Census Profile, 2016 Census
Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner Alberta [Federal electoral district]			Wolfville, T Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner [Federal electoral district], Alberta Map : Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner [Federal electoral district], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	106,896	...	...	4,195	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	102,847	...	...	4,269	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.9	...	...	-1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	43,243	...	...	2,585	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	40,125	...	...	1,972	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.6	...	...	649.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	29,559.04	...	...	6.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	106,895	52,840	54,055	4,195	1,870	2,325
0 to 14 years	21,760	11,195	10,565	390	185	210
0 to 4 years	7,005	3,645	3,355	130	65	65
5 to 9 years	7,620	3,935	3,680	115	60	60
10 to 14 years	7,140	3,615	3,530	145	60	80
15 to 64 years	67,650	33,570	34,080	2,655	1,240	1,410
15 to 19 years	6,985	3,530	3,455	250	120	130
20 to 24 years	6,100	3,145	2,955	600	270	325
25 to 29 years	6,405	3,170	3,235	285	165	125
30 to 34 years	6,975	3,465	3,510	165	80	85
35 to 39 years	6,765	3,340	3,430	170	80	90
40 to 44 years	6,220	3,135	3,085	155	70	90
45 to 49 years	6,210	3,080	3,130	195	95	100
50 to 54 years	7,205	3,470	3,735	285	120	170
55 to 59 years	7,765	3,855	3,915	265	130	135
60 to 64 years	7,020	3,385	3,635	290	120	170
65 years and over	17,485	8,070	9,410	1,150	445	710
65 to 69 years	5,590	2,700	2,885	315	155	160
70 to 74 years	4,040	1,900	2,140	225	85	135
75 to 79 years	3,060	1,470	1,595	220	90	125
80 to 84 years	2,290	1,060	1,230	145	55	95
85 years and over	2,500	940	1,560	245	55	180
85 to 89 years	1,515	605	905	140	40	100
90 to 94 years	765	295	475	80	15	65
95 to 99 years	205	40	165	20	5	15
100 years and over	15	0	15	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.4	21.2	19.5	9.3	9.9	9.0
15 to 64 years	63.3	63.5	63.0	63.3	66.3	60.6
65 years and over	16.4	15.3	17.4	27.4	23.8	30.5
85 years and over	2.3	1.8	2.9	5.8	2.9	7.7
Average age of the population	39.5	38.6	40.3	46.0	43.5	48.0
Median age of the population	38.8	37.9	39.8	47.4	42.8	50.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
Single-detached house	29,085	...	...	810	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	210	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,410	...	...	1,160	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,715	...	...	90	...	...
Row house	1,960	...	...	95	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	580	...	...	90	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,095	...	...	875	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,425	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	40,125	...	...	1,975	...	...
1 person	10,230	...	...	765	...	...
2 persons	15,285	...	...	770	...	...
3 persons	5,475	...	...	205	...	...
4 persons	5,110	...	...	180	...	...
5 or more persons	4,030	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	100,855	...	...	3,940	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	85,135	41,645	43,490	3,805	1,690	2,115
Married or living common law	52,305	26,180	26,130	1,805	890	910
Married	44,545	22,320	22,230	1,460	720	740
Living common law	7,760	3,865	3,895	345	170	175
Not married and not living common law	32,825	15,465	17,365	2,000	800	1,200
Never married	20,535	11,295	9,245	1,270	620	650
Separated	1,900	815	1,085	100	50	55
Divorced	5,550	2,295	3,255	275	80	190
Widowed	4,840	1,060	3,780	355	45	310
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	29,305	...	...	1,035	...	...
2 persons	15,785	...	...	670	...	...
3 persons	5,400	...	...	180	...	...
4 persons	4,855	...	...	140	...	...
5 or more persons	3,265	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	29,310	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total couple families	24,805	...	...	875	...	...
Married couples	20,925	...	...	700	...	...
Common-law couples	3,875	...	...	175	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,505	...	...	160	...	...
Female parent	3,455	...	...	135	...	...
Male parent	1,050	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	24,805	...	...	875	...	...
Couples without children	13,155	...	...	570	...	...
Couples with children	11,650	...	...	305	...	...
1 child	4,170	...	...	125	...	...
2 children	4,410	...	...	135	...	...
3 or more children	3,070	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,500	...	...	160	...	...
1 child	2,635	...	...	100	...	...
2 children	1,235	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	635	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,275	7,575	7,700	1,260	515	745
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	40,125	...	...	1,975	...	...
One-census-family households	27,750	...	...	1,020	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	12,585	...	...	565	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,160	...	...	455	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	755	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,620	...	...	945	...	...
One-person households	10,225	...	...	760	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,395	...	...	185	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	105,260	52,240	53,025	3,970	1,825	2,150
English only	101,155	50,260	50,890	3,395	1,595	1,800
French only	30	15	15	0	0	0
English and French	3,220	1,550	1,670	555	220	330
Neither English nor French	865	410	455	20	5	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	105,260	52,240	53,025	3,970	1,820	2,145
English	103,490	51,360	52,135	3,885	1,790	2,095
French	855	445	410	60	25	35
English and French	70	35	30	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	845	400	445	20	5	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	890	460	430	65	25	35
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.9	0.8	1.6	1.4	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	105,260	52,240	53,025	3,965	1,820	2,145
Single responses	104,185	51,710	52,475	3,915	1,800	2,115
Official languages	90,670	45,145	45,525	3,515	1,600	1,910
English	89,705	44,650	45,055	3,455	1,575	1,875
French	965	490	475	60	25	35
Non-official languages	13,510	6,565	6,950	400	200	205
Aboriginal languages	1,220	595	625	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,210	595	615	0	0	0
Blackfoot	1,170	580	585	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	5	20	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	5	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,295	5,970	6,325	405	200	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	450	235	215	25	20	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	15	10	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	410	210	200	25	20	5
Amharic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	380	190	185	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	685	295	385	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	15	25	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	605	260	340	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	50	45	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	25	5	0	0
Tamil	30	15	15	5	5	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,115	4,940	5,175	200	85	115
Albanian	35	20	15	10	5	10
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	535	245	290	40	20	20
Baltic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	530	240	285	35	15	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	20	25	5	0	0
Czech	20	5	10	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	50	55	10	5	10
Russian	70	25	45	10	5	10
Serbian	20	15	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	140	60	75	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	8,280	4,060	4,225	90	35	55
Afrikaans	75	35	35	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Dutch	390	185	205	35	15	20
Frisian	15	10	5	0	0	5
German	7,730	3,790	3,940	45	20	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	425	205	220	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	395	200	200	15	10	10
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	5
Gujarati	60	35	25	0	0	0
Hindi	50	20	25	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	70	30	45	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	110	55	55	5	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	10	20	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	795	380	410	30	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	40	35	0	0	5
Portuguese	40	20	25	10	5	10
Romanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	635	300	335	20	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	60	25	35	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	35	30	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	80	40	35	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Dinka	15	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	5	20	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	395	195	205	140	80	55
Chinese languages	380	180	195	135	80	55
Cantonese	190	90	95	15	5	5
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	150	75	75	105	65	40
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	20	10	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	5
Thai	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	105	50	50	10	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Finnish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	45	40	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,080	530	550	55	20	30
English and French	155	80	80	20	5	15
English and non-official language	900	440	465	35	15	20
French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	105,265	52,235	53,030	3,970	1,825	2,145
Single responses	103,545	51,400	52,140	3,910	1,790	2,115
Official languages	96,065	47,725	48,340	3,695	1,680	2,015
English	95,820	47,605	48,215	3,675	1,670	2,005
French	245	120	125	15	10	10
Non-official languages	7,475	3,670	3,800	215	110	105
Aboriginal languages	620	315	305	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	620	315	305	0	0	0
Blackfoot	615	310	305	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,860	3,355	3,500	215	110	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	320	155	170	15	10	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	295	140	155	15	10	5
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	280	135	150	20	15	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	310	140	170	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	290	135	155	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,670	2,795	2,880	75	35	45
Albanian	15	10	5	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	55	45	20	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	50	50	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	5	5	0	0
Russian	25	10	10	15	5	5
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,900	2,405	2,495	25	10	15
Afrikaans	40	20	20	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	25	15	10	15	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,770	2,340	2,430	15	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	35	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	290	140	150	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	270	135	135	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	10	0	0	0
Hindi	25	15	10	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	70	30	40	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	25	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	25	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	10	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	5	15	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	355	175	175	20	5	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	5	5	5	5	0	0
Romanian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	320	160	160	15	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	5	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	220	110	110	100	60	40
Chinese languages	210	110	105	100	60	40
Cantonese	105	45	60	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	45	35	75	45	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	30	35	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	60	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,720	835	885	60	30	30
English and French	70	30	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,635	800	840	60	30	35
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	105,265	52,240	53,025	3,970	1,825	2,150
None	96,220	47,835	48,390	3,625	1,655	1,975
English	4,115	1,985	2,125	115	60	55
French	625	280	340	85	40	50
Non-official language	4,240	2,100	2,140	135	60	70
Aboriginal	1,365	690	675	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,875	1,410	1,465	130	60	70
English and French	5	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	25	15	15	5	5	0
French and non-official language	25	15	15	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	80,290	39,560	40,735	3,555	1,620	1,930
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,630	37,785	38,850	3,425	1,555	1,875
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,108	46,925	27,030	28,296	34,432	24,896
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	76,655	37,790	38,870	3,430	1,550	1,875
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,194	41,670	25,477	25,979	30,933	23,258
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	69,475	35,355	34,125	3,090	1,405	1,685
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,684	45,548	24,592	26,125	33,952	21,696
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	49,340	20,190	29,150	2,690	1,150	1,540
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,135	8,144	6,643	4,997	3,320	5,516
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,690	30,240	27,450	2,250	1,065	1,185
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,320	44,897	25,023	19,600	24,405	15,888
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	80,285	39,590	40,695	3,555	1,635	1,925
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,540	37,750	38,795	3,385	1,545	1,840
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,926	63,548	36,670	41,145	48,958	34,589
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	76,575	37,750	38,825	3,390	1,545	1,850
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,957	52,084	32,110	34,045	39,980	29,088
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	69,565	35,300	34,260	3,060	1,380	1,680
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,825	62,959	34,261	39,177	48,642	31,408
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,075	19,855	29,215	2,690	1,145	1,545
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,660	8,880	8,510	7,255	7,514	7,064
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,705	30,225	27,480	2,215	1,050	1,165
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,924	58,289	32,324	34,733	43,071	27,249
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	80,285	39,585	40,695	3,555	1,635	1,925
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	24,770	14,680	10,095	765	450	315
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	53,736	62,919	43,495	52,546	58,109	48,282
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	64,703	75,215	49,417	62,941	70,561	52,092
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.6	92.3	82.6	86.6	89.8	83.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	69.6	73.2	63.5	55.1	58.6	51.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.4	7.7	17.4	13.3	10.3	16.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	80,295	39,560	40,735	3,555	1,625	1,930
Without total income	3,660	1,770	1,885	125	70	60
With total income	76,635	37,785	38,845	3,425	1,550	1,870
Percentage with total income	95.4	95.5	95.4	96.3	95.4	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,270	3,840	6,425	555	250	310
$10,000 to $19,999	11,575	4,135	7,435	695	250	445
$20,000 to $29,999	11,805	4,475	7,335	530	215	325
$30,000 to $39,999	8,780	3,800	4,985	340	140	195
$40,000 to $49,999	7,565	3,755	3,810	275	125	155
$50,000 to $59,999	5,990	3,315	2,680	240	130	110
$60,000 to $69,999	4,720	2,970	1,750	175	90	80
$70,000 to $79,999	3,545	2,390	1,155	160	85	75
$80,000 to $89,999	2,665	1,805	860	120	70	55
$90,000 to $99,999	2,230	1,445	790	75	25	50
$100,000 and over	7,485	5,860	1,625	265	185	80
$100,000 to $149,999	5,135	3,855	1,280	190	130	55
$150,000 and over	2,350	2,010	340	70	50	20
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	80,290	39,560	40,735	3,555	1,625	1,930
Without after-tax income	3,635	1,770	1,865	125	70	55
With after-tax income	76,655	37,790	38,870	3,430	1,555	1,875
Percentage with after-tax income	95.5	95.5	95.4	96.5	95.7	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,540	3,920	6,620	580	250	335
$10,000 to $19,999	12,070	4,310	7,765	735	260	470
$20,000 to $29,999	13,350	5,160	8,190	590	240	350
$30,000 to $39,999	10,330	4,730	5,600	420	180	240
$40,000 to $49,999	8,560	4,615	3,945	320	165	155
$50,000 to $59,999	6,330	3,935	2,395	250	135	120
$60,000 to $69,999	4,435	2,975	1,455	175	90	85
$70,000 to $79,999	3,180	2,115	1,065	115	65	50
$80,000 and over	7,870	6,030	1,840	240	170	70
$80,000 to $89,999	2,440	1,645	795	90	65	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,640	1,245	405	50	35	15
$100,000 and over	3,785	3,140	645	100	75	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	80,290	39,560	40,735	3,555	1,620	1,930
Without employment income	22,600	9,315	13,285	1,305	555	745
With employment income	57,690	30,245	27,450	2,250	1,065	1,185
Percentage with employment income	71.9	76.5	67.4	63.3	65.7	61.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,270	3,730	4,540	395	180	215
$5,000 to $9,999	4,575	1,895	2,680	360	130	235
$10,000 to $19,999	7,385	3,005	4,380	375	165	215
$20,000 to $29,999	6,570	2,605	3,965	250	110	140
$30,000 to $39,999	5,825	2,575	3,250	185	100	90
$40,000 to $49,999	5,290	2,640	2,650	130	65	55
$50,000 to $59,999	4,185	2,385	1,805	105	60	45
$60,000 to $69,999	3,355	2,180	1,180	85	40	45
$70,000 to $79,999	2,595	1,820	770	95	50	45
$80,000 and over	9,630	7,395	2,235	265	170	95
$80,000 to $89,999	2,055	1,460	595	50	35	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,895	1,200	700	35	15	20
$100,000 and over	5,675	4,740	940	170	125	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,321	...	...	53,362	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,187	...	...	47,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,230	...	...	765	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,852	...	...	28,698	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,588	...	...	26,624	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	29,895	...	...	1,210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,347	...	...	74,825	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,576	...	...	64,512	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,239	...	...	70,633	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,071	...	...	58,601	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,215	...	...	740	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,624	...	...	39,073	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,050	...	...	32,537	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	29,905	...	...	1,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	111,163	...	...	89,649	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,400	...	...	74,305	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	40,125	...	...	1,975	...	...
Under $5,000	555	...	...	65	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	440	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	635	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,200	...	...	140	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,105	...	...	130	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,400	...	...	105	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,550	...	...	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,805	...	...	80	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,710	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,610	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,200	...	...	155	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,985	...	...	125	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,600	...	...	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,460	...	...	85	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,255	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	13,615	...	...	470	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,430	...	...	165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,205	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,355	...	...	110	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,625	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
Under $5,000	595	...	...	75	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	445	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	660	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,255	...	...	145	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,235	...	...	150	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,575	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,835	...	...	130	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,050	...	...	100	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,975	...	...	115	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,880	...	...	85	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,800	...	...	195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,340	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,070	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,795	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,340	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,275	...	...	305	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,395	...	...	120	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,515	...	...	75	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,365	...	...	110	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	28,885	...	...	1,040	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,791	...	...	82,091	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,178	...	...	69,120	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	12,430	...	...	560	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,285	...	...	80,448	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,675	...	...	68,147	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,795	...	...	310	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,794	...	...	117,888	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,600	...	...	96,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,025	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,189	...	...	41,600	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,880	...	...	38,784	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	28,840	...	...	1,075	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,359	...	...	95,553	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,462	...	...	78,439	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,410	...	...	600	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	110,247	...	...	90,891	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	91,416	...	...	75,158	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,835	...	...	305	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,600	...	...	128,486	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,546	...	...	102,995	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,960	...	...	160	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,971	...	...	52,427	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,538	...	...	45,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,415	6,690	6,725	1,215	500	720
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,676	39,459	29,638	22,571	22,400	22,613
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,815	34,987	27,849	21,709	21,291	22,400
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	13,435	6,630	6,810	1,170	510	660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,406	51,186	39,778	31,461	35,213	28,544
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,520	42,233	34,904	26,868	29,105	25,129
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	100,855	50,120	50,730	3,940	1,805	2,135
In the bottom half of the distribution	49,955	23,865	26,095	2,255	1,000	1,260
In the bottom decile	9,170	4,430	4,745	760	320	435
In the second decile	9,880	4,410	5,470	490	220	270
In the third decile	10,680	5,035	5,650	380	180	195
In the fourth decile	10,025	4,910	5,115	340	145	190
In the fifth decile	10,200	5,080	5,115	290	130	165
In the top half of the distribution	50,895	26,260	24,640	1,680	800	880
In the sixth decile	9,880	5,005	4,875	320	155	170
In the seventh decile	10,130	5,150	4,985	320	150	165
In the eighth decile	10,220	5,230	4,985	345	165	180
In the ninth decile	10,270	5,375	4,890	320	155	165
In the top decile	10,400	5,500	4,895	380	175	200
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	96,320	47,870	48,445	3,940	1,805	2,135
0 to 17 years	23,110	11,915	11,200	500	240	260
0 to 5 years	7,485	3,900	3,585	150	75	75
18 to 64 years	58,145	28,805	29,340	2,480	1,150	1,330
65 years and over	15,060	7,155	7,900	960	410	550
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	11,140	5,115	6,025	900	390	515
0 to 17 years	3,715	1,950	1,760	130	60	70
0 to 5 years	1,320	705	615	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	6,035	2,670	3,365	635	290	345
65 years and over	1,385	485	895	140	35	100
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.6	10.7	12.4	22.8	21.6	24.1
0 to 17 years (%)	16.1	16.4	15.7	26.0	25.0	26.9
0 to 5 years (%)	17.6	18.1	17.2	30.0	26.7	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	10.4	9.3	11.5	25.6	25.2	25.9
65 years and over (%)	9.2	6.8	11.3	14.6	8.5	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,395	2,605	2,785	515	230	285
0 to 17 years	1,785	950	830	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	620	330	285	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	3,360	1,550	1,810	435	200	235
65 years and over	255	105	150	25	5	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.6	5.4	5.7	13.1	12.7	13.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.7	8.0	7.4	12.0	10.4	13.5
0 to 5 years (%)	8.3	8.5	7.9	16.7	13.3	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.4	6.2	17.5	17.4	17.7
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.5	1.9	2.6	1.2	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	100,825	50,080	50,745	3,945	1,820	2,120
Official languages	100,195	49,780	50,410	3,925	1,815	2,110
English	100,170	49,775	50,395	3,925	1,815	2,115
French	3,255	1,615	1,635	535	175	360
Non-official languages	13,215	6,655	6,565	610	290	320
Aboriginal languages	2,495	1,260	1,230	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	2,475	1,255	1,220	0	0	0
Blackfoot	2,425	1,240	1,190	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	50	15	30	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	10	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,740	5,405	5,340	615	290	320
Afro-Asiatic languages	445	210	235	40	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	440	205	230	45	25	15
Amharic	30	20	10	0	0	0
Arabic	380	165	215	40	25	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	20	10	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	70	60	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	20	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	50	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	740	310	430	20	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	700	280	415	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	125	75	50	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	100	60	40	0	0	0
Tamil	40	25	20	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,155	4,180	3,970	330	130	200
Albanian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	740	350	380	45	25	25
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	735	355	380	45	20	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Czech	50	25	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	135	60	70	15	0	15
Russian	185	85	105	15	0	10
Serbian	35	25	15	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	150	70	90	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,140	2,610	2,530	165	70	100
Afrikaans	160	100	65	0	0	0
Danish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dutch	475	220	255	70	35	40
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,385	2,240	2,150	115	40	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Swedish	15	15	0	15	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	285	145	140	0	0	0
Greek	85	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	425	240	185	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	415	235	185	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	35	20	0	0	0
Hindi	200	105	95	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	60	25	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	70	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	40	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,005	1,110	895	125	40	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	165	75	85	10	0	10
Portuguese	75	45	30	25	0	15
Romanian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Spanish	1,720	975	750	110	25	85
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	150	80	70	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	45	40	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	165	80	85	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	40	10	25	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	25	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dinka	10	0	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	160	45	120	0	0	0
American Sign Language	60	10	55	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	100	35	65	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	450	240	210	175	105	75
Chinese languages	450	240	210	180	100	75
Cantonese	175	105	75	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	235	115	125	160	100	60
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	35	20	15	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	85	35	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	10	25	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	10	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	125	65	60	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	100,825	50,080	50,740	3,940	1,820	2,120
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	96,900	48,140	48,750	3,645	1,670	1,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	23,865	12,210	11,655	500	260	240
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	73,035	35,930	37,095	3,145	1,405	1,740
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,925	1,940	1,990	295	155	140
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	100,825	50,080	50,740	3,940	1,815	2,125
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	90,890	45,100	45,795	3,310	1,520	1,785
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,790	4,415	4,370	480	200	285
Before 1981	2,700	1,315	1,385	210	95	115
1981 to 1990	925	460	460	30	10	15
1991 to 2000	1,235	675	560	55	15	40
2001 to 2010	2,240	1,175	1,065	110	50	60
2001 to 2005	975	515	460	40	15	25
2006 to 2010	1,265	660	605	70	35	35
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,695	790	900	80	25	50
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,145	570	575	150	95	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,790	4,420	4,375	480	200	280
Under 5 years	1,350	695	655	60	15	40
5 to 14 years	1,735	870	865	80	15	55
15 to 24 years	1,955	895	1,060	70	40	30
25 to 44 years	3,180	1,665	1,515	205	90	120
45 years and over	570	300	270	70	35	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,790	4,420	4,370	480	200	280
Americas	3,185	1,520	1,670	75	20	55
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	105	55	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	160	90	70	0	0	0
Guyana	20	0	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	20	0	0	0	10
Mexico	1,440	710	735	10	10	0
Peru	10	10	10	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,090	475	615	50	10	40
Other places of birth in Americas	320	165	160	15	0	10
Europe	3,340	1,820	1,525	255	105	150
Bosnia and Herzegovina	145	75	70	0	0	0
Croatia	30	15	10	0	0	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	490	275	210	40	10	25
Greece	40	25	20	0	0	0
Hungary	55	30	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	55	25	30	0	0	0
Italy	70	40	25	0	0	10
Netherlands	380	175	205	55	20	35
Poland	140	65	70	10	0	15
Portugal	45	20	25	0	0	0
Romania	90	50	40	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	15	10	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	90	40	50	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,410	820	590	115	55	60
Other places of birth in Europe	255	140	115	10	0	0
Africa	525	270	250	0	0	10
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	55	25	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	60	35	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	160	85	75	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	200	90	110	0	0	0
Asia	1,650	765	890	135	70	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	180	100	85	65	40	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	65	25	35	0	0	0
India	235	130	100	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	30	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	590	235	360	10	10	10
Sri Lanka	25	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	40	70	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	0	20	25	10	15
Viet Nam	85	50	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	205	100	100	35	20	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	85	50	40	10	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,690	795	900	80	25	50
Americas	525	200	325	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	50	20	25	0	0	0
Cuba	45	25	20	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	10	0	0
Mexico	215	75	140	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	150	55	100	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	20	35	0	0	0
Europe	250	170	75	15	0	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germany	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	10	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	90	20	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	75	40	30	0	0	0
Africa	90	35	50	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	825	390	440	60	30	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	20	20	30	20	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	115	70	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	0	15	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	415	185	225	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	40	65	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	20	10	15
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	35	40	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	100,825	50,085	50,740	3,940	1,820	2,125
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10,555	5,315	5,245	670	325	345
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	15,850	7,795	8,055	515	240	270
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	74,415	36,970	37,445	2,755	1,250	1,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	6,230	3,170	3,060	285	110	175
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,690	1,415	1,270	200	85	110
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,040	720	320	70	45	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,645	695	950	130	40	85
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,320	1,115	1,210	75	25	55
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,135	605	530	0	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	90	40	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	100,820	50,080	50,740	3,940	1,815	2,120
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	9,220	4,515	4,705	155	70	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	9,160	4,500	4,660	145	70	75
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	6,425	3,140	3,290	70	35	30
Métis	2,695	1,345	1,350	70	30	40
Inuk (Inuit)	35	15	20	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	0	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	15	20	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	91,610	45,570	46,040	3,785	1,750	2,040
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	100,820	50,080	50,740	3,940	1,820	2,125
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	5,920	2,875	3,050	45	20	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	94,905	47,205	47,695	3,895	1,800	2,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	100,825	50,085	50,740	3,940	1,820	2,125
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	5,355	2,640	2,715	25	15	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	5,340	2,625	2,715	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	4,915	2,385	2,525	15	10	0
Métis single ancestry	410	230	180	15	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,360	2,615	2,745	210	100	105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,150	2,520	2,635	205	105	105
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,845	1,405	1,440	140	75	70
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,250	1,095	1,155	45	25	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	40	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	210	95	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	85	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	90,110	44,830	45,280	3,710	1,700	2,005
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	100,825	50,080	50,740	3,945	1,820	2,120
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,100	2,455	2,645	380	210	170
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	710	380	330	10	0	0
Chinese	600	290	315	200	115	85
Black	985	530	455	25	10	20
Filipino	850	345	500	10	0	10
Latin American	740	350	395	35	25	15
Arab	225	95	130	35	30	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	280	150	135	25	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	70	35	35	20	15	10
Japanese	265	135	130	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	170	85	85	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	160	50	110	0	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	95,725	47,630	48,095	3,565	1,610	1,950
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	100,825	50,080	50,740	3,940	1,820	2,125
North American Aboriginal origins	10,715	5,255	5,460	235	120	115
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,960	3,895	4,065	160	80	80
Inuit	100	40	65	15	0	10
Métis	2,880	1,425	1,450	60	30	30
Other North American origins	28,495	14,170	14,325	1,350	575	775
Acadian	65	50	15	65	15	55
American	3,025	1,495	1,525	85	35	55
Canadian	26,600	13,185	13,420	1,245	535	710
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	70	40	30	20	20	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	10	0	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	77,825	38,505	39,320	2,960	1,375	1,585
British Isles origins	45,600	22,280	23,320	2,465	1,150	1,315
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	27,350	13,360	13,990	1,365	610	760
Irish	14,780	6,875	7,900	1,020	460	560
Manx	15	0	15	0	0	0
Scottish	19,290	9,420	9,870	1,265	545	720
Welsh	2,070	955	1,110	125	55	70
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,500	1,155	1,345	175	75	100
French origins	9,255	4,385	4,865	380	160	220
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	9,255	4,385	4,870	375	160	220
Western European origins (except French origins)	40,070	19,830	20,240	785	350	435
Austrian	875	470	405	30	20	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	685	315	365	15	0	15
Dutch	5,160	2,610	2,550	255	90	165
Flemish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	10	0	0
German	35,155	17,365	17,785	530	240	290
Luxembourger	30	0	15	0	0	0
Swiss	895	480	415	15	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	11,395	5,450	5,940	105	55	50
Danish	2,560	1,235	1,325	25	20	0
Finnish	420	195	225	0	10	0
Icelandic	475	205	270	0	0	0
Norwegian	5,575	2,745	2,830	40	15	25
Swedish	3,150	1,405	1,745	30	20	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	480	260	220	15	10	15
Eastern European origins	17,245	8,500	8,740	240	80	160
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Czech	520	280	235	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	345	160	185	10	0	10
Estonian	20	10	15	10	10	0
Hungarian	1,865	910	950	30	10	15
Latvian	75	40	35	10	0	0
Lithuanian	90	40	50	0	0	10
Moldovan	50	25	15	0	0	0
Polish	3,665	1,655	2,010	90	25	65
Romanian	925	435	485	10	0	10
Russian	5,635	2,790	2,845	25	0	15
Slovak	215	95	120	0	0	0
Ukrainian	6,420	3,260	3,160	100	40	65
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins	3,600	1,900	1,695	150	70	80
Albanian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	165	90	85	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	180	100	80	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	260	125	135	30	20	10
Italian	1,855	1,020	830	50	20	30
Kosovar	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	260	125	135	20	0	15
Serbian	50	25	20	0	0	10
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	50	40	15	15	10	10
Spanish	690	340	350	25	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	105	45	60	10	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	450	220	230	80	30	50
Basque	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jewish	155	50	100	45	15	25
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	270	155	115	35	10	20
Caribbean origins	465	245	220	25	0	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	115	75	40	0	0	0
Dominican	15	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	195	100	90	20	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,895	940	960	55	30	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Belizean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	175	95	80	0	0	0
Colombian	180	95	90	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	15	20	15	10
Guyanese	20	0	20	10	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	1,130	555	575	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	50	15	30	0	0	0
Salvadorean	145	75	70	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	80	45	35	0	0	0
African origins	1,045	520	520	35	20	15
Central and West African origins	160	85	80	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Liberian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	95	50	40	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	225	105	130	10	10	0
Algerian	15	10	10	0	10	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	85	25	60	0	10	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	105	60	45	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	370	195	175	0	0	10
Afrikaner	15	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
South African	175	95	75	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	50	15	30	0	0	0
Zulu	10	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	330	165	160	25	15	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	310	150	160	25	15	10
Asian origins	3,575	1,655	1,920	380	215	165
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	460	235	225	120	70	50
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	50	35	15	10	10	0
Armenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	30	20	15	10	10	0
Israeli	25	20	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	105	45	65	60	30	30
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Syrian	195	100	95	10	10	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	10	25	10	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	820	415	400	10	0	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	615	310	305	10	10	10
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	65	25	35	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	10	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	35	30	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,325	1,020	1,310	260	145	110
Burmese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	75	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese	860	380	480	210	125	85
Filipino	890	360	535	15	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	15	0	25	10	10
Japanese	320	140	180	10	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	35	45	10	10	10
Laotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	25	10	15
Thai	70	30	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	140	65	80	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	470	275	195	0	0	0
Australian	225	135	95	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	20	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	220	120	95	0	0	0
Fijian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	135	75	65	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	40,125	...	...	1,975	...	...
Owner	29,970	...	...	930	...	...
Renter	9,980	...	...	1,050	...	...
Band housing	180	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
Condominium	4,250	...	...	135	...	...
Not condominium	35,875	...	...	1,835	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
No bedrooms	65	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,740	...	...	395	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,640	...	...	645	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,215	...	...	540	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	15,465	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,685	...	...	720	...	...
5 rooms	5,620	...	...	305	...	...
6 rooms	5,560	...	...	210	...	...
7 rooms	6,040	...	...	205	...	...
8 or more rooms	16,225	...	...	535	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
One person or fewer per room	39,615	...	...	1,960	...	...
More than 1 person per room	515	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	40,125	...	...	1,975	...	...
Suitable	38,870	...	...	1,910	...	...
Not suitable	1,250	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	40,125	...	...	1,975	...	...
1960 or before	8,155	...	...	400	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,395	...	...	630	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,670	...	...	225	...	...
1991 to 2000	5,255	...	...	220	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,370	...	...	185	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,450	...	...	130	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,825	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	37,030	...	...	1,870	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,095	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,940	...	...	1,180	...	...
2 household maintainers	14,510	...	...	745	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	675	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	40,125	...	...	1,970	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,450	...	...	295	...	...
25 to 34 years	5,975	...	...	230	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,845	...	...	185	...	...
45 to 54 years	7,365	...	...	260	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,380	...	...	355	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,615	...	...	330	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,295	...	...	235	...	...
85 years and over	1,200	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	37,560	...	...	1,965	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,460	...	...	1,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,100	...	...	610	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,380	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,965	...	...	925	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.3	...	...	46.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.8	...	...	14.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	966	...	...	935	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,092	...	...	1,108	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	279,123	...	...	299,123	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	312,355	...	...	314,332	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	9,720	...	...	1,045	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.7	...	...	15.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.5	...	...	45.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	907	...	...	803	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	944	...	...	880	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	80,285	39,590	40,695	3,560	1,635	1,925
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,990	9,405	8,580	345	195	150
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	24,620	12,075	12,545	865	385	485
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,675	18,105	19,570	2,340	1,055	1,290
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,685	6,625	2,060	150	100	50
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,620	1,535	1,090	90	55	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,060	5,085	975	65	40	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,385	6,430	10,955	480	215	265
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,865	670	1,195	65	20	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,740	4,390	5,355	1,650	720	930
Bachelor's degree	7,160	2,975	4,185	890	360	530
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	420	180	240	100	20	75
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	340	260	85	30	20	10
Master's degree	1,570	800	765	415	155	260
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	245	175	75	215	150	60
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	52,380	25,850	26,530	1,780	860	920
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,910	4,395	3,520	105	65	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,685	7,830	7,850	250	120	125
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,780	13,620	15,160	1,430	680	750
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,260	4,860	1,400	90	70	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,740	1,065	675	55	45	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,515	3,795	720	35	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,710	5,135	8,570	295	160	135
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,215	470	740	30	15	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,605	3,160	4,445	1,015	435	580
Bachelor's degree	5,715	2,230	3,485	530	220	315
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	325	135	195	55	10	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	260	180	80	20	15	0
Master's degree	1,140	505	630	265	95	175
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	160	100	60	145	95	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	80,285	39,590	40,700	3,555	1,635	1,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	42,610	21,480	21,125	1,215	580	635
Education	3,290	960	2,335	330	70	255
13. Education	3,290	955	2,335	325	75	260
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	755	310	445	105	45	65
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	170	130	40	15	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	585	180	405	95	30	70
Humanities	1,080	490	590	270	125	150
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	20	40	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	145	50	95	100	45	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	370	140	230	30	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	30	30	30	15	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	335	195	145	15	15	0
54. History	80	50	35	55	25	30
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	15	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,470	690	1,785	315	125	190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	75	30	50	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	170	75	95	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	950	70	880	45	10	40
22. Legal professions and studies	400	130	270	30	20	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	25	10	10	10
42. Psychology	355	100	250	100	35	65
45. Social sciences	495	280	215	120	55	60
Business, management and public administration	7,235	2,055	5,180	305	125	190
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	745	150	600	20	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,465	1,900	4,565	285	115	175
Physical and life sciences and technologies	780	465	315	170	100	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	315	150	165	70	20	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	170	95	80	30	25	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	210	175	35	70	45	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	45	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	710	465	240	90	50	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	585	410	175	35	30	0
25. Library science	60	10	55	15	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	55	35	20	35	15	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,555	9,110	440	265	250	15
04. Architecture and related services	55	30	25	20	20	10
14. Engineering	670	590	80	85	75	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,715	1,555	155	70	75	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,455	2,420	35	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,410	3,315	95	35	35	0
48. Precision production	1,240	1,190	50	15	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,545	1,045	495	95	45	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,155	810	340	45	20	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	390	235	155	50	25	25
Health and related fields	7,325	1,235	6,095	315	80	240
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	350	185	170	50	30	20
51. Health professions and related programs	6,840	950	5,895	260	50	210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	135	95	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,940	1,290	1,645	80	55	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,670	335	1,335	60	35	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	30	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	745	490	265	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	465	425	45	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	52,380	25,850	26,530	1,780	865	915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,595	12,230	11,370	355	185	170
Education	2,165	565	1,605	155	30	120
13. Education	2,165	565	1,605	155	35	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	610	235	375	85	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	135	90	45	10	15	0
50. Visual and performing arts	475	150	330	70	20	55
Humanities	770	340	435	145	75	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	20	25	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	120	45	75	55	20	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	290	110	185	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	20	20	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	215	115	100	10	10	0
54. History	50	30	20	25	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	10	10	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,010	525	1,490	180	65	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	20	40	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	120	60	55	0	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	805	50	755	25	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	310	90	215	20	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	25	10	10	0
42. Psychology	280	80	200	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	415	205	205	70	25	40
Business, management and public administration	5,700	1,565	4,140	175	80	100
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	610	105	505	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,075	1,450	3,620	155	70	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	550	300	250	115	60	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	235	110	130	45	10	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	55	55	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	135	110	30	55	40	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	585	380	205	65	40	30
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	510	350	160	25	20	0
25. Library science	35	0	30	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	30	15	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,300	6,920	380	175	165	10
04. Architecture and related services	35	15	20	20	20	10
14. Engineering	530	465	70	45	45	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,455	1,310	145	45	45	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,810	1,780	35	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,570	2,495	75	30	20	10
48. Precision production	890	855	35	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,185	785	390	70	35	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	865	590	275	30	10	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	315	195	120	40	25	20
Health and related fields	5,565	965	4,595	190	55	130
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	270	140	130	30	20	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,190	760	4,435	155	30	120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	100	70	35	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,340	1,035	1,300	65	45	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,280	260	1,015	50	25	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	660	410	250	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	395	350	40	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	80,285	39,590	40,695	3,555	1,635	1,920
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	42,610	21,485	21,125	1,215	580	635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	37,675	18,105	19,570	2,340	1,055	1,290
Location of study inside Canada	33,700	16,090	17,610	2,005	885	1,115
Same as province or territory of residence	26,660	12,800	13,855	1,320	570	745
Different than province or territory of residence	7,045	3,290	3,755	685	320	370
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,970	2,015	1,960	335	165	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,870	925	950	120	70	45
Philippines	295	120	170	10	0	10
India	205	95	115	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	520	325	200	90	55	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	20	20	30	20	15
France	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other	1,030	530	500	90	25	65
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	52,380	25,850	26,530	1,780	860	920
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,600	12,225	11,370	350	190	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	28,785	13,620	15,165	1,425	680	755
Location of study inside Canada	25,870	12,285	13,590	1,250	605	650
Same as province or territory of residence	20,920	10,050	10,870	835	410	425
Different than province or territory of residence	4,950	2,230	2,720	420	195	220
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,910	1,340	1,570	180	75	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,155	445	710	40	30	10
Philippines	275	115	160	10	0	10
India	195	90	110	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	415	255	165	35	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	20	15	20	10	10
France	0	10	0	0	0	10
Other	820	410	410	65	15	55
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	80,285	39,590	40,695	3,560	1,635	1,920
In the labour force	51,725	27,970	23,750	1,960	910	1,050
Employed	46,945	24,665	22,280	1,660	765	900
Unemployed	4,775	3,310	1,470	300	150	150
Not in the labour force	28,560	11,620	16,945	1,595	725	875
Participation rate	64.4	70.6	58.4	55.1	55.7	54.7
Employment rate	58.5	62.3	54.7	46.6	46.8	46.9
Unemployment rate	9.2	11.8	6.2	15.3	16.5	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	80,285	39,585	40,695	3,555	1,635	1,925
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,110	9,925	15,180	1,365	610	750
Worked	55,175	29,665	25,515	2,195	1,020	1,170
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	25,745	15,360	10,385	795	475	320
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	29,430	14,300	15,130	1,400	545	850
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.1	41.1	37.6	39.5	35.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	51,720	27,970	23,755	1,960	905	1,050
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	770	445	325	40	20	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	50,955	27,525	23,425	1,920	890	1,030
Employee	43,540	22,635	20,910	1,770	820	950
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,415	4,895	2,520	155	75	80
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	51,725	27,970	23,755	1,960	910	1,050
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	765	440	325	35	15	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	50,950	27,530	23,430	1,925	895	1,035
0 Management occupations	5,765	3,890	1,875	155	105	50
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	6,505	1,490	5,015	185	55	130
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,040	1,710	330	185	130	55
3 Health occupations	4,150	740	3,410	175	55	120
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,345	1,680	3,665	455	155	295
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	900	290	605	65	15	55
6 Sales and service occupations	11,510	4,525	6,980	505	210	290
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,515	8,885	630	85	80	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,365	2,740	630	65	40	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,860	1,575	290	50	45	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	51,725	27,970	23,755	1,960	910	1,050
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	765	445	325	40	15	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	50,955	27,525	23,425	1,925	895	1,030
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,540	2,505	1,035	75	35	40
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,930	2,670	255	20	20	0
22 Utilities	270	250	20	10	0	10
23 Construction	5,180	4,485	695	60	55	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,225	1,820	400	100	75	20
41 Wholesale trade	1,320	915	405	30	25	10
44-45 Retail trade	5,905	2,685	3,220	145	75	75
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,225	1,600	620	30	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	565	300	270	35	20	15
52 Finance and insurance	1,120	335	780	55	30	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	640	345	300	20	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,250	1,145	1,105	100	55	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	15	30	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,655	970	690	50	30	20
61 Educational services	3,685	960	2,720	410	145	265
62 Health care and social assistance	6,770	1,100	5,675	295	95	195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,040	555	485	30	10	25
72 Accommodation and food services	3,460	1,280	2,175	235	95	145
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,575	1,315	1,260	85	35	50
91 Public administration	3,545	2,270	1,275	155	75	80
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	46,945	24,665	22,280	1,660	765	900
Worked at home	4,410	2,210	2,205	135	60	75
Worked outside Canada	120	95	25	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,980	5,575	1,405	130	75	55
Worked at usual place	35,425	16,780	18,645	1,400	630	765
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	35,425	16,785	18,645	1,395	630	770
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	24,085	10,500	13,585	625	255	370
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,825	4,640	4,190	525	230	295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,185	1,435	750	215	120	95
Commute to a different province or territory	330	210	120	40	25	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	42,410	22,360	20,050	1,530	705	830
Car, truck, van - as a driver	36,935	19,580	17,355	1,020	480	540
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,150	1,085	1,065	100	25	75
Public transit	730	325	405	30	10	20
Walked	1,670	750	920	335	150	180
Bicycle	285	205	80	25	15	15
Other method	635	415	215	20	20	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	42,415	22,365	20,050	1,530	700	825
Less than 15 minutes	20,855	9,815	11,035	640	245	395
15 to 29 minutes	13,730	7,225	6,505	600	305	295
30 to 44 minutes	4,110	2,540	1,570	115	35	80
45 to 59 minutes	1,520	950	570	40	25	15
60 minutes and over	2,200	1,835	370	135	85	50
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	42,410	22,360	20,050	1,530	700	825
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,485	1,885	605	40	30	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	7,910	5,445	2,460	165	85	80
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,060	7,335	5,725	395	195	200
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,060	3,420	5,635	480	205	280
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,815	1,455	2,360	200	80	130
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,085	2,815	3,265	250	120	130
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	56,945	30,470	26,480	2,270	1,060	1,215
Single responses	56,770	30,390	26,375	2,265	1,055	1,215
Official languages	56,495	30,215	26,280	2,255	1,050	1,210
English	56,420	30,190	26,230	2,240	1,045	1,185
French	75	20	50	20	0	20
Non-official languages	275	175	100	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	40	30	15	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	235	150	80	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	120	40	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	105	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	105	80	25	0	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	30	25	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	15	10	10	10	0	10
Cantonese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	15	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	75	105	0	10	0
English and French	35	10	20	0	10	0
English and non-official language	140	60	80	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	56,950	30,465	26,480	2,275	1,055	1,215
None	55,170	29,390	25,780	2,175	1,030	1,140
English	265	160	110	20	0	20
French	275	175	105	60	20	40
Non-official language	1,205	735	475	20	10	10
Aboriginal	615	310	310	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	585	420	165	20	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	99,485	49,360	50,125	3,905	1,800	2,105
Non-movers	85,610	42,535	43,070	3,030	1,405	1,630
Movers	13,870	6,825	7,050	880	395	480
Non-migrants	8,490	4,240	4,255	450	170	280
Migrants	5,380	2,585	2,795	425	230	195
Internal migrants	4,665	2,270	2,400	375	195	185
Intraprovincial migrants	3,450	1,720	1,730	250	145	110
Interprovincial migrants	1,215	545	670	125	50	70
External migrants	715	315	395	50	35	15
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	94,300	46,780	47,515	3,805	1,740	2,065
Non-movers	57,195	28,595	28,600	1,870	840	1,035
Movers	37,105	18,185	18,915	1,935	900	1,030
Non-migrants	20,100	9,975	10,130	655	305	350
Migrants	17,005	8,220	8,785	1,280	600	685
Internal migrants	14,645	7,065	7,585	1,065	485	575
Intraprovincial migrants	9,880	4,775	5,110	650	315	335
Interprovincial migrants	4,770	2,295	2,475	410	175	235
External migrants	2,355	1,155	1,205	220	115	110

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Wolfville, T [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Medicine Hat--Cardston--Warner [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Wolfville, Town [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia