Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brooks, CY Alberta [Census subdivision]			Montcalm, MRC Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	14,451	...	...	52,596	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	13,676	...	...	48,378	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.7	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	5,412	...	...	23,295	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	5,046	...	...	21,608	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	777.3	...	...	74.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18.59	...	...	711.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	14,450	7,480	6,975	52,595	27,145	25,455
0 to 14 years	3,290	1,700	1,595	9,810	5,140	4,665
0 to 4 years	1,170	630	545	3,595	1,905	1,685
5 to 9 years	1,120	570	545	3,435	1,785	1,645
10 to 14 years	1,005	495	505	2,780	1,450	1,330
15 to 64 years	9,615	5,100	4,515	35,155	18,130	17,035
15 to 19 years	955	490	465	2,630	1,295	1,340
20 to 24 years	790	445	350	2,970	1,540	1,430
25 to 29 years	945	470	475	3,615	1,750	1,865
30 to 34 years	1,240	645	590	3,560	1,840	1,720
35 to 39 years	1,340	705	630	3,615	1,855	1,765
40 to 44 years	1,215	680	530	3,080	1,625	1,450
45 to 49 years	930	525	410	3,445	1,795	1,655
50 to 54 years	825	415	410	4,460	2,335	2,125
55 to 59 years	755	415	335	4,280	2,275	2,005
60 to 64 years	620	315	305	3,505	1,815	1,690
65 years and over	1,545	675	870	7,630	3,875	3,760
65 to 69 years	485	245	240	2,855	1,500	1,355
70 to 74 years	350	160	190	2,070	1,105	975
75 to 79 years	240	105	130	1,315	685	635
80 to 84 years	190	70	120	785	375	415
85 years and over	285	90	190	595	215	380
85 to 89 years	150	55	90	400	150	245
90 to 94 years	100	25	75	160	55	100
95 to 99 years	35	10	25	35	5	30
100 years and over	0	0	5	5	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.8	22.7	22.9	18.7	18.9	18.3
15 to 64 years	66.5	68.2	64.7	66.8	66.8	66.9
65 years and over	10.7	9.0	12.5	14.5	14.3	14.8
85 years and over	2.0	1.2	2.7	1.1	0.8	1.5
Average age of the population	35.5	34.9	36.3	39.7	39.6	39.8
Median age of the population	35.0	35.0	35.1	40.2	40.5	39.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	5,045	...	...	21,610	...	...
Single-detached house	2,780	...	...	17,385	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,880	...	...	3,940	...	...
Semi-detached house	380	...	...	640	...	...
Row house	505	...	...	125	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	210	...	...	1,035	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	780	...	...	2,075	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	70	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	385	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	5,045	...	...	21,605	...	...
1 person	1,095	...	...	5,775	...	...
2 persons	1,575	...	...	7,910	...	...
3 persons	875	...	...	3,535	...	...
4 persons	825	...	...	2,830	...	...
5 or more persons	675	...	...	1,550	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,995	...	...	52,035	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	11,155	5,780	5,380	42,790	22,005	20,790
Married or living common law	6,635	3,460	3,180	25,810	12,920	12,890
Married	5,585	2,930	2,650	12,205	6,115	6,090
Living common law	1,050	525	530	13,605	6,805	6,805
Not married and not living common law	4,520	2,325	2,200	16,980	9,080	7,900
Never married	2,930	1,750	1,180	11,695	6,765	4,930
Separated	350	165	180	575	310	260
Divorced	640	295	345	2,650	1,360	1,295
Widowed	600	115	490	2,055	645	1,410
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,700	...	...	15,310	...	...
2 persons	1,630	...	...	8,070	...	...
3 persons	800	...	...	3,395	...	...
4 persons	765	...	...	2,660	...	...
5 or more persons	505	...	...	1,180	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,700	...	...	15,310	...	...
Total couple families	3,040	...	...	12,790	...	...
Married couples	2,515	...	...	5,990	...	...
Common-law couples	525	...	...	6,800	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	665	...	...	2,520	...	...
Female parent	530	...	...	1,780	...	...
Male parent	130	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,040	...	...	12,790	...	...
Couples without children	1,280	...	...	6,505	...	...
Couples with children	1,765	...	...	6,280	...	...
1 child	600	...	...	2,710	...	...
2 children	695	...	...	2,465	...	...
3 or more children	465	...	...	1,110	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	660	...	...	2,520	...	...
1 child	355	...	...	1,565	...	...
2 children	200	...	...	680	...	...
3 or more children	105	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,535	1,625	910	8,725	5,165	3,565
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	5,045	...	...	21,610	...	...
One-census-family households	3,460	...	...	14,780	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,190	...	...	6,285	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,265	...	...	8,495	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	120	...	...	260	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,470	...	...	6,565	...	...
One-person households	1,100	...	...	5,780	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	370	...	...	785	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	14,335	7,435	6,905	52,215	26,975	25,240
English only	13,460	7,020	6,440	115	60	55
French only	55	30	30	37,015	18,530	18,485
English and French	475	255	225	15,035	8,350	6,680
Neither English nor French	350	135	210	50	35	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	14,335	7,435	6,905	52,215	26,980	25,235
English	13,665	7,105	6,555	895	475	420
French	235	125	105	51,065	26,360	24,705
English and French	100	65	40	210	115	90
Neither English nor French	340	135	205	40	30	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	280	155	120	1,000	530	465
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	2.1	1.7	1.9	2.0	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	14,335	7,430	6,905	52,210	26,975	25,235
Single responses	13,885	7,185	6,700	51,745	26,730	25,015
Official languages	9,470	4,795	4,680	50,960	26,295	24,665
English	9,300	4,710	4,590	760	395	365
French	170	90	85	50,205	25,900	24,305
Non-official languages	4,415	2,390	2,025	785	440	350
Aboriginal languages	10	5	10	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,400	2,385	2,015	785	435	345
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,365	765	600	70	45	20
Berber languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	995	565	430	0	0	0
Bilen	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oromo	430	230	205	0	0	0
Somali	550	330	225	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	355	195	160	75	50	25
Amharic	95	50	45	0	0	0
Arabic	205	110	90	70	50	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	30	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	60	55	25	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	95	45	50	15	5	5
Vietnamese	20	10	5	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,050	550	500	15	0	10
Bikol	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	145	65	75	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	40	25	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	790	415	380	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	45	25	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	35	20	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	10	5	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	5	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,115	630	490	525	295	230
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	45	40	55	20	30
Baltic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	85	45	45	55	20	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	20	10	10
Russian	20	10	10	15	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	45	15	20	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Germanic languages	215	125	95	25	10	20
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	25	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	165	100	60	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	25	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	120	85	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	175	105	75	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	45	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	75	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	605	340	265	405	235	170
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	130	90	35
Portuguese	0	0	0	65	35	30
Romanian	5	5	5	20	10	10
Spanish	590	330	265	195	105	95
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	25	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	160	80	75	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	0	5	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	15	5	0	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	75	35	45	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	5	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	175	95	80	0	0	0
Dinka	130	70	55	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	270	135	135	25	15	15
Chinese languages	270	135	135	30	15	15
Cantonese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	100	105	20	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	15	15	10	5
Lao	15	10	10	10	10	0
Thai	20	10	10	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	20	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	25	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	455	245	200	465	245	220
English and French	25	10	15	320	165	155
English and non-official language	380	205	180	20	15	5
French and non-official language	30	20	10	95	45	45
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	30	20	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	14,340	7,435	6,905	52,215	26,975	25,235
Single responses	13,275	6,865	6,415	51,705	26,705	25,000
Official languages	10,300	5,220	5,075	51,455	26,565	24,890
English	10,185	5,155	5,025	580	305	275
French	115	65	50	50,875	26,260	24,615
Non-official languages	2,980	1,645	1,335	250	140	110
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,975	1,640	1,335	245	140	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,145	650	500	15	10	5
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	895	510	390	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	385	210	180	0	0	0
Somali	500	295	210	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	240	135	110	15	5	5
Amharic	80	45	35	0	0	0
Arabic	125	70	60	15	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	20	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	40	10	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	25	30	5	5	5
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	595	320	275	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	50	25	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	20	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	505	270	230	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	710	400	305	155	90	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	10	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Russian	10	5	5	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	5	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	165	95	65	0	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	135	80	55	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	40	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	55	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	475	270	205	125	75	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	30	20	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	475	265	205	75	45	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	15	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	115	65	45	0	0	0
Dinka	90	45	45	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	20	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	200	105	100	20	15	5
Chinese languages	200	105	100	20	10	5
Cantonese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	160	80	80	20	10	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	10	5	0
Lao	5	5	5	5	5	5
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,060	565	490	510	270	235
English and French	30	20	15	280	150	125
English and non-official language	985	525	460	25	20	10
French and non-official language	15	5	5	165	80	80
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	40	25	20
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	14,340	7,430	6,905	52,210	26,975	25,240
None	12,265	6,320	5,945	49,520	25,535	23,980
English	1,120	610	510	1,870	1,000	870
French	85	40	40	325	165	160
Non-official language	810	425	385	380	205	170
Aboriginal	10	0	5	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	805	425	380	375	205	170
English and French	15	15	5	25	15	15
English and non-official language	30	20	10	80	50	30
French and non-official language	10	5	5	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,710	5,600	5,105	42,240	21,760	20,480
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,070	5,285	4,790	40,740	21,150	19,590
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,358	46,342	32,296	30,304	36,083	24,852
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,070	5,285	4,790	40,750	21,150	19,600
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,654	41,095	29,705	27,458	31,849	23,297
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,345	5,065	4,275	34,660	18,725	15,940
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,633	45,672	29,688	27,248	33,691	21,057
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,215	2,610	3,605	32,775	16,350	16,425
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,618	3,248	5,278	7,971	6,983	8,837
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,530	4,710	3,820	29,425	16,100	13,330
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,633	45,053	29,911	28,769	34,790	22,704
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	10,710	5,605	5,105	42,235	21,755	20,480
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,080	5,230	4,845	40,675	21,095	19,575
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,950	58,793	36,257	35,183	40,562	29,387
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,080	5,230	4,850	40,680	21,095	19,585
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,630	48,725	31,901	30,087	33,907	25,973
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,345	5,050	4,295	34,780	18,715	16,065
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,983	57,549	34,554	32,596	38,330	25,914
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,235	2,575	3,660	32,755	16,395	16,360
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,073	6,490	7,483	9,079	8,437	9,722
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,530	4,705	3,825	29,430	16,100	13,330
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,787	54,343	33,024	33,221	38,300	27,085
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	10,710	5,600	5,105	42,240	21,760	20,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,040	2,480	1,565	12,515	7,005	5,505
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,628	52,881	41,868	40,103	45,403	34,709
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,387	64,197	46,582	43,996	49,484	37,009
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.6	94.2	84.1	79.0	83.8	71.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	79.3	82.9	73.0	68.1	71.9	62.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.4	5.7	16.0	21.0	16.2	28.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	10,710	5,605	5,105	42,240	21,760	20,480
Without total income	640	320	315	1,500	605	890
With total income	10,070	5,280	4,790	40,740	21,150	19,590
Percentage with total income	94.0	94.2	93.8	96.4	97.2	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,085	380	705	5,145	2,140	3,010
$10,000 to $19,999	1,155	435	715	8,035	3,240	4,800
$20,000 to $29,999	1,275	490	790	7,015	3,205	3,805
$30,000 to $39,999	1,295	540	760	6,345	3,280	3,065
$40,000 to $49,999	1,895	1,075	825	5,085	2,950	2,135
$50,000 to $59,999	880	520	360	3,365	2,145	1,215
$60,000 to $69,999	640	420	220	2,210	1,565	650
$70,000 to $79,999	420	305	115	1,470	1,035	430
$80,000 to $89,999	360	270	90	785	585	200
$90,000 to $99,999	280	200	85	460	340	125
$100,000 and over	785	650	135	830	665	165
$100,000 to $149,999	585	480	105	665	530	135
$150,000 and over	205	175	30	165	130	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,710	5,600	5,105	42,240	21,760	20,480
Without after-tax income	635	320	315	1,485	610	875
With after-tax income	10,075	5,280	4,790	40,750	21,150	19,600
Percentage with after-tax income	94.1	94.3	93.8	96.5	97.2	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,110	385	725	5,300	2,175	3,125
$10,000 to $19,999	1,220	460	755	8,495	3,480	5,010
$20,000 to $29,999	1,515	585	940	8,655	4,090	4,570
$30,000 to $39,999	2,065	1,045	1,020	7,715	4,330	3,390
$40,000 to $49,999	1,565	905	655	5,210	3,285	1,925
$50,000 to $59,999	860	580	285	2,815	1,925	890
$60,000 to $69,999	545	395	150	1,345	930	420
$70,000 to $79,999	385	285	105	570	425	145
$80,000 and over	800	645	155	645	515	135
$80,000 to $89,999	250	190	60	265	205	55
$90,000 to $99,999	195	155	40	130	105	25
$100,000 and over	350	300	55	260	205	50
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	10,705	5,605	5,105	42,240	21,760	20,480
Without employment income	2,180	895	1,285	12,815	5,660	7,155
With employment income	8,530	4,710	3,820	29,425	16,100	13,325
Percentage with employment income	79.7	84.0	74.8	69.7	74.0	65.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	775	310	465	3,515	1,740	1,775
$5,000 to $9,999	505	205	300	2,325	975	1,345
$10,000 to $19,999	920	375	545	4,975	2,120	2,850
$20,000 to $29,999	995	390	610	4,450	2,115	2,340
$30,000 to $39,999	965	430	530	4,325	2,350	1,975
$40,000 to $49,999	1,680	1,000	680	3,325	2,015	1,310
$50,000 to $59,999	655	425	230	2,280	1,585	695
$60,000 to $69,999	505	350	150	1,615	1,190	425
$70,000 to $79,999	345	270	70	1,160	850	310
$80,000 and over	1,185	950	235	1,465	1,165	305
$80,000 to $89,999	305	230	70	565	445	120
$90,000 to $99,999	255	175	80	350	260	95
$100,000 and over	630	545	85	555	455	95
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	5,045	...	...	21,605	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,866	...	...	58,065	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,198	...	...	51,046	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,100	...	...	5,775	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,776	...	...	29,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,583	...	...	27,059	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,950	...	...	15,830	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,504	...	...	69,454	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,584	...	...	61,039	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	5,045	...	...	21,610	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,761	...	...	66,224	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,142	...	...	56,646	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,095	...	...	5,780	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,227	...	...	35,893	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,863	...	...	30,375	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,950	...	...	15,830	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,821	...	...	77,294	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,470	...	...	66,234	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	5,045	...	...	21,605	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	230	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	300	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	610	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	1,055	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	165	...	...	1,110	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	925	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	140	...	...	1,220	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	170	...	...	1,190	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	215	...	...	1,200	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	1,165	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	350	...	...	2,230	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	335	...	...	2,045	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	370	...	...	1,680	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	465	...	...	1,460	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	355	...	...	1,230	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,885	...	...	3,970	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	675	...	...	2,095	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...	970	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	475	...	...	685	...	...
$200,000 and over	260	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,045	...	...	21,610	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	255	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	305	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	620	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	1,105	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	180	...	...	1,240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	1,085	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...	1,525	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	235	...	...	1,390	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	1,445	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	235	...	...	1,515	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	415	...	...	2,660	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	480	...	...	2,170	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	510	...	...	1,810	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	430	...	...	1,390	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	355	...	...	1,050	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,375	...	...	2,045	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	655	...	...	1,285	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	340	...	...	470	...	...
$150,000 and over	375	...	...	285	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,685	...	...	15,255	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,557	...	...	69,355	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,731	...	...	60,928	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,180	...	...	6,080	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,595	...	...	61,127	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,393	...	...	53,561	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,770	...	...	6,330	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,792	...	...	89,116	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,051	...	...	76,907	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	610	...	...	2,400	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,488	...	...	45,428	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,736	...	...	42,155	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,685	...	...	15,295	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,319	...	...	77,239	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,435	...	...	66,115	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	...	...	6,080	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	107,426	...	...	68,672	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,104	...	...	58,226	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,745	...	...	6,360	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,337	...	...	96,382	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,017	...	...	82,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	635	...	...	2,395	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,936	...	...	49,466	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,740	...	...	44,444	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,185	1,425	760	7,575	4,615	2,965
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	41,612	43,362	35,285	26,880	30,912	23,083
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,086	38,864	32,592	24,954	27,749	22,323
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,155	1,420	730	7,440	4,575	2,865
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	47,550	49,208	44,319	33,553	36,580	28,718
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,483	41,446	38,607	28,602	30,666	25,305
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	13,995	7,295	6,700	52,035	26,890	25,140
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,275	3,755	3,525	35,310	18,035	17,280
In the bottom decile	990	500	495	5,020	2,560	2,460
In the second decile	1,270	590	690	6,845	3,415	3,430
In the third decile	1,475	760	710	8,315	4,220	4,095
In the fourth decile	1,640	855	785	8,025	4,130	3,890
In the fifth decile	1,900	1,050	845	7,115	3,705	3,405
In the top half of the distribution	6,720	3,545	3,180	16,720	8,855	7,865
In the sixth decile	1,640	845	790	5,900	3,140	2,755
In the seventh decile	1,655	860	795	4,935	2,600	2,335
In the eighth decile	1,305	690	615	3,235	1,680	1,555
In the ninth decile	1,220	655	565	1,880	1,015	870
In the top decile	900	490	410	770	420	350
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	13,995	7,295	6,700	52,035	26,890	25,145
0 to 17 years	3,915	2,015	1,900	11,355	5,895	5,465
0 to 5 years	1,370	735	635	4,270	2,260	2,015
18 to 64 years	8,930	4,740	4,195	33,460	17,265	16,190
65 years and over	1,145	545	605	7,215	3,730	3,485
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,430	640	785	7,950	3,975	3,980
0 to 17 years	625	325	300	1,850	975	875
0 to 5 years	255	135	120	595	305	285
18 to 64 years	695	280	410	4,485	2,225	2,265
65 years and over	115	40	70	1,620	780	835
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.2	8.8	11.7	15.3	14.8	15.8
0 to 17 years (%)	16.0	16.1	15.8	16.3	16.5	16.0
0 to 5 years (%)	18.6	18.4	18.9	13.9	13.5	14.1
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	5.9	9.8	13.4	12.9	14.0
65 years and over (%)	10.0	7.3	11.6	22.5	20.9	24.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	705	370	340	2,735	1,495	1,245
0 to 17 years	265	135	125	500	275	220
0 to 5 years	115	70	45	150	80	70
18 to 64 years	415	220	200	2,110	1,155	960
65 years and over	30	15	15	125	60	65
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.1	5.1	5.3	5.6	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.7	6.6	4.4	4.7	4.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.4	9.5	7.1	3.5	3.5	3.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.6	4.8	6.3	6.7	5.9
65 years and over (%)	2.6	2.8	2.5	1.7	1.6	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	13,995	7,300	6,695	52,035	26,890	25,145
Official languages	13,665	7,185	6,480	52,005	26,870	25,135
English	13,605	7,145	6,460	15,075	8,435	6,645
French	565	315	250	51,940	26,835	25,105
Non-official languages	4,955	2,670	2,285	1,930	970	960
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,950	2,670	2,280	1,925	970	950
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,535	890	645	110	75	35
Berber languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	1,005	615	395	0	0	0
Bilen	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	490	250	240	0	0	0
Somali	505	355	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	605	330	270	110	75	35
Amharic	170	95	75	0	0	0
Arabic	380	210	170	110	75	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	75	55	25	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	110	60	45	15	0	10
Vietnamese	10	10	10	10	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,315	670	645	10	0	10
Bikol	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	85	40	45	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	65	45	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,200	600	605	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	45	30	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	130	55	75
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	115	50	70
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	20	10	0
Dravidian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,280	695	585	1,590	795	790
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	55	45	65	40	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	55	45	65	40	25
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10	30	25	0
Russian	60	30	35	15	0	15
Serbian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	65	30	40	20	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	195	100	95	75	40	40
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	25	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	80	60	20	70	40	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	25	15
Indo-Iranian languages	265	150	115	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	220	120	100	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	90	55	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	40	25	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	725	390	330	1,420	700	720
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	10	280	185	95
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Romanian	0	10	0	25	10	10
Spanish	710	385	330	1,100	505	600
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	20	15	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	20	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	285	150	130	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	30	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	165	85	85	0	0	0
Wolof	25	20	10	0	0	10
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	195	115	85	0	0	0
Dinka	150	80	70	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	45	35	20	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	25	10	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	0	15
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	110	145	10	10	0
Chinese languages	260	115	145	10	15	0
Cantonese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	175	70	105	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	25	25	10	0	0
Lao	30	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	20	15	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	13,995	7,300	6,700	52,035	26,890	25,140
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	11,070	5,745	5,330	51,770	26,755	25,015
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,215	1,710	1,500	11,345	5,840	5,505
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,860	4,030	3,830	40,425	20,910	19,510
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,925	1,555	1,370	265	135	125
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	13,995	7,295	6,700	52,035	26,890	25,140
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,440	4,855	4,580	50,970	26,335	24,640
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,215	2,220	1,995	1,035	540	500
Before 1981	200	115	85	355	185	170
1981 to 1990	185	105	80	160	80	80
1991 to 2000	315	160	155	160	85	80
2001 to 2010	1,315	695	620	250	145	110
2001 to 2005	395	200	200	125	65	55
2006 to 2010	920	495	425	135	80	50
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,205	1,155	1,050	105	45	60
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	340	215	125	25	20	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,220	2,220	1,995	1,035	540	500
Under 5 years	385	190	195	160	65	95
5 to 14 years	775	415	360	185	110	75
15 to 24 years	775	380	395	205	100	105
25 to 44 years	2,025	1,135	885	425	240	190
45 years and over	260	100	165	65	30	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,215	2,220	1,995	1,040	540	500
Americas	495	230	270	280	125	160
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	280	135	150	15	10	10
El Salvador	60	30	25	15	0	10
Guyana	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	55	20	35
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	70	35	30	30	10	20
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	15	20	35	25	10
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	25	125	55	70
Europe	260	140	115	575	315	260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	260	150	110
Germany	20	20	0	25	10	15
Greece	0	10	0	10	10	0
Hungary	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	85	60	20
Netherlands	70	25	45	0	0	0
Poland	15	10	10	15	15	0
Portugal	0	10	0	30	10	20
Romania	10	10	0	20	10	10
Russian Federation	0	10	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	25	35	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	30	25	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	120	50	65
Africa	1,680	990	695	80	50	25
Algeria	15	10	0	10	0	10
Egypt	30	20	10	10	10	0
Ethiopia	500	255	245	0	0	0
Kenya	35	15	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	40	30	10
Nigeria	60	35	25	0	0	0
Somalia	420	310	115	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	585	330	255	20	15	10
Asia	1,770	860	905	95	45	50
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	195	90	105	15	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	105	55	55	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pakistan	85	40	50	0	0	0
Philippines	1,200	595	600	15	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	15	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	55	80	40	20	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,200	1,150	1,050	105	50	60
Americas	315	135	180	35	15	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	225	95	125	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	15	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	15	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	15	20	15	10
Europe	50	20	30	40	25	20
France	0	0	0	40	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	40	15	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	10	0
Africa	890	565	325	10	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	20	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	65	30	35	0	0	0
Ethiopia	315	170	145	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	335	255	80	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	75	40	15	10	10
Asia	950	435	515	20	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	865	410	455	0	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	10	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	13,995	7,300	6,700	52,035	26,890	25,140
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,590	2,460	2,135	1,105	570	535
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,050	1,085	965	1,605	910	695
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	7,355	3,755	3,600	49,330	25,410	23,915
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,030	2,110	1,915	700	365	340
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,895	980	920	310	185	125
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	680	520	155	140	110	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,220	460	765	170	75	95
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	680	240	440	285	130	155
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,445	885	555	110	55	60
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	13,995	7,295	6,700	52,035	26,890	25,140
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	580	280	300	795	405	395
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	575	280	295	765	395	370
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	245	100	145	335	155	180
Métis	320	175	150	430	245	190
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	13,420	7,015	6,395	51,235	26,485	24,750
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	13,995	7,295	6,695	52,035	26,890	25,140
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	195	75	120	150	65	80
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,800	7,220	6,580	51,885	26,825	25,065
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	13,995	7,300	6,700	52,035	26,895	25,140
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	130	55	75	575	295	275
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	125	50	70	555	285	270
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	60	20	40	460	215	245
Métis single ancestry	65	30	30	90	70	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	600	320	280	2,120	970	1,150
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	585	315	265	2,095	965	1,125
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	300	170	130	1,885	875	1,010
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	260	140	120	190	90	105
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	15	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	0	15	30	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	20	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	13,265	6,925	6,340	49,345	25,625	23,715
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	13,995	7,295	6,695	52,035	26,890	25,140
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,150	2,800	2,350	735	365	365
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	325	170	155	0	0	0
Chinese	270	125	150	25	10	15
Black	1,995	1,155	835	320	145	175
Filipino	1,380	700	680	25	15	10
Latin American	600	325	270	215	95	120
Arab	70	40	25	90	65	20
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	180	105	80	40	15	25
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Japanese	70	50	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	55	25	30	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	115	65	55	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	8,845	4,495	4,350	51,300	26,525	24,775
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	13,995	7,300	6,700	52,035	26,890	25,145
North American Aboriginal origins	725	370	355	2,690	1,265	1,425
First Nations (North American Indian)	380	190	190	2,385	1,105	1,275
Inuit	25	10	15	35	0	30
Métis	345	170	170	320	175	145
Other North American origins	3,550	1,900	1,650	41,835	21,555	20,280
Acadian	0	0	0	665	330	330
American	235	85	150	150	70	80
Canadian	3,385	1,840	1,545	39,700	20,440	19,255
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	45	20	15
Québécois	0	0	0	1,840	965	875
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	6,885	3,410	3,480	16,445	8,575	7,875
British Isles origins	4,490	2,130	2,360	4,010	2,020	1,990
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,730	1,280	1,450	600	280	320
Irish	1,655	730	920	2,925	1,425	1,500
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,870	915	955	805	420	380
Welsh	185	85	100	15	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	170	90	80	90	40	45
French origins	1,015	530	485	11,300	5,945	5,360
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	85	30	55
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	1,020	535	490	11,230	5,910	5,315
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,570	1,185	1,380	1,200	615	585
Austrian	70	40	30	25	0	20
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	95	40	60	355	210	145
Dutch	445	210	235	35	10	25
Flemish	10	0	10	20	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,145	995	1,150	675	340	330
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swiss	20	0	15	120	50	70
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,010	520	495	70	35	30
Danish	200	70	130	0	0	0
Finnish	40	25	15	25	20	0
Icelandic	65	50	20	10	0	0
Norwegian	520	285	235	20	0	15
Swedish	285	130	160	10	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	50	25	20	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,355	700	650	595	305	290
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Czech	55	15	40	10	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	30	25	10	10	0	0
Estonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	185	95	95	40	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	350	180	170	270	155	120
Romanian	40	25	10	70	45	25
Russian	300	160	145	70	40	30
Slovak	15	15	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	635	300	335	180	90	85
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	360	165	200	2,340	1,190	1,145
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	100	70	30
Italian	205	100	110	1,670	840	830
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	315	160	150
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Slovenian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Spanish	105	20	85	310	150	155
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	0	15	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	65	35	30	135	70	65
Basque	0	0	0	20	15	0
Jewish	15	10	10	35	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	30	25	75	35	40
Caribbean origins	25	10	10	425	185	235
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	70	30	45
Dominican	0	0	0	60	35	25
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	280	120	160
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	0	15
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	655	375	285	320	130	190
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Belizean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	45	25	15
Colombian	300	145	160	20	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	55	30	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	40	20	20	30	0	20
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	170	120	50	90	35	60
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Salvadorean	100	65	35	55	30	25
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	10	15	0	0	0
African origins	2,195	1,265	930	175	115	60
Central and West African origins	285	145	145	10	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	150	65	85	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ibo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	75	45	30	10	10	0
North African origins	455	260	195	105	85	25
Algerian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	15	10	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	35	20	15	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	15	0	25	20	0
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	60	45	10
Sudanese	350	200	160	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	10	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,340	800	545	15	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Burundian	35	30	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	85	40	45	0	0	0
Ethiopian	470	230	235	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oromo	100	50	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	300	205	95	0	0	0
South African	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	330	225	105	0	0	0
Other African origins	140	75	70	50	20	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	140	75	70	40	15	20
Asian origins	2,475	1,270	1,205	230	115	115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	65	35	35	90	40	45
Afghan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	10	10	25	10	15
Armenian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	0	10	20	15	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	10
Turk	0	0	0	20	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	325	175	150	20	15	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	235	125	105	20	15	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	105	60	45	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,015	1,025	990	120	55	65
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	155	90	65	15	10	10
Chinese	310	140	165	40	15	20
Filipino	1,385	705	680	25	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	75	35	0	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	25	15	10	15
Laotian	25	10	15	10	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	40	15	25	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	20	0	15	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	65	40	35	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	5,045	...	...	21,605	...	...
Owner	3,325	...	...	16,675	...	...
Renter	1,720	...	...	4,935	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	5,045	...	...	21,610	...	...
Condominium	405	...	...	585	...	...
Not condominium	4,640	...	...	21,025	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	5,045	...	...	21,610	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	20	...	...
1 bedroom	315	...	...	2,235	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,085	...	...	7,785	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,610	...	...	7,515	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,035	...	...	4,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	5,050	...	...	21,610	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,185	...	...	5,765	...	...
5 rooms	905	...	...	4,215	...	...
6 rooms	695	...	...	3,590	...	...
7 rooms	625	...	...	3,085	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,630	...	...	4,950	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	5,050	...	...	21,605	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,845	...	...	21,470	...	...
More than 1 person per room	205	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	5,050	...	...	21,610	...	...
Suitable	4,655	...	...	20,920	...	...
Not suitable	390	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	5,045	...	...	21,610	...	...
1960 or before	430	...	...	3,770	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,190	...	...	6,435	...	...
1981 to 1990	520	...	...	2,435	...	...
1991 to 2000	885	...	...	2,480	...	...
2001 to 2005	510	...	...	1,460	...	...
2006 to 2010	390	...	...	2,640	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	125	...	...	2,385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	5,045	...	...	21,605	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,780	...	...	20,020	...	...
Major repairs needed	265	...	...	1,590	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	5,050	...	...	21,610	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,000	...	...	13,265	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,790	...	...	8,130	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	260	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	5,045	...	...	21,605	...	...
15 to 24 years	185	...	...	740	...	...
25 to 34 years	965	...	...	3,490	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,335	...	...	3,685	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,000	...	...	4,670	...	...
55 to 64 years	820	...	...	4,425	...	...
65 to 74 years	480	...	...	3,010	...	...
75 to 84 years	200	...	...	1,320	...	...
85 years and over	60	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	5,035	...	...	21,275	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,085	...	...	16,985	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	950	...	...	4,285	...	...
30% to less than 100%	890	...	...	3,895	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,325	...	...	16,405	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.9	...	...	71.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.7	...	...	15.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,257	...	...	945	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,253	...	...	963	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,772	...	...	199,688	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	275,591	...	...	204,427	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,720	...	...	4,890	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.4	...	...	5.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.9	...	...	34.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	989	...	...	751	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,030	...	...	763	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,710	5,605	5,105	42,235	21,760	20,480
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,935	1,635	1,295	13,205	7,295	5,915
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,685	2,010	1,675	9,060	4,320	4,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,090	1,960	2,130	19,975	10,150	9,825
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	995	740	255	11,105	6,760	4,340
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	370	190	175	7,555	3,865	3,685
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	630	550	80	3,550	2,895	655
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,510	465	1,040	5,565	2,175	3,390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	155	125	925	365	555
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,320	600	715	2,385	845	1,535
Bachelor's degree	985	415	565	1,845	605	1,240
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	35	50	220	95	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	50	0	50	25	25
Master's degree	160	85	75	240	95	135
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	15	15	35	20	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	7,815	4,115	3,705	29,430	15,150	14,275
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,660	915	745	7,375	4,300	3,080
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,750	1,530	1,220	6,065	2,960	3,100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,405	1,670	1,735	15,985	7,885	8,100
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	815	635	175	9,080	5,360	3,725
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	275	160	115	6,225	3,040	3,185
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	545	475	65	2,860	2,320	540
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,210	390	820	4,265	1,620	2,645
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	145	85	660	260	405
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,160	500	655	1,980	655	1,325
Bachelor's degree	885	360	525	1,535	460	1,075
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	25	45	175	75	100
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	40	10	45	20	25
Master's degree	135	70	70	200	85	115
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	15	20	20	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,710	5,605	5,105	42,235	21,760	20,480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,615	3,645	2,975	22,265	11,610	10,660
Education	445	130	310	1,215	260	960
13. Education	445	130	310	1,220	255	960
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20	525	220	310
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	125	75	50
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	20	400	140	260
Humanities	140	90	50	575	260	320
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	10	25	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	15	15	0	25	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	15	15	350	170	180
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	35	20	15
54. History	20	20	0	35	25	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	15	80
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	90	210	1,085	180	900
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	105	20	85
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	65	495	25	470
22. Legal professions and studies	70	20	50	165	25	145
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	35	15	20
42. Psychology	45	15	35	135	20	120
45. Social sciences	95	50	40	130	75	60
Business, management and public administration	735	190	545	3,590	735	2,855
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	10	50	165	20	145
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	680	185	495	3,425	715	2,710
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	30	75	255	145	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	50	90	40	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	20	25	15	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	40	20	20
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	55	45	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	45	25	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	65	50	455	265	185
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	50	35	380	240	140
25. Library science	15	0	10	40	10	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	30	15	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,025	970	60	6,605	6,175	435
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	95	55	45
14. Engineering	140	130	10	170	150	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	200	175	25	910	795	115
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	260	260	0	2,210	2,130	85
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	280	265	15	1,825	1,760	60
48. Precision production	140	130	10	1,395	1,285	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	70	70	655	425	230
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	105	55	50	560	350	210
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	20	90	75	20
Health and related fields	730	150	580	2,575	315	2,265
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	25	0	115	45	70
51. Health professions and related programs	680	105	575	2,460	270	2,185
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	15	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	310	140	165	2,435	1,180	1,255
12. Personal and culinary services	200	45	160	1,320	235	1,085
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	15	0	10	335	250	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	95	0	770	685	80
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	7,820	4,115	3,705	29,425	15,150	14,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,415	2,445	1,970	13,440	7,265	6,180
Education	360	100	255	825	170	655
13. Education	360	100	260	820	165	655
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	15	20	435	170	265
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	95	60	35
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	20	340	110	230
Humanities	105	70	35	410	165	245
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	10	30	0	25
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	15	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	0	235	115	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	10	10	10	10
54. History	10	10	0	30	20	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	90	20	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	85	185	920	140	780
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	65	15	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	55	420	20	405
22. Legal professions and studies	60	15	45	150	15	140
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	35	15	15
42. Psychology	40	10	25	130	15	115
45. Social sciences	90	50	40	115	55	60
Business, management and public administration	620	180	445	3,040	575	2,465
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	10	40	140	20	125
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	570	170	400	2,895	550	2,345
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	25	70	145	80	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	50	70	35	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	20	25	15	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	25	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	20	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	45	45	410	235	175
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	40	30	355	215	140
25. Library science	10	10	10	30	0	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	25	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	895	845	50	5,190	4,815	370
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	70	40	30
14. Engineering	140	130	10	145	130	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	155	140	15	715	620	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	220	220	0	1,720	1,640	85
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	240	230	10	1,460	1,400	55
48. Precision production	120	115	10	1,080	980	100
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	40	65	535	330	205
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	70	20	50	450	265	185
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	20	15	80	60	20
Health and related fields	565	125	445	2,110	280	1,830
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	20	10	105	45	65
51. Health professions and related programs	530	95	435	2,000	235	1,760
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	260	135	130	1,975	935	1,040
12. Personal and culinary services	170	45	120	1,095	170	920
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	245	180	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	80	0	635	575	55
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,710	5,605	5,105	42,240	21,760	20,480
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,615	3,640	2,975	22,265	11,610	10,655
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,095	1,960	2,130	19,975	10,150	9,825
Location of study inside Canada	3,030	1,400	1,630	19,695	9,965	9,725
Same as province or territory of residence	2,140	1,025	1,115	19,530	9,875	9,650
Different than province or territory of residence	885	375	510	165	90	75
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,060	560	505	285	185	95
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	45	10	10	10	0
Philippines	465	200	260	10	0	10
India	45	25	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	20	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	135	95	35
Other	440	265	180	135	75	60
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	7,820	4,115	3,705	29,425	15,150	14,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,415	2,450	1,965	13,440	7,265	6,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,405	1,670	1,740	15,985	7,890	8,095
Location of study inside Canada	2,415	1,155	1,255	15,765	7,745	8,020
Same as province or territory of residence	1,715	860	850	15,645	7,690	7,960
Different than province or territory of residence	700	300	405	115	60	55
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	990	510	480	225	145	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	10	10	10	0	0
Philippines	460	205	255	0	0	0
India	45	25	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	20	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	115	85	30
Other	415	255	160	105	50	50
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	10,710	5,605	5,105	42,240	21,760	20,480
In the labour force	7,985	4,545	3,435	27,515	14,980	12,530
Employed	7,250	4,075	3,170	25,490	13,740	11,755
Unemployed	735	470	265	2,015	1,235	780
Not in the labour force	2,720	1,060	1,670	14,725	6,780	7,945
Participation rate	74.6	81.1	67.3	65.1	68.8	61.2
Employment rate	67.7	72.7	62.1	60.3	63.1	57.4
Unemployment rate	9.2	10.3	7.7	7.3	8.2	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	10,705	5,605	5,105	42,240	21,760	20,480
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,525	1,015	1,510	14,140	6,450	7,690
Worked	8,180	4,590	3,590	28,100	15,310	12,790
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,140	2,540	1,600	12,820	7,185	5,635
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,040	2,050	1,990	15,280	8,130	7,150
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.5	42.1	42.1	42.2	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	7,990	4,550	3,435	27,510	14,975	12,530
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	100	95	610	335	280
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	7,790	4,450	3,345	26,895	14,645	12,255
Employee	7,115	4,005	3,110	23,145	12,280	10,865
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	675	445	235	3,750	2,365	1,385
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	7,990	4,550	3,440	27,510	14,980	12,530
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	100	95	610	335	280
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	7,790	4,445	3,345	26,900	14,645	12,250
0 Management occupations	590	350	245	2,290	1,500	790
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	775	155	625	3,460	755	2,705
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	260	215	45	790	565	220
3 Health occupations	345	85	260	1,510	180	1,335
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	595	180	415	2,395	465	1,930
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	25	40	400	165	230
6 Sales and service occupations	1,665	635	1,030	6,165	2,410	3,760
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,280	1,200	80	7,450	6,920	535
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	570	535	30	560	415	145
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,635	1,065	570	1,875	1,270	605
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	7,985	4,550	3,440	27,510	14,980	12,530
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	200	100	95	610	330	280
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	7,790	4,445	3,345	26,900	14,645	12,255
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	340	250	90	950	635	315
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	695	630	60	80	65	10
22 Utilities	55	40	15	135	115	20
23 Construction	475	440	35	3,620	3,165	455
31-33 Manufacturing	1,765	1,195	570	3,645	2,645	1,005
41 Wholesale trade	200	145	55	1,070	740	335
44-45 Retail trade	750	320	430	3,640	1,715	1,930
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	280	190	90	1,675	1,220	455
51 Information and cultural industries	35	20	10	235	145	90
52 Finance and insurance	145	20	125	470	80	390
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	95	55	45	295	180	120
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	260	155	100	935	420	515
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	20	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	290	175	115	1,345	855	485
61 Educational services	475	120	350	1,225	285	940
62 Health care and social assistance	570	85	490	3,180	360	2,820
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	50	45	345	195	150
72 Accommodation and food services	560	145	410	1,460	480	980
81 Other services (except public administration)	375	215	155	1,535	825	710
91 Public administration	335	185	145	1,035	525	510
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	7,250	4,075	3,170	25,495	13,740	11,750
Worked at home	250	100	150	1,910	900	1,015
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	20	15	0
No fixed workplace address	930	770	155	4,080	3,290	790
Worked at usual place	6,065	3,195	2,870	19,480	9,525	9,950
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,065	3,195	2,865	19,480	9,530	9,955
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,870	1,765	2,105	3,505	1,580	1,925
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,025	1,315	710	2,100	930	1,170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	160	115	50	13,860	7,010	6,850
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	15	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	6,995	3,970	3,025	23,560	12,820	10,745
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,450	3,165	2,280	21,410	11,780	9,635
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	840	420	420	925	480	450
Public transit	75	45	30	235	85	155
Walked	370	140	225	750	330	420
Bicycle	50	30	20	80	55	25
Other method	205	160	45	160	95	60
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	6,995	3,965	3,020	23,560	12,820	10,740
Less than 15 minutes	4,520	2,230	2,290	4,640	2,245	2,395
15 to 29 minutes	1,850	1,220	630	5,490	2,550	2,945
30 to 44 minutes	290	225	65	5,800	3,120	2,680
45 to 59 minutes	60	30	30	3,695	2,320	1,375
60 minutes and over	275	270	10	3,935	2,580	1,350
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	6,990	3,965	3,025	23,565	12,820	10,740
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	780	560	220	3,985	2,990	1,000
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,255	790	460	4,870	2,895	1,965
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,485	845	635	5,425	2,310	3,110
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,085	430	655	3,100	1,135	1,970
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	555	185	370	1,430	485	945
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,840	1,155	690	4,750	3,000	1,750
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	8,415	4,720	3,690	29,060	15,775	13,280
Single responses	8,390	4,705	3,680	28,245	15,315	12,935
Official languages	8,295	4,675	3,620	28,225	15,300	12,930
English	8,270	4,670	3,600	515	345	170
French	25	0	25	27,710	14,955	12,760
Non-official languages	95	30	60	25	15	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	35	60	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	20	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	20	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	15	20	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	15	0	10	0
Chinese languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	20	10	810	465	345
English and French	0	0	0	780	450	330
English and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	8,415	4,725	3,690	29,060	15,775	13,285
None	8,065	4,550	3,515	24,105	12,860	11,245
English	35	10	25	4,480	2,630	1,845
French	70	45	20	320	210	115
Non-official language	230	115	110	95	55	40
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	230	115	110	100	55	40
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	25
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	13,705	7,170	6,535	51,270	26,520	24,760
Non-movers	11,225	5,895	5,330	45,695	23,700	21,990
Movers	2,475	1,270	1,205	5,580	2,815	2,765
Non-migrants	1,740	925	820	1,820	895	920
Migrants	735	350	385	3,765	1,915	1,845
Internal migrants	455	210	245	3,735	1,905	1,830
Intraprovincial migrants	265	110	150	3,660	1,865	1,800
Interprovincial migrants	195	100	95	75	40	30
External migrants	280	135	140	30	15	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	12,825	6,710	6,115	48,445	24,960	23,485
Non-movers	6,300	3,310	2,990	31,155	16,245	14,915
Movers	6,530	3,405	3,125	17,285	8,720	8,570
Non-migrants	3,130	1,705	1,425	5,720	2,880	2,835
Migrants	3,390	1,695	1,700	11,570	5,835	5,730
Internal migrants	1,565	765	805	11,475	5,790	5,685
Intraprovincial migrants	930	465	465	11,400	5,740	5,660
Interprovincial migrants	635	300	335	75	45	35
External migrants	1,825	930	890	90	50	40

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brooks, CY [Census subdivision], Alberta and Montcalm, MRC [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Montcalm, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec