Census Profile, 2016 Census
Exshaw, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta and Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Exshaw, UNP Alberta [Designated place]			Vaughan--Woodbridge Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Exshaw, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta Map : Exshaw, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	412	...	...	105,228	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	362	...	...	105,450	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	13.8	...	...	-0.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	178	...	...	33,045	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	164	...	...	32,403	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	260.3	...	...	1,318.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1.58	...	...	79.84	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	410	220	190	105,225	51,490	53,740
0 to 14 years	90	50	35	18,340	9,430	8,910
0 to 4 years	30	25	5	4,635	2,365	2,270
5 to 9 years	35	15	20	6,300	3,295	2,995
10 to 14 years	25	15	10	7,410	3,765	3,645
15 to 64 years	285	150	130	69,485	33,760	35,730
15 to 19 years	20	10	10	7,335	3,725	3,610
20 to 24 years	15	10	5	6,880	3,595	3,290
25 to 29 years	10	5	5	5,740	2,875	2,865
30 to 34 years	35	15	20	5,320	2,585	2,735
35 to 39 years	40	25	20	5,980	2,730	3,250
40 to 44 years	45	25	20	7,990	3,760	4,230
45 to 49 years	30	15	15	9,095	4,395	4,700
50 to 54 years	30	15	15	8,515	4,170	4,345
55 to 59 years	40	20	20	7,065	3,380	3,685
60 to 64 years	20	15	10	5,565	2,540	3,020
65 years and over	35	20	15	17,400	8,305	9,095
65 to 69 years	10	5	5	5,605	2,625	2,985
70 to 74 years	5	0	5	3,940	1,945	1,995
75 to 79 years	5	0	5	3,550	1,755	1,790
80 to 84 years	10	5	0	2,370	1,180	1,190
85 years and over	5	0	0	1,930	795	1,140
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	1,270	560	710
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	530	190	335
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	110	35	80
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.0	22.7	18.4	17.4	18.3	16.6
15 to 64 years	69.5	68.2	68.4	66.0	65.6	66.5
65 years and over	8.5	9.1	7.9	16.5	16.1	16.9
85 years and over	1.2	0.0	0.0	1.8	1.5	2.1
Average age of the population	37.6	36.6	38.7	40.6	39.8	41.3
Median age of the population	39.4	38.9	39.7	42.0	41.2	42.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	165	...	...	32,405	...	...
Single-detached house	135	...	...	22,950	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,805	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	25	...	...	7,645	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	3,265	...	...
Row house	15	...	...	2,635	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	1,100	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	640	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	160	...	...	32,405	...	...
1 person	30	...	...	3,900	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	8,205	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	6,110	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	8,360	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	5,830	...	...
Number of persons in private households	410	...	...	104,575	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	3.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	320	170	150	86,885	42,060	44,825
Married or living common law	225	115	110	53,425	26,650	26,775
Married	180	90	90	51,150	25,515	25,635
Living common law	40	25	20	2,270	1,135	1,140
Not married and not living common law	95	55	40	33,465	15,415	18,050
Never married	65	45	20	24,105	12,750	11,355
Separated	10	0	5	1,685	660	1,025
Divorced	15	10	5	2,935	1,090	1,845
Widowed	5	0	5	4,735	910	3,825
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	120	...	...	30,200	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	10,720	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	6,980	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	8,905	...	...
5 or more persons	10	...	...	3,590	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	125	...	...	30,200	...	...
Total couple families	110	...	...	26,175	...	...
Married couples	90	...	...	25,035	...	...
Common-law couples	25	...	...	1,135	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	10	...	...	4,030	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	3,220	...	...
Male parent	0	...	...	815	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	115	...	...	26,170	...	...
Couples without children	55	...	...	8,510	...	...
Couples with children	55	...	...	17,665	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	5,635	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	8,535	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	3,490	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	4,030	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	2,215	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,345	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	50	35	15	7,905	3,025	4,880
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	165	...	...	32,405	...	...
One-census-family households	125	...	...	26,180	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	55	...	...	6,960	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	70	...	...	19,225	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	1,950	...	...
Non-census-family households	40	...	...	4,275	...	...
One-person households	30	...	...	3,895	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	10	...	...	380	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	410	220	190	104,740	51,340	53,405
English only	355	190	165	94,990	47,685	47,300
French only	0	0	0	50	20	30
English and French	50	30	20	5,170	1,935	3,230
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	4,535	1,695	2,840
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	410	220	190	104,740	51,340	53,400
English	385	210	180	99,095	49,120	49,975
French	20	10	10	535	250	290
English and French	0	0	0	615	305	315
Neither English nor French	0	5	0	4,495	1,670	2,830
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	25	10	10	845	400	445
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	6.1	4.5	5.3	0.8	0.8	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	410	220	190	104,745	51,340	53,405
Single responses	405	215	190	100,250	49,185	51,065
Official languages	375	200	175	48,595	24,735	23,860
English	350	190	160	48,155	24,525	23,630
French	20	15	5	445	210	230
Non-official languages	35	15	15	51,650	24,450	27,205
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	20	20	51,650	24,445	27,200
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,745	1,365	1,380
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	45	20	20
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	2,695	1,340	1,360
Amharic	0	0	0	30	10	15
Arabic	0	0	0	1,175	595	575
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	905	435	465
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	345	170	175
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	20	20
Maltese	0	0	0	120	60	60
Tigrigna	0	0	0	30	10	15
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	60	30	25
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,050	915	1,135
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	95	45	45
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,955	870	1,085
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	1,025	380	645
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	30	10	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	910	325	580
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,185	590	595
Kannada	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tamil	0	0	0	1,005	495	505
Telugu	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	10	10	40,490	19,220	21,275
Albanian	0	0	0	400	190	205
Armenian	0	0	0	155	70	80
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	3,365	1,565	1,805
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slavic languages	5	5	5	3,335	1,550	1,780
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	115	50	60
Croatian	0	0	0	365	180	185
Czech	0	0	0	30	10	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	170	75	95
Polish	0	0	5	610	275	335
Russian	0	0	0	1,480	710	765
Serbian	0	0	0	160	80	75
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovak	0	0	0	30	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	100	40	60
Ukrainian	0	0	0	210	85	125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	280	130	150
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	55	25	30
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	5	5	5	200	95	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	590	265	325
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	6,300	3,105	3,200
Indo-Aryan languages	0	5	0	4,805	2,355	2,450
Bengali	0	0	0	120	60	60
Gujarati	0	0	0	635	300	340
Hindi	0	0	0	530	275	260
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,670	1,315	1,355
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	20	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Urdu	0	0	0	720	350	370
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,480	740	735
Kurdish	0	0	0	120	65	55
Pashto	0	0	0	50	20	30
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,305	660	645
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	29,390	13,880	15,510
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	23,755	11,250	12,500
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,885	880	1,000
Romanian	0	0	0	780	365	415
Spanish	0	0	0	2,960	1,375	1,585
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Japanese	5	0	5	40	10	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Korean	0	0	0	460	225	235
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	180	90	90
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	5
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	5	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,710	1,280	1,435
Chinese languages	0	0	0	2,690	1,265	1,420
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,140	525	610
Hakka	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,275	610	665
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	25	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Lao	0	0	0	65	35	35
Thai	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	405	210	195
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Turkish	0	0	0	370	190	185
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	225	110	115
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	210	100	115
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	5	0	5	4,495	2,155	2,340
English and French	0	5	0	125	60	65
English and non-official language	5	5	0	4,175	2,020	2,155
French and non-official language	0	0	0	100	40	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	95	35	60
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	410	220	190	104,740	51,335	53,405
Single responses	405	220	185	94,455	46,365	48,085
Official languages	390	215	180	70,670	35,260	35,405
English	375	200	175	70,500	35,185	35,320
French	20	15	5	165	75	90
Non-official languages	10	5	5	23,790	11,105	12,680
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	23,790	11,105	12,685
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,450	710	745
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,425	695	730
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	570	285	285
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	565	265	300
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	190	100	95
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,335	590	745
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	1,285	565	715
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	0	380	170	215
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	5	335	140	195
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	815	385	430
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	70	35	35
Tamil	0	0	0	730	345	385
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	17,220	8,005	9,220
Albanian	0	0	0	180	90	85
Armenian	0	0	0	95	40	55
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,840	885	955
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slavic languages	5	0	0	1,830	880	950
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	25	35
Croatian	0	0	0	140	70	75
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	75	40	40
Polish	0	0	0	285	145	140
Russian	0	0	0	1,035	505	530
Serbian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	80	35	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	150	65	80
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	3,660	1,770	1,885
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,765	1,330	1,430
Bengali	0	0	0	55	30	30
Gujarati	0	0	0	360	160	200
Hindi	0	0	0	270	135	130
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,615	795	820
Sindhi	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	410	200	215
Iranian languages	0	0	0	885	430	450
Kurdish	0	0	0	70	40	35
Pashto	0	0	0	35	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	780	380	400
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	11,260	5,135	6,130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	8,745	3,920	4,825
Portuguese	0	0	0	665	330	335
Romanian	0	0	0	410	190	220
Spanish	0	0	0	1,440	690	750
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	15	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	285	140	145
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	20	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,845	875	970
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,830	865	960
Cantonese	0	0	0	700	315	385
Hakka	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	990	480	510
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	80	40	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Lao	0	0	0	35	20	20
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	250	120	130
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Turkish	0	0	0	245	120	120
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Uralic languages	0	0	0	80	35	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	5	10,285	4,975	5,315
English and French	0	0	0	110	50	60
English and non-official language	5	5	5	10,025	4,870	5,155
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	120	40	75
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	410	220	190	104,745	51,335	53,405
None	375	200	175	75,890	37,525	38,365
English	15	10	10	9,400	4,605	4,800
French	10	10	0	450	190	260
Non-official language	5	5	0	18,645	8,865	9,785
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5	5	0	18,645	8,865	9,780
English and French	0	0	0	50	25	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	135	70	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	175	65	105
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	320	165	150	86,245	41,855	44,390
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	310	160	150	82,295	39,925	42,370
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,744	61,440	35,840	35,823	42,781	30,145
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	310	160	145	82,315	39,930	42,385
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,832	52,352	32,960	32,499	38,134	27,851
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	305	160	145	75,165	37,245	37,915
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,632	59,456	32,576	34,879	41,919	29,164
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	165	60	100	58,145	25,495	32,650
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,416	1,836	3,560	2,940	1,433	3,871
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	275	150	130	62,040	31,515	30,525
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,624	52,096	35,968	40,013	46,874	34,845
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	345	175	170	86,255	41,860	44,395
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	325	160	165	82,315	40,025	42,290
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,501	64,033	42,973	50,797	59,934	42,150
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	325	160	160	82,335	40,030	42,305
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,759	52,496	37,023	41,211	47,484	35,275
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	315	165	155	75,030	37,300	37,740
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,112	61,504	42,168	50,135	59,313	41,063
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	165	70	100	57,975	25,485	32,490
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,485	5,898	5,193	7,240	7,319	7,178
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	285	145	140	62,045	31,555	30,490
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,885	60,894	42,518	52,253	60,521	43,696
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	345	180	170	86,255	41,855	44,395
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	135	80	55	32,110	17,975	14,130
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	66,962	76,413	48,164	59,789	65,920	53,057
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	70,774	83,201	54,018	73,017	81,032	62,822
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	94.2	97.1	89.7	90.1	92.5	86.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	84.0	84.6	83.0	77.6	80.5	73.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	5.7	3.3	9.7	9.9	7.5	13.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	320	170	155	86,245	41,855	44,390
Without total income	10	10	5	3,950	1,930	2,020
With total income	310	160	150	82,300	39,925	42,370
Percentage with total income	96.9	94.1	96.8	95.4	95.4	95.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	30	5	20	11,610	4,955	6,655
$10,000 to $19,999	30	5	20	13,545	5,250	8,295
$20,000 to $29,999	30	10	20	10,975	4,800	6,170
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	25	8,405	3,955	4,450
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	20	7,525	3,500	4,030
$50,000 to $59,999	30	15	15	6,280	3,045	3,235
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	10	5,050	2,700	2,350
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	4,080	2,330	1,745
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	0	3,255	1,955	1,305
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	5	3,110	1,650	1,460
$100,000 and over	25	20	5	8,475	5,790	2,685
$100,000 to $149,999	20	15	5	5,555	3,615	1,940
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	2,915	2,170	740
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	320	165	150	86,245	41,855	44,390
Without after-tax income	5	10	5	3,930	1,925	2,005
With after-tax income	310	160	145	82,315	39,930	42,385
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.0	96.7	95.4	95.4	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	25	5	20	11,875	5,040	6,835
$10,000 to $19,999	25	10	20	14,160	5,540	8,620
$20,000 to $29,999	40	15	20	12,515	5,490	7,025
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	30	10,145	4,780	5,360
$40,000 to $49,999	45	25	20	8,875	4,295	4,580
$50,000 to $59,999	40	25	15	6,905	3,685	3,220
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	10	5,175	3,075	2,100
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	10	4,300	2,415	1,880
$80,000 and over	25	20	0	8,370	5,600	2,765
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	2,765	1,585	1,180
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	1,590	1,095	500
$100,000 and over	10	10	0	4,015	2,920	1,090
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	315	170	150	86,245	41,855	44,390
Without employment income	40	20	20	24,210	10,340	13,870
With employment income	280	155	125	62,040	31,515	30,520
Percentage with employment income	88.9	91.2	83.3	71.9	75.3	68.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	20	10	10	6,360	3,020	3,340
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	10	4,605	2,090	2,510
$10,000 to $19,999	25	10	15	7,895	3,585	4,310
$20,000 to $29,999	25	10	15	6,195	2,735	3,465
$30,000 to $39,999	30	20	15	5,945	2,550	3,395
$40,000 to $49,999	30	20	15	5,710	2,530	3,180
$50,000 to $59,999	25	10	15	5,095	2,540	2,560
$60,000 to $69,999	20	10	10	4,110	2,245	1,870
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	10	3,430	1,985	1,440
$80,000 and over	45	40	5	12,685	8,230	4,455
$80,000 to $89,999	15	15	0	2,935	1,785	1,155
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	2,885	1,495	1,380
$100,000 and over	25	20	5	6,870	4,945	1,920
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	165	...	...	32,405	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,720	...	...	106,699	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,128	...	...	91,884	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	35	...	...	3,895	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,184	...	...	40,950	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,048	...	...	36,224	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	130	...	...	28,505	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,400	...	...	116,594	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,723	...	...	100,072	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	170	...	...	32,400	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	101,296	...	...	129,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	84,743	...	...	104,714	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	3,910	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	61,102	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	48,990	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	140	...	...	28,495	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	108,796	...	...	138,369	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,443	...	...	112,365	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	165	...	...	32,400	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	190	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	120	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	205	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	0	...	...	385	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	765	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	685	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	855	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	0	...	...	975	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	0	...	...	985	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	955	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	1,855	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	1,845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	1,765	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	1,785	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	1,710	...	...
$100,000 and over	70	...	...	17,320	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	4,065	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	3,560	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	15	...	...	4,855	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	4,840	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	165	...	...	32,405	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	235	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	125	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	215	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	410	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	845	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	725	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	0	...	...	950	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	5	...	...	1,145	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	1,120	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	1,165	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15	...	...	2,310	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	2,230	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	2,235	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	2,105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	2,090	...	...
$100,000 and over	50	...	...	14,495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	4,795	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	3,605	...	...
$150,000 and over	10	...	...	6,100	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	130	...	...	28,395	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,144	...	...	115,353	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,637	...	...	98,951	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	6,680	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,144	...	...	75,503	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,792	...	...	67,033	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	55	...	...	17,710	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,832	...	...	137,140	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,816	...	...	115,923	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	3,265	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	75,742	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	67,343	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	140	...	...	28,390	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,413	...	...	137,432	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,973	...	...	111,537	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	6,740	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,457	...	...	103,469	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,099	...	...	82,853	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	17,585	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,341	...	...	159,286	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,830	...	...	128,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	3,360	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	92,421	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	78,571	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	45	30	15	5,145	2,175	2,970
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	55,680	63,872	0	36,444	43,861	31,472
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	48,256	52,608	0	33,018	38,443	29,328
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	40	25	0	5,145	2,190	2,955
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	74,042	94,234	0	54,405	62,174	48,634
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	59,163	73,120	0	44,075	49,189	40,277
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	410	220	190	104,575	51,275	53,300
In the bottom half of the distribution	155	75	80	36,135	17,160	18,970
In the bottom decile	25	10	15	4,270	2,105	2,165
In the second decile	30	15	10	6,440	2,890	3,550
In the third decile	10	5	5	7,800	3,700	4,100
In the fourth decile	25	10	15	8,345	3,990	4,350
In the fifth decile	65	35	35	9,285	4,480	4,805
In the top half of the distribution	260	145	110	68,440	34,115	34,325
In the sixth decile	40	20	20	10,350	5,040	5,305
In the seventh decile	60	40	25	11,995	5,930	6,060
In the eighth decile	70	40	30	13,635	6,810	6,825
In the ninth decile	60	30	25	16,110	8,070	8,040
In the top decile	30	20	10	16,355	8,260	8,095
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	410	220	190	104,575	51,275	53,300
0 to 17 years	95	55	45	22,630	11,590	11,040
0 to 5 years	35	25	5	5,760	2,940	2,825
18 to 64 years	275	150	125	65,115	31,560	33,560
65 years and over	35	20	15	16,825	8,125	8,700
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	30	10	15	7,125	3,365	3,760
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	2,075	1,090	985
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	510	280	225
18 to 64 years	15	5	5	3,960	1,870	2,090
65 years and over	0	0	5	1,090	405	680
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.3	4.5	7.9	6.8	6.6	7.1
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	9.1	11.1	9.2	9.4	8.9
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	20.0	100.0	8.9	9.5	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.5	3.3	4.0	6.1	5.9	6.2
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	33.3	6.5	5.0	7.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5	5	0	5,350	2,590	2,760
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	1,565	820	745
0 to 5 years	0	5	0	370	210	160
18 to 64 years	5	5	5	3,200	1,555	1,640
65 years and over	0	0	0	585	210	375
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	1.2	2.3	0.0	5.1	5.1	5.2
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	0.0	0.0	6.9	7.1	6.7
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	20.0	0.0	6.4	7.1	5.7
18 to 64 years (%)	1.8	3.3	4.0	4.9	4.9	4.9
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.5	2.6	4.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	415	225	190	104,580	51,275	53,300
Official languages	420	225	190	100,105	49,565	50,535
English	410	220	190	100,075	49,555	50,520
French	55	25	25	5,180	1,920	3,255
Non-official languages	50	30	20	66,655	31,590	35,065
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	50	30	20	66,640	31,580	35,065
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	3,385	1,750	1,635
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	65	30	35
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	3,305	1,720	1,585
Amharic	0	0	0	40	25	20
Arabic	0	0	0	1,955	1,025	935
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	1,070	525	540
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	450	260	190
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	140	70	75
Maltese	0	0	0	180	100	80
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	25	30
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	2,830	1,280	1,550
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	110	55	55
Vietnamese	0	0	0	2,720	1,225	1,495
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,275	445	830
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	45	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	55	20	30
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,165	400	765
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	20	15	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	70	25	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	10	30
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,470	660	810
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	155	70	85
Tamil	0	0	0	1,260	560	705
Telugu	0	0	0	50	20	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	10	53,785	25,700	28,080
Albanian	0	0	0	440	215	230
Armenian	0	0	0	240	120	115
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	3,840	1,800	2,040
Baltic languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slavic languages	15	10	0	3,810	1,790	2,015
Belarusan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	170	65	100
Croatian	0	0	10	410	200	215
Czech	0	0	0	35	0	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	225	105	125
Polish	10	0	0	755	335	420
Russian	0	0	0	1,795	870	925
Serbian	0	0	0	225	110	115
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovak	0	0	0	65	25	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	115	70	45
Ukrainian	0	0	0	320	140	175
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	10	495	245	250
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	0	10
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dutch	10	0	10	80	40	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	380	185	190
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	1,010	480	525
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	8,510	4,315	4,195
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	6,740	3,395	3,340
Bengali	0	0	0	140	70	70
Gujarati	0	0	0	805	355	450
Hindi	0	0	0	2,440	1,205	1,240
Kashmiri	0	0	0	15	10	0
Konkani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	25	0	20
Nepali	0	0	0	25	15	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	4,070	2,090	1,980
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	10	20
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	70	45	30
Urdu	0	0	0	1,035	540	495
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,885	980	910
Kurdish	0	0	0	150	100	50
Pashto	0	0	0	15	15	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	1,735	875	860
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	20	25
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	10	39,805	18,780	21,025
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	33,385	15,730	17,655
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,335	1,130	1,205
Romanian	0	0	0	845	370	470
Spanish	0	0	0	4,440	2,080	2,360
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	10	15
Japanese	15	10	0	70	15	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	585	270	315
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	390	170	220
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	200	95	105
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	70	20	50
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	45	20	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	20	15	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	15	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	35	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	3,070	1,440	1,635
Chinese languages	0	0	0	3,065	1,440	1,625
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,445	645	805
Hakka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,675	800	875
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	270	120	150
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	20	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	110	55	65
Lao	0	0	0	70	25	45
Thai	0	0	0	45	25	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	575	290	295
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	530	260	270
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	45	20	25
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	235	100	135
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	225	95	125
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	415	225	190	104,580	51,280	53,305
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	405	210	190	98,290	48,510	49,785
Canadian citizens aged under 18	80	55	25	22,015	11,310	10,700
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	325	165	165	76,280	37,195	39,080
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	15	10	0	6,290	2,770	3,515
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	415	225	195	104,580	51,280	53,300
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	370	195	175	59,460	29,860	29,600
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	45	25	20	44,430	21,135	23,295
Before 1981	25	10	10	21,135	10,185	10,950
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	5,630	2,760	2,870
1991 to 2000	15	10	10	8,750	4,100	4,645
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	6,690	3,110	3,580
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	3,860	1,835	2,020
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	2,835	1,270	1,560
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	0	2,225	980	1,245
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	0	695	285	410
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	45	25	20	44,430	21,135	23,295
Under 5 years	10	10	0	4,170	1,935	2,230
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	8,210	3,790	4,420
15 to 24 years	15	15	0	14,715	6,920	7,795
25 to 44 years	20	10	20	14,470	7,295	7,175
45 years and over	0	0	0	2,860	1,190	1,665
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	45	25	20	44,430	21,140	23,295
Americas	0	0	0	4,775	2,205	2,570
Brazil	0	0	0	220	120	95
Colombia	0	0	0	305	140	165
El Salvador	0	0	0	275	130	140
Guyana	0	0	0	680	300	380
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	660	270	390
Mexico	0	0	0	130	55	70
Peru	0	0	0	150	65	90
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	240	135	105
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	385	165	220
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	1,735	820	910
Europe	35	25	20	23,365	11,205	12,160
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	115	65	45
Croatia	0	0	0	230	105	125
France	0	0	0	110	70	45
Germany	0	0	0	175	80	100
Greece	0	0	0	350	180	175
Hungary	0	0	0	90	35	55
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Italy	10	0	0	17,005	8,190	8,810
Netherlands	0	10	0	25	10	15
Poland	0	10	0	500	210	295
Portugal	0	0	0	1,115	555	565
Romania	0	0	0	745	325	420
Russian Federation	0	0	0	550	240	310
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	105	55	50
Ukraine	0	0	0	405	200	205
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	495	275	220
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	1,310	600	710
Africa	0	0	0	1,050	460	590
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	180	100	75
Ethiopia	0	0	0	40	30	15
Kenya	0	0	0	65	25	40
Morocco	0	0	0	30	10	20
Nigeria	0	0	0	155	50	105
Somalia	0	0	0	65	15	50
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	65	35	30
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	430	180	250
Asia	10	0	10	15,160	7,235	7,920
Afghanistan	0	0	0	640	335	305
Bangladesh	0	0	0	65	35	35
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	1,215	550	670
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	160	85	75
India	10	10	0	3,640	1,755	1,885
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	625	315	310
Iraq	0	0	0	1,460	750	710
Japan	10	0	10	40	15	30
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	395	170	225
Lebanon	0	0	0	200	105	90
Pakistan	0	0	0	600	300	300
Philippines	0	0	0	1,200	465	735
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	950	460	495
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	135	60	70
Taiwan	0	0	0	55	25	30
Viet Nam	0	0	0	2,210	1,000	1,215
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	1,565	810	755
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	80	25	55
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	0	2,225	985	1,245
Americas	0	0	0	335	115	220
Brazil	0	0	0	50	25	25
Colombia	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	0	20
Mexico	0	0	0	20	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	55	30	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	125	30	95
Europe	10	10	0	350	160	195
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	50	10	45
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	0	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	65	40	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	155	80	75
Africa	0	0	0	55	35	20
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	20	0
Asia	0	0	0	1,485	675	810
Afghanistan	0	0	0	40	25	20
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	190	80	110
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	10	0	315	165	150
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	105	50	55
Iraq	0	0	0	190	90	100
Israel	0	0	0	20	20	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	25	45
Philippines	0	0	0	205	55	145
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	40	10	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	60	25	30
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	25	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	95	40	55
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	50	30	15
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	420	225	190	104,580	51,280	53,305
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	50	30	20	45,425	21,595	23,830
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	60	30	30	40,285	20,170	20,115
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	315	165	145	18,870	9,515	9,355
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	20	10	10	23,980	11,315	12,665
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	15	10	10	9,455	4,690	4,760
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	10	0	10	3,805	2,490	1,315
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	0	0	5,645	2,200	3,450
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	10	0	9,070	3,660	5,410
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	5,155	2,810	2,350
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	300	150	145
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	415	220	190	104,580	51,280	53,300
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	20	0	15	240	130	110
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	20	0	15	220	120	100
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	120	60	60
Métis	10	0	10	85	55	35
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	25	15	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	395	220	175	104,340	51,150	53,195
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	415	225	190	104,580	51,280	53,300
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	15	10	10	100	60	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	400	220	180	104,480	51,220	53,265
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	415	225	195	104,580	51,275	53,300
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	10	45	35	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	45	35	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	40	30	0
Métis single ancestry	10	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	20	10	10	295	155	150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	15	0	10	290	150	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	205	100	100
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	90	50	40
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	390	215	175	104,240	51,090	53,145
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	415	225	195	104,580	51,280	53,305
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	10	10	30,255	14,765	15,490
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	10	0	9,820	4,930	4,890
Chinese	0	0	0	3,200	1,540	1,660
Black	0	0	0	2,630	1,285	1,345
Filipino	0	0	0	1,740	710	1,030
Latin American	0	0	0	2,940	1,415	1,525
Arab	0	0	0	1,735	915	820
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	3,070	1,420	1,650
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	2,160	1,110	1,045
Korean	0	0	0	785	360	425
Japanese	10	0	0	75	25	50
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	880	420	455
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	1,220	635	590
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	410	220	185	74,330	36,515	37,815
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	415	225	190	104,580	51,280	53,300
North American Aboriginal origins	20	0	15	340	190	155
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	10	250	130	120
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	10	0	10	95	55	40
Other North American origins	100	55	45	7,020	3,550	3,475
Acadian	0	0	0	0	0	10
American	0	10	0	280	145	135
Canadian	90	50	45	6,820	3,455	3,365
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	380	210	175	72,765	35,700	37,065
British Isles origins	265	145	125	6,235	3,200	3,035
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	150	90	60	3,655	1,855	1,800
Irish	95	55	45	2,435	1,170	1,265
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	145	85	60	2,170	1,160	1,015
Welsh	30	20	10	165	90	70
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	30	20	10	460	225	240
French origins	75	30	45	1,500	675	820
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	75	30	45	1,500	680	820
Western European origins (except French origins)	110	60	50	2,430	1,180	1,255
Austrian	0	0	0	285	140	145
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belgian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Dutch	10	10	0	445	235	215
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	95	45	50	1,690	835	850
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	145	45	95
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	70	35	35	220	110	105
Danish	10	10	10	30	15	20
Finnish	15	10	10	15	10	10
Icelandic	20	15	10	25	20	10
Norwegian	30	15	15	55	35	20
Swedish	15	10	10	75	40	35
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Eastern European origins	65	40	30	5,920	2,800	3,120
Bulgarian	0	0	0	210	95	120
Byelorussian	0	0	0	175	105	75
Czech	0	0	0	180	75	110
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	20	0	25
Estonian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	510	250	255
Latvian	0	0	0	80	40	40
Lithuanian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	45	25	20
Polish	40	30	15	1,850	865	985
Romanian	10	10	0	980	470	515
Russian	0	0	0	1,600	820	780
Slovak	0	0	0	120	50	65
Ukrainian	45	15	25	1,215	590	625
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	0	20
Southern European origins	30	10	15	63,260	31,015	32,250
Albanian	0	0	0	520	270	250
Bosnian	0	0	0	50	15	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	10	860	445	415
Cypriot	0	0	0	135	65	65
Greek	0	0	0	2,145	1,080	1,070
Italian	20	10	10	55,960	27,475	28,480
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	350	180	165
Maltese	0	0	10	615	320	295
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	3,715	1,715	1,995
Serbian	0	0	0	260	115	140
Sicilian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Slovenian	10	10	0	370	200	165
Spanish	0	0	0	1,900	880	1,020
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	90	45	45
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	375	205	170
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	260	155	110
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	90	45	45
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	2,020	975	1,045
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	125	45	80
Dominican	0	0	0	180	95	90
Grenadian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Jamaican	0	0	0	1,160	565	600
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	185	115	65
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	270	100	165
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	100	50	45
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	3,755	1,790	1,960
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	75	35	40
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	255	130	120
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	240	115	120
Chilean	0	0	0	190	80	110
Colombian	0	0	0	465	245	220
Costa Rican	0	0	0	80	35	45
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	795	365	430
Guatemalan	0	0	0	105	35	70
Guyanese	0	0	0	490	210	280
Hispanic	0	0	0	55	25	30
Honduran	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	325	185	140
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	165	90	80
Salvadorean	0	0	0	350	160	195
Uruguayan	0	0	0	70	15	50
Venezuelan	0	0	0	95	35	55
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	185	100	85
African origins	0	0	0	1,975	1,015	955
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	615	260	355
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	340	160	180
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	80	35	50
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	150	45	105
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	15	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	10	10
North African origins	0	0	0	480	270	215
Algerian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Berber	0	0	0	40	15	25
Coptic	0	0	0	30	15	20
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	320	180	145
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	75	35	40
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	460	265	195
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Eritrean	0	0	0	85	50	35
Ethiopian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	130	80	55
South African	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	40	25	20
Other African origins	0	0	0	430	225	205
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	50	25	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	375	200	170
Asian origins	20	10	0	25,795	12,620	13,175
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	6,270	3,195	3,075
Afghan	0	0	0	1,000	505	495
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	320	150	170
Armenian	0	0	0	335	175	160
Assyrian	0	0	0	790	390	405
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	80	45	35
Georgian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	920	475	445
Iraqi	0	0	0	1,325	725	600
Israeli	0	0	0	95	50	50
Jordanian	0	0	0	105	35	70
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	150	90	65
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	430	255	175
Palestinian	0	0	0	125	55	70
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	20	20	0
Syrian	0	0	0	105	55	50
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	65	25	40
Turk	0	0	0	590	285	300
Turkmen	0	0	0	30	15	10
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	40	10	30
Yemeni	0	0	0	35	15	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	295	135	170
South Asian origins	10	0	0	10,085	5,070	5,020
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	35	25	15
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	7,280	3,705	3,575
Goan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	10	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	30	10	15
Pakistani	0	0	0	625	325	300
Punjabi	0	0	0	805	405	395
Sinhalese	0	0	0	60	30	25
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	1,040	470	570
Tamil	0	0	0	370	170	205
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	475	235	235
East and Southeast Asian origins	10	10	0	9,610	4,480	5,130
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	285	155	130
Chinese	0	0	0	4,335	2,125	2,210
Filipino	0	0	0	1,815	760	1,060
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Japanese	10	10	10	105	30	75
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	810	365	450
Laotian	0	0	0	90	55	40
Malaysian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Thai	0	0	0	35	25	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	3,070	1,430	1,640
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	70	25	45
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	70	25	45
Oceania origins	0	0	0	100	50	50
Australian	0	0	0	20	20	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	50	20	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	35	20	20
Fijian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	175	...	...	32,405	...	...
Owner	150	...	...	29,785	...	...
Renter	20	...	...	2,620	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	170	...	...	32,405	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	3,045	...	...
Not condominium	165	...	...	29,360	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	170	...	...	32,405	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	1,415	...	...
2 bedrooms	10	...	...	1,965	...	...
3 bedrooms	80	...	...	10,010	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	75	...	...	18,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	170	...	...	32,405	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	3,330	...	...
5 rooms	15	...	...	3,390	...	...
6 rooms	20	...	...	4,580	...	...
7 rooms	35	...	...	4,820	...	...
8 or more rooms	90	...	...	16,285	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	7.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	175	...	...	32,405	...	...
One person or fewer per room	170	...	...	31,810	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	170	...	...	32,400	...	...
Suitable	170	...	...	30,745	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	1,660	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	175	...	...	32,405	...	...
1960 or before	60	...	...	520	...	...
1961 to 1980	55	...	...	2,820	...	...
1981 to 1990	15	...	...	7,785	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	8,705	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	6,975	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	3,730	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	20	...	...	1,865	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	170	...	...	32,405	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	150	...	...	31,605	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	800	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	175	...	...	32,405	...	...
1 household maintainer	65	...	...	14,225	...	...
2 household maintainers	100	...	...	16,780	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	1,405	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	170	...	...	32,405	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	70	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	1,945	...	...
35 to 44 years	45	...	...	5,910	...	...
45 to 54 years	30	...	...	8,875	...	...
55 to 64 years	60	...	...	6,410	...	...
65 to 74 years	0	...	...	5,065	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	3,265	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	860	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	170	...	...	32,380	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	150	...	...	24,870	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	15	...	...	7,515	...	...
30% to less than 100%	15	...	...	6,700	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	155	...	...	29,780	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.7	...	...	54.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.9	...	...	21.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,157	...	...	1,510	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,347	...	...	1,724	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	480,376	...	...	801,251	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	470,944	...	...	865,653	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25	...	...	2,625	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	10.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	46.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,454	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,454	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	345	180	165	86,255	41,860	44,400
No certificate, diploma or degree	30	15	15	20,550	9,590	10,955
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	120	55	60	22,840	11,115	11,735
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	200	105	95	42,860	21,150	21,705
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	70	65	0	5,375	3,935	1,445
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	25	25	0	2,530	1,690	840
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	45	40	0	2,840	2,245	600
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	75	20	60	14,900	7,025	7,875
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	15	2,075	965	1,110
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	45	25	25	20,505	9,235	11,270
Bachelor's degree	30	15	15	14,795	6,535	8,260
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,755	720	1,035
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	425	220	200
Master's degree	10	0	10	3,170	1,555	1,610
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	365	200	165
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	270	135	140	55,245	26,515	28,730
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	0	6,210	3,085	3,125
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	90	40	55	13,850	6,610	7,240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	175	95	80	35,185	16,820	18,370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	60	60	0	3,485	2,500	985
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20	20	0	1,625	1,045	580
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	40	40	0	1,860	1,460	400
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	70	20	55	12,505	5,740	6,765
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,670	800	875
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	40	20	25	17,525	7,780	9,745
Bachelor's degree	30	20	15	12,445	5,435	7,005
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	1,545	620	925
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	370	190	180
Master's degree	0	0	0	2,855	1,375	1,475
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	320	165	150
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	345	180	165	86,255	41,860	44,395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	145	75	75	43,395	20,705	22,690
Education	10	0	0	2,955	565	2,390
13. Education	10	10	0	2,950	560	2,390
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	1,530	680	845
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	215	155	60
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	10	1,310	525	780
Humanities	0	0	0	2,495	750	1,745
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	490	110	380
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	525	105	420
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	790	265	520
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	125	40	80
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	65	35	30
54. History	0	10	0	350	175	175
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	160	15	145
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	10	6,105	1,845	4,260
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	60	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	415	120	290
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	1,015	80	935
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,375	355	1,015
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	10	15
42. Psychology	0	0	0	810	170	640
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,405	1,100	1,310
Business, management and public administration	45	0	40	10,670	4,805	5,865
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	10	425	95	330
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	0	35	10,235	4,710	5,525
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,800	790	1,010
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	615	210	405
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	575	290	290
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	25
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	520	265	245
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	65	20	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	10	1,820	1,190	630
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,465	1,000	465
25. Library science	0	0	0	30	10	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	280	145	135
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	40	35	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	65	65	10	9,225	8,415	805
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	510	415	90
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,800	2,250	550
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	1,610	1,510	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	25	20	0	2,230	2,210	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	0	1,395	1,380	15
48. Precision production	0	10	0	685	670	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	280	185	100
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	205	140	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	80	40	35
Health and related fields	30	0	20	3,430	820	2,610
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	420	230	190
51. Health professions and related programs	25	10	20	2,870	515	2,355
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	140	75	60
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	15	10	2,560	1,110	1,455
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	0	1,940	610	1,330
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	405	310	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	210	180	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	275	135	140	55,245	26,515	28,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	95	45	55	20,060	9,695	10,360
Education	0	0	0	2,490	450	2,040
13. Education	10	0	0	2,490	450	2,040
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	1,245	550	690
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	165	120	45
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,080	430	645
Humanities	0	10	0	2,070	585	1,485
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	425	80	340
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	405	75	330
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	665	220	445
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	100	35	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	55	30	25
54. History	10	0	0	275	130	145
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	145	10	140
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	10	5,010	1,495	3,520
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	0	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	325	100	220
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	10	725	35	690
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	1,235	295	940
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	10	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	670	135	535
45. Social sciences	0	10	0	1,990	915	1,075
Business, management and public administration	40	0	40	9,300	4,060	5,240
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	330	55	275
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	0	35	8,960	4,005	4,955
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,390	585	800
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	480	160	315
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	410	200	210
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	435	215	220
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	10	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	1,685	1,075	610
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	1,380	925	460
25. Library science	0	0	0	25	10	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	240	105	135
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	40	35	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	60	60	10	7,170	6,480	690
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	430	355	80
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,430	1,935	500
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	1,300	1,215	85
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	20	0	1,595	1,580	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	0	1,010	1,010	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	390	385	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	230	145	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	175	110	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	60	30	25
Health and related fields	30	10	20	2,760	635	2,125
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	10	0	285	165	120
51. Health professions and related programs	25	0	20	2,355	405	1,945
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	125	70	55
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	15	0	1,835	765	1,075
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,370	390	980
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	290	230	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	175	145	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	345	175	170	86,255	41,855	44,395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	150	70	75	43,395	20,705	22,690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	200	105	95	42,860	21,150	21,710
Location of study inside Canada	175	95	75	34,430	17,020	17,410
Same as province or territory of residence	125	70	50	33,610	16,570	17,040
Different than province or territory of residence	50	25	25	820	450	370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	10	15	8,430	4,130	4,295
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	785	385	400
Philippines	0	0	0	620	205	410
India	0	0	0	1,125	530	595
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	325	185	140
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	610	275	335
France	0	0	0	20	10	0
Other	20	10	10	4,945	2,530	2,410
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	270	135	140	55,245	26,515	28,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	100	40	55	20,060	9,695	10,365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	175	90	85	35,190	16,820	18,370
Location of study inside Canada	155	90	65	28,490	13,720	14,770
Same as province or territory of residence	115	65	50	27,770	13,320	14,445
Different than province or territory of residence	40	20	20	725	400	320
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	20	0	15	6,695	3,100	3,600
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	675	305	375
Philippines	0	0	0	545	185	355
India	0	0	0	945	415	530
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	230	125	100
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	545	250	300
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	15	0	10	3,745	1,810	1,930
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	345	175	165	86,255	41,860	44,395
In the labour force	275	130	145	57,640	29,800	27,835
Employed	260	125	135	54,590	28,245	26,345
Unemployed	15	10	0	3,050	1,560	1,490
Not in the labour force	70	45	25	28,615	12,055	16,560
Participation rate	79.7	74.3	87.9	66.8	71.2	62.7
Employment rate	75.4	71.4	81.8	63.3	67.5	59.3
Unemployment rate	5.5	7.7	0.0	5.3	5.2	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	345	175	165	86,255	41,855	44,395
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	60	40	25	27,510	11,405	16,105
Worked	285	140	150	58,745	30,455	28,290
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	135	75	55	33,155	18,710	14,445
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	145	60	90	25,590	11,745	13,845
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	44.7	40.9	43.9	44.6	43.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	275	130	140	57,640	29,800	27,835
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	965	430	530
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	275	135	145	56,675	29,370	27,305
Employee	240	120	120	49,545	24,160	25,385
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	30	10	25	7,130	5,210	1,925
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	275	130	140	57,635	29,800	27,840
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	965	430	530
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	275	130	140	56,675	29,370	27,310
0 Management occupations	40	10	25	7,660	4,800	2,860
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	40	10	40	10,790	3,120	7,665
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	10	10	3,910	3,015	895
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	1,950	425	1,525
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15	15	10	6,390	1,515	4,875
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,395	665	730
6 Sales and service occupations	40	20	25	13,640	6,260	7,375
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	95	80	10	8,080	7,750	335
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	375	350	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	0	0	2,490	1,470	1,025
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	275	130	140	57,640	29,805	27,840
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	960	435	530
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	275	135	140	56,675	29,370	27,310
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	0	0	70	40	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	90	60	30
22 Utilities	0	0	0	240	180	65
23 Construction	30	25	0	6,620	5,480	1,140
31-33 Manufacturing	35	20	20	6,410	4,065	2,345
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	2,985	1,775	1,210
44-45 Retail trade	25	10	10	7,280	3,435	3,840
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	0	10	2,660	1,910	745
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,220	655	565
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	10	3,825	1,550	2,270
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,485	885	595
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	10	4,575	2,530	2,050
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	150	65	85
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	10	10	2,070	1,060	1,010
61 Educational services	15	10	10	5,185	1,240	3,940
62 Health care and social assistance	30	10	20	3,530	555	2,980
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	10	925	460	465
72 Accommodation and food services	20	0	20	2,800	1,265	1,530
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	20	10	2,575	1,220	1,355
91 Public administration	20	10	10	1,990	930	1,060
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	265	125	135	54,590	28,245	26,350
Worked at home	10	0	10	2,945	1,515	1,425
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	240	165	80
No fixed workplace address	30	25	10	6,875	5,305	1,570
Worked at usual place	225	100	125	44,535	21,265	23,275
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	225	100	120	44,535	21,260	23,275
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	60	25	30	18,865	8,385	10,480
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	140	60	80	2,565	1,190	1,370
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	25	15	10	23,065	11,665	11,405
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	35	25	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	255	125	130	51,410	26,570	24,840
Car, truck, van - as a driver	215	110	100	42,600	23,210	19,390
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	15	10	15	3,485	1,280	2,205
Public transit	0	0	0	4,165	1,590	2,570
Walked	20	0	15	645	235	415
Bicycle	0	0	0	80	65	20
Other method	0	10	0	440	190	250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	255	125	125	51,410	26,565	24,845
Less than 15 minutes	70	30	40	8,965	3,780	5,185
15 to 29 minutes	115	55	60	16,905	8,965	7,935
30 to 44 minutes	30	15	15	12,960	7,055	5,910
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	5,655	3,130	2,520
60 minutes and over	35	25	15	6,925	3,635	3,290
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	255	125	130	51,410	26,565	24,845
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	35	20	15	3,215	2,655	560
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	50	35	15	8,415	5,765	2,650
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	85	35	50	14,640	6,990	7,655
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	60	30	35	11,505	4,705	6,790
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	0	15	6,785	2,875	3,915
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	10	10	6,860	3,580	3,280
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	285	140	145	60,685	31,285	29,405
Single responses	280	140	145	59,500	30,830	28,670
Official languages	285	140	145	58,865	30,510	28,350
English	285	140	145	58,735	30,490	28,245
French	0	0	0	125	25	105
Non-official languages	0	0	0	640	325	315
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	635	320	315
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	90	40	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	95	40	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	405	220	180
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	40	10	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	30	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	260	135	125
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	155	75	80
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	35	20
Romanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	55	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	80	35	40
Chinese languages	0	0	0	80	35	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	40	10	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,185	450	735
English and French	0	0	0	205	45	165
English and non-official language	0	0	0	960	405	555
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	285	140	145	60,685	31,285	29,400
None	280	135	145	56,160	28,890	27,270
English	0	0	0	420	185	235
French	0	0	10	505	215	285
Non-official language	0	0	0	3,530	1,960	1,565
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	3,525	1,955	1,565
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	75	35	40
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	410	215	190	103,815	50,915	52,900
Non-movers	365	200	165	96,875	47,515	49,355
Movers	45	20	30	6,940	3,395	3,540
Non-migrants	0	0	0	3,745	1,805	1,935
Migrants	45	15	25	3,200	1,590	1,605
Internal migrants	45	20	25	2,595	1,310	1,280
Intraprovincial migrants	40	20	20	2,405	1,220	1,185
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	190	95	100
External migrants	0	0	0	600	280	325
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	375	190	185	99,995	48,980	51,015
Non-movers	220	105	115	77,345	37,935	39,410
Movers	150	85	70	22,650	11,040	11,605
Non-migrants	25	10	10	13,100	6,380	6,725
Migrants	130	70	60	9,545	4,670	4,875
Internal migrants	130	70	60	7,380	3,710	3,675
Intraprovincial migrants	105	50	50	7,070	3,550	3,515
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	0	315	160	155
External migrants	0	0	0	2,160	955	1,205

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Exshaw, UNP [Designated place], Alberta and Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Exshaw, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta and Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Exshaw, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta and Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Exshaw, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta and Vaughan--Woodbridge [Federal electoral district], Ontario