Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Mirabel, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brooks, CY Alberta [Census subdivision]			Mirabel, TÉ Quebec [Census division]
	Data quality , Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Mirabel, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	14,451	...	...	50,513	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	13,676	...	...	41,957	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.7	...	...	20.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	5,412	...	...	20,395	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	5,046	...	...	19,631	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	777.3	...	...	104.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18.59	...	...	485.07	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	14,450	7,480	6,975	50,515	25,230	25,280
0 to 14 years	3,290	1,700	1,595	11,125	5,655	5,465
0 to 4 years	1,170	630	545	3,685	1,855	1,830
5 to 9 years	1,120	570	545	3,945	2,005	1,940
10 to 14 years	1,005	495	505	3,500	1,795	1,705
15 to 64 years	9,615	5,100	4,515	34,475	17,205	17,265
15 to 19 years	955	490	465	3,060	1,515	1,550
20 to 24 years	790	445	350	3,075	1,545	1,530
25 to 29 years	945	470	475	3,505	1,710	1,800
30 to 34 years	1,240	645	590	3,850	1,880	1,970
35 to 39 years	1,340	705	630	4,100	1,995	2,105
40 to 44 years	1,215	680	530	3,750	1,905	1,845
45 to 49 years	930	525	410	3,830	1,925	1,905
50 to 54 years	825	415	410	3,740	1,915	1,825
55 to 59 years	755	415	335	3,140	1,615	1,525
60 to 64 years	620	315	305	2,415	1,195	1,215
65 years and over	1,545	675	870	4,915	2,370	2,545
65 to 69 years	485	245	240	1,945	960	985
70 to 74 years	350	160	190	1,445	705	740
75 to 79 years	240	105	130	775	390	385
80 to 84 years	190	70	120	435	185	250
85 years and over	285	90	190	310	130	180
85 to 89 years	150	55	90	205	100	115
90 to 94 years	100	25	75	85	30	60
95 to 99 years	35	10	25	15	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	5	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.8	22.7	22.9	22.0	22.4	21.6
15 to 64 years	66.5	68.2	64.7	68.2	68.2	68.3
65 years and over	10.7	9.0	12.5	9.7	9.4	10.1
85 years and over	2.0	1.2	2.7	0.6	0.5	0.7
Average age of the population	35.5	34.9	36.3	35.8	35.6	36.0
Median age of the population	35.0	35.0	35.1	35.8	35.8	35.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
Single-detached house	2,780	...	...	11,850	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	60	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,880	...	...	7,720	...	...
Semi-detached house	380	...	...	630	...	...
Row house	505	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	210	...	...	3,105	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	780	...	...	3,825	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	50	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	385	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
1 person	1,095	...	...	4,630	...	...
2 persons	1,575	...	...	6,475	...	...
3 persons	875	...	...	3,470	...	...
4 persons	825	...	...	3,550	...	...
5 or more persons	675	...	...	1,510	...	...
Number of persons in private households	13,995	...	...	50,305	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	11,155	5,780	5,380	39,385	19,575	19,815
Married or living common law	6,635	3,460	3,180	24,775	12,390	12,390
Married	5,585	2,930	2,650	11,670	5,850	5,820
Living common law	1,050	525	530	13,110	6,540	6,570
Not married and not living common law	4,520	2,325	2,200	14,610	7,185	7,425
Never married	2,930	1,750	1,180	10,845	5,805	5,040
Separated	350	165	180	480	200	275
Divorced	640	295	345	2,155	925	1,235
Widowed	600	115	490	1,130	260	875
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,700	...	...	14,740	...	...
2 persons	1,630	...	...	6,620	...	...
3 persons	800	...	...	3,420	...	...
4 persons	765	...	...	3,455	...	...
5 or more persons	505	...	...	1,250	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,700	...	...	14,745	...	...
Total couple families	3,040	...	...	12,280	...	...
Married couples	2,515	...	...	5,725	...	...
Common-law couples	525	...	...	6,555	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	665	...	...	2,460	...	...
Female parent	530	...	...	1,755	...	...
Male parent	130	...	...	705	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,040	...	...	12,280	...	...
Couples without children	1,280	...	...	5,255	...	...
Couples with children	1,765	...	...	7,025	...	...
1 child	600	...	...	2,555	...	...
2 children	695	...	...	3,255	...	...
3 or more children	465	...	...	1,215	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	660	...	...	2,465	...	...
1 child	355	...	...	1,370	...	...
2 children	200	...	...	865	...	...
3 or more children	105	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,535	1,625	910	6,375	3,390	2,990
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	5,045	...	...	19,635	...	...
One-census-family households	3,460	...	...	14,325	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,190	...	...	5,065	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,265	...	...	9,260	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	120	...	...	210	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,470	...	...	5,100	...	...
One-person households	1,100	...	...	4,635	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	370	...	...	470	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	14,335	7,435	6,905	50,450	25,205	25,245
English only	13,460	7,020	6,440	210	110	100
French only	55	30	30	28,910	13,695	15,215
English and French	475	255	225	21,255	11,345	9,905
Neither English nor French	350	135	210	80	50	30
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	14,335	7,435	6,905	50,450	25,205	25,245
English	13,665	7,105	6,555	1,290	685	605
French	235	125	105	48,760	24,290	24,470
English and French	100	65	40	325	175	150
Neither English nor French	340	135	205	75	50	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	280	155	120	1,445	775	675
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	2.1	1.7	2.9	3.1	2.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	14,335	7,430	6,905	50,455	25,205	25,245
Single responses	13,885	7,185	6,700	49,930	24,935	24,995
Official languages	9,470	4,795	4,680	48,615	24,255	24,355
English	9,300	4,710	4,590	1,050	570	485
French	170	90	85	47,565	23,685	23,875
Non-official languages	4,415	2,390	2,025	1,315	675	640
Aboriginal languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,400	2,385	2,015	1,315	675	640
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,365	765	600	200	110	90
Berber languages	10	5	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	995	565	430	0	0	0
Bilen	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oromo	430	230	205	0	0	0
Somali	550	330	225	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	355	195	160	200	110	90
Amharic	95	50	45	0	0	0
Arabic	205	110	90	200	105	90
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	30	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	60	55	60	25	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	95	45	50	30	10	20
Vietnamese	20	10	5	25	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,050	550	500	10	0	10
Bikol	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	145	65	75	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	40	25	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	790	415	380	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	40	20	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	40	20	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	10	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,115	630	490	820	435	385
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	85	45	40	65	30	35
Baltic languages	0	5	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Slavic languages	85	45	45	65	30	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	5	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	15	10	15
Russian	20	10	10	25	10	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	45	15	20	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	215	125	95	40	20	15
Afrikaans	15	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	25	5	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	165	100	60	30	20	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	50	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	210	120	85	5	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	175	105	75	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	45	30	0	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	75	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	605	340	265	645	340	305
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	105	55	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	190	95	95
Romanian	5	5	5	45	25	20
Spanish	590	330	265	300	160	140
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	25	20	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	160	80	75	35	15	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	0	5	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	15	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	75	35	45	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	25	20	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	175	95	80	0	0	0
Dinka	130	70	55	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	270	135	135	35	20	20
Chinese languages	270	135	135	35	20	15
Cantonese	35	15	20	5	5	5
Hakka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	100	105	25	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	15	50	25	25
Lao	15	10	10	45	25	25
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	20	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	20	25	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	0	0
Multiple responses	455	245	200	520	270	250
English and French	25	10	15	345	185	160
English and non-official language	380	205	180	40	20	15
French and non-official language	30	20	10	110	50	60
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	14,340	7,435	6,905	50,450	25,205	25,245
Single responses	13,275	6,865	6,415	49,800	24,865	24,935
Official languages	10,300	5,220	5,075	49,380	24,635	24,740
English	10,185	5,155	5,025	950	505	445
French	115	65	50	48,430	24,130	24,300
Non-official languages	2,980	1,645	1,335	420	225	195
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,975	1,640	1,335	420	230	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,145	650	500	45	30	20
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	895	510	390	0	0	0
Bilen	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	385	210	180	0	0	0
Somali	500	295	210	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	240	135	110	50	25	20
Amharic	80	45	35	0	0	0
Arabic	125	70	60	45	25	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	20	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	40	15	5	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	25	30	10	0	5
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	595	320	275	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	50	25	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	20	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	505	270	230	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	15	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	5	10	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	710	400	305	265	155	115
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	45	20	25	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	20	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	10	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	15	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	165	95	65	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	135	80	55	0	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	40	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	55	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	475	270	205	215	125	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	15	5	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Romanian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Spanish	475	265	205	135	90	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	15	20	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	15	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	115	65	45	0	0	0
Dinka	90	45	45	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	20	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	200	105	100	20	10	5
Chinese languages	200	105	100	15	10	10
Cantonese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	160	80	80	20	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	20	10	10
Lao	5	5	5	20	5	10
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,060	565	490	650	340	310
English and French	30	20	15	355	190	165
English and non-official language	985	525	460	40	20	20
French and non-official language	15	5	5	220	110	110
English, French and non-official language	30	20	10	40	25	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	14,340	7,430	6,905	50,450	25,205	25,245
None	12,265	6,320	5,945	46,115	23,000	23,110
English	1,120	610	510	2,970	1,505	1,465
French	85	40	40	610	320	295
Non-official language	810	425	385	595	290	305
Aboriginal	10	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	805	425	380	595	295	300
English and French	15	15	5	40	20	15
English and non-official language	30	20	10	90	50	40
French and non-official language	10	5	5	35	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	10,710	5,600	5,105	39,185	19,480	19,705
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,070	5,285	4,790	37,785	18,855	18,925
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,358	46,342	32,296	38,933	46,281	32,786
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,070	5,285	4,790	37,790	18,855	18,935
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,654	41,095	29,705	33,890	38,900	29,272
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,345	5,065	4,275	35,170	17,940	17,230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,633	45,672	29,688	35,167	43,655	27,909
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,215	2,610	3,605	27,460	12,245	15,220
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,618	3,248	5,278	5,773	4,236	6,918
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,530	4,710	3,820	31,330	16,220	15,115
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,633	45,053	29,911	35,582	43,549	29,142
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	10,710	5,605	5,105	39,185	19,480	19,705
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,080	5,230	4,845	37,760	18,860	18,905
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,950	58,793	36,257	44,473	51,540	37,422
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,080	5,230	4,850	37,765	18,860	18,905
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,630	48,725	31,901	36,423	41,090	31,767
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,345	5,050	4,295	35,165	17,880	17,280
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,983	57,549	34,554	41,438	49,402	33,200
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,235	2,575	3,660	27,775	12,505	15,270
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,073	6,490	7,483	8,003	7,097	8,745
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,530	4,705	3,825	31,335	16,165	15,170
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,787	54,343	33,024	41,206	48,023	33,941
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	10,710	5,600	5,105	39,180	19,475	19,705
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,040	2,480	1,565	14,610	7,880	6,735
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,628	52,881	41,868	49,069	56,907	41,571
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,387	64,197	46,582	53,930	61,208	45,414
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.6	94.2	84.1	87.0	91.2	81.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	79.3	82.9	73.0	76.7	79.7	72.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.4	5.7	16.0	13.0	8.8	19.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	10,710	5,605	5,105	39,180	19,480	19,705
Without total income	640	320	315	1,400	620	780
With total income	10,070	5,280	4,790	37,785	18,860	18,925
Percentage with total income	94.0	94.2	93.8	96.4	96.8	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,085	380	705	3,795	1,545	2,255
$10,000 to $19,999	1,155	435	715	5,430	2,055	3,375
$20,000 to $29,999	1,275	490	790	5,055	2,025	3,030
$30,000 to $39,999	1,295	540	760	5,165	2,290	2,875
$40,000 to $49,999	1,895	1,075	825	4,880	2,380	2,500
$50,000 to $59,999	880	520	360	3,930	2,130	1,810
$60,000 to $69,999	640	420	220	2,740	1,670	1,070
$70,000 to $79,999	420	305	115	2,325	1,485	840
$80,000 to $89,999	360	270	90	1,555	1,040	520
$90,000 to $99,999	280	200	85	935	710	230
$100,000 and over	785	650	135	1,965	1,535	430
$100,000 to $149,999	585	480	105	1,585	1,215	365
$150,000 and over	205	175	30	385	320	65
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,710	5,600	5,105	39,180	19,480	19,705
Without after-tax income	635	320	315	1,395	620	770
With after-tax income	10,075	5,280	4,790	37,795	18,860	18,930
Percentage with after-tax income	94.1	94.3	93.8	96.5	96.8	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,110	385	725	3,955	1,585	2,365
$10,000 to $19,999	1,220	460	755	5,785	2,215	3,565
$20,000 to $29,999	1,515	585	940	6,490	2,690	3,800
$30,000 to $39,999	2,065	1,045	1,020	6,830	3,280	3,545
$40,000 to $49,999	1,565	905	655	5,730	3,140	2,595
$50,000 to $59,999	860	580	285	3,780	2,270	1,515
$60,000 to $69,999	545	395	150	2,530	1,655	875
$70,000 to $79,999	385	285	105	1,235	900	335
$80,000 and over	800	645	155	1,460	1,125	330
$80,000 to $89,999	250	190	60	620	470	150
$90,000 to $99,999	195	155	40	325	245	80
$100,000 and over	350	300	55	520	410	105
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	10,705	5,605	5,105	39,185	19,475	19,705
Without employment income	2,180	895	1,285	7,850	3,260	4,590
With employment income	8,530	4,710	3,820	31,330	16,220	15,115
Percentage with employment income	79.7	84.0	74.8	80.0	83.3	76.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	775	310	465	3,275	1,625	1,650
$5,000 to $9,999	505	205	300	2,200	890	1,315
$10,000 to $19,999	920	375	545	4,265	1,730	2,535
$20,000 to $29,999	995	390	610	3,800	1,575	2,220
$30,000 to $39,999	965	430	530	3,880	1,695	2,185
$40,000 to $49,999	1,680	1,000	680	3,415	1,690	1,725
$50,000 to $59,999	655	425	230	2,915	1,700	1,210
$60,000 to $69,999	505	350	150	2,160	1,355	800
$70,000 to $79,999	345	270	70	1,935	1,240	695
$80,000 and over	1,185	950	235	3,490	2,715	775
$80,000 to $89,999	305	230	70	1,210	900	310
$90,000 to $99,999	255	175	80	780	615	165
$100,000 and over	630	545	85	1,500	1,195	305
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,866	...	...	75,895	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,198	...	...	63,940	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,100	...	...	4,630	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,776	...	...	38,946	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,583	...	...	33,484	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,950	...	...	15,000	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,504	...	...	89,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,584	...	...	75,205	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,761	...	...	85,546	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,142	...	...	70,062	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,095	...	...	4,630	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,227	...	...	43,983	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,863	...	...	36,001	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,950	...	...	15,000	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,821	...	...	98,375	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,470	...	...	80,576	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	110	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	45	...	...	125	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	300	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	595	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	165	...	...	605	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	125	...	...	595	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	140	...	...	750	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	170	...	...	800	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	215	...	...	835	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	220	...	...	865	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	350	...	...	1,700	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	335	...	...	1,580	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	370	...	...	1,535	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	465	...	...	1,500	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	355	...	...	1,275	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,885	...	...	6,465	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	675	...	...	2,610	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	470	...	...	1,690	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	475	...	...	1,545	...	...
$200,000 and over	260	...	...	620	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,045	...	...	19,635	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	130	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	135	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	70	...	...	310	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	120	...	...	620	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	180	...	...	720	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	145	...	...	755	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	170	...	...	960	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	235	...	...	1,055	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	245	...	...	1,050	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	235	...	...	1,130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	415	...	...	2,095	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	480	...	...	2,030	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	510	...	...	1,770	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	430	...	...	1,585	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	355	...	...	1,390	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,375	...	...	3,900	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	655	...	...	2,180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	340	...	...	995	...	...
$150,000 and over	375	...	...	720	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,685	...	...	14,660	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,557	...	...	89,058	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,731	...	...	74,906	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,180	...	...	4,955	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,595	...	...	76,203	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,393	...	...	64,192	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,770	...	...	7,075	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,792	...	...	111,767	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,051	...	...	92,412	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	610	...	...	2,365	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,488	...	...	56,606	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,736	...	...	50,069	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,685	...	...	14,680	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,319	...	...	97,834	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,435	...	...	80,067	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,175	...	...	4,970	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	107,426	...	...	84,961	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,104	...	...	69,370	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,745	...	...	7,110	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,337	...	...	118,475	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,017	...	...	96,766	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	635	...	...	2,335	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,936	...	...	63,051	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,740	...	...	52,294	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,185	1,425	760	5,695	3,080	2,620
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	41,612	43,362	35,285	37,356	42,663	31,248
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,086	38,864	32,592	32,188	35,874	28,026
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,155	1,420	730	5,695	3,135	2,565
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	47,550	49,208	44,319	42,662	46,216	38,314
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,483	41,446	38,607	35,092	37,484	32,166
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	13,995	7,295	6,700	50,300	25,135	25,170
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,275	3,755	3,525	25,005	12,080	12,920
In the bottom decile	990	500	495	2,450	1,185	1,265
In the second decile	1,270	590	690	3,965	1,770	2,195
In the third decile	1,475	760	710	5,685	2,715	2,970
In the fourth decile	1,640	855	785	6,115	2,990	3,120
In the fifth decile	1,900	1,050	845	6,790	3,420	3,370
In the top half of the distribution	6,720	3,545	3,180	25,300	13,050	12,250
In the sixth decile	1,640	845	790	7,100	3,625	3,475
In the seventh decile	1,655	860	795	6,540	3,300	3,240
In the eighth decile	1,305	690	615	5,755	3,015	2,740
In the ninth decile	1,220	655	565	3,995	2,090	1,910
In the top decile	900	490	410	1,905	1,020	890
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	13,995	7,295	6,700	50,305	25,135	25,170
0 to 17 years	3,915	2,015	1,900	12,955	6,545	6,410
0 to 5 years	1,370	735	635	4,435	2,240	2,195
18 to 64 years	8,930	4,740	4,195	32,560	16,265	16,290
65 years and over	1,145	545	605	4,785	2,315	2,465
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,430	640	785	4,170	1,910	2,260
0 to 17 years	625	325	300	1,115	565	555
0 to 5 years	255	135	120	340	180	155
18 to 64 years	695	280	410	2,325	1,080	1,245
65 years and over	115	40	70	730	270	460
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.2	8.8	11.7	8.3	7.6	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	16.0	16.1	15.8	8.6	8.6	8.7
0 to 5 years (%)	18.6	18.4	18.9	7.7	8.0	7.1
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	5.9	9.8	7.1	6.6	7.6
65 years and over (%)	10.0	7.3	11.6	15.3	11.7	18.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	705	370	340	1,885	910	975
0 to 17 years	265	135	125	425	215	210
0 to 5 years	115	70	45	125	75	55
18 to 64 years	415	220	200	1,245	630	610
65 years and over	30	15	15	220	65	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.0	5.1	5.1	3.7	3.6	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	6.7	6.6	3.3	3.3	3.3
0 to 5 years (%)	8.4	9.5	7.1	2.8	3.3	2.5
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.6	4.8	3.8	3.9	3.7
65 years and over (%)	2.6	2.8	2.5	4.6	2.8	6.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	13,995	7,300	6,695	50,305	25,135	25,170
Official languages	13,665	7,185	6,480	50,260	25,115	25,150
English	13,605	7,145	6,460	21,460	11,490	9,970
French	565	315	250	50,050	25,000	25,055
Non-official languages	4,955	2,670	2,285	2,875	1,375	1,500
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,950	2,670	2,280	2,870	1,375	1,500
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,535	890	645	240	135	105
Berber languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	1,005	615	395	0	0	0
Bilen	15	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	490	250	240	0	0	0
Somali	505	355	150	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	605	330	270	240	135	105
Amharic	170	95	75	0	0	0
Arabic	380	210	170	235	130	105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	75	55	25	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	110	60	45	15	0	10
Vietnamese	10	10	10	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,315	670	645	20	0	15
Bikol	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	85	40	45	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	65	45	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,200	600	605	25	0	15
Waray-Waray	45	30	15	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	10	10	160	85	75
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	155	80	75
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	0	10	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,280	695	585	2,195	1,050	1,145
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	105	55	45	100	40	65
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	55	45	100	40	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10	45	20	30
Russian	60	30	35	20	10	10
Serbian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	30	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	195	100	95	95	60	35
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	25	40	10	0	0
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	80	60	20	85	55	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	265	150	115	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	220	120	100	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125	60	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Urdu	90	55	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	25	15	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	40	25	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	725	390	330	1,960	940	1,025
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	10	320	180	135
Portuguese	0	0	0	345	155	195
Romanian	0	10	0	40	20	15
Spanish	710	385	330	1,335	610	725
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	0	10	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	20	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	285	150	130	50	30	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	25	0	15	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	35	30	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	165	85	85	0	0	0
Wolof	25	20	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	35	10	20	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	195	115	85	0	0	0
Dinka	150	80	70	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	45	35	20	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	60	15	40
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	40	15	25
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	20	10	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	260	110	145	85	45	40
Chinese languages	260	115	145	80	45	40
Cantonese	70	35	35	15	0	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	175	70	105	65	35	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	25	25	45	10	35
Lao	30	10	15	35	10	30
Thai	20	15	0	10	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	45	15	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	13,995	7,300	6,700	50,305	25,135	25,170
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	11,070	5,745	5,330	49,870	24,915	24,960
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,215	1,710	1,500	12,935	6,560	6,375
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	7,860	4,030	3,830	36,945	18,355	18,585
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,925	1,555	1,370	430	220	210
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	13,995	7,295	6,700	50,305	25,135	25,170
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,440	4,855	4,580	48,630	24,325	24,305
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,215	2,220	1,995	1,605	765	840
Before 1981	200	115	85	445	265	185
1981 to 1990	185	105	80	210	90	120
1991 to 2000	315	160	155	305	135	175
2001 to 2010	1,315	695	620	480	200	280
2001 to 2005	395	200	200	245	100	145
2006 to 2010	920	495	425	240	100	135
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,205	1,155	1,050	160	70	85
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	340	215	125	70	45	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,220	2,220	1,995	1,600	765	840
Under 5 years	385	190	195	325	130	190
5 to 14 years	775	415	360	295	145	150
15 to 24 years	775	380	395	350	150	200
25 to 44 years	2,025	1,135	885	605	325	280
45 years and over	260	100	165	30	15	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,215	2,220	1,995	1,605	765	835
Americas	495	230	270	380	175	200
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	15
Colombia	280	135	150	35	10	30
El Salvador	60	30	25	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	85	45	35
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	70	35	30	60	20	35
Peru	0	0	0	20	15	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	15	20	65	35	25
Other places of birth in Americas	45	20	25	100	50	55
Europe	260	140	115	695	350	350
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	340	175	165
Germany	20	20	0	25	15	10
Greece	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	20	25	0
Netherlands	70	25	45	0	0	0
Poland	15	10	10	20	0	25
Portugal	0	10	0	160	70	90
Romania	10	10	0	45	25	25
Russian Federation	0	10	0	15	10	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	25	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	30	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	55	30	20
Africa	1,680	990	695	240	125	110
Algeria	15	10	0	50	35	15
Egypt	30	20	10	20	10	10
Ethiopia	500	255	245	0	0	0
Kenya	35	15	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	65	40	30
Nigeria	60	35	25	0	0	0
Somalia	420	310	115	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	585	330	255	100	45	55
Asia	1,770	860	905	285	110	180
Afghanistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	195	90	105	110	25	80
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	105	55	55	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	0	10	25	15	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pakistan	85	40	50	0	0	0
Philippines	1,200	595	600	20	0	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	15	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	55	80	55	20	30
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,200	1,150	1,050	160	75	85
Americas	315	135	180	30	10	15
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	225	95	125	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	45	15	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	15	0	0	0
Europe	50	20	30	45	20	25
France	0	0	0	40	20	20
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	40	15	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	890	565	325	30	20	15
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	20	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	20	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	65	30	35	0	0	0
Ethiopia	315	170	145	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	0	10
Nigeria	15	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	335	255	80	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	115	75	40	15	10	10
Asia	950	435	515	50	20	30
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	30	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	15	0	10	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	865	410	455	0	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	13,995	7,300	6,700	50,305	25,135	25,170
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,590	2,460	2,135	1,725	835	890
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,050	1,085	965	2,490	1,285	1,205
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	7,355	3,755	3,600	46,085	23,010	23,075
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,030	2,110	1,915	1,205	530	680
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,895	980	920	620	290	330
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	680	520	155	290	180	115
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,220	460	765	330	115	220
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	680	240	440	400	160	235
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,445	885	555	145	65	85
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	45	15	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	13,995	7,295	6,700	50,305	25,135	25,170
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	580	280	300	575	265	310
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	575	280	295	540	260	280
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	245	100	145	215	100	115
Métis	320	175	150	325	155	165
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	13,420	7,015	6,395	49,730	24,865	24,860
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	13,995	7,295	6,695	50,305	25,135	25,170
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	195	75	120	105	45	60
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	13,800	7,220	6,580	50,200	25,090	25,110
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	13,995	7,300	6,700	50,305	25,130	25,170
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	130	55	75	530	255	275
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	125	50	70	520	250	270
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	60	20	40	410	195	215
Métis single ancestry	65	30	30	105	50	50
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	600	320	280	1,690	810	880
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	585	315	265	1,640	785	860
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	300	170	130	1,440	675	765
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	260	140	120	175	85	85
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	30	25	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	0	15	50	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	50	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	13,265	6,925	6,340	48,080	24,070	24,010
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	13,995	7,295	6,695	50,305	25,135	25,170
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,150	2,800	2,350	1,445	715	730
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	325	170	155	50	10	35
Chinese	270	125	150	150	40	110
Black	1,995	1,155	835	495	280	220
Filipino	1,380	700	680	25	0	20
Latin American	600	325	270	290	140	145
Arab	70	40	25	230	135	85
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	180	105	80	165	65	95
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	65	35	30	10	10	10
Korean	25	10	20	20	20	0
Japanese	70	50	20	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	55	25	30	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	115	65	55	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	8,845	4,495	4,350	48,860	24,420	24,440
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	13,995	7,300	6,700	50,305	25,135	25,170
North American Aboriginal origins	725	370	355	2,220	1,065	1,160
First Nations (North American Indian)	380	190	190	1,905	900	1,005
Inuit	25	10	15	45	30	15
Métis	345	170	170	340	175	170
Other North American origins	3,550	1,900	1,650	39,275	19,560	19,720
Acadian	0	0	0	275	130	145
American	235	85	150	210	80	130
Canadian	3,385	1,840	1,545	37,775	18,775	19,000
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	1,330	715	610
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	6,885	3,410	3,480	17,630	8,900	8,730
British Isles origins	4,490	2,130	2,360	4,215	2,150	2,060
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	2,730	1,280	1,450	995	455	540
Irish	1,655	730	920	2,845	1,480	1,365
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,870	915	955	900	455	440
Welsh	185	85	100	15	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	170	90	80	65	15	50
French origins	1,015	530	485	12,065	6,185	5,885
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	135	80	60
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,020	535	490	11,970	6,125	5,845
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,570	1,185	1,380	1,365	650	710
Austrian	70	40	30	40	15	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	95	40	60	410	190	220
Dutch	445	210	235	115	65	45
Flemish	10	0	10	15	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,145	995	1,150	665	300	365
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	20	0	15	135	70	65
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,010	520	495	60	55	10
Danish	200	70	130	15	15	0
Finnish	40	25	15	10	0	0
Icelandic	65	50	20	0	0	0
Norwegian	520	285	235	25	25	0
Swedish	285	130	160	0	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	50	25	20	15	10	0
Eastern European origins	1,355	700	650	665	310	355
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Czech	55	15	40	45	15	30
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	30	25	10	10	10	10
Estonian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	185	95	95	110	45	65
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	350	180	170	220	125	90
Romanian	40	25	10	75	35	40
Russian	300	160	145	70	40	35
Slovak	15	15	0	30	15	20
Ukrainian	635	300	335	115	40	75
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	360	165	200	2,805	1,340	1,470
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	20	0	20	10	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	130	60	70
Italian	205	100	110	1,895	930	965
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	0	550	250	300
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	105	20	85	280	120	165
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	15	10	0	20	10	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	65	35	30	50	35	20
Basque	0	0	0	15	15	10
Jewish	15	10	10	20	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	45	30	25	15	0	10
Caribbean origins	25	10	10	390	210	175
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	45	20	20
Dominican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	285	155	125
Jamaican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	25	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	655	375	285	445	215	230
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Colombian	300	145	160	90	25	55
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	40	25	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	40	20	20	15	10	15
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	170	120	50	95	45	55
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Salvadorean	100	65	35	0	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	10	15	10	10	0
African origins	2,195	1,265	930	420	245	175
Central and West African origins	285	145	145	95	45	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	15	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	150	65	85	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	10	60	30	25
Ibo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	10	15	15	10	10
Liberian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malian	10	10	10	10	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	15	10	10
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	75	45	30	0	0	0
North African origins	455	260	195	240	145	95
Algerian	15	10	10	55	30	25
Berber	0	0	0	10	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	35	20	15	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	15	0	55	30	30
Libyan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	100	65	30
Sudanese	350	200	160	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	10	15	45	35	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,340	800	545	20	15	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Burundian	35	30	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	85	40	45	0	0	0
Ethiopian	470	230	235	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	100	50	50	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	300	205	95	0	0	0
South African	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	330	225	105	0	0	0
Other African origins	140	75	70	60	45	20
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	140	75	70	60	40	20
Asian origins	2,475	1,270	1,205	890	405	490
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	65	35	35	415	220	195
Afghan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	10	10	100	65	45
Armenian	10	0	10	0	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	20	0	10	185	105	80
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	0	15	65	45	25
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	110	45	60
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	30	25	10
South Asian origins	325	175	150	85	35	50
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	15	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	235	125	105	55	20	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	105	60	45	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,015	1,025	990	395	145	250
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	155	90	65	40	15	20
Chinese	310	140	165	195	55	135
Filipino	1,385	705	680	25	0	30
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	75	35	30	10	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	15	25	25	20	10
Laotian	25	10	15	55	20	40
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	40	15	25	15	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	20	0	55	30	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	65	40	35	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
Owner	3,325	...	...	13,895	...	...
Renter	1,720	...	...	5,735	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
Condominium	405	...	...	1,850	...	...
Not condominium	4,640	...	...	17,785	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	15	...	...
1 bedroom	315	...	...	2,165	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,085	...	...	5,360	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,610	...	...	7,535	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,035	...	...	4,555	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	5,050	...	...	19,630	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,185	...	...	4,815	...	...
5 rooms	905	...	...	3,555	...	...
6 rooms	695	...	...	2,545	...	...
7 rooms	625	...	...	2,725	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,630	...	...	5,995	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	5,050	...	...	19,630	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,845	...	...	19,550	...	...
More than 1 person per room	205	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	5,050	...	...	19,630	...	...
Suitable	4,655	...	...	19,190	...	...
Not suitable	390	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
1960 or before	430	...	...	1,700	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,190	...	...	2,385	...	...
1981 to 1990	520	...	...	1,770	...	...
1991 to 2000	885	...	...	3,545	...	...
2001 to 2005	510	...	...	2,960	...	...
2006 to 2010	390	...	...	3,100	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	125	...	...	4,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	5,045	...	...	19,630	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,780	...	...	18,935	...	...
Major repairs needed	265	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	5,050	...	...	19,630	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,000	...	...	10,395	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,790	...	...	9,030	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	260	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	5,045	...	...	19,635	...	...
15 to 24 years	185	...	...	635	...	...
25 to 34 years	965	...	...	3,745	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,335	...	...	4,540	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,000	...	...	4,470	...	...
55 to 64 years	820	...	...	3,300	...	...
65 to 74 years	480	...	...	1,990	...	...
75 to 84 years	200	...	...	765	...	...
85 years and over	60	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	5,035	...	...	19,350	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,085	...	...	16,225	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	950	...	...	3,120	...	...
30% to less than 100%	890	...	...	2,905	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,325	...	...	13,645	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.9	...	...	78.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.7	...	...	11.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,257	...	...	1,243	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,253	...	...	1,220	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,772	...	...	278,738	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	275,591	...	...	293,834	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,720	...	...	5,720	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.4	...	...	3.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.9	...	...	27.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	989	...	...	825	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,030	...	...	830	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,710	5,605	5,105	39,185	19,480	19,705
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,935	1,635	1,295	7,655	4,160	3,495
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,685	2,010	1,675	8,580	4,160	4,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,090	1,960	2,130	22,945	11,155	11,790
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	995	740	255	9,340	5,810	3,525
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	370	190	175	6,670	3,540	3,130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	630	550	80	2,665	2,270	395
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,510	465	1,040	7,465	3,085	4,380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	155	125	1,325	440	890
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,320	600	715	4,810	1,820	2,990
Bachelor's degree	985	415	565	3,690	1,375	2,320
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	35	50	320	110	210
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	50	0	80	30	55
Master's degree	160	85	75	640	265	380
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	15	15	80	50	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	7,815	4,115	3,705	28,265	14,060	14,205
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,660	915	745	3,625	2,120	1,500
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,750	1,530	1,220	5,580	2,740	2,845
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,405	1,670	1,735	19,060	9,200	9,860
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	815	635	175	7,725	4,735	2,985
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	275	160	115	5,495	2,835	2,655
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	545	475	65	2,235	1,905	330
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,210	390	820	6,035	2,535	3,495
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	145	85	1,090	365	730
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,160	500	655	4,210	1,560	2,645
Bachelor's degree	885	360	525	3,240	1,175	2,060
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	25	45	280	90	190
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	40	10	75	20	50
Master's degree	135	70	70	555	235	320
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	10	15	65	35	30
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,710	5,605	5,105	39,185	19,480	19,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,615	3,645	2,975	16,240	8,325	7,915
Education	445	130	310	1,620	270	1,350
13. Education	445	130	310	1,625	270	1,350
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	45	25	20	770	270	500
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	20	0	140	90	50
50. Visual and performing arts	25	0	20	630	180	450
Humanities	140	90	50	780	240	540
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	10	80	15	70
23. English language and literature/letters	15	15	0	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	15	15	530	165	360
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	15	20	20	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	30	15	25	10	15
54. History	20	20	0	35	20	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	15	65
Social and behavioural sciences and law	300	90	210	1,535	320	1,215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	145	35	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	70	0	65	545	25	515
22. Legal professions and studies	70	20	50	245	60	185
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	10	15	10	10
42. Psychology	45	15	35	265	40	230
45. Social sciences	95	50	40	320	155	165
Business, management and public administration	735	190	545	5,045	1,530	3,515
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	10	50	240	20	220
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	680	185	495	4,805	1,505	3,295
Physical and life sciences and technologies	110	30	75	565	230	340
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	50	195	60	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	10	20	100	55	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	150	55	95
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	70	45	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	65	50	675	425	245
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	85	50	35	555	385	170
25. Library science	15	0	10	55	0	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	50	40	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,025	970	60	6,145	5,710	435
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	145	90	50
14. Engineering	140	130	10	515	440	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	200	175	25	1,215	1,065	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	260	260	0	1,775	1,735	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	280	265	15	1,530	1,455	80
48. Precision production	140	130	10	970	920	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	140	70	70	495	280	215
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	105	55	50	405	220	185
03. Natural resources and conservation	35	20	20	95	60	35
Health and related fields	730	150	580	2,625	380	2,245
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	25	0	165	95	70
51. Health professions and related programs	680	105	575	2,450	290	2,160
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	15	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	310	140	165	2,680	1,495	1,185
12. Personal and culinary services	200	45	160	1,140	240	900
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	15	0	10	675	475	195
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	95	0	860	770	90
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	7,820	4,115	3,705	28,265	14,060	14,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,415	2,445	1,970	9,205	4,860	4,345
Education	360	100	255	1,315	220	1,090
13. Education	360	100	260	1,310	220	1,090
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	15	20	645	190	455
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	115	65	45
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	20	525	120	405
Humanities	105	70	35	555	155	400
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	10	70	0	60
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	15	0	365	120	250
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	10	15	10	0
54. History	10	10	0	30	10	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	10	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	85	185	1,335	275	1,060
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	105	30	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	55	455	20	435
22. Legal professions and studies	60	15	45	225	50	175
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	10	0
42. Psychology	40	10	25	245	30	215
45. Social sciences	90	50	40	290	140	150
Business, management and public administration	620	180	445	4,260	1,280	2,980
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	10	40	195	20	180
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	570	170	400	4,055	1,260	2,795
Physical and life sciences and technologies	100	25	70	360	155	200
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	50	160	55	105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	0	20	60	35	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	15	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	60	45	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	45	10	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	45	45	580	370	210
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	70	40	30	495	340	160
25. Library science	10	10	10	45	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	40	25	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	895	845	50	5,125	4,720	405
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	135	90	40
14. Engineering	140	130	10	470	395	75
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	155	140	15	1,035	890	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	220	220	0	1,430	1,385	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	240	230	10	1,275	1,210	70
48. Precision production	120	115	10	785	750	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	40	65	420	240	180
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	70	20	50	335	180	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	20	15	80	55	25
Health and related fields	565	125	445	2,230	340	1,890
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	20	10	145	80	65
51. Health professions and related programs	530	95	435	2,065	255	1,815
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	15	0	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	260	135	130	2,245	1,260	990
12. Personal and culinary services	170	45	120	935	175	760
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	545	390	150
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	80	0	770	695	80
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,710	5,605	5,105	39,180	19,480	19,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,615	3,640	2,975	16,235	8,320	7,915
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,095	1,960	2,130	22,945	11,155	11,795
Location of study inside Canada	3,030	1,400	1,630	22,495	10,910	11,585
Same as province or territory of residence	2,140	1,025	1,115	22,140	10,715	11,425
Different than province or territory of residence	885	375	510	350	190	155
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,060	560	505	450	245	205
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	45	10	45	25	20
Philippines	465	200	260	15	0	15
India	45	25	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	20	30	15	10
France	10	10	0	135	85	45
Other	440	265	180	225	115	110
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	7,820	4,115	3,705	28,265	14,060	14,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,415	2,450	1,965	9,205	4,860	4,345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,405	1,670	1,740	19,060	9,200	9,855
Location of study inside Canada	2,415	1,155	1,255	18,685	9,010	9,670
Same as province or territory of residence	1,715	860	850	18,410	8,860	9,550
Different than province or territory of residence	700	300	405	275	150	120
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	990	510	480	375	195	185
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	10	10	40	25	15
Philippines	460	205	255	20	0	15
India	45	25	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	0	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	10	20	30	15	15
France	0	10	0	100	60	45
Other	415	255	160	185	90	95
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	10,710	5,605	5,105	39,180	19,480	19,705
In the labour force	7,985	4,545	3,435	29,565	15,280	14,285
Employed	7,250	4,075	3,170	28,160	14,505	13,650
Unemployed	735	470	265	1,410	775	635
Not in the labour force	2,720	1,060	1,670	9,615	4,200	5,420
Participation rate	74.6	81.1	67.3	75.5	78.4	72.5
Employment rate	67.7	72.7	62.1	71.9	74.5	69.3
Unemployment rate	9.2	10.3	7.7	4.8	5.1	4.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	10,705	5,605	5,105	39,185	19,480	19,705
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,525	1,015	1,510	8,910	3,840	5,065
Worked	8,180	4,590	3,590	30,270	15,635	14,635
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,140	2,540	1,600	14,860	8,080	6,780
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,040	2,050	1,990	15,415	7,560	7,855
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.5	42.1	43.6	43.8	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	7,990	4,550	3,435	29,565	15,280	14,285
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	100	95	405	185	220
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	7,790	4,450	3,345	29,160	15,095	14,070
Employee	7,115	4,005	3,110	25,415	12,920	12,495
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	675	445	235	3,750	2,175	1,575
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	7,990	4,550	3,440	29,565	15,280	14,285
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	195	100	95	405	190	215
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	7,790	4,445	3,345	29,160	15,095	14,070
0 Management occupations	590	350	245	3,040	1,865	1,175
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	775	155	625	4,425	1,095	3,335
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	260	215	45	1,680	1,265	410
3 Health occupations	345	85	260	1,875	245	1,625
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	595	180	415	3,295	840	2,460
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	70	25	40	635	200	435
6 Sales and service occupations	1,665	635	1,030	6,500	2,650	3,850
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,280	1,200	80	5,675	5,410	270
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	570	535	30	540	430	115
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,635	1,065	570	1,500	1,095	400
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	7,985	4,550	3,440	29,565	15,280	14,285
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	200	100	95	405	190	215
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	7,790	4,445	3,345	29,160	15,095	14,070
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	340	250	90	720	470	255
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	695	630	60	70	70	0
22 Utilities	55	40	15	230	165	70
23 Construction	475	440	35	3,115	2,725	395
31-33 Manufacturing	1,765	1,195	570	3,735	2,730	1,005
41 Wholesale trade	200	145	55	1,215	825	390
44-45 Retail trade	750	320	430	3,995	1,860	2,140
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	280	190	90	1,660	1,115	545
51 Information and cultural industries	35	20	10	485	305	175
52 Finance and insurance	145	20	125	675	215	460
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	95	55	45	340	180	160
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	260	155	100	1,520	660	865
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	20	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	290	175	115	1,240	700	540
61 Educational services	475	120	350	1,755	375	1,385
62 Health care and social assistance	570	85	490	3,405	400	3,005
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	95	50	45	555	245	310
72 Accommodation and food services	560	145	410	1,575	575	1,000
81 Other services (except public administration)	375	215	155	1,310	615	700
91 Public administration	335	185	145	1,525	875	655
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	7,250	4,075	3,170	28,155	14,510	13,645
Worked at home	250	100	150	2,045	995	1,050
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	20	20	10
No fixed workplace address	930	770	155	3,595	2,860	735
Worked at usual place	6,065	3,195	2,870	22,495	10,635	11,860
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,065	3,195	2,865	22,490	10,635	11,860
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,870	1,765	2,105	4,770	2,365	2,405
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,025	1,315	710	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	160	115	50	17,660	8,240	9,420
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	60	30	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	6,995	3,970	3,025	26,090	13,495	12,595
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,450	3,165	2,280	23,665	12,325	11,345
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	840	420	420	750	340	410
Public transit	75	45	30	720	365	360
Walked	370	140	225	600	290	305
Bicycle	50	30	20	125	75	45
Other method	205	160	45	225	95	125
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	6,995	3,965	3,020	26,090	13,495	12,595
Less than 15 minutes	4,520	2,230	2,290	5,140	2,335	2,800
15 to 29 minutes	1,850	1,220	630	9,485	4,355	5,130
30 to 44 minutes	290	225	65	5,905	3,380	2,525
45 to 59 minutes	60	30	30	2,535	1,555	985
60 minutes and over	275	270	10	3,020	1,865	1,155
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	6,990	3,965	3,025	26,090	13,495	12,595
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	780	560	220	3,655	2,900	755
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,255	790	460	5,415	3,260	2,155
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,485	845	635	6,880	2,745	4,130
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,085	430	655	3,770	1,285	2,480
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	555	185	370	2,165	805	1,360
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,840	1,155	690	4,210	2,490	1,720
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	8,415	4,720	3,690	31,010	15,965	15,045
Single responses	8,390	4,705	3,680	29,520	15,160	14,355
Official languages	8,295	4,675	3,620	29,500	15,150	14,355
English	8,270	4,670	3,600	1,275	775	500
French	25	0	25	28,230	14,375	13,860
Non-official languages	95	30	60	20	15	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	95	35	60	20	15	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	15	20	15	15	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	20	15	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	15	15	15	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	20	10	1,490	800	685
English and French	0	0	0	1,450	785	670
English and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	8,415	4,725	3,690	31,010	15,965	15,045
None	8,065	4,550	3,515	21,490	10,705	10,785
English	35	10	25	8,360	4,560	3,795
French	70	45	20	1,030	635	395
Non-official language	230	115	110	80	45	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	230	115	110	75	40	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	35	20	20
French and non-official language	15	0	10	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	13,705	7,170	6,535	49,540	24,780	24,760
Non-movers	11,225	5,895	5,330	43,265	21,675	21,585
Movers	2,475	1,270	1,205	6,270	3,095	3,175
Non-migrants	1,740	925	820	2,470	1,175	1,295
Migrants	735	350	385	3,800	1,925	1,875
Internal migrants	455	210	245	3,785	1,920	1,865
Intraprovincial migrants	265	110	150	3,740	1,900	1,845
Interprovincial migrants	195	100	95	40	20	15
External migrants	280	135	140	20	0	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	12,825	6,710	6,115	46,620	23,310	23,315
Non-movers	6,300	3,310	2,990	26,855	13,670	13,185
Movers	6,530	3,405	3,125	19,770	9,640	10,125
Non-migrants	3,130	1,705	1,425	7,010	3,330	3,680
Migrants	3,390	1,695	1,700	12,760	6,310	6,455
Internal migrants	1,565	765	805	12,630	6,260	6,370
Intraprovincial migrants	930	465	465	12,510	6,205	6,305
Interprovincial migrants	635	300	335	120	60	65
External migrants	1,825	930	890	130	50	80

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brooks, CY [Census subdivision], Alberta and Mirabel, TÉ [Census division], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 8, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Mirabel, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Mirabel, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brooks, City [Census subdivision], Alberta and Mirabel, Territoire équivalent [Census division], Quebec