Census Profile, 2016 Census
Red Deer--Lacombe [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Grandview, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Red Deer--Lacombe Alberta [Federal electoral district]			Grandview, MU Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Red Deer--Lacombe [Federal electoral district], Alberta Map : Red Deer--Lacombe [Federal electoral district], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Grandview, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	128,786	...	...	1,482	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	113,693	...	...	1,508^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	13.3	...	...	-1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	53,842	...	...	778	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	48,425	...	...	669	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	20.7	...	...	1.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6,217.91	...	...	1,154.81	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	128,785	64,725	64,060	1,485	715	770
0 to 14 years	27,150	13,980	13,170	240	125	115
0 to 4 years	9,350	4,810	4,540	80	50	30
5 to 9 years	9,500	4,915	4,590	80	35	40
10 to 14 years	8,300	4,255	4,040	80	45	40
15 to 64 years	86,395	43,635	42,760	770	370	410
15 to 19 years	8,075	4,120	3,950	70	25	45
20 to 24 years	8,220	4,120	4,100	45	25	25
25 to 29 years	9,800	5,055	4,740	55	30	30
30 to 34 years	10,555	5,330	5,220	65	35	35
35 to 39 years	9,190	4,700	4,490	75	35	45
40 to 44 years	8,110	4,220	3,885	65	40	25
45 to 49 years	7,730	3,810	3,920	60	30	35
50 to 54 years	8,735	4,240	4,490	85	40	40
55 to 59 years	8,795	4,375	4,420	100	45	60
60 to 64 years	7,185	3,650	3,535	140	70	70
65 years and over	15,245	7,110	8,130	470	220	250
65 to 69 years	5,335	2,635	2,700	115	60	60
70 to 74 years	3,565	1,765	1,795	110	60	55
75 to 79 years	2,595	1,185	1,405	80	50	30
80 to 84 years	1,785	795	990	60	20	40
85 years and over	1,965	730	1,235	100	35	65
85 to 89 years	1,325	550	775	50	20	25
90 to 94 years	505	145	355	35	15	20
95 to 99 years	115	30	90	15	0	15
100 years and over	20	5	15	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.1	21.6	20.6	16.2	17.5	14.9
15 to 64 years	67.1	67.4	66.7	51.9	51.7	53.2
65 years and over	11.8	11.0	12.7	31.6	30.8	32.5
85 years and over	1.5	1.1	1.9	6.7	4.9	8.4
Average age of the population	36.9	36.2	37.5	48.4	47.3	49.4
Median age of the population	35.3	34.8	35.9	53.5	52.8	54.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	48,425	...	...	670	...	...
Single-detached house	31,310	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	325	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,720	...	...	55	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,815	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	3,720	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,190	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,920	...	...	50	...	...
Other single-attached house	75	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	3,070	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	48,425	...	...	670	...	...
1 person	11,250	...	...	235	...	...
2 persons	17,430	...	...	270	...	...
3 persons	7,705	...	...	65	...	...
4 persons	6,860	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	5,175	...	...	45	...	...
Number of persons in private households	126,315	...	...	1,420	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	101,635	50,745	50,890	1,240	585	655
Married or living common law	60,400	30,255	30,145	730	365	365
Married	48,310	24,225	24,080	640	320	320
Living common law	12,090	6,025	6,065	95	45	45
Not married and not living common law	41,235	20,485	20,740	510	220	290
Never married	27,295	15,400	11,895	250	130	120
Separated	2,695	1,180	1,515	30	15	15
Divorced	6,630	2,885	3,745	75	35	40
Widowed	4,610	1,020	3,595	155	35	120
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	35,545	...	...	425	...	...
2 persons	17,845	...	...	275	...	...
3 persons	7,315	...	...	60	...	...
4 persons	6,530	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	3,850	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	35,540	...	...	420	...	...
Total couple families	29,535	...	...	360	...	...
Married couples	23,490	...	...	315	...	...
Common-law couples	6,045	...	...	45	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,005	...	...	60	...	...
Female parent	4,595	...	...	45	...	...
Male parent	1,410	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	29,535	...	...	360	...	...
Couples without children	14,460	...	...	235	...	...
Couples with children	15,080	...	...	125	...	...
1 child	5,600	...	...	50	...	...
2 children	5,950	...	...	40	...	...
3 or more children	3,530	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,005	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	3,395	...	...	40	...	...
2 children	1,715	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	895	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	21,345	11,575	9,770	280	140	145
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	48,425	...	...	670	...	...
One-census-family households	33,500	...	...	415	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,820	...	...	235	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	19,680	...	...	180	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	980	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,940	...	...	250	...	...
One-person households	11,250	...	...	235	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,690	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	127,040	63,925	63,110	1,430	700	725
English only	121,040	61,220	59,820	1,405	690	710
French only	75	30	50	0	0	0
English and French	5,350	2,410	2,940	25	10	15
Neither English nor French	570	260	305	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	127,035	63,925	63,110	1,430	700	730
English	124,980	62,900	62,075	1,410	695	720
French	1,350	705	645	10	5	5
English and French	170	75	95	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	535	245	295	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,435	745	690	10	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.2	1.1	0.7	0.7	0.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	127,035	63,925	63,110	1,430	700	730
Single responses	125,355	63,095	62,260	1,410	690	715
Official languages	112,255	56,630	55,625	1,245	615	630
English	110,800	55,865	54,935	1,235	610	625
French	1,460	765	695	15	5	10
Non-official languages	13,100	6,465	6,635	160	75	85
Aboriginal languages	1,615	780	830	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,575	770	805	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	1,550	755	795	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	65	35	30	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	5	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	1,475	715	760	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Siouan languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dakota	10	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	5	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,485	5,680	5,805	165	80	85
Afro-Asiatic languages	405	230	170	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	45	25	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	340	195	145	0	0	0
Amharic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	290	175	115	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	30	10	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	215	105	110	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	160	80	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,335	1,555	1,775	0	0	0
Bikol	20	15	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	95	40	55	0	0	0
Fijian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	40	15	30	0	0	0
Ilocano	160	75	90	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Pangasinan	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,900	1,360	1,540	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	50	30	25	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,170	3,125	3,045	160	75	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,215	605	605	105	50	60
Baltic languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,195	595	600	105	50	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	35	20	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	145	70	70	0	0	0
Russian	310	135	170	0	0	0
Serbian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	550	295	255	105	50	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	10	10	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,720	1,360	1,355	50	25	20
Afrikaans	110	55	60	5	0	0
Danish	90	45	50	0	0	0
Dutch	1,075	560	515	10	5	5
Frisian	45	20	20	0	0	0
German	1,345	660	685	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	30	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	735	385	345	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	525	280	245	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	30	30	0	0	0
Hindi	120	70	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	130	65	65	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	25	15	0	0	0
Urdu	125	70	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	200	105	100	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	30	10	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	165	90	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,430	725	705	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	25	15	0	0	0
Romanian	115	60	55	0	0	0
Spanish	1,225	620	605	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	5	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	250	125	125	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	155	80	75	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	20	5	10	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	30	15	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	30	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dinka	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	460	220	245	5	5	5
Chinese languages	435	205	230	5	0	5
Cantonese	240	125	115	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	150	65	85	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	15	25	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	85	35	55	0	0	0
Lao	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	60	20	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	140	65	75	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	45	40	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,680	830	850	20	5	10
English and French	240	115	125	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,390	685	700	20	10	10
French and non-official language	25	15	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	127,035	63,925	63,110	1,430	700	730
Single responses	123,860	62,375	61,490	1,390	685	710
Official languages	117,965	59,375	58,585	1,375	675	700
English	117,545	59,170	58,380	1,375	675	700
French	415	210	210	0	0	0
Non-official languages	5,900	2,995	2,905	15	5	5
Aboriginal languages	450	210	245	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	450	205	240	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	450	205	240	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	440	200	235	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,445	2,790	2,660	15	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	280	150	120	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	240	135	105	0	0	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	205	120	85	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	10	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	65	70	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	45	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,745	885	855	0	0	0
Bikol	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	65	30	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,610	820	785	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,540	1,300	1,240	10	5	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	575	300	275	5	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	575	300	275	5	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Russian	160	75	85	0	0	0
Serbian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	315	170	140	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	665	345	325	5	0	5
Afrikaans	55	20	30	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	185	100	85	5	0	0
Frisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	405	205	200	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	455	225	225	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	310	160	150	0	0	0
Bengali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	60	30	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	95	45	45	0	0	0
Iranian languages	140	65	75	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	15	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	125	65	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	825	425	405	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Spanish	750	385	370	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	200	105	100	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	275	135	140	5	0	5
Chinese languages	255	120	130	5	5	5
Cantonese	140	75	70	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	40	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	5	10	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Lao	25	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	30	15	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,170	1,550	1,625	40	15	20
English and French	145	75	70	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,980	1,465	1,515	40	15	20
French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	127,035	63,925	63,110	1,430	700	725
None	117,855	59,390	58,465	1,355	670	685
English	2,875	1,490	1,385	5	5	5
French	935	430	510	5	5	0
Non-official language	5,240	2,545	2,690	60	25	35
Aboriginal	1,840	935	905	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,395	1,610	1,780	60	25	40
English and French	10	5	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	40	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	99,260	49,685	49,575	1,180	570	610
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	94,590	47,395	47,195	1,155	560	595
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,129	52,833	29,701	29,216	32,512	26,976
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	94,610	47,405	47,210	1,155	560	595
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,269	45,504	27,639	26,995	29,312	25,376
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,590	44,695	41,895	1,065	525	535
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,700	52,785	28,112	23,840	26,944	21,024
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,980	22,720	34,255	930	430	495
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,141	5,162	5,133	10,168	10,803	9,848
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,905	39,540	35,365	820	430	390
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,134	51,987	28,280	24,896	24,896	24,832
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	99,185	49,740	49,445	1,160	540	620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,545	47,445	47,105	1,115	525	585
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,824	72,211	39,320	35,078	38,602	31,918
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	94,570	47,450	47,125	1,115	525	585
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,863	57,711	33,932	30,436	33,017	28,121
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	86,460	44,785	41,680	1,040	510	530
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,984	72,517	38,219	28,764	31,716	25,909
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,200	22,965	34,235	910	420	490
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,651	7,762	7,576	10,194	9,985	10,372
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,815	39,625	35,195	840	440	400
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,362	65,776	35,136	27,712	27,933	27,468
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	99,185	49,745	49,445	1,165	540	620
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	32,315	18,820	13,490	375	200	175
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,621	68,630	45,874	37,890	34,431	39,076
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	68,711	80,734	51,936	41,614	41,852	41,350
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.5	94.7	85.8	79.2	82.1	76.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.1	76.4	67.0	62.9	64.6	61.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.5	5.3	14.2	21.0	18.6	23.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	99,260	49,685	49,575	1,180	570	615
Without total income	4,670	2,290	2,385	30	10	20
With total income	94,590	47,395	47,195	1,155	560	590
Percentage with total income	95.3	95.4	95.2	97.9	98.2	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	12,825	4,675	8,150	130	55	75
$10,000 to $19,999	12,505	4,525	7,985	240	115	125
$20,000 to $29,999	12,305	4,655	7,650	220	95	125
$30,000 to $39,999	10,500	4,375	6,125	155	70	85
$40,000 to $49,999	9,320	4,285	5,030	120	55	65
$50,000 to $59,999	7,765	4,035	3,730	75	45	35
$60,000 to $69,999	6,100	3,610	2,490	65	35	25
$70,000 to $79,999	4,915	3,215	1,695	55	35	15
$80,000 to $89,999	3,845	2,665	1,180	35	20	20
$90,000 to $99,999	3,215	2,200	1,020	20	10	10
$100,000 and over	11,295	9,155	2,140	40	25	15
$100,000 to $149,999	7,445	5,865	1,580	35	25	10
$150,000 and over	3,850	3,290	560	10	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	99,260	49,680	49,575	1,185	570	610
Without after-tax income	4,655	2,285	2,370	30	10	20
With after-tax income	94,610	47,400	47,210	1,155	560	590
Percentage with after-tax income	95.3	95.4	95.2	97.5	98.2	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	13,105	4,785	8,320	130	55	80
$10,000 to $19,999	13,070	4,710	8,360	260	125	135
$20,000 to $29,999	14,240	5,475	8,765	235	100	135
$30,000 to $39,999	12,725	5,600	7,120	195	80	110
$40,000 to $49,999	10,955	5,545	5,415	115	65	50
$50,000 to $59,999	8,360	4,890	3,475	90	60	30
$60,000 to $69,999	6,155	4,110	2,045	55	30	30
$70,000 to $79,999	4,630	3,230	1,400	30	10	20
$80,000 and over	11,360	9,060	2,305	40	25	15
$80,000 to $89,999	3,370	2,465	905	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,215	1,740	470	15	10	5
$100,000 and over	5,775	4,845	935	15	10	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	99,265	49,685	49,580	1,185	570	615
Without employment income	24,355	10,140	14,215	355	140	220
With employment income	74,900	39,540	35,365	825	430	390
Percentage with employment income	75.5	79.6	71.3	69.6	75.4	63.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,955	3,800	5,155	175	100	75
$5,000 to $9,999	5,430	2,210	3,220	65	25	40
$10,000 to $19,999	8,840	3,450	5,390	110	55	50
$20,000 to $29,999	7,715	3,010	4,700	110	55	60
$30,000 to $39,999	7,885	3,340	4,550	105	45	60
$40,000 to $49,999	6,985	3,360	3,630	65	40	30
$50,000 to $59,999	5,920	3,115	2,800	50	30	25
$60,000 to $69,999	4,705	2,930	1,775	30	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,825	2,600	1,225	45	25	20
$80,000 and over	14,645	11,740	2,910	70	35	35
$80,000 to $89,999	3,090	2,240	845	25	10	15
$90,000 to $99,999	2,670	1,890	785	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	8,885	7,610	1,280	30	20	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	48,425	...	...	670	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	84,769	...	...	52,181	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,424	...	...	47,200	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,250	...	...	240	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,852	...	...	27,968	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,219	...	...	26,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	37,175	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,183	...	...	66,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,081	...	...	58,795	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	48,395	...	...	670	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,061	...	...	58,520	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	89,622	...	...	50,776	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,250	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	58,085	...	...	36,685	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,746	...	...	31,764	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	37,145	...	...	390	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	124,499	...	...	74,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,304	...	...	64,329	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	48,425	...	...	665	...	...
Under $5,000	755	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	475	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	620	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,280	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,940	...	...	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,500	...	...	40	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,570	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,745	...	...	45	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,735	...	...	35	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,625	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,410	...	...	70	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,090	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,060	...	...	50	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,940	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,800	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 and over	19,890	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,930	...	...	55	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,455	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5,270	...	...	30	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,240	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	48,425	...	...	670	...	...
Under $5,000	825	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	480	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	630	...	...	15	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,340	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,100	...	...	60	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,685	...	...	35	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,830	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,005	...	...	50	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,180	...	...	40	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,025	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,965	...	...	75	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,785	...	...	55	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,845	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,500	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,085	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,135	...	...	75	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,105	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,820	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,210	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	35,135	...	...	425	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,137	...	...	66,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,555	...	...	58,795	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,535	...	...	225	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,205	...	...	61,517	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,128	...	...	55,424	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	15,180	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,799	...	...	93,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,008	...	...	81,408	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,390	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,432	...	...	46,208	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,584	...	...	45,824	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	35,075	...	...	385	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	123,237	...	...	73,363	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,107	...	...	63,741	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,500	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	121,260	...	...	67,798	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,079	...	...	58,468	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	15,150	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	144,153	...	...	92,555	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,342	...	...	80,467	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,390	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,822	...	...	48,616	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,462	...	...	44,009	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,145	9,925	8,220	255	130	130
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	39,178	46,169	32,883	27,136	31,680	24,480
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,918	39,891	30,221	25,344	27,968	23,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	18,125	9,915	8,210	290	135	150
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	52,739	62,123	41,407	37,216	39,725	34,992
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,657	50,209	35,746	32,175	33,261	31,212
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	126,315	63,610	62,700	1,420	695	720
In the bottom half of the distribution	57,255	27,605	29,650	925	440	480
In the bottom decile	12,385	6,005	6,380	135	65	70
In the second decile	10,575	4,845	5,730	270	130	140
In the third decile	10,980	5,220	5,755	175	75	90
In the fourth decile	11,225	5,465	5,760	185	90	100
In the fifth decile	12,095	6,075	6,020	155	75	80
In the top half of the distribution	69,060	36,010	33,050	495	250	240
In the sixth decile	12,495	6,370	6,125	140	70	70
In the seventh decile	12,880	6,635	6,245	95	50	45
In the eighth decile	13,705	7,140	6,570	125	65	65
In the ninth decile	14,490	7,580	6,910	80	40	40
In the top decile	15,485	8,280	7,205	50	25	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	118,705	59,710	59,000	1,420	700	725
0 to 17 years	28,495	14,615	13,880	285	145	145
0 to 5 years	10,045	5,210	4,835	95	55	40
18 to 64 years	76,710	38,570	38,135	710	340	370
65 years and over	13,510	6,525	6,985	425	210	215
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,105	5,600	6,510	295	145	150
0 to 17 years	4,065	2,110	1,955	75	35	40
0 to 5 years	1,510	795	710	30	20	15
18 to 64 years	6,825	3,025	3,800	120	60	65
65 years and over	1,215	465	750	95	45	50
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.2	9.4	11.0	20.8	20.7	20.7
0 to 17 years (%)	14.3	14.4	14.1	26.3	24.1	27.6
0 to 5 years (%)	15.0	15.3	14.7	31.6	36.4	37.5
18 to 64 years (%)	8.9	7.8	10.0	16.9	17.6	17.6
65 years and over (%)	9.0	7.1	10.7	22.4	21.4	23.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,415	3,075	3,345	50	25	20
0 to 17 years	2,100	1,090	1,005	10	5	10
0 to 5 years	795	415	380	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	4,110	1,885	2,225	35	20	15
65 years and over	210	95	110	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.4	5.1	5.7	3.5	3.6	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	7.4	7.5	7.2	3.5	3.4	6.9
0 to 5 years (%)	7.9	8.0	7.9	5.3	0.0	12.5
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	4.9	5.8	4.9	5.9	4.1
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.5	1.6	1.2	0.0	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	126,145	63,615	62,530	1,420	680	740
Official languages	125,545	63,325	62,215	1,420	680	740
English	125,455	63,290	62,160	1,420	685	740
French	5,370	2,420	2,950	35	20	15
Non-official languages	17,830	8,760	9,070	255	125	130
Aboriginal languages	2,910	1,440	1,470	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	2,865	1,425	1,440	10	10	0
Blackfoot	20	0	10	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,825	1,400	1,425	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	85	35	50	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	2,735	1,365	1,365	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	25	0	0	10	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dakota	20	15	0	0	0	0
Stoney	10	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	14,935	7,330	7,605	250	120	125
Afro-Asiatic languages	515	290	230	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	90	40	50	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	420	245	175	0	0	0
Amharic	25	10	20	0	0	0
Arabic	365	210	155	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	15	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	255	100	150	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	105	35	70	0	0	0
Vietnamese	160	75	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	4,530	2,110	2,420	0	0	0
Bikol	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	155	60	100	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	285	105	180	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	55	35	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Pangasinan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,350	2,020	2,330	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	15	10	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	65	35	35	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	50	15	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	100	60	45	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	15	0	0	0
Telugu	30	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,795	3,890	3,900	245	120	125
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,320	650	670	170	90	85
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,315	645	670	170	90	85
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Croatian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	155	65	90	0	0	0
Russian	565	295	270	0	0	0
Serbian	75	25	45	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	610	325	280	170	90	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,125	1,590	1,535	70	30	35
Afrikaans	215	110	105	0	0	0
Danish	105	30	70	0	0	0
Dutch	1,205	625	575	10	0	0
Frisian	50	35	15	0	0	0
German	1,550	815	740	60	25	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Swedish	50	10	35	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	840	460	380	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	605	340	270	0	0	10
Bengali	60	35	25	10	0	0
Gujarati	50	15	30	0	0	0
Hindi	245	130	110	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	10	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	170	90	75	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	95	55	40	0	0	0
Urdu	120	70	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	235	125	110	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	15	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	230	125	105	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,610	1,250	1,360	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	160	85	75	0	0	0
Portuguese	120	50	65	0	0	0
Romanian	170	90	80	0	0	0
Spanish	2,250	1,085	1,170	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	135	80	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	280	145	140	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	340	175	165	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	90	40	45	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	65	35	35	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	50	20	30	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	70	45	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Dinka	60	30	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	190	90	105	0	0	0
American Sign Language	80	35	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	115	55	60	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	610	295	315	0	0	0
Chinese languages	585	285	305	0	0	0
Cantonese	340	160	180	0	0	0
Hakka	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	295	125	165	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	130	55	80	0	0	0
Lao	40	20	20	0	0	0
Thai	90	35	60	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	155	85	65	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Finnish	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	55	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	126,145	63,615	62,530	1,420	680	740
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	118,795	59,975	58,825	1,390	670	725
Canadian citizens aged under 18	30,480	15,675	14,805	320	155	160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	88,315	44,300	44,015	1,075	510	560
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	7,345	3,640	3,705	25	15	15
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	126,140	63,615	62,525	1,420	680	740
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	112,060	56,665	55,400	1,370	660	715
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	12,780	6,240	6,535	45	20	25
Before 1981	2,560	1,265	1,295	15	10	10
1981 to 1990	1,100	550	550	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,565	740	830	35	15	20
2001 to 2010	3,380	1,660	1,720	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	1,210	595	615	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	2,175	1,065	1,105	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	4,170	2,030	2,140	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,305	710	595	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	12,780	6,245	6,535	45	20	25
Under 5 years	1,295	615	685	10	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,695	1,430	1,270	10	0	10
15 to 24 years	2,480	1,190	1,290	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	5,495	2,580	2,910	25	10	10
45 years and over	810	425	380	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	12,775	6,245	6,530	50	25	25
Americas	2,120	920	1,200	10	0	10
Brazil	25	0	25	0	0	0
Colombia	130	50	80	0	0	0
El Salvador	460	230	235	0	0	0
Guyana	35	10	20	0	0	0
Haiti	60	20	40	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	15	30	0	0	0
Mexico	115	40	70	0	0	0
Peru	30	10	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	30	0	30	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	820	340	485	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	360	190	170	0	0	0
Europe	4,055	2,060	1,990	45	20	20
Bosnia and Herzegovina	45	15	30	0	0	0
Croatia	40	20	20	0	0	0
France	30	10	15	10	10	10
Germany	460	235	225	10	10	0
Greece	45	30	15	0	0	0
Hungary	35	25	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	45	35	15	0	0	0
Italy	40	25	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	915	495	420	0	0	0
Poland	120	65	60	0	0	0
Portugal	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romania	145	90	55	0	0	0
Russian Federation	125	55	65	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	265	135	135	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,310	660	645	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	380	150	235	10	0	10
Africa	805	445	360	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kenya	20	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	125	60	60	0	0	0
Somalia	50	35	20	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	200	105	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	335	190	145	0	0	0
Asia	5,670	2,760	2,905	0	0	0
Afghanistan	90	50	45	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	25	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	265	135	135	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	55	35	20	0	0	0
India	300	180	115	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	50	30	25	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japan	25	0	25	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	190	95	90	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	20	0	0	0
Pakistan	80	50	30	0	0	0
Philippines	3,760	1,760	1,995	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	85	60	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	115	60	55	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	145	75	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	425	200	225	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	130	55	75	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,170	2,030	2,140	0	0	0
Americas	385	170	215	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	20	0	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	20	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	40	40	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	200	90	110	0	0	0
Europe	535	295	240	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Romania	50	20	25	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	215	120	100	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	135	90	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	30	40	0	0	0
Africa	240	105	130	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	30	10	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	65	30	35	0	0	0
Somalia	15	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	15	20	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	60	25	35	0	0	0
Asia	2,985	1,440	1,545	0	0	0
Afghanistan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	80	55	30	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Philippines	2,395	1,150	1,245	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	50	30	25	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	110	60	55	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	65	60	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	126,140	63,615	62,530	1,420	680	740
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	14,680	7,260	7,420	55	20	30
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	17,300	8,565	8,735	190	75	115
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	94,165	47,790	46,375	1,180	585	595
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10,350	5,045	5,305	35	15	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	6,830	3,430	3,400	35	15	20
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,600	1,675	925	15	15	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,225	1,760	2,470	20	0	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,280	940	1,345	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,150	635	515	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	85	40	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	126,140	63,615	62,525	1,420	680	740
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	14,420	7,185	7,240	190	115	80
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	14,265	7,090	7,175	165	105	65
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10,140	5,085	5,055	75	50	25
Métis	4,065	1,970	2,090	90	55	35
Inuk (Inuit)	65	40	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	95	70	25	20	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	60	25	40	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	111,720	56,430	55,290	1,225	565	660
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	126,140	63,615	62,530	1,420	680	740
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	9,520	4,730	4,795	105	60	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	116,620	58,885	57,735	1,320	625	695
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	126,145	63,615	62,530	1,420	680	740
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	8,605	4,405	4,200	40	20	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	8,525	4,365	4,160	35	20	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	7,995	4,085	3,910	30	20	10
Métis single ancestry	515	275	245	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	80	45	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	75	40	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	8,010	3,805	4,205	145	75	75
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,700	3,640	4,060	115	55	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,385	2,035	2,345	40	15	25
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,235	1,555	1,675	70	40	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	40	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	315	165	150	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	285	155	130	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	109,525	55,405	54,120	1,240	590	650
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	126,140	63,615	62,525	1,420	680	740
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	11,160	5,465	5,695	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	975	530	440	0	0	0
Chinese	810	415	395	0	0	0
Black	1,445	710	730	0	0	0
Filipino	4,865	2,310	2,555	0	0	0
Latin American	1,230	610	615	0	0	0
Arab	270	155	115	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	510	210	295	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	230	120	110	0	0	0
Korean	290	145	145	0	0	0
Japanese	155	75	80	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	95	50	45	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	290	120	170	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	114,985	58,150	56,835	1,415	680	735
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	126,145	63,615	62,530	1,420	680	740
North American Aboriginal origins	16,620	8,210	8,405	180	90	90
First Nations (North American Indian)	12,760	6,325	6,435	105	55	50
Inuit	125	65	60	0	0	0
Métis	4,130	2,030	2,100	105	55	50
Other North American origins	35,995	18,340	17,655	295	140	150
Acadian	100	35	65	10	0	0
American	2,445	1,165	1,275	0	0	0
Canadian	34,255	17,490	16,765	290	135	150
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	65	25	35	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	89,230	44,645	44,590	1,205	575	630
British Isles origins	57,495	28,175	29,315	700	325	370
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	32,660	15,805	16,850	440	215	230
Irish	21,215	9,935	11,275	240	105	135
Manx	10	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	25,600	12,570	13,030	425	175	245
Welsh	3,170	1,540	1,630	15	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,510	1,165	1,345	10	0	0
French origins	13,090	6,440	6,645	130	55	70
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	13,090	6,440	6,645	130	55	70
Western European origins (except French origins)	35,690	17,665	18,020	315	155	160
Austrian	880	490	385	20	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	620	330	290	20	10	10
Dutch	9,130	4,555	4,580	30	15	15
Flemish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Frisian	30	20	10	0	0	0
German	27,090	13,385	13,700	270	125	140
Luxembourger	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	970	445	525	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	20	0	25	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	14,220	6,775	7,445	55	25	25
Danish	2,580	1,200	1,380	10	10	0
Finnish	890	450	445	0	0	0
Icelandic	860	440	415	0	0	10
Norwegian	7,075	3,290	3,780	35	20	20
Swedish	4,040	1,915	2,125	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	565	300	265	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	19,255	9,610	9,640	520	250	275
Bulgarian	55	40	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Czech	525	265	260	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	365	180	185	0	0	0
Estonian	195	105	90	0	0	0
Hungarian	2,015	990	1,025	10	10	10
Latvian	70	25	45	0	0	0
Lithuanian	75	40	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	45	10	30	0	0	0
Polish	4,665	2,275	2,390	130	40	95
Romanian	895	450	445	0	0	0
Russian	3,615	1,820	1,795	70	40	30
Slovak	125	55	75	0	0	0
Ukrainian	9,735	4,945	4,785	450	225	220
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,625	2,220	2,410	15	15	0
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	195	90	110	10	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	390	220	175	0	0	0
Italian	2,275	1,100	1,175	15	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	60	30	25	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	285	105	185	0	0	0
Serbian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Spanish	1,235	585	650	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	135	65	75	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	715	435	280	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	175	90	85	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	45	10	30	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	485	325	165	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	525	265	260	0	0	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	80	60	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dominican	35	30	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Jamaican	235	90	145	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	40	35	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,565	765	805	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	50	25	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	10	30	0	0	0
Chilean	50	25	25	0	0	0
Colombian	195	90	105	0	0	0
Costa Rican	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	45	10	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	85	50	30	0	0	0
Honduran	35	10	25	0	0	0
Maya	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mexican	340	145	200	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Salvadorean	445	230	215	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	105	75	30	0	0	0
African origins	1,450	765	690	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	375	195	185	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	60	25	35	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	170	95	80	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	20	0	0	0	0
North African origins	235	145	85	0	0	0
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	35	25	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	45	25	20	0	0	0
Egyptian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	10	10	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	85	50	35	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	500	250	250	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	35	10	20	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	90	40	50	0	0	0
South African	230	110	120	0	0	0
Tanzanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Other African origins	350	180	175	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	300	145	150	0	0	0
Asian origins	8,865	4,305	4,560	10	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	720	355	365	0	0	0
Afghan	200	100	105	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	85	30	55	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Israeli	20	15	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	110	40	65	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	90	55	35	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	20	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	990	530	455	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	45	25	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	760	400	365	10	0	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	65	35	30	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	105	65	40	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	7,175	3,420	3,755	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	135	45	85	0	0	0
Chinese	1,330	635	700	0	0	0
Filipino	5,080	2,415	2,670	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Japanese	225	100	125	0	0	0
Karen	25	15	0	0	0	0
Korean	295	150	145	0	0	0
Laotian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	105	50	60	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	225	85	150	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	305	140	165	0	0	0
Australian	185	85	90	0	0	0
New Zealander	80	40	40	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	55	20	40	0	0	0
Fijian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	48,400	...	...	670	...	...
Owner	33,815	...	...	570	...	...
Renter	13,060	...	...	100	...	...
Band housing	1,520	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	48,395	...	...	670	...	...
Condominium	4,565	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	43,830	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	48,395	...	...	670	...	...
No bedrooms	115	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	3,115	...	...	60	...	...
2 bedrooms	10,040	...	...	190	...	...
3 bedrooms	16,645	...	...	240	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	18,485	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	48,395	...	...	670	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,180	...	...	125	...	...
5 rooms	7,760	...	...	190	...	...
6 rooms	7,310	...	...	105	...	...
7 rooms	6,950	...	...	85	...	...
8 or more rooms	17,200	...	...	165	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	48,400	...	...	670	...	...
One person or fewer per room	47,485	...	...	660	...	...
More than 1 person per room	915	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	48,395	...	...	670	...	...
Suitable	46,475	...	...	660	...	...
Not suitable	1,920	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	48,395	...	...	670	...	...
1960 or before	4,800	...	...	225	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,615	...	...	240	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,975	...	...	75	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,185	...	...	65	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,925	...	...	15	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,490	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	5,405	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	48,400	...	...	670	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	44,945	...	...	610	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,450	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	48,395	...	...	665	...	...
1 household maintainer	28,715	...	...	475	...	...
2 household maintainers	18,485	...	...	185	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,195	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	48,400	...	...	670	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,065	...	...	15	...	...
25 to 34 years	9,505	...	...	55	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,290	...	...	95	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,365	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,230	...	...	165	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,400	...	...	150	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,705	...	...	95	...	...
85 years and over	825	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	44,835	...	...	550	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	35,470	...	...	470	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,370	...	...	85	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,180	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	32,050	...	...	460	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	66.7	...	...	38.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.7	...	...	13.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,432	...	...	452	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,416	...	...	640	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	335,315	...	...	80,243	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	381,426	...	...	127,683	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,965	...	...	100	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.6	...	...	30.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.4	...	...	26.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,148	...	...	577	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,176	...	...	537	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	99,185	49,740	49,440	1,160	540	625
No certificate, diploma or degree	20,950	11,490	9,460	450	215	235
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	30,310	14,875	15,435	235	125	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,925	23,380	24,545	475	205	270
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,490	10,555	2,935	135	75	60
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,685	2,140	1,535	65	35	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	9,810	8,410	1,400	70	40	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,450	7,215	13,235	195	90	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,525	855	1,665	25	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,465	4,755	6,710	120	40	85
Bachelor's degree	8,600	3,255	5,345	95	20	75
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	625	295	335	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	350	255	95	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,670	825	850	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	215	130	80	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	69,285	34,805	34,480	650	295	355
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,320	5,925	4,395	155	80	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,420	10,225	10,195	145	80	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,545	18,655	19,890	345	140	205
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,595	8,430	2,170	85	50	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,755	1,670	1,085	40	20	20
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	7,840	6,760	1,080	45	30	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,570	5,730	10,840	150	65	80
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,905	705	1,205	15	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,470	3,790	5,685	95	20	75
Bachelor's degree	7,135	2,660	4,475	80	10	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	510	230	280	10	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	290	200	90	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,405	615	790	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	130	80	45	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	99,185	49,745	49,445	1,160	540	620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	51,260	26,360	24,900	690	335	355
Education	3,640	870	2,765	60	25	35
13. Education	3,640	870	2,770	60	20	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,045	430	615	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	190	120	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	855	305	555	0	0	0
Humanities	1,275	600	680	30	15	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	15	65	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	220	45	175	15	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	100	145	15	10	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	130	85	45	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	470	285	190	0	0	10
54. History	120	70	50	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,235	725	2,510	35	10	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	10	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	245	110	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,060	60	1,000	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	640	105	545	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	15	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	505	135	365	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	665	300	365	15	10	10
Business, management and public administration	8,655	2,170	6,485	60	10	50
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	0	40	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	810	140	670	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,810	2,035	5,770	50	10	45
Physical and life sciences and technologies	855	445	410	20	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	290	120	165	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	190	90	100	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	175	110	65	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	195	115	80	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	905	460	445	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	740	420	320	10	0	0
25. Library science	95	0	95	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	70	40	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	14,285	13,310	975	115	110	0
04. Architecture and related services	190	105	85	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,050	865	185	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,360	2,075	280	20	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,095	3,940	155	40	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,340	4,150	190	40	35	0
48. Precision production	2,250	2,165	90	15	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,965	1,335	630	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,585	1,085	500	15	15	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	375	250	125	10	10	0
Health and related fields	8,330	1,350	6,975	90	10	85
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	430	170	265	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	7,835	1,135	6,705	90	10	80
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	60	50	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,740	1,685	2,055	40	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	2,245	425	1,825	30	10	20
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	575	400	175	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	890	840	45	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	69,285	34,800	34,480	645	295	350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	30,740	16,150	14,595	295	155	145
Education	2,625	560	2,065	45	10	30
13. Education	2,625	560	2,065	40	10	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	785	295	490	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	130	75	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	650	220	435	0	0	0
Humanities	970	440	525	25	10	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	15	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	170	40	130	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	80	100	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	50	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	370	210	160	0	0	10
54. History	95	45	50	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,675	555	2,125	35	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	10	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	210	90	120	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	875	35	840	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	555	75	480	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	380	75	305	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	560	260	300	15	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,145	1,800	5,350	50	10	40
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	670	100	570	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,460	1,695	4,760	40	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	700	350	350	20	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	225	95	130	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	65	85	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	155	85	70	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	165	100	65	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	805	405	400	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	680	385	290	0	0	0
25. Library science	85	0	85	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	40	20	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,575	10,700	870	85	85	0
04. Architecture and related services	150	75	70	0	0	0
14. Engineering	935	760	170	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,950	1,700	250	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,355	3,230	125	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,385	3,210	170	25	20	0
48. Precision production	1,795	1,715	80	15	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,590	1,035	560	20	15	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,275	830	445	15	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	320	205	115	10	0	0
Health and related fields	6,650	1,090	5,560	50	0	50
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	350	125	220	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,255	925	5,330	50	0	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	45	35	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,020	1,425	1,595	30	10	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,735	350	1,390	25	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	495	330	165	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	780	745	35	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	99,185	49,740	49,445	1,160	540	625
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	51,260	26,360	24,900	690	330	355
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,930	23,380	24,545	470	205	270
Location of study inside Canada	42,350	20,615	21,740	460	200	260
Same as province or territory of residence	33,775	16,460	17,320	390	155	235
Different than province or territory of residence	8,570	4,150	4,425	70	40	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,575	2,765	2,805	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,025	585	435	0	0	0
Philippines	1,890	740	1,150	0	0	0
India	160	105	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	470	250	220	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	30	30	0	0	0
France	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other	1,945	1,040	900	15	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	69,280	34,800	34,480	650	295	350
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,740	16,150	14,590	300	155	140
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,545	18,655	19,890	350	140	210
Location of study inside Canada	33,770	16,360	17,410	340	135	205
Same as province or territory of residence	27,040	13,175	13,865	285	105	175
Different than province or territory of residence	6,730	3,185	3,550	55	25	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,770	2,295	2,485	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	755	395	360	0	0	0
Philippines	1,790	690	1,095	0	0	0
India	145	90	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	300	170	130	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	50	25	25	0	0	0
France	30	15	10	0	0	0
Other	1,710	905	805	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	99,190	49,745	49,445	1,160	540	625
In the labour force	70,165	38,095	32,070	655	320	335
Employed	61,990	32,755	29,235	625	305	325
Unemployed	8,175	5,340	2,840	25	20	15
Not in the labour force	29,020	11,645	17,370	505	220	290
Participation rate	70.7	76.6	64.9	56.5	59.3	53.6
Employment rate	62.5	65.8	59.1	53.9	56.5	52.0
Unemployment rate	11.7	14.0	8.9	3.8	6.2	4.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	99,185	49,745	49,440	1,160	540	625
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,620	10,060	15,565	470	180	285
Worked	73,565	39,685	33,880	690	355	335
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	33,895	19,875	14,020	390	205	190
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	39,670	19,810	19,865	305	155	145
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.0	41.1	43.8	41.6	46.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	70,165	38,090	32,075	655	325	335
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,425	640	790	10	10	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	68,735	37,460	31,280	645	315	330
Employee	59,100	31,505	27,595	490	220	270
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	9,640	5,955	3,680	155	95	65
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	70,165	38,095	32,070	655	320	335
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,425	635	795	0	10	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	68,735	37,460	31,280	650	320	330
0 Management occupations	7,635	4,860	2,775	105	80	25
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,210	1,845	7,365	65	10	65
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,010	2,360	655	10	0	0
3 Health occupations	4,560	750	3,805	65	10	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,035	1,575	4,460	85	15	75
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,205	395	805	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	14,265	5,355	8,910	105	20	85
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	15,070	13,815	1,260	120	120	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,570	3,915	660	85	70	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	3,185	2,590	590	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	70,165	38,095	32,070	655	320	335
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,425	640	795	10	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	68,740	37,455	31,280	645	315	335
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,770	2,490	1,275	140	115	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	6,245	5,365	880	0	0	0
22 Utilities	355	300	50	0	0	0
23 Construction	8,050	6,735	1,310	55	55	0
31-33 Manufacturing	4,595	3,445	1,150	10	10	10
41 Wholesale trade	2,240	1,710	525	15	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	7,855	3,385	4,470	30	15	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,735	2,065	665	30	20	0
51 Information and cultural industries	535	275	255	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,610	415	1,190	25	0	25
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,120	610	505	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,240	1,700	1,535	10	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,145	1,175	970	15	10	0
61 Educational services	3,585	850	2,735	60	30	35
62 Health care and social assistance	7,870	1,180	6,695	130	10	120
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,085	535	545	15	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,705	1,635	3,065	20	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,890	2,110	1,775	45	15	35
91 Public administration	3,100	1,460	1,640	25	10	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	61,990	32,760	29,235	630	305	320
Worked at home	5,520	2,635	2,885	130	80	50
Worked outside Canada	170	155	20	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	10,160	8,115	2,045	70	40	25
Worked at usual place	46,140	21,855	24,285	430	180	250
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	46,140	21,855	24,285	430	180	250
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	24,035	10,225	13,805	270	95	170
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	18,695	9,360	9,335	105	50	55
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,195	2,160	1,040	45	30	15
Commute to a different province or territory	215	110	100	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	56,305	29,970	26,330	500	225	275
Car, truck, van - as a driver	48,215	25,970	22,245	400	195	205
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,150	1,550	1,605	15	10	10
Public transit	1,380	600	780	15	10	0
Walked	2,235	935	1,300	55	10	50
Bicycle	390	275	115	0	0	0
Other method	925	635	290	10	10	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	56,305	29,970	26,330	500	225	275
Less than 15 minutes	21,835	10,205	11,640	270	110	165
15 to 29 minutes	20,745	10,670	10,080	125	55	70
30 to 44 minutes	7,980	4,710	3,270	50	35	15
45 to 59 minutes	2,190	1,445	740	30	20	10
60 minutes and over	3,550	2,945	600	20	0	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	56,305	29,970	26,335	495	225	275
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,395	3,300	1,090	10	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10,930	7,645	3,290	60	35	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	17,555	9,435	8,120	175	100	75
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,370	3,965	6,410	170	50	115
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,965	1,795	3,170	30	15	15
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,095	3,835	4,260	60	20	45
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	75,825	40,680	35,140	735	375	360
Single responses	75,500	40,505	34,990	735	375	360
Official languages	75,235	40,365	34,870	735	375	360
English	75,075	40,320	34,755	735	375	365
French	160	45	110	0	0	0
Non-official languages	265	135	125	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	40	15	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	40	10	30	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	220	125	95	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	30	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	30	10	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	30	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	45	25	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	325	180	150	0	0	0
English and French	80	45	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	250	135	120	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	75,825	40,685	35,140	735	375	360
None	73,635	39,580	34,055	740	375	360
English	200	60	140	0	0	0
French	345	175	170	0	0	0
Non-official language	1,620	845	770	0	0	0
Aboriginal	480	230	250	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,140	620	515	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	124,315	62,705	61,615	1,395	665	730
Non-movers	104,375	52,915	51,460	1,290	615	670
Movers	19,940	9,785	10,155	110	45	55
Non-migrants	10,920	5,405	5,515	60	20	40
Migrants	9,020	4,380	4,635	50	25	20
Internal migrants	8,450	4,100	4,355	40	30	15
Intraprovincial migrants	7,290	3,580	3,710	25	20	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,165	520	650	20	10	10
External migrants	570	285	285	0	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	117,045	59,065	57,980	1,335	620	715
Non-movers	63,210	32,040	31,165	1,050	495	555
Movers	53,835	27,025	26,815	290	130	160
Non-migrants	24,240	12,230	12,010	145	55	90
Migrants	29,595	14,790	14,805	145	80	70
Internal migrants	25,845	12,950	12,900	145	75	70
Intraprovincial migrants	19,595	9,810	9,785	85	45	40
Interprovincial migrants	6,245	3,135	3,110	55	30	30
External migrants	3,745	1,845	1,905	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Red Deer--Lacombe [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Grandview, MU [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Red Deer--Lacombe [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Grandview, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Red Deer--Lacombe [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Grandview, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Red Deer--Lacombe [Federal electoral district], Alberta and Grandview, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba