Census Profile, 2016 Census
Min-A-He-Quo-Sis 116C, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kanata--Carleton [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Min-A-He-Quo-Sis 116C, IRI Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]			Kanata--Carleton Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Min-A-He-Quo-Sis 116C, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : Min-A-He-Quo-Sis 116C, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Change geography 1			Data quality : Kanata--Carleton [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	0	...	...	110,960	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	0	...	...	100,846	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	...	...	...	10.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	0	...	...	40,386	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	0	...	...	39,293	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.0	...	...	145.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4.68	...	...	764.83	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	x	x	x	110,960	54,450	56,510
0 to 14 years	x	x	x	21,635	11,055	10,575
0 to 4 years	x	x	x	6,305	3,160	3,150
5 to 9 years	x	x	x	7,515	3,900	3,615
10 to 14 years	x	x	x	7,810	3,995	3,815
15 to 64 years	x	x	x	74,280	36,455	37,830
15 to 19 years	x	x	x	7,685	3,835	3,845
20 to 24 years	x	x	x	6,265	3,240	3,025
25 to 29 years	x	x	x	5,510	2,745	2,765
30 to 34 years	x	x	x	6,375	3,080	3,295
35 to 39 years	x	x	x	7,130	3,340	3,785
40 to 44 years	x	x	x	8,265	3,870	4,395
45 to 49 years	x	x	x	8,995	4,435	4,560
50 to 54 years	x	x	x	9,610	4,815	4,800
55 to 59 years	x	x	x	8,220	4,050	4,165
60 to 64 years	x	x	x	6,230	3,035	3,190
65 years and over	x	x	x	15,045	6,940	8,105
65 to 69 years	x	x	x	5,370	2,535	2,830
70 to 74 years	x	x	x	3,690	1,795	1,895
75 to 79 years	x	x	x	2,615	1,240	1,375
80 to 84 years	x	x	x	1,755	790	965
85 years and over	x	x	x	1,620	575	1,040
85 to 89 years	x	x	x	1,010	395	615
90 to 94 years	x	x	x	460	135	325
95 to 99 years	x	x	x	125	40	85
100 years and over	x	x	x	20	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	x	x	x	19.5	20.3	18.7
15 to 64 years	x	x	x	66.9	67.0	66.9
65 years and over	x	x	x	13.6	12.7	14.3
85 years and over	x	x	x	1.5	1.1	1.8
Average age of the population	x	x	x	39.1	38.4	39.7
Median age of the population	x	x	x	40.6	39.9	41.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	x	...	...	39,290	...	...
Single-detached house	x	...	...	23,015	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	x	...	...	1,130	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	x	...	...	15,125	...	...
Semi-detached house	x	...	...	2,000	...	...
Row house	x	...	...	11,875	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	x	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	x	...	...	1,205	...	...
Other single-attached house	x	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	x	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	x	...	...	39,295	...	...
1 person	x	...	...	6,630	...	...
2 persons	x	...	...	12,995	...	...
3 persons	x	...	...	7,465	...	...
4 persons	x	...	...	8,055	...	...
5 or more persons	x	...	...	4,140	...	...
Number of persons in private households	x	...	...	109,810	...	...
Average household size	x	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	x	x	x	89,325	43,395	45,930
Married or living common law	x	x	x	58,090	28,985	29,105
Married	x	x	x	51,055	25,465	25,590
Living common law	x	x	x	7,035	3,520	3,515
Not married and not living common law	x	x	x	31,230	14,405	16,830
Never married	x	x	x	21,450	11,395	10,055
Separated	x	x	x	2,100	870	1,235
Divorced	x	x	x	4,145	1,450	2,695
Widowed	x	x	x	3,540	690	2,845
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	x	...	...	32,645	...	...
2 persons	x	...	...	14,010	...	...
3 persons	x	...	...	7,465	...	...
4 persons	x	...	...	8,115	...	...
5 or more persons	x	...	...	3,050	...	...
Average size of census families	x	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	x	...	...	32,645	...	...
Total couple families	x	...	...	28,610	...	...
Married couples	x	...	...	25,095	...	...
Common-law couples	x	...	...	3,515	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	x	...	...	4,035	...	...
Female parent	x	...	...	3,060	...	...
Male parent	x	...	...	975	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	28,615	...	...
Couples without children	x	...	...	11,730	...	...
Couples with children	x	...	...	16,880	...	...
1 child	x	...	...	6,130	...	...
2 children	x	...	...	7,785	...	...
3 or more children	x	...	...	2,970	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	4,035	...	...
1 child	x	...	...	2,280	...	...
2 children	x	...	...	1,335	...	...
3 or more children	x	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	10,745	4,875	5,875
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	x	...	...	39,290	...	...
One-census-family households	x	...	...	30,890	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	x	...	...	10,960	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	x	...	...	19,935	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	x	...	...	865	...	...
Non-census-family households	x	...	...	7,535	...	...
One-person households	x	...	...	6,630	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	x	...	...	905	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	x	x	x	110,315	54,235	56,080
English only	x	x	x	77,140	39,400	37,745
French only	x	x	x	415	165	255
English and French	x	x	x	31,160	14,035	17,125
Neither English nor French	x	x	x	1,590	635	955
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	x	x	x	110,315	54,240	56,080
English	x	x	x	99,190	49,220	49,970
French	x	x	x	7,355	3,350	4,005
English and French	x	x	x	2,220	1,050	1,175
Neither English nor French	x	x	x	1,555	620	930
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	x	x	x	8,465	3,875	4,590
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	x	x	x	7.7	7.1	8.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	x	x	x	110,315	54,240	56,075
Single responses	x	x	x	107,140	52,745	54,395
Official languages	x	x	x	83,030	41,250	41,780
English	x	x	x	76,085	38,085	37,995
French	x	x	x	6,945	3,165	3,785
Non-official languages	x	x	x	24,110	11,495	12,615
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	15	5	5
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	5	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	5
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	5	5	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	5	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	24,100	11,490	12,605
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	2,745	1,395	1,355
Berber languages	x	x	x	45	25	20
Kabyle	x	x	x	40	20	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	225	100	130
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	15	10	5
Somali	x	x	x	215	90	125
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	2,475	1,270	1,205
Amharic	x	x	x	85	40	45
Arabic	x	x	x	2,260	1,165	1,100
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	15	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	5	0	5
Hebrew	x	x	x	50	30	20
Maltese	x	x	x	5	5	5
Tigrigna	x	x	x	50	25	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	1,170	525	640
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	220	100	120
Vietnamese	x	x	x	945	425	520
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	5	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	645	250	400
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	35	10	20
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	5	5	0
Ilocano	x	x	x	30	15	15
Malagasy	x	x	x	5	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	50	20	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	520	200	320
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	5
Creole languages	x	x	x	170	80	90
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	150	65	85
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	655	325	330
Kannada	x	x	x	45	25	25
Malayalam	x	x	x	70	35	40
Tamil	x	x	x	460	235	230
Telugu	x	x	x	75	35	40
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	10,880	5,220	5,665
Albanian	x	x	x	95	50	50
Armenian	x	x	x	50	25	20
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	3,330	1,555	1,770
Baltic languages	x	x	x	70	30	40
Latvian	x	x	x	45	20	25
Lithuanian	x	x	x	25	10	15
Slavic languages	x	x	x	3,260	1,530	1,735
Belarusan	x	x	x	5	5	5
Bosnian	x	x	x	125	65	55
Bulgarian	x	x	x	120	55	65
Croatian	x	x	x	105	45	60
Czech	x	x	x	130	60	70
Macedonian	x	x	x	10	5	0
Polish	x	x	x	710	320	390
Russian	x	x	x	1,495	715	785
Serbian	x	x	x	165	85	80
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	45	25	25
Slovak	x	x	x	110	55	55
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	20	5	15
Ukrainian	x	x	x	210	95	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	15	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	10	5	5
Welsh	x	x	x	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	1,110	530	575
Afrikaans	x	x	x	40	25	15
Danish	x	x	x	40	20	25
Dutch	x	x	x	260	130	135
Frisian	x	x	x	5	5	5
German	x	x	x	680	315	365
Icelandic	x	x	x	5	5	5
Norwegian	x	x	x	10	0	5
Swedish	x	x	x	45	25	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	10	5	5
Yiddish	x	x	x	10	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	155	90	65
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	3,635	1,785	1,850
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	2,680	1,305	1,375
Bengali	x	x	x	270	130	135
Gujarati	x	x	x	235	115	120
Hindi	x	x	x	505	250	250
Kashmiri	x	x	x	10	5	5
Konkani	x	x	x	10	5	5
Marathi	x	x	x	45	20	25
Nepali	x	x	x	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	605	300	310
Sindhi	x	x	x	30	15	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	80	35	45
Urdu	x	x	x	885	430	455
Iranian languages	x	x	x	945	470	470
Kurdish	x	x	x	40	20	15
Pashto	x	x	x	50	30	20
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	860	425	435
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	2,490	1,165	1,320
Catalan	x	x	x	5	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	495	255	240
Portuguese	x	x	x	360	155	205
Romanian	x	x	x	460	205	250
Spanish	x	x	x	1,165	540	620
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	105	30	70
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	280	130	150
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	275	125	155
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	35	15	20
Bamanankan	x	x	x	5	5	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	10	5	5
Ga	x	x	x	5	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	10	0	10
Igbo	x	x	x	10	5	5
Lingala	x	x	x	15	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	40	15	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	20	10	10
Shona	x	x	x	15	10	10
Swahili	x	x	x	30	10	15
Wolof	x	x	x	5	5	5
Yoruba	x	x	x	20	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	60	30	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	5	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	5
Sign languages	x	x	x	25	10	10
American Sign Language	x	x	x	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	6,375	3,020	3,360
Chinese languages	x	x	x	6,370	3,020	3,355
Cantonese	x	x	x	1,430	700	730
Hakka	x	x	x	25	15	10
Mandarin	x	x	x	4,565	2,145	2,420
Min Dong	x	x	x	10	5	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	140	70	70
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	95	45	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	105	45	60
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	0	5	0
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	160	70	90
Lao	x	x	x	120	60	60
Thai	x	x	x	45	15	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	310	160	150
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	25	10	15
Turkish	x	x	x	265	140	125
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	5	10
Uralic languages	x	x	x	300	155	145
Estonian	x	x	x	15	10	5
Finnish	x	x	x	50	30	25
Hungarian	x	x	x	230	115	115
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Multiple responses	x	x	x	3,175	1,490	1,685
English and French	x	x	x	1,080	510	575
English and non-official language	x	x	x	1,715	805	905
French and non-official language	x	x	x	165	80	85
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	220	100	120
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	x	x	x	110,315	54,235	56,080
Single responses	x	x	x	104,695	51,525	53,170
Official languages	x	x	x	92,135	45,505	46,630
English	x	x	x	88,875	44,045	44,830
French	x	x	x	3,260	1,460	1,800
Non-official languages	x	x	x	12,560	6,020	6,545
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	12,560	6,020	6,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	1,395	690	700
Berber languages	x	x	x	30	20	15
Kabyle	x	x	x	30	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	105	40	60
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	5	5	0
Somali	x	x	x	100	40	60
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	1,255	630	625
Amharic	x	x	x	40	15	25
Arabic	x	x	x	1,170	585	585
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	5	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	25	20	10
Maltese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	15	10	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	655	300	355
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	80	35	45
Vietnamese	x	x	x	575	260	310
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	190	80	110
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	5	0	0
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ilocano	x	x	x	10	5	5
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	155	65	90
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages	x	x	x	60	25	35
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	45	15	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	305	145	165
Kannada	x	x	x	25	10	15
Malayalam	x	x	x	20	10	5
Tamil	x	x	x	230	110	125
Telugu	x	x	x	30	15	20
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	4,990	2,390	2,605
Albanian	x	x	x	40	20	20
Armenian	x	x	x	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	1,770	870	895
Baltic languages	x	x	x	20	10	10
Latvian	x	x	x	15	5	10
Lithuanian	x	x	x	5	5	0
Slavic languages	x	x	x	1,750	860	890
Belarusan	x	x	x	5	5	5
Bosnian	x	x	x	65	35	25
Bulgarian	x	x	x	55	25	30
Croatian	x	x	x	30	15	20
Czech	x	x	x	35	15	15
Macedonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polish	x	x	x	300	140	160
Russian	x	x	x	1,015	505	510
Serbian	x	x	x	100	50	55
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Slovak	x	x	x	40	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ukrainian	x	x	x	80	40	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	110	55	55
Afrikaans	x	x	x	10	5	5
Danish	x	x	x	10	5	5
Dutch	x	x	x	15	5	10
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	65	30	30
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swedish	x	x	x	15	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	35	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	1,935	905	1,030
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	1,310	610	700
Bengali	x	x	x	160	70	95
Gujarati	x	x	x	85	40	45
Hindi	x	x	x	195	90	105
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	5	5	0
Marathi	x	x	x	20	10	10
Nepali	x	x	x	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	325	160	160
Sindhi	x	x	x	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	40	20	20
Urdu	x	x	x	470	220	255
Iranian languages	x	x	x	620	295	325
Kurdish	x	x	x	20	10	10
Pashto	x	x	x	30	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	575	270	305
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	1,075	510	565
Catalan	x	x	x	5	0	5
Italian	x	x	x	45	20	30
Portuguese	x	x	x	195	95	100
Romanian	x	x	x	230	105	125
Spanish	x	x	x	595	295	305
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	50	15	30
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	175	85	90
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	55	25	35
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	5	0	5
Bamanankan	x	x	x	5	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	0	0	0
Igbo	x	x	x	5	0	0
Lingala	x	x	x	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	20	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	5	0	0
Shona	x	x	x	5	5	0
Swahili	x	x	x	5	0	0
Wolof	x	x	x	5	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages	x	x	x	35	25	10
American Sign Language	x	x	x	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	25	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	4,340	2,095	2,250
Chinese languages	x	x	x	4,340	2,095	2,245
Cantonese	x	x	x	800	375	430
Hakka	x	x	x	0	0	5
Mandarin	x	x	x	3,350	1,635	1,715
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	65	35	35
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	65	30	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	55	25	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	60	25	40
Lao	x	x	x	55	20	35
Thai	x	x	x	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	160	80	85
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	15	10	5
Turkish	x	x	x	145	70	75
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	85	40	45
Estonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Finnish	x	x	x	5	0	5
Hungarian	x	x	x	75	35	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Multiple responses	x	x	x	5,620	2,710	2,910
English and French	x	x	x	835	385	450
English and non-official language	x	x	x	4,280	2,100	2,180
French and non-official language	x	x	x	120	55	65
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	380	175	205
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	x	x	x	110,315	54,235	56,080
None	x	x	x	88,835	44,295	44,540
English	x	x	x	7,885	3,790	4,095
French	x	x	x	5,275	2,345	2,925
Non-official language	x	x	x	7,570	3,470	4,100
Aboriginal	x	x	x	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	x	x	x	7,550	3,460	4,090
English and French	x	x	x	230	110	115
English and non-official language	x	x	x	160	70	95
French and non-official language	x	x	x	360	155	200
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	10	10	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	88,195	43,030	45,165
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	83,910	41,030	42,880
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	47,872	59,991	38,750
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	83,945	41,040	42,910
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	41,664	51,044	34,421
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	78,710	39,145	39,560
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	46,519	58,821	36,744
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	54,715	23,770	30,950
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	2,744	1,047	3,741
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	65,915	33,760	32,150
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	47,423	59,244	38,442
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	x	x	x	88,260	43,030	45,225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	83,905	40,965	42,940
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	59,742	73,156	46,943
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	83,935	40,975	42,965
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	48,140	57,618	39,102
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	78,890	39,120	39,765
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	59,220	73,199	45,469
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	55,105	23,930	31,170
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	6,184	5,575	6,651
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	65,950	33,815	32,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	59,216	71,759	46,015
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	88,255	43,025	45,230
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	36,330	20,310	16,025
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	71,854	81,313	60,872
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	81,871	94,134	66,329
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	93.2	95.5	89.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	77.7	80.3	73.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	6.8	4.5	10.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	88,195	43,030	45,165
Without total income	x	x	x	4,280	1,995	2,285
With total income	x	x	x	83,910	41,030	42,880
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	95.1	95.4	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	11,410	4,570	6,845
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	10,450	4,050	6,405
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	7,635	3,010	4,625
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	6,975	2,875	4,095
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,015	2,940	4,075
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,785	3,075	3,710
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	6,065	3,035	3,025
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	5,325	2,900	2,430
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	4,655	2,610	2,050
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	4,380	2,420	1,960
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	13,210	9,550	3,660
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	9,235	6,400	2,835
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	3,975	3,150	825
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	88,195	43,030	45,165
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	4,245	1,990	2,260
With after-tax income	x	x	x	83,945	41,040	42,910
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	95.2	95.4	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	11,925	4,670	7,260
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	10,940	4,260	6,680
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	8,850	3,585	5,270
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	8,705	3,635	5,065
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	8,970	3,935	5,040
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	8,130	4,050	4,075
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	6,920	3,850	3,065
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	6,065	3,415	2,645
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	13,450	9,640	3,810
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	4,435	2,830	1,605
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,875	2,045	830
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	6,135	4,760	1,375
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	88,195	43,030	45,165
Without employment income	x	x	x	22,280	9,265	13,010
With employment income	x	x	x	65,915	33,765	32,150
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	74.7	78.5	71.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	7,795	3,710	4,085
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	4,415	1,805	2,610
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	6,895	2,930	3,970
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	5,210	2,235	2,975
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	4,950	2,070	2,880
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	4,925	2,130	2,795
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	4,785	2,140	2,645
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	4,400	2,145	2,255
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	3,925	2,165	1,760
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	18,615	12,430	6,185
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,950	2,130	1,815
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	3,700	2,080	1,620
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	10,970	8,220	2,750
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	x	...	...	39,295	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	109,440	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	91,761	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	6,630	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	58,891	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	49,167	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	32,665	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	121,445	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	101,790	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	39,300	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	127,556	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,821	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	6,630	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	69,902	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	55,325	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	32,670	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	139,259	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	112,463	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	39,295	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	315	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	190	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	280	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	460	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	555	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	620	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	650	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	815	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	785	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	925	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	2,100	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	2,285	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	2,380	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,505	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,530	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	21,885	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	5,755	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	4,555	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	6,035	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	5,540	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	39,290	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	360	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	195	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	290	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	475	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	625	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	870	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	970	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,130	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,290	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	2,785	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	2,990	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	3,225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	3,205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,965	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	17,220	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	6,135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	4,335	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	6,760	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	32,025	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	121,367	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	101,598	...	...
Average family size of economic families	x	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	10,695	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	107,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	90,584	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	x	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	16,945	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	144,599	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	119,933	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	x	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	3,760	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	74,961	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	65,772	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	x	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	32,040	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	139,296	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	112,345	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	10,755	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	126,116	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	101,275	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	16,905	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	160,872	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	129,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	3,730	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	83,071	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	69,686	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	8,860	4,220	4,640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	52,463	55,761	49,851
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	44,416	47,189	42,747
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	8,805	4,175	4,630
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	62,405	66,780	58,459
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	50,086	52,338	48,055
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	109,810	54,075	55,730
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	30,875	14,810	16,065
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	4,680	2,300	2,380
In the second decile	x	x	x	4,805	2,250	2,560
In the third decile	x	x	x	5,405	2,530	2,875
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	7,130	3,465	3,660
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	8,860	4,270	4,590
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	78,930	39,265	39,665
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	10,820	5,225	5,595
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	12,915	6,340	6,575
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	15,475	7,735	7,745
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	19,350	9,680	9,675
In the top decile	x	x	x	20,370	10,295	10,080
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	109,810	54,075	55,735
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	26,285	13,420	12,870
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	7,675	3,925	3,745
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	69,450	33,995	35,455
65 years and over	x	x	x	14,075	6,665	7,415
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	6,680	3,180	3,500
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,105	1,125	975
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	615	350	265
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	3,720	1,705	2,015
65 years and over	x	x	x	860	350	510
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	6.1	5.9	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	8.4	7.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	8.0	8.9	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	5.4	5.0	5.7
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	6.1	5.3	6.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	3,645	1,820	1,825
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	1,060	575	485
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	305	180	130
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	2,320	1,135	1,180
65 years and over	x	x	x	270	110	155
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	3.3	3.4	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	4.0	4.3	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	4.0	4.6	3.5
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	3.3	3.3	3.3
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	1.9	1.7	2.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	x	x	x	109,905	54,075	55,820
Official languages	x	x	x	108,340	53,435	54,900
English	x	x	x	107,870	53,255	54,620
French	x	x	x	31,460	13,965	17,495
Non-official languages	x	x	x	30,425	14,380	16,045
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	15	10	10
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	10	10	0
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	10	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	30,410	14,375	16,035
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	3,910	1,970	1,940
Berber languages	x	x	x	120	65	55
Kabyle	x	x	x	120	65	55
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	330	150	185
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	25	10	10
Somali	x	x	x	305	140	170
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	10
Semitic languages	x	x	x	3,545	1,790	1,755
Amharic	x	x	x	100	45	60
Arabic	x	x	x	3,095	1,550	1,545
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	10	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	10	0	10
Hebrew	x	x	x	315	180	135
Maltese	x	x	x	10	10	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	40	15	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	1,380	600	775
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	380	170	215
Vietnamese	x	x	x	1,015	445	575
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	855	315	540
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	75	35	40
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	10	0	15
Ilocano	x	x	x	60	30	30
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	75	25	40
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	750	270	480
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	10	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	0
Creole languages	x	x	x	460	210	250
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	400	185	220
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	50	20	30
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	930	445	485
Kannada	x	x	x	120	55	65
Malayalam	x	x	x	65	20	45
Tamil	x	x	x	720	360	355
Telugu	x	x	x	90	30	60
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	14,325	6,810	7,520
Albanian	x	x	x	125	70	55
Armenian	x	x	x	60	40	20
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	3,705	1,760	1,945
Baltic languages	x	x	x	70	20	50
Latvian	x	x	x	20	15	10
Lithuanian	x	x	x	50	10	35
Slavic languages	x	x	x	3,640	1,735	1,905
Belarusan	x	x	x	15	10	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	235	135	95
Bulgarian	x	x	x	125	65	65
Croatian	x	x	x	200	120	85
Czech	x	x	x	165	70	95
Macedonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polish	x	x	x	915	430	490
Russian	x	x	x	1,765	830	930
Serbian	x	x	x	240	135	105
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	90	40	50
Slovak	x	x	x	145	60	85
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	25	0	15
Ukrainian	x	x	x	260	120	145
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	50	15	35
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	20	10	15
Welsh	x	x	x	15	0	15
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	10	15
Germanic languages	x	x	x	1,870	850	1,020
Afrikaans	x	x	x	75	30	45
Danish	x	x	x	40	15	25
Dutch	x	x	x	395	180	220
Frisian	x	x	x	0	10	0
German	x	x	x	1,305	605	705
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	30	0	30
Swedish	x	x	x	85	45	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	0	0	10
Yiddish	x	x	x	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	145	90	60
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	4,435	2,155	2,285
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	3,395	1,625	1,770
Bengali	x	x	x	365	175	185
Gujarati	x	x	x	300	145	155
Hindi	x	x	x	1,550	740	815
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	35	15	15
Marathi	x	x	x	125	75	50
Nepali	x	x	x	10	10	10
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	10	10	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	870	425	445
Sindhi	x	x	x	70	30	45
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	165	75	90
Urdu	x	x	x	985	485	505
Iranian languages	x	x	x	1,090	550	540
Kurdish	x	x	x	65	40	25
Pashto	x	x	x	130	80	45
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	1,010	495	515
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	4,395	2,060	2,335
Catalan	x	x	x	10	0	10
Italian	x	x	x	905	460	445
Portuguese	x	x	x	535	235	305
Romanian	x	x	x	575	275	300
Spanish	x	x	x	2,625	1,235	1,385
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	10	0
Japanese	x	x	x	225	110	115
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	345	145	195
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	10	10	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	550	250	300
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	70	30	35
Bamanankan	x	x	x	10	10	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	10	0	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	10	10	0
Ga	x	x	x	20	0	15
Ganda	x	x	x	0	0	10
Igbo	x	x	x	15	0	10
Lingala	x	x	x	60	25	30
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	65	25	40
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	10	0	10
Shona	x	x	x	30	10	15
Swahili	x	x	x	145	80	60
Wolof	x	x	x	10	0	10
Yoruba	x	x	x	60	25	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	130	45	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages	x	x	x	180	85	100
American Sign Language	x	x	x	95	35	60
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	85	45	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	7,355	3,510	3,845
Chinese languages	x	x	x	7,335	3,495	3,840
Cantonese	x	x	x	1,850	860	985
Hakka	x	x	x	60	30	30
Mandarin	x	x	x	5,675	2,675	3,000
Min Dong	x	x	x	10	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	190	105	85
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	90	55	35
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	165	80	90
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	25	15	0
Burmese	x	x	x	10	0	10
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	265	115	150
Lao	x	x	x	195	90	105
Thai	x	x	x	100	45	55
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	475	255	220
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	25	10	10
Turkish	x	x	x	450	245	205
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	380	225	155
Estonian	x	x	x	25	10	0
Finnish	x	x	x	105	65	40
Hungarian	x	x	x	250	145	105
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	15	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	x	x	x	109,905	54,080	55,825
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	x	x	x	104,135	51,415	52,720
Canadian citizens aged under 18	x	x	x	25,355	12,895	12,465
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	x	x	x	78,775	38,520	40,255
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	x	x	x	5,770	2,665	3,105
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	x	x	x	109,900	54,080	55,825
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	x	x	x	83,135	41,585	41,555
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	x	x	x	25,965	12,135	13,835
Before 1981	x	x	x	5,720	2,705	3,015
1981 to 1990	x	x	x	3,540	1,815	1,730
1991 to 2000	x	x	x	7,175	3,265	3,910
2001 to 2010	x	x	x	6,690	2,975	3,710
2001 to 2005	x	x	x	3,565	1,575	1,985
2006 to 2010	x	x	x	3,125	1,395	1,720
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	x	x	x	2,840	1,375	1,470
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	x	x	x	795	360	435
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	x	x	x	25,970	12,135	13,835
Under 5 years	x	x	x	3,130	1,525	1,605
5 to 14 years	x	x	x	3,920	1,940	1,980
15 to 24 years	x	x	x	4,770	2,075	2,700
25 to 44 years	x	x	x	11,815	5,605	6,215
45 years and over	x	x	x	2,330	985	1,340
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	x	x	x	25,970	12,130	13,835
Americas	x	x	x	3,140	1,380	1,760
Brazil	x	x	x	230	105	125
Colombia	x	x	x	95	40	55
El Salvador	x	x	x	135	65	75
Guyana	x	x	x	110	40	70
Haiti	x	x	x	285	130	155
Jamaica	x	x	x	225	125	100
Mexico	x	x	x	140	60	80
Peru	x	x	x	60	20	35
Trinidad and Tobago	x	x	x	155	60	95
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	x	x	x	1,030	410	615
Other places of birth in Americas	x	x	x	675	320	355
Europe	x	x	x	7,375	3,545	3,835
Bosnia and Herzegovina	x	x	x	215	120	95
Croatia	x	x	x	40	15	25
France	x	x	x	205	105	105
Germany	x	x	x	495	215	280
Greece	x	x	x	50	35	15
Hungary	x	x	x	100	65	35
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	x	x	x	105	45	60
Italy	x	x	x	205	120	90
Netherlands	x	x	x	255	130	125
Poland	x	x	x	575	245	335
Portugal	x	x	x	65	30	35
Romania	x	x	x	445	200	250
Russian Federation	x	x	x	570	270	300
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	x	x	x	115	70	50
Ukraine	x	x	x	270	130	140
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	x	x	x	2,650	1,300	1,350
Other places of birth in Europe	x	x	x	1,005	465	540
Africa	x	x	x	2,070	920	1,150
Algeria	x	x	x	140	60	75
Egypt	x	x	x	525	285	245
Ethiopia	x	x	x	120	45	70
Kenya	x	x	x	80	30	50
Morocco	x	x	x	75	35	35
Nigeria	x	x	x	90	50	45
Somalia	x	x	x	145	45	100
South Africa, Republic of	x	x	x	115	45	70
Other places of birth in Africa	x	x	x	790	325	465
Asia	x	x	x	13,260	6,225	7,035
Afghanistan	x	x	x	240	110	130
Bangladesh	x	x	x	195	95	105
China^{Census data footnote 59}	x	x	x	4,060	1,870	2,190
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	x	x	x	510	245	260
India	x	x	x	1,725	830	895
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	x	x	x	555	275	280
Iraq	x	x	x	170	90	80
Japan	x	x	x	80	20	60
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	x	x	x	255	115	140
Lebanon	x	x	x	480	250	230
Pakistan	x	x	x	505	265	250
Philippines	x	x	x	755	290	460
Sri Lanka	x	x	x	475	225	245
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	x	x	x	225	125	105
Taiwan	x	x	x	120	60	60
Viet Nam	x	x	x	900	395	510
Other places of birth in Asia	x	x	x	2,015	975	1,040
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	x	x	x	120	65	55
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	x	x	x	2,840	1,375	1,465
Americas	x	x	x	340	150	185
Brazil	x	x	x	15	0	10
Colombia	x	x	x	15	0	15
Cuba	x	x	x	15	10	0
Haiti	x	x	x	75	40	35
Jamaica	x	x	x	0	10	0
Mexico	x	x	x	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	x	x	x	120	55	65
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	x	x	x	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	x	x	x	70	35	40
Europe	x	x	x	410	190	220
France	x	x	x	20	15	0
Germany	x	x	x	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	x	x	x	20	10	10
Romania	x	x	x	15	0	0
Russian Federation	x	x	x	105	55	50
Ukraine	x	x	x	45	25	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	x	x	x	130	50	80
Other places of birth in Europe	x	x	x	70	35	35
Africa	x	x	x	305	135	170
Algeria	x	x	x	15	0	10
Cameroon	x	x	x	30	10	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	x	x	x	10	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	x	x	x	25	0	25
Egypt	x	x	x	70	45	25
Eritrea	x	x	x	10	0	0
Ethiopia	x	x	x	10	10	10
Morocco	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nigeria	x	x	x	10	10	10
Somalia	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	x	x	x	35	15	25
Tunisia	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	x	x	x	105	40	70
Asia	x	x	x	1,750	875	870
Afghanistan	x	x	x	15	10	10
Bangladesh	x	x	x	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	x	x	x	655	320	340
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	x	x	x	10	10	10
India	x	x	x	255	135	115
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	x	x	x	40	15	30
Iraq	x	x	x	55	25	25
Israel	x	x	x	105	60	40
Japan	x	x	x	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	x	x	x	25	15	20
Lebanon	x	x	x	50	25	25
Nepal	x	x	x	10	10	10
Pakistan	x	x	x	65	35	35
Philippines	x	x	x	130	55	75
Saudi Arabia	x	x	x	35	10	25
Sri Lanka	x	x	x	25	10	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	x	x	x	90	65	25
Taiwan	x	x	x	10	0	0
Turkey	x	x	x	30	10	20
United Arab Emirates	x	x	x	35	25	10
Viet Nam	x	x	x	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	x	x	x	110	70	45
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	x	x	x	40	20	20
Australia	x	x	x	40	20	15
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	x	x	x	109,905	54,075	55,825
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	x	x	x	27,730	13,005	14,730
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	x	x	x	22,990	11,555	11,440
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	x	x	x	59,175	29,520	29,660
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	x	x	x	20,560	9,570	10,995
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	x	x	x	11,745	5,995	5,750
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	x	x	x	5,060	3,500	1,560
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	x	x	x	6,685	2,490	4,195
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	x	x	x	5,685	2,045	3,635
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	x	x	x	2,985	1,490	1,495
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	x	x	x	150	40	110
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	x	x	x	109,900	54,080	55,825
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	x	x	x	2,125	1,145	980
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	x	x	x	1,995	1,080	910
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	x	x	x	1,130	635	490
Métis	x	x	x	810	405	400
Inuk (Inuit)	x	x	x	55	35	25
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	x	x	x	60	35	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	x	x	x	75	30	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	x	x	x	107,775	52,935	54,845
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	x	x	x	109,905	54,075	55,825
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	x	x	x	545	290	250
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	x	x	x	109,360	53,785	55,575
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	x	x	x	109,900	54,080	55,825
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	x	x	x	295	170	125
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	x	x	x	295	170	125
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	x	x	x	195	120	75
Métis single ancestry	x	x	x	75	35	45
Inuit single ancestry	x	x	x	25	20	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	x	x	x	4,005	2,050	1,955
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	x	x	x	3,930	2,015	1,920
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	2,755	1,385	1,365
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	1,135	615	525
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	40	10	30
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	x	x	x	75	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	60	25	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	10	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	x	x	x	105,605	51,860	53,740
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	x	x	x	109,905	54,075	55,825
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	x	x	x	26,565	12,635	13,930
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	x	x	x	5,440	2,640	2,800
Chinese	x	x	x	8,265	3,910	4,355
Black	x	x	x	3,240	1,550	1,695
Filipino	x	x	x	1,125	425	695
Latin American	x	x	x	1,090	535	560
Arab	x	x	x	2,695	1,395	1,300
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	x	x	x	2,060	905	1,155
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	x	x	x	1,000	525	475
Korean	x	x	x	405	170	235
Japanese	x	x	x	290	120	170
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	x	x	x	160	80	80
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	x	x	x	785	385	400
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	x	x	x	83,340	41,445	41,895
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	x	x	x	109,900	54,075	55,825
North American Aboriginal origins	x	x	x	4,300	2,220	2,080
First Nations (North American Indian)	x	x	x	3,020	1,545	1,475
Inuit	x	x	x	80	40	40
Métis	x	x	x	1,275	675	605
Other North American origins	x	x	x	32,475	16,145	16,330
Acadian	x	x	x	425	230	195
American	x	x	x	1,460	705	750
Canadian	x	x	x	31,245	15,545	15,695
New Brunswicker	x	x	x	15	10	10
Newfoundlander	x	x	x	60	35	25
Nova Scotian	x	x	x	20	25	0
Ontarian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Québécois	x	x	x	55	35	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	x	x	x	0	0	0
European origins	x	x	x	73,615	36,410	37,200
British Isles origins	x	x	x	52,870	26,210	26,655
Channel Islander	x	x	x	15	0	10
Cornish	x	x	x	0	0	10
English	x	x	x	26,600	13,175	13,425
Irish	x	x	x	27,555	13,425	14,130
Manx	x	x	x	25	15	10
Scottish	x	x	x	23,155	11,550	11,605
Welsh	x	x	x	2,305	1,160	1,145
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	x	x	x	4,295	1,975	2,320
French origins	x	x	x	19,440	9,320	10,115
Alsatian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Breton	x	x	x	0	0	0
Corsican	x	x	x	0	0	0
French	x	x	x	19,440	9,320	10,115
Western European origins (except French origins)	x	x	x	15,360	7,585	7,770
Austrian	x	x	x	860	445	415
Bavarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Belgian	x	x	x	490	255	235
Dutch	x	x	x	3,945	2,015	1,925
Flemish	x	x	x	55	25	25
Frisian	x	x	x	10	10	0
German	x	x	x	10,560	5,110	5,450
Luxembourger	x	x	x	10	0	0
Swiss	x	x	x	540	290	250
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	x	x	x	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	x	x	x	3,080	1,580	1,500
Danish	x	x	x	630	325	305
Finnish	x	x	x	610	330	280
Icelandic	x	x	x	260	120	140
Norwegian	x	x	x	690	330	355
Swedish	x	x	x	930	510	415
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	x	x	x	205	105	105
Eastern European origins	x	x	x	11,710	5,750	5,960
Bulgarian	x	x	x	155	75	80
Byelorussian	x	x	x	160	80	80
Czech	x	x	x	405	215	190
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	x	x	x	110	55	55
Estonian	x	x	x	95	30	60
Hungarian	x	x	x	1,100	565	535
Latvian	x	x	x	160	85	80
Lithuanian	x	x	x	215	100	115
Moldovan	x	x	x	60	20	40
Polish	x	x	x	4,295	2,085	2,210
Romanian	x	x	x	990	470	525
Russian	x	x	x	2,120	1,010	1,115
Slovak	x	x	x	350	160	195
Ukrainian	x	x	x	3,585	1,795	1,790
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	x	x	x	25	15	10
Southern European origins	x	x	x	8,405	4,170	4,235
Albanian	x	x	x	125	70	55
Bosnian	x	x	x	245	145	100
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Croatian	x	x	x	440	240	205
Cypriot	x	x	x	10	0	10
Greek	x	x	x	565	260	295
Italian	x	x	x	4,660	2,355	2,300
Kosovar	x	x	x	0	0	0
Macedonian	x	x	x	35	25	10
Maltese	x	x	x	50	40	10
Montenegrin	x	x	x	10	0	10
Portuguese	x	x	x	735	340	395
Serbian	x	x	x	320	180	140
Sicilian	x	x	x	15	10	0
Slovenian	x	x	x	195	85	105
Spanish	x	x	x	1,570	685	885
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	x	x	x	120	60	55
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other European origins	x	x	x	885	480	400
Basque	x	x	x	45	30	15
Jewish	x	x	x	615	345	275
Roma (Gypsy)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	x	x	x	15	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	x	x	x	200	90	105
Caribbean origins	x	x	x	1,860	875	985
Antiguan	x	x	x	40	20	20
Bahamian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Barbadian	x	x	x	95	45	45
Bermudan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carib	x	x	x	30	10	20
Cuban	x	x	x	125	50	80
Dominican	x	x	x	15	10	15
Grenadian	x	x	x	15	10	0
Guadeloupean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haitian	x	x	x	505	245	260
Jamaican	x	x	x	720	335	385
Kittitian/Nevisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Martinican	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montserratan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	x	x	x	0	0	10
St. Lucian	x	x	x	25	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	x	x	x	205	90	110
Vincentian/Grenadinian	x	x	x	0	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	x	x	x	155	70	85
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	x	x	x	65	35	25
Latin, Central and South American origins	x	x	x	1,885	860	1,020
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	x	x	x	40	15	25
Arawak	x	x	x	10	0	0
Argentinian	x	x	x	110	55	55
Belizean	x	x	x	25	10	15
Bolivian	x	x	x	10	10	10
Brazilian	x	x	x	175	60	115
Chilean	x	x	x	95	40	60
Colombian	x	x	x	145	55	85
Costa Rican	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	x	x	x	40	25	15
Guatemalan	x	x	x	40	30	15
Guyanese	x	x	x	100	50	50
Hispanic	x	x	x	10	0	0
Honduran	x	x	x	25	15	15
Maya	x	x	x	15	15	0
Mexican	x	x	x	390	180	210
Nicaraguan	x	x	x	135	50	85
Panamanian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Paraguayan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Peruvian	x	x	x	160	70	80
Salvadorean	x	x	x	200	120	80
Uruguayan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Venezuelan	x	x	x	130	65	65
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	x	x	x	125	45	75
African origins	x	x	x	3,705	1,800	1,910
Central and West African origins	x	x	x	640	345	300
Akan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Angolan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ashanti	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beninese	x	x	x	0	0	10
Burkinabe	x	x	x	60	30	25
Cameroonian	x	x	x	95	60	40
Chadian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Congolese	x	x	x	135	55	90
Edo	x	x	x	10	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gabonese	x	x	x	10	0	10
Gambian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ghanaian	x	x	x	165	85	80
Guinean	x	x	x	10	10	0
Ibo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ivorian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Liberian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malian	x	x	x	25	20	0
Malinké	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nigerian	x	x	x	85	50	35
Peulh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Senegalese	x	x	x	50	35	10
Sierra Leonean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Togolese	x	x	x	20	20	10
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	10	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	x	x	x	20	0	15
North African origins	x	x	x	1,355	720	640
Algerian	x	x	x	115	50	65
Berber	x	x	x	115	65	50
Coptic	x	x	x	10	10	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Egyptian	x	x	x	810	415	390
Libyan	x	x	x	85	50	40
Maure	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moroccan	x	x	x	115	75	45
Sudanese	x	x	x	45	25	25
Tunisian	x	x	x	70	50	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	x	x	x	50	30	25
Southern and East African origins	x	x	x	1,210	530	685
Afrikaner	x	x	x	0	0	0
Amhara	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	x	x	x	0	0	10
Burundian	x	x	x	95	40	60
Djiboutian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Eritrean	x	x	x	55	20	35
Ethiopian	x	x	x	155	65	85
Harari	x	x	x	10	0	0
Kenyan	x	x	x	60	40	25
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mauritian	x	x	x	60	25	30
Oromo	x	x	x	35	10	20
Rwandan	x	x	x	45	15	25
Seychellois	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	400	195	205
South African	x	x	x	165	55	110
Tanzanian	x	x	x	40	20	20
Tigrian	x	x	x	25	10	10
Ugandan	x	x	x	30	20	15
Zambian	x	x	x	20	10	15
Zimbabwean	x	x	x	35	20	15
Zulu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	x	x	x	65	25	40
Other African origins	x	x	x	635	285	355
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	x	x	x	55	25	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	x	x	x	585	260	325
Asian origins	x	x	x	23,350	11,075	12,275
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	x	x	x	5,115	2,590	2,525
Afghan	x	x	x	365	195	170
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	x	x	x	390	185	205
Armenian	x	x	x	165	85	80
Assyrian	x	x	x	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	35	0	35
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hazara	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iranian	x	x	x	900	430	465
Iraqi	x	x	x	280	145	135
Israeli	x	x	x	110	60	45
Jordanian	x	x	x	120	70	55
Kazakh	x	x	x	20	10	10
Kurd	x	x	x	50	35	15
Kuwaiti	x	x	x	30	15	10
Kyrgyz	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lebanese	x	x	x	1,365	680	680
Palestinian	x	x	x	525	275	250
Pashtun	x	x	x	50	30	25
Saudi Arabian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Syrian	x	x	x	400	190	210
Tajik	x	x	x	15	0	10
Tatar	x	x	x	20	10	15
Turk	x	x	x	520	290	225
Turkmen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uighur	x	x	x	15	15	10
Uzbek	x	x	x	10	10	0
Yemeni	x	x	x	20	10	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	x	x	x	225	120	110
South Asian origins	x	x	x	5,615	2,685	2,925
Bangladeshi	x	x	x	105	55	50
Bengali	x	x	x	110	50	55
Bhutanese	x	x	x	0	0	0
East Indian	x	x	x	3,915	1,860	2,050
Goan	x	x	x	10	0	10
Gujarati	x	x	x	50	20	25
Kashmiri	x	x	x	15	10	10
Nepali	x	x	x	10	10	0
Pakistani	x	x	x	560	280	285
Punjabi	x	x	x	240	125	110
Sinhalese	x	x	x	35	25	15
Sri Lankan	x	x	x	575	265	310
Tamil	x	x	x	240	115	125
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	x	x	x	390	200	185
East and Southeast Asian origins	x	x	x	12,905	5,905	6,995
Burmese	x	x	x	40	20	20
Cambodian (Khmer)	x	x	x	560	255	305
Chinese	x	x	x	9,170	4,285	4,890
Filipino	x	x	x	1,255	495	760
Hmong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indonesian	x	x	x	85	30	60
Japanese	x	x	x	380	150	230
Karen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	430	185	250
Laotian	x	x	x	250	115	135
Malaysian	x	x	x	70	30	40
Mongolian	x	x	x	20	10	15
Singaporean	x	x	x	10	0	0
Taiwanese	x	x	x	85	45	45
Thai	x	x	x	100	25	75
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	1,245	570	680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	x	x	x	85	40	45
Other Asian origins	x	x	x	50	25	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	x	x	x	50	30	20
Oceania origins	x	x	x	230	110	120
Australian	x	x	x	145	75	75
New Zealander	x	x	x	40	0	35
Pacific Islands origins	x	x	x	40	30	10
Fijian	x	x	x	20	15	10
Hawaiian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Maori	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	x	x	x	0	0	0
Samoan	x	x	x	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	x	x	x	20	15	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	x	...	...	39,300	...	...
Owner	x	...	...	33,885	...	...
Renter	x	...	...	5,410	...	...
Band housing	x	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	x	...	...	39,300	...	...
Condominium	x	...	...	3,470	...	...
Not condominium	x	...	...	35,825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	x	...	...	39,295	...	...
No bedrooms	x	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	x	...	...	880	...	...
2 bedrooms	x	...	...	4,500	...	...
3 bedrooms	x	...	...	19,630	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	x	...	...	14,280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	x	...	...	39,295	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	x	...	...	3,270	...	...
5 rooms	x	...	...	4,365	...	...
6 rooms	x	...	...	6,705	...	...
7 rooms	x	...	...	7,705	...	...
8 or more rooms	x	...	...	17,245	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	x	...	...	7.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	x	...	...	39,300	...	...
One person or fewer per room	x	...	...	38,955	...	...
More than 1 person per room	x	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	x	...	...	39,295	...	...
Suitable	x	...	...	38,305	...	...
Not suitable	x	...	...	985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	x	...	...	39,300	...	...
1960 or before	x	...	...	1,480	...	...
1961 to 1980	x	...	...	7,480	...	...
1981 to 1990	x	...	...	7,340	...	...
1991 to 2000	x	...	...	8,155	...	...
2001 to 2005	x	...	...	5,315	...	...
2006 to 2010	x	...	...	4,950	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	x	...	...	4,565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	x	...	...	39,300	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	x	...	...	37,995	...	...
Major repairs needed	x	...	...	1,305	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	x	...	...	39,295	...	...
1 household maintainer	x	...	...	19,210	...	...
2 household maintainers	x	...	...	19,280	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	x	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	x	...	...	39,295	...	...
15 to 24 years	x	...	...	365	...	...
25 to 34 years	x	...	...	4,495	...	...
35 to 44 years	x	...	...	7,900	...	...
45 to 54 years	x	...	...	10,420	...	...
55 to 64 years	x	...	...	8,080	...	...
65 to 74 years	x	...	...	5,025	...	...
75 to 84 years	x	...	...	2,400	...	...
85 years and over	x	...	...	605	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	38,975	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	32,710	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	6,265	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	5,455	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x	...	...	33,615	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	x	...	...	64.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	12.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,488	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,510	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	x	...	...	394,167	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	x	...	...	422,068	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x	...	...	5,395	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	x	...	...	9.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	40.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,568	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,482	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	x	x	x	88,255	43,030	45,230
No certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	9,420	4,585	4,825
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	x	x	x	20,025	9,825	10,200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	58,815	28,615	30,200
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x	x	x	3,590	2,490	1,095
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	x	x	x	1,750	1,060	690
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	x	x	x	1,840	1,435	400
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	x	x	x	20,365	9,010	11,355
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x	x	x	1,585	700	885
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	x	x	x	33,275	16,415	16,865
Bachelor's degree	x	x	x	21,225	9,825	11,395
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x	x	x	1,845	850	1,000
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x	x	x	630	295	335
Master's degree	x	x	x	7,895	4,150	3,745
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	x	x	x	1,680	1,295	390
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	x	x	x	60,225	29,340	30,885
No certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	2,455	1,260	1,195
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	x	x	x	10,660	5,370	5,285
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	47,105	22,705	24,405
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x	x	x	2,540	1,760	780
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	x	x	x	1,240	750	485
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	x	x	x	1,300	1,005	295
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	x	x	x	16,145	7,295	8,845
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x	x	x	1,130	495	630
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	x	x	x	27,290	13,155	14,140
Bachelor's degree	x	x	x	17,295	7,960	9,335
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x	x	x	1,455	630	825
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x	x	x	515	210	310
Master's degree	x	x	x	6,745	3,415	3,330
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	x	x	x	1,285	935	350
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	x	x	x	88,255	43,025	45,230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	x	x	x	29,440	14,415	15,025
Education	x	x	x	3,040	575	2,465
13. Education	x	x	x	3,045	580	2,465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x	x	x	1,585	630	950
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x	x	x	335	260	70
50. Visual and performing arts	x	x	x	1,245	370	875
Humanities	x	x	x	2,870	920	1,945
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	x	x	x	355	40	315
23. English language and literature/letters	x	x	x	810	160	650
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x	x	x	625	170	450
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	x	x	x	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x	x	x	150	75	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	x	x	x	225	135	90
54. History	x	x	x	540	320	225
55. French language and literature/letters	x	x	x	155	20	135
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x	x	x	8,335	2,545	5,790
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x	x	x	95	0	90
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x	x	x	850	225	625
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x	x	x	1,210	80	1,130
22. Legal professions and studies	x	x	x	1,195	370	825
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	x	x	x	165	45	120
42. Psychology	x	x	x	1,510	310	1,200
45. Social sciences	x	x	x	3,300	1,510	1,795
Business, management and public administration	x	x	x	11,250	4,575	6,670
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x	x	x	25	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	x	x	x	675	160	515
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x	x	x	10,545	4,410	6,135
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x	x	x	3,325	1,705	1,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x	x	x	1,510	540	975
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x	x	x	480	225	255
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	x	x	x	20	10	15
40. Physical sciences	x	x	x	1,225	885	340
41. Science technologies/technicians	x	x	x	90	55	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x	x	x	5,600	3,545	2,055
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x	x	x	4,480	3,030	1,450
25. Library science	x	x	x	245	25	220
27. Mathematics and statistics	x	x	x	675	360	315
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	x	x	x	205	130	75
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	x	x	x	13,290	11,330	1,960
04. Architecture and related services	x	x	x	420	275	150
14. Engineering	x	x	x	6,970	5,620	1,350
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	x	x	x	2,950	2,605	350
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x	x	x	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	x	x	x	1,145	1,125	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x	x	x	1,295	1,230	65
48. Precision production	x	x	x	500	480	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	755	405	350
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	x	x	x	415	235	180
03. Natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	335	170	170
Health and related fields	x	x	x	6,535	1,225	5,305
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	x	x	x	680	310	370
51. Health professions and related programs	x	x	x	5,655	820	4,840
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	x	x	x	195	100	95
Personal, protective and transportation services	x	x	x	2,240	1,145	1,090
12. Personal and culinary services	x	x	x	1,105	305	800
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x	x	x	100	65	35
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x	x	x	35	25	10
43. Security and protective services	x	x	x	785	570	210
49. Transportation and materials moving	x	x	x	210	175	40
Other	x	x	x	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	x	x	x	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	x	x	x	60,220	29,335	30,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	x	x	x	13,110	6,630	6,485
Education	x	x	x	2,070	395	1,675
13. Education	x	x	x	2,075	395	1,670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x	x	x	1,215	475	740
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x	x	x	260	200	60
50. Visual and performing arts	x	x	x	955	275	680
Humanities	x	x	x	2,095	660	1,435
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	x	x	x	295	30	270
23. English language and literature/letters	x	x	x	565	100	465
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x	x	x	455	120	335
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	x	x	x	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x	x	x	100	50	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	x	x	x	155	100	55
54. History	x	x	x	425	250	180
55. French language and literature/letters	x	x	x	85	10	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x	x	x	6,735	1,955	4,785
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x	x	x	80	0	75
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x	x	x	670	180	495
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x	x	x	965	70	895
22. Legal professions and studies	x	x	x	1,030	290	745
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	x	x	x	145	40	100
42. Psychology	x	x	x	1,155	210	940
45. Social sciences	x	x	x	2,690	1,165	1,530
Business, management and public administration	x	x	x	9,150	3,540	5,610
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x	x	x	15	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	x	x	x	530	120	415
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x	x	x	8,600	3,420	5,185
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x	x	x	2,460	1,155	1,305
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x	x	x	1,115	350	765
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x	x	x	370	160	210
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	x	x	x	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	x	x	x	895	610	285
41. Science technologies/technicians	x	x	x	65	40	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x	x	x	5,090	3,265	1,825
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x	x	x	4,220	2,865	1,360
25. Library science	x	x	x	165	10	155
27. Mathematics and statistics	x	x	x	510	275	235
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	x	x	x	195	115	75
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	x	x	x	10,805	9,035	1,775
04. Architecture and related services	x	x	x	330	200	130
14. Engineering	x	x	x	5,945	4,680	1,260
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	x	x	x	2,350	2,060	295
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x	x	x	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	x	x	x	900	875	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x	x	x	925	880	40
48. Precision production	x	x	x	355	330	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	585	305	280
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	x	x	x	310	165	145
03. Natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	275	140	140
Health and related fields	x	x	x	5,020	930	4,090
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	x	x	x	520	235	285
51. Health professions and related programs	x	x	x	4,340	630	3,710
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	x	x	x	155	65	90
Personal, protective and transportation services	x	x	x	1,880	985	895
12. Personal and culinary services	x	x	x	905	270	640
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x	x	x	95	60	40
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x	x	x	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	x	x	x	670	490	185
49. Transportation and materials moving	x	x	x	180	145	30
Other	x	x	x	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	x	x	x	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	x	x	x	88,255	43,030	45,225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	29,440	14,415	15,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	x	x	x	58,815	28,610	30,200
Location of study inside Canada	x	x	x	48,090	23,460	24,630
Same as province or territory of residence	x	x	x	39,530	19,060	20,465
Different than province or territory of residence	x	x	x	8,565	4,400	4,165
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	x	x	x	10,720	5,150	5,570
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	x	x	x	1,235	720	515
Philippines	x	x	x	455	160	300
India	x	x	x	895	395	500
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	x	x	x	1,350	745	605
China^{Census data footnote 162}	x	x	x	1,765	830	935
France	x	x	x	150	80	70
Other	x	x	x	4,870	2,215	2,650
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	x	x	x	60,220	29,335	30,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	13,115	6,635	6,480
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	x	x	x	47,110	22,705	24,400
Location of study inside Canada	x	x	x	38,910	18,915	19,995
Same as province or territory of residence	x	x	x	31,975	15,330	16,645
Different than province or territory of residence	x	x	x	6,935	3,585	3,350
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	x	x	x	8,195	3,790	4,405
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	x	x	x	945	510	445
Philippines	x	x	x	410	145	270
India	x	x	x	695	305	385
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	x	x	x	755	405	345
China^{Census data footnote 162}	x	x	x	1,370	640	725
France	x	x	x	145	80	70
Other	x	x	x	3,870	1,700	2,170
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	x	x	x	88,260	43,030	45,225
In the labour force	x	x	x	62,105	32,205	29,900
Employed	x	x	x	58,220	30,140	28,075
Unemployed	x	x	x	3,885	2,060	1,820
Not in the labour force	x	x	x	26,150	10,825	15,330
Participation rate	x	x	x	70.4	74.8	66.1
Employment rate	x	x	x	66.0	70.0	62.1
Unemployment rate	x	x	x	6.3	6.4	6.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	x	x	x	88,255	43,025	45,230
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	x	x	x	24,120	9,970	14,150
Worked	x	x	x	64,135	33,055	31,080
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	x	x	x	37,115	20,815	16,295
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	x	x	x	27,020	12,240	14,780
Average weeks worked in reference year	x	x	x	43.9	44.7	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	x	x	x	62,100	32,205	29,900
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	1,220	630	595
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	60,885	31,575	29,305
Employee	x	x	x	54,700	28,085	26,620
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	x	x	x	6,180	3,490	2,685
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	x	x	x	62,100	32,200	29,900
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	1,220	625	595
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	60,880	31,575	29,305
0 Management occupations	x	x	x	8,110	5,130	2,985
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	x	x	x	10,235	3,155	7,080
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	x	x	x	11,230	8,500	2,735
3 Health occupations	x	x	x	3,480	680	2,790
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	x	x	x	8,375	2,690	5,690
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	x	x	x	1,965	815	1,150
6 Sales and service occupations	x	x	x	11,600	5,460	6,140
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	x	x	x	4,515	4,180	335
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	x	x	x	605	490	115
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	x	x	x	765	475	285
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	x	x	x	62,105	32,205	29,900
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	1,225	630	595
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	60,880	31,580	29,305
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	x	x	x	380	255	125
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	x	x	x	60	45	15
22 Utilities	x	x	x	225	190	35
23 Construction	x	x	x	3,105	2,685	420
31-33 Manufacturing	x	x	x	3,190	2,225	970
41 Wholesale trade	x	x	x	2,130	1,560	570
44-45 Retail trade	x	x	x	6,185	3,050	3,130
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	x	x	x	1,415	1,010	410
51 Information and cultural industries	x	x	x	2,120	1,460	660
52 Finance and insurance	x	x	x	1,925	770	1,155
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	x	x	x	1,005	470	540
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	x	x	x	8,830	5,730	3,095
55 Management of companies and enterprises	x	x	x	40	20	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	x	x	x	2,140	1,220	920
61 Educational services	x	x	x	4,720	1,320	3,405
62 Health care and social assistance	x	x	x	6,055	1,145	4,910
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	x	x	x	1,185	585	600
72 Accommodation and food services	x	x	x	3,270	1,465	1,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	x	x	x	2,035	800	1,230
91 Public administration	x	x	x	10,860	5,575	5,285
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	x	x	x	58,225	30,145	28,080
Worked at home	x	x	x	4,815	2,285	2,525
Worked outside Canada	x	x	x	250	170	85
No fixed workplace address	x	x	x	4,665	3,300	1,365
Worked at usual place	x	x	x	48,490	24,395	24,095
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	x	x	x	48,490	24,395	24,100
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	x	x	x	44,915	22,495	22,420
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	x	x	x	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	x	x	x	1,770	950	820
Commute to a different province or territory	x	x	x	1,805	945	860
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	x	x	x	53,155	27,690	25,465
Car, truck, van - as a driver	x	x	x	39,860	21,850	18,010
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	x	x	x	3,330	985	2,345
Public transit	x	x	x	7,540	3,450	4,090
Walked	x	x	x	1,525	785	735
Bicycle	x	x	x	450	390	60
Other method	x	x	x	460	230	225
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	x	x	x	53,155	27,690	25,470
Less than 15 minutes	x	x	x	12,375	6,445	5,930
15 to 29 minutes	x	x	x	16,405	8,670	7,735
30 to 44 minutes	x	x	x	12,215	6,380	5,840
45 to 59 minutes	x	x	x	7,015	3,665	3,345
60 minutes and over	x	x	x	5,150	2,530	2,620
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	x	x	x	53,155	27,690	25,465
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	x	x	x	2,505	1,715	790
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	x	x	x	10,500	5,790	4,700
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	x	x	x	15,740	7,630	8,110
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	x	x	x	12,125	6,260	5,865
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	x	x	x	6,165	3,245	2,925
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	x	x	x	6,125	3,050	3,080
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	x	x	x	65,485	33,685	31,800
Single responses	x	x	x	63,670	32,940	30,730
Official languages	x	x	x	63,390	32,825	30,570
English	x	x	x	62,150	32,465	29,690
French	x	x	x	1,240	360	880
Non-official languages	x	x	x	280	120	165
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	280	115	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	20	15	0
Berber languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	15	15	10
Amharic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Arabic	x	x	x	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	0	0	0
Maltese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	15	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ilocano	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kannada	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malayalam	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tamil	x	x	x	0	0	0
Telugu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	85	20	65
Albanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Armenian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	65	20	45
Baltic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Latvian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lithuanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages	x	x	x	60	20	45
Belarusan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	15	0	0
Bulgarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Croatian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Czech	x	x	x	0	0	0
Macedonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polish	x	x	x	10	0	0
Russian	x	x	x	40	0	30
Serbian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slovak	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ukrainian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	10	0	0
Afrikaans	x	x	x	0	0	0
Danish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dutch	x	x	x	0	0	0
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	10	0	10
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swedish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bengali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gujarati	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hindi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Marathi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nepali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sindhi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Urdu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iranian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kurdish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pashto	x	x	x	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	20	0	20
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Portuguese	x	x	x	10	0	10
Romanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Spanish	x	x	x	15	0	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	0	0	0
Igbo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lingala	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shona	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swahili	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
American Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	145	70	80
Chinese languages	x	x	x	150	70	75
Cantonese	x	x	x	20	10	10
Hakka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mandarin	x	x	x	130	60	70
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	10	10	10
Lao	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thai	x	x	x	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Estonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Finnish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hungarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Multiple responses	x	x	x	1,815	745	1,065
English and French	x	x	x	1,430	585	850
English and non-official language	x	x	x	340	145	200
French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	35	20	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	x	x	x	65,480	33,685	31,800
None	x	x	x	56,075	29,590	26,485
English	x	x	x	960	290	670
French	x	x	x	7,405	3,270	4,140
Non-official language	x	x	x	970	515	455
Aboriginal	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	x	x	x	975	515	455
English and French	x	x	x	0	0	10
English and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	10
French and non-official language	x	x	x	60	20	35
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	x	x	x	108,775	53,505	55,265
Non-movers	x	x	x	97,285	47,905	49,380
Movers	x	x	x	11,485	5,605	5,885
Non-migrants	x	x	x	8,020	3,980	4,040
Migrants	x	x	x	3,470	1,625	1,845
Internal migrants	x	x	x	2,445	1,170	1,275
Intraprovincial migrants	x	x	x	1,405	650	750
Interprovincial migrants	x	x	x	1,045	520	525
External migrants	x	x	x	1,025	455	570
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	x	x	x	103,565	50,995	52,565
Non-movers	x	x	x	68,040	33,505	34,535
Movers	x	x	x	35,525	17,490	18,035
Non-migrants	x	x	x	24,740	12,245	12,495
Migrants	x	x	x	10,785	5,250	5,540
Internal migrants	x	x	x	7,375	3,625	3,750
Intraprovincial migrants	x	x	x	4,300	2,075	2,225
Interprovincial migrants	x	x	x	3,075	1,550	1,530
External migrants	x	x	x	3,410	1,625	1,790

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Min-A-He-Quo-Sis 116C, IRI [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kanata--Carleton [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 27, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Min-A-He-Quo-Sis 116C, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kanata--Carleton [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Min-A-He-Quo-Sis 116C, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kanata--Carleton [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Min-A-He-Quo-Sis 116C, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan and Kanata--Carleton [Federal electoral district], Ontario