Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Calmar, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 1, CDR Alberta [Census division]			Calmar, T Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta Map : Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Calmar, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	82,627	...	...	2,228	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	78,694	...	...	1,970	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	13.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	35,331	...	...	861	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	33,230	...	...	842	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.0	...	...	476.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	20,558.81	...	...	4.68	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	82,625	40,800	41,830	2,225	1,140	1,090
0 to 14 years	15,660	8,090	7,570	455	230	220
0 to 4 years	5,115	2,660	2,450	170	85	85
5 to 9 years	5,460	2,855	2,605	155	85	70
10 to 14 years	5,090	2,570	2,515	130	65	65
15 to 64 years	53,470	26,595	26,870	1,560	800	760
15 to 19 years	5,005	2,565	2,435	140	70	70
20 to 24 years	4,715	2,415	2,300	135	65	65
25 to 29 years	5,140	2,530	2,605	165	80	85
30 to 34 years	5,665	2,810	2,855	185	100	90
35 to 39 years	5,525	2,745	2,790	150	80	65
40 to 44 years	4,920	2,490	2,430	170	85	85
45 to 49 years	4,980	2,485	2,495	160	80	80
50 to 54 years	5,765	2,800	2,970	175	90	85
55 to 59 years	6,220	3,070	3,150	160	90	70
60 to 64 years	5,530	2,695	2,840	125	55	70
65 years and over	13,500	6,110	7,390	215	105	110
65 to 69 years	4,320	2,090	2,225	85	45	45
70 to 74 years	3,080	1,425	1,655	60	30	35
75 to 79 years	2,350	1,095	1,250	30	20	15
80 to 84 years	1,785	810	980	20	5	15
85 years and over	1,965	685	1,280	20	5	10
85 to 89 years	1,200	460	740	15	10	5
90 to 94 years	580	200	385	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	175	30	140	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	19.8	18.1	20.4	20.2	20.2
15 to 64 years	64.7	65.2	64.2	70.1	70.2	69.7
65 years and over	16.3	15.0	17.7	9.7	9.2	10.1
85 years and over	2.4	1.7	3.1	0.9	0.4	0.9
Average age of the population	40.1	39.1	41.1	36.5	36.5	36.6
Median age of the population	39.6	38.6	40.8	36.6	36.6	36.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	33,230	...	...	840	...	...
Single-detached house	22,785	...	...	645	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	210	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,050	...	...	120	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,640	...	...	45	...	...
Row house	1,835	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	535	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,000	...	...	50	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,190	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	33,230	...	...	840	...	...
1 person	9,040	...	...	170	...	...
2 persons	12,765	...	...	305	...	...
3 persons	4,540	...	...	150	...	...
4 persons	4,330	...	...	145	...	...
5 or more persons	2,555	...	...	80	...	...
Number of persons in private households	79,665	...	...	2,230	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	66,965	32,705	34,260	1,775	905	870
Married or living common law	41,075	20,520	20,555	1,125	560	560
Married	34,690	17,340	17,345	870	435	435
Living common law	6,385	3,175	3,205	250	130	125
Not married and not living common law	25,895	12,185	13,705	650	345	305
Never married	15,525	8,675	6,845	415	250	165
Separated	1,640	705	945	50	30	20
Divorced	4,800	1,985	2,815	125	50	75
Widowed	3,930	820	3,105	60	15	45
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,325	...	...	660	...	...
2 persons	12,750	...	...	325	...	...
3 persons	4,360	...	...	150	...	...
4 persons	4,105	...	...	130	...	...
5 or more persons	2,110	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,325	...	...	655	...	...
Total couple families	19,850	...	...	555	...	...
Married couples	16,660	...	...	430	...	...
Common-law couples	3,190	...	...	130	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,470	...	...	100	...	...
Female parent	2,735	...	...	75	...	...
Male parent	740	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	19,850	...	...	555	...	...
Couples without children	10,715	...	...	265	...	...
Couples with children	9,135	...	...	295	...	...
1 child	3,360	...	...	125	...	...
2 children	3,780	...	...	120	...	...
3 or more children	1,995	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,470	...	...	100	...	...
1 child	2,035	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	1,000	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	440	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,105	6,540	6,565	325	195	130
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	33,230	...	...	840	...	...
One-census-family households	22,565	...	...	615	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,395	...	...	250	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,170	...	...	365	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	370	...	...	25	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,295	...	...	210	...	...
One-person households	9,040	...	...	170	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,250	...	...	40	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	81,210	40,300	40,910	2,230	1,140	1,090
English only	77,805	38,715	39,090	2,150	1,110	1,045
French only	20	10	5	0	0	0
English and French	2,725	1,280	1,450	60	20	35
Neither English nor French	660	300	360	15	10	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	81,210	40,300	40,910	2,230	1,140	1,085
English	79,775	39,590	40,185	2,185	1,120	1,065
French	725	380	340	30	10	15
English and French	65	30	30	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	650	295	350	10	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	760	395	360	30	15	15
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	1.0	0.9	1.3	1.3	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	81,215	40,300	40,910	2,225	1,140	1,090
Single responses	80,540	39,985	40,560	2,185	1,115	1,070
Official languages	71,455	35,540	35,910	2,045	1,050	995
English	70,625	35,110	35,515	2,015	1,035	975
French	830	430	405	30	10	15
Non-official languages	9,090	4,440	4,645	140	65	75
Aboriginal languages	35	10	25	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	15	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,050	4,425	4,625	135	65	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	440	230	210	5	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	210	200	5	5	0
Amharic	15	5	10	0	0	0
Arabic	375	190	185	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	615	265	345	20	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	30	5	0	5
Fijian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	535	240	300	15	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	90	50	45	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	25	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,060	3,490	3,570	90	40	45
Albanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	495	230	265	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	490	230	260	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	20	25	5	0	5
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	45	50	0	0	0
Russian	60	25	40	0	0	0
Serbian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slovak	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	60	65	15	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,325	2,655	2,670	50	20	25
Afrikaans	75	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	20	5	15	5	0	5
Dutch	350	165	180	5	5	0
Frisian	5	5	5	0	0	0
German	4,845	2,420	2,425	45	20	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	410	200	215	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	385	185	195	5	5	0
Bengali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	60	30	25	0	0	0
Hindi	45	25	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	70	30	45	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	55	50	10	5	5
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	65	35	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	745	360	385	10	5	5
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	40	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Romanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	600	285	315	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	25	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	5
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Dinka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	355	175	185	15	5	5
Chinese languages	340	165	175	10	5	5
Cantonese	170	85	85	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	135	70	70	0	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	15	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	75	35	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	30	35	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	10	5	0	0
Hungarian	55	25	30	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	670	320	350	45	20	20
English and French	130	70	65	10	5	5
English and non-official language	520	240	280	25	15	15
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	81,215	40,300	40,910	2,225	1,140	1,090
Single responses	79,995	39,715	40,280	2,205	1,130	1,080
Official languages	75,385	37,420	37,960	2,145	1,100	1,050
English	75,205	37,335	37,870	2,140	1,095	1,045
French	175	85	90	5	5	5
Non-official languages	4,610	2,290	2,320	65	35	30
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,610	2,285	2,320	65	30	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	325	155	165	0	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	5	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	295	140	155	5	0	5
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	285	135	150	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	25	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	275	125	150	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	255	120	135	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,500	1,760	1,740	45	25	20
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	50	45	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	50	45	0	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Russian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,745	1,385	1,360	25	15	10
Afrikaans	35	15	20	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	15	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,635	1,330	1,300	20	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Greek	15	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	280	140	145	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	260	130	135	10	5	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	20	10	0	0	5
Hindi	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	70	30	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	25	35	5	5	5
Sindhi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	5	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	335	165	170	5	0	5
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	305	155	155	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	200	100	100	5	0	0
Chinese languages	190	95	95	5	5	5
Cantonese	100	45	50	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	75	40	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	60	30	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,215	590	630	20	15	10
English and French	55	20	35	0	5	0
English and non-official language	1,145	560	590	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	81,215	40,305	40,910	2,225	1,140	1,090
None	75,910	37,720	38,185	2,145	1,100	1,045
English	2,540	1,240	1,295	20	10	10
French	535	235	295	15	5	10
Non-official language	2,180	1,075	1,110	50	20	20
Aboriginal	20	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,160	1,070	1,095	45	25	25
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	64,455	31,715	32,735	1,775	905	865
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,020	30,570	31,450	1,685	865	820
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,182	49,990	28,268	42,848	61,568	29,440
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,045	30,575	31,470	1,690	865	820
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,709	43,789	26,411	37,792	50,816	27,477
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,285	29,115	28,175	1,550	825	730
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,189	47,796	25,551	42,923	60,864	28,608
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	39,035	15,715	23,325	990	395	585
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,031	8,353	6,351	5,056	6,256	4,645
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,540	24,920	22,620	1,375	745	630
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,939	47,206	26,052	44,629	62,677	30,144
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	64,455	31,735	32,715	1,795	910	885
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,000	30,535	31,460	1,710	850	860
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,761	67,655	38,302	51,905	68,680	35,313
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,025	30,540	31,485	1,715	850	860
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,948	54,930	33,296	43,312	55,793	30,968
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,455	29,055	28,400	1,575	830	740
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,087	66,304	35,516	51,535	66,237	35,071
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,765	15,415	23,350	1,005	365	635
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,667	9,053	8,412	7,698	9,194	6,835
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,540	24,835	22,710	1,340	705	635
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,983	61,364	33,350	51,621	66,434	35,118
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	64,455	31,740	32,720	1,795	910	885
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	20,365	11,910	8,460	645	350	300
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,098	65,623	44,142	58,848	77,645	44,558
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	67,094	79,133	50,139	67,745	85,856	46,476
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.5	92.9	83.8	91.5	94.1	86.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.2	73.8	64.1	82.5	85.4	76.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.5	7.1	16.2	8.7	5.9	14.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	64,455	31,720	32,740	1,775	910	865
Without total income	2,435	1,150	1,285	85	45	45
With total income	62,020	30,570	31,455	1,685	865	820
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.4	96.1	94.9	95.1	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,275	2,515	4,765	220	60	160
$10,000 to $19,999	8,885	3,140	5,740	205	75	130
$20,000 to $29,999	9,625	3,560	6,065	205	75	125
$30,000 to $39,999	7,190	3,065	4,125	175	55	115
$40,000 to $49,999	6,200	3,005	3,195	160	75	80
$50,000 to $59,999	5,000	2,755	2,250	150	80	70
$60,000 to $69,999	3,965	2,485	1,485	120	70	45
$70,000 to $79,999	3,055	2,040	1,015	110	75	35
$80,000 to $89,999	2,255	1,520	735	95	75	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,870	1,220	655	50	35	10
$100,000 and over	6,700	5,270	1,430	205	180	25
$100,000 to $149,999	4,545	3,425	1,120	165	145	15
$150,000 and over	2,155	1,840	310	45	40	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	64,455	31,715	32,735	1,775	905	865
Without after-tax income	2,415	1,145	1,265	90	40	45
With after-tax income	62,040	30,570	31,470	1,690	865	820
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.4	96.1	95.2	95.6	94.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,500	2,575	4,925	220	55	165
$10,000 to $19,999	9,315	3,280	6,030	215	80	130
$20,000 to $29,999	10,950	4,155	6,795	250	90	160
$30,000 to $39,999	8,545	3,865	4,680	205	80	120
$40,000 to $49,999	7,095	3,795	3,300	210	115	95
$50,000 to $59,999	5,285	3,280	2,010	170	95	75
$60,000 to $69,999	3,790	2,540	1,250	130	95	30
$70,000 to $79,999	2,680	1,760	915	100	80	20
$80,000 and over	6,875	5,325	1,555	185	165	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,070	1,420	650	65	60	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,405	1,070	335	40	35	0
$100,000 and over	3,400	2,840	565	75	70	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	64,455	31,720	32,735	1,775	905	870
Without employment income	16,915	6,795	10,115	400	160	235
With employment income	47,545	24,920	22,620	1,375	745	635
Percentage with employment income	73.8	78.6	69.1	77.5	82.3	73.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,305	2,850	3,455	115	45	75
$5,000 to $9,999	3,585	1,445	2,135	90	35	50
$10,000 to $19,999	6,015	2,400	3,620	165	55	115
$20,000 to $29,999	5,460	2,130	3,330	115	35	80
$30,000 to $39,999	4,800	2,095	2,710	135	55	85
$40,000 to $49,999	4,340	2,110	2,230	135	60	75
$50,000 to $59,999	3,525	1,990	1,530	120	65	55
$60,000 to $69,999	2,840	1,830	1,010	100	55	40
$70,000 to $79,999	2,220	1,535	675	100	70	25
$80,000 and over	8,450	6,530	1,925	295	260	30
$80,000 to $89,999	1,760	1,250	515	75	60	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,610	1,030	585	50	45	5
$100,000 and over	5,080	4,255	830	170	155	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	33,230	...	...	845	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,141	...	...	94,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,184	...	...	79,104	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	9,040	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,623	...	...	52,480	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,067	...	...	43,648	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	24,190	...	...	680	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,099	...	...	106,701	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,014	...	...	90,027	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,438	...	...	103,844	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,031	...	...	86,653	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	9,040	...	...	165	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,063	...	...	59,743	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,050	...	...	48,355	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	24,190	...	...	690	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,517	...	...	114,251	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,973	...	...	95,691	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	33,230	...	...	845	...	...
Under $5,000	380	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	345	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	500	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	940	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,785	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,150	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,250	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,515	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,385	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,285	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,565	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,415	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,115	...	...	55	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,025	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,860	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,725	...	...	395	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,695	...	...	135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,720	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,905	...	...	90	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,395	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	33,230	...	...	840	...	...
Under $5,000	420	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	345	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	520	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	985	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,905	...	...	30	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,320	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,495	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,720	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,610	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,510	...	...	40	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,070	...	...	80	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,730	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,545	...	...	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,305	...	...	70	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,960	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,795	...	...	285	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,675	...	...	135	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,150	...	...	70	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,970	...	...	75	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,240	...	...	650	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,585	...	...	105,813	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,617	...	...	89,216	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,290	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,350	...	...	93,440	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,725	...	...	76,800	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,220	...	...	295	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,342	...	...	125,525	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,278	...	...	104,363	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,280	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,944	...	...	63,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,756	...	...	57,003	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,205	...	...	670	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,923	...	...	111,902	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,168	...	...	93,558	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,285	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	115,529	...	...	99,019	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,080	...	...	82,575	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,270	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,849	...	...	132,152	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,323	...	...	109,881	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,215	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,702	...	...	93,727	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,483	...	...	80,130	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,955	5,975	5,980	255	155	100
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,591	41,199	29,946	46,208	56,384	33,408
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,436	36,171	28,012	39,808	48,256	31,072
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,950	5,925	6,025	270	170	95
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,679	53,196	40,273	51,716	60,710	35,370
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,417	43,652	35,254	42,706	49,117	31,055
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	79,665	39,565	40,100	2,230	1,140	1,090
In the bottom half of the distribution	36,955	17,425	19,530	850	405	440
In the bottom decile	5,990	2,830	3,165	115	55	65
In the second decile	7,350	3,200	4,155	140	60	80
In the third decile	8,145	3,785	4,360	155	80	75
In the fourth decile	7,660	3,730	3,935	200	95	105
In the fifth decile	7,800	3,875	3,925	240	115	120
In the top half of the distribution	42,715	22,145	20,570	1,380	735	645
In the sixth decile	7,795	3,980	3,820	265	140	130
In the seventh decile	8,220	4,185	4,040	280	135	145
In the eighth decile	8,455	4,360	4,095	305	180	125
In the ninth decile	8,970	4,695	4,275	310	165	145
In the top decile	9,270	4,930	4,340	220	120	105
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	79,665	39,570	40,100	2,230	1,140	1,085
0 to 17 years	18,170	9,365	8,805	550	290	260
0 to 5 years	5,965	3,095	2,870	200	100	100
18 to 64 years	49,420	24,525	24,890	1,465	745	720
65 years and over	12,080	5,680	6,405	215	105	105
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,970	4,060	4,910	165	75	90
0 to 17 years	2,855	1,495	1,355	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	1,020	535	490	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	4,990	2,185	2,805	90	35	50
65 years and over	1,125	380	745	30	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.3	10.3	12.2	7.4	6.6	8.3
0 to 17 years (%)	15.7	16.0	15.4	9.1	8.6	9.6
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.3	17.1	10.0	10.0	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.1	8.9	11.3	6.1	4.7	6.9
65 years and over (%)	9.3	6.7	11.6	14.0	14.3	14.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,640	2,220	2,425	80	40	40
0 to 17 years	1,480	775	705	20	15	10
0 to 5 years	520	265	250	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	2,950	1,355	1,600	50	30	25
65 years and over	215	90	125	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.8	5.6	6.0	3.6	3.5	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	8.1	8.3	8.0	3.6	5.2	3.8
0 to 5 years (%)	8.7	8.6	8.7	5.0	5.0	5.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	5.5	6.4	3.4	4.0	3.5
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.6	2.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	79,665	39,570	40,100	2,230	1,140	1,090
Official languages	79,080	39,290	39,795	2,195	1,120	1,075
English	79,065	39,280	39,785	2,195	1,120	1,075
French	2,755	1,315	1,440	45	20	20
Non-official languages	9,435	4,665	4,770	235	120	115
Aboriginal languages	65	15	45	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	55	15	40	0	0	0
Blackfoot	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	30	10	20	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,390	4,655	4,730	235	115	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	435	210	230	0	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	430	205	225	10	0	0
Amharic	35	20	10	0	0	0
Arabic	380	165	215	0	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	70	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	20	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	45	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	635	265	370	30	15	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	630	265	370	30	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	15	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	125	75	50	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	105	65	35	0	0	0
Tamil	40	20	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,165	3,625	3,540	145	90	60
Albanian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	685	330	360	45	15	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	680	325	355	45	15	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	50	25	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	50	60	10	0	10
Russian	165	75	85	10	10	0
Serbian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	150	65	80	30	15	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,555	2,295	2,260	85	60	30
Afrikaans	155	90	60	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	395	175	225	10	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	3,905	1,980	1,930	85	60	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	225	110	120	0	0	0
Greek	75	40	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	420	235	190	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	415	230	185	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	35	25	0	0	0
Hindi	200	105	95	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	60	25	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	65	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,615	865	755	20	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	115	45	70	10	10	0
Portuguese	60	30	30	0	0	0
Romanian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Spanish	1,385	765	625	25	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	35	50	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	15	30	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	155	75	75	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	35	10	30	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	25	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	60	35	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Dinka	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	105	35	75	0	0	0
American Sign Language	40	0	35	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	25	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	405	205	195	45	10	35
Chinese languages	400	205	195	40	10	35
Cantonese	165	90	70	40	10	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	235	115	125	25	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	85	35	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	40	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	40	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	79,665	39,570	40,100	2,230	1,140	1,085
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	76,320	37,850	38,470	2,145	1,085	1,060
Canadian citizens aged under 18	17,460	8,980	8,480	515	280	240
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	58,860	28,875	29,985	1,630	805	820
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,350	1,715	1,635	80	55	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	79,665	39,565	40,100	2,230	1,140	1,090
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	71,150	35,240	35,910	2,030	1,045	985
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,465	3,805	3,655	185	95	100
Before 1981	2,135	1,045	1,095	45	25	20
1981 to 1990	750	380	375	35	0	25
1991 to 2000	1,060	590	470	25	10	20
2001 to 2010	1,980	1,050	930	55	25	25
2001 to 2005	880	460	420	10	10	10
2006 to 2010	1,100	595	510	40	20	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,535	745	790	30	20	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,050	520	530	15	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,465	3,805	3,660	185	90	100
Under 5 years	1,145	585	555	10	0	15
5 to 14 years	1,505	735	765	50	25	20
15 to 24 years	1,675	795	875	35	30	10
25 to 44 years	2,695	1,440	1,255	65	20	45
45 years and over	445	240	200	25	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,460	3,810	3,660	190	90	100
Americas	2,480	1,220	1,260	15	0	10
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	100	50	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	150	85	65	0	0	0
Guyana	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	20	10	10	0	10
Mexico	1,320	645	675	0	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	545	260	285	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	305	155	145	0	0	0
Europe	2,900	1,590	1,310	110	60	50
Bosnia and Herzegovina	140	75	65	0	0	0
Croatia	30	10	15	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	440	250	185	35	30	0
Greece	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hungary	40	20	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Italy	45	25	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	330	145	180	15	10	10
Poland	120	55	60	0	0	0
Portugal	45	20	25	0	0	0
Romania	75	45	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	0	15	20	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	90	40	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,215	725	495	35	10	20
Other places of birth in Europe	200	115	85	0	0	0
Africa	495	250	240	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	55	25	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	60	40	20	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	150	75	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	185	85	105	0	0	0
Asia	1,545	725	820	60	25	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	160	90	70	30	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	60	25	35	0	0	0
India	225	125	105	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	25	15	15	0	0	0
Japan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	10	0	10	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	535	220	315	25	15	10
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	110	40	65	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	75	45	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	200	100	100	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,535	745	790	30	25	10
Americas	425	175	250	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	50	20	30	0	0	0
Cuba	45	20	20	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	205	75	130	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	60	25	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	20	30	0	0	0
Europe	235	155	80	15	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	10	10	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	110	90	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	30	0	0	0
Africa	85	35	45	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	785	375	410	15	15	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	115	70	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	0	15	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	375	175	200	15	10	0
Saudi Arabia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	40	70	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	35	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	79,670	39,570	40,100	2,225	1,140	1,090
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,875	4,525	4,345	210	100	110
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	12,875	6,305	6,570	335	145	190
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	57,920	28,735	29,185	1,690	900	785
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,435	2,825	2,615	150	70	75
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,390	1,275	1,115	95	55	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	890	625	270	40	30	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,495	650	845	60	20	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,890	950	935	50	20	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,090	565	520	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	70	35	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	79,665	39,565	40,100	2,225	1,140	1,085
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,705	1,785	1,920	105	40	65
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,660	1,770	1,885	110	40	65
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,255	565	685	35	15	20
Métis	2,380	1,190	1,190	75	25	45
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	75,965	37,780	38,185	2,120	1,095	1,025
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	79,670	39,570	40,100	2,230	1,140	1,090
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	880	365	515	35	15	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	78,790	39,200	39,580	2,195	1,125	1,075
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	79,665	39,565	40,100	2,230	1,140	1,090
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	775	370	400	25	15	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	760	360	400	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	365	140	220	10	10	10
Métis single ancestry	395	210	180	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,095	1,985	2,110	150	60	85
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,920	1,900	2,015	145	65	80
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,955	970	985	85	35	50
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,905	915	990	60	25	35
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	15	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	180	85	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	150	75	75	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	74,800	37,210	37,585	2,055	1,060	995
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	79,665	39,565	40,100	2,225	1,140	1,085
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,550	2,205	2,345	120	45	75
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	695	370	325	0	0	0
Chinese	550	265	285	45	15	35
Black	925	500	420	10	0	0
Filipino	750	325	425	45	15	30
Latin American	675	320	355	15	10	10
Arab	225	95	125	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	270	145	125	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Korean	50	20	30	0	0	0
Japanese	150	50	95	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	95	55	40	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	135	45	100	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	75,120	37,365	37,750	2,105	1,095	1,010
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	79,670	39,570	40,100	2,225	1,140	1,090
North American Aboriginal origins	4,870	2,355	2,515	175	80	95
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,485	1,195	1,290	100	40	55
Inuit	95	35	55	0	0	0
Métis	2,480	1,210	1,270	80	35	40
Other North American origins	22,295	11,040	11,250	725	375	350
Acadian	65	50	15	0	0	0
American	1,495	720	780	20	15	10
Canadian	21,315	10,550	10,765	710	360	350
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	50	35	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	64,005	31,660	32,345	1,805	930	880
British Isles origins	35,140	17,155	17,980	970	490	480
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	19,505	9,540	9,975	635	325	310
Irish	12,275	5,670	6,610	415	195	225
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	14,975	7,340	7,630	385	185	200
Welsh	1,580	730	845	45	35	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,035	920	1,120	20	10	10
French origins	7,770	3,660	4,110	245	95	155
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	7,770	3,655	4,110	245	95	155
Western European origins (except French origins)	34,855	17,255	17,600	655	375	275
Austrian	725	405	325	15	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belgian	590	280	310	10	10	0
Dutch	4,180	2,150	2,030	80	45	35
Flemish	35	15	15	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	31,090	15,340	15,745	580	345	240
Luxembourger	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	410	235	175	10	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	8,035	3,795	4,240	180	70	105
Danish	1,150	550	600	10	0	10
Finnish	345	155	190	10	0	10
Icelandic	280	90	190	0	0	10
Norwegian	4,785	2,325	2,460	120	60	60
Swedish	1,935	865	1,070	75	25	55
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	385	200	185	10	10	10
Eastern European origins	14,905	7,360	7,545	600	265	340
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	300	145	155	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	230	100	130	0	0	10
Estonian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,185	535	645	0	0	10
Latvian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	95	40	50	0	0	0
Moldovan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Polish	3,240	1,475	1,765	190	90	100
Romanian	825	395	435	10	10	0
Russian	5,110	2,560	2,550	110	50	65
Slovak	185	75	110	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,875	3,025	2,855	455	205	250
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,110	1,655	1,455	30	25	0
Albanian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	170	90	80	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	155	85	75	10	10	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	200	100	100	0	0	0
Italian	1,565	860	705	20	15	10
Kosovar	15	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	225	110	115	0	0	0
Serbian	40	25	15	10	10	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Spanish	595	300	300	10	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	105	45	55	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	290	125	165	10	0	0
Basque	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jewish	135	45	90	0	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	125	70	50	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	440	235	205	10	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	110	75	40	0	0	0
Dominican	15	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	175	90	90	10	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,700	845	855	15	10	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	140	85	60	0	0	0
Colombian	180	90	85	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	0	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	1,070	525	545	15	0	0
Nicaraguan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	125	65	60	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	80	50	30	0	0	0
African origins	945	465	475	10	0	10
Central and West African origins	145	70	70	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	45	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	230	100	130	0	0	0
Algerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	85	25	60	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	105	60	50	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	325	170	155	0	0	10
Afrikaner	15	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	0	0	0	0
South African	140	80	60	0	10	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	45	15	30	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	290	150	145	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	270	125	145	10	0	10
Asian origins	3,190	1,475	1,715	155	55	100
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	415	205	210	45	20	25
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	45	30	10	20	10	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	20	10	0	0	0
Israeli	25	15	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	110	40	65	30	10	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	165	80	90	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	805	410	395	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	605	310	295	0	0	0
Goan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	65	30	35	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	0	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,990	870	1,120	110	35	75
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Chinese	765	340	425	55	15	40
Filipino	795	335	450	60	15	35
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	185	60	125	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	30	0	0	0
Laotian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	75	35	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	130	60	70	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	160	90	70	0	0	0
Australian	115	65	55	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	20	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
Owner	24,445	...	...	675	...	...
Renter	8,780	...	...	180	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
Condominium	4,165	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	29,065	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,520	...	...	75	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,575	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,755	...	...	375	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,320	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,020	...	...	155	...	...
5 rooms	4,585	...	...	160	...	...
6 rooms	4,490	...	...	140	...	...
7 rooms	5,080	...	...	120	...	...
8 or more rooms	13,045	...	...	275	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
One person or fewer per room	32,975	...	...	845	...	...
More than 1 person per room	255	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
Suitable	32,515	...	...	825	...	...
Not suitable	710	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
1960 or before	6,315	...	...	130	...	...
1961 to 1980	10,320	...	...	250	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,800	...	...	125	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,500	...	...	170	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,995	...	...	40	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,865	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,430	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	31,330	...	...	775	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,900	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
1 household maintainer	20,395	...	...	545	...	...
2 household maintainers	12,285	...	...	300	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	555	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	33,230	...	...	855	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,280	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,175	...	...	160	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,815	...	...	165	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,130	...	...	165	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,815	...	...	185	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,415	...	...	125	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,625	...	...	40	...	...
85 years and over	975	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	32,355	...	...	855	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	26,170	...	...	745	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,180	...	...	115	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,560	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,710	...	...	670	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.8	...	...	70.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.5	...	...	5.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	996	...	...	1,332	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,105	...	...	1,359	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	280,102	...	...	299,378	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	315,971	...	...	282,483	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,750	...	...	185	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.1	...	...	29.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.1	...	...	37.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	913	...	...	1,112	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	954	...	...	1,132	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	64,455	31,740	32,720	1,795	910	880
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,255	7,440	6,815	445	230	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,955	9,920	10,035	585	270	315
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,245	14,375	15,870	765	415	350
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,075	5,495	1,580	240	205	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,000	1,205	795	55	35	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,075	4,285	785	190	170	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,110	5,165	8,940	385	155	225
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,380	485	890	65	20	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,685	3,235	4,455	70	30	45
Bachelor's degree	5,655	2,185	3,470	55	25	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	345	135	210	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	260	185	80	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,230	605	630	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	195	130	65	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	42,855	21,240	21,615	1,285	650	630
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,450	3,635	2,820	215	115	110
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,870	6,555	6,315	425	195	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,535	11,055	12,480	635	345	295
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,185	4,105	1,080	205	180	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,325	840	485	35	25	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,860	3,265	595	170	155	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,240	4,180	7,065	335	130	205
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	930	365	565	45	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,180	2,405	3,775	55	20	35
Bachelor's degree	4,620	1,675	2,945	40	15	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	270	105	165	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	135	80	0	0	0
Master's degree	960	415	540	0	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	70	45	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	64,455	31,735	32,720	1,795	910	880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,210	17,360	16,850	1,030	500	530
Education	2,405	620	1,785	30	15	15
13. Education	2,405	625	1,790	30	10	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	635	245	390	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	110	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	480	135	345	10	10	0
Humanities	835	380	450	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	120	40	80	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	225	75	150	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	325	190	135	0	0	0
54. History	65	45	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,885	505	1,375	45	0	45
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	45	75	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	700	60	645	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	325	105	215	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	285	85	200	15	0	15
45. Social sciences	395	200	195	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	6,050	1,605	4,445	130	25	110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	15	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	575	100	475	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,460	1,500	3,960	125	15	105
Physical and life sciences and technologies	630	370	265	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	255	115	140	0	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	65	65	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	140	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	50	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	580	400	185	15	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	490	360	135	10	10	10
25. Library science	50	0	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	25	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,050	7,665	385	310	290	20
04. Architecture and related services	50	30	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	570	485	80	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,475	1,325	145	40	40	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,955	1,935	20	95	85	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,925	2,850	75	100	100	0
48. Precision production	1,080	1,040	40	60	55	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,095	685	410	10	0	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	770	495	270	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	330	190	140	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,760	890	4,870	100	25	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	270	140	125	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,375	670	4,705	95	20	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	115	80	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,320	1,020	1,305	105	40	65
12. Personal and culinary services	1,295	250	1,040	55	10	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	595	380	215	35	10	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	385	345	45	20	20	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	42,855	21,240	21,615	1,280	650	625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,325	10,190	9,135	645	310	340
Education	1,650	385	1,260	15	10	0
13. Education	1,650	390	1,260	20	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	505	175	330	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	70	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	395	105	285	0	0	0
Humanities	585	255	330	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	10	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	100	35	70	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	60	110	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	210	110	95	0	0	0
54. History	35	25	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,550	390	1,155	40	0	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	85	35	45	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	600	40	560	15	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	245	80	165	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	230	80	160	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	335	150	190	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	4,850	1,255	3,595	110	20	85
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	15	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	475	75	405	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,355	1,180	3,175	105	20	90
Physical and life sciences and technologies	435	225	205	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	190	80	110	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	80	35	45	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	110	85	25	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	490	330	160	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	430	305	125	10	0	10
25. Library science	35	10	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	15	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,300	5,955	345	265	245	20
04. Architecture and related services	30	10	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	465	395	70	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,285	1,150	135	35	30	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,465	1,445	25	95	85	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,270	2,205	65	75	70	0
48. Precision production	785	750	35	55	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	875	550	325	10	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	605	385	215	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	275	165	105	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,435	705	3,730	80	20	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	210	110	100	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,135	540	3,595	75	15	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	60	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,860	815	1,045	100	35	65
12. Personal and culinary services	995	190	800	50	10	45
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	525	320	205	30	10	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	325	295	40	15	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	64,455	31,735	32,715	1,790	915	885
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,210	17,365	16,850	1,025	500	530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,245	14,375	15,870	765	410	355
Location of study inside Canada	27,495	12,975	14,520	680	370	305
Same as province or territory of residence	21,225	10,070	11,150	445	245	200
Different than province or territory of residence	6,270	2,900	3,370	235	125	110
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,755	1,405	1,350	85	40	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	875	435	435	15	0	10
Philippines	270	120	155	25	10	20
India	205	90	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	450	270	180	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	20	25	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	905	460	445	30	20	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	42,855	21,240	21,615	1,280	655	630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,325	10,185	9,130	645	305	340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,535	11,055	12,480	635	345	290
Location of study inside Canada	21,330	9,995	11,335	560	305	250
Same as province or territory of residence	16,850	7,995	8,860	365	210	160
Different than province or territory of residence	4,480	2,005	2,475	190	100	95
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,210	1,055	1,150	80	40	40
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	615	250	365	15	10	15
Philippines	255	105	150	30	15	15
India	195	90	105	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	375	230	145	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	15	15	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	725	365	365	30	15	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	64,455	31,735	32,720	1,795	910	885
In the labour force	42,575	22,880	19,690	1,265	685	580
Employed	38,495	20,030	18,465	1,105	585	520
Unemployed	4,080	2,855	1,225	155	100	55
Not in the labour force	21,880	8,855	13,030	530	225	305
Participation rate	66.1	72.1	60.2	70.5	75.3	65.5
Employment rate	59.7	63.1	56.4	61.6	64.3	58.8
Unemployment rate	9.6	12.5	6.2	12.3	14.6	9.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	64,455	31,735	32,715	1,795	915	885
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	19,185	7,550	11,635	510	225	280
Worked	45,270	24,190	21,085	1,285	685	600
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	21,080	12,415	8,665	665	365	300
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	24,190	11,775	12,415	620	320	300
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.8	42.2	41.4	43.1	43.7	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	42,570	22,885	19,690	1,265	685	580
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	545	315	230	15	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	42,030	22,570	19,460	1,250	675	575
Employee	36,305	18,830	17,480	1,125	615	510
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,725	3,745	1,980	125	60	65
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	42,570	22,880	19,690	1,265	685	580
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	540	310	230	15	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	42,030	22,570	19,460	1,250	675	575
0 Management occupations	4,400	2,900	1,500	105	70	35
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,385	1,150	4,235	195	35	160
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,815	1,520	300	50	30	25
3 Health occupations	3,390	555	2,835	35	10	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,060	1,245	2,815	75	20	55
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	695	220	480	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,930	3,875	6,055	285	85	205
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,975	7,480	500	365	325	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,720	2,215	500	60	60	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,660	1,415	245	65	40	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	42,570	22,885	19,690	1,260	685	580
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	540	310	230	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	42,030	22,575	19,455	1,250	675	575
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,380	1,600	780	10	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,785	2,540	245	105	90	15
22 Utilities	190	185	10	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,310	3,735	575	240	185	55
31-33 Manufacturing	1,875	1,520	350	125	65	65
41 Wholesale trade	1,115	765	350	55	35	25
44-45 Retail trade	5,185	2,350	2,840	165	65	100
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,805	1,325	480	75	60	10
51 Information and cultural industries	505	270	230	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	940	285	655	20	10	15
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	570	305	265	35	20	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,900	955	945	30	20	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	10	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,265	730	535	45	10	35
61 Educational services	2,695	610	2,085	30	0	30
62 Health care and social assistance	5,320	785	4,530	85	20	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	895	470	430	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,160	1,170	1,990	100	25	75
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,180	1,110	1,070	60	25	40
91 Public administration	2,905	1,850	1,055	50	30	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	38,490	20,030	18,460	1,105	590	520
Worked at home	3,035	1,445	1,590	65	20	45
Worked outside Canada	95	75	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,840	4,690	1,155	155	110	50
Worked at usual place	29,525	13,820	15,705	880	455	425
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,525	13,825	15,700	885	460	425
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	21,435	9,280	12,155	170	80	95
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,555	3,445	3,105	680	350	330
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,230	910	320	25	25	0
Commute to a different province or territory	305	180	120	0	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	35,370	18,510	16,855	1,040	570	475
Car, truck, van - as a driver	30,880	16,235	14,640	930	495	435
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,755	895	865	35	20	10
Public transit	650	275	380	0	0	0
Walked	1,240	535	705	40	25	15
Bicycle	250	185	70	15	15	0
Other method	595	395	205	30	15	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	35,370	18,515	16,855	1,040	565	475
Less than 15 minutes	17,955	8,390	9,570	240	115	125
15 to 29 minutes	11,965	6,280	5,690	355	170	185
30 to 44 minutes	2,600	1,615	980	200	115	85
45 to 59 minutes	1,055	680	380	130	80	45
60 minutes and over	1,785	1,550	235	115	85	35
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	35,365	18,510	16,850	1,040	565	475
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,160	1,645	515	145	100	45
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,785	4,670	2,120	220	140	75
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,890	6,060	4,825	265	140	120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,020	2,485	4,530	150	60	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,175	1,190	1,990	135	40	95
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,340	2,465	2,870	135	85	55
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	46,645	24,790	21,845	1,335	715	625
Single responses	46,535	24,745	21,785	1,335	715	620
Official languages	46,330	24,610	21,715	1,335	710	625
English	46,265	24,595	21,670	1,335	710	625
French	65	15	50	0	0	0
Non-official languages	210	140	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	205	140	75	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	115	40	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	135	100	30	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	105	80	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	25	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	105	45	60	0	0	0
English and French	35	10	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	65	35	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	46,645	24,795	21,845	1,335	715	620
None	45,645	24,155	21,490	1,315	710	610
English	205	120	85	0	0	0
French	225	130	100	0	0	0
Non-official language	535	370	165	20	0	15
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	530	370	160	20	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	78,645	39,005	39,635	2,195	1,130	1,065
Non-movers	67,085	33,310	33,780	1,785	910	875
Movers	11,555	5,700	5,860	410	220	190
Non-migrants	7,420	3,720	3,705	155	95	60
Migrants	4,140	1,980	2,155	255	125	130
Internal migrants	3,555	1,725	1,830	255	125	130
Intraprovincial migrants	2,460	1,230	1,225	235	115	120
Interprovincial migrants	1,095	495	605	20	10	10
External migrants	585	260	325	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	74,750	37,065	37,685	2,050	1,050	995
Non-movers	43,745	21,850	21,895	1,130	595	535
Movers	31,000	15,215	15,790	915	460	460
Non-migrants	17,470	8,655	8,815	255	160	95
Migrants	13,530	6,560	6,970	665	305	365
Internal migrants	11,485	5,560	5,930	650	295	350
Intraprovincial migrants	7,160	3,470	3,685	465	220	245
Interprovincial migrants	4,330	2,080	2,250	185	80	105
External migrants	2,040	1,000	1,040	15	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 1, CDR [Census division], Alberta and Calmar, T [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Calmar, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Calmar, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 1, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Calmar, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta