Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Paul, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Vernon [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	St. Paul, T Alberta [Census subdivision]			Vernon British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , St. Paul, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : St. Paul, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Vernon [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,827	...	...	61,334	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,405 ^r	...	...	58,584	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.8	...	...	4.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,378	...	...	29,311	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,248	...	...	26,180	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	674.2	...	...	58.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8.64	...	...	1,042.12	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,825	2,775	3,050	61,330	29,515	31,815
0 to 14 years	1,125	525	600	8,665	4,410	4,255
0 to 4 years	425	195	235	2,640	1,370	1,270
5 to 9 years	375	170	200	2,970	1,500	1,470
10 to 14 years	320	155	165	3,060	1,540	1,515
15 to 64 years	3,645	1,815	1,825	37,320	18,005	19,315
15 to 19 years	365	175	190	3,260	1,685	1,575
20 to 24 years	375	195	180	2,960	1,495	1,465
25 to 29 years	455	240	215	2,855	1,505	1,350
30 to 34 years	455	220	235	3,175	1,515	1,660
35 to 39 years	385	185	200	3,165	1,530	1,640
40 to 44 years	340	170	165	3,350	1,645	1,705
45 to 49 years	290	155	140	3,620	1,715	1,900
50 to 54 years	310	155	160	4,670	2,170	2,500
55 to 59 years	345	170	180	5,265	2,490	2,770
60 to 64 years	325	165	165	5,010	2,255	2,755
65 years and over	1,055	435	625	15,345	7,100	8,245
65 to 69 years	250	110	145	4,740	2,270	2,470
70 to 74 years	220	95	125	3,680	1,765	1,915
75 to 79 years	190	90	105	2,745	1,300	1,445
80 to 84 years	160	70	90	2,100	975	1,125
85 years and over	240	75	165	2,080	800	1,285
85 to 89 years	155	60	100	1,350	580	775
90 to 94 years	60	15	45	555	185	370
95 to 99 years	20	0	20	150	25	125
100 years and over	5	0	5	20	10	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.3	18.9	19.7	14.1	14.9	13.4
15 to 64 years	62.6	65.4	59.8	60.9	61.0	60.7
65 years and over	18.1	15.7	20.5	25.0	24.1	25.9
85 years and over	4.1	2.7	5.4	3.4	2.7	4.0
Average age of the population	39.7	38.6	40.6	46.1	45.0	47.1
Median age of the population	36.8	35.8	37.7	49.5	47.8	50.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
Single-detached house	1,575	...	...	15,435	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	305	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	600	...	...	9,560	...	...
Semi-detached house	85	...	...	1,520	...	...
Row house	80	...	...	1,755	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	40	...	...	2,000	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	385	...	...	4,180	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	100	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	80	...	...	880	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
1 person	685	...	...	7,470	...	...
2 persons	765	...	...	10,875	...	...
3 persons	295	...	...	3,410	...	...
4 persons	275	...	...	2,775	...	...
5 or more persons	225	...	...	1,650	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,450	...	...	59,720	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,700	2,250	2,455	52,665	25,105	27,560
Married or living common law	2,615	1,320	1,295	31,430	15,675	15,750
Married	2,150	1,090	1,060	26,110	13,025	13,085
Living common law	465	230	235	5,325	2,650	2,670
Not married and not living common law	2,085	930	1,160	21,235	9,435	11,805
Never married	1,260	700	560	11,660	6,405	5,255
Separated	140	65	80	1,640	660	980
Divorced	275	110	165	4,185	1,590	2,590
Widowed	410	55	350	3,755	775	2,975
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,510	...	...	18,085	...	...
2 persons	790	...	...	11,245	...	...
3 persons	295	...	...	3,120	...	...
4 persons	260	...	...	2,590	...	...
5 or more persons	165	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,510	...	...	18,085	...	...
Total couple families	1,245	...	...	15,400	...	...
Married couples	1,010	...	...	12,740	...	...
Common-law couples	230	...	...	2,660	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	265	...	...	2,685	...	...
Female parent	205	...	...	2,105	...	...
Male parent	55	...	...	580	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,245	...	...	15,400	...	...
Couples without children	640	...	...	9,560	...	...
Couples with children	605	...	...	5,840	...	...
1 child	220	...	...	2,370	...	...
2 children	240	...	...	2,405	...	...
3 or more children	140	...	...	1,070	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	265	...	...	2,685	...	...
1 child	150	...	...	1,685	...	...
2 children	75	...	...	755	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,070	515	560	11,380	4,985	6,395
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,245	...	...	26,180	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430	...	...	17,225	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	615	...	...	9,155	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	815	...	...	8,070	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	40	...	...	425	...	...
Non-census-family households	780	...	...	8,530	...	...
One-person households	690	...	...	7,465	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	90	...	...	1,060	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,590	2,680	2,915	60,495	29,170	31,320
English only	4,495	2,185	2,310	56,330	27,390	28,935
French only	15	5	10	10	5	10
English and French	1,075	480	590	3,890	1,660	2,225
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	260	110	150
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,590	2,680	2,915	60,490	29,170	31,325
English	4,950	2,385	2,565	59,480	28,730	30,755
French	605	280	325	670	300	365
English and French	25	10	15	90	30	55
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	250	105	150
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	615	285	330	715	320	395
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	11.0	10.6	11.3	1.2	1.1	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,595	2,675	2,915	60,495	29,170	31,325
Single responses	5,480	2,630	2,850	59,905	28,910	30,995
Official languages	4,730	2,295	2,440	54,085	26,230	27,855
English	4,110	2,005	2,100	53,305	25,880	27,420
French	625	285	335	780	345	435
Non-official languages	745	335	410	5,820	2,685	3,140
Aboriginal languages	50	20	35	80	35	50
Algonquian languages	55	20	35	25	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	50	20	40	25	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	5	0	5	5
Cree, n.o.s.	40	10	30	20	5	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	35	20	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	695	320	375	5,740	2,650	3,090
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	20	10	55	40	20
Berber languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	10	50	35	15
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	15	10	5	40	25	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	100	45	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Vietnamese	10	5	5	80	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	255	115	145	275	80	195
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	15	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	210	90	115	220	65	160
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	10	10	5
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	5	5	5
Tamil	5	5	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	135	175	4,630	2,190	2,435
Albanian	0	0	5	40	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	175	75	100	1,210	515	695
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slavic languages	175	75	100	1,195	510	690
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Czech	0	0	0	80	50	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Polish	25	10	10	130	40	90
Russian	0	0	0	500	210	290
Serbian	5	5	0	5	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	0	40	15	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	15
Ukrainian	140	60	85	350	145	200
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	25	25	2,315	1,125	1,195
Afrikaans	10	5	5	70	35	35
Danish	0	0	0	60	25	30
Dutch	5	5	0	455	220	235
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	35	15	15	1,670	795	870
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	25	15	5
Swedish	0	0	0	25	15	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	30	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	60	30	35	595	295	300
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	35	570	285	285
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	15	5	10	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	490	235	250
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	25	5	15	30	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	20	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	5	10	440	215	220
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	140	85	50
Portuguese	0	0	0	65	25	35
Romanian	10	0	10	20	5	10
Spanish	5	0	5	215	100	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	95	35	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	110	40	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	270	115	150
Chinese languages	15	10	5	265	115	150
Cantonese	5	5	0	140	65	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	0	85	35	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	135	60	75
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	30	10	20
Hungarian	0	0	0	95	45	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	5	5	5
Multiple responses	115	45	65	585	260	330
English and French	50	20	25	115	60	55
English and non-official language	65	25	35	445	190	255
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,595	2,675	2,910	60,495	29,170	31,320
Single responses	5,400	2,595	2,805	59,540	28,745	30,795
Official languages	5,095	2,450	2,650	57,820	27,950	29,865
English	4,895	2,365	2,530	57,675	27,885	29,790
French	205	85	115	140	65	80
Non-official languages	300	145	155	1,720	795	925
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	15	5	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	275	135	140	1,700	795	910
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	25	15	10
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	5	0	20	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	80	35	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	5	0	0	65	30	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	85	80	75	30	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	5	5	5	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	70	60	60	20	40
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	25	45	1,235	580	655
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	5	15	290	130	160
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	20	5	15	285	125	160
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	20
Russian	0	0	5	175	75	100
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Ukrainian	15	5	10	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	405	195	215
Afrikaans	10	5	0	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	55	30	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	310	145	165
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	30	10	20	385	185	195
Indo-Aryan languages	30	10	20	380	185	195
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	5	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	25	15	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	5	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	5	330	160	175
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	15	5	10	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	80	40	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	80	35	45
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	125	55	70
Chinese languages	5	5	5	120	55	65
Cantonese	5	0	5	60	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	20	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Multiple responses	195	80	115	955	425	530
English and French	25	5	20	55	20	30
English and non-official language	160	70	90	890	400	490
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,590	2,680	2,915	60,490	29,170	31,325
None	4,760	2,310	2,450	57,320	27,775	29,550
English	295	135	160	750	355	395
French	265	115	150	530	210	320
Non-official language	260	105	155	1,825	805	1,020
Aboriginal	65	30	40	80	35	40
Non-Aboriginal	195	80	115	1,750	770	975
English and French	10	0	5	5	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	15	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,330	2,105	2,225	51,065	24,420	26,640
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,190	2,040	2,155	49,650	23,755	25,895
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,347	50,119	31,974	32,615	41,086	27,009
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,195	2,035	2,155	49,685	23,780	25,905
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,568	43,360	29,594	29,495	36,016	25,197
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,870	1,920	1,955	45,010	21,870	23,140
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,504	50,320	30,048	28,822	37,579	22,492
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,600	1,005	1,600	36,610	15,950	20,665
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,288	8,331	6,792	8,631	9,879	8,079
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,325	1,705	1,615	34,795	17,530	17,260
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,714	52,864	32,448	28,002	36,057	22,558
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,335	2,110	2,220	51,065	24,435	26,630
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,200	2,050	2,155	49,665	23,755	25,905
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,197	61,220	37,745	43,364	52,938	34,584
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,205	2,055	2,150	49,705	23,785	25,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,558	50,341	33,190	36,698	43,679	30,293
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,895	1,960	1,935	45,070	21,895	23,175
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,351	59,879	34,660	40,452	50,494	30,964
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,570	1,015	1,560	36,590	15,970	20,615
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,731	8,127	9,124	9,032	9,522	8,653
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,325	1,765	1,560	34,800	17,370	17,425
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,907	58,835	37,700	39,009	48,622	29,425
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,330	2,110	2,225	51,065	24,440	26,630
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,295	670	620	13,160	7,385	5,775
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	61,226	69,423	49,687	50,954	60,071	43,505
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	69,326	83,028	54,457	60,789	69,689	49,404
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.9	92.5	83.8	84.8	88.1	80.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	76.6	81.7	70.0	62.4	66.6	56.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.1	7.6	16.1	15.2	11.9	19.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,335	2,105	2,230	51,065	24,425	26,645
Without total income	140	65	75	1,415	670	745
With total income	4,195	2,040	2,155	49,650	23,750	25,895
Percentage with total income	96.8	96.9	96.6	97.2	97.2	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	435	160	280	6,080	2,330	3,750
$10,000 to $19,999	545	230	320	9,175	3,435	5,740
$20,000 to $29,999	675	260	420	7,855	3,165	4,690
$30,000 to $39,999	455	185	270	6,270	2,685	3,585
$40,000 to $49,999	440	180	255	5,270	2,545	2,725
$50,000 to $59,999	375	185	195	3,765	2,040	1,725
$60,000 to $69,999	285	175	115	2,845	1,745	1,100
$70,000 to $79,999	220	140	80	2,205	1,410	795
$80,000 to $89,999	170	100	65	1,680	1,065	615
$90,000 to $99,999	175	110	60	1,160	800	365
$100,000 and over	410	310	95	3,330	2,525	805
$100,000 to $149,999	315	235	75	2,220	1,660	565
$150,000 and over	95	75	20	1,110	870	245
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,330	2,105	2,230	51,065	24,420	26,645
Without after-tax income	140	65	75	1,380	645	740
With after-tax income	4,195	2,040	2,155	49,685	23,780	25,905
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	96.9	96.6	97.3	97.4	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	440	165	275	6,410	2,465	3,945
$10,000 to $19,999	580	240	345	9,695	3,720	5,975
$20,000 to $29,999	765	290	475	9,125	3,750	5,375
$30,000 to $39,999	550	220	325	7,235	3,245	3,990
$40,000 to $49,999	545	265	275	5,465	2,825	2,640
$50,000 to $59,999	400	235	165	3,820	2,315	1,500
$60,000 to $69,999	260	170	90	2,610	1,670	940
$70,000 to $79,999	230	140	90	1,880	1,230	650
$80,000 and over	415	310	105	3,445	2,555	885
$80,000 to $89,999	150	110	40	1,090	775	315
$90,000 to $99,999	100	75	20	675	480	195
$100,000 and over	165	120	40	1,675	1,300	375
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,335	2,100	2,230	51,065	24,425	26,645
Without employment income	1,010	400	610	16,270	6,890	9,380
With employment income	3,325	1,705	1,620	34,800	17,535	17,265
Percentage with employment income	76.7	81.2	72.6	68.1	71.8	64.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	360	170	195	6,780	3,140	3,640
$5,000 to $9,999	250	95	155	2,775	1,150	1,625
$10,000 to $19,999	340	155	185	4,610	1,865	2,750
$20,000 to $29,999	345	130	215	3,970	1,665	2,305
$30,000 to $39,999	340	135	205	3,565	1,535	2,030
$40,000 to $49,999	315	120	195	3,120	1,495	1,620
$50,000 to $59,999	300	160	140	2,305	1,275	1,030
$60,000 to $69,999	250	155	100	1,835	1,140	695
$70,000 to $79,999	175	120	60	1,505	1,000	500
$80,000 and over	640	465	170	4,335	3,275	1,055
$80,000 to $89,999	145	95	50	1,210	800	415
$90,000 to $99,999	150	95	55	805	580	225
$100,000 and over	340	275	70	2,315	1,900	420
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,245	...	...	26,180	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,848	...	...	64,780	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,915	...	...	57,565	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	685	...	...	7,465	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,357	...	...	30,812	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,016	...	...	28,115	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,560	...	...	18,710	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	98,976	...	...	83,274	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,906	...	...	72,930	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	92,004	...	...	82,261	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	77,717	...	...	69,670	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	685	...	...	7,480	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,500	...	...	40,327	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,634	...	...	34,742	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,560	...	...	18,700	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,055	...	...	99,035	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,498	...	...	83,642	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
Under $5,000	15	...	...	325	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	235	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	770	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1,190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	160	...	...	1,380	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	1,125	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	100	...	...	1,295	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	1,285	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	80	...	...	1,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75	...	...	1,220	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150	...	...	2,145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	150	...	...	1,890	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	135	...	...	1,680	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	155	...	...	1,610	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	1,390	...	...
$100,000 and over	830	...	...	7,465	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	275	...	...	2,670	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	195	...	...	1,705	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	220	...	...	1,770	...	...
$200,000 and over	145	...	...	1,320	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,245	...	...	26,180	...	...
Under $5,000	20	...	...	355	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	15	...	...	235	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	35	...	...	800	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	50	...	...	1,225	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	170	...	...	1,555	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	90	...	...	1,355	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	115	...	...	1,550	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	105	...	...	1,430	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	1,480	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	90	...	...	1,290	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	185	...	...	2,405	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...	2,065	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	195	...	...	2,025	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	155	...	...	1,610	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	155	...	...	1,420	...	...
$100,000 and over	595	...	...	5,370	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	245	...	...	2,355	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	160	...	...	1,325	...	...
$150,000 and over	190	...	...	1,695	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,505	...	...	17,900	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,922	...	...	82,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,995	...	...	72,373	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	615	...	...	9,045	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,146	...	...	75,684	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,574	...	...	66,733	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	605	...	...	5,895	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,160	...	...	111,979	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,936	...	...	96,591	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	250	...	...	2,515	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,424	...	...	47,347	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,584	...	...	43,738	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,490	...	...	17,915	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,504	...	...	98,694	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,577	...	...	83,224	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	625	...	...	9,020	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,649	...	...	90,866	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,576	...	...	76,822	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	615	...	...	5,870	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,535	...	...	129,385	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,751	...	...	107,551	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	220	...	...	2,525	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,447	...	...	56,843	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,462	...	...	50,298	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	950	460	490	10,280	4,555	5,730
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	36,736	43,477	31,936	29,009	30,571	28,043
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,280	38,112	29,408	26,656	27,685	26,112
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	945	450	495	10,215	4,520	5,695
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	47,926	58,565	38,327	37,714	40,657	35,377
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,607	47,916	34,012	32,581	34,564	31,007
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,450	2,620	2,825	59,720	28,825	30,890
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,365	1,065	1,305	31,150	14,345	16,795
In the bottom decile	375	160	215	5,955	2,835	3,120
In the second decile	500	205	290	6,575	2,795	3,775
In the third decile	490	225	265	6,410	2,920	3,490
In the fourth decile	470	230	240	5,890	2,815	3,075
In the fifth decile	535	245	290	6,325	2,985	3,335
In the top half of the distribution	3,080	1,560	1,520	28,570	14,480	14,095
In the sixth decile	655	325	330	5,915	2,935	2,975
In the seventh decile	625	315	315	5,980	3,040	2,945
In the eighth decile	635	310	325	5,940	3,010	2,930
In the ninth decile	620	325	295	5,590	2,845	2,745
In the top decile	555	290	265	5,140	2,645	2,500
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,450	2,625	2,825	56,315	27,195	29,120
0 to 17 years	1,330	625	705	10,300	5,240	5,060
0 to 5 years	505	230	275	3,065	1,610	1,450
18 to 64 years	3,330	1,660	1,670	33,370	16,040	17,330
65 years and over	790	340	455	12,645	5,910	6,735
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	560	230	330	7,920	3,535	4,385
0 to 17 years	180	85	95	1,765	920	840
0 to 5 years	75	30	45	540	305	235
18 to 64 years	265	115	150	4,415	1,985	2,430
65 years and over	110	30	85	1,745	630	1,115
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.3	8.8	11.7	14.1	13.0	15.1
0 to 17 years (%)	13.5	13.6	13.5	17.1	17.6	16.6
0 to 5 years (%)	14.9	13.0	16.4	17.6	18.9	16.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	6.9	9.0	13.2	12.4	14.0
65 years and over (%)	13.9	8.8	18.7	13.8	10.7	16.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	235	100	130	4,235	2,040	2,190
0 to 17 years	90	35	50	915	490	425
0 to 5 years	35	15	25	260	155	110
18 to 64 years	130	60	70	3,035	1,435	1,600
65 years and over	15	0	10	280	115	170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	3.8	4.6	7.5	7.5	7.5
0 to 17 years (%)	6.8	5.6	7.1	8.9	9.4	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	6.9	6.5	9.1	8.5	9.6	7.6
18 to 64 years (%)	3.9	3.6	4.2	9.1	8.9	9.2
65 years and over (%)	1.9	0.0	2.2	2.2	1.9	2.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,450	2,620	2,825	59,715	28,825	30,890
Official languages	5,445	2,615	2,825	59,425	28,700	30,725
English	5,425	2,610	2,810	59,425	28,700	30,725
French	1,080	505	570	3,845	1,575	2,270
Non-official languages	870	395	480	7,360	3,415	3,945
Aboriginal languages	120	45	75	190	60	130
Algonquian languages	115	45	70	15	0	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	50	70	20	0	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	60	25	35	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	0	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	10	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	145	60	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	10	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	125	50	80
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	750	350	405	7,170	3,360	3,815
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	20	0	95	45	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	20	0	70	35	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	20	0	65	35	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	55	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	120	55	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	305	150	155	335	85	250
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	0	20	20	0	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	25	10	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	30	10	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	140	150	285	75	215
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Creole languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	315	110	205	5,860	2,825	3,030
Albanian	0	0	0	60	30	40
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	65	135	1,400	640	760
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	195	60	135	1,400	635	760
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	40	30	15
Czech	0	0	0	100	55	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	15	150	65	85
Russian	15	10	10	780	355	430
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	45	20	30
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	180	65	120	305	130	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	2,690	1,355	1,335
Afrikaans	15	10	10	80	45	35
Danish	0	0	0	85	35	55
Dutch	0	0	0	415	225	185
Frisian	0	0	0	15	15	0
German	20	0	15	2,070	1,025	1,040
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Swedish	0	10	0	55	35	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	10	25	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	820	390	425
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	15	750	365	385
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	140	75	65
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	645	300	345
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Urdu	25	10	10	60	35	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	70	35	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	20	10	1,195	555	640
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	175	90	85
Portuguese	0	0	0	70	20	50
Romanian	10	0	10	35	20	20
Spanish	20	10	0	945	435	510
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	145	55	85
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	105	25	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	80	40	35	0	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	15	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	110	45	70
American Sign Language	0	0	0	65	15	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	30	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	15	0	280	135	145
Chinese languages	15	15	0	275	130	145
Cantonese	0	10	0	140	60	80
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	10	0	105	55	55
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	35	10	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	45	30	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	130	65	70
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	100	40	55
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	15	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,450	2,620	2,825	59,720	28,825	30,890
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,095	2,445	2,645	57,575	27,785	29,790
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,255	575	685	10,375	5,300	5,075
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,835	1,875	1,965	47,205	22,490	24,720
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	355	175	175	2,140	1,040	1,100
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,450	2,625	2,825	59,715	28,825	30,890
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,825	2,305	2,515	52,615	25,455	27,160
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	555	280	280	6,785	3,195	3,585
Before 1981	75	35	40	3,635	1,790	1,850
1981 to 1990	25	10	20	695	265	425
1991 to 2000	30	20	0	715	330	390
2001 to 2010	165	85	80	1,135	540	595
2001 to 2005	55	30	25	400	205	200
2006 to 2010	105	50	55	735	340	395
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	265	130	135	600	275	320
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	40	30	320	170	145
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	560	280	280	6,785	3,195	3,585
Under 5 years	70	40	35	880	410	470
5 to 14 years	90	50	40	1,260	610	650
15 to 24 years	115	60	55	1,740	800	940
25 to 44 years	250	105	140	2,480	1,190	1,290
45 years and over	40	20	15	415	185	230
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	555	275	280	6,785	3,195	3,580
Americas	85	45	40	910	390	515
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	15	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	20	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	65	30	35	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	40	15	30
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	0	10	700	295	405
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	75	40	40
Europe	70	35	40	4,065	2,015	2,055
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatia	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	10	0	0	50	25	25
Germany	10	10	0	780	385	400
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	75	35	40
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Italy	0	0	0	105	70	35
Netherlands	0	0	0	395	245	155
Poland	0	0	0	195	90	110
Portugal	0	0	0	25	10	20
Romania	10	0	0	30	15	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	95	30	65
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	90	45	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	10	20	1,535	715	820
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	605	300	305
Africa	90	45	50	225	120	110
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kenya	10	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	25	10	15	15	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	10	105	60	45
Other places of birth in Africa	50	25	25	60	30	30
Asia	310	160	155	1,335	545	790
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	180	65	120
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	25	10	10
India	10	10	0	360	180	175
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	45	15	30
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	55	15	40
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	75	20	55
Lebanon	10	10	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	95	40	50
Philippines	240	105	135	255	60	200
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	80	35	45
Other places of birth in Asia	25	15	10	120	75	55
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	250	135	115
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	265	130	135	595	275	320
Americas	40	25	15	55	20	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	25	15	0	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	10	0	10	205	120	85
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	80	50	35
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	95	55	40
Africa	40	20	20	25	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	10	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	10
Asia	175	80	95	270	95	175
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	10	0	0	55	30	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	0	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Philippines	155	70	85	100	20	80
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Australia	0	0	0	25	20	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,450	2,625	2,830	59,715	28,825	30,890
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	645	325	320	7,560	3,560	3,995
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	635	265	365	12,860	6,205	6,655
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,175	2,030	2,145	39,300	19,060	20,240
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	485	245	245	3,255	1,455	1,800
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	385	180	205	1,735	800	935
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	130	50	80	680	440	240
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	255	130	125	1,055	360	690
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	70	45	30	1,290	525	765
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	30	25	10	195	110	85
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,450	2,625	2,825	59,720	28,825	30,890
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	905	435	465	4,365	1,890	2,480
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	895	440	455	4,260	1,850	2,415
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	510	235	275	2,360	1,010	1,355
Métis	375	205	170	1,855	835	1,020
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	10	45	10	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	60	15	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,545	2,185	2,365	55,350	26,935	28,415
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,450	2,625	2,830	59,715	28,825	30,895
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	525	250	275	1,910	820	1,085
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,920	2,370	2,555	57,805	28,000	29,810
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,450	2,625	2,830	59,720	28,825	30,890
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	480	210	275	1,115	525	590
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	450	195	255	1,105	515	585
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	315	140	175	855	415	445
Métis single ancestry	135	55	75	220	105	120
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	25	0	25
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	10	20	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	10	20	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	485	245	235	3,665	1,605	2,060
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	460	240	220	3,505	1,535	1,970
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	240	130	105	2,115	895	1,220
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	215	105	110	1,365	625	745
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	25	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	0	15	155	70	90
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	150	70	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,480	2,165	2,320	54,940	26,695	28,240
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,450	2,625	2,825	59,715	28,825	30,890
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	660	350	315	3,005	1,345	1,660
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	35	20	20	880	420	460
Chinese	40	35	0	500	245	255
Black	195	95	95	160	95	70
Filipino	325	165	165	375	110	265
Latin American	0	0	0	175	70	110
Arab	20	20	0	70	40	30
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	0	0	215	105	115
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	50	20	30
Korean	0	0	0	120	40	85
Japanese	0	0	0	390	175	220
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	0	25	50	20	30
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,785	2,275	2,515	56,715	27,480	29,235
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,450	2,620	2,825	59,715	28,825	30,895
North American Aboriginal origins	965	455	510	4,780	2,130	2,650
First Nations (North American Indian)	605	295	320	3,135	1,385	1,750
Inuit	10	0	10	55	20	40
Métis	410	185	225	1,760	800	955
Other North American origins	1,335	625	705	15,340	7,440	7,900
Acadian	15	10	10	35	20	20
American	90	35	60	1,305	655	650
Canadian	1,235	580	660	14,430	7,025	7,405
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	20	0	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,730	1,815	1,910	49,840	24,085	25,760
British Isles origins	1,565	770	795	32,910	15,780	17,125
Channel Islander	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	835	405	435	20,480	9,830	10,650
Irish	600	295	300	10,905	5,105	5,805
Manx	10	0	10	0	10	0
Scottish	605	295	310	13,895	6,740	7,155
Welsh	75	45	30	1,930	875	1,055
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	60	20	40	1,655	755	905
French origins	1,455	730	720	7,195	3,240	3,955
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,450	730	725	7,175	3,235	3,940
Western European origins (except French origins)	860	395	460	17,885	8,670	9,220
Austrian	35	15	25	1,135	535	605
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	20	0	15	370	180	190
Dutch	105	55	45	4,055	1,975	2,080
Flemish	10	0	10	35	25	15
Frisian	0	0	0	10	10	0
German	670	290	380	13,405	6,425	6,980
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	60	40	15	615	315	295
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	250	105	150	6,300	2,935	3,365
Danish	45	15	30	975	475	495
Finnish	20	10	0	430	185	240
Icelandic	10	0	10	480	235	245
Norwegian	140	60	85	2,785	1,335	1,450
Swedish	35	20	10	1,875	830	1,040
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	10	10	375	170	200
Eastern European origins	1,565	720	850	11,620	5,410	6,210
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Czech	20	0	20	365	155	215
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	25	15	10	165	80	85
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	35
Hungarian	50	30	25	825	365	455
Latvian	0	0	0	35	10	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Moldovan	0	0	10	55	20	35
Polish	430	180	245	2,745	1,315	1,430
Romanian	75	35	35	490	235	250
Russian	35	10	25	2,760	1,275	1,485
Slovak	0	0	10	150	65	80
Ukrainian	1,310	590	720	5,835	2,710	3,120
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Southern European origins	135	65	70	2,970	1,545	1,425
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	175	100	80
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	10	30	140	85	55
Italian	50	20	35	1,920	1,050	870
Kosovar	0	0	0	40	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	185	80	115
Serbian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	0	30
Spanish	20	20	0	365	160	205
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	85	50	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	10	0	0	395	210	180
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	125	70	55
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	0	245	130	120
Caribbean origins	85	35	45	85	30	55
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	85	40	45	50	20	25
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	455	245	210
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	40	25	10
Colombian	10	0	10	50	35	20
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mexican	0	0	0	200	115	80
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	20	0	15
African origins	140	65	80	330	170	165
Central and West African origins	95	40	55	65	35	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	25	10	15	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	10	10	0	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	15	30	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	10	0	10
North African origins	0	10	0	35	20	15
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	40	25	20	95	35	55
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Burundian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	75	35	40
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	25	0	20	145	85	60
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	10	65	35	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	0	10	80	50	30
Asian origins	455	250	210	2,965	1,325	1,635
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40	25	15	325	145	180
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	15	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	115	45	70
Iraqi	10	10	0	25	10	10
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	10	0	55	35	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	35	20	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	35	15	15	880	425	450
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	15	10	0	700	355	350
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	115	50	70
Punjabi	20	10	15	80	35	40
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	385	205	180	1,770	760	1,010
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese	70	55	15	570	310	260
Filipino	340	165	170	385	120	265
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	455	200	255
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	125	40	85
Laotian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	10	10	0	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	50	30	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	150	75	80
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	435	215	220
Australian	0	0	0	275	150	120
New Zealander	0	0	0	100	40	55
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	70	30	40
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Maori	0	0	0	15	15	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
Owner	1,480	...	...	19,560	...	...
Renter	770	...	...	6,605	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
Condominium	100	...	...	4,280	...	...
Not condominium	2,150	...	...	21,900	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,245	...	...	26,180	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	130	...	...
1 bedroom	185	...	...	2,295	...	...
2 bedrooms	410	...	...	7,330	...	...
3 bedrooms	670	...	...	7,900	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	975	...	...	8,525	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	470	...	...	5,785	...	...
5 rooms	405	...	...	3,730	...	...
6 rooms	265	...	...	3,705	...	...
7 rooms	275	...	...	3,505	...	...
8 or more rooms	840	...	...	9,460	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,245	...	...	26,180	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,195	...	...	26,040	...	...
More than 1 person per room	55	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,245	...	...	26,180	...	...
Suitable	2,175	...	...	25,575	...	...
Not suitable	70	...	...	605	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
1960 or before	275	...	...	3,090	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,125	...	...	9,095	...	...
1981 to 1990	245	...	...	3,530	...	...
1991 to 2000	255	...	...	5,090	...	...
2001 to 2005	135	...	...	1,820	...	...
2006 to 2010	130	...	...	2,340	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	85	...	...	1,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,100	...	...	24,715	...	...
Major repairs needed	155	...	...	1,465	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,245	...	...	26,180	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,390	...	...	14,960	...	...
2 household maintainers	780	...	...	10,670	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	75	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,250	...	...	26,180	...	...
15 to 24 years	145	...	...	470	...	...
25 to 34 years	435	...	...	2,485	...	...
35 to 44 years	375	...	...	3,590	...	...
45 to 54 years	305	...	...	4,665	...	...
55 to 64 years	400	...	...	5,800	...	...
65 to 74 years	290	...	...	4,975	...	...
75 to 84 years	210	...	...	3,175	...	...
85 years and over	95	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,235	...	...	24,215	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,780	...	...	18,330	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	455	...	...	5,890	...	...
30% to less than 100%	420	...	...	5,250	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,475	...	...	17,845	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.3	...	...	56.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.2	...	...	15.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,079	...	...	935	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,202	...	...	1,142	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	289,789	...	...	399,896	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	305,564	...	...	449,744	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	770	...	...	6,400	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.1	...	...	9.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.5	...	...	47.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,041	...	...	926	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,072	...	...	1,006	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,330	2,110	2,220	51,065	24,435	26,630
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,000	460	530	8,955	4,465	4,495
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,300	630	665	15,710	7,415	8,290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,035	1,020	1,020	26,400	12,560	13,840
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	515	410	105	6,110	4,485	1,620
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	145	95	50	2,435	1,345	1,095
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	370	320	50	3,670	3,140	530
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	685	265	415	11,020	3,920	7,100
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	100	30	75	1,460	555	910
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	740	310	430	7,810	3,600	4,215
Bachelor's degree	610	245	370	5,170	2,280	2,890
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	45	15	30	620	275	335
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	10	330	235	95
Master's degree	60	40	25	1,535	695	840
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	160	110	45
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,835	1,435	1,400	30,760	14,625	16,135
No certificate, diploma or degree	335	185	150	3,150	1,725	1,425
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	895	405	485	9,150	4,485	4,670
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,610	840	770	18,460	8,420	10,040
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	375	310	60	3,870	2,875	995
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	95	60	35	1,485	805	675
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	280	250	30	2,385	2,065	320
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	545	235	310	7,900	2,735	5,165
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	75	25	50	985	355	630
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	615	270	345	5,700	2,455	3,250
Bachelor's degree	500	205	300	3,755	1,565	2,200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	35	10	25	440	200	235
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	20	10	255	170	90
Master's degree	50	40	15	1,145	455	695
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	105	70	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,330	2,110	2,225	51,065	24,435	26,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,290	1,090	1,200	24,670	11,880	12,790
Education	280	95	185	2,340	715	1,625
13. Education	275	90	185	2,340	715	1,620
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	10	15	885	405	485
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	195	150	45
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	695	250	445
Humanities	65	20	40	925	365	565
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	55	10	40
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	220	60	160
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	0	20	225	55	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	35	20	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	255	140	115
54. History	10	0	0	110	75	35
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	145	40	110	2,045	630	1,415
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	45	10	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	125	40	85
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	10	40	530	50	485
22. Legal professions and studies	20	0	15	350	90	265
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	15
42. Psychology	30	0	25	395	120	270
45. Social sciences	45	25	15	575	325	250
Business, management and public administration	340	110	225	4,865	1,625	3,240
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	45	15	35	390	100	290
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	295	105	190	4,470	1,525	2,945
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	0	15	710	390	320
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	290	140	150
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	185	95	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	180	145	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	0	565	315	255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	25	0	465	290	180
25. Library science	0	0	0	60	10	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	15	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	530	505	25	6,055	5,735	320
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	110	85	25
14. Engineering	30	30	0	515	465	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	35	35	10	1,035	905	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	150	140	10	1,905	1,850	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225	215	10	1,750	1,705	45
48. Precision production	80	80	0	740	720	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	50	25	900	615	285
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	35	25	485	270	205
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	25	0	420	345	75
Health and related fields	360	85	280	5,275	935	4,335
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	10	305	145	160
51. Health professions and related programs	345	75	265	4,885	735	4,155
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	85	55	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	180	70	100	1,835	825	1,005
12. Personal and culinary services	95	10	80	1,260	325	935
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	50	35	20	150	120	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	415	380	40
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,835	1,430	1,405	30,760	14,625	16,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,230	595	635	12,300	6,210	6,095
Education	200	60	140	1,420	355	1,070
13. Education	200	60	140	1,420	355	1,070
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	10	635	255	385
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	0	140	105	35
50. Visual and performing arts	20	10	0	495	150	350
Humanities	45	15	35	600	235	370
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	10	40	10	30
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	130	25	95
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	15	160	45	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	165	90	70
54. History	10	0	0	70	40	30
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	125	30	95	1,575	465	1,105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	35	10	35
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	10	110	30	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	10	40	360	30	330
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	10	290	60	230
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	0	20
42. Psychology	25	10	20	320	115	205
45. Social sciences	30	20	0	440	235	210
Business, management and public administration	285	105	180	3,495	1,120	2,375
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	10	35	355	90	260
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	240	95	145	3,140	1,030	2,110
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	0	10	490	275	220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	210	100	115
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	135	75	65
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	120	100	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	25	20	0	470	275	195
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	20	20	10	415	260	150
25. Library science	0	0	0	30	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	0	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	430	405	25	3,910	3,655	260
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	80	55	25
14. Engineering	30	25	10	315	275	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	30	25	10	670	570	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	135	125	10	1,245	1,200	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	155	150	0	1,125	1,090	35
48. Precision production	70	70	0	480	460	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	60	40	20	700	470	230
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	25	20	360	195	165
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	345	270	70
Health and related fields	270	85	185	3,800	720	3,080
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	240	115	125
51. Health professions and related programs	255	75	180	3,500	575	2,925
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	55	30	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	145	70	75	1,355	600	750
12. Personal and culinary services	65	10	55	940	245	700
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	30	15	115	90	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	25	0	295	270	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,335	2,110	2,220	51,065	24,440	26,630
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,295	1,090	1,200	24,670	11,875	12,790
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,035	1,015	1,020	26,395	12,560	13,840
Location of study inside Canada	1,735	885	850	23,410	11,030	12,380
Same as province or territory of residence	1,420	735	685	16,325	7,670	8,650
Different than province or territory of residence	315	150	165	7,085	3,360	3,730
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	300	135	170	2,990	1,525	1,460
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	0	835	435	405
Philippines	160	65	95	175	40	130
India	10	0	0	70	40	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	570	300	265
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	0
France	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other	90	35	55	1,305	700	610
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,840	1,435	1,405	30,760	14,630	16,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,230	595	635	12,300	6,210	6,095
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,605	840	770	18,460	8,415	10,040
Location of study inside Canada	1,340	710	630	16,610	7,555	9,055
Same as province or territory of residence	1,090	585	505	12,035	5,440	6,600
Different than province or territory of residence	255	130	130	4,575	2,115	2,455
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	265	125	140	1,855	865	985
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	10	520	240	280
Philippines	140	60	80	170	35	130
India	10	10	0	40	20	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	305	170	140
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	15	0
France	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other	85	35	50	780	390	390
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,335	2,110	2,220	51,070	24,435	26,630
In the labour force	3,055	1,625	1,435	29,490	15,130	14,355
Employed	2,765	1,430	1,330	27,260	13,765	13,490
Unemployed	290	190	100	2,230	1,365	865
Not in the labour force	1,280	490	790	21,575	9,300	12,275
Participation rate	70.5	77.0	64.6	57.7	61.9	53.9
Employment rate	63.8	67.8	59.9	53.4	56.3	50.7
Unemployment rate	9.5	11.7	7.0	7.6	9.0	6.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,335	2,110	2,225	51,070	24,435	26,630
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,155	425	730	19,565	8,440	11,125
Worked	3,180	1,685	1,490	31,500	15,995	15,505
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,340	705	635	13,610	7,745	5,865
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,840	980	860	17,895	8,245	9,645
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	40.7	41.0	40.8	41.1	40.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,055	1,620	1,430	29,485	15,135	14,355
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	10	10	410	225	180
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,035	1,615	1,420	29,075	14,905	14,175
Employee	2,690	1,370	1,315	24,600	12,325	12,270
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	345	245	100	4,485	2,575	1,910
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,050	1,620	1,435	29,485	15,135	14,360
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	20	10	15	410	225	180
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,035	1,615	1,420	29,080	14,900	14,175
0 Management occupations	265	155	110	2,820	1,720	1,100
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	330	85	250	3,985	1,035	2,955
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	55	30	25	1,605	1,290	320
3 Health occupations	285	75	205	2,625	545	2,075
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	455	130	320	2,940	900	2,045
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	25	20	15	635	265	370
6 Sales and service occupations	750	315	430	7,270	2,720	4,545
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	625	585	40	4,870	4,560	310
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	160	145	15	1,115	845	270
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	80	75	10	1,210	1,030	175
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,055	1,620	1,430	29,485	15,130	14,355
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	25	10	10	410	230	180
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,030	1,610	1,415	29,080	14,905	14,175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	30	20	910	585	330
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	300	280	20	440	385	60
22 Utilities	15	15	0	260	210	50
23 Construction	235	215	20	2,770	2,400	370
31-33 Manufacturing	65	60	10	2,275	1,825	455
41 Wholesale trade	50	45	10	735	545	195
44-45 Retail trade	460	225	230	4,100	1,860	2,240
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	80	60	20	1,035	805	230
51 Information and cultural industries	50	35	15	355	190	165
52 Finance and insurance	50	10	35	790	260	525
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	35	20	15	545	260	290
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	95	45	40	1,835	970	865
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	70	40	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	75	65	15	1,305	705	600
61 Educational services	275	100	175	1,785	585	1,200
62 Health care and social assistance	525	95	425	4,160	780	3,380
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	55	40	15	815	410	400
72 Accommodation and food services	200	90	110	2,520	985	1,535
81 Other services (except public administration)	205	85	120	1,415	620	795
91 Public administration	215	105	110	950	505	445
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,760	1,430	1,335	27,255	13,765	13,495
Worked at home	130	50	80	2,435	1,100	1,345
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	100	75	30
No fixed workplace address	470	390	80	3,800	2,830	965
Worked at usual place	2,155	985	1,170	20,920	9,770	11,150
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,155	985	1,170	20,920	9,765	11,150
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,805	765	1,040	11,025	4,450	6,570
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	275	175	105	7,475	3,765	3,715
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	65	45	25	2,075	1,285	790
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	0	340	265	80
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,625	1,375	1,250	24,715	12,600	12,120
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,130	1,140	985	20,500	10,370	10,125
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	200	80	115	1,435	750	680
Public transit	10	10	0	340	190	155
Walked	255	130	125	1,450	620	830
Bicycle	25	15	10	315	220	85
Other method	15	0	10	670	445	235
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,620	1,375	1,250	24,715	12,595	12,120
Less than 15 minutes	1,845	840	1,005	12,165	5,310	6,855
15 to 29 minutes	335	185	145	8,030	4,295	3,740
30 to 44 minutes	190	140	50	2,465	1,570	895
45 to 59 minutes	100	75	30	1,075	695	380
60 minutes and over	155	130	25	975	725	250
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,625	1,375	1,250	24,715	12,595	12,120
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	155	135	15	1,630	1,240	390
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	340	250	85	4,340	2,825	1,515
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	790	405	385	6,840	3,450	3,390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	850	330	525	5,485	2,195	3,295
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	210	100	115	2,610	905	1,705
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	275	155	125	3,810	1,980	1,830
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	3,275	1,735	1,540	32,575	16,555	16,020
Single responses	3,245	1,720	1,520	32,485	16,520	15,965
Official languages	3,245	1,720	1,525	32,345	16,445	15,895
English	3,200	1,705	1,490	32,265	16,435	15,830
French	50	10	35	80	10	70
Non-official languages	0	0	0	140	70	65
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	125	70	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	90	60	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	25	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	50	25	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	15	15	95	40	55
English and French	15	15	10	15	0	15
English and non-official language	15	0	10	75	35	40
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	3,275	1,740	1,535	32,575	16,555	16,020
None	3,015	1,610	1,405	31,895	16,255	15,640
English	35	10	30	135	40	90
French	160	80	85	195	80	115
Non-official language	60	35	25	340	175	170
Aboriginal	25	15	15	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	35	25	10	330	175	160
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,365	2,580	2,785	59,150	28,565	30,590
Non-movers	4,260	2,040	2,220	50,240	24,250	25,995
Movers	1,105	535	565	8,910	4,315	4,600
Non-migrants	550	265	285	4,725	2,205	2,520
Migrants	550	270	280	4,185	2,110	2,080
Internal migrants	500	255	240	3,860	1,945	1,915
Intraprovincial migrants	425	215	215	2,530	1,305	1,230
Interprovincial migrants	70	45	25	1,330	645	685
External migrants	55	15	35	325	165	165
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	5,005	2,420	2,580	57,135	27,455	29,680
Non-movers	2,630	1,235	1,390	33,875	16,230	17,645
Movers	2,370	1,185	1,190	23,255	11,225	12,035
Non-migrants	970	475	490	11,635	5,555	6,080
Migrants	1,405	710	695	11,625	5,670	5,950
Internal migrants	1,105	545	555	10,700	5,210	5,490
Intraprovincial migrants	800	390	410	6,725	3,330	3,395
Interprovincial migrants	305	155	145	3,975	1,885	2,095
External migrants	300	165	140	925	460	465

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. St. Paul, T [Census subdivision], Alberta and Vernon [Census agglomeration], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Paul, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Vernon [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census St. Paul, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Vernon [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
St. Paul, Town [Census subdivision], Alberta and Vernon [Census agglomeration], British Columbia