	45	265
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,500	1,240	3,260	1,045	320	720
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	240	85	155	120	55	65
6 Sales and service occupations	4,940	2,015	2,925	1,370	650	725
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,700	4,365	340	885	865	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,745	1,470	280	95	85	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	870	785	85	85	60	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	26,380	14,020	12,365	6,385	3,150	3,235
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,265	1,290	970	100	50	50
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	24,115	12,725	11,390	6,285	3,100	3,180
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,125	1,575	550	15	10	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,620	1,450	175	10	10	0
22 Utilities	180	155	25	15	20	0
23 Construction	2,155	1,955	200	580	505	80
31-33 Manufacturing	960	765	195	170	130	40
41 Wholesale trade	310	210	100	165	130	35
44-45 Retail trade	2,335	1,015	1,320	690	410	275
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	925	685	240	250	155	95
51 Information and cultural industries	175	80	95	80	60	20
52 Finance and insurance	350	75	280	235	100	130
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	165	100	70	60	30	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	445	190	250	310	140	165
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	700	420	280	345	210	130
61 Educational services	3,265	830	2,430	540	120	420
62 Health care and social assistance	3,080	440	2,640	790	115	680
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	440	225	215	110	55	55
72 Accommodation and food services	1,405	540	865	410	150	255
81 Other services (except public administration)	800	475	325	325	145	180
91 Public administration	2,670	1,525	1,150	1,185	600	585
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	21,465	10,955	10,515	6,050	2,980	3,075
Worked at home	1,985	1,165	820	340	110	230
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,230	2,560	665	625	490	140
Worked at usual place	16,245	7,215	9,030	5,080	2,385	2,700
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	16,245	7,215	9,030	5,085	2,385	2,700
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	7,900	3,260	4,640	1,445	590	845
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,190	2,745	3,445	210	120	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	840	445	400	3,135	1,520	1,620
Commute to a different province or territory	1,315	765	550	290	155	135
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	19,475	9,780	9,695	5,705	2,865	2,840
Car, truck, van - as a driver	14,315	7,130	7,185	4,455	2,365	2,090
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,310	645	670	365	120	240
Public transit	140	85	55	520	220	305
Walked	2,580	1,055	1,530	260	115	150
Bicycle	40	15	25	30	20	10
Other method	1,080	855	230	75	25	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	19,475	9,780	9,695	5,705	2,870	2,840
Less than 15 minutes	11,995	5,455	6,535	1,315	535	780
15 to 29 minutes	3,685	1,910	1,775	865	465	405
30 to 44 minutes	1,630	905	720	1,460	815	640
45 to 59 minutes	620	355	265	1,270	690	580
60 minutes and over	1,545	1,145	400	800	365	430
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	19,475	9,775	9,690	5,705	2,870	2,835
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	940	715	225	770	505	270
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,680	1,780	900	1,675	845	825
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,030	2,530	2,495	1,345	635	710
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,860	2,695	4,160	795	295	505
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,865	925	945	335	130	205
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,095	1,125	970	785	465	320
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	27,760	14,475	13,285	6,750	3,340	3,415
Single responses	27,415	14,325	13,090	5,895	2,965	2,930
Official languages	26,065	13,655	12,410	5,880	2,960	2,925
English	26,010	13,650	12,360	3,915	2,140	1,775
French	60	0	50	1,970	825	1,150
Non-official languages	1,345	665	680	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	1,340	665	670	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	720	385	335	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	725	385	340	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	25	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	650	340	305	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	620	280	335	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	615	280	335	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	615	280	335	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	345	150	195	860	380	480
English and French	20	10	10	850	375	480
English and non-official language	330	145	185	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	27,760	14,475	13,280	6,750	3,340	3,415
None	23,345	12,395	10,945	3,375	1,670	1,710
English	1,140	535	605	1,385	615	775
French	120	40	75	1,960	1,045	920
Non-official language	3,140	1,500	1,640	20	0	10
Aboriginal	3,085	1,470	1,615	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	30	30	20	0	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	0	10	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	69,005	34,580	34,420	12,000	5,745	6,255
Non-movers	62,030	31,145	30,890	10,695	5,130	5,565
Movers	6,975	3,435	3,535	1,305	615	695
Non-migrants	3,765	1,815	1,955	750	345	405
Migrants	3,205	1,625	1,580	560	270	290
Internal migrants	3,090	1,560	1,530	550	265	280
Intraprovincial migrants	2,485	1,215	1,270	470	240	230
Interprovincial migrants	600	345	260	80	30	50
External migrants	115	65	50	15	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	63,495	31,735	31,760	11,380	5,435	5,945
Non-movers	45,990	23,200	22,790	6,560	3,210	3,350
Movers	17,505	8,535	8,970	4,820	2,225	2,595
Non-migrants	9,720	4,755	4,970	2,350	1,085	1,270
Migrants	7,785	3,785	4,005	2,470	1,140	1,330
Internal migrants	7,370	3,565	3,805	2,365	1,100	1,260
Intraprovincial migrants	5,405	2,525	2,885	1,970	900	1,070
Interprovincial migrants	1,965	1,045	925	395	205	190
External migrants	415	220	195	110	40	65

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Desnethé--Missinippi--Churchill River [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan and Rockland [Population centre], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Desnethé--Missinippi--Churchill River [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan and Rockland [Population centre], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Desnethé--Missinippi--Churchill River [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan and Rockland [Population centre], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Desnethé--Missinippi--Churchill River [Federal electoral district], Saskatchewan and Rockland [Population centre], Ontario