Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vermilion River County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta and Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Vermilion River County, MD Alberta [Census subdivision]			Glengarry--Prescott--Russell Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Vermilion River County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : Vermilion River County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	8,267	...	...	109,975	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	7,905	...	...	106,240	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.6	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,268	...	...	45,265	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,981	...	...	43,437	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.5	...	...	37.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,519.75	...	...	2,909.20	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	8,270	4,285	3,980	109,975	54,430	55,545
0 to 14 years	1,730	895	835	18,075	9,175	8,900
0 to 4 years	475	245	230	5,695	2,825	2,870
5 to 9 years	610	315	295	6,205	3,195	3,010
10 to 14 years	645	335	310	6,175	3,155	3,025
15 to 64 years	5,475	2,810	2,670	72,270	35,995	36,280
15 to 19 years	615	320	300	6,300	3,235	3,070
20 to 24 years	410	210	195	5,830	3,030	2,795
25 to 29 years	345	170	170	5,635	2,775	2,860
30 to 34 years	480	215	260	5,925	2,950	2,975
35 to 39 years	545	295	250	6,235	3,010	3,225
40 to 44 years	600	300	295	6,830	3,310	3,520
45 to 49 years	560	295	270	7,750	3,850	3,900
50 to 54 years	640	325	315	10,060	5,075	4,990
55 to 59 years	715	370	340	9,550	4,750	4,800
60 to 64 years	565	300	270	8,150	4,005	4,145
65 years and over	1,065	585	480	19,625	9,265	10,360
65 to 69 years	425	230	195	6,850	3,445	3,405
70 to 74 years	300	155	145	5,095	2,515	2,580
75 to 79 years	165	95	65	3,290	1,600	1,690
80 to 84 years	100	55	40	2,170	980	1,185
85 years and over	75	35	35	2,225	725	1,500
85 to 89 years	50	30	20	1,325	480	845
90 to 94 years	20	10	15	700	205	490
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	180	35	145
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.9	20.9	21.0	16.4	16.9	16.0
15 to 64 years	66.2	65.6	67.1	65.7	66.1	65.3
65 years and over	12.9	13.7	12.1	17.8	17.0	18.7
85 years and over	0.9	0.8	0.9	2.0	1.3	2.7
Average age of the population	38.6	39.0	38.3	42.5	41.8	43.1
Median age of the population	40.1	40.5	39.6	45.1	44.6	45.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,985	...	...	43,435	...	...
Single-detached house	2,740	...	...	32,850	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	140	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	20	...	...	10,045	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	2,345	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	1,120	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	2,045	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	4,410	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	125	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	220	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,985	...	...	43,440	...	...
1 person	500	...	...	9,930	...	...
2 persons	1,220	...	...	17,125	...	...
3 persons	375	...	...	6,835	...	...
4 persons	490	...	...	6,425	...	...
5 or more persons	390	...	...	3,115	...	...
Number of persons in private households	8,145	...	...	107,300	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	6,540	3,390	3,145	91,900	45,255	46,645
Married or living common law	4,615	2,310	2,305	58,515	29,215	29,300
Married	4,140	2,075	2,065	45,120	22,555	22,570
Living common law	470	235	235	13,395	6,660	6,730
Not married and not living common law	1,925	1,080	850	33,385	16,045	17,345
Never married	1,410	820	590	20,850	11,545	9,310
Separated	95	60	40	2,455	1,195	1,265
Divorced	240	150	90	4,630	2,120	2,510
Widowed	180	50	130	5,450	1,185	4,260
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	2,440	...	...	33,165	...	...
2 persons	1,230	...	...	17,895	...	...
3 persons	375	...	...	6,690	...	...
4 persons	480	...	...	6,150	...	...
5 or more persons	355	...	...	2,430	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	2,440	...	...	33,160	...	...
Total couple families	2,265	...	...	28,860	...	...
Married couples	2,035	...	...	22,165	...	...
Common-law couples	235	...	...	6,690	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	170	...	...	4,305	...	...
Female parent	115	...	...	3,120	...	...
Male parent	55	...	...	1,185	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,270	...	...	28,860	...	...
Couples without children	1,125	...	...	15,250	...	...
Couples with children	1,145	...	...	13,610	...	...
1 child	335	...	...	5,440	...	...
2 children	465	...	...	5,830	...	...
3 or more children	350	...	...	2,340	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	4,305	...	...
1 child	110	...	...	2,645	...	...
2 children	40	...	...	1,250	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	410	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	740	470	270	13,920	6,835	7,080
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,980	...	...	43,435	...	...
One-census-family households	2,375	...	...	31,890	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,095	...	...	14,640	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,275	...	...	17,250	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	35	...	...	630	...	...
Non-census-family households	575	...	...	10,920	...	...
One-person households	500	...	...	9,930	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	70	...	...	985	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	8,250	4,280	3,970	108,345	53,765	54,575
English only	8,020	4,185	3,840	25,905	13,455	12,455
French only	5	5	5	10,810	4,995	5,820
English and French	205	85	120	71,525	35,280	36,245
Neither English nor French	20	10	10	100	45	60
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	8,250	4,280	3,970	108,340	53,770	54,575
English	8,165	4,235	3,925	42,410	21,405	21,010
French	70	35	35	64,825	31,845	32,985
English and French	0	0	0	1,020	485	535
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	90	35	50
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	70	35	35	65,330	32,085	33,250
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.8	0.8	0.9	60.3	59.7	60.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	8,250	4,280	3,970	108,345	53,770	54,575
Single responses	8,225	4,265	3,955	105,895	52,570	53,325
Official languages	7,925	4,115	3,810	102,245	50,760	51,485
English	7,845	4,075	3,770	38,265	19,345	18,920
French	80	40	40	63,975	31,415	32,565
Non-official languages	300	155	145	3,645	1,810	1,835
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	25	5	15
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	300	155	145	3,625	1,805	1,825
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	275	155	120
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	275	155	115
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	265	150	115
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	30	5	20	110	20	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	15	80	15	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	85	40	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	40	30	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	35	25	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	260	140	120	2,700	1,365	1,335
Albanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	55	30	25	485	215	270
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	55	30	25	465	210	255
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	5	0	30	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	35	15	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	160	65	95
Russian	0	0	0	100	35	60
Serbian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	55	30	25	60	30	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	185	100	85	1,190	590	600
Afrikaans	5	5	0	10	5	0
Danish	5	5	5	25	15	10
Dutch	15	10	5	320	155	170
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	155	80	80	805	395	405
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	105	60	45
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	240	130	115
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	205	105	95
Bengali	0	0	0	65	35	25
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	60	25	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	25	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	5	5	660	355	305
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	225	140	90
Portuguese	0	0	0	135	75	60
Romanian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Spanish	15	5	10	245	120	125
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	10	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	115	45	70
Chinese languages	5	0	0	115	40	70
Cantonese	0	0	0	40	15	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	55	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	40	25	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	25	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	100	55	45
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	5	0	0	90	50	35
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Multiple responses	25	15	10	2,455	1,195	1,255
English and French	0	0	5	2,025	985	1,040
English and non-official language	25	10	10	215	105	115
French and non-official language	0	0	0	140	70	65
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	70	40	35
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	8,250	4,280	3,970	108,345	53,770	54,575
Single responses	8,200	4,255	3,945	105,150	52,255	52,900
Official languages	8,065	4,195	3,870	104,060	51,720	52,340
English	8,050	4,180	3,865	46,780	23,660	23,115
French	15	10	5	57,280	28,055	29,220
Non-official languages	140	70	70	1,090	535	555
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	140	70	70	1,090	530	560
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	45	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	95	45	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	95	45	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	20	10	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	15	5	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	120	60	60	745	375	370
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	5	0	120	55	55
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	120	60	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	30	15	10
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Serbian	0	0	0	30	20	15
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	115	55	60	280	145	140
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	115	55	55	250	125	125
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	120	60	60
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	105	55	50
Bengali	0	0	0	35	20	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	185	95	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	5	0	0	100	50	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	35	15	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	5	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	60	25	30
Chinese languages	0	0	0	55	30	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	5	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	15	5	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	45	20	25	3,190	1,515	1,680
English and French	0	0	0	2,485	1,155	1,325
English and non-official language	45	20	25	470	225	245
French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	60	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	135	75	65
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	8,250	4,280	3,970	108,345	53,770	54,575
None	8,095	4,210	3,880	79,050	39,500	39,545
English	60	25	40	17,765	8,670	9,090
French	35	15	20	9,790	4,765	5,025
Non-official language	65	30	35	1,400	660	740
Aboriginal	10	5	0	10	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	55	20	30	1,385	660	730
English and French	0	0	0	60	30	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	135	65	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	150	65	80
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,450	3,345	3,105	89,240	44,235	45,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,130	3,195	2,930	86,115	42,755	43,355
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,512	57,984	32,589	38,647	44,639	33,120
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,130	3,195	2,930	86,150	42,760	43,390
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,664	49,820	30,000	34,477	39,163	29,880
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,940	3,145	2,795	77,840	39,505	38,340
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,616	55,168	29,824	37,604	43,428	31,718
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,350	1,340	2,010	59,565	27,125	32,440
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,064	7,477	4,363	6,778	6,840	6,705
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,240	2,815	2,420	64,510	33,570	30,935
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,688	47,488	25,744	38,184	42,823	33,586
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	6,445	3,315	3,130	89,280	44,275	45,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,130	3,150	2,980	86,260	42,865	43,400
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,480	76,345	43,720	46,456	52,464	40,522
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,130	3,150	2,980	86,290	42,870	43,420
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,543	61,277	37,147	38,893	43,337	34,506
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,920	3,090	2,830	77,795	39,645	38,155
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	58,443	74,249	41,189	45,306	51,226	39,154
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,345	1,305	2,045	59,655	27,340	32,315
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,422	8,479	6,748	8,092	7,973	8,193
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,280	2,780	2,500	64,530	33,590	30,940
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,964	63,427	34,987	44,256	48,462	39,690
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	6,445	3,315	3,130	89,275	44,280	45,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,465	1,510	955	33,765	18,835	14,930
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	54,145	68,932	45,280	55,571	58,840	52,609
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	70,075	81,763	51,641	60,955	64,275	56,766
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	93.4	95.6	89.4	87.9	90.3	84.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	68.1	69.3	65.9	71.6	73.1	69.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	6.5	4.4	10.5	12.1	9.7	15.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	6,450	3,345	3,100	89,240	44,235	45,000
Without total income	320	150	170	3,125	1,480	1,645
With total income	6,125	3,195	2,930	86,115	42,755	43,360
Percentage with total income	95.0	95.5	94.5	96.5	96.7	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	715	250	465	9,440	3,870	5,570
$10,000 to $19,999	735	270	460	14,050	5,630	8,415
$20,000 to $29,999	745	330	415	10,975	4,920	6,055
$30,000 to $39,999	640	275	370	9,875	4,740	5,135
$40,000 to $49,999	585	285	300	9,415	4,780	4,640
$50,000 to $59,999	490	235	255	8,145	4,340	3,805
$60,000 to $69,999	395	215	180	6,555	3,565	2,990
$70,000 to $79,999	330	225	110	4,810	2,850	1,965
$80,000 to $89,999	275	175	100	3,625	2,180	1,440
$90,000 to $99,999	250	175	70	3,025	1,665	1,365
$100,000 and over	970	760	210	6,205	4,225	1,980
$100,000 to $149,999	585	440	145	4,910	3,245	1,665
$150,000 and over	385	320	60	1,295	975	320
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,445	3,345	3,100	89,240	44,240	45,005
Without after-tax income	320	150	170	3,095	1,480	1,610
With after-tax income	6,125	3,195	2,930	86,150	42,760	43,390
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.5	94.5	96.5	96.7	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	735	260	475	9,925	3,990	5,935
$10,000 to $19,999	785	295	490	14,620	5,910	8,710
$20,000 to $29,999	870	375	500	13,045	5,905	7,135
$30,000 to $39,999	765	340	425	12,255	6,115	6,145
$40,000 to $49,999	670	330	335	11,195	5,945	5,255
$50,000 to $59,999	555	320	230	8,740	4,790	3,950
$60,000 to $69,999	430	275	155	5,840	3,440	2,395
$70,000 to $79,999	335	245	90	4,275	2,470	1,810
$80,000 and over	980	755	225	6,245	4,195	2,050
$80,000 to $89,999	245	170	75	2,655	1,635	1,025
$90,000 to $99,999	180	130	50	1,365	920	445
$100,000 and over	555	455	95	2,220	1,640	580
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	6,445	3,345	3,105	89,240	44,240	45,000
Without employment income	1,205	530	680	24,730	10,665	14,065
With employment income	5,240	2,815	2,425	64,510	33,575	30,940
Percentage with employment income	81.3	84.2	78.1	72.3	75.9	68.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	760	350	410	8,215	4,230	3,985
$5,000 to $9,999	410	185	230	4,605	2,050	2,555
$10,000 to $19,999	655	270	380	7,705	3,385	4,320
$20,000 to $29,999	550	235	320	6,425	3,005	3,415
$30,000 to $39,999	475	210	260	6,505	3,155	3,350
$40,000 to $49,999	425	200	225	6,455	3,340	3,120
$50,000 to $59,999	360	180	185	6,110	3,195	2,915
$60,000 to $69,999	255	160	105	4,755	2,650	2,105
$70,000 to $79,999	250	175	80	3,625	2,180	1,440
$80,000 and over	1,095	860	235	10,120	6,390	3,730
$80,000 to $89,999	205	135	75	3,020	1,790	1,230
$90,000 to $99,999	185	140	45	2,610	1,410	1,200
$100,000 and over	710	590	120	4,490	3,185	1,300
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,980	...	...	43,435	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	100,569	...	...	78,905	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	85,888	...	...	68,557	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	500	...	...	9,935	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,352	...	...	33,945	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,784	...	...	30,629	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	2,480	...	...	33,505	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,773	...	...	94,429	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,327	...	...	81,559	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,980	...	...	43,445	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	124,393	...	...	92,240	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	101,899	...	...	77,250	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	480	...	...	9,930	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	59,340	...	...	43,271	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,825	...	...	36,268	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	2,500	...	...	33,520	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	136,923	...	...	106,745	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,121	...	...	89,389	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,985	...	...	43,435	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	340	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	350	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	975	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	45	...	...	1,650	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80	...	...	1,585	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	75	...	...	1,435	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	1,740	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	70	...	...	1,630	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	90	...	...	1,675	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75	...	...	1,530	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	160	...	...	3,175	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	170	...	...	3,060	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	2,900	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	175	...	...	2,785	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	180	...	...	2,630	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,500	...	...	15,970	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	375	...	...	5,405	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	285	...	...	3,825	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	415	...	...	4,215	...	...
$200,000 and over	425	...	...	2,525	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,980	...	...	43,435	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	390	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	365	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	1,000	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1,700	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	90	...	...	1,775	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	70	...	...	1,585	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	2,030	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...	1,950	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	2,000	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	95	...	...	1,950	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	210	...	...	3,865	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	225	...	...	3,635	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	230	...	...	3,505	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	210	...	...	3,190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	190	...	...	2,765	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,220	...	...	11,745	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	405	...	...	5,205	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	295	...	...	3,125	...	...
$150,000 and over	515	...	...	3,415	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	2,415	...	...	32,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,542	...	...	94,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,024	...	...	81,416	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,080	...	...	14,300	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,872	...	...	81,248	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,464	...	...	70,823	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,150	...	...	13,745	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	139,045	...	...	122,842	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,480	...	...	104,320	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	150	...	...	4,040	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	67,755	...	...	56,111	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,568	...	...	51,456	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	2,450	...	...	32,815	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	137,000	...	...	106,634	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,173	...	...	89,223	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,120	...	...	14,315	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	131,144	...	...	92,062	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	106,512	...	...	77,125	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,135	...	...	13,730	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	152,107	...	...	134,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,784	...	...	111,266	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	155	...	...	4,045	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,021	...	...	66,374	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,377	...	...	57,599	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	665	430	235	12,130	6,055	6,080
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	44,629	53,568	30,315	32,516	36,333	28,720
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,912	44,608	28,011	29,557	32,269	26,641
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	625	375	250	12,210	6,095	6,110
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	56,871	65,611	43,676	41,644	44,715	38,584
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,797	52,726	37,845	35,096	36,818	33,380
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	8,145	4,225	3,920	107,305	53,405	53,895
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,750	1,375	1,375	45,455	22,050	23,405
In the bottom decile	440	225	215	6,875	3,390	3,480
In the second decile	505	250	255	9,135	4,085	5,045
In the third decile	495	235	255	9,275	4,555	4,720
In the fourth decile	595	300	300	9,540	4,695	4,850
In the fifth decile	715	365	350	10,635	5,325	5,315
In the top half of the distribution	5,390	2,850	2,545	61,845	31,355	30,490
In the sixth decile	785	405	375	11,670	5,920	5,750
In the seventh decile	850	450	400	12,325	6,200	6,130
In the eighth decile	1,010	535	480	13,555	6,855	6,700
In the ninth decile	1,255	660	595	14,120	7,210	6,910
In the top decile	1,495	800	695	10,170	5,170	5,000
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	8,145	4,225	3,920	107,300	53,405	53,895
0 to 17 years	2,095	1,075	1,020	21,835	11,105	10,730
0 to 5 years	570	290	275	6,890	3,430	3,455
18 to 64 years	5,005	2,570	2,435	67,830	33,660	34,170
65 years and over	1,045	575	470	17,640	8,640	9,000
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	665	345	320	11,345	5,265	6,075
0 to 17 years	200	110	90	2,560	1,340	1,215
0 to 5 years	50	25	25	855	445	410
18 to 64 years	375	185	190	6,210	2,915	3,290
65 years and over	90	45	45	2,570	1,005	1,570
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.2	8.2	8.2	10.6	9.9	11.3
0 to 17 years (%)	9.5	10.2	8.8	11.7	12.1	11.3
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	8.6	9.1	12.4	13.0	11.9
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.2	7.8	9.2	8.7	9.6
65 years and over (%)	8.6	7.8	9.6	14.6	11.6	17.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	275	150	130	3,570	1,820	1,755
0 to 17 years	70	45	30	710	375	340
0 to 5 years	25	10	10	225	120	110
18 to 64 years	165	85	80	2,630	1,345	1,290
65 years and over	35	20	15	230	100	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	3.4	3.6	3.3	3.3	3.4	3.3
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	4.2	2.9	3.3	3.4	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	4.4	3.4	3.6	3.3	3.5	3.2
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.3	3.3	3.9	4.0	3.8
65 years and over (%)	3.3	3.5	3.2	1.3	1.2	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	8,145	4,200	3,945	107,315	53,440	53,875
Official languages	8,145	4,195	3,945	107,235	53,410	53,820
English	8,140	4,195	3,945	96,830	48,535	48,295
French	180	85	90	81,550	40,080	41,475
Non-official languages	305	140	165	6,575	3,080	3,495
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	45	10	35
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	295	135	165	6,525	3,070	3,455
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	420	245	175
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	420	240	175
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	410	245	170
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	45	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	30	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	15	30	120	15	105
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	25	105	15	90
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	210	110	100
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	30	15	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	165	85	85
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	25	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	230	110	125	4,910	2,325	2,585
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	85	55	30	585	255	330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	85	55	25	565	245	320
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Czech	0	0	0	60	25	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	190	70	120
Russian	0	0	0	175	75	95
Serbian	0	0	0	40	25	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	15	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	75	55	25	60	30	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	105	40	65	1,530	795	730
Afrikaans	0	0	10	0	10	0
Danish	15	10	10	45	20	30
Dutch	0	0	0	370	180	185
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	25	50	1,095	585	510
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Greek	0	0	0	150	90	60
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	440	215	225
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	395	185	210
Bengali	0	0	0	100	45	55
Gujarati	0	0	0	85	45	45
Hindi	0	0	0	65	25	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	60	35	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	0	10
Urdu	0	0	0	110	50	60
Iranian languages	0	0	0	55	35	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	45	30	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	10	30	2,300	1,010	1,295
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	470	230	240
Portuguese	10	0	0	180	120	60
Romanian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Spanish	30	10	25	1,735	715	1,020
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	10	0	220	115	105
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lingala	0	0	0	40	20	25
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	65	40	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	60	25	35
Wolof	0	0	0	10	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	10	75	40	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	205	55	145
American Sign Language	0	0	0	50	10	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	105	35	75
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	20	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	185	85	110
Chinese languages	0	0	0	190	80	105
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	10	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	135	60	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	35	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	35	25
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	0	180	90	95
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hungarian	15	10	0	150	80	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	8,140	4,200	3,945	107,315	53,440	53,880
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	8,020	4,155	3,865	106,040	52,875	53,165
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,090	1,120	975	21,655	11,065	10,590
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,925	3,035	2,885	84,380	41,810	42,570
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	130	45	85	1,275	565	715
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	8,145	4,200	3,945	107,315	53,440	53,875
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	7,880	4,085	3,795	101,600	50,615	50,990
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	250	110	135	5,490	2,720	2,775
Before 1981	125	70	60	2,540	1,400	1,135
1981 to 1990	15	0	0	810	410	400
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	835	380	455
2001 to 2010	35	10	25	985	400	585
2001 to 2005	10	0	0	460	190	265
2006 to 2010	25	0	25	530	210	315
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	65	30	35	330	130	195
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	15	0	10	220	105	110
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	245	115	135	5,495	2,720	2,775
Under 5 years	40	30	15	840	435	410
5 to 14 years	60	25	40	1,070	620	450
15 to 24 years	50	25	30	1,250	590	660
25 to 44 years	70	25	50	2,040	950	1,090
45 years and over	20	10	10	290	130	160
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	250	115	135	5,490	2,720	2,775
Americas	75	25	55	985	420	570
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	0	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	40	20	15
Guyana	0	0	0	35	20	15
Haiti	0	0	0	155	75	80
Jamaica	0	0	0	75	35	35
Mexico	10	0	10	60	20	40
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	15	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	55	25	35	435	175	265
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	145	55	90
Europe	130	65	60	3,110	1,625	1,485
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	35	20	10
France	10	10	10	180	105	75
Germany	0	0	0	300	150	150
Greece	0	0	0	60	35	25
Hungary	10	10	0	60	40	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	10	40	20	15
Italy	0	0	0	130	75	50
Netherlands	10	0	0	310	165	145
Poland	15	10	0	105	50	55
Portugal	0	0	0	60	40	20
Romania	0	0	0	70	35	40
Russian Federation	0	0	0	65	20	40
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	20	20	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	0	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	55	30	20	985	495	490
Other places of birth in Europe	25	0	15	660	340	315
Africa	0	0	0	435	225	210
Algeria	0	0	0	35	25	15
Egypt	0	0	0	45	25	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	15	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	25	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	290	140	145
Asia	35	20	15	940	430	505
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	60	25	30
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	125	30	95
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	10
India	0	0	0	125	60	70
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	30	30	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	170	105	65
Pakistan	0	0	0	65	30	35
Philippines	30	15	15	90	20	75
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	30	10	20
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	110	60	50
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	25	15	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	65	30	30	330	130	195
Americas	10	0	10	110	45	65
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	30	10	20
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	65	25	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	20	10	15	75	35	45
France	0	0	0	20	0	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	0	10	0	55	15	40
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	0	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	25	10	15
Asia	25	15	10	80	35	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	25	15	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	15	10	20	0	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	8,145	4,200	3,945	107,315	53,440	53,875
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	275	120	150	6,175	3,055	3,115
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	950	480	470	7,865	4,020	3,850
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	6,920	3,595	3,320	93,275	46,365	46,915
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	125	45	80	3,060	1,385	1,670
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	60	30	35	1,440	745	700
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	25	20	10	645	460	185
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	35	10	25	795	285	510
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	60	25	40	1,170	405	765
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	440	240	200
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	8,145	4,195	3,945	107,315	53,440	53,875
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	425	245	185	3,285	1,530	1,760
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	420	235	185	3,150	1,470	1,675
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	135	85	50	1,420	635	780
Métis	280	145	130	1,665	805	865
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	65	30	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	45	20	25
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	90	30	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	7,720	3,960	3,760	104,025	51,910	52,110
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	8,145	4,200	3,945	107,315	53,440	53,875
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	110	60	50	600	275	325
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	8,035	4,140	3,895	106,715	53,165	53,550
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	8,145	4,200	3,945	107,315	53,440	53,875
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	70	35	40	900	390	505
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	70	30	40	875	385	490
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	35	15	15	585	265	320
Métis single ancestry	40	20	25	245	100	145
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	45	20	25
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	25	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	475	230	245	6,140	2,935	3,205
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	455	230	230	5,985	2,875	3,110
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	110	115	4,060	1,930	2,130
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	110	115	1,865	915	955
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	60	30	35
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	0	10	155	60	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	160	65	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	7,595	3,935	3,665	100,275	50,110	50,165
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	8,145	4,200	3,945	107,315	53,440	53,875
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	70	25	45	3,240	1,475	1,760
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	550	260	290
Chinese	10	0	0	270	100	170
Black	15	10	10	1,195	530	670
Filipino	45	20	25	200	60	135
Latin American	10	0	10	250	105	140
Arab	0	0	0	385	230	155
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	135	75	55
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	55	35	25
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	85	25	60
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	8,075	4,175	3,900	104,075	51,960	52,115
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	8,145	4,195	3,945	107,315	53,440	53,875
North American Aboriginal origins	545	265	280	7,040	3,330	3,710
First Nations (North American Indian)	275	130	145	4,820	2,265	2,560
Inuit	0	0	0	105	50	50
Métis	275	135	145	2,285	1,085	1,205
Other North American origins	2,420	1,265	1,155	67,530	33,390	34,140
Acadian	10	0	0	350	160	190
American	175	90	80	825	395	425
Canadian	2,290	1,180	1,110	66,615	32,935	33,680
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	60	40	25
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	155	70	85
Québécois	0	0	0	180	80	105
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	0
European origins	6,940	3,565	3,380	62,955	31,575	31,380
British Isles origins	4,910	2,550	2,365	32,175	16,100	16,075
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,425	1,830	1,595	14,520	7,270	7,250
Irish	1,730	905	820	15,800	7,590	8,215
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,745	810	940	13,810	6,855	6,950
Welsh	255	140	115	860	400	460
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	115	50	65	1,600	855	740
French origins	1,050	465	590	36,790	18,160	18,630
Alsatian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Breton	0	0	0	20	15	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,050	460	590	36,750	18,135	18,615
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,715	1,350	1,365	9,375	4,690	4,680
Austrian	135	70	70	250	110	140
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	40	10	25	610	285	320
Dutch	440	235	205	2,895	1,465	1,430
Flemish	0	0	0	50	30	20
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	2,365	1,165	1,200	5,445	2,700	2,750
Luxembourger	0	0	0	40	20	15
Swiss	30	25	10	695	385	310
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,455	720	735	1,180	640	540
Danish	190	110	80	375	205	165
Finnish	55	35	15	235	120	120
Icelandic	25	10	15	45	10	40
Norwegian	885	425	455	245	115	125
Swedish	410	180	225	295	180	115
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	30	0	80	55	20
Eastern European origins	1,795	915	885	3,965	1,950	2,015
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	15	165	75	90
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	70	25	50	65	35	30
Estonian	25	15	10	30	10	10
Hungarian	95	50	45	495	245	250
Latvian	10	0	0	45	20	30
Lithuanian	15	10	0	50	40	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	490	240	255	1,570	705	865
Romanian	25	15	15	145	80	60
Russian	170	90	80	480	235	250
Slovak	15	10	10	105	45	60
Ukrainian	1,215	660	560	1,275	670	605
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	25	20	0
Southern European origins	70	40	30	3,920	2,045	1,875
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	75	50	30
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	10	0	0	275	140	140
Italian	25	15	10	2,415	1,240	1,175
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Maltese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	420	250	170
Serbian	0	0	0	70	40	35
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovenian	0	0	0	60	45	15
Spanish	15	10	10	525	250	275
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	70	35	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	15	10	0	295	145	155
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	125	70	65
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	10	150	65	80
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	625	250	385
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	30	15	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	225	105	120
Jamaican	0	0	0	245	90	155
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	20	0	15
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	0	10	475	210	270
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	10	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Chilean	0	0	0	25	10	20
Colombian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	105	45	60
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mexican	0	0	0	95	30	65
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	20	35
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	55	30	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	10	15	10	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	20	0	10
African origins	0	10	0	1,065	495	570
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	210	100	115
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Chadian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Congolese	0	10	0	75	35	40
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	255	140	115
Algerian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	125	75	45
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	40	20	25
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	285	135	145
Afrikaner	0	0	0	15	10	10
Amhara	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	120	60	60
Tanzanian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Other African origins	10	0	0	340	145	200
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	35	15	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	10	0	310	135	175
Asian origins	80	25	55	2,195	1,070	1,125
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	830	485	350
Afghan	0	0	0	25	20	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Armenian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	70	40	25
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	495	295	195
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	40	25	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	20	10	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	0	15
South Asian origins	0	0	0	575	265	310
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	50	25	30
Bengali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	375	185	190
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	85	45	45
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	75	25	50	820	330	485
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	40	25	10
Chinese	0	0	10	385	145	240
Filipino	40	15	25	225	70	155
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	30	10	15
Japanese	0	0	0	60	20	35
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	20	10	15	25	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	40	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	10	75	40	35
Australian	0	0	0	65	30	35
New Zealander	10	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,980	...	...	43,450	...	...
Owner	2,715	...	...	34,090	...	...
Renter	265	...	...	9,355	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,980	...	...	43,445	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...	2,210	...	...
Not condominium	2,965	...	...	41,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,985	...	...	43,445	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	40	...	...	2,865	...	...
2 bedrooms	350	...	...	10,760	...	...
3 bedrooms	975	...	...	18,745	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,620	...	...	11,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,980	...	...	43,445	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	205	...	...	7,955	...	...
5 rooms	360	...	...	6,705	...	...
6 rooms	430	...	...	7,575	...	...
7 rooms	480	...	...	6,845	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,500	...	...	14,365	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.9	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,980	...	...	43,445	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,985	...	...	43,280	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,980	...	...	43,445	...	...
Suitable	2,925	...	...	42,490	...	...
Not suitable	55	...	...	960	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,980	...	...	43,450	...	...
1960 or before	555	...	...	9,185	...	...
1961 to 1980	835	...	...	10,050	...	...
1981 to 1990	445	...	...	8,240	...	...
1991 to 2000	335	...	...	6,100	...	...
2001 to 2005	230	...	...	3,385	...	...
2006 to 2010	330	...	...	3,500	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	250	...	...	2,985	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,980	...	...	43,445	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,765	...	...	40,410	...	...
Major repairs needed	215	...	...	3,035	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,980	...	...	43,445	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,710	...	...	23,250	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,245	...	...	19,705	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	30	...	...	490	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,980	...	...	43,445	...	...
15 to 24 years	70	...	...	805	...	...
25 to 34 years	325	...	...	5,010	...	...
35 to 44 years	600	...	...	6,915	...	...
45 to 54 years	660	...	...	9,680	...	...
55 to 64 years	685	...	...	9,905	...	...
65 to 74 years	430	...	...	7,015	...	...
75 to 84 years	170	...	...	3,190	...	...
85 years and over	45	...	...	920	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,230	...	...	42,400	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,945	...	...	33,580	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	290	...	...	8,820	...	...
30% to less than 100%	255	...	...	8,025	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,010	...	...	33,140	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.0	...	...	62.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.8	...	...	13.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	947	...	...	1,216	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,329	...	...	1,302	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	400,138	...	...	280,287	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	422,051	...	...	310,060	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	240	...	...	9,310	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	8.2	...	...	12.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	22.9	...	...	45.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,001	...	...	865	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	939	...	...	922	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,445	3,315	3,130	89,275	44,280	45,000
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,405	875	530	17,320	9,410	7,910
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,915	950	970	27,450	13,405	14,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,125	1,495	1,635	44,510	21,465	23,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	885	720	165	8,125	5,440	2,685
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	200	100	105	4,300	2,525	1,770
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	685	620	65	3,830	2,915	910
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,450	505	945	21,290	9,815	11,475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	155	50	100	1,825	770	1,055
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	640	215	425	13,270	5,440	7,830
Bachelor's degree	555	190	370	9,645	3,795	5,850
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	1,070	415	650
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	20	15	240	115	125
Master's degree	40	10	30	2,005	950	1,055
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	305	165	140
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,425	2,260	2,170	59,590	29,385	30,210
No certificate, diploma or degree	605	410	200	6,980	4,265	2,715
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,320	620	695	17,795	8,735	9,065
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,505	1,230	1,280	34,815	16,385	18,425
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	660	580	80	5,895	3,850	2,040
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	105	70	35	3,125	1,765	1,365
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	555	510	45	2,765	2,085	680
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,165	420	740	17,160	7,960	9,195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	45	75	1,200	515	685
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	560	185	380	10,560	4,060	6,505
Bachelor's degree	480	155	325	7,700	2,905	4,800
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	810	255	555
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	15	15	210	95	120
Master's degree	35	10	30	1,625	710	910
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	220	95	125
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,445	3,315	3,130	89,275	44,280	45,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,320	1,825	1,495	44,765	22,810	21,955
Education	285	45	235	3,615	810	2,810
13. Education	285	50	235	3,615	805	2,810
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	1,205	500	705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	265	185	80
50. Visual and performing arts	15	10	15	940	315	625
Humanities	55	10	50	1,740	600	1,145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	250	35	215
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	260	75	185
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	10	460	160	300
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	20	15	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	80	40	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	15	110	40	70
54. History	10	0	10	360	185	175
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	200	50	145
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	15	130	4,775	1,380	3,395
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	10	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	450	180	270
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	65	0	65	1,115	60	1,055
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	795	250	535
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	120	10	115
42. Psychology	30	0	25	700	140	565
45. Social sciences	15	0	15	1,545	725	820
Business, management and public administration	615	100	510	8,370	2,895	5,475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	30	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	20	780	130	650
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	585	95	490	7,565	2,760	4,805
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	20	25	1,080	570	510
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	515	210	300
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	10	175	105	75
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	30	10	20
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	280	205	75
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	80	40	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	10	40	1,790	1,180	610
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	15	20	1,485	1,060	420
25. Library science	20	0	20	150	35	115
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	135	70	70
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,060	1,005	50	9,760	9,255	510
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	245	185	60
14. Engineering	65	55	10	1,015	920	90
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	160	140	20	2,095	1,905	190
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	270	260	0	2,370	2,320	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	370	360	10	2,985	2,915	70
48. Precision production	180	180	10	1,045	1,005	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	315	210	105	1,565	1,130	435
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	235	160	75	1,260	895	365
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	50	30	310	235	75
Health and related fields	400	25	370	6,420	1,040	5,380
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	0	10	465	225	240
51. Health professions and related programs	370	20	350	5,930	800	5,130
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	0	10	25	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	135	35	105	4,195	2,120	2,075
12. Personal and culinary services	95	10	90	2,040	450	1,585
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	50	50	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	100	95	10
43. Security and protective services	20	10	15	1,360	920	440
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	10	650	610	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,430	2,260	2,170	59,590	29,380	30,210
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,920	1,030	890	24,775	12,995	11,780
Education	215	40	180	2,670	560	2,110
13. Education	220	40	180	2,670	555	2,110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	0	15	900	325	570
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	195	125	70
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	10	710	205	505
Humanities	50	0	40	1,265	400	865
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	215	35	180
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	190	45	140
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	305	90	215
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	15	40	25	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	0	0	70	30	45
54. History	0	0	0	310	155	155
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	130	15	120
Social and behavioural sciences and law	125	15	110	3,920	1,075	2,840
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	10	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	10	310	110	200
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	55	925	55	875
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	20	700	215	485
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	95	10	85
42. Psychology	25	10	25	595	105	495
45. Social sciences	15	0	10	1,250	580	670
Business, management and public administration	495	85	415	6,660	2,195	4,465
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	20	0	15	640	95	550
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	475	80	400	5,990	2,095	3,900
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	20	815	395	415
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	20	10	10	405	170	235
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	140	80	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	25	10	20
40. Physical sciences	10	0	10	185	120	65
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	55	25	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	35	0	30	1,620	1,060	560
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	10	15	1,380	980	400
25. Library science	15	0	15	130	25	110
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	105	45	55
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	900	855	45	7,470	7,035	435
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	200	140	60
14. Engineering	55	50	10	710	625	85
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	135	120	15	1,610	1,460	155
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	220	215	10	1,840	1,810	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	325	320	10	2,385	2,315	70
48. Precision production	160	155	0	720	685	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	220	150	70	1,170	835	335
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	160	105	60	915	650	265
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	50	10	250	185	65
Health and related fields	315	30	290	5,040	865	4,180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	0	10	355	170	185
51. Health professions and related programs	290	20	270	4,660	680	3,985
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	20	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	90	20	65	3,285	1,635	1,650
12. Personal and culinary services	55	10	50	1,575	345	1,230
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	45	45	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	55	50	0
43. Security and protective services	15	10	10	1,095	710	385
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	520	490	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,445	3,315	3,130	89,275	44,275	45,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,320	1,825	1,495	44,770	22,810	21,955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,130	1,490	1,635	44,510	21,465	23,045
Location of study inside Canada	3,010	1,450	1,555	42,345	20,410	21,935
Same as province or territory of residence	2,305	1,140	1,170	34,280	16,600	17,680
Different than province or territory of residence	705	310	390	8,070	3,810	4,255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	120	40	80	2,170	1,055	1,110
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	15	25	465	245	225
Philippines	30	10	25	65	0	70
India	0	0	10	70	30	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	420	225	190
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	30	20	10
France	0	0	0	115	75	45
Other	30	10	20	995	460	530
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,430	2,260	2,170	59,590	29,380	30,205
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,920	1,030	890	24,775	12,995	11,780
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,505	1,230	1,280	34,810	16,390	18,425
Location of study inside Canada	2,405	1,200	1,210	33,380	15,735	17,645
Same as province or territory of residence	1,810	930	875	27,515	13,070	14,445
Different than province or territory of residence	600	265	335	5,870	2,665	3,200
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	100	30	65	1,435	650	780
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	10	10	325	165	160
Philippines	30	10	20	60	0	60
India	10	0	10	60	20	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	0	10	220	110	110
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	35	20	10
France	0	0	0	65	40	25
Other	30	10	25	660	285	380
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	6,450	3,315	3,130	89,280	44,280	45,000
In the labour force	4,880	2,675	2,205	59,350	30,945	28,400
Employed	4,545	2,455	2,085	56,180	29,225	26,955
Unemployed	335	215	115	3,170	1,720	1,445
Not in the labour force	1,570	640	925	29,930	13,330	16,600
Participation rate	75.7	80.7	70.4	66.5	69.9	63.1
Employment rate	70.5	74.1	66.6	62.9	66.0	59.9
Unemployment rate	6.9	8.0	5.2	5.3	5.6	5.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	6,450	3,315	3,130	89,275	44,275	45,000
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,215	440	775	27,690	12,175	15,510
Worked	5,235	2,880	2,360	61,590	32,100	29,490
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,650	1,635	1,015	34,630	19,385	15,245
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	2,580	1,240	1,340	26,965	12,715	14,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.9	41.9	44.0	44.5	43.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	4,875	2,675	2,205	59,350	30,950	28,400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	15	10	760	335	430
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	4,855	2,660	2,195	58,585	30,610	27,970
Employee	3,330	1,685	1,645	51,055	25,750	25,305
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,525	975	550	7,530	4,865	2,665
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	4,875	2,670	2,205	59,345	30,945	28,400
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	15	10	765	335	425
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	4,855	2,660	2,195	58,585	30,610	27,970
0 Management occupations	1,175	825	345	6,815	4,405	2,410
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	685	80	600	10,345	2,595	7,750
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	155	105	45	3,430	2,630	800
3 Health occupations	145	10	140	3,485	585	2,895
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	370	60	315	7,760	2,230	5,525
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	75	10	65	1,085	480	600
6 Sales and service occupations	675	195	480	11,630	4,975	6,660
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	860	805	55	10,665	10,110	560
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	540	420	120	1,595	1,235	360
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	175	145	30	1,765	1,355	410
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	4,875	2,670	2,205	59,345	30,945	28,400
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	15	0	765	335	430
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	4,855	2,660	2,195	58,585	30,610	27,970
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,240	800	440	2,450	1,770	680
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	535	425	110	115	95	20
22 Utilities	30	15	15	215	185	30
23 Construction	400	325	80	6,330	5,595	730
31-33 Manufacturing	175	125	55	3,955	2,965	990
41 Wholesale trade	155	120	40	1,870	1,415	455
44-45 Retail trade	440	195	240	6,310	3,195	3,110
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	225	170	55	2,855	2,045	815
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	10	705	390	310
52 Finance and insurance	110	25	85	1,610	635	975
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	65	10	55	675	390	290
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	305	145	160	2,740	1,350	1,390
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	30	10	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	100	50	50	2,540	1,605	935
61 Educational services	360	60	295	4,665	1,130	3,525
62 Health care and social assistance	280	20	260	6,560	855	5,700
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	10	20	955	495	460
72 Accommodation and food services	110	15	95	2,895	1,070	1,825
81 Other services (except public administration)	160	90	70	2,795	1,305	1,495
91 Public administration	125	65	55	8,315	4,120	4,200
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	4,545	2,455	2,090	56,180	29,230	26,955
Worked at home	1,245	735	515	4,630	2,390	2,240
Worked outside Canada	10	0	10	90	45	45
No fixed workplace address	640	515	130	6,550	5,235	1,320
Worked at usual place	2,645	1,210	1,435	44,910	21,555	23,355
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,645	1,210	1,440	44,910	21,555	23,355
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	375	215	165	15,000	6,850	8,145
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,715	695	1,015	7,895	3,740	4,155
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	185	100	80	19,145	9,395	9,755
Commute to a different province or territory	375	195	175	2,870	1,570	1,300
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,285	1,720	1,565	51,465	26,795	24,670
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,025	1,605	1,420	43,775	23,730	20,045
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	115	45	70	3,150	1,045	2,105
Public transit	10	0	10	2,055	840	1,215
Walked	95	45	50	1,775	805	970
Bicycle	0	0	0	160	110	50
Other method	45	25	20	545	260	280
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,285	1,720	1,565	51,460	26,795	24,670
Less than 15 minutes	1,000	490	510	13,310	6,190	7,120
15 to 29 minutes	1,290	615	675	11,345	5,815	5,530
30 to 44 minutes	610	330	280	12,925	7,225	5,710
45 to 59 minutes	180	120	60	7,770	4,275	3,495
60 minutes and over	210	170	40	6,105	3,285	2,820
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,285	1,725	1,565	51,460	26,790	24,670
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	210	155	60	6,135	4,320	1,810
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	675	500	175	13,935	8,050	5,890
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,290	700	590	14,650	7,080	7,570
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	645	185	455	7,310	2,760	4,545
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	175	60	110	3,145	1,210	1,940
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	285	110	170	6,290	3,365	2,925
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	5,340	2,915	2,425	63,135	32,900	30,235
Single responses	5,340	2,910	2,425	57,320	30,060	27,270
Official languages	5,335	2,915	2,425	57,230	30,000	27,230
English	5,315	2,895	2,415	34,675	19,075	15,600
French	25	15	10	22,555	10,930	11,625
Non-official languages	0	10	0	95	55	40
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	95	55	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	80	50	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	60	35	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	5,810	2,845	2,965
English and French	0	0	0	5,675	2,765	2,910
English and non-official language	0	0	0	95	50	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	5,340	2,915	2,425	63,135	32,900	30,230
None	5,310	2,900	2,405	31,535	16,615	14,920
English	15	10	10	15,430	7,755	7,675
French	15	0	10	15,935	8,420	7,510
Non-official language	0	0	0	190	75	115
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	185	75	110
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	20	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	8,065	4,160	3,905	106,220	52,870	53,355
Non-movers	7,655	3,965	3,690	95,730	47,915	47,820
Movers	415	200	220	10,495	4,955	5,535
Non-migrants	180	95	85	4,950	2,330	2,615
Migrants	235	100	135	5,545	2,625	2,920
Internal migrants	215	90	125	5,335	2,525	2,805
Intraprovincial migrants	155	60	95	4,260	1,975	2,280
Interprovincial migrants	60	30	25	1,080	550	525
External migrants	20	10	10	210	100	110
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	7,670	3,975	3,695	101,640	50,535	51,105
Non-movers	5,980	3,115	2,870	68,750	34,630	34,120
Movers	1,690	860	830	32,895	15,910	16,985
Non-migrants	725	390	335	15,035	7,275	7,760
Migrants	965	470	495	17,860	8,635	9,220
Internal migrants	905	445	465	17,205	8,325	8,885
Intraprovincial migrants	615	305	315	13,325	6,420	6,900
Interprovincial migrants	290	140	145	3,890	1,905	1,980
External migrants	60	30	35	650	310	340

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Vermilion River County, MD [Census subdivision], Alberta and Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vermilion River County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta and Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Vermilion River County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta and Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vermilion River County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta and Glengarry--Prescott--Russell [Federal electoral district], Ontario