Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lethbridge [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lethbridge Alberta [Federal electoral district]			Oakview, RM Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Lethbridge [Federal electoral district], Alberta Map : Lethbridge [Federal electoral district], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	117,394	...	...	1,626	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	105,999	...	...	1,513^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	10.8	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	48,317	...	...	659	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	45,696	...	...	625	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	39.5	...	...	1.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,975.08	...	...	1,147.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	117,395	58,090	59,305	1,625	845	780
0 to 14 years	22,425	11,535	10,890	315	170	145
0 to 4 years	7,810	3,970	3,840	95	50	50
5 to 9 years	7,800	4,090	3,710	120	65	55
10 to 14 years	6,820	3,480	3,340	95	55	40
15 to 64 years	76,700	38,300	38,400	1,055	550	510
15 to 19 years	7,080	3,570	3,505	85	40	45
20 to 24 years	9,320	4,670	4,650	100	60	40
25 to 29 years	9,125	4,620	4,500	95	45	50
30 to 34 years	8,510	4,355	4,155	105	50	55
35 to 39 years	7,475	3,745	3,730	80	40	40
40 to 44 years	6,770	3,415	3,355	75	35	35
45 to 49 years	6,575	3,300	3,275	100	50	50
50 to 54 years	7,320	3,605	3,715	130	60	75
55 to 59 years	7,695	3,745	3,945	165	100	70
60 to 64 years	6,840	3,270	3,565	125	60	60
65 years and over	18,265	8,255	10,010	255	135	125
65 to 69 years	5,835	2,775	3,055	100	50	55
70 to 74 years	4,255	2,015	2,240	60	40	20
75 to 79 years	3,065	1,390	1,675	40	15	25
80 to 84 years	2,410	1,075	1,330	25	15	15
85 years and over	2,705	990	1,715	25	15	15
85 to 89 years	1,680	665	1,015	15	5	10
90 to 94 years	790	270	525	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	205	50	155	5	5	0
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.1	19.9	18.4	19.4	20.1	18.6
15 to 64 years	65.3	65.9	64.8	64.9	65.1	65.4
65 years and over	15.6	14.2	16.9	15.7	16.0	16.0
85 years and over	2.3	1.7	2.9	1.5	1.8	1.9
Average age of the population	38.6	37.7	39.6	40.6	40.4	40.8
Median age of the population	36.4	35.4	37.5	42.3	41.9	42.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	45,700	...	...	625	...	...
Single-detached house	30,560	...	...	570	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	760	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,030	...	...	15	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,500	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	2,325	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,900	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,285	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,340	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
1 person	11,845	...	...	140	...	...
2 persons	16,935	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	6,725	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	5,895	...	...	80	...	...
5 or more persons	4,305	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	113,920	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	94,965	46,550	48,415	1,310	675	635
Married or living common law	55,860	27,995	27,865	905	450	455
Married	47,270	23,720	23,545	785	395	390
Living common law	8,595	4,280	4,320	125	60	65
Not married and not living common law	39,100	18,555	20,550	405	225	180
Never married	25,610	14,100	11,510	270	170	105
Separated	1,860	800	1,060	30	10	10
Divorced	6,515	2,610	3,910	60	35	30
Widowed	5,115	1,040	4,070	45	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	31,605	...	...	480	...	...
2 persons	16,805	...	...	280	...	...
3 persons	5,975	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	5,415	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	3,410	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	31,600	...	...	480	...	...
Total couple families	27,070	...	...	435	...	...
Married couples	22,780	...	...	370	...	...
Common-law couples	4,295	...	...	60	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,535	...	...	50	...	...
Female parent	3,550	...	...	35	...	...
Male parent	980	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	27,070	...	...	430	...	...
Couples without children	14,015	...	...	250	...	...
Couples with children	13,055	...	...	185	...	...
1 child	4,780	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	5,030	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	3,245	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,530	...	...	50	...	...
1 child	2,785	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	1,200	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	550	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	21,595	10,815	10,785	190	125	60
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
One-census-family households	30,270	...	...	470	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,500	...	...	250	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	16,760	...	...	220	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	650	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	14,775	...	...	150	...	...
One-person households	11,840	...	...	140	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,935	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	115,855	57,465	58,390	1,625	850	775
English only	109,420	54,430	54,990	1,585	835	750
French only	35	15	15	0	0	0
English and French	5,250	2,450	2,800	35	10	25
Neither English nor French	1,155	575	580	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	115,855	57,470	58,390	1,630	850	775
English	113,530	56,285	57,250	1,615	840	770
French	985	515	470	5	5	0
English and French	220	110	100	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,120	555	565	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,090	575	520	5	5	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	1.0	0.9	0.3	0.6	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	115,855	57,470	58,385	1,630	850	775
Single responses	114,365	56,725	57,645	1,625	850	780
Official languages	97,365	48,310	49,060	1,455	765	690
English	96,305	47,755	48,550	1,450	765	685
French	1,065	555	505	5	5	0
Non-official languages	17,005	8,420	8,585	170	85	90
Aboriginal languages	295	135	165	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	285	125	155	0	0	0
Blackfoot	260	115	145	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	5	5	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	16,705	8,290	8,420	170	80	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	580	325	255	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	15	15	0	0	0
Somali	30	20	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	520	290	230	0	0	5
Amharic	55	25	25	0	0	0
Arabic	405	230	175	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	55	30	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	235	105	125	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	215	95	120	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,215	535	680	5	0	5
Bikol	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	60	25	35	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,055	460	595	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	45	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	25	25	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	12,175	6,100	6,080	170	80	85
Albanian	60	40	25	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,355	600	755	10	10	5
Baltic languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,325	585	740	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	30	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	185	80	100	5	0	5
Czech	60	30	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	445	185	260	0	0	0
Russian	145	65	80	0	0	0
Serbian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	55	25	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	270	115	160	10	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,760	3,395	3,360	140	70	70
Afrikaans	95	45	45	0	0	0
Danish	45	30	20	0	0	0
Dutch	2,025	1,025	1,000	35	20	20
Frisian	30	20	15	0	0	0
German	4,495	2,255	2,245	105	50	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	15	15	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	15	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	30	10	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	1,945	990	950	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,635	835	800	0	0	0
Bengali	95	50	45	0	0	0
Gujarati	150	90	65	0	0	0
Hindi	65	35	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	965	475	490	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	135	75	60	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	145	75	70	0	0	0
Iranian languages	305	155	150	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	35	10	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	245	130	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,020	1,045	975	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	270	140	130	5	0	0
Portuguese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Romanian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Spanish	1,585	830	755	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	380	165	215	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	195	90	105	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	295	165	130	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	25	10	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	90	50	45	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	55	30	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	35	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Dinka	60	35	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	945	450	495	0	0	0
Chinese languages	905	430	480	5	0	5
Cantonese	455	210	245	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	345	170	170	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	85	40	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	5	0	0	0
Thai	35	5	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	365	180	185	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	30	15	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	325	160	165	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,485	740	745	5	0	0
English and French	195	105	95	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,215	610	605	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	115,855	57,465	58,385	1,630	845	775
Single responses	113,245	56,210	57,035	1,615	840	770
Official languages	105,215	52,135	53,080	1,500	790	710
English	104,905	51,970	52,940	1,495	790	705
French	310	165	145	0	5	0
Non-official languages	8,025	4,075	3,955	110	50	60
Aboriginal languages	75	30	50	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	80	30	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	70	25	45	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,950	4,050	3,905	110	55	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	445	250	200	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	15	15	0	0	0
Somali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	400	220	175	0	0	0
Amharic	40	20	20	0	0	0
Arabic	310	175	135	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	170	80	90	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	70	90	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	640	340	300	0	0	0
Bikol	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	45	30	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	560	290	270	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,490	2,790	2,695	110	55	60
Albanian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	385	185	200	10	5	5
Baltic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	380	185	195	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	140	60	80	0	0	0
Russian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	5	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,555	1,295	1,265	100	50	55
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	245	125	120	15	5	10
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	2,225	1,125	1,105	85	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,390	700	690	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,190	600	590	0	0	0
Bengali	60	35	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	115	60	55	0	0	0
Hindi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	800	395	410	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	195	95	100	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	25	10	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	165	85	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,145	605	540	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	15	25	0	0	0
Romanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	1,015	545	470	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	140	55	85	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	135	60	75	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	115	65	50	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	15	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	55	30	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Dinka	30	20	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	20	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	600	290	310	5	0	5
Chinese languages	575	270	305	0	0	5
Cantonese	280	120	155	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	220	110	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,610	1,260	1,350	15	5	10
English and French	120	60	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,445	1,175	1,265	10	5	5
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	20	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	115,855	57,465	58,385	1,625	850	780
None	106,285	52,750	53,530	1,550	805	740
English	3,620	1,860	1,760	40	20	20
French	955	420	535	0	0	5
Non-official language	4,840	2,360	2,485	35	15	15
Aboriginal	395	180	215	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,445	2,175	2,270	35	15	20
English and French	30	10	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	30	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	40	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	91,850	45,265	46,585	1,240	655	590
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,240	43,490	44,745	1,210	640	570
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,099	46,207	29,976	34,731	39,680	29,248
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	88,255	43,495	44,760	1,210	640	575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,688	40,685	27,937	30,592	34,645	26,240
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	81,505	41,190	40,315	1,150	625	530
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,647	44,884	27,587	31,539	35,840	25,280
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,775	23,515	33,260	850	405	445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,505	4,552	5,882	5,216	4,064	5,664
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	68,865	35,690	33,170	1,045	580	465
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,069	44,901	28,775	30,400	34,816	25,056
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	91,855	45,260	46,585	1,245	655	595
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,420	43,635	44,785	1,225	645	575
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,771	58,358	39,430	38,729	44,636	32,067
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	88,425	43,635	44,785	1,220	645	575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,277	48,459	34,279	32,045	36,245	27,308
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	81,885	41,395	40,490	1,160	635	525
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,198	57,036	37,139	35,721	41,198	29,134
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,745	23,515	33,230	900	435	465
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,885	7,883	7,886	6,532	6,504	6,558
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	68,870	35,630	33,240	1,045	580	460
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,878	53,226	35,929	33,266	37,316	28,168
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	91,850	45,265	46,585	1,250	655	595
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	31,880	18,685	13,195	525	345	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,496	59,734	47,453	39,440	41,875	38,194
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,997	68,008	53,483	43,179	45,709	38,329
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.6	92.8	84.8	87.2	90.1	83.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.4	75.1	68.3	76.8	80.1	71.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.4	7.1	15.2	12.4	9.6	16.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	91,850	45,265	46,585	1,245	650	585
Without total income	3,615	1,770	1,840	30	15	15
With total income	88,240	43,490	44,750	1,210	640	570
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.1	96.1	97.2	98.5	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,180	3,850	6,325	150	70	80
$10,000 to $19,999	13,270	5,020	8,255	210	95	115
$20,000 to $29,999	13,170	5,370	7,805	165	75	90
$30,000 to $39,999	10,395	4,600	5,800	175	90	85
$40,000 to $49,999	9,500	4,715	4,785	170	90	80
$50,000 to $59,999	7,800	4,265	3,535	100	65	35
$60,000 to $69,999	5,955	3,660	2,295	90	55	30
$70,000 to $79,999	4,470	2,910	1,560	55	35	20
$80,000 to $89,999	3,250	2,060	1,190	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,705	1,685	1,020	25	15	10
$100,000 and over	7,540	5,350	2,185	40	25	15
$100,000 to $149,999	5,415	3,700	1,715	30	20	10
$150,000 and over	2,130	1,655	470	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	91,850	45,260	46,590	1,240	655	585
Without after-tax income	3,595	1,770	1,825	30	15	15
With after-tax income	88,255	43,495	44,760	1,215	640	570
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.1	96.1	98.0	97.7	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,470	3,925	6,540	155	65	85
$10,000 to $19,999	13,835	5,270	8,560	225	100	125
$20,000 to $29,999	15,060	6,190	8,865	210	95	115
$30,000 to $39,999	12,820	5,970	6,855	235	125	110
$40,000 to $49,999	11,000	5,915	5,085	160	90	70
$50,000 to $59,999	7,930	4,805	3,130	110	75	35
$60,000 to $69,999	5,365	3,435	1,925	55	35	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,870	2,470	1,395	35	20	15
$80,000 and over	7,905	5,515	2,395	30	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	2,720	1,710	1,010	15	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,630	1,140	490	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	3,560	2,665	895	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	91,850	45,265	46,585	1,245	655	590
Without employment income	22,980	9,570	13,415	200	75	125
With employment income	68,865	35,695	33,175	1,040	575	465
Percentage with employment income	75.0	78.9	71.2	83.5	87.8	78.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,860	3,415	4,445	150	85	70
$5,000 to $9,999	5,215	2,170	3,050	95	40	55
$10,000 to $19,999	9,085	3,860	5,220	145	80	70
$20,000 to $29,999	7,625	3,215	4,410	120	55	65
$30,000 to $39,999	7,475	3,385	4,095	140	75	65
$40,000 to $49,999	6,960	3,555	3,405	120	70	55
$50,000 to $59,999	6,005	3,430	2,575	80	50	30
$60,000 to $69,999	4,670	2,960	1,710	70	45	20
$70,000 to $79,999	3,410	2,325	1,090	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	10,565	7,390	3,175	75	50	20
$80,000 to $89,999	2,645	1,725	925	25	20	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,290	1,450	840	20	10	5
$100,000 and over	5,630	4,215	1,415	30	20	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,452	...	...	67,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,779	...	...	58,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,845	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,690	...	...	36,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,387	...	...	31,808	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	33,855	...	...	485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,956	...	...	79,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,587	...	...	66,731	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,367	...	...	75,729	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	79,874	...	...	62,659	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,840	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,396	...	...	33,416	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,496	...	...	28,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	33,855	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,801	...	...	86,343	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,652	...	...	71,278	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	595	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	410	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	635	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,325	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,185	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,520	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,685	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,010	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,850	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,835	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,595	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,390	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,230	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,915	...	...	45	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,640	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,870	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,510	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,615	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,880	...	...	25	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,865	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
Under $5,000	645	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	430	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	640	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,390	...	...	30	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,300	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,790	...	...	30	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,995	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,300	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,155	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,245	...	...	30	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,235	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,015	...	...	70	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,680	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,240	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,820	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,815	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,075	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,925	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,815	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,620	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,773	...	...	77,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,250	...	...	65,792	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,270	...	...	245	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	84,177	...	...	72,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,885	...	...	62,592	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	13,135	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,937	...	...	96,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,543	...	...	81,920	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,210	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,319	...	...	40,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,215	...	...	36,523	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,590	...	...	480	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,075	...	...	85,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,642	...	...	70,492	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,265	...	...	250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	105,634	...	...	81,411	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,221	...	...	67,880	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	13,145	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,799	...	...	101,182	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,001	...	...	81,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,230	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,489	...	...	48,320	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,152	...	...	42,494	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	19,005	9,585	9,420	170	115	55
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,259	35,682	29,659	37,760	42,368	27,680
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,823	32,061	27,982	31,957	34,688	23,872
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,975	9,660	9,320	175	110	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,362	45,907	38,688	35,768	40,657	27,625
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,479	38,918	33,952	30,207	33,178	25,259
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	113,920	56,615	57,310	1,540	815	730
In the bottom half of the distribution	55,145	26,570	28,575	885	450	435
In the bottom decile	9,275	4,430	4,845	135	75	65
In the second decile	10,925	5,015	5,905	200	95	105
In the third decile	11,550	5,530	6,020	210	100	105
In the fourth decile	11,675	5,785	5,885	170	90	80
In the fifth decile	11,725	5,810	5,915	170	85	85
In the top half of the distribution	58,775	30,040	28,730	650	365	290
In the sixth decile	11,870	5,975	5,895	185	100	85
In the seventh decile	11,585	5,915	5,670	170	90	80
In the eighth decile	11,865	6,035	5,830	115	65	50
In the ninth decile	11,845	6,130	5,715	135	75	55
In the top decile	11,610	5,995	5,620	50	25	25
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	113,920	56,610	57,310	1,540	815	725
0 to 17 years	25,995	13,310	12,685	345	180	160
0 to 5 years	9,165	4,705	4,460	120	60	60
18 to 64 years	71,620	35,685	35,935	950	505	445
65 years and over	16,310	7,620	8,685	245	125	120
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,760	5,865	6,890	255	130	130
0 to 17 years	3,900	1,950	1,950	80	40	40
0 to 5 years	1,585	760	825	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	7,500	3,435	4,065	125	65	55
65 years and over	1,360	485	880	55	25	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.2	10.4	12.0	16.6	16.0	17.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.0	14.7	15.4	23.2	22.2	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.3	16.2	18.5	20.8	25.0	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	10.5	9.6	11.3	13.2	12.9	12.4
65 years and over (%)	8.3	6.4	10.1	22.4	20.0	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,425	3,605	3,820	60	35	30
0 to 17 years	1,950	990	965	15	15	5
0 to 5 years	745	365	385	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	5,215	2,490	2,720	40	20	15
65 years and over	260	125	135	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.5	6.4	6.7	3.9	4.3	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	7.5	7.4	7.6	4.3	8.3	3.1
0 to 5 years (%)	8.1	7.8	8.6	4.2	8.3	8.3
18 to 64 years (%)	7.3	7.0	7.6	4.2	4.0	3.4
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.6	1.6	4.1	4.0	4.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	113,920	56,570	57,350	1,540	815	725
Official languages	112,940	56,130	56,805	1,540	815	725
English	112,905	56,115	56,790	1,540	815	720
French	5,240	2,420	2,820	30	0	25
Non-official languages	20,485	10,310	10,175	105	60	45
Aboriginal languages	680	310	365	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	650	295	360	0	0	0
Blackfoot	610	275	335	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,820	10,010	9,810	110	55	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	795	435	360	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	85	30	55	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	40	15	25	0	0	0
Somali	45	20	30	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	715	400	310	0	0	0
Amharic	80	45	35	0	0	0
Arabic	490	275	220	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	155	110	45	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	290	130	155	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	270	125	150	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,645	760	890	0	0	10
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	125	70	60	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	45	20	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	60	20	40	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,530	705	825	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	25	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	140	80	55	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	45	45	0	0	0
Tamil	35	30	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	14,020	7,170	6,850	100	60	40
Albanian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,535	740	795	25	0	20
Baltic languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,515	730	790	25	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	100	55	50	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	175	80	90	10	0	10
Czech	105	55	50	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	450	195	250	0	0	0
Russian	350	185	165	0	0	0
Serbian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	65	30	35	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	330	140	190	15	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,900	3,480	3,420	75	50	25
Afrikaans	115	60	60	0	0	0
Danish	45	35	10	10	0	10
Dutch	2,535	1,240	1,290	35	20	15
Frisian	45	35	15	0	0	0
German	4,115	2,100	2,010	50	30	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	225	120	105	0	0	0
Greek	35	15	15	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	2,230	1,175	1,055	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,815	955	855	0	0	0
Bengali	105	65	45	0	0	0
Gujarati	175	100	80	0	0	0
Hindi	325	195	130	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	1,035	525	510	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	260	135	125	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Urdu	155	90	65	0	0	0
Iranian languages	425	220	200	0	0	0
Kurdish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Pashto	120	50	65	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	370	205	165	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,660	1,980	1,675	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	375	185	195	0	0	0
Portuguese	75	50	20	0	0	0
Romanian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Spanish	3,160	1,700	1,460	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	545	265	280	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	255	125	130	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	610	330	285	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	90	60	25	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	65	30	35	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	20	15	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	15	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	185	90	100	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	155	65	90	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	55	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	80	50	35	0	0	0
Dinka	45	35	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	35	10	20	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	60	65	0	0	0
American Sign Language	85	35	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	25	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,035	475	560	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,020	460	560	0	0	0
Cantonese	600	255	345	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	370	165	200	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	75	40	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	100	40	60	0	0	0
Lao	45	25	20	0	0	0
Thai	70	20	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	10	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	455	220	235	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	70	50	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	380	165	215	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	113,920	56,570	57,350	1,540	820	725
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	107,165	53,105	54,060	1,495	790	705
Canadian citizens aged under 18	24,670	12,525	12,150	345	185	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	82,495	40,580	41,915	1,145	605	540
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,755	3,465	3,290	45	30	20
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	113,925	56,575	57,350	1,540	815	720
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	96,895	47,960	48,935	1,420	745	670
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	15,365	7,700	7,665	120	70	50
Before 1981	4,870	2,410	2,460	10	0	10
1981 to 1990	1,465	710	760	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,880	940	935	45	30	20
2001 to 2010	3,750	1,935	1,815	65	40	25
2001 to 2005	1,210	620	595	20	15	10
2006 to 2010	2,540	1,315	1,225	45	25	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,405	1,710	1,690	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,660	915	750	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	15,365	7,700	7,665	125	70	50
Under 5 years	1,890	985	905	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	3,540	1,835	1,700	20	0	15
15 to 24 years	3,340	1,690	1,655	30	30	0
25 to 44 years	5,575	2,645	2,930	40	25	20
45 years and over	1,020	545	475	25	15	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15,365	7,700	7,665	125	75	50
Americas	3,660	1,815	1,850	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	115	45	70	0	0	0
El Salvador	580	330	255	0	0	0
Guyana	45	25	20	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	15	0	0	0	0
Mexico	1,085	580	505	0	0	0
Peru	35	10	25	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,170	525	650	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	575	255	315	0	0	0
Europe	5,845	2,990	2,845	115	75	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	115	60	55	0	0	0
Croatia	60	40	20	0	0	0
France	40	10	25	0	0	0
Germany	590	290	300	20	20	0
Greece	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungary	190	90	100	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Italy	205	100	110	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,500	780	725	30	15	10
Poland	315	140	180	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	105	65	40	0	0	0
Russian Federation	95	45	50	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	35	30	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	180	65	115	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,825	960	865	65	40	30
Other places of birth in Europe	490	270	220	0	0	0
Africa	1,195	670	530	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	45	40	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	110	60	55	0	0	0
Kenya	85	50	35	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	155	85	70	0	0	0
Somalia	40	15	20	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	160	75	85	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	575	330	240	0	0	0
Asia	4,510	2,145	2,365	10	0	10
Afghanistan	190	95	95	0	0	0
Bangladesh	70	35	35	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	520	240	280	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	50	15	35	0	0	0
India	415	210	200	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	95	60	35	0	0	0
Iraq	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	145	70	75	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	125	65	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	105	60	45	0	0	0
Philippines	1,225	510	715	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	40	20	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	140	65	75	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	10	30	0	0	0
Viet Nam	240	135	110	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,105	545	560	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	150	80	70	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,405	1,710	1,690	0	0	0
Americas	480	245	240	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	35	10	25	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	115	65	50	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	110	40	70	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	195	115	75	0	0	0
Europe	415	250	165	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	55	25	35	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	200	120	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	90	60	25	0	0	0
Africa	355	195	160	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	55	25	30	0	0	0
Ethiopia	70	30	40	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	80	55	25	0	0	0
Somalia	35	15	15	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	95	65	30	0	0	0
Asia	2,125	1,010	1,115	0	0	0
Afghanistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	10	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	85	40	40	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	135	70	70	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	50	30	20	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	310	160	150	0	0	0
Pakistan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Philippines	830	360	470	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	15	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	140	65	75	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	395	195	200	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Australia	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	113,920	56,575	57,350	1,540	820	725
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	17,800	9,005	8,800	120	75	50
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	23,460	11,510	11,950	190	100	90
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	72,655	36,055	36,600	1,225	650	580
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10,640	5,355	5,285	115	70	45
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	4,975	2,585	2,385	110	60	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,905	1,225	680	45	40	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,065	1,360	1,710	55	25	35
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,580	1,110	1,465	15	10	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,995	1,605	1,390	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	95	55	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	113,920	56,570	57,350	1,540	815	720
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,135	2,890	3,235	90	55	40
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,810	2,760	3,050	95	55	40
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,745	1,780	1,965	45	25	20
Métis	2,015	960	1,055	50	30	20
Inuk (Inuit)	45	15	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	140	55	85	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	185	85	100	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	107,790	53,680	54,110	1,450	765	685
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	113,920	56,570	57,350	1,540	820	725
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,505	1,625	1,885	35	20	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	110,410	54,950	55,460	1,500	800	705
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	113,920	56,570	57,350	1,540	820	725
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,555	1,215	1,340	35	20	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,505	1,190	1,310	35	15	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,235	1,055	1,180	10	10	10
Métis single ancestry	245	120	120	20	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	25	15	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	50	20	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	45	20	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,910	2,360	2,550	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,690	2,260	2,430	60	25	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,710	1,360	1,350	45	30	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,925	885	1,040	15	0	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	15	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	215	100	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	205	90	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	106,460	53,000	53,460	1,445	775	675
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	113,920	56,570	57,350	1,540	820	725
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	12,355	6,270	6,085	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,135	1,175	960	0	0	0
Chinese	1,295	595	700	0	0	0
Black	1,925	1,055	875	0	0	0
Filipino	1,815	815	1,005	0	0	10
Latin American	1,665	850	820	0	0	0
Arab	300	150	145	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	650	330	325	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	440	225	215	0	0	0
Korean	260	125	130	0	0	0
Japanese	1,475	750	730	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	105	50	55	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	285	150	130	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	101,565	50,300	51,260	1,535	815	715
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	113,920	56,570	57,350	1,540	820	725
North American Aboriginal origins	7,465	3,575	3,890	95	45	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,215	2,535	2,675	60	35	25
Inuit	100	40	60	0	0	0
Métis	2,430	1,120	1,305	40	15	25
Other North American origins	27,815	13,670	14,145	495	230	265
Acadian	145	65	80	0	0	0
American	3,080	1,450	1,630	25	0	25
Canadian	25,770	12,730	13,040	475	235	240
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	50	30	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	15	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	88,690	43,780	44,915	1,280	680	600
British Isles origins	51,530	25,215	26,320	925	480	440
Channel Islander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	31,035	14,955	16,070	610	325	280
Irish	16,925	8,020	8,910	295	155	145
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	22,105	10,820	11,285	420	205	215
Welsh	2,835	1,330	1,510	45	20	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,590	1,170	1,420	35	20	15
French origins	10,415	4,910	5,500	140	80	60
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	10,410	4,915	5,495	140	80	65
Western European origins (except French origins)	40,350	20,000	20,350	310	150	155
Austrian	1,170	515	655	10	0	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	855	385	465	65	20	45
Dutch	14,560	7,285	7,280	75	35	45
Flemish	60	30	25	0	0	0
Frisian	45	25	20	0	0	0
German	26,675	13,155	13,520	160	95	70
Luxembourger	40	20	15	0	0	0
Swiss	1,035	445	585	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	12,400	5,905	6,500	130	65	70
Danish	2,485	1,185	1,300	35	10	20
Finnish	600	265	335	15	10	10
Icelandic	710	330	375	30	15	15
Norwegian	5,725	2,715	3,010	0	10	0
Swedish	3,515	1,655	1,860	45	15	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	605	340	260	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	22,000	10,430	11,570	245	130	120
Bulgarian	65	45	20	0	0	0
Byelorussian	60	45	20	0	0	0
Czech	1,390	660	725	35	20	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	805	385	415	0	0	0
Estonian	45	15	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	3,940	1,805	2,135	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	260	125	135	0	0	0
Moldovan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Polish	5,065	2,295	2,770	80	40	35
Romanian	870	470	405	0	0	0
Russian	4,220	1,930	2,285	0	0	0
Slovak	635	295	335	0	0	0
Ukrainian	8,585	4,140	4,445	185	95	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	0	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,445	3,225	3,215	25	0	25
Albanian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Bosnian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	575	290	285	20	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	180	160	15	0	15
Italian	3,745	1,915	1,825	0	0	0
Kosovar	50	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	200	90	105	0	0	0
Serbian	130	75	60	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	225	90	130	0	0	0
Spanish	1,020	485	535	10	0	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	320	150	170	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	755	355	400	0	10	0
Basque	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	180	95	90	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	50	20	35	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	490	235	255	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	385	200	185	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	45	15	40	0	0	0
Dominican	30	30	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	125	70	60	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	15	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,965	1,530	1,435	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	65	35	35	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Belizean	55	35	25	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Chilean	135	80	60	0	0	0
Colombian	175	70	105	0	0	0
Costa Rican	30	15	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Guatemalan	80	50	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	0	20	0	0	0
Hispanic	105	55	50	0	0	0
Honduran	65	30	40	0	0	0
Maya	35	30	10	0	0	0
Mexican	1,185	590	590	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	55	30	30	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Peruvian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Salvadorean	650	370	285	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	95	40	60	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	135	60	70	0	0	0
African origins	2,120	1,155	965	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	560	300	265	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	75	45	25	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	15	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	170	90	75	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	275	140	130	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	20	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	300	190	115	0	0	0
Algerian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber	25	10	15	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	15	15	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	80	55	30	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	195	125	70	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	775	435	340	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	165	110	60	0	0	0
Ethiopian	165	90	75	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	60	25	40	0	0	0
South African	210	110	95	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Other African origins	530	265	265	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	0	15	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	515	260	260	0	0	0
Asian origins	9,325	4,605	4,720	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	965	480	485	10	10	0
Afghan	240	110	125	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	90	45	40	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	185	100	85	0	0	0
Iraqi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kurd	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	135	85	45	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	140	55	80	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	45	15	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	15	0	15	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	60	30	30	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,400	1,335	1,065	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	80	45	30	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	575	280	295	0	0	0
East Indian	1,095	635	465	0	0	0
Goan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	630	330	300	0	0	0
Pakistani	110	60	45	0	0	0
Punjabi	95	70	25	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	60	40	20	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	5,970	2,795	3,170	0	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese	1,560	715	845	10	0	0
Filipino	1,920	855	1,060	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Japanese	1,805	880	920	0	0	0
Karen	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	270	135	130	0	0	0
Laotian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	60	10	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	450	225	230	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	450	210	235	0	0	0
Australian	240	115	120	0	0	0
New Zealander	90	50	45	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	125	50	70	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	35	15	20	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
Owner	32,400	...	...	550	...	...
Renter	13,295	...	...	80	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
Condominium	4,445	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	41,250	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
No bedrooms	160	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,280	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,130	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,870	...	...	245	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	18,255	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,820	...	...	50	...	...
5 rooms	6,465	...	...	120	...	...
6 rooms	6,380	...	...	110	...	...
7 rooms	6,620	...	...	145	...	...
8 or more rooms	17,415	...	...	200	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	45,700	...	...	625	...	...
One person or fewer per room	45,100	...	...	625	...	...
More than 1 person per room	600	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
Suitable	44,225	...	...	600	...	...
Not suitable	1,470	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
1960 or before	8,855	...	...	220	...	...
1961 to 1980	13,055	...	...	240	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,195	...	...	35	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,655	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,855	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,090	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,985	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	43,095	...	...	565	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,600	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	45,695	...	...	625	...	...
1 household maintainer	26,330	...	...	395	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,040	...	...	225	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,330	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	45,700	...	...	625	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,805	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	8,210	...	...	105	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,485	...	...	65	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,860	...	...	120	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,530	...	...	140	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,155	...	...	100	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,450	...	...	65	...	...
85 years and over	1,190	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	44,875	...	...	465	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	35,605	...	...	395	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,265	...	...	65	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,385	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	31,810	...	...	410	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.5	...	...	55.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.9	...	...	13.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,147	...	...	674	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,215	...	...	830	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,302	...	...	174,598	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	328,267	...	...	181,786	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,220	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	498	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,038	...	...	534	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	91,850	45,265	46,590	1,250	650	595
No certificate, diploma or degree	16,655	8,645	8,010	225	115	105
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	28,155	13,775	14,375	395	225	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,040	22,840	24,195	625	315	320
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,895	6,725	2,165	180	115	65
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,780	1,585	1,195	80	50	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,115	5,140	970	100	65	35
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	19,340	7,725	11,615	250	90	160
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,640	675	965	65	35	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,170	7,720	9,450	140	70	70
Bachelor's degree	12,240	5,190	7,050	105	45	70
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	735	285	450	20	15	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	555	355	195	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,835	1,345	1,490	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	810	550	265	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	59,285	29,520	29,765	785	410	375
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,255	4,085	3,170	85	40	45
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,660	8,340	8,320	275	150	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,375	17,095	18,280	430	215	215
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,220	4,810	1,410	110	70	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,780	1,055	720	45	30	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,440	3,755	690	60	45	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	14,325	5,770	8,555	190	75	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,160	480	675	35	20	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,670	6,025	7,640	100	55	50
Bachelor's degree	9,770	4,150	5,620	70	30	45
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	530	200	330	20	15	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	440	260	180	0	10	0
Master's degree	2,325	1,050	1,275	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	600	370	235	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	91,850	45,260	46,585	1,250	655	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	44,810	22,420	22,390	615	340	280
Education	3,940	1,055	2,885	35	15	20
13. Education	3,935	1,060	2,880	30	15	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,610	795	820	20	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	265	210	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,345	585	760	20	15	10
Humanities	1,740	785	960	30	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	115	35	80	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	340	105	235	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	495	215	290	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	170	110	55	15	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	380	210	175	10	10	0
54. History	200	105	90	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	35	0	35	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,125	1,340	2,785	45	25	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	90	15	75	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	420	180	235	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,000	80	925	15	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	470	175	300	10	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	15	45	10	10	0
42. Psychology	875	260	615	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,210	615	595	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	8,650	3,195	5,455	95	25	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	610	115	495	15	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,010	3,065	4,945	80	20	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,670	890	780	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,015	490	520	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	270	140	135	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	280	240	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	15	70	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,170	735	435	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	920	645	270	0	0	0
25. Library science	130	0	120	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	125	80	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,850	9,260	595	160	150	15
04. Architecture and related services	130	95	35	0	0	10
14. Engineering	850	715	135	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,710	1,505	200	30	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,835	2,770	60	30	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,990	2,895	100	65	60	10
48. Precision production	1,335	1,280	55	35	30	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,865	1,410	460	85	55	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,475	1,150	325	75	55	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	395	260	135	10	0	10
Health and related fields	8,955	1,790	7,170	115	10	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	645	315	330	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	8,145	1,355	6,790	115	0	110
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	115	45	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,455	1,595	1,855	35	10	30
12. Personal and culinary services	2,125	585	1,545	20	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	980	690	295	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	325	310	15	15	10	10
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	59,290	29,520	29,765	790	410	375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,915	12,425	11,490	355	190	165
Education	2,765	695	2,075	30	15	15
13. Education	2,765	690	2,075	30	15	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,260	605	655	10	15	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	170	130	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,090	475	620	15	15	0
Humanities	1,240	575	665	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	25	55	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	205	70	135	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	375	145	230	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	140	85	50	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	270	165	105	10	10	0
54. History	145	75	65	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,315	1,020	2,295	30	20	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	80	15	65	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	355	140	215	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	825	70	760	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	370	125	245	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	20	35	10	10	0
42. Psychology	645	170	480	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	985	485	495	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,515	2,495	4,020	60	25	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	465	75	390	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,035	2,410	3,625	55	20	35
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,295	700	595	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	795	400	395	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	240	125	115	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	205	175	25	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	10	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	965	590	370	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	790	545	245	0	0	0
25. Library science	105	10	95	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	40	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,330	6,825	505	110	100	15
04. Architecture and related services	105	80	30	10	0	0
14. Engineering	675	550	130	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,280	1,105	170	20	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,100	2,055	40	25	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,150	2,070	85	45	40	10
48. Precision production	1,010	965	45	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,370	990	385	55	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,065	790	275	50	30	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	305	205	110	10	0	10
Health and related fields	6,785	1,420	5,370	65	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	520	250	270	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,145	1,085	5,055	70	10	60
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	85	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,525	1,185	1,345	30	0	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,565	445	1,125	25	0	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	705	495	215	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	240	230	10	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	91,850	45,265	46,585	1,250	650	595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,810	22,420	22,390	620	340	280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,040	22,845	24,195	630	315	320
Location of study inside Canada	41,305	19,890	21,415	540	260	280
Same as province or territory of residence	34,170	16,310	17,860	480	225	260
Different than province or territory of residence	7,130	3,580	3,550	60	35	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,740	2,955	2,785	85	50	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,925	1,010	920	20	10	10
Philippines	740	305	435	0	0	0
India	230	110	115	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	585	330	255	30	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	105	55	50	0	0	0
France	55	20	35	0	0	0
Other	2,095	1,130	965	40	25	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	59,285	29,520	29,765	790	410	380
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,910	12,425	11,485	355	190	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	35,370	17,095	18,275	430	220	215
Location of study inside Canada	31,090	14,970	16,120	365	180	185
Same as province or territory of residence	25,915	12,420	13,495	325	155	170
Different than province or territory of residence	5,175	2,555	2,625	40	25	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,280	2,125	2,155	70	35	30
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,305	620	685	20	10	0
Philippines	690	280	415	0	0	0
India	200	95	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	320	185	140	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	85	50	40	0	0	0
France	55	15	40	0	0	0
Other	1,615	880	730	30	20	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	91,850	45,260	46,590	1,245	655	595
In the labour force	63,245	33,535	29,710	965	540	420
Employed	59,330	31,335	27,990	925	520	410
Unemployed	3,910	2,195	1,720	40	25	15
Not in the labour force	28,610	11,730	16,880	290	115	170
Participation rate	68.9	74.1	63.8	77.5	82.4	70.6
Employment rate	64.6	69.2	60.1	74.3	79.4	68.9
Unemployment rate	6.2	6.5	5.8	4.1	4.6	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	91,850	45,265	46,585	1,245	655	590
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,635	10,420	15,215	230	85	145
Worked	66,215	34,845	31,370	1,020	565	450
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	32,790	19,315	13,470	550	355	195
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	33,425	15,530	17,895	470	210	255
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	43.5	42.0	43.1	43.9	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	63,240	33,530	29,710	960	540	425
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	795	360	425	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	62,450	33,170	29,280	960	535	420
Employee	55,250	28,685	26,565	705	355	350
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,195	4,480	2,720	255	180	70
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	63,240	33,530	29,710	965	540	420
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	795	365	430	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	62,450	33,170	29,285	960	535	425
0 Management occupations	6,830	4,465	2,360	185	160	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,375	2,170	6,205	140	25	110
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,890	2,245	645	15	0	10
3 Health occupations	5,275	985	4,290	85	10	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,395	2,530	4,865	110	20	95
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,305	535	770	15	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	14,475	6,040	8,440	120	50	70
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,910	10,295	615	200	185	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,340	1,900	435	80	60	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,655	2,000	655	15	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	63,240	33,535	29,710	960	540	420
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	795	365	430	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	62,450	33,170	29,280	955	535	425
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,065	2,165	890	235	175	60
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,070	995	75	10	10	0
22 Utilities	360	305	55	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,755	5,075	685	80	75	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,945	3,735	1,210	55	40	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,975	1,520	455	30	15	15
44-45 Retail trade	7,965	3,730	4,230	60	40	20
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,360	1,850	510	95	80	20
51 Information and cultural industries	735	350	380	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,755	585	1,175	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	890	490	400	15	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,830	1,410	1,420	30	15	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	60	20	40	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,385	1,415	970	25	20	10
61 Educational services	5,590	1,965	3,620	45	15	35
62 Health care and social assistance	8,565	1,500	7,065	155	10	145
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,140	600	540	10	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	4,655	2,010	2,645	20	10	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,980	1,465	1,515	50	30	25
91 Public administration	3,365	1,980	1,385	30	15	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	59,330	31,340	27,990	925	520	405
Worked at home	4,375	2,155	2,220	245	165	85
Worked outside Canada	125	105	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	7,940	6,020	1,920	135	115	15
Worked at usual place	46,890	23,055	23,830	545	240	305
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	46,890	23,055	23,830	545	240	305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	35,720	16,805	18,915	80	30	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,175	5,010	4,165	180	95	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,640	940	695	285	115	170
Commute to a different province or territory	360	300	55	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	54,825	29,080	25,750	675	355	320
Car, truck, van - as a driver	46,615	25,160	21,455	605	315	285
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,110	1,395	1,715	50	20	30
Public transit	1,580	615	970	0	0	0
Walked	2,190	965	1,230	20	15	10
Bicycle	750	565	185	0	0	0
Other method	575	385	190	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	54,830	29,075	25,750	675	355	320
Less than 15 minutes	26,430	13,110	13,325	140	90	50
15 to 29 minutes	21,315	11,635	9,680	250	120	130
30 to 44 minutes	4,165	2,425	1,740	205	95	110
45 to 59 minutes	1,255	715	535	50	25	20
60 minutes and over	1,660	1,195	470	35	25	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	54,830	29,075	25,750	675	355	320
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,180	2,290	890	30	20	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	9,310	6,250	3,055	115	85	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	17,390	9,785	7,605	235	125	115
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,590	4,300	6,290	175	90	90
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	5,400	2,180	3,220	25	10	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,960	4,275	4,690	90	30	60
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	68,155	35,760	32,395	1,050	585	470
Single responses	67,945	35,705	32,240	1,050	580	470
Official languages	67,740	35,570	32,175	1,050	580	470
English	67,625	35,520	32,105	1,050	580	470
French	115	50	65	0	0	0
Non-official languages	210	140	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	200	135	70	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	25	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	25	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	130	80	50	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	30	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	75	45	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	25	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	25	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	30	20	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	210	60	150	0	0	0
English and French	70	25	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	130	30	100	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	68,160	35,765	32,395	1,050	580	470
None	66,485	34,870	31,615	1,025	570	450
English	195	100	95	0	0	0
French	340	145	195	0	0	10
Non-official language	1,110	640	465	20	10	10
Aboriginal	95	30	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,010	615	400	20	10	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	112,430	55,865	56,565	1,525	805	720
Non-movers	93,620	46,210	47,405	1,365	720	645
Movers	18,810	9,655	9,160	160	90	70
Non-migrants	11,490	5,930	5,550	65	45	25
Migrants	7,330	3,720	3,605	95	50	50
Internal migrants	6,350	3,210	3,140	95	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	5,095	2,580	2,515	75	30	45
Interprovincial migrants	1,255	630	625	20	20	10
External migrants	980	510	465	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	106,180	52,700	53,475	1,425	755	670
Non-movers	58,540	28,660	29,880	1,095	585	505
Movers	47,640	24,040	23,600	330	170	160
Non-migrants	25,320	12,890	12,430	115	70	45
Migrants	22,320	11,150	11,170	220	105	115
Internal migrants	18,475	9,130	9,340	215	100	115
Intraprovincial migrants	13,235	6,610	6,625	200	100	105
Interprovincial migrants	5,235	2,515	2,720	15	10	10
External migrants	3,845	2,020	1,830	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lethbridge [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Oakview, RM [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 13, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lethbridge [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lethbridge [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lethbridge [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Oakview, Rural municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba