Census Profile, 2016 Census
Special Area No. 4, Special area [Census subdivision], Alberta and Oxford County Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Special Area No. 4, SA Alberta [Census subdivision]			Oxford County Health Unit, Ontario [Health region, December 2017]
	Data quality , Special Area No. 4, Special area [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : Special Area No. 4, Special area [Census subdivision], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Oxford County Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Map : Oxford County Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	1,237	...	...	110,862	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	1,352	...	...	105,719	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-8.5	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	471	...	...	45,350	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	429	...	...	44,266	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.3	...	...	54.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	4,402.64	...	...	2,039.61	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	1,235	630	610	110,860	54,745	56,115
0 to 14 years	290	135	155	19,715	10,140	9,575
0 to 4 years	75	40	40	6,470	3,295	3,175
5 to 9 years	100	55	50	6,620	3,420	3,205
10 to 14 years	110	45	65	6,630	3,430	3,200
15 to 64 years	800	410	385	70,465	35,280	35,185
15 to 19 years	100	55	40	6,720	3,445	3,280
20 to 24 years	60	25	30	6,430	3,295	3,140
25 to 29 years	65	35	30	6,365	3,200	3,160
30 to 34 years	60	25	35	6,640	3,395	3,245
35 to 39 years	80	45	35	6,560	3,295	3,265
40 to 44 years	90	50	40	6,695	3,345	3,345
45 to 49 years	70	30	40	7,005	3,540	3,470
50 to 54 years	100	45	60	8,495	4,150	4,345
55 to 59 years	95	45	50	8,270	4,035	4,235
60 to 64 years	90	55	35	7,290	3,590	3,695
65 years and over	145	85	65	20,685	9,325	11,360
65 to 69 years	60	30	25	6,495	3,110	3,385
70 to 74 years	40	20	20	4,870	2,320	2,550
75 to 79 years	25	15	10	3,705	1,720	1,980
80 to 84 years	15	10	5	2,790	1,170	1,625
85 years and over	5	5	0	2,825	1,000	1,820
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	1,790	705	1,080
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	800	240	560
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	205	50	160
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.5	21.4	25.4	17.8	18.5	17.1
15 to 64 years	64.8	65.1	63.1	63.6	64.4	62.7
65 years and over	11.7	13.5	10.7	18.7	17.0	20.2
85 years and over	0.4	0.8	0.0	2.5	1.8	3.2
Average age of the population	37.4	38.3	36.4	41.5	40.4	42.6
Median age of the population	38.5	39.2	37.4	42.3	40.9	43.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
Single-detached house	395	...	...	31,955	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,925	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	10,160	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	2,325	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	2,680	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	785	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	4,255	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	105	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	30	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	425	...	...	44,265	...	...
1 person	75	...	...	11,285	...	...
2 persons	185	...	...	16,735	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	6,490	...	...
4 persons	70	...	...	6,065	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	3,695	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,140	...	...	109,155	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	945	495	450	91,145	44,605	46,540
Married or living common law	700	350	345	56,625	28,320	28,305
Married	625	315	310	47,415	23,720	23,695
Living common law	75	35	35	9,210	4,600	4,610
Not married and not living common law	245	140	105	34,515	16,285	18,230
Never married	180	110	70	20,685	11,585	9,105
Separated	5	5	0	2,755	1,240	1,515
Divorced	25	20	5	5,175	2,235	2,945
Widowed	35	10	25	5,900	1,230	4,675
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	350	...	...	32,460	...	...
2 persons	185	...	...	17,215	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	6,335	...	...
4 persons	70	...	...	5,835	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	3,070	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	345	...	...	32,460	...	...
Total couple families	325	...	...	27,910	...	...
Married couples	290	...	...	23,305	...	...
Common-law couples	35	...	...	4,605	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	20	...	...	4,555	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	3,485	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	1,065	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	330	...	...	27,910	...	...
Couples without children	175	...	...	14,525	...	...
Couples with children	150	...	...	13,385	...	...
1 child	35	...	...	4,970	...	...
2 children	65	...	...	5,450	...	...
3 or more children	50	...	...	2,965	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	4,555	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	2,695	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,365	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	105	60	40	15,325	7,385	7,935
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
One-census-family households	345	...	...	31,290	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	170	...	...	14,050	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	170	...	...	17,245	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	575	...	...
Non-census-family households	85	...	...	12,395	...	...
One-person households	75	...	...	11,285	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	1,115	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	1,240	630	605	109,720	54,370	55,355
English only	1,215	620	595	104,690	52,215	52,475
French only	0	0	0	30	10	15
English and French	10	0	10	4,565	1,920	2,650
Neither English nor French	10	10	0	430	220	215
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	1,235	630	605	109,725	54,365	55,355
English	1,220	625	605	108,245	53,670	54,575
French	5	5	5	960	450	510
English and French	0	0	0	100	45	55
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	415	210	210
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	5	1,010	470	540
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.8	0.9	0.9	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	1,240	630	605	109,720	54,365	55,355
Single responses	1,235	630	605	108,875	53,950	54,925
Official languages	1,095	555	535	99,290	49,240	50,055
English	1,085	555	530	98,190	48,730	49,455
French	5	0	0	1,100	505	595
Non-official languages	140	70	75	9,585	4,715	4,870
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	70	75	9,575	4,715	4,860
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	70	50
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	120	75	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	100	55	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	165	70	90
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	150	45	100
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	110	30	80
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	15	20
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-European languages	140	70	70	8,040	4,005	4,040
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	1,105	505	595
Baltic languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slavic languages	15	10	10	1,055	485	575
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	700	305	390
Russian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	30	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ukrainian	15	10	5	90	45	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	120	55	60	5,160	2,540	2,615
Afrikaans	5	0	0	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Dutch	5	0	0	2,685	1,350	1,340
Frisian	0	0	0	65	35	30
German	110	55	55	2,165	1,055	1,110
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	190	80	110
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	95	50	45
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	375	195	180
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	345	180	165
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	90	50	40
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	145	75	70
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	65	35	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	1,275	695	575
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Italian	0	0	0	335	175	155
Portuguese	0	0	0	500	265	245
Romanian	0	0	0	90	50	45
Spanish	5	5	5	335	200	135
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	30	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	130	60	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Chinese languages	0	0	0	190	90	100
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	35	30
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	40	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	30	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	490	235	255
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	465	220	245
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	0	850	415	435
English and French	5	0	5	150	65	85
English and non-official language	0	0	0	675	340	335
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	1,235	630	605	109,725	54,370	55,355
Single responses	1,230	625	600	108,175	53,625	54,545
Official languages	1,120	570	550	105,135	52,145	52,990
English	1,115	565	550	104,910	52,040	52,870
French	0	0	0	225	105	115
Non-official languages	110	60	50	3,040	1,480	1,560
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	5
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	110	55	50	3,040	1,480	1,555
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	50	35	20
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	50	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	55	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	50	60
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	55	25	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	50	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	55	50	2,320	1,140	1,175
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	350	155	190
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	10	5	5	340	155	185
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	265	120	140
Russian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	5	5	15	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	95	50	50	1,300	620	675
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	465	230	240
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	100	50	50	800	380	420
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	205	110	95
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	185	100	85
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	30	25
Hindi	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	15	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	425	230	195
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	70	35	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	60	80
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	0	0	0	180	125	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	40	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	30	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	105	45	60
Chinese languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	55	20	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	135	55	80
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	135	55	80
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	10	1,550	740	810
English and French	0	0	0	95	35	55
English and non-official language	10	0	10	1,430	695	735
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	1,235	630	610	109,725	54,370	55,355
None	1,210	620	595	104,395	51,850	52,545
English	5	5	5	1,285	605	675
French	0	0	0	860	380	470
Non-official language	20	5	10	3,115	1,490	1,625
Aboriginal	5	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	15	5	10	3,110	1,485	1,620
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	15	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	890	460	430	89,450	44,000	45,450
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	845	445	405	86,535	42,680	43,855
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,907	51,072	33,664	36,025	43,979	28,944
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	845	440	405	86,555	42,680	43,870
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,728	44,960	31,040	32,590	38,895	26,671
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	815	430	385	79,230	40,035	39,190
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,088	48,981	31,616	33,426	42,620	25,236
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	440	170	270	60,680	26,925	33,755
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,288	4,832	4,096	6,799	5,600	7,296
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	715	375	340	65,530	34,565	30,965
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,573	41,152	25,024	35,195	43,584	27,407
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	885	480	410	89,450	44,000	45,445
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	845	450	395	86,520	42,625	43,900
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,923	72,614	47,487	43,553	51,365	35,968
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	845	455	395	86,535	42,625	43,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,832	53,075	35,360	36,892	42,713	31,241
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	825	440	385	79,210	39,995	39,215
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	59,019	71,676	44,544	41,217	49,504	32,764
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	455	195	260	60,640	26,980	33,660
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,476	6,989	6,091	8,307	7,765	8,740
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	715	380	335	65,530	34,555	30,975
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,804	67,032	41,025	41,260	48,019	33,721
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	885	475	410	89,455	44,000	45,445
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	375	235	140	35,160	20,920	14,240
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,731	56,690	41,891	50,876	55,790	45,195
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	71,590	78,109	60,874	57,230	62,276	49,814
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	93.3	95.5	89.8	86.6	90.3	81.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.1	73.9	69.7	71.5	75.9	65.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	6.7	4.7	10.0	13.4	9.7	18.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	890	460	430	89,455	44,005	45,450
Without total income	45	20	25	2,910	1,320	1,590
With total income	850	440	405	86,540	42,680	43,855
Percentage with total income	95.5	95.7	94.2	96.7	97.0	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	105	30	70	9,945	3,815	6,130
$10,000 to $19,999	105	50	55	14,135	5,255	8,885
$20,000 to $29,999	95	45	50	12,660	5,090	7,570
$30,000 to $39,999	100	40	55	10,730	5,015	5,715
$40,000 to $49,999	90	45	40	10,435	5,220	5,215
$50,000 to $59,999	80	45	35	8,310	4,825	3,485
$60,000 to $69,999	55	35	20	5,865	3,720	2,150
$70,000 to $79,999	50	25	25	3,900	2,505	1,395
$80,000 to $89,999	25	20	10	2,935	1,910	1,025
$90,000 to $99,999	35	20	15	2,760	1,750	1,010
$100,000 and over	105	85	20	4,860	3,580	1,285
$100,000 to $149,999	70	55	15	3,715	2,720	1,000
$150,000 and over	40	30	10	1,145	855	285
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	890	460	430	89,450	44,000	45,450
Without after-tax income	45	20	25	2,895	1,320	1,575
With after-tax income	850	440	405	86,555	42,680	43,875
Percentage with after-tax income	95.5	95.7	94.2	96.8	97.0	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	110	35	70	10,305	3,910	6,395
$10,000 to $19,999	110	55	60	14,880	5,545	9,340
$20,000 to $29,999	110	45	60	14,730	6,080	8,650
$30,000 to $39,999	125	55	70	13,405	6,565	6,840
$40,000 to $49,999	105	60	45	12,090	6,690	5,400
$50,000 to $59,999	75	40	30	7,550	4,705	2,850
$60,000 to $69,999	60	40	20	4,930	3,230	1,700
$70,000 to $79,999	55	35	25	3,895	2,525	1,365
$80,000 and over	100	80	25	4,765	3,430	1,335
$80,000 to $89,999	30	20	10	1,930	1,355	570
$90,000 to $99,999	20	20	5	1,020	740	280
$100,000 and over	50	40	15	1,820	1,340	480
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	890	460	430	89,455	44,000	45,450
Without employment income	175	85	90	23,920	9,440	14,480
With employment income	720	375	340	65,525	34,565	30,965
Percentage with employment income	80.9	81.5	79.1	73.2	78.6	68.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	95	45	50	9,235	4,585	4,645
$5,000 to $9,999	65	20	40	5,205	2,100	3,100
$10,000 to $19,999	100	45	55	8,280	3,440	4,835
$20,000 to $29,999	85	35	45	6,625	2,775	3,850
$30,000 to $39,999	65	35	30	6,780	3,075	3,705
$40,000 to $49,999	70	35	35	7,405	3,815	3,595
$50,000 to $59,999	45	25	15	6,270	3,885	2,390
$60,000 to $69,999	40	20	25	4,210	2,820	1,395
$70,000 to $79,999	30	15	10	2,985	1,995	990
$80,000 and over	130	95	35	8,540	6,085	2,455
$80,000 to $89,999	20	15	5	2,425	1,610	820
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	2,375	1,545	830
$100,000 and over	90	70	15	3,735	2,930	805
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	91,392	...	...	72,294	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	77,227	...	...	63,630	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	75	...	...	11,285	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,752	...	...	36,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,888	...	...	32,582	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	350	...	...	32,980	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,144	...	...	87,520	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,424	...	...	76,405	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	425	...	...	44,265	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	120,318	...	...	85,131	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	88,541	...	...	72,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	85	...	...	11,265	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,258	...	...	42,323	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,391	...	...	36,265	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	345	...	...	33,005	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	138,954	...	...	99,742	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,908	...	...	84,358	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	430	...	...	44,270	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	310	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	440	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	950	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	1,365	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	1,795	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	1,550	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	1,835	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	1,890	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	2,000	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	2,000	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	3,780	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	3,455	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	3,305	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25	...	...	2,985	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	25	...	...	2,865	...	...
$100,000 and over	190	...	...	13,740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	60	...	...	5,335	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45	...	...	3,370	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	50	...	...	3,225	...	...
$200,000 and over	40	...	...	1,815	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	355	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	445	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	965	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	1,445	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	2,025	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	20	...	...	1,755	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	2,150	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	2,360	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15	...	...	2,440	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	2,300	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	4,375	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	45	...	...	4,080	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	35	...	...	3,880	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35	...	...	3,365	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	30	...	...	2,740	...	...
$100,000 and over	140	...	...	9,585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65	...	...	4,720	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	35	...	...	2,400	...	...
$150,000 and over	45	...	...	2,470	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	345	...	...	32,210	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,973	...	...	87,418	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,168	...	...	76,275	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	175	...	...	13,780	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,256	...	...	77,487	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,432	...	...	67,980	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	13,525	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,347	...	...	110,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,720	...	...	94,663	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	4,235	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	53,982	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	49,651	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	340	...	...	32,295	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	140,582	...	...	99,517	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,996	...	...	84,114	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	13,830	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	142,276	...	...	89,425	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,985	...	...	75,266	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	160	...	...	13,525	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	144,025	...	...	122,073	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,497	...	...	102,636	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	4,260	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	63,062	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	55,583	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	90	60	30	13,670	6,665	7,005
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,912	39,040	34,944	34,463	40,168	29,664
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,456	36,736	34,944	31,259	35,379	27,488
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	95	65	35	13,490	6,650	6,835
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,912	44,639	39,820	41,094	45,562	36,748
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,700	37,251	35,712	35,276	38,314	32,321
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	1,140	580	560	109,155	54,135	55,015
In the bottom half of the distribution	470	235	235	53,255	25,530	27,725
In the bottom decile	75	35	40	7,245	3,430	3,820
In the second decile	75	35	35	9,965	4,390	5,575
In the third decile	115	60	55	11,760	5,655	6,105
In the fourth decile	125	65	65	11,940	5,855	6,085
In the fifth decile	80	45	35	12,335	6,195	6,145
In the top half of the distribution	665	345	325	55,900	28,610	27,290
In the sixth decile	110	50	60	12,880	6,535	6,345
In the seventh decile	130	70	60	12,575	6,425	6,150
In the eighth decile	105	55	45	12,115	6,195	5,920
In the ninth decile	190	95	100	11,115	5,770	5,350
In the top decile	135	70	65	7,210	3,685	3,525
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	1,140	580	560	109,155	54,140	55,020
0 to 17 years	300	145	155	23,790	12,205	11,585
0 to 5 years	85	40	45	7,740	3,920	3,820
18 to 64 years	700	355	345	66,005	32,990	33,015
65 years and over	140	80	55	19,360	8,945	10,415
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	105	45	55	11,835	5,310	6,520
0 to 17 years	30	10	15	3,260	1,640	1,615
0 to 5 years	5	5	5	1,225	610	615
18 to 64 years	65	30	35	6,470	2,975	3,490
65 years and over	10	10	5	2,110	695	1,415
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.2	7.8	9.8	10.8	9.8	11.9
0 to 17 years (%)	10.0	6.9	9.7	13.7	13.4	13.9
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	12.5	11.1	15.8	15.6	16.1
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	8.5	10.1	9.8	9.0	10.6
65 years and over (%)	7.1	12.5	9.1	10.9	7.8	13.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	20	20	4,715	2,280	2,435
0 to 17 years	10	0	5	1,140	570	575
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	425	210	220
18 to 64 years	20	10	10	3,275	1,585	1,685
65 years and over	5	0	0	305	125	180
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.1	3.4	3.6	4.3	4.2	4.4
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	0.0	3.2	4.8	4.7	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.5	5.4	5.8
18 to 64 years (%)	2.9	2.8	2.9	5.0	4.8	5.1
65 years and over (%)	3.6	0.0	0.0	1.6	1.4	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	1,140	600	545	109,155	54,135	55,020
Official languages	1,125	585	540	108,725	53,980	54,745
English	1,120	585	540	108,715	53,980	54,735
French	10	0	10	4,560	1,800	2,760
Non-official languages	45	25	20	11,985	5,885	6,100
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	15	0	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	10	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	45	25	20	11,940	5,865	6,075
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	80	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	115	75	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	105	70	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	10	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	215	110	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	200	105	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	10	245	95	150
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	0	230	85	145
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	30	15	20
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	15	15	10,170	4,980	5,190
Albanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,215	565	650
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,200	555	640
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	810	350	460
Russian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Serbian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	55	30	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	65	40	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	6,465	3,145	3,320
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Dutch	0	0	0	3,585	1,775	1,810
Frisian	0	0	0	80	45	35
German	15	10	0	2,600	1,250	1,355
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	265	115	150
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Greek	0	0	0	220	120	105
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	350	190	160
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	320	170	150
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	80	35	45
Hindi	0	0	0	95	45	45
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	125	75	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Urdu	0	0	0	100	60	45
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	2,035	1,045	990
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	510	265	245
Portuguese	0	0	0	675	380	300
Romanian	0	0	0	135	75	65
Spanish	0	10	0	765	370	395
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	120	65	55
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	135	70	60
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75	25	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	200	105	100
American Sign Language	0	0	0	80	30	55
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	125	75	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	135	70	70
Chinese languages	0	0	0	125	65	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	55	25	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Lao	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	20	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	25	20	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	540	270	270
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	515	250	265
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	1,140	600	540	109,155	54,135	55,015
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	1,115	585	530	106,810	53,005	53,805
Canadian citizens aged under 18	300	140	160	23,700	12,105	11,600
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	810	445	370	83,110	40,895	42,210
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	25	10	15	2,345	1,130	1,210
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	1,140	600	540	109,155	54,135	55,020
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	1,110	580	530	98,090	48,730	49,355
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	30	20	10	10,785	5,230	5,555
Before 1981	10	0	0	6,045	2,880	3,165
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	1,400	685	715
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,470	725	745
2001 to 2010	10	0	0	1,355	685	665
2001 to 2005	10	0	0	735	375	365
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	615	315	300
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	10	10	520	260	260
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	280	175	105
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	25	20	10	10,785	5,235	5,555
Under 5 years	10	0	0	1,650	820	830
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	2,835	1,415	1,425
15 to 24 years	10	10	0	2,665	1,250	1,420
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,195	1,510	1,680
45 years and over	0	0	0	440	240	205
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	25	15	10	10,785	5,230	5,555
Americas	10	10	10	1,720	850	870
Brazil	0	0	0	30	15	15
Colombia	0	0	0	80	45	40
El Salvador	0	0	0	30	20	15
Guyana	0	0	0	70	40	35
Haiti	0	0	0	0	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	155	95	60
Mexico	10	10	0	450	255	200
Peru	0	0	0	25	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	55	35	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	620	240	380
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	195	95	100
Europe	0	0	0	7,685	3,720	3,960
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	50	30	20
Croatia	0	0	0	60	35	25
France	0	0	0	30	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	580	280	300
Greece	0	0	0	80	45	30
Hungary	0	0	0	235	135	105
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	80	55	25
Italy	0	0	0	245	120	125
Netherlands	0	0	0	2,385	1,150	1,235
Poland	0	0	0	505	220	285
Portugal	0	0	0	400	205	200
Romania	0	0	0	190	100	90
Russian Federation	0	0	0	45	20	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	45	15	35
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	2,120	985	1,130
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	615	305	310
Africa	0	0	0	195	95	95
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	50	25	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	50	30	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	70	35	35
Asia	10	10	10	1,170	550	620
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	20	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	60	30	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	10
India	0	0	0	255	140	120
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	95	50	45
Lebanon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	45	35
Philippines	15	0	0	210	65	145
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	130	45	80
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	220	120	105
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	15	15	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	0	515	260	260
Americas	0	0	0	210	95	115
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	50	30	20
Mexico	0	0	0	20	15	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	70	20	50
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	45	20	30
Europe	0	0	0	90	60	35
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	70	40	30
Africa	0	0	0	40	25	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	35	15	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	10	0
Asia	10	10	0	170	80	90
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	40	15	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	0	80	35	45
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	1,140	600	545	109,155	54,140	55,020
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	30	20	15	11,465	5,605	5,860
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	80	35	45	19,620	9,970	9,650
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	1,025	545	480	78,070	38,570	39,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	20	15	10	4,840	2,415	2,425
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	0	0	2,485	1,300	1,190
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	730	540	190
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	10	0	1,755	760	990
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	10	0	1,700	715	985
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	610	390	225
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	45	20	30
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	1,140	600	545	109,155	54,135	55,020
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	15	10	10	2,050	975	1,075
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	15	0	10	1,940	945	995
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	1,200	610	585
Métis	10	0	0	735	330	405
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	45	10	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	65	20	50
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,125	590	535	107,105	53,160	53,945
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	1,140	600	540	109,155	54,135	55,015
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	10	10	625	280	345
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,125	595	535	108,530	53,855	54,675
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	1,140	600	545	109,155	54,140	55,020
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	10	320	145	180
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	10	300	130	170
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	240	100	145
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	45	25	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	15	10	10	3,220	1,555	1,665
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	15	10	0	3,125	1,515	1,605
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	2,360	1,160	1,200
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	715	350	365
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	45	0	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	100	40	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	100	35	60
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	1,125	590	535	105,615	52,440	53,180
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	1,140	595	540	109,155	54,135	55,015
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10	10	0	3,440	1,805	1,635
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	575	315	265
Chinese	0	0	0	195	85	110
Black	0	0	0	930	525	410
Filipino	10	0	10	360	150	210
Latin American	0	0	0	340	155	185
Arab	0	0	0	120	80	40
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	385	205	175
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	35	10	20
Korean	0	0	0	155	80	75
Japanese	0	0	0	105	45	60
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	175	120	55
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	1,130	590	540	105,715	52,335	53,380
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	1,140	600	545	109,155	54,135	55,020
North American Aboriginal origins	15	10	10	3,540	1,700	1,845
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	10	0	2,720	1,310	1,410
Inuit	0	0	0	70	15	55
Métis	0	0	0	875	425	445
Other North American origins	415	200	220	37,880	18,700	19,185
Acadian	0	0	0	55	35	20
American	40	20	25	1,485	680	805
Canadian	395	195	200	36,945	18,330	18,615
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	45	10	35
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	45	15	30
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	10	0
European origins	865	460	405	88,175	43,645	44,535
British Isles origins	515	275	240	59,575	29,230	30,345
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	20	10	20
English	330	190	145	38,665	18,795	19,870
Irish	180	85	95	20,850	9,930	10,925
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish	270	110	160	26,495	12,930	13,565
Welsh	35	15	15	1,915	965	955
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	10	3,280	1,485	1,790
French origins	95	60	35	9,425	4,375	5,050
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	100	65	35	9,425	4,375	5,050
Western European origins (except French origins)	415	230	190	37,205	18,440	18,770
Austrian	0	0	10	420	245	175
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	45	10	30	3,095	1,510	1,580
Dutch	25	10	20	15,860	8,050	7,815
Flemish	0	0	0	85	40	45
Frisian	0	0	0	175	85	90
German	375	220	160	20,470	9,935	10,535
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	945	505	440
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	140	75	70	1,725	880	850
Danish	10	0	0	480	290	190
Finnish	0	0	0	240	135	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	75	45	30
Norwegian	90	45	40	455	190	270
Swedish	55	30	20	460	200	260
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	10	0	90	60	30
Eastern European origins	235	150	90	9,980	4,860	5,120
Bulgarian	20	10	10	55	35	15
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	165	90	75
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	0	180	90	90
Estonian	0	0	0	70	25	40
Hungarian	0	0	0	2,915	1,445	1,470
Latvian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	220	105	120
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	60	40	3,575	1,655	1,915
Romanian	0	10	0	550	235	315
Russian	75	50	25	940	455	485
Slovak	10	0	10	245	110	135
Ukrainian	75	40	30	2,110	1,060	1,045
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Southern European origins	20	10	10	6,250	3,285	2,965
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	270	130	145
Cypriot	0	0	0	95	40	55
Greek	0	0	0	535	300	235
Italian	10	0	10	2,970	1,520	1,455
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Maltese	0	0	0	160	75	85
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,545	885	670
Serbian	0	0	0	125	70	55
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	105	55	45
Spanish	10	10	10	535	260	280
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	210	90	120
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	10	330	155	175
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	90	30	65
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	0	10	20	15	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	210	115	95
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	860	495	365
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	50	20	30
Dominican	0	0	0	15	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	495	280	215
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	85	55	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	25	25	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	110	70	45
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	35	25	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,185	605	580
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	45	25	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	140	60	80
Costa Rican	0	0	0	25	0	20
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	130	75	55
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	10	0	0	650	355	295
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Salvadorean	0	0	0	50	15	35
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	0	0	0	375	205	170
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	80	30	45
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	10	20
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	40	30	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	100	65	35
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	60	50	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	165	80	85
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	145	70	75
Asian origins	10	10	0	2,390	1,145	1,240
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	360	170	190
Afghan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Armenian	0	0	0	30	10	25
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	25	15	15
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	150	55	95
Palestinian	0	0	0	20	20	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	45	25	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	10	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	595	325	275
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	450	250	200
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	115	65	50
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	15	10	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	10	10	1,395	640	755
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese	15	10	10	275	120	150
Filipino	10	0	0	400	165	240
Hmong	0	0	0	20	20	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	65	20	40
Japanese	0	0	0	160	60	100
Karen	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	160	80	80
Laotian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	235	120	115
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Oceania origins	10	10	10	95	30	65
Australian	10	0	0	75	25	55
New Zealander	0	0	0	15	0	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
Owner	370	...	...	32,650	...	...
Renter	60	...	...	11,620	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	2,415	...	...
Not condominium	425	...	...	41,855	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	60	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	3,435	...	...
2 bedrooms	40	...	...	9,865	...	...
3 bedrooms	135	...	...	19,785	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	245	...	...	11,120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10	...	...	6,330	...	...
5 rooms	55	...	...	5,560	...	...
6 rooms	45	...	...	7,460	...	...
7 rooms	90	...	...	7,330	...	...
8 or more rooms	230	...	...	17,585	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.2	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	430	...	...	44,270	...	...
One person or fewer per room	430	...	...	44,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	430	...	...	44,270	...	...
Suitable	425	...	...	43,260	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,010	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
1960 or before	80	...	...	14,960	...	...
1961 to 1980	140	...	...	11,690	...	...
1981 to 1990	60	...	...	4,650	...	...
1991 to 2000	50	...	...	5,045	...	...
2001 to 2005	15	...	...	2,460	...	...
2006 to 2010	50	...	...	2,960	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	30	...	...	2,495	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	430	...	...	44,270	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	395	...	...	41,535	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	2,730	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
1 household maintainer	285	...	...	25,050	...	...
2 household maintainers	135	...	...	18,680	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	430	...	...	44,265	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	1,135	...	...
25 to 34 years	60	...	...	5,885	...	...
35 to 44 years	85	...	...	7,135	...	...
45 to 54 years	60	...	...	8,830	...	...
55 to 64 years	105	...	...	8,785	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	6,750	...	...
75 to 84 years	30	...	...	4,095	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	1,650	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	230	...	...	42,785	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	190	...	...	34,255	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	35	...	...	8,530	...	...
30% to less than 100%	30	...	...	7,735	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	180	...	...	31,325	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.8	...	...	60.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.8	...	...	12.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	883	...	...	1,097	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,064	...	...	1,182	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,007	...	...	259,479	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	233,791	...	...	301,723	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	11,475	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	40.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	401	...	...	902	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	494	...	...	936	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	885	475	410	89,455	44,005	45,445
No certificate, diploma or degree	220	140	85	20,995	10,780	10,215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	245	155	90	27,955	14,105	13,855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	420	185	235	40,500	19,120	21,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	110	70	35	6,995	5,140	1,855
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	25	15	15	3,110	1,935	1,175
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	80	60	25	3,885	3,205	685
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	250	105	150	22,045	9,175	12,865
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	25	0	20	1,290	640	655
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35	15	20	10,170	4,165	6,005
Bachelor's degree	25	10	20	7,545	2,925	4,620
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	650	260	385
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	280	150	125
Master's degree	10	10	0	1,500	735	760
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	200	90	105
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	600	305	300	56,985	28,345	28,640
No certificate, diploma or degree	85	55	30	8,160	4,685	3,480
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	190	115	80	18,250	9,465	8,780
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	330	140	195	30,575	14,195	16,380
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85	55	35	4,780	3,580	1,200
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20	0	15	2,110	1,360	750
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	65	50	20	2,670	2,225	450
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	205	75	130	17,245	7,235	10,015
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	830	445	385
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30	10	20	7,715	2,935	4,785
Bachelor's degree	25	10	25	5,795	2,115	3,680
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	465	180	285
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	195	85	105
Master's degree	0	10	0	1,130	505	625
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	130	45	90
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	885	475	410	89,450	44,005	45,445
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	470	290	180	48,950	24,880	24,070
Education	25	0	25	2,295	525	1,770
13. Education	25	0	25	2,295	530	1,770
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,285	525	770
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	265	190	70
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	10	1,020	330	695
Humanities	20	0	15	1,570	575	990
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	80	10	75
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	0	405	115	295
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	370	130	245
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	80	45	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	10	255	150	110
54. History	10	0	0	285	135	150
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	70	0	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	15	3,995	915	3,080
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	290	115	175
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	1,375	70	1,300
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	475	125	350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	105	10	90
42. Psychology	0	0	0	545	140	405
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,175	450	725
Business, management and public administration	65	10	55	6,850	2,250	4,600
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	745	125	625
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	10	55	6,085	2,130	3,955
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	945	460	485
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	450	205	240
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	145	50	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	215	145	70
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	120	55	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,085	610	480
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	840	475	365
25. Library science	0	0	0	70	25	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	165	105	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	95	90	0	9,630	9,215	410
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	200	155	45
14. Engineering	0	0	0	720	660	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	20	0	2,250	2,070	180
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	1,995	1,975	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	40	40	0	2,815	2,760	45
48. Precision production	20	15	0	1,645	1,600	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	60	10	2,055	1,595	465
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	55	10	1,720	1,370	345
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	340	220	120
Health and related fields	85	0	85	7,370	905	6,465
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	625	285	340
51. Health professions and related programs	80	0	80	6,690	590	6,105
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	50	35	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	15	30	3,385	1,545	1,845
12. Personal and culinary services	30	0	30	1,730	300	1,430
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	25	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	970	610	360
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	665	605	60
Other	0	0	0	35	0	35
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	30	0	35
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	605	305	300	56,980	28,345	28,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	270	165	105	26,410	14,150	12,255
Education	10	0	10	1,395	320	1,075
13. Education	15	0	10	1,395	320	1,075
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	1,015	420	600
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	215	150	65
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	800	265	530
Humanities	15	0	10	1,110	400	710
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	70	0	65
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	275	70	210
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	270	95	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	65	35	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	175	115	65
54. History	10	10	0	200	80	125
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	0	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	3,160	685	2,475
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	260	110	150
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	1,160	45	1,115
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	400	85	315
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	80	10	70
42. Psychology	0	0	0	350	90	260
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	900	350	550
Business, management and public administration	55	10	45	5,350	1,645	3,710
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	640	95	550
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	55	10	45	4,695	1,550	3,145
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	0	715	305	405
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	335	140	195
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	120	40	90
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	160	90	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	90	35	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	925	530	395
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	740	435	310
25. Library science	0	0	0	50	20	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	125	70	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	70	70	0	7,185	6,840	350
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	175	135	40
14. Engineering	0	0	0	485	420	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	15	10	1,770	1,615	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	1,460	1,445	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	35	0	2,100	2,060	40
48. Precision production	10	15	0	1,200	1,165	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	40	0	1,600	1,225	380
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	40	10	1,355	1,065	290
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	250	160	90
Health and related fields	75	0	75	5,540	665	4,880
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	515	225	290
51. Health professions and related programs	65	0	65	4,995	415	4,570
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	30	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	0	20	2,550	1,160	1,390
12. Personal and culinary services	20	0	20	1,260	210	1,050
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	745	465	280
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	535	485	50
Other	0	0	0	20	0	20
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	20	0	20
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	890	475	410	89,450	44,000	45,445
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	470	290	180	48,955	24,885	24,070
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	420	180	235	40,500	19,125	21,375
Location of study inside Canada	410	180	230	37,645	17,605	20,040
Same as province or territory of residence	395	170	225	36,170	16,835	19,335
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	0	1,475	770	705
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,855	1,515	1,335
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	0	750	365	385
Philippines	0	0	0	125	55	65
India	0	0	0	65	35	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	520	315	210
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	1,370	730	640
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	600	305	300	56,980	28,345	28,635
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	275	165	105	26,405	14,150	12,260
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	330	135	190	30,575	14,195	16,380
Location of study inside Canada	320	135	190	28,670	13,240	15,430
Same as province or territory of residence	310	125	185	27,655	12,690	14,960
Different than province or territory of residence	15	10	0	1,020	545	475
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	0	1,900	955	945
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	560	265	300
Philippines	0	0	0	110	45	65
India	0	0	0	65	25	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	215	130	85
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	935	480	450
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	890	475	410	89,450	44,000	45,445
In the labour force	710	405	310	59,690	31,745	27,945
Employed	695	400	295	56,840	30,185	26,650
Unemployed	20	10	10	2,850	1,555	1,290
Not in the labour force	175	75	105	29,765	12,260	17,505
Participation rate	79.8	85.3	75.6	66.7	72.1	61.5
Employment rate	78.1	84.2	72.0	63.5	68.6	58.6
Unemployment rate	2.8	2.5	3.2	4.8	4.9	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	885	475	410	89,450	44,000	45,450
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	125	55	65	27,395	11,395	16,010
Worked	765	415	350	62,055	32,610	29,445
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	420	270	150	35,885	21,385	14,500
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	340	140	195	26,165	11,220	14,940
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.3	47.2	40.7	44.4	45.2	43.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	710	405	305	59,685	31,745	27,940
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	740	410	330
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	710	400	305	58,945	31,330	27,615
Employee	395	195	195	52,050	26,895	25,150
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	310	205	105	6,895	4,435	2,460
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	710	405	305	59,685	31,745	27,945
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	10	740	410	330
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	710	405	305	58,945	31,335	27,610
0 Management occupations	240	165	70	6,695	4,350	2,350
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	105	0	100	7,270	1,855	5,420
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	15	0	2,220	1,690	525
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	3,465	380	3,085
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	0	25	4,795	1,210	3,590
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,010	370	640
6 Sales and service occupations	70	30	40	12,225	4,365	7,865
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	90	80	10	11,520	10,575	950
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	120	80	40	2,085	1,485	600
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	25	0	7,650	5,055	2,590
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	710	405	305	59,685	31,740	27,940
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	745	410	335
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	710	405	305	58,945	31,335	27,610
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	335	210	125	3,660	2,530	1,130
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	75	20	155	150	0
22 Utilities	0	0	0	295	235	60
23 Construction	25	20	0	4,365	3,860	505
31-33 Manufacturing	15	10	10	12,800	8,820	3,980
41 Wholesale trade	25	25	10	2,455	1,735	725
44-45 Retail trade	0	10	0	6,260	2,730	3,535
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	50	20	25	3,550	2,565	985
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	625	335	290
52 Finance and insurance	10	0	15	1,755	505	1,255
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	680	405	275
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	10	10	2,045	950	1,095
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	2,280	1,190	1,095
61 Educational services	25	10	25	2,905	730	2,180
62 Health care and social assistance	55	0	55	5,885	605	5,285
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	10	1,010	490	520
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	10	3,610	1,090	2,525
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	15	0	2,605	1,315	1,295
91 Public administration	0	0	10	1,955	1,090	865
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	695	400	295	56,840	30,185	26,655
Worked at home	325	200	125	4,805	2,585	2,220
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	175	135	40
No fixed workplace address	80	80	0	5,740	4,395	1,340
Worked at usual place	290	120	165	46,125	23,070	23,050
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	285	120	170	46,125	23,070	23,050
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	55	20	30	19,790	9,485	10,305
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	185	80	105	11,345	5,875	5,470
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	50	20	30	14,915	7,670	7,245
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	80	45	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	370	200	175	51,865	27,470	24,395
Car, truck, van - as a driver	360	195	160	44,390	23,890	20,500
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	3,725	1,745	1,980
Public transit	0	0	0	465	130	335
Walked	0	0	10	2,505	1,200	1,305
Bicycle	0	0	0	310	225	75
Other method	10	0	10	465	270	195
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	370	195	175	51,860	27,470	24,395
Less than 15 minutes	135	75	60	21,570	10,790	10,780
15 to 29 minutes	130	65	65	15,080	7,935	7,145
30 to 44 minutes	65	40	20	8,860	5,025	3,835
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	15	3,835	2,010	1,825
60 minutes and over	25	20	10	2,510	1,710	800
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	370	200	170	51,860	27,465	24,395
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	5,655	3,930	1,725
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	85	60	30	11,030	7,250	3,785
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	150	100	45	12,615	6,475	6,145
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	80	20	65	8,385	2,830	5,550
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	25	0	25	3,530	1,225	2,300
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	10	15	10,645	5,760	4,890
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	780	430	350	63,465	33,310	30,155
Single responses	785	435	350	63,275	33,235	30,035
Official languages	780	430	355	62,990	33,090	29,905
English	785	430	350	62,810	33,050	29,760
French	0	0	0	180	40	140
Non-official languages	0	0	0	280	145	130
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	285	150	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	265	145	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	255	135	120
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	90	60	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	165	70	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	190	75	115
English and French	0	0	0	45	10	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	140	70	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	785	435	350	63,465	33,310	30,155
None	780	435	350	62,025	32,550	29,475
English	0	0	0	270	135	135
French	0	0	0	435	200	235
Non-official language	0	0	0	725	425	305
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	725	425	300
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	1,125	590	530	107,895	53,535	54,360
Non-movers	1,065	555	500	94,710	47,145	47,565
Movers	60	30	35	13,185	6,390	6,795
Non-migrants	15	10	10	6,350	3,140	3,210
Migrants	50	20	25	6,835	3,250	3,585
Internal migrants	40	15	30	6,585	3,125	3,465
Intraprovincial migrants	40	15	25	6,335	2,980	3,355
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	255	145	110
External migrants	10	0	0	245	125	125
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	1,050	550	500	102,575	50,790	51,785
Non-movers	820	420	400	65,600	32,690	32,910
Movers	230	130	100	36,975	18,100	18,870
Non-migrants	70	45	25	17,235	8,480	8,755
Migrants	155	85	70	19,735	9,620	10,120
Internal migrants	140	80	65	18,930	9,200	9,730
Intraprovincial migrants	120	70	55	18,150	8,800	9,350
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	780	405	375
External migrants	15	10	10	805	415	390

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Special Area No. 4, SA [Census subdivision], Alberta and Oxford County Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Special Area No. 4, Special area [Census subdivision], Alberta and Oxford County Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Special Area No. 4, Special area [Census subdivision], Alberta and Oxford County Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Special Area No. 4, Special area [Census subdivision], Alberta and Oxford County Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario