Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 9, CDR Alberta [Census division]			Leamington, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Division No. 9, Census division [Census division], Alberta Map : Division No. 9, Census division [Census division], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	20,869	...	...	27,595	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	21,290	...	...	28,403	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.0	...	...	-2.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	9,210	...	...	10,726	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	7,933	...	...	9,995	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.1	...	...	105.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	18,913.39	...	...	262.01	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	20,870	10,490	10,380	27,595	13,780	13,815
0 to 14 years	4,235	2,150	2,080	5,000	2,650	2,350
0 to 4 years	1,350	700	645	1,645	850	795
5 to 9 years	1,500	750	755	1,675	915	760
10 to 14 years	1,385	700	685	1,680	885	795
15 to 64 years	13,470	6,800	6,670	17,325	8,820	8,505
15 to 19 years	1,375	730	640	1,745	890	850
20 to 24 years	1,200	620	575	1,790	925	865
25 to 29 years	1,250	615	625	1,655	880	775
30 to 34 years	1,315	645	670	1,590	855	740
35 to 39 years	1,240	625	620	1,570	795	770
40 to 44 years	1,235	620	610	1,615	815	800
45 to 49 years	1,300	620	680	1,730	865	865
50 to 54 years	1,630	815	815	2,035	1,030	1,010
55 to 59 years	1,625	825	805	1,960	965	990
60 to 64 years	1,305	685	620	1,635	800	840
65 years and over	3,160	1,535	1,625	5,275	2,315	2,960
65 to 69 years	1,105	520	585	1,535	755	775
70 to 74 years	820	395	430	1,150	555	600
75 to 79 years	545	285	260	875	375	500
80 to 84 years	400	205	190	785	330	450
85 years and over	290	125	165	930	300	630
85 to 89 years	160	70	85	565	200	365
90 to 94 years	105	45	60	290	80	210
95 to 99 years	20	5	15	65	15	50
100 years and over	5	0	0	10	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.3	20.5	20.0	18.1	19.2	17.0
15 to 64 years	64.5	64.8	64.3	62.8	64.0	61.6
65 years and over	15.1	14.6	15.7	19.1	16.8	21.4
85 years and over	1.4	1.2	1.6	3.4	2.2	4.6
Average age of the population	39.1	38.8	39.5	41.3	39.7	42.9
Median age of the population	39.3	38.7	39.8	41.3	39.4	43.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	7,930	...	...	9,995	...	...
Single-detached house	5,860	...	...	6,560	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	530	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	845	...	...	2,885	...	...
Semi-detached house	360	...	...	865	...	...
Row house	100	...	...	750	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	55	...	...	300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	305	...	...	955	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,225	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
1 person	1,835	...	...	2,580	...	...
2 persons	3,140	...	...	3,475	...	...
3 persons	1,070	...	...	1,450	...	...
4 persons	1,045	...	...	1,295	...	...
5 or more persons	840	...	...	1,200	...	...
Number of persons in private households	20,410	...	...	25,955	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	16,635	8,335	8,295	22,595	11,135	11,465
Married or living common law	10,490	5,245	5,240	13,145	6,750	6,395
Married	8,435	4,225	4,215	11,835	6,095	5,735
Living common law	2,055	1,025	1,025	1,315	655	660
Not married and not living common law	6,145	3,090	3,055	9,450	4,385	5,065
Never married	3,975	2,275	1,700	5,765	3,235	2,530
Separated	450	210	240	675	285	390
Divorced	855	395	455	1,260	520	740
Widowed	875	215	665	1,750	340	1,405
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,000	...	...	7,315	...	...
2 persons	3,285	...	...	3,630	...	...
3 persons	1,065	...	...	1,430	...	...
4 persons	995	...	...	1,255	...	...
5 or more persons	655	...	...	995	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,000	...	...	7,310	...	...
Total couple families	5,120	...	...	6,140	...	...
Married couples	4,095	...	...	5,485	...	...
Common-law couples	1,025	...	...	655	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	880	...	...	1,170	...	...
Female parent	660	...	...	945	...	...
Male parent	220	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,120	...	...	6,140	...	...
Couples without children	2,825	...	...	2,945	...	...
Couples with children	2,300	...	...	3,195	...	...
1 child	815	...	...	1,105	...	...
2 children	905	...	...	1,135	...	...
3 or more children	580	...	...	960	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	880	...	...	1,170	...	...
1 child	465	...	...	685	...	...
2 children	250	...	...	325	...	...
3 or more children	165	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,005	1,615	1,390	3,730	1,725	2,005
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
One-census-family households	5,645	...	...	6,990	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,695	...	...	2,810	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,950	...	...	4,185	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	175	...	...	155	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,120	...	...	2,850	...	...
One-person households	1,835	...	...	2,580	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	280	...	...	270	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	20,675	10,410	10,265	27,070	13,575	13,495
English only	19,945	10,100	9,850	24,070	12,100	11,970
French only	5	0	5	20	0	15
English and French	700	300	400	1,655	735	920
Neither English nor French	30	10	15	1,330	735	595
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	20,680	10,410	10,265	27,070	13,575	13,490
English	20,475	10,310	10,165	25,310	12,645	12,660
French	170	85	80	325	140	185
English and French	10	5	5	130	60	65
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	1,310	725	585
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	175	85	90	390	175	215
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.8	0.9	1.4	1.3	1.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	20,675	10,410	10,270	27,070	13,580	13,495
Single responses	20,505	10,335	10,170	26,525	13,315	13,205
Official languages	19,035	9,625	9,410	17,120	8,580	8,545
English	18,840	9,525	9,320	16,775	8,425	8,350
French	195	100	95	350	150	195
Non-official languages	1,470	715	760	9,400	4,735	4,660
Aboriginal languages	650	325	325	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	500	245	255	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	255	125	135	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	250	120	130	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	240	125	115	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	240	125	120	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	145	75	65	0	0	0
Dakota	10	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	130	70	65	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	825	385	440	9,400	4,735	4,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	785	395	385
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	5	785	395	390
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	765	385	375
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	125	60	60
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	45	20	20
Vietnamese	0	0	5	75	40	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	185	65	120	180	75	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	10	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	10	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	60	110	125	60	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	520	260	260	7,765	3,925	3,840
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	25	25	235	95	135
Baltic languages	5	0	5	10	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	20	230	90	135
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Polish	10	5	0	60	25	35
Russian	10	5	10	20	5	15
Serbian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	70	25	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	30	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	405	200	205	4,540	2,210	2,325
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	5	5	5	0
Dutch	170	80	90	90	40	45
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	180	95	90	4,430	2,155	2,275
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	25	15	15	65	30	35
Indo-Aryan languages	25	10	15	55	30	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	30	15	15
Hindi	0	0	5	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	10	5	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	5	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	25	10	2,910	1,570	1,335
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	0	590	285	305
Portuguese	10	0	5	945	460	485
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Spanish	20	10	5	1,355	825	535
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	5	0	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	30	20	10	10	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	5	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	25	195	95	100
Chinese languages	35	15	20	80	35	45
Cantonese	20	10	10	20	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	25	5	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	115	65	50
Burmese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	105	60	45
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	225	120	105
Lao	0	0	0	75	35	40
Thai	0	0	0	150	85	70
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	55	20	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	10	0	10
Hungarian	5	0	5	45	20	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	170	75	95	550	265	290
English and French	35	10	20	65	35	30
English and non-official language	135	60	70	440	210	230
French and non-official language	5	0	0	20	5	10
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	20,675	10,410	10,265	27,070	13,580	13,495
Single responses	20,420	10,280	10,140	25,940	13,035	12,905
Official languages	19,855	10,015	9,840	21,100	10,525	10,575
English	19,825	9,995	9,825	21,020	10,485	10,535
French	35	15	20	80	35	40
Non-official languages	570	270	295	4,845	2,515	2,330
Aboriginal languages	295	140	150	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	205	95	110	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	80	35	45	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	125	55	65	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	120	60	65	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	85	50	40	0	0	0
Dakota	10	5	5	0	0	0
Stoney	80	40	35	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	275	130	150	4,840	2,515	2,325
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	405	195	215
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	405	190	210
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	390	185	205
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	95	50	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Vietnamese	5	0	5	65	35	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	40	60	90	45	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	5	15
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	45	55	70	35	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	45	60	3,855	2,005	1,845
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	60	30	30
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	60	25	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	30	40	1,945	965	985
Afrikaans	15	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	5	5	5	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	25	1,850	915	935
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	45	45
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	45	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	40	20	20
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	5	25	10	15
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	5	0	5
Iranian languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	1,800	990	805
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	215	90	125
Portuguese	0	5	0	485	215	260
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	10	5	5	1,090	680	415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	25	15	10	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	5	0	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	165	85	80
Chinese languages	25	15	15	65	30	40
Cantonese	10	5	5	15	5	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	0	20	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	5	25	5	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	100	55	40
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	185	110	80
Lao	0	0	0	55	25	30
Thai	0	0	0	130	80	50
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	250	125	125	1,130	535	590
English and French	25	20	10	60	25	35
English and non-official language	225	115	115	1,045	500	545
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	20,675	10,410	10,265	27,070	13,575	13,495
None	19,545	9,880	9,660	22,100	11,125	10,975
English	325	160	165	1,730	870	860
French	115	40	75	320	125	190
Non-official language	685	325	365	2,855	1,420	1,440
Aboriginal	455	235	220	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	235	90	140	2,855	1,420	1,435
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	5	5	0	25	10	15
French and non-official language	5	0	0	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,205	8,145	8,060	20,980	10,225	10,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,475	7,770	7,700	20,245	9,915	10,330
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,039	53,094	25,792	29,900	37,967	24,103
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,480	7,775	7,700	20,255	9,915	10,335
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,835	45,975	24,544	27,548	34,180	22,743
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,130	7,310	6,820	17,645	9,040	8,605
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,332	52,917	23,607	27,290	35,305	20,259
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,155	3,625	5,535	15,525	7,080	8,445
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,446	8,399	5,538	7,293	5,292	8,393
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,240	6,525	5,715	14,665	8,015	6,655
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,570	52,087	23,661	26,332	31,817	21,266
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	16,205	8,145	8,060	20,980	10,225	10,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,475	7,770	7,705	20,220	9,975	10,245
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	63,118	91,227	34,781	39,276	47,151	31,612
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,475	7,770	7,705	20,240	9,975	10,260
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,832	71,028	30,471	33,342	39,202	27,646
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,320	7,395	6,925	17,550	9,030	8,520
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	62,932	91,566	32,371	37,559	45,889	28,729
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,140	3,560	5,580	15,510	7,120	8,390
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,266	8,927	7,844	8,707	7,843	9,440
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,240	6,595	5,640	14,670	8,005	6,660
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,096	75,140	31,639	34,638	39,361	28,960
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	16,210	8,145	8,060	20,975	10,225	10,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,155	3,070	2,080	6,395	3,865	2,530
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,439	73,557	40,638	43,144	47,778	37,581
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	79,424	101,737	46,483	51,039	56,205	43,151
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.3	94.6	84.5	82.7	88.1	74.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.8	73.8	64.3	63.4	67.6	57.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	8.7	5.5	15.6	17.3	11.8	25.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	16,205	8,145	8,060	20,980	10,225	10,755
Without total income	730	370	360	735	310	420
With total income	15,475	7,775	7,705	20,245	9,910	10,335
Percentage with total income	95.5	95.5	95.6	96.5	96.9	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,410	855	1,560	2,835	1,120	1,720
$10,000 to $19,999	2,240	775	1,465	3,960	1,445	2,520
$20,000 to $29,999	2,115	840	1,275	3,360	1,330	2,030
$30,000 to $39,999	1,540	615	930	2,830	1,320	1,505
$40,000 to $49,999	1,355	630	725	2,355	1,355	1,000
$50,000 to $59,999	1,075	550	520	1,555	975	580
$60,000 to $69,999	875	510	365	1,030	710	320
$70,000 to $79,999	715	475	240	660	480	175
$80,000 to $89,999	565	400	165	440	320	125
$90,000 to $99,999	540	380	155	360	210	150
$100,000 and over	2,045	1,745	295	860	645	215
$100,000 to $149,999	1,280	1,070	215	555	405	155
$150,000 and over	765	680	85	300	240	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,205	8,145	8,065	20,980	10,220	10,755
Without after-tax income	725	370	355	730	310	415
With after-tax income	15,480	7,775	7,700	20,255	9,910	10,340
Percentage with after-tax income	95.5	95.5	95.5	96.5	97.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,460	870	1,585	2,920	1,140	1,780
$10,000 to $19,999	2,355	820	1,535	4,170	1,525	2,650
$20,000 to $29,999	2,375	910	1,465	3,955	1,650	2,305
$30,000 to $39,999	1,810	780	1,030	3,255	1,660	1,600
$40,000 to $49,999	1,580	800	785	2,365	1,420	940
$50,000 to $59,999	1,195	715	480	1,425	985	440
$60,000 to $69,999	950	655	295	750	550	205
$70,000 to $79,999	720	515	205	540	355	190
$80,000 and over	2,040	1,710	325	865	640	230
$80,000 to $89,999	510	385	125	270	180	90
$90,000 to $99,999	390	325	65	170	125	45
$100,000 and over	1,140	995	145	425	330	100
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	16,210	8,145	8,060	20,980	10,225	10,755
Without employment income	3,970	1,620	2,345	6,310	2,210	4,100
With employment income	12,235	6,520	5,715	14,670	8,010	6,655
Percentage with employment income	75.5	80.0	70.9	69.9	78.3	61.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,925	890	1,040	2,755	1,500	1,260
$5,000 to $9,999	990	405	585	1,255	525	730
$10,000 to $19,999	1,455	530	920	2,090	915	1,180
$20,000 to $29,999	1,215	460	755	2,010	905	1,100
$30,000 to $39,999	1,130	460	670	1,795	940	855
$40,000 to $49,999	935	420	520	1,490	875	615
$50,000 to $59,999	810	410	400	1,000	675	325
$60,000 to $69,999	660	415	245	645	480	160
$70,000 to $79,999	555	380	175	470	370	105
$80,000 and over	2,560	2,150	410	1,155	830	325
$80,000 to $89,999	500	375	120	320	230	90
$90,000 to $99,999	420	305	120	295	180	115
$100,000 and over	1,640	1,475	170	540	420	115
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,399	...	...	62,313	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,706	...	...	56,187	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,835	...	...	2,585	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,592	...	...	32,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,736	...	...	29,856	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,100	...	...	7,410	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,263	...	...	74,951	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,677	...	...	67,314	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	123,118	...	...	79,466	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	99,152	...	...	67,503	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,830	...	...	2,570	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	90,833	...	...	39,033	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	72,827	...	...	33,861	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,105	...	...	7,425	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	132,812	...	...	93,474	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,056	...	...	79,158	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	7,930	...	...	9,995	...	...
Under $5,000	125	...	...	110	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	90	...	...	115	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	245	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...	345	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	375	...	...	465	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	250	...	...	475	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	285	...	...	545	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	290	...	...	475	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	295	...	...	470	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	300	...	...	520	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	555	...	...	990	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	500	...	...	895	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	795	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	445	...	...	660	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	420	...	...	500	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,205	...	...	2,375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	925	...	...	955	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	685	...	...	520	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	860	...	...	495	...	...
$200,000 and over	730	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	7,930	...	...	9,995	...	...
Under $5,000	135	...	...	120	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	90	...	...	115	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	125	...	...	245	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	245	...	...	365	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	390	...	...	520	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	270	...	...	565	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	325	...	...	595	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	330	...	...	530	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	355	...	...	605	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	380	...	...	595	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	660	...	...	1,160	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	580	...	...	940	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	615	...	...	850	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	530	...	...	595	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	485	...	...	505	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,435	...	...	1,675	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	955	...	...	755	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	610	...	...	410	...	...
$150,000 and over	875	...	...	505	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,905	...	...	7,235	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,075	...	...	74,591	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,432	...	...	66,984	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,660	...	...	2,755	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,893	...	...	68,713	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,102	...	...	61,568	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,325	...	...	3,210	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,317	...	...	91,512	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,317	...	...	81,312	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	760	...	...	1,100	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,248	...	...	47,552	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,600	...	...	44,587	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,905	...	...	7,240	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	132,536	...	...	93,207	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,619	...	...	78,820	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,670	...	...	2,765	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	142,733	...	...	83,685	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	111,861	...	...	70,731	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,330	...	...	3,210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	144,043	...	...	115,461	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,217	...	...	96,481	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	760	...	...	1,090	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,479	...	...	51,559	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,308	...	...	46,884	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,510	1,365	1,145	3,260	1,515	1,745
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,000	46,647	28,728	30,131	32,512	28,843
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,384	39,962	27,046	27,840	29,349	26,667
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,535	1,395	1,140	3,235	1,495	1,740
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	76,716	109,313	36,997	37,002	39,243	35,080
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	62,056	86,352	32,453	32,228	33,666	30,995
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	20,410	10,280	10,130	25,955	12,860	13,095
In the bottom half of the distribution	9,385	4,505	4,875	15,850	7,655	8,200
In the bottom decile	1,985	975	1,010	2,490	1,180	1,315
In the second decile	1,895	875	1,020	3,565	1,640	1,920
In the third decile	1,875	860	1,015	3,780	1,830	1,955
In the fourth decile	1,805	875	930	3,135	1,545	1,590
In the fifth decile	1,825	925	900	2,885	1,460	1,425
In the top half of the distribution	11,030	5,775	5,250	10,100	5,210	4,895
In the sixth decile	1,900	950	950	2,610	1,335	1,280
In the seventh decile	2,000	1,035	965	2,470	1,280	1,185
In the eighth decile	1,995	1,030	965	1,985	1,025	960
In the ninth decile	2,430	1,285	1,140	1,640	850	785
In the top decile	2,700	1,465	1,235	1,405	720	685
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	18,635	9,380	9,255	25,955	12,860	13,095
0 to 17 years	4,295	2,205	2,090	6,035	3,195	2,835
0 to 5 years	1,400	715	685	1,945	1,015	930
18 to 64 years	11,505	5,755	5,755	15,300	7,580	7,720
65 years and over	2,835	1,425	1,410	4,625	2,085	2,535
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,970	915	1,055	4,160	1,900	2,255
0 to 17 years	555	285	265	1,355	705	650
0 to 5 years	160	90	70	560	305	255
18 to 64 years	1,080	485	595	2,195	985	1,215
65 years and over	335	145	195	600	210	390
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.6	9.8	11.4	16.0	14.8	17.2
0 to 17 years (%)	12.9	12.9	12.7	22.5	22.1	22.9
0 to 5 years (%)	11.4	12.6	10.2	28.8	30.0	27.4
18 to 64 years (%)	9.4	8.4	10.3	14.3	13.0	15.7
65 years and over (%)	11.8	10.2	13.8	13.0	10.1	15.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	865	415	450	1,715	830	885
0 to 17 years	270	130	135	480	260	225
0 to 5 years	75	35	40	190	110	80
18 to 64 years	555	260	290	1,140	535	600
65 years and over	40	20	20	95	35	60
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.6	4.4	4.9	6.6	6.5	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	6.3	5.9	6.5	8.0	8.1	7.9
0 to 5 years (%)	5.4	4.9	5.8	9.8	10.8	8.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.8	4.5	5.0	7.5	7.1	7.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.4	1.4	2.1	1.7	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	20,410	10,280	10,130	25,955	12,860	13,095
Official languages	20,400	10,275	10,125	25,115	12,450	12,665
English	20,400	10,275	10,115	25,110	12,450	12,660
French	650	275	375	1,720	675	1,050
Non-official languages	1,800	825	975	10,145	5,065	5,080
Aboriginal languages	915	455	460	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	755	365	390	0	0	0
Blackfoot	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	480	225	255	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	480	220	255	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	485	245	235	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	480	245	240	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	170	90	80	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	150	80	70	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	885	365	520	10,145	5,065	5,080
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,105	555	550
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,100	555	545
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,085	545	540
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	35	25	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	140	80	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	80	50	30
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	50	130	185	75	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	45	125	175	80	100
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	10	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	10	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	635	280	355	8,195	4,110	4,085
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	30	25	225	100	120
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	35	20	220	100	120
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bulgarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	10	10	10	30	15	15
Russian	20	10	10	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	40	15	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	10	35	20	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	420	175	245	4,985	2,490	2,495
Afrikaans	45	30	20	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	10	15	10	0
Dutch	195	85	110	55	15	40
Frisian	25	15	10	0	0	0
German	175	60	120	4,765	2,400	2,365
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	420	200	215
Greek	0	10	0	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	50	15	30	75	45	40
Indo-Aryan languages	45	10	30	45	30	15
Bengali	0	0	10	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hindi	20	10	10	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	0	10	15	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	0	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	35	10	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	60	55	3,225	1,665	1,555
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	15	680	330	355
Portuguese	10	10	0	1,140	575	570
Romanian	0	0	0	55	15	40
Spanish	90	45	45	1,415	785	635
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	25	15	235	110	125
Chinese languages	40	20	20	75	35	45
Cantonese	10	0	10	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	155	75	80
Burmese	0	0	0	55	25	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	205	90	110
Lao	0	0	0	85	40	45
Thai	0	0	0	155	70	85
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	100	55	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	100	55	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	20,410	10,280	10,130	25,955	12,860	13,095
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	19,920	10,095	9,830	24,285	11,995	12,290
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,990	2,580	2,410	5,850	3,095	2,755
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	14,930	7,510	7,420	18,435	8,900	9,530
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	485	185	300	1,675	865	805
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	20,410	10,280	10,130	25,955	12,860	13,090
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	19,310	9,775	9,530	18,685	9,210	9,475
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,025	490	535	6,810	3,385	3,420
Before 1981	430	230	200	2,645	1,270	1,375
1981 to 1990	100	40	65	1,280	630	650
1991 to 2000	130	65	70	1,300	685	620
2001 to 2010	105	60	45	1,075	515	560
2001 to 2005	25	15	10	430	220	210
2006 to 2010	80	45	35	640	295	345
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	255	95	160	510	295	215
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	80	15	70	455	260	200
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,025	490	535	6,810	3,390	3,420
Under 5 years	140	75	70	955	470	485
5 to 14 years	225	120	105	1,650	835	810
15 to 24 years	200	95	110	1,870	925	945
25 to 44 years	345	150	195	1,975	980	995
45 years and over	110	55	55	365	180	175
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,020	490	530	6,810	3,390	3,420
Americas	240	115	120	3,375	1,700	1,675
Brazil	0	0	0	30	15	20
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	95	15	80
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	75	45	25
Mexico	10	10	0	2,525	1,270	1,250
Peru	0	0	10	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	205	100	105	240	105	135
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	400	240	160
Europe	480	245	240	2,070	1,005	1,065
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	80	25	50
France	10	10	10	20	0	10
Germany	45	25	25	140	70	65
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Italy	15	10	0	460	230	230
Netherlands	135	65	75	50	15	35
Poland	15	10	0	15	10	10
Portugal	10	0	0	775	400	375
Romania	0	0	0	80	15	65
Russian Federation	0	0	0	30	20	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	65	50	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	150	80	70	190	80	105
Other places of birth in Europe	90	40	55	95	50	50
Africa	65	35	30	30	10	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	30	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	10	10	10
Asia	200	85	115	1,325	670	655
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	20	0	30	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	30	10	25	25	20	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iraq	0	0	0	140	80	60
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	15	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	525	285	240
Pakistan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	110	40	70	105	50	55
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	25	30
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	380	170	205
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	10	25	15	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	255	100	160	505	295	215
Americas	15	10	10	325	200	125
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	45	30	20
Mexico	0	0	0	205	120	80
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	35	20	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	40	25	10
Europe	75	25	50	35	15	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	20	45	35	20	15
Africa	10	10	0	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	145	60	85	145	80	70
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	20	0	10	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	50	30	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	110	45	65	20	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	60	30	35
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	20,410	10,280	10,130	25,955	12,860	13,095
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,160	540	620	7,425	3,720	3,700
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,760	1,320	1,440	7,695	3,855	3,840
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	16,490	8,415	8,070	10,830	5,280	5,550
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	600	260	340	4,275	2,180	2,100
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	420	190	230	955	520	430
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	165	85	75	300	220	80
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	260	100	155	650	300	350
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	175	70	105	2,175	1,065	1,110
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	0	0	915	470	440
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	240	120	110
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	20,410	10,285	10,130	25,955	12,860	13,095
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,895	1,430	1,460	455	260	195
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,840	1,415	1,425	420	240	180
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,060	1,005	1,055	270	150	125
Métis	775	410	365	150	90	60
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	50	10	40	15	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	17,520	8,850	8,665	25,500	12,600	12,900
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	20,410	10,280	10,130	25,955	12,860	13,095
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,960	975	995	150	80	70
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	18,450	9,310	9,135	25,805	12,780	13,025
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	20,410	10,280	10,130	25,955	12,860	13,095
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,880	965	915	50	20	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,850	945	905	50	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,755	895	860	40	10	30
Métis single ancestry	95	50	50	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	20	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,315	640	670	670	310	360
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,245	615	630	670	310	365
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	685	320	370	460	205	255
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	555	290	260	210	100	110
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	25	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	25	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	17,215	8,675	8,545	25,235	12,535	12,700
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	20,410	10,280	10,130	25,955	12,860	13,090
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	450	190	260	3,145	1,585	1,560
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	85	45	35	70	40	25
Chinese	50	30	20	70	40	40
Black	50	15	30	425	240	185
Filipino	165	40	125	230	110	125
Latin American	35	20	15	835	410	425
Arab	10	10	0	720	370	350
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	0	0	615	300	315
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	65	30	35
Korean	10	10	0	25	10	10
Japanese	10	0	0	50	25	25
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	30	20	15	30	15	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	19,965	10,090	9,870	22,815	11,275	11,535
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	20,410	10,280	10,130	25,955	12,865	13,095
North American Aboriginal origins	3,195	1,605	1,590	720	325	390
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,540	1,265	1,275	500	220	280
Inuit	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis	750	385	360	215	105	115
Other North American origins	6,335	3,285	3,050	6,110	2,990	3,125
Acadian	0	0	10	0	10	0
American	540	300	240	240	125	115
Canadian	5,915	3,065	2,850	5,925	2,895	3,035
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	14,915	7,445	7,470	19,390	9,570	9,820
British Isles origins	10,070	4,870	5,190	7,280	3,470	3,815
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	10	0	0	0	0
English	6,100	2,890	3,210	4,665	2,200	2,465
Irish	3,740	1,830	1,905	2,565	1,140	1,430
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,725	2,165	2,560	2,665	1,240	1,425
Welsh	600	320	285	145	95	50
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	270	150	130	315	135	170
French origins	2,040	875	1,170	3,060	1,465	1,595
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,040	875	1,170	3,060	1,465	1,595
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,160	3,030	3,130	8,745	4,430	4,315
Austrian	265	110	155	145	70	75
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	140	80	60	315	135	175
Dutch	1,875	930	945	1,370	670	700
Flemish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	15	0	15	0	0	0
German	4,295	2,125	2,165	7,440	3,825	3,615
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	160	75	90	55	15	35
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,855	1,460	1,395	300	125	170
Danish	460	235	220	60	25	30
Finnish	395	230	165	60	20	35
Icelandic	130	55	80	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,320	710	605	95	50	45
Swedish	835	420	415	60	15	45
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	180	70	105	35	15	20
Eastern European origins	2,520	1,295	1,220	3,095	1,525	1,575
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Czech	135	70	65	70	30	40
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	90	35	55	35	15	25
Estonian	35	25	10	10	0	10
Hungarian	275	145	135	410	180	230
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	25	25	50	30	20
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	575	315	255	550	260	285
Romanian	60	35	25	190	80	105
Russian	385	205	180	1,170	600	565
Slovak	40	30	15	135	50	90
Ukrainian	1,180	590	595	930	505	425
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	545	235	305	3,975	1,985	1,985
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	25	100	45	50
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	10	30	75	40	40
Italian	360	165	195	1,660	815	845
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	25	15	0	1,680	890	790
Serbian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Sicilian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Slovenian	10	10	10	25	20	10
Spanish	105	60	45	325	115	205
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	10	185	95	95
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	40	30	10	30	15	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0	20	15	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	15	10	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	25	20	10	275	140	130
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	10	0	0	180	90	90
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	60	35	30	1,925	1,035	890
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	10	25	15	15
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	60	40	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	10	20
Honduran	0	0	0	130	90	35
Maya	0	0	0	60	40	15
Mexican	30	20	15	1,395	760	635
Nicaraguan	10	0	0	20	10	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	120	25	90
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	50	25	30
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	10	50	30	20
African origins	115	40	80	135	70	70
Central and West African origins	15	0	15	10	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	0	15	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	35	10	20
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	70	25	50	10	0	10
Afrikaner	10	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	60	20	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	30	10	15	85	50	40
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	30	10	15	85	50	35
Asian origins	430	180	255	2,835	1,400	1,435
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	20	10	15	1,840	915	920
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Armenian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	25	0	20
Iraqi	0	0	0	195	90	100
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	1,520	770	745
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	10	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	10	0
South Asian origins	115	60	55	55	35	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	90	50	40	40	30	10
Goan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	10	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	300	110	195	955	450	500
Burmese	0	0	0	120	60	65
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	120	65	50
Chinese	70	40	30	125	50	70
Filipino	185	55	135	220	95	125
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	10	10	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	15	20
Karen	0	0	0	70	35	35
Korean	0	0	0	20	10	15
Laotian	0	0	0	110	60	55
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	235	105	125
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	85	50	35
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oceania origins	40	30	15	10	0	0
Australian	40	30	10	10	0	10
New Zealander	20	20	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
Owner	6,305	...	...	6,900	...	...
Renter	1,245	...	...	3,095	...	...
Band housing	380	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
Condominium	245	...	...	375	...	...
Not condominium	7,685	...	...	9,625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	390	...	...	1,020	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,585	...	...	2,245	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,235	...	...	4,595	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,715	...	...	2,125	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	7,930	...	...	9,995	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,210	...	...	1,725	...	...
5 rooms	1,645	...	...	1,415	...	...
6 rooms	1,540	...	...	1,615	...	...
7 rooms	1,085	...	...	1,490	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,450	...	...	3,755	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,785	...	...	9,795	...	...
More than 1 person per room	150	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
Suitable	7,620	...	...	9,415	...	...
Not suitable	310	...	...	580	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
1960 or before	700	...	...	3,290	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,205	...	...	2,900	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,240	...	...	1,015	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,535	...	...	1,545	...	...
2001 to 2005	755	...	...	740	...	...
2006 to 2010	885	...	...	345	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	610	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	7,930	...	...	9,995	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,210	...	...	9,450	...	...
Major repairs needed	720	...	...	545	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	7,935	...	...	9,995	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,880	...	...	6,135	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,880	...	...	3,590	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	170	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	7,930	...	...	9,995	...	...
15 to 24 years	280	...	...	290	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,135	...	...	1,200	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,370	...	...	1,495	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,540	...	...	1,910	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,695	...	...	2,015	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,135	...	...	1,650	...	...
75 to 84 years	650	...	...	950	...	...
85 years and over	130	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,735	...	...	9,785	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,530	...	...	7,700	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,215	...	...	2,085	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,025	...	...	1,905	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,540	...	...	6,710	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.1	...	...	54.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.6	...	...	13.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,047	...	...	925	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,248	...	...	1,038	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	348,564	...	...	190,095	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	366,485	...	...	228,319	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,220	...	...	3,085	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.2	...	...	9.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.7	...	...	38.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,067	...	...	816	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,048	...	...	836	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,205	8,145	8,060	20,980	10,225	10,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,410	2,485	1,925	7,625	3,910	3,710
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,675	2,035	2,640	6,095	3,020	3,080
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,125	3,635	3,495	7,260	3,300	3,960
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,420	1,850	575	1,310	1,005	305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	705	385	325	650	465	185
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,720	1,470	250	665	545	120
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,930	1,130	1,800	3,810	1,425	2,385
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	355	90	260	260	95	165
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,425	565	860	1,875	775	1,100
Bachelor's degree	1,085	460	625	1,330	520	810
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	20	65	140	50	90
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	20	20	45	35	15
Master's degree	190	60	135	310	145	170
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	50	30	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,810	5,405	5,405	13,025	6,385	6,640
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,005	1,155	845	3,955	2,110	1,845
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,240	1,395	1,845	3,780	1,915	1,860
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,570	2,855	2,710	5,295	2,365	2,930
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,850	1,440	410	870	685	185
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	515	275	235	460	345	110
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,335	1,165	170	415	340	75
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,305	915	1,390	2,885	1,065	1,820
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	275	75	200	155	45	110
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,135	425	710	1,385	570	815
Bachelor's degree	840	340	500	990	400	590
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	65	10	60	95	25	70
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	20	25	25	10	10
Master's degree	175	45	125	240	105	135
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	40	25	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,205	8,145	8,060	20,980	10,220	10,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,080	4,515	4,565	13,720	6,925	6,795
Education	625	160	465	435	95	340
13. Education	625	155	465	435	95	345
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	35	65	185	65	120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	45	25	20
50. Visual and performing arts	90	20	65	145	40	105
Humanities	205	85	120	275	100	175
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	40	15	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	25	20	50	10	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	15	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	55	60	105	50	55
54. History	15	0	15	25	0	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	445	45	395	700	155	545
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	10	50	30	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	225	10	215	240	10	235
22. Legal professions and studies	45	0	45	90	15	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	25	10	20
42. Psychology	75	0	75	80	20	60
45. Social sciences	70	25	45	200	80	120
Business, management and public administration	955	185	765	1,365	425	945
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	65	125	25	100
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	875	185	695	1,235	400	835
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	45	50	225	110	110
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	20	30	65	25	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	60	20	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	10	10	50	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	10	45	25	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	65	50	200	110	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	75	45	35	165	95	70
25. Library science	15	10	15	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	15	0	20	15	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,530	2,395	140	1,670	1,550	120
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	10	40	20	20
14. Engineering	135	115	20	165	135	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	415	375	40	380	330	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	615	590	25	350	345	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	885	860	30	470	455	10
48. Precision production	475	450	25	270	270	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	375	225	150	305	220	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205	115	85	255	195	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	170	110	65	55	25	30
Health and related fields	1,175	180	1,000	1,295	185	1,110
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	50	65	70	20	50
51. Health professions and related programs	1,060	120	935	1,220	155	1,065
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	510	215	295	605	280	325
12. Personal and culinary services	330	65	265	355	70	290
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	80	65	15	120	90	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	105	90	15	125	125	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,815	5,405	5,405	13,030	6,390	6,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,240	2,550	2,690	7,730	4,025	3,705
Education	440	100	340	255	45	210
13. Education	440	100	340	255	45	215
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	15	55	115	35	85
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	25	10	15
50. Visual and performing arts	65	10	50	95	20	75
Humanities	165	70	95	190	70	120
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	0	15	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	20	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	15	35	0	30
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	10	15	0	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	50	40	75	40	35
54. History	15	0	10	20	0	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	385	45	340	555	110	445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	45	25	20
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	195	0	190	215	0	210
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	30	80	10	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	20	0	15
42. Psychology	60	10	55	55	15	40
45. Social sciences	70	30	40	130	55	80
Business, management and public administration	760	140	625	1,000	310	695
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	10	65	95	20	75
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	690	135	555	900	290	615
Physical and life sciences and technologies	70	35	30	155	75	85
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	35	15	20	50	15	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	35	10	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	35	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	15	10	40	20	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	50	30	155	80	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	45	30	15	135	75	55
25. Library science	20	0	15	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	15	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,015	1,895	120	1,230	1,125	110
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	35	15	15
14. Engineering	115	95	20	135	105	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	340	305	35	285	235	50
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	480	455	20	230	225	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	695	670	20	330	325	0
48. Precision production	385	360	20	215	215	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	315	180	135	225	150	80
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	160	85	75	185	130	55
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	90	60	45	15	20
Health and related fields	860	140	720	910	130	785
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	20	50	55	15	40
51. Health professions and related programs	775	110	670	855	110	745
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	415	180	235	490	235	255
12. Personal and culinary services	265	50	210	285	55	230
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	65	55	10	85	60	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	75	15	115	115	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,205	8,145	8,065	20,975	10,220	10,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,085	4,515	4,570	13,720	6,925	6,795
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,125	3,630	3,495	7,260	3,295	3,960
Location of study inside Canada	6,640	3,400	3,245	6,460	2,900	3,560
Same as province or territory of residence	5,525	2,875	2,655	6,210	2,810	3,405
Different than province or territory of residence	1,120	530	590	245	90	155
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	480	230	250	800	400	400
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	155	85	75	195	95	100
Philippines	90	30	65	110	50	65
India	25	10	15	20	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	70	35	35	50	30	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	10	10	0	0	10	0
Other	130	70	65	405	210	200
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,810	5,405	5,405	13,025	6,385	6,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,245	2,550	2,695	7,730	4,025	3,705
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,565	2,855	2,715	5,295	2,360	2,930
Location of study inside Canada	5,190	2,660	2,525	4,720	2,080	2,640
Same as province or territory of residence	4,345	2,255	2,095	4,560	2,010	2,550
Different than province or territory of residence	845	410	430	155	70	85
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	385	195	190	575	285	290
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	125	75	50	120	65	50
Philippines	75	25	55	75	35	40
India	30	15	20	20	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	20	20	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	100	60	40	330	155	175
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	16,205	8,145	8,065	20,980	10,225	10,755
In the labour force	11,055	6,060	4,995	12,360	6,750	5,605
Employed	9,635	5,095	4,545	11,615	6,425	5,185
Unemployed	1,420	965	450	740	330	415
Not in the labour force	5,150	2,085	3,065	8,620	3,470	5,145
Participation rate	68.2	74.4	61.9	58.9	66.0	52.1
Employment rate	59.5	62.6	56.4	55.4	62.8	48.2
Unemployment rate	12.8	15.9	9.0	6.0	4.9	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	16,210	8,145	8,060	20,980	10,225	10,755
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,290	1,705	2,585	8,105	3,290	4,815
Worked	11,920	6,445	5,475	12,875	6,935	5,940
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,465	3,240	2,225	6,545	3,985	2,560
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	6,455	3,205	3,250	6,330	2,950	3,380
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.0	41.1	42.8	43.6	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	11,055	6,060	4,995	12,355	6,750	5,605
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	150	85	70	260	115	145
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,905	5,980	4,925	12,100	6,635	5,460
Employee	8,790	4,620	4,170	10,820	5,775	5,045
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,110	1,355	750	1,280	860	420
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	11,055	6,060	4,995	12,355	6,755	5,610
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	150	80	75	260	115	145
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,905	5,975	4,920	12,100	6,635	5,460
0 Management occupations	1,440	930	510	1,230	850	380
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,420	225	1,195	1,435	430	1,000
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	470	350	115	365	285	80
3 Health occupations	480	70	405	575	80	495
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	965	225	740	770	145	625
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	220	75	150	175	50	125
6 Sales and service occupations	1,945	590	1,360	2,555	960	1,595
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,470	2,275	190	2,435	2,305	130
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	890	690	195	1,030	655	380
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	610	550	60	1,525	880	645
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	11,055	6,060	4,995	12,360	6,755	5,605
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	155	80	70	260	115	145
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,905	5,975	4,925	12,095	6,635	5,465
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,055	660	395	2,050	1,280	770
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,430	1,225	200	15	15	0
22 Utilities	125	115	10	50	35	10
23 Construction	1,335	1,120	215	960	885	75
31-33 Manufacturing	420	330	90	2,105	1,465	645
41 Wholesale trade	225	140	80	600	355	240
44-45 Retail trade	1,080	470	610	1,225	460	765
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	430	310	115	670	545	125
51 Information and cultural industries	80	35	40	95	55	35
52 Finance and insurance	230	40	190	225	80	145
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	145	85	60	145	85	55
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	430	190	240	390	175	210
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	330	145	180	330	190	135
61 Educational services	690	135	555	540	90	450
62 Health care and social assistance	925	110	815	1,020	140	885
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	190	65	120	135	65	70
72 Accommodation and food services	660	205	455	835	315	520
81 Other services (except public administration)	635	355	275	505	290	215
91 Public administration	495	240	260	210	105	100
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	9,635	5,095	4,545	11,615	6,420	5,190
Worked at home	1,460	745	715	755	395	360
Worked outside Canada	35	20	10	70	45	25
No fixed workplace address	1,850	1,500	355	1,270	1,025	250
Worked at usual place	6,290	2,830	3,460	9,520	4,965	4,555
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,295	2,830	3,460	9,520	4,965	4,555
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,865	1,245	1,615	5,930	2,840	3,090
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,365	1,035	1,335	3,005	1,820	1,180
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,045	545	495	555	295	260
Commute to a different province or territory	20	10	15	25	10	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	8,140	4,325	3,815	10,790	5,985	4,805
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,010	3,760	3,250	8,730	4,890	3,840
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	525	285	240	1,180	590	590
Public transit	65	35	30	70	10	55
Walked	405	150	255	545	295	250
Bicycle	25	25	0	145	120	25
Other method	105	65	40	125	80	45
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	8,140	4,325	3,810	10,790	5,985	4,810
Less than 15 minutes	3,385	1,430	1,960	5,965	3,070	2,890
15 to 29 minutes	2,225	1,165	1,065	2,670	1,475	1,190
30 to 44 minutes	1,210	730	480	935	630	305
45 to 59 minutes	545	385	160	930	605	320
60 minutes and over	780	620	160	290	195	95
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	8,140	4,330	3,815	10,790	5,985	4,805
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	675	500	180	1,320	905	420
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,850	1,385	460	2,345	1,600	745
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,255	1,200	1,060	2,855	1,535	1,315
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,645	530	1,115	1,585	610	970
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	715	270	450	845	265	580
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,010	455	550	1,840	1,075	765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	12,255	6,610	5,640	13,380	7,175	6,205
Single responses	12,235	6,600	5,635	13,190	7,075	6,115
Official languages	12,180	6,570	5,615	12,890	6,870	6,015
English	12,140	6,555	5,590	12,845	6,870	5,980
French	35	20	15	40	0	40
Non-official languages	60	35	25	305	205	100
Aboriginal languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	20	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	15	15	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	305	205	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	260	185	80
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	10	110	70	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	70	50	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	20	20
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	150	115	30
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	130	110	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	10	15	190	100	90
English and French	0	0	0	25	15	15
English and non-official language	20	10	10	155	90	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	12,260	6,615	5,645	13,380	7,175	6,205
None	11,920	6,430	5,490	12,065	6,410	5,655
English	60	30	25	180	95	80
French	55	30	30	135	65	70
Non-official language	225	125	95	975	585	390
Aboriginal	170	85	85	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	35	10	975	585	390
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	20,140	10,155	9,985	25,595	12,680	12,915
Non-movers	17,965	9,155	8,815	22,310	11,005	11,305
Movers	2,175	1,005	1,170	3,285	1,675	1,610
Non-migrants	980	450	530	1,895	905	990
Migrants	1,190	550	640	1,390	770	625
Internal migrants	1,120	525	600	1,165	625	545
Intraprovincial migrants	995	460	530	1,030	560	470
Interprovincial migrants	125	60	60	135	65	70
External migrants	70	25	45	225	145	80
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	19,065	9,570	9,495	24,255	11,960	12,295
Non-movers	12,340	6,250	6,085	16,200	7,985	8,220
Movers	6,725	3,320	3,410	8,055	3,980	4,075
Non-migrants	3,050	1,505	1,550	4,560	2,170	2,390
Migrants	3,675	1,815	1,860	3,495	1,810	1,685
Internal migrants	3,470	1,745	1,720	2,810	1,430	1,380
Intraprovincial migrants	2,840	1,435	1,400	2,570	1,290	1,280
Interprovincial migrants	630	305	320	245	140	105
External migrants	210	70	135	685	380	305

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 9, CDR [Census division], Alberta and Leamington, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 9, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 9, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Leamington, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario