Census Profile, 2016 Census
Telfordville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta and Halifax, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Telfordville, UNP Alberta [Designated place]			Halifax, RGM Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Telfordville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta Map : Telfordville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Halifax, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20	...	...	403,131	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	0 ^r	...	...	390,086^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	...	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	15	...	...	187,338	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	11	...	...	173,324	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	48.9	...	...	73.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.41	...	...	5,490.35	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	x	x	x	403,130	195,210	207,920
0 to 14 years	x	x	x	60,510	30,900	29,615
0 to 4 years	x	x	x	19,785	10,080	9,705
5 to 9 years	x	x	x	20,745	10,620	10,125
10 to 14 years	x	x	x	19,985	10,200	9,785
15 to 64 years	x	x	x	279,525	136,210	143,315
15 to 19 years	x	x	x	22,330	11,310	11,020
20 to 24 years	x	x	x	30,205	15,005	15,200
25 to 29 years	x	x	x	30,185	15,170	15,015
30 to 34 years	x	x	x	27,470	13,490	13,980
35 to 39 years	x	x	x	25,700	12,285	13,415
40 to 44 years	x	x	x	26,640	12,805	13,830
45 to 49 years	x	x	x	27,715	13,165	14,550
50 to 54 years	x	x	x	32,640	15,850	16,795
55 to 59 years	x	x	x	30,590	14,805	15,790
60 to 64 years	x	x	x	26,050	12,325	13,720
65 years and over	x	x	x	63,095	28,100	34,990
65 to 69 years	x	x	x	22,495	10,625	11,875
70 to 74 years	x	x	x	15,500	7,240	8,255
75 to 79 years	x	x	x	10,430	4,695	5,735
80 to 84 years	x	x	x	7,490	3,195	4,295
85 years and over	x	x	x	7,185	2,350	4,830
85 to 89 years	x	x	x	4,405	1,585	2,815
90 to 94 years	x	x	x	2,115	610	1,505
95 to 99 years	x	x	x	605	145	460
100 years and over	x	x	x	55	10	45
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	x	x	x	15.0	15.8	14.2
15 to 64 years	x	x	x	69.3	69.8	68.9
65 years and over	x	x	x	15.7	14.4	16.8
85 years and over	x	x	x	1.8	1.2	2.3
Average age of the population	x	x	x	40.8	39.9	41.8
Median age of the population	x	x	x	41.0	39.8	42.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	x	...	...	173,325	...	...
Single-detached house	x	...	...	86,585	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	x	...	...	21,005	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	x	...	...	61,745	...	...
Semi-detached house	x	...	...	11,785	...	...
Row house	x	...	...	6,660	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	x	...	...	6,270	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	x	...	...	36,795	...	...
Other single-attached house	x	...	...	235	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	x	...	...	3,995	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	x	...	...	173,325	...	...
1 person	x	...	...	51,120	...	...
2 persons	x	...	...	64,375	...	...
3 persons	x	...	...	27,245	...	...
4 persons	x	...	...	21,020	...	...
5 or more persons	x	...	...	9,565	...	...
Number of persons in private households	x	...	...	397,370	...	...
Average household size	x	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	x	x	x	342,620	164,315	178,305
Married or living common law	x	x	x	192,490	96,070	96,415
Married	x	x	x	154,005	76,885	77,125
Living common law	x	x	x	38,485	19,185	19,295
Not married and not living common law	x	x	x	150,125	68,245	81,885
Never married	x	x	x	102,350	52,820	49,535
Separated	x	x	x	9,775	4,175	5,595
Divorced	x	x	x	20,590	7,605	12,985
Widowed	x	x	x	17,410	3,650	13,765
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	x	...	...	113,560	...	...
2 persons	x	...	...	62,535	...	...
3 persons	x	...	...	24,865	...	...
4 persons	x	...	...	19,235	...	...
5 or more persons	x	...	...	6,915	...	...
Average size of census families	x	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	x	...	...	113,555	...	...
Total couple families	x	...	...	94,690	...	...
Married couples	x	...	...	75,450	...	...
Common-law couples	x	...	...	19,235	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	x	...	...	18,870	...	...
Female parent	x	...	...	15,245	...	...
Male parent	x	...	...	3,620	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	94,685	...	...
Couples without children	x	...	...	50,605	...	...
Couples with children	x	...	...	44,075	...	...
1 child	x	...	...	19,595	...	...
2 children	x	...	...	17,945	...	...
3 or more children	x	...	...	6,545	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	18,870	...	...
1 child	x	...	...	11,930	...	...
2 children	x	...	...	5,275	...	...
3 or more children	x	...	...	1,665	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	84,120	39,360	44,760
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	x	...	...	173,325	...	...
One-census-family households	x	...	...	108,935	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	x	...	...	48,730	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	x	...	...	60,205	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	x	...	...	2,285	...	...
Non-census-family households	x	...	...	62,100	...	...
One-person households	x	...	...	51,120	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	x	...	...	10,985	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	x	x	x	399,315	193,620	205,700
English only	x	x	x	347,190	170,795	176,400
French only	x	x	x	340	160	185
English and French	x	x	x	49,575	21,645	27,925
Neither English nor French	x	x	x	2,210	1,025	1,185
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	x	x	x	399,315	193,620	205,700
English	x	x	x	386,095	187,165	198,935
French	x	x	x	9,895	4,910	4,985
English and French	x	x	x	1,210	575	640
Neither English nor French	x	x	x	2,115	970	1,140
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	x	x	x	10,500	5,200	5,305
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	x	x	x	2.6	2.7	2.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	x	x	x	399,315	193,615	205,700
Single responses	x	x	x	394,160	191,080	203,085
Official languages	x	x	x	363,305	175,400	187,910
English	x	x	x	353,165	170,405	182,760
French	x	x	x	10,140	4,990	5,145
Non-official languages	x	x	x	30,855	15,680	15,175
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	75	35	35
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	60	35	25
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	5	5	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	5	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	55	30	20
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	50	30	25
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	5
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	10	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	30,780	15,645	15,140
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	7,020	3,850	3,170
Berber languages	x	x	x	10	10	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	0	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	115	60	60
Bilen	x	x	x	5	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	55	35	25
Somali	x	x	x	50	20	30
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	5
Semitic languages	x	x	x	6,895	3,780	3,115
Amharic	x	x	x	110	45	60
Arabic	x	x	x	6,430	3,545	2,880
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	5	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	5
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	195	110	90
Maltese	x	x	x	5	5	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	145	65	75
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	400	195	205
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	5	0	5
Vietnamese	x	x	x	395	195	205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	1,665	725	935
Bikol	x	x	x	5	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	105	50	65
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	15	10	10
Ilocano	x	x	x	45	15	35
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	40	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	10	5	5
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	1,420	625	790
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	15	5	10
Creole languages	x	x	x	55	40	15
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	30	25	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	25	20	10
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	875	510	360
Kannada	x	x	x	25	15	10
Malayalam	x	x	x	310	165	145
Tamil	x	x	x	260	155	100
Telugu	x	x	x	270	170	100
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	12,660	6,405	6,255
Albanian	x	x	x	250	125	125
Armenian	x	x	x	30	25	10
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	2,790	1,350	1,440
Baltic languages	x	x	x	55	15	45
Latvian	x	x	x	25	10	20
Lithuanian	x	x	x	30	5	25
Slavic languages	x	x	x	2,735	1,335	1,395
Belarusan	x	x	x	5	5	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	115	60	60
Bulgarian	x	x	x	40	20	25
Croatian	x	x	x	185	90	95
Czech	x	x	x	140	70	70
Macedonian	x	x	x	15	5	5
Polish	x	x	x	590	285	305
Russian	x	x	x	1,150	565	590
Serbian	x	x	x	110	50	60
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	80	40	40
Slovak	x	x	x	85	40	45
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	20	10	15
Ukrainian	x	x	x	190	95	95
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	45	20	25
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	25	10	20
Welsh	x	x	x	15	10	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	5
Germanic languages	x	x	x	2,070	995	1,080
Afrikaans	x	x	x	80	40	35
Danish	x	x	x	95	60	40
Dutch	x	x	x	490	235	255
Frisian	x	x	x	5	0	5
German	x	x	x	1,205	550	645
Icelandic	x	x	x	30	20	15
Norwegian	x	x	x	70	45	30
Swedish	x	x	x	60	25	40
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	15	10	5
Yiddish	x	x	x	10	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	5
Greek	x	x	x	660	335	325
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	4,300	2,350	1,950
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	2,950	1,645	1,300
Bengali	x	x	x	440	270	170
Gujarati	x	x	x	175	110	60
Hindi	x	x	x	660	395	265
Kashmiri	x	x	x	5	5	5
Konkani	x	x	x	5	5	5
Marathi	x	x	x	60	35	25
Nepali	x	x	x	525	250	270
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	475	250	220
Sindhi	x	x	x	15	10	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	140	70	70
Urdu	x	x	x	435	245	190
Iranian languages	x	x	x	1,330	690	640
Kurdish	x	x	x	115	65	50
Pashto	x	x	x	65	40	30
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	1,145	585	565
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	2,515	1,205	1,305
Catalan	x	x	x	10	5	5
Italian	x	x	x	555	285	265
Portuguese	x	x	x	385	185	200
Romanian	x	x	x	185	90	95
Spanish	x	x	x	1,375	640	740
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	250	70	185
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	905	380	520
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	5	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	535	270	260
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	35	15	20
Bamanankan	x	x	x	5	0	5
Edo	x	x	x	5	0	5
Ewe	x	x	x	35	25	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	5	0
Ga	x	x	x	10	5	0
Ganda	x	x	x	20	5	10
Igbo	x	x	x	35	20	15
Lingala	x	x	x	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	20	10	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	45	15	30
Shona	x	x	x	25	15	10
Swahili	x	x	x	120	55	60
Wolof	x	x	x	5	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	50	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	120	60	60
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	65	35	30
Dinka	x	x	x	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	55	30	25
Sign languages	x	x	x	115	55	60
American Sign Language	x	x	x	55	25	25
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	60	25	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	5,500	2,745	2,755
Chinese languages	x	x	x	5,480	2,735	2,740
Cantonese	x	x	x	930	430	495
Hakka	x	x	x	20	10	10
Mandarin	x	x	x	3,950	1,975	1,975
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	95	45	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	45	30	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	430	250	180
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	20	10	10
Burmese	x	x	x	5	0	5
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	10	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	90	35	55
Lao	x	x	x	5	5	5
Thai	x	x	x	85	35	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	385	210	175
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	15	10	5
Turkish	x	x	x	255	135	120
Uyghur	x	x	x	5	5	5
Uzbek	x	x	x	110	60	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	5
Uralic languages	x	x	x	235	105	135
Estonian	x	x	x	25	15	15
Finnish	x	x	x	35	10	25
Hungarian	x	x	x	180	80	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	20	10	15
Multiple responses	x	x	x	5,155	2,535	2,615
English and French	x	x	x	1,775	815	965
English and non-official language	x	x	x	3,040	1,555	1,480
French and non-official language	x	x	x	175	90	80
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	160	75	80
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	x	x	x	399,315	193,620	205,700
Single responses	x	x	x	391,025	189,440	201,580
Official languages	x	x	x	374,620	181,095	193,520
English	x	x	x	370,955	179,295	191,660
French	x	x	x	3,665	1,805	1,860
Non-official languages	x	x	x	16,405	8,345	8,060
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	15	5	5
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	20	10	5
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	10	10	5
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	10	10	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	16,385	8,335	8,055
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	4,195	2,215	1,980
Berber languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	75	35	40
Bilen	x	x	x	5	5	0
Oromo	x	x	x	40	25	20
Somali	x	x	x	25	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	4,115	2,180	1,940
Amharic	x	x	x	50	25	30
Arabic	x	x	x	3,845	2,040	1,805
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	115	65	55
Maltese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	95	40	55
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	255	130	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	255	130	130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	890	430	460
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	50	20	30
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	5	5	5
Ilocano	x	x	x	10	5	5
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	820	405	420
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages	x	x	x	20	15	5
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	5	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	395	225	170
Kannada	x	x	x	10	5	5
Malayalam	x	x	x	135	75	60
Tamil	x	x	x	120	65	50
Telugu	x	x	x	125	75	50
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	5,505	2,760	2,740
Albanian	x	x	x	110	55	55
Armenian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	1,275	625	650
Baltic languages	x	x	x	15	5	10
Latvian	x	x	x	5	5	5
Lithuanian	x	x	x	15	5	10
Slavic languages	x	x	x	1,260	615	635
Belarusan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	65	30	30
Bulgarian	x	x	x	20	15	10
Croatian	x	x	x	60	25	35
Czech	x	x	x	40	25	15
Macedonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polish	x	x	x	180	80	100
Russian	x	x	x	735	370	370
Serbian	x	x	x	60	30	35
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	30	20	15
Slovak	x	x	x	20	5	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	0	0	5
Ukrainian	x	x	x	45	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	15	10	5
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	360	175	185
Afrikaans	x	x	x	20	15	10
Danish	x	x	x	10	0	5
Dutch	x	x	x	45	20	25
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	235	115	125
Icelandic	x	x	x	25	10	15
Norwegian	x	x	x	15	5	5
Swedish	x	x	x	5	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	245	120	125
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	2,545	1,335	1,210
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	1,650	885	765
Bengali	x	x	x	230	125	105
Gujarati	x	x	x	95	60	30
Hindi	x	x	x	285	180	110
Kashmiri	x	x	x	5	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Marathi	x	x	x	30	15	15
Nepali	x	x	x	475	235	240
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	205	105	105
Sindhi	x	x	x	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	80	45	45
Urdu	x	x	x	250	130	120
Iranian languages	x	x	x	895	445	450
Kurdish	x	x	x	85	45	35
Pashto	x	x	x	35	15	15
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	780	385	395
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	935	435	500
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	130	55	70
Portuguese	x	x	x	150	70	85
Romanian	x	x	x	60	30	30
Spanish	x	x	x	585	275	310
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	80	30	55
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	610	270	340
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	145	70	75
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	5	0	5
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	5	5	0
Ganda	x	x	x	5	0	5
Igbo	x	x	x	10	5	5
Lingala	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	10	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	20	5	10
Shona	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swahili	x	x	x	55	25	30
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	15	10	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	30	15	15
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	25	10	10
Sign languages	x	x	x	155	75	80
American Sign Language	x	x	x	65	30	35
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	90	45	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	3,830	1,965	1,865
Chinese languages	x	x	x	3,825	1,965	1,860
Cantonese	x	x	x	525	275	250
Hakka	x	x	x	5	5	5
Mandarin	x	x	x	2,935	1,475	1,460
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	40	25	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	25	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	295	175	120
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	5	0	5
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	30	10	15
Lao	x	x	x	5	0	0
Thai	x	x	x	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	195	100	90
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	5	5	5
Turkish	x	x	x	120	65	55
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	70	40	30
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	50	25	25
Estonian	x	x	x	5	0	0
Finnish	x	x	x	5	0	0
Hungarian	x	x	x	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	5	5
Multiple responses	x	x	x	8,290	4,175	4,110
English and French	x	x	x	1,155	535	625
English and non-official language	x	x	x	6,810	3,475	3,335
French and non-official language	x	x	x	65	35	25
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	260	130	135
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	x	x	x	399,315	193,620	205,700
None	x	x	x	370,395	179,625	190,765
English	x	x	x	9,220	4,720	4,500
French	x	x	x	8,480	3,705	4,775
Non-official language	x	x	x	10,600	5,285	5,315
Aboriginal	x	x	x	105	45	55
Non-Aboriginal	x	x	x	10,500	5,240	5,260
English and French	x	x	x	125	55	70
English and non-official language	x	x	x	185	90	105
French and non-official language	x	x	x	305	140	165
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	5	0	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	336,980	161,865	175,115
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	323,610	155,400	168,210
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	36,098	42,887	31,010
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	323,720	155,415	168,310
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	31,759	36,917	27,849
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	293,375	143,380	149,995
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,903	41,773	29,211
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	223,275	93,630	129,645
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	4,492	3,888	4,733
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	243,265	121,755	121,510
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,247	40,179	29,596
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	x	x	x	336,985	161,860	175,125
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	323,895	155,370	168,520
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	46,440	55,063	38,490
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	324,005	155,400	168,605
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	37,510	43,449	32,036
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	293,535	143,480	150,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	45,953	55,184	37,127
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	223,870	93,325	130,550
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	6,935	6,830	7,011
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	243,290	121,815	121,475
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	44,086	51,876	36,275
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	336,985	161,860	175,125
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	125,025	67,355	57,675
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	51,716	58,006	45,767
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	61,480	69,028	52,665
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	89.6	92.4	86.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	71.3	74.0	67.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	10.4	7.6	14.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	336,980	161,865	175,115
Without total income	x	x	x	13,370	6,470	6,905
With total income	x	x	x	323,605	155,395	168,210
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	96.0	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	44,140	19,460	24,675
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	49,850	19,060	30,790
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	43,080	16,930	26,150
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	40,175	17,330	22,840
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	35,100	16,240	18,860
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	27,065	14,185	12,880
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	21,005	12,075	8,930
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	17,485	10,065	7,420
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	13,775	8,055	5,725
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	8,680	5,605	3,075
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	23,260	16,390	6,870
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	15,955	10,955	5,000
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	7,305	5,440	1,870
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	336,980	161,865	175,110
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	13,255	6,450	6,810
With after-tax income	x	x	x	323,720	155,415	168,305
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	96.1	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	46,240	19,845	26,395
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	53,290	20,625	32,665
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	53,030	21,525	31,505
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	50,335	22,470	27,865
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	39,395	20,330	19,060
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	28,450	16,475	11,975
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	21,125	12,335	8,790
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	11,710	7,570	4,150
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	20,145	14,240	5,905
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	6,505	4,400	2,110
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	3,930	2,715	1,215
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	9,710	7,130	2,580
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	336,980	161,865	175,115
Without employment income	x	x	x	93,715	40,110	53,600
With employment income	x	x	x	243,265	121,755	121,510
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	72.2	75.2	69.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	30,525	13,925	16,605
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	19,550	8,455	11,090
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	32,130	14,030	18,100
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	27,975	12,390	15,585
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	27,190	11,870	15,320
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	23,785	10,930	12,860
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	18,560	9,850	8,710
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	15,065	8,810	6,255
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	13,695	7,870	5,820
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	34,790	23,625	11,165
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	11,185	6,570	4,610
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	6,740	4,555	2,185
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	16,865	12,495	4,370
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	x	...	...	173,325	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	69,553	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	59,263	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	51,125	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	36,087	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	31,574	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	122,200	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,785	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	74,127	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	173,335	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	86,778	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,116	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	51,155	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	44,664	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	36,401	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	122,175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	104,412	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	84,232	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	173,325	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	3,740	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	3,085	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	4,965	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	6,255	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	6,735	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	6,515	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	7,490	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	7,400	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	7,445	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	7,240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	13,630	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	12,720	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	12,175	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	11,000	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	9,455	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	53,480	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	18,535	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	12,665	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	13,130	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	9,145	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	173,325	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	3,890	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	3,150	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	5,045	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	6,725	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	7,905	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	8,175	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	9,310	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	9,175	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	9,075	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	8,705	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	16,720	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	15,675	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	13,375	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	11,365	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	9,490	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	35,550	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	16,605	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	8,910	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	10,035	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	113,240	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	89,401	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	75,082	...	...
Average family size of economic families	x	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	47,605	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	83,594	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,338	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	x	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	44,630	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	116,685	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	96,190	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	x	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	17,600	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	50,944	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	46,310	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	x	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	113,170	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	106,509	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	85,559	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	47,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	98,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	79,277	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	44,695	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	133,015	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	105,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	17,475	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	61,769	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	52,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	75,865	35,980	39,885
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	31,379	32,053	30,862
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	28,145	28,429	27,907
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	75,820	35,755	40,065
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	39,408	40,478	38,452
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	32,585	32,913	32,292
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	397,375	192,700	204,675
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	199,890	93,895	105,995
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	45,275	21,860	23,415
In the second decile	x	x	x	36,780	16,240	20,545
In the third decile	x	x	x	37,650	17,385	20,255
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	39,195	18,525	20,665
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	40,995	19,875	21,120
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	197,480	98,805	98,675
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	41,365	20,575	20,790
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	42,860	21,435	21,430
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	43,120	21,490	21,630
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	38,755	19,480	19,275
In the top decile	x	x	x	31,380	15,825	15,555
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	397,375	192,695	204,675
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	72,900	37,155	35,745
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	23,875	12,160	11,715
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	264,835	128,510	136,330
65 years and over	x	x	x	59,635	27,040	32,595
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	58,825	27,410	31,415
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	13,695	6,970	6,720
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	5,085	2,540	2,545
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	38,000	17,830	20,165
65 years and over	x	x	x	7,135	2,605	4,530
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	14.8	14.2	15.3
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	18.8	18.8	18.8
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	21.3	20.9	21.7
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	14.3	13.9	14.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	12.0	9.6	13.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	38,240	18,730	19,510
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	7,790	3,985	3,805
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	2,990	1,520	1,470
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	28,875	14,140	14,745
65 years and over	x	x	x	1,570	615	960
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	9.6	9.7	9.5
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	10.7	10.7	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	12.5	12.5	12.5
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	10.9	11.0	10.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	2.6	2.3	2.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	x	x	x	397,390	192,705	204,690
Official languages	x	x	x	395,220	191,780	203,440
English	x	x	x	394,950	191,655	203,290
French	x	x	x	49,660	21,765	27,900
Non-official languages	x	x	x	43,815	21,805	22,010
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	190	80	110
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	160	60	100
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	10
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	10
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	150	55	95
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	10
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	150	55	90
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	10	0	10
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	10	10	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	10
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	10
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	10	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	10	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	10	10	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	43,630	21,730	21,900
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	9,825	5,290	4,535
Berber languages	x	x	x	25	15	15
Kabyle	x	x	x	25	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	145	50	90
Bilen	x	x	x	20	10	15
Oromo	x	x	x	35	15	20
Somali	x	x	x	80	20	55
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	9,745	5,270	4,470
Amharic	x	x	x	260	135	120
Arabic	x	x	x	8,850	4,770	4,085
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	570	340	240
Maltese	x	x	x	10	10	10
Tigrigna	x	x	x	140	70	70
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	40	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	455	205	250
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	15	0	10
Vietnamese	x	x	x	445	200	240
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	2,270	985	1,285
Bikol	x	x	x	10	0	10
Cebuano	x	x	x	110	55	60
Fijian	x	x	x	0	10	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	40	15	25
Ilocano	x	x	x	55	10	40
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	40	10	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	2,155	940	1,215
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	10
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	25	10	20
Creole languages	x	x	x	220	105	115
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	95	40	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	120	60	60
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	1,205	690	520
Kannada	x	x	x	75	35	35
Malayalam	x	x	x	490	260	235
Tamil	x	x	x	365	225	140
Telugu	x	x	x	335	200	130
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	20,805	10,300	10,505
Albanian	x	x	x	375	180	200
Armenian	x	x	x	80	50	30
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	3,195	1,520	1,680
Baltic languages	x	x	x	65	20	45
Latvian	x	x	x	20	0	15
Lithuanian	x	x	x	40	15	25
Slavic languages	x	x	x	3,145	1,500	1,645
Belarusan	x	x	x	10	0	10
Bosnian	x	x	x	120	50	70
Bulgarian	x	x	x	45	20	20
Croatian	x	x	x	225	85	145
Czech	x	x	x	155	75	75
Macedonian	x	x	x	70	40	30
Polish	x	x	x	640	290	355
Russian	x	x	x	1,665	835	830
Serbian	x	x	x	140	60	80
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	100	55	45
Slovak	x	x	x	95	40	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	20	0	20
Ukrainian	x	x	x	260	125	135
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	310	145	165
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	200	90	110
Welsh	x	x	x	15	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	115	55	65
Germanic languages	x	x	x	4,305	2,100	2,210
Afrikaans	x	x	x	245	110	135
Danish	x	x	x	135	75	65
Dutch	x	x	x	740	315	425
Frisian	x	x	x	10	0	10
German	x	x	x	3,000	1,505	1,495
Icelandic	x	x	x	70	25	40
Norwegian	x	x	x	80	70	15
Swedish	x	x	x	175	70	105
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	10	0	0
Yiddish	x	x	x	25	15	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	1,195	605	590
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	5,660	3,165	2,500
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	4,225	2,405	1,825
Bengali	x	x	x	540	300	240
Gujarati	x	x	x	195	130	70
Hindi	x	x	x	2,005	1,150	855
Kashmiri	x	x	x	10	0	10
Konkani	x	x	x	20	10	0
Marathi	x	x	x	105	70	35
Nepali	x	x	x	620	315	305
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	20	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	815	455	360
Sindhi	x	x	x	10	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	210	115	95
Urdu	x	x	x	880	540	335
Iranian languages	x	x	x	1,450	780	670
Kurdish	x	x	x	180	105	75
Pashto	x	x	x	60	40	15
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	1,245	655	585
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	60	30	35
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	6,615	3,035	3,575
Catalan	x	x	x	20	10	10
Italian	x	x	x	1,225	615	605
Portuguese	x	x	x	675	370	305
Romanian	x	x	x	210	125	90
Spanish	x	x	x	4,825	2,110	2,715
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	45	35	10
Japanese	x	x	x	635	245	390
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	10	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	10	0
Korean	x	x	x	1,195	510	685
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	10	0	10
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	1,150	625	525
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	30	20	15
Bamanankan	x	x	x	10	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	70	40	30
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	10	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	25	15	15
Ganda	x	x	x	60	20	35
Igbo	x	x	x	70	45	30
Lingala	x	x	x	30	15	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	120	50	65
Shona	x	x	x	55	35	25
Swahili	x	x	x	335	190	150
Wolof	x	x	x	30	10	20
Yoruba	x	x	x	215	110	110
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	235	135	100
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	35	25	10
Dinka	x	x	x	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	35	25	10
Sign languages	x	x	x	930	315	615
American Sign Language	x	x	x	565	180	385
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	375	140	230
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	5,840	2,975	2,860
Chinese languages	x	x	x	5,825	2,975	2,850
Cantonese	x	x	x	1,250	600	650
Hakka	x	x	x	45	20	25
Mandarin	x	x	x	4,540	2,275	2,265
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	150	65	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	45	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	410	255	160
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	15	0	15
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	15	0	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	165	75	85
Lao	x	x	x	15	0	10
Thai	x	x	x	150	75	75
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	535	280	255
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	20	20	0
Turkish	x	x	x	395	190	205
Uyghur	x	x	x	15	10	10
Uzbek	x	x	x	100	60	40
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	245	120	120
Estonian	x	x	x	45	25	20
Finnish	x	x	x	50	20	35
Hungarian	x	x	x	140	80	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	10	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	45	10	30
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	x	x	x	397,390	192,705	204,690
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	x	x	x	376,015	181,515	194,495
Canadian citizens aged under 18	x	x	x	69,465	35,405	34,060
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	x	x	x	306,550	146,115	160,435
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	x	x	x	21,380	11,185	10,195
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	x	x	x	397,395	192,705	204,690
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	x	x	x	352,400	169,730	182,670
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	x	x	x	37,200	18,410	18,785
Before 1981	x	x	x	10,085	4,905	5,180
1981 to 1990	x	x	x	3,035	1,535	1,505
1991 to 2000	x	x	x	4,885	2,365	2,525
2001 to 2010	x	x	x	9,760	4,920	4,835
2001 to 2005	x	x	x	3,760	1,890	1,870
2006 to 2010	x	x	x	6,000	3,030	2,975
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	x	x	x	9,425	4,685	4,740
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	x	x	x	7,795	4,565	3,235
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	x	x	x	37,195	18,410	18,790
Under 5 years	x	x	x	4,640	2,225	2,420
5 to 14 years	x	x	x	6,970	3,525	3,445
15 to 24 years	x	x	x	6,620	3,180	3,440
25 to 44 years	x	x	x	16,230	8,050	8,185
45 years and over	x	x	x	2,735	1,435	1,300
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	x	x	x	37,200	18,410	18,785
Americas	x	x	x	5,480	2,570	2,915
Brazil	x	x	x	135	60	70
Colombia	x	x	x	115	65	50
El Salvador	x	x	x	75	40	35
Guyana	x	x	x	145	65	75
Haiti	x	x	x	40	20	25
Jamaica	x	x	x	345	135	210
Mexico	x	x	x	225	110	115
Peru	x	x	x	85	25	55
Trinidad and Tobago	x	x	x	175	100	75
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	x	x	x	3,225	1,480	1,745
Other places of birth in Americas	x	x	x	925	470	455
Europe	x	x	x	12,245	6,205	6,040
Bosnia and Herzegovina	x	x	x	195	100	100
Croatia	x	x	x	130	50	80
France	x	x	x	340	190	150
Germany	x	x	x	1,150	580	570
Greece	x	x	x	450	235	220
Hungary	x	x	x	75	35	45
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	x	x	x	280	105	175
Italy	x	x	x	380	215	165
Netherlands	x	x	x	470	190	285
Poland	x	x	x	460	190	270
Portugal	x	x	x	180	115	65
Romania	x	x	x	150	90	65
Russian Federation	x	x	x	505	245	255
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	x	x	x	65	35	25
Ukraine	x	x	x	270	125	145
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	x	x	x	5,890	3,105	2,790
Other places of birth in Europe	x	x	x	1,250	600	650
Africa	x	x	x	3,025	1,565	1,460
Algeria	x	x	x	10	10	10
Egypt	x	x	x	730	375	355
Ethiopia	x	x	x	170	85	85
Kenya	x	x	x	115	70	45
Morocco	x	x	x	70	40	25
Nigeria	x	x	x	290	145	140
Somalia	x	x	x	65	30	30
South Africa, Republic of	x	x	x	350	150	200
Other places of birth in Africa	x	x	x	1,220	650	570
Asia	x	x	x	16,210	7,915	8,290
Afghanistan	x	x	x	100	40	60
Bangladesh	x	x	x	250	140	110
China^{Census data footnote 59}	x	x	x	2,345	970	1,375
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	x	x	x	250	115	140
India	x	x	x	1,875	985	890
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	x	x	x	840	465	380
Iraq	x	x	x	530	245	285
Japan	x	x	x	170	60	110
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	x	x	x	720	290	430
Lebanon	x	x	x	1,205	660	545
Pakistan	x	x	x	450	225	225
Philippines	x	x	x	2,030	865	1,165
Sri Lanka	x	x	x	265	120	145
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	x	x	x	1,045	505	545
Taiwan	x	x	x	180	90	85
Viet Nam	x	x	x	355	170	190
Other places of birth in Asia	x	x	x	3,595	1,965	1,630
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	x	x	x	235	155	80
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	x	x	x	9,425	4,685	4,735
Americas	x	x	x	995	450	545
Brazil	x	x	x	85	35	45
Colombia	x	x	x	15	0	15
Cuba	x	x	x	70	35	25
Haiti	x	x	x	15	10	10
Jamaica	x	x	x	125	60	65
Mexico	x	x	x	90	50	40
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	x	x	x	360	170	200
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	x	x	x	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	x	x	x	230	85	140
Europe	x	x	x	1,385	720	665
France	x	x	x	80	45	35
Germany	x	x	x	85	40	40
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	x	x	x	35	15	20
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	x	x	x	25	10	15
Romania	x	x	x	35	15	10
Russian Federation	x	x	x	160	65	100
Ukraine	x	x	x	135	60	80
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	x	x	x	540	330	210
Other places of birth in Europe	x	x	x	295	140	155
Africa	x	x	x	955	510	445
Algeria	x	x	x	10	0	0
Cameroon	x	x	x	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	x	x	x	50	25	30
Côte d'Ivoire	x	x	x	0	0	0
Egypt	x	x	x	185	100	85
Eritrea	x	x	x	60	40	25
Ethiopia	x	x	x	35	30	10
Morocco	x	x	x	20	15	10
Nigeria	x	x	x	150	70	80
Somalia	x	x	x	10	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	x	x	x	70	25	45
Tunisia	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	x	x	x	355	205	145
Asia	x	x	x	6,065	2,995	3,075
Afghanistan	x	x	x	20	10	15
Bangladesh	x	x	x	65	35	25
China^{Census data footnote 59}	x	x	x	850	395	460
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	x	x	x	0	0	10
India	x	x	x	760	415	340
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	x	x	x	245	130	115
Iraq	x	x	x	245	125	120
Israel	x	x	x	260	170	90
Japan	x	x	x	65	25	35
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	x	x	x	190	65	125
Lebanon	x	x	x	75	30	45
Nepal	x	x	x	180	95	90
Pakistan	x	x	x	95	50	45
Philippines	x	x	x	1,160	520	640
Saudi Arabia	x	x	x	115	65	50
Sri Lanka	x	x	x	85	45	40
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	x	x	x	790	370	420
Taiwan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkey	x	x	x	70	45	30
United Arab Emirates	x	x	x	60	35	25
Viet Nam	x	x	x	45	15	30
Other places of birth in Asia	x	x	x	675	355	320
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	x	x	x	20	15	10
Australia	x	x	x	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	x	x	x	15	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	x	x	x	397,395	192,700	204,690
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	x	x	x	47,905	24,390	23,520
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	x	x	x	38,600	18,955	19,650
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	x	x	x	310,885	149,360	161,525
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	x	x	x	27,435	13,660	13,775
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	x	x	x	16,465	8,580	7,885
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	x	x	x	6,335	4,330	2,005
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	x	x	x	10,130	4,250	5,880
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	x	x	x	6,715	2,880	3,835
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	x	x	x	4,080	2,105	1,975
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	x	x	x	175	90	85
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	x	x	x	397,395	192,705	204,690
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	x	x	x	15,735	7,415	8,320
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	x	x	x	15,190	7,155	8,035
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	x	x	x	7,880	3,740	4,140
Métis	x	x	x	6,905	3,230	3,675
Inuk (Inuit)	x	x	x	405	185	220
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	x	x	x	275	135	140
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	x	x	x	265	120	140
Non-Aboriginal identity	x	x	x	381,660	185,295	196,375
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	x	x	x	397,390	192,705	204,690
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	x	x	x	3,940	1,860	2,080
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	x	x	x	393,455	190,845	202,615
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	x	x	x	397,390	192,705	204,690
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	x	x	x	2,540	1,140	1,400
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	x	x	x	2,455	1,115	1,340
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	x	x	x	1,660	760	895
Métis single ancestry	x	x	x	685	325	365
Inuit single ancestry	x	x	x	110	30	80
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	x	x	x	85	25	55
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	x	x	x	60	15	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	x	x	x	24,095	11,025	13,070
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	x	x	x	23,240	10,605	12,640
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	16,305	7,410	8,895
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	6,315	2,895	3,420
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	620	300	320
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	x	x	x	860	420	440
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	700	335	370
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	90	50	40
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	65	40	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	x	x	x	370,755	180,535	190,215
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	x	x	x	397,395	192,705	204,690
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	x	x	x	45,285	22,735	22,545
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	x	x	x	6,555	3,690	2,865
Chinese	x	x	x	6,975	3,450	3,520
Black	x	x	x	15,085	7,305	7,780
Filipino	x	x	x	2,575	1,125	1,445
Latin American	x	x	x	1,210	605	600
Arab	x	x	x	7,335	3,950	3,385
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	x	x	x	865	375	490
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	x	x	x	1,390	730	665
Korean	x	x	x	1,225	520	710
Japanese	x	x	x	490	215	270
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	x	x	x	490	225	265
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	x	x	x	1,095	540	550
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	x	x	x	352,110	169,965	182,140
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	x	x	x	397,395	192,705	204,690
North American Aboriginal origins	x	x	x	26,640	12,170	14,475
First Nations (North American Indian)	x	x	x	18,835	8,575	10,260
Inuit	x	x	x	905	425	480
Métis	x	x	x	7,850	3,615	4,235
Other North American origins	x	x	x	163,490	78,215	85,270
Acadian	x	x	x	10,120	4,530	5,590
American	x	x	x	3,950	1,910	2,040
Canadian	x	x	x	152,765	73,365	79,405
New Brunswicker	x	x	x	25	10	20
Newfoundlander	x	x	x	885	395	490
Nova Scotian	x	x	x	750	345	405
Ontarian	x	x	x	30	15	15
Québécois	x	x	x	235	120	115
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	x	x	x	10	0	10
European origins	x	x	x	276,040	132,845	143,200
British Isles origins	x	x	x	228,765	109,500	119,265
Channel Islander	x	x	x	40	10	25
Cornish	x	x	x	60	30	25
English	x	x	x	121,685	58,330	63,355
Irish	x	x	x	95,035	44,135	50,900
Manx	x	x	x	75	40	35
Scottish	x	x	x	113,430	53,555	59,875
Welsh	x	x	x	8,845	4,160	4,690
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	x	x	x	11,335	5,335	5,995
French origins	x	x	x	66,380	30,890	35,490
Alsatian	x	x	x	10	10	10
Breton	x	x	x	0	0	0
Corsican	x	x	x	0	10	0
French	x	x	x	66,365	30,885	35,480
Western European origins (except French origins)	x	x	x	56,545	26,805	29,735
Austrian	x	x	x	1,005	540	465
Bavarian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Belgian	x	x	x	995	480	510
Dutch	x	x	x	13,215	6,015	7,205
Flemish	x	x	x	65	50	15
Frisian	x	x	x	15	0	10
German	x	x	x	45,070	21,365	23,705
Luxembourger	x	x	x	15	0	10
Swiss	x	x	x	1,390	715	675
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	x	x	x	90	60	30
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	x	x	x	8,005	3,835	4,170
Danish	x	x	x	1,890	895	995
Finnish	x	x	x	605	250	360
Icelandic	x	x	x	415	185	235
Norwegian	x	x	x	2,780	1,390	1,395
Swedish	x	x	x	1,920	880	1,040
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	x	x	x	690	380	315
Eastern European origins	x	x	x	16,140	8,020	8,125
Bulgarian	x	x	x	175	85	95
Byelorussian	x	x	x	135	70	70
Czech	x	x	x	665	365	305
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	x	x	x	155	65	85
Estonian	x	x	x	255	130	130
Hungarian	x	x	x	1,395	725	675
Latvian	x	x	x	240	90	150
Lithuanian	x	x	x	600	275	325
Moldovan	x	x	x	10	10	10
Polish	x	x	x	5,905	2,900	3,005
Romanian	x	x	x	720	360	360
Russian	x	x	x	2,970	1,405	1,570
Slovak	x	x	x	355	215	140
Ukrainian	x	x	x	5,155	2,640	2,520
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	x	x	x	185	85	105
Southern European origins	x	x	x	16,775	7,980	8,790
Albanian	x	x	x	255	135	120
Bosnian	x	x	x	120	55	65
Catalan	x	x	x	10	0	10
Croatian	x	x	x	455	200	250
Cypriot	x	x	x	25	20	10
Greek	x	x	x	2,430	1,240	1,190
Italian	x	x	x	8,185	3,945	4,245
Kosovar	x	x	x	245	115	130
Macedonian	x	x	x	95	50	45
Maltese	x	x	x	235	105	135
Montenegrin	x	x	x	15	0	10
Portuguese	x	x	x	2,330	1,105	1,235
Serbian	x	x	x	190	85	105
Sicilian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Slovenian	x	x	x	105	45	60
Spanish	x	x	x	2,685	1,175	1,510
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	x	x	x	190	95	95
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	x	x	x	65	40	30
Other European origins	x	x	x	3,605	1,830	1,775
Basque	x	x	x	105	45	60
Jewish	x	x	x	1,490	725	760
Roma (Gypsy)	x	x	x	55	45	20
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	x	x	x	20	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	x	x	x	1,970	1,015	955
Caribbean origins	x	x	x	3,565	1,745	1,825
Antiguan	x	x	x	85	45	35
Bahamian	x	x	x	195	90	105
Barbadian	x	x	x	400	205	195
Bermudan	x	x	x	155	85	70
Carib	x	x	x	40	30	10
Cuban	x	x	x	270	125	145
Dominican	x	x	x	120	60	60
Grenadian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Guadeloupean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haitian	x	x	x	90	25	65
Jamaican	x	x	x	1,295	640	655
Kittitian/Nevisian	x	x	x	30	10	20
Martinican	x	x	x	10	10	10
Montserratan	x	x	x	0	10	0
Puerto Rican	x	x	x	50	20	35
St. Lucian	x	x	x	60	25	40
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	x	x	x	250	140	105
Vincentian/Grenadinian	x	x	x	25	20	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	x	x	x	455	245	215
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	x	x	x	280	135	145
Latin, Central and South American origins	x	x	x	2,060	1,045	1,010
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	x	x	x	150	75	70
Arawak	x	x	x	0	0	0
Argentinian	x	x	x	50	30	25
Belizean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bolivian	x	x	x	35	20	15
Brazilian	x	x	x	215	115	100
Chilean	x	x	x	80	50	30
Colombian	x	x	x	235	125	110
Costa Rican	x	x	x	25	10	15
Ecuadorian	x	x	x	25	15	10
Guatemalan	x	x	x	55	35	20
Guyanese	x	x	x	270	125	140
Hispanic	x	x	x	55	35	20
Honduran	x	x	x	35	25	10
Maya	x	x	x	60	40	20
Mexican	x	x	x	465	225	235
Nicaraguan	x	x	x	35	10	25
Panamanian	x	x	x	15	0	15
Paraguayan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Peruvian	x	x	x	145	65	80
Salvadorean	x	x	x	85	60	30
Uruguayan	x	x	x	15	0	15
Venezuelan	x	x	x	55	40	15
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	x	x	x	150	75	75
African origins	x	x	x	12,510	6,010	6,505
Central and West African origins	x	x	x	1,075	560	515
Akan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Angolan	x	x	x	15	10	10
Ashanti	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beninese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Burkinabe	x	x	x	10	0	10
Cameroonian	x	x	x	20	20	0
Chadian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Congolese	x	x	x	170	85	85
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gabonese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gambian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Ghanaian	x	x	x	140	80	60
Guinean	x	x	x	25	20	10
Ibo	x	x	x	90	45	45
Ivorian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Liberian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Malian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Malinké	x	x	x	10	10	10
Nigerian	x	x	x	355	185	170
Peulh	x	x	x	10	10	0
Senegalese	x	x	x	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	x	x	x	40	30	10
Togolese	x	x	x	65	35	35
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	65	25	45
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	x	x	x	110	65	50
North African origins	x	x	x	1,715	900	815
Algerian	x	x	x	35	30	10
Berber	x	x	x	55	35	15
Coptic	x	x	x	25	10	15
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Egyptian	x	x	x	1,180	630	545
Libyan	x	x	x	185	90	95
Maure	x	x	x	0	10	0
Moroccan	x	x	x	115	55	60
Sudanese	x	x	x	115	45	70
Tunisian	x	x	x	40	15	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	x	x	x	40	25	15
Southern and East African origins	x	x	x	1,585	770	815
Afrikaner	x	x	x	25	0	20
Amhara	x	x	x	10	10	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	x	x	x	10	10	0
Burundian	x	x	x	10	0	0
Djiboutian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eritrean	x	x	x	145	75	70
Ethiopian	x	x	x	250	105	145
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kenyan	x	x	x	145	85	60
Malagasy	x	x	x	15	0	20
Mauritian	x	x	x	0	10	10
Oromo	x	x	x	25	15	15
Rwandan	x	x	x	95	45	50
Seychellois	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	165	75	85
South African	x	x	x	400	180	215
Tanzanian	x	x	x	50	35	20
Tigrian	x	x	x	15	10	10
Ugandan	x	x	x	55	25	35
Zambian	x	x	x	75	30	45
Zimbabwean	x	x	x	80	50	30
Zulu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	x	x	x	115	60	50
Other African origins	x	x	x	8,315	3,870	4,445
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	x	x	x	1,460	675	790
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	x	x	x	6,940	3,235	3,700
Asian origins	x	x	x	33,580	17,045	16,535
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	x	x	x	13,800	7,145	6,655
Afghan	x	x	x	230	80	155
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	x	x	x	1,385	720	665
Armenian	x	x	x	215	130	85
Assyrian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	20	15	0
Georgian	x	x	x	20	15	10
Hazara	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iranian	x	x	x	1,200	685	515
Iraqi	x	x	x	585	260	325
Israeli	x	x	x	215	115	100
Jordanian	x	x	x	255	145	110
Kazakh	x	x	x	35	20	15
Kurd	x	x	x	225	110	110
Kuwaiti	x	x	x	205	105	100
Kyrgyz	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lebanese	x	x	x	5,205	2,615	2,590
Palestinian	x	x	x	925	500	420
Pashtun	x	x	x	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	x	x	x	675	440	235
Syrian	x	x	x	1,660	805	850
Tajik	x	x	x	20	10	10
Tatar	x	x	x	35	10	25
Turk	x	x	x	570	270	295
Turkmen	x	x	x	10	10	0
Uighur	x	x	x	10	10	10
Uzbek	x	x	x	90	60	25
Yemeni	x	x	x	205	110	100
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	x	x	x	765	400	365
South Asian origins	x	x	x	6,880	3,880	3,000
Bangladeshi	x	x	x	210	125	85
Bengali	x	x	x	50	35	20
Bhutanese	x	x	x	205	85	120
East Indian	x	x	x	5,030	2,855	2,175
Goan	x	x	x	10	0	10
Gujarati	x	x	x	10	10	10
Kashmiri	x	x	x	10	0	0
Nepali	x	x	x	430	220	210
Pakistani	x	x	x	465	290	175
Punjabi	x	x	x	165	80	90
Sinhalese	x	x	x	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	x	x	x	290	135	155
Tamil	x	x	x	55	25	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	x	x	x	390	240	145
East and Southeast Asian origins	x	x	x	12,860	6,035	6,820
Burmese	x	x	x	15	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	x	x	x	50	15	40
Chinese	x	x	x	7,605	3,700	3,905
Filipino	x	x	x	2,680	1,200	1,485
Hmong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indonesian	x	x	x	95	45	50
Japanese	x	x	x	600	240	355
Karen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	1,280	540	740
Laotian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Malaysian	x	x	x	50	15	30
Mongolian	x	x	x	35	15	25
Singaporean	x	x	x	0	0	0
Taiwanese	x	x	x	180	85	95
Thai	x	x	x	175	60	110
Tibetan	x	x	x	10	0	10
Vietnamese	x	x	x	585	260	320
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	x	x	x	45	35	15
Other Asian origins	x	x	x	295	140	155
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	x	x	x	295	145	155
Oceania origins	x	x	x	555	270	285
Australian	x	x	x	280	135	145
New Zealander	x	x	x	185	105	85
Pacific Islands origins	x	x	x	85	35	55
Fijian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Hawaiian	x	x	x	15	0	10
Maori	x	x	x	40	15	20
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	x	x	x	15	10	0
Samoan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	x	x	x	10	0	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	x	...	...	173,335	...	...
Owner	x	...	...	104,245	...	...
Renter	x	...	...	69,090	...	...
Band housing	x	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	x	...	...	173,335	...	...
Condominium	x	...	...	10,415	...	...
Not condominium	x	...	...	162,920	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	x	...	...	173,335	...	...
No bedrooms	x	...	...	880	...	...
1 bedroom	x	...	...	25,130	...	...
2 bedrooms	x	...	...	45,300	...	...
3 bedrooms	x	...	...	62,925	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	x	...	...	39,095	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	x	...	...	173,330	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	x	...	...	46,175	...	...
5 rooms	x	...	...	25,360	...	...
6 rooms	x	...	...	24,825	...	...
7 rooms	x	...	...	22,365	...	...
8 or more rooms	x	...	...	54,600	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	x	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	x	...	...	173,335	...	...
One person or fewer per room	x	...	...	171,995	...	...
More than 1 person per room	x	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	x	...	...	173,330	...	...
Suitable	x	...	...	167,360	...	...
Not suitable	x	...	...	5,970	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	x	...	...	173,335	...	...
1960 or before	x	...	...	35,100	...	...
1961 to 1980	x	...	...	49,465	...	...
1981 to 1990	x	...	...	27,065	...	...
1991 to 2000	x	...	...	24,795	...	...
2001 to 2005	x	...	...	13,145	...	...
2006 to 2010	x	...	...	12,660	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	x	...	...	11,105	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	x	...	...	173,335	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	x	...	...	161,880	...	...
Major repairs needed	x	...	...	11,455	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	x	...	...	173,330	...	...
1 household maintainer	x	...	...	98,435	...	...
2 household maintainers	x	...	...	70,310	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	x	...	...	4,585	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	x	...	...	173,335	...	...
15 to 24 years	x	...	...	9,075	...	...
25 to 34 years	x	...	...	27,930	...	...
35 to 44 years	x	...	...	28,935	...	...
45 to 54 years	x	...	...	34,515	...	...
55 to 64 years	x	...	...	33,685	...	...
65 to 74 years	x	...	...	23,355	...	...
75 to 84 years	x	...	...	12,020	...	...
85 years and over	x	...	...	3,825	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	172,790	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	129,585	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	43,205	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	36,565	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x	...	...	104,185	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	x	...	...	64.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	12.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,187	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,268	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	x	...	...	269,126	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	x	...	...	307,511	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	x	...	...	69,085	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	x	...	...	8.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	43.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	962	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	x	...	...	1,035	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	x	x	x	336,990	161,860	175,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	49,390	25,130	24,260
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	x	x	x	85,375	42,985	42,385
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	202,225	93,750	108,480
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x	x	x	26,235	17,975	8,260
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	x	x	x	14,460	8,130	6,340
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	x	x	x	11,775	9,850	1,925
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	x	x	x	69,915	29,380	40,530
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x	x	x	7,860	3,195	4,660
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	x	x	x	98,220	43,195	55,025
Bachelor's degree	x	x	x	65,770	28,260	37,505
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x	x	x	5,155	2,245	2,910
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x	x	x	2,780	1,490	1,295
Master's degree	x	x	x	20,595	8,755	11,845
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	x	x	x	3,915	2,440	1,470
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	x	x	x	225,315	108,680	116,635
No certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	18,840	10,510	8,335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	x	x	x	49,610	25,540	24,065
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	156,860	72,630	84,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	x	x	x	18,430	12,980	5,450
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	x	x	x	10,095	5,910	4,195
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	x	x	x	8,330	7,070	1,260
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	x	x	x	53,870	23,340	30,535
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	x	x	x	5,300	2,140	3,155
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	x	x	x	79,265	34,165	45,095
Bachelor's degree	x	x	x	53,060	22,730	30,325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	x	x	x	4,055	1,655	2,405
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	x	x	x	2,295	1,115	1,180
Master's degree	x	x	x	17,035	7,065	9,970
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	x	x	x	2,815	1,605	1,215
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	x	x	x	336,990	161,860	175,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	x	x	x	134,765	68,110	66,650
Education	x	x	x	12,640	3,230	9,410
13. Education	x	x	x	12,640	3,225	9,415
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x	x	x	6,780	3,190	3,590
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x	x	x	1,320	970	345
50. Visual and performing arts	x	x	x	5,465	2,220	3,245
Humanities	x	x	x	10,725	4,110	6,615
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	x	x	x	740	230	515
23. English language and literature/letters	x	x	x	3,220	970	2,250
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x	x	x	2,300	765	1,540
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	x	x	x	45	20	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x	x	x	715	380	330
39. Theology and religious vocations	x	x	x	855	510	345
54. History	x	x	x	2,255	1,125	1,130
55. French language and literature/letters	x	x	x	585	105	480
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x	x	x	23,775	7,680	16,100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x	x	x	420	85	330
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x	x	x	2,300	835	1,460
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x	x	x	4,015	315	3,705
22. Legal professions and studies	x	x	x	3,600	1,200	2,400
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	x	x	x	390	100	290
42. Psychology	x	x	x	5,030	1,310	3,720
45. Social sciences	x	x	x	8,025	3,825	4,200
Business, management and public administration	x	x	x	47,160	16,445	30,715
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x	x	x	70	15	55
44. Public administration and social service professions	x	x	x	2,855	685	2,170
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x	x	x	44,230	15,740	28,490
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x	x	x	9,845	4,740	5,105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x	x	x	4,595	1,885	2,710
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x	x	x	2,025	785	1,235
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	x	x	x	95	30	70
40. Physical sciences	x	x	x	2,810	1,960	850
41. Science technologies/technicians	x	x	x	325	85	240
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x	x	x	9,665	6,195	3,475
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x	x	x	7,775	5,305	2,470
25. Library science	x	x	x	700	105	600
27. Mathematics and statistics	x	x	x	1,060	685	375
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	x	x	x	135	100	30
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	x	x	x	37,855	34,910	2,950
04. Architecture and related services	x	x	x	965	620	340
14. Engineering	x	x	x	7,830	6,660	1,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	x	x	x	8,515	7,785	730
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x	x	x	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	x	x	x	8,715	8,480	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x	x	x	8,050	7,725	325
48. Precision production	x	x	x	3,775	3,635	140
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	2,225	1,185	1,035
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	x	x	x	1,035	515	520
03. Natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	1,195	675	520
Health and related fields	x	x	x	28,865	5,360	23,500
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	x	x	x	1,905	905	1,000
51. Health professions and related programs	x	x	x	26,010	3,875	22,135
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	x	x	x	950	575	375
Personal, protective and transportation services	x	x	x	12,645	6,705	5,940
12. Personal and culinary services	x	x	x	7,155	1,905	5,250
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x	x	x	185	180	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x	x	x	515	475	40
43. Security and protective services	x	x	x	2,025	1,610	415
49. Transportation and materials moving	x	x	x	2,765	2,535	230
Other	x	x	x	40	10	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	x	x	x	40	0	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	x	x	x	225,315	108,680	116,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	x	x	x	68,450	36,055	32,400
Education	x	x	x	8,760	2,100	6,665
13. Education	x	x	x	8,765	2,100	6,665
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	x	x	x	5,320	2,515	2,805
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	x	x	x	970	730	240
50. Visual and performing arts	x	x	x	4,355	1,785	2,570
Humanities	x	x	x	8,305	3,110	5,190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	x	x	x	600	180	420
23. English language and literature/letters	x	x	x	2,535	770	1,770
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	x	x	x	1,820	610	1,215
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	x	x	x	45	15	30
38. Philosophy and religious studies	x	x	x	570	290	280
39. Theology and religious vocations	x	x	x	555	330	225
54. History	x	x	x	1,740	830	910
55. French language and literature/letters	x	x	x	425	75	350
Social and behavioural sciences and law	x	x	x	19,585	6,095	13,490
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	x	x	x	350	70	280
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	x	x	x	1,965	695	1,270
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	x	x	x	3,290	255	3,035
22. Legal professions and studies	x	x	x	3,140	930	2,210
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	x	x	x	300	70	230
42. Psychology	x	x	x	4,025	1,035	2,990
45. Social sciences	x	x	x	6,505	3,030	3,475
Business, management and public administration	x	x	x	36,265	12,865	23,405
30.16 Accounting and computer science	x	x	x	70	15	50
44. Public administration and social service professions	x	x	x	2,330	550	1,775
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	x	x	x	33,870	12,295	21,580
Physical and life sciences and technologies	x	x	x	7,315	3,485	3,825
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	x	x	x	3,575	1,470	2,100
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	x	x	x	1,490	595	885
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	x	x	x	90	25	65
40. Physical sciences	x	x	x	1,965	1,360	605
41. Science technologies/technicians	x	x	x	200	30	165
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	x	x	x	8,505	5,570	2,935
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	x	x	x	7,130	4,915	2,215
25. Library science	x	x	x	485	75	410
27. Mathematics and statistics	x	x	x	775	485	290
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	x	x	x	115	90	25
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	x	x	x	28,850	26,345	2,510
04. Architecture and related services	x	x	x	735	450	290
14. Engineering	x	x	x	5,890	4,910	980
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	x	x	x	6,725	6,070	655
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	x	x	x	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	x	x	x	6,640	6,405	235
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	x	x	x	6,105	5,865	245
48. Precision production	x	x	x	2,755	2,650	110
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	1,830	970	855
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	x	x	x	835	415	420
03. Natural resources and conservation	x	x	x	990	555	440
Health and related fields	x	x	x	22,200	4,290	17,915
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	x	x	x	1,510	760	750
51. Health professions and related programs	x	x	x	19,940	3,100	16,840
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	x	x	x	760	430	325
Personal, protective and transportation services	x	x	x	9,885	5,280	4,605
12. Personal and culinary services	x	x	x	5,635	1,575	4,055
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	x	x	x	170	165	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	x	x	x	310	280	30
43. Security and protective services	x	x	x	1,600	1,265	335
49. Transportation and materials moving	x	x	x	2,175	1,995	180
Other	x	x	x	40	10	30
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	x	x	x	40	0	35
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	x	x	x	336,990	161,865	175,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	134,765	68,115	66,650
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	x	x	x	202,225	93,750	108,480
Location of study inside Canada	x	x	x	184,165	84,625	99,545
Same as province or territory of residence	x	x	x	140,590	63,300	77,290
Different than province or territory of residence	x	x	x	43,580	21,325	22,255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	x	x	x	18,055	9,120	8,935
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	x	x	x	3,800	2,010	1,790
Philippines	x	x	x	1,110	390	720
India	x	x	x	1,470	770	700
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	x	x	x	3,175	1,855	1,320
China^{Census data footnote 162}	x	x	x	815	315	495
France	x	x	x	250	145	100
Other	x	x	x	7,440	3,635	3,810
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	x	x	x	225,315	108,680	116,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	x	x	x	68,455	36,055	32,400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	x	x	x	156,860	72,625	84,235
Location of study inside Canada	x	x	x	142,920	65,835	77,090
Same as province or territory of residence	x	x	x	108,590	49,065	59,520
Different than province or territory of residence	x	x	x	34,335	16,765	17,570
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	x	x	x	13,940	6,795	7,150
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	x	x	x	2,510	1,275	1,235
Philippines	x	x	x	1,030	370	660
India	x	x	x	1,165	605	565
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	x	x	x	2,050	1,175	875
China^{Census data footnote 162}	x	x	x	660	260	400
France	x	x	x	200	115	85
Other	x	x	x	6,320	2,995	3,330
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	x	x	x	336,990	161,860	175,125
In the labour force	x	x	x	225,855	115,025	110,830
Employed	x	x	x	209,350	105,865	103,490
Unemployed	x	x	x	16,505	9,165	7,345
Not in the labour force	x	x	x	111,130	46,835	64,295
Participation rate	x	x	x	67.0	71.1	63.3
Employment rate	x	x	x	62.1	65.4	59.1
Unemployment rate	x	x	x	7.3	8.0	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	x	x	x	336,990	161,860	175,125
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	x	x	x	101,955	43,040	58,920
Worked	x	x	x	235,030	118,825	116,210
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	x	x	x	128,760	69,880	58,880
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	x	x	x	106,275	48,945	57,335
Average weeks worked in reference year	x	x	x	43.1	43.6	42.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	x	x	x	225,855	115,030	110,830
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	4,065	2,120	1,950
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	221,785	112,905	108,880
Employee	x	x	x	201,580	100,695	100,880
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	x	x	x	20,205	12,210	7,995
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	x	x	x	225,855	115,025	110,830
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	4,070	2,120	1,950
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	221,785	112,905	108,880
0 Management occupations	x	x	x	24,330	14,500	9,835
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	x	x	x	36,720	10,880	25,835
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	x	x	x	17,555	14,110	3,450
3 Health occupations	x	x	x	17,425	3,410	14,015
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	x	x	x	30,370	12,010	18,360
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	x	x	x	7,550	3,570	3,980
6 Sales and service occupations	x	x	x	55,150	24,340	30,805
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	x	x	x	26,160	24,865	1,300
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	x	x	x	2,735	2,310	430
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	x	x	x	3,790	2,915	870
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	x	x	x	225,855	115,025	110,825
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	x	x	x	4,065	2,120	1,950
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	x	x	x	221,785	112,910	108,880
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	x	x	x	1,440	1,070	375
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	x	x	x	1,115	970	145
22 Utilities	x	x	x	1,600	1,045	550
23 Construction	x	x	x	13,805	12,275	1,535
31-33 Manufacturing	x	x	x	10,000	7,315	2,695
41 Wholesale trade	x	x	x	7,070	5,105	1,965
44-45 Retail trade	x	x	x	26,545	11,985	14,565
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	x	x	x	10,020	7,635	2,385
51 Information and cultural industries	x	x	x	6,320	3,610	2,710
52 Finance and insurance	x	x	x	10,370	4,235	6,130
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	x	x	x	4,390	2,455	1,935
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	x	x	x	17,540	9,885	7,655
55 Management of companies and enterprises	x	x	x	230	90	140
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	x	x	x	11,680	6,820	4,860
61 Educational services	x	x	x	17,530	5,935	11,595
62 Health care and social assistance	x	x	x	28,970	5,415	23,555
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	x	x	x	4,835	2,495	2,345
72 Accommodation and food services	x	x	x	16,125	6,840	9,280
81 Other services (except public administration)	x	x	x	8,845	3,785	5,065
91 Public administration	x	x	x	23,360	13,965	9,390
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	x	x	x	209,350	105,865	103,485
Worked at home	x	x	x	13,580	6,565	7,010
Worked outside Canada	x	x	x	1,040	710	325
No fixed workplace address	x	x	x	22,200	16,350	5,850
Worked at usual place	x	x	x	172,535	82,235	90,295
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	x	x	x	172,530	82,240	90,295
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	x	x	x	166,455	78,620	87,840
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	x	x	x	105	90	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	x	x	x	4,150	2,315	1,830
Commute to a different province or territory	x	x	x	1,825	1,215	605
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	x	x	x	194,735	98,585	96,150
Car, truck, van - as a driver	x	x	x	137,070	73,075	63,995
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	x	x	x	14,265	5,220	9,045
Public transit	x	x	x	22,975	9,960	13,015
Walked	x	x	x	15,925	7,495	8,430
Bicycle	x	x	x	1,965	1,310	655
Other method	x	x	x	2,535	1,525	1,005
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	x	x	x	194,735	98,585	96,150
Less than 15 minutes	x	x	x	48,560	22,250	26,315
15 to 29 minutes	x	x	x	79,430	41,260	38,165
30 to 44 minutes	x	x	x	42,820	22,660	20,160
45 to 59 minutes	x	x	x	13,960	6,940	7,020
60 minutes and over	x	x	x	9,960	5,475	4,490
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	x	x	x	194,735	98,585	96,150
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	x	x	x	9,335	6,045	3,295
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	x	x	x	37,975	22,695	15,280
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	x	x	x	58,965	29,470	29,495
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	x	x	x	41,865	17,970	23,900
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	x	x	x	19,590	8,615	10,975
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	x	x	x	26,995	13,790	13,200
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	x	x	x	241,310	121,735	119,570
Single responses	x	x	x	239,795	121,105	118,685
Official languages	x	x	x	239,060	120,710	118,350
English	x	x	x	237,540	120,315	117,220
French	x	x	x	1,520	390	1,130
Non-official languages	x	x	x	740	395	340
Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Blackfoot	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Atikamekw	x	x	x	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Moose Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Naskapi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Plains Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Woods Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malecite	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ojibway	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Beaver	x	x	x	0	0	0
Carrier	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chilcotin	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dene	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gwich'in	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sekani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	x	x	x	0	0	0
South Slavey	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tahltan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	x	x	x	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuktitut	x	x	x	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cayuga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mohawk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oneida	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kutenai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Michif	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Comox	x	x	x	0	0	0
Halkomelem	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lillooet	x	x	x	0	0	0
Okanagan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Squamish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Straits	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dakota	x	x	x	0	0	0
Stoney	x	x	x	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tlingit	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nisga'a	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tsimshian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haisla	x	x	x	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	x	x	x	735	400	340
Afro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	150	115	40
Berber languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kabyle	x	x	x	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bilen	x	x	x	0	0	0
Oromo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Somali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages	x	x	x	150	110	40
Amharic	x	x	x	10	0	0
Arabic	x	x	x	130	100	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Harari	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hebrew	x	x	x	15	15	10
Maltese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tigrigna	x	x	x	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	x	x	x	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vietnamese	x	x	x	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	x	x	x	10	0	0
Bikol	x	x	x	0	0	0
Cebuano	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fijian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ilocano	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malagasy	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malay	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pangasinan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	x	x	x	15	0	10
Waray-Waray	x	x	x	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kannada	x	x	x	0	0	0
Malayalam	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tamil	x	x	x	0	0	0
Telugu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	x	x	x	200	110	90
Albanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Armenian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	x	x	x	30	20	10
Baltic languages	x	x	x	0	0	10
Latvian	x	x	x	10	0	10
Lithuanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages	x	x	x	25	20	10
Belarusan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bosnian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bulgarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Croatian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Czech	x	x	x	0	0	0
Macedonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Polish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Russian	x	x	x	30	20	10
Serbian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slovak	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ukrainian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Welsh	x	x	x	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages	x	x	x	40	20	20
Afrikaans	x	x	x	0	0	0
Danish	x	x	x	10	10	0
Dutch	x	x	x	0	0	0
Frisian	x	x	x	0	0	0
German	x	x	x	25	10	15
Icelandic	x	x	x	0	0	0
Norwegian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swedish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yiddish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Greek	x	x	x	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	x	x	x	50	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	x	x	x	20	20	0
Bengali	x	x	x	0	0	0
Gujarati	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hindi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kashmiri	x	x	x	0	0	0
Konkani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Marathi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nepali	x	x	x	20	15	0
Oriya (Odia)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	x	x	x	10	0	0
Sindhi	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Urdu	x	x	x	0	0	0
Iranian languages	x	x	x	30	10	20
Kurdish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Pashto	x	x	x	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	x	x	x	30	15	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	x	x	x	80	35	40
Catalan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Italian	x	x	x	10	10	0
Portuguese	x	x	x	30	10	20
Romanian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Spanish	x	x	x	40	15	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Japanese	x	x	x	20	10	15
Kartvelian languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Georgian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Korean	x	x	x	30	10	20
Mongolic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mongolian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Bamanankan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Edo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ewe	x	x	x	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ga	x	x	x	0	0	0
Ganda	x	x	x	0	0	0
Igbo	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lingala	x	x	x	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Shona	x	x	x	0	0	0
Swahili	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wolof	x	x	x	0	0	0
Yoruba	x	x	x	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Dinka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages	x	x	x	30	0	25
American Sign Language	x	x	x	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	10	0	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	x	x	x	280	150	125
Chinese languages	x	x	x	280	150	130
Cantonese	x	x	x	60	35	25
Hakka	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mandarin	x	x	x	205	100	100
Min Dong	x	x	x	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	x	x	x	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	x	x	x	15	15	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Burmese	x	x	x	0	0	0
Karenic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibetan	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Lao	x	x	x	0	0	0
Thai	x	x	x	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages	x	x	x	0	0	10
Azerbaijani	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkish	x	x	x	10	0	10
Uyghur	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uzbek	x	x	x	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages	x	x	x	0	0	0
Estonian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Finnish	x	x	x	0	0	0
Hungarian	x	x	x	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	x	x	x	0	0	0
Multiple responses	x	x	x	1,510	630	880
English and French	x	x	x	920	335	585
English and non-official language	x	x	x	555	285	280
French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	30	15	20
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	x	x	x	241,305	121,740	119,570
None	x	x	x	230,880	116,660	114,225
English	x	x	x	1,330	460	870
French	x	x	x	7,045	3,575	3,465
Non-official language	x	x	x	1,905	955	950
Aboriginal	x	x	x	30	15	10
Non-Aboriginal	x	x	x	1,870	940	935
English and French	x	x	x	0	0	0
English and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	0
French and non-official language	x	x	x	150	85	60
English, French and non-official language	x	x	x	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	x	x	x	393,605	190,850	202,755
Non-movers	x	x	x	334,905	162,305	172,605
Movers	x	x	x	58,700	28,545	30,155
Non-migrants	x	x	x	41,625	20,265	21,360
Migrants	x	x	x	17,070	8,280	8,790
Internal migrants	x	x	x	12,075	5,790	6,285
Intraprovincial migrants	x	x	x	4,120	1,835	2,285
Interprovincial migrants	x	x	x	7,950	3,950	4,005
External migrants	x	x	x	4,995	2,490	2,505
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	x	x	x	377,605	182,715	194,890
Non-movers	x	x	x	227,290	109,635	117,655
Movers	x	x	x	150,315	73,085	77,230
Non-migrants	x	x	x	99,250	48,120	51,130
Migrants	x	x	x	51,065	24,965	26,100
Internal migrants	x	x	x	36,415	17,315	19,100
Intraprovincial migrants	x	x	x	11,995	5,395	6,595
Interprovincial migrants	x	x	x	24,420	11,920	12,505
External migrants	x	x	x	14,650	7,645	7,000

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Telfordville, UNP [Designated place], Alberta and Halifax, RGM [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Telfordville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta and Halifax, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Telfordville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta and Halifax, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Telfordville, Unincorporated place [Designated place], Alberta and Halifax, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia