Census Profile, 2016 Census
Wood Buffalo, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Wood Buffalo, SM Alberta [Census subdivision]			Cottlesville, T Newfoundland and Labrador [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Wood Buffalo, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : Wood Buffalo, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	71,589	...	...	271	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	65,565	...	...	272	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	9.2	...	...	-0.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	30,713	...	...	148	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	25,659	...	...	122	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.2	...	...	24.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	61,777.65	...	...	11.17	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	71,590	38,555	33,040	275	140	130
0 to 14 years	14,195	7,330	6,865	35	20	15
0 to 4 years	5,950	3,075	2,875	25	10	10
5 to 9 years	4,655	2,370	2,285	10	10	0
10 to 14 years	3,595	1,885	1,710	5	5	0
15 to 64 years	55,440	30,150	25,290	165	90	80
15 to 19 years	3,460	1,850	1,605	10	0	5
20 to 24 years	4,535	2,350	2,185	5	5	0
25 to 29 years	7,765	3,995	3,770	10	10	5
30 to 34 years	8,790	4,680	4,115	10	5	5
35 to 39 years	7,165	3,810	3,355	10	10	5
40 to 44 years	5,945	3,315	2,630	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	5,425	2,980	2,445	35	20	15
50 to 54 years	5,430	3,075	2,350	20	10	10
55 to 59 years	4,470	2,635	1,835	20	15	10
60 to 64 years	2,460	1,455	1,000	20	10	15
65 years and over	1,955	1,070	885	70	30	40
65 to 69 years	1,060	620	435	25	15	10
70 to 74 years	410	225	190	25	10	20
75 to 79 years	250	135	120	10	0	5
80 to 84 years	150	55	95	5	0	0
85 years and over	80	40	40	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	70	35	30	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	10	5	10	0	5	0
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.8	19.0	20.8	12.7	14.3	11.5
15 to 64 years	77.4	78.2	76.5	60.0	64.3	61.5
65 years and over	2.7	2.8	2.7	25.5	21.4	30.8
85 years and over	0.1	0.1	0.1	1.8	3.6	0.0
Average age of the population	33.1	33.7	32.3	47.3	45.8	48.8
Median age of the population	33.2	33.9	32.4	50.3	49.2	52.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	25,660	...	...	120	...	...
Single-detached house	12,835	...	...	110	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	580	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,695	...	...	10	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,225	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	2,810	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	420	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5,235	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	2,550	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	25,660	...	...	125	...	...
1 person	5,945	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	7,440	...	...	55	...	...
3 persons	4,685	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	4,170	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	3,425	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	71,480	...	...	270	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	57,390	31,220	26,175	235	120	115
Married or living common law	34,035	17,590	16,450	165	85	85
Married	27,875	14,495	13,375	150	75	75
Living common law	6,160	3,090	3,070	15	5	5
Not married and not living common law	23,360	13,640	9,725	70	35	35
Never married	19,055	11,435	7,620	40	25	10
Separated	1,695	1,025	670	5	0	5
Divorced	1,950	1,025	925	10	5	5
Widowed	650	155	500	20	0	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	17,760	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	7,745	...	...	60	...	...
3 persons	4,255	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	3,855	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,905	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	17,760	...	...	95	...	...
Total couple families	15,130	...	...	80	...	...
Married couples	12,055	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	3,080	...	...	10	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,625	...	...	10	...	...
Female parent	1,700	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	925	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	15,135	...	...	85	...	...
Couples without children	6,230	...	...	50	...	...
Couples with children	8,905	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	3,500	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	3,630	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	1,775	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,625	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	1,520	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	755	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	355	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,490	11,165	6,330	40	20	20
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	25,660	...	...	120	...	...
One-census-family households	15,895	...	...	90	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,535	...	...	50	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,360	...	...	40	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	905	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,860	...	...	30	...	...
One-person households	5,945	...	...	30	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,910	...	...	0	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	71,545	38,530	33,015	270	140	130
English only	65,735	35,545	30,190	265	140	125
French only	150	70	80	0	0	0
English and French	5,040	2,630	2,415	5	5	5
Neither English nor French	625	290	335	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	71,550	38,535	33,015	270	140	135
English	68,685	36,965	31,720	270	140	130
French	1,870	1,070	800	0	0	0
English and French	395	225	175	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	595	270	320	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,070	1,180	885	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.9	3.1	2.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	71,545	38,530	33,015	270	140	130
Single responses	70,335	37,885	32,445	275	135	130
Official languages	55,890	30,435	25,455	270	140	135
English	54,020	29,385	24,635	270	140	130
French	1,880	1,055	825	0	0	0
Non-official languages	14,445	7,450	6,990	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	465	215	250	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	290	130	160	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	270	120	150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	255	110	140	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	165	75	90	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	165	80	90	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	160	75	85	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	5	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,975	7,240	6,740	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,665	1,610	1,060	0	0	0
Berber languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	5	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	800	525	275	0	0	0
Bilen	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oromo	60	25	35	0	0	0
Somali	730	485	240	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,845	1,070	775	0	0	0
Amharic	455	270	185	0	0	0
Arabic	1,270	725	545	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	90	55	35	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	25	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,195	1,360	1,835	0	0	0
Bikol	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	80	35	45	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	5	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	75	25	45	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,920	1,245	1,670	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	50	30	20	0	0	0
Creole languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	360	200	160	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	150	80	70	0	0	0
Tamil	125	70	50	0	0	0
Telugu	70	35	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,710	3,035	2,680	0	0	0
Albanian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	570	285	280	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	550	280	270	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	135	75	60	0	0	0
Russian	160	75	85	0	0	0
Serbian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	410	230	180	0	0	0
Afrikaans	165	80	90	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	70	45	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	155	95	55	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,595	1,940	1,655	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,365	1,805	1,560	0	0	0
Bengali	240	130	110	0	0	0
Gujarati	1,070	575	500	0	0	0
Hindi	415	225	190	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	70	40	30	0	0	0
Nepali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	425	250	175	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	50	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	1,035	540	495	0	0	0
Iranian languages	215	120	90	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	75	45	35	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	125	75	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,085	545	540	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	130	65	70	0	0	0
Romanian	115	60	50	0	0	0
Spanish	805	400	405	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Georgian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Korean	160	75	80	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	790	410	380	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ewe	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	5	0	0	0
Igbo	50	25	25	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Shona	115	60	55	0	0	0
Swahili	70	45	30	0	0	0
Wolof	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	100	50	50	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	285	140	145	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	80	60	15	0	0	0
Dinka	35	30	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	45	35	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	685	340	345	0	0	0
Chinese languages	675	335	340	0	0	0
Cantonese	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	335	165	170	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	195	100	95	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	5	45	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	40	0	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,210	645	570	0	0	0
English and French	140	70	75	0	0	0
English and non-official language	970	510	455	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	45	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	71,550	38,530	33,015	270	140	130
Single responses	69,300	37,365	31,935	270	140	130
Official languages	60,845	32,895	27,955	275	140	130
English	59,820	32,305	27,515	270	140	135
French	1,030	590	435	0	0	0
Non-official languages	8,450	4,470	3,980	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	145	60	90	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	80	35	50	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	80	30	55	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	80	30	50	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	65	25	35	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	65	30	40	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,300	4,410	3,890	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,845	1,085	760	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	570	370	205	0	0	0
Bilen	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oromo	35	20	20	0	0	0
Somali	530	350	185	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,265	715	555	0	0	0
Amharic	315	185	135	0	0	0
Arabic	865	480	385	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	80	45	30	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,570	750	820	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,485	715	775	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	265	135	125	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	45	45	0	0	0
Tamil	100	55	45	0	0	0
Telugu	65	35	35	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,535	1,860	1,680	0	0	0
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	255	135	120	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	250	135	115	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	15	0	0	0
Russian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Serbian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Afrikaans	105	50	55	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,505	1,315	1,185	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,345	1,235	1,115	0	0	0
Bengali	145	75	75	0	0	0
Gujarati	795	420	380	0	0	0
Hindi	305	170	140	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	50	25	20	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	270	150	115	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Urdu	715	360	355	0	0	0
Iranian languages	150	80	70	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	60	30	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	85	50	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	620	325	300	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	70	30	35	0	0	0
Romanian	65	40	30	0	0	0
Spanish	490	255	235	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Georgian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Korean	110	55	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	375	195	180	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	20	10	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Shona	75	35	40	0	0	0
Swahili	35	30	10	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	145	70	75	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	50	35	10	0	0	0
Dinka	20	15	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	20	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	405	210	195	0	0	0
Chinese languages	400	210	195	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	30	25	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	220	115	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	60	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	20	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,250	1,165	1,085	0	0	0
English and French	125	65	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,035	1,045	995	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	40	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	71,545	38,535	33,015	270	140	130
None	63,395	34,380	29,020	270	140	130
English	3,475	1,820	1,655	0	0	0
French	780	415	370	0	0	0
Non-official language	3,760	1,855	1,905	0	0	0
Aboriginal	325	160	165	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,435	1,695	1,740	0	0	0
English and French	20	10	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	35	35	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	57,285	31,170	26,115	235	120	120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,170	29,805	24,360	230	115	110
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	77,481	120,290	45,342	20,203	30,272	17,152
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,175	29,805	24,365	230	120	110
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	63,100	92,367	39,913	19,648	28,096	16,832
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	50,800	29,155	21,645	165	95	70
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	83,308	122,723	49,306	16,384	26,048	10,464
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,790	8,565	15,225	205	105	105
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,358	1,800	2,641	11,904	13,216	10,160
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,595	28,375	20,225	130	85	50
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	85,175	123,008	51,226	20,224	30,880	12,256
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	57,285	31,170	26,115	210	120	85
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,220	29,890	24,330	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	99,577	131,166	60,773	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,230	29,885	24,345	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	75,377	97,085	48,723	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	50,915	29,240	21,670	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	103,586	132,555	64,499	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	23,480	8,450	15,030	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,333	5,245	5,383	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,595	28,405	20,190	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	103,047	130,182	64,871	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	57,285	31,165	26,115	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	30,295	19,440	10,855	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	106,624	138,794	69,463	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	121,966	144,017	82,474	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	97.7	98.9	94.5	70.6	78.2	47.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	93.2	94.9	88.9	64.2	73.8	39.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	2.3	1.1	5.5	29.0	21.3	50.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	57,285	31,165	26,115	235	115	120
Without total income	3,115	1,360	1,755	5	0	5
With total income	54,170	29,805	24,365	230	115	110
Percentage with total income	94.6	95.6	93.3	97.9	100.0	91.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,610	1,810	4,805	30	5	25
$10,000 to $19,999	3,645	1,325	2,325	80	30	50
$20,000 to $29,999	3,375	1,125	2,250	40	20	20
$30,000 to $39,999	3,050	1,195	1,855	20	10	5
$40,000 to $49,999	2,875	1,055	1,815	15	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	2,885	1,170	1,720	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,820	1,235	1,585	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,390	1,165	1,225	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,175	1,105	1,070	5	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,205	1,235	970	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	22,135	17,385	4,745	15	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	8,240	5,445	2,795	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	13,890	11,945	1,950	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	57,285	31,170	26,120	235	120	115
Without after-tax income	3,115	1,360	1,755	5	0	5
With after-tax income	54,175	29,805	24,365	230	120	110
Percentage with after-tax income	94.6	95.6	93.3	97.9	100.0	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,670	1,830	4,845	35	5	30
$10,000 to $19,999	3,865	1,400	2,470	80	30	55
$20,000 to $29,999	3,970	1,340	2,630	50	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	3,735	1,480	2,260	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	4,050	1,600	2,450	10	10	0
$50,000 to $59,999	3,770	1,695	2,075	15	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	3,260	1,600	1,655	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	3,050	1,770	1,285	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	21,805	17,100	4,705	15	15	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,980	1,815	1,165	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,415	1,590	825	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	16,410	13,700	2,715	10	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	57,285	31,170	26,115	235	115	115
Without employment income	8,690	2,795	5,890	105	35	65
With employment income	48,595	28,375	20,225	130	80	50
Percentage with employment income	84.8	91.0	77.4	55.3	69.6	43.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,865	1,070	1,800	20	10	10
$5,000 to $9,999	1,730	635	1,090	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	3,110	1,175	1,930	25	10	15
$20,000 to $29,999	2,815	1,005	1,805	15	10	5
$30,000 to $39,999	2,780	1,105	1,675	10	5	0
$40,000 to $49,999	2,625	1,010	1,615	5	0	0
$50,000 to $59,999	2,625	1,075	1,555	5	5	0
$60,000 to $69,999	2,510	1,085	1,420	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	2,185	1,060	1,120	5	5	5
$80,000 and over	25,355	19,150	6,205	20	20	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,065	1,110	960	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,075	1,180	895	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	21,210	16,860	4,345	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	25,660	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	195,570	...	...	46,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	148,236	...	...	45,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,945	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	106,035	...	...	20,096	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	82,832	...	...	19,840	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	19,715	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	221,359	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	168,550	...	...	54,144	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	25,655	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	210,417	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	159,314	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,780	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	128,984	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	95,456	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	20,880	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	229,063	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	173,935	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	25,660	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	440	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	185	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	245	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	270	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	220	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	225	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	255	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	215	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	290	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	510	...	...	10	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	620	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	530	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	625	...	...	5	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	605	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	20,255	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,780	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,770	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,290	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	12,410	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	25,660	...	...	120	...	...
Under $5,000	445	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	180	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	265	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	280	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	260	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	285	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	280	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	350	...	...	5	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	335	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	760	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	750	...	...	5	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	860	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	940	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	910	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	18,575	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,720	...	...	5	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,260	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	12,600	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	17,585	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	214,357	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	162,786	...	...	54,144	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,400	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	209,554	...	...	44,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	158,672	...	...	41,344	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,900	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	231,534	...	...	92,416	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	174,773	...	...	80,384	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,255	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	120,192	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	98,194	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	19,415	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	221,322	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	167,647	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,720	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	216,808	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	163,092	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,895	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	237,076	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	179,549	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,870	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	143,971	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	112,005	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	13,820	8,990	4,825	35	15	15
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	83,146	102,940	59,238	20,032	0	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	66,589	79,833	49,616	19,648	0	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	10,690	7,380	3,305	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	103,071	114,965	76,511	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	77,900	85,696	60,491	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	71,480	38,495	32,985	275	140	130
In the bottom half of the distribution	11,420	5,550	5,870	180	90	85
In the bottom decile	3,530	1,805	1,725	30	15	10
In the second decile	1,860	815	1,045	70	30	40
In the third decile	1,805	855	955	30	20	10
In the fourth decile	1,860	915	945	25	15	10
In the fifth decile	2,370	1,155	1,215	25	15	10
In the top half of the distribution	60,060	32,950	27,110	95	50	45
In the sixth decile	2,810	1,435	1,380	25	10	15
In the seventh decile	3,700	1,880	1,820	25	15	10
In the eighth decile	5,840	3,075	2,765	15	10	5
In the ninth decile	11,045	5,875	5,165	20	10	10
In the top decile	36,660	20,685	15,975	15	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	71,480	38,495	32,980	270	140	135
0 to 17 years	16,265	8,445	7,820	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	6,950	3,560	3,385	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	53,335	29,025	24,315	160	85	75
65 years and over	1,880	1,030	845	70	30	35
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,175	1,565	1,610	75	35	35
0 to 17 years	1,050	560	490	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	445	220	230	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	1,985	940	1,045	40	20	15
65 years and over	135	65	75	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	4.4	4.1	4.9	27.8	25.0	25.9
0 to 17 years (%)	6.5	6.6	6.3	37.5	50.0	33.3
0 to 5 years (%)	6.4	6.2	6.8	20.0	33.3	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	3.7	3.2	4.3	25.0	23.5	20.0
65 years and over (%)	7.2	6.3	8.9	35.7	33.3	42.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,155	1,635	1,520	10	5	5
0 to 17 years	795	415	375	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	310	150	160	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,280	1,175	1,105	10	5	5
65 years and over	80	45	35	0	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.2	4.6	3.7	3.6	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	4.9	4.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	4.5	4.2	4.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	4.3	4.0	4.5	6.3	5.9	6.7
65 years and over (%)	4.3	4.4	4.1	0.0	0.0	14.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	71,475	38,495	32,985	245	150	100
Official languages	70,855	38,205	32,650	245	145	95
English	70,750	38,155	32,595	245	150	95
French	5,125	2,700	2,430	0	0	0
Non-official languages	18,635	9,515	9,125	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	795	360	430	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	575	265	310	0	0	0
Blackfoot	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	535	250	280	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	495	240	260	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	225	95	125	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	225	95	125	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	225	100	125	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	10	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	17,855	9,155	8,695	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	3,240	1,930	1,315	0	0	0
Berber languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kabyle	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	625	400	225	0	0	0
Bilen	30	25	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	595	380	220	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	2,640	1,535	1,100	0	0	0
Amharic	545	320	225	0	0	0
Arabic	1,830	1,035	795	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	240	170	70	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	25	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	4,465	1,955	2,505	0	0	0
Bikol	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	135	70	65	0	0	0
Fijian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	135	55	80	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	80	45	40	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	4,250	1,855	2,390	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	15	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	120	70	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	80	55	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	540	300	235	0	0	0
Kannada	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	205	110	95	0	0	0
Tamil	235	135	100	0	0	0
Telugu	80	50	30	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,150	3,755	3,395	0	0	0
Albanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	720	320	405	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	715	315	400	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	60	15	40	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	180	90	90	0	0	0
Russian	245	100	140	0	0	0
Serbian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	105	35	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	595	335	260	0	0	0
Afrikaans	200	100	100	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dutch	110	75	35	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	300	170	135	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	35	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,125	2,215	1,910	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	3,985	2,140	1,850	0	0	0
Bengali	225	130	100	0	0	0
Gujarati	1,130	585	545	0	0	0
Hindi	1,130	630	500	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Marathi	110	60	50	0	0	0
Nepali	70	50	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	640	385	250	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	145	70	70	0	0	0
Urdu	1,340	690	645	0	0	0
Iranian languages	120	70	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashto	40	20	20	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	75	45	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,745	880	860	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	140	85	55	0	0	0
Portuguese	145	60	80	0	0	0
Romanian	120	60	50	0	0	0
Spanish	1,375	685	685	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	60	20	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	200	95	110	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,195	645	550	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	90	40	50	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	30	15	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	55	40	15	0	0	0
Igbo	125	60	65	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	55	30	30	0	0	0
Shona	135	70	70	0	0	0
Swahili	140	80	65	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	220	130	90	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	390	200	185	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	45	35	0	0	0	0
Dinka	30	25	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	915	425	485	0	0	0
Chinese languages	890	420	475	0	0	0
Cantonese	195	115	80	0	0	0
Hakka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	580	255	330	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	125	55	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	125	45	80	0	0	0
Lao	30	20	15	0	0	0
Thai	75	20	60	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	65	40	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	25	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	90	65	30	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	90	60	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	71,480	38,500	32,980	245	145	95
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	63,780	34,830	28,955	240	150	95
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,185	7,835	7,350	30	20	10
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	48,595	26,990	21,600	210	120	85
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	7,695	3,665	4,030	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	71,475	38,495	32,980	240	150	95
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	54,180	29,520	24,655	245	145	95
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	15,865	8,260	7,605	0	0	0
Before 1981	1,015	655	360	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	915	525	390	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,980	1,120	860	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	6,960	3,655	3,300	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	2,870	1,505	1,365	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	4,090	2,155	1,935	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	4,990	2,305	2,690	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,435	715	720	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	15,865	8,260	7,605	0	0	0
Under 5 years	1,285	735	550	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,565	1,390	1,170	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	3,110	1,625	1,485	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	7,735	3,865	3,870	0	0	0
45 years and over	1,180	640	535	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15,870	8,260	7,605	0	0	0
Americas	1,615	810	800	0	0	0
Brazil	60	20	40	0	0	0
Colombia	60	30	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	70	30	35	0	0	0
Guyana	20	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	55	35	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	235	130	105	0	0	0
Mexico	105	35	70	0	0	0
Peru	60	25	35	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	85	50	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	385	200	180	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	480	235	245	0	0	0
Europe	1,655	955	700	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	50	30	20	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	15	0	0	0
France	30	10	20	0	0	0
Germany	135	95	45	0	0	0
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	70	50	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	90	30	60	0	0	0
Italy	50	35	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	60	45	15	0	0	0
Poland	85	30	55	0	0	0
Portugal	40	30	10	0	0	0
Romania	100	50	50	0	0	0
Russian Federation	55	45	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	75	25	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	540	350	190	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	200	105	100	0	0	0
Africa	3,095	1,820	1,275	0	0	0
Algeria	50	25	30	0	0	0
Egypt	45	35	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	495	285	210	0	0	0
Kenya	95	30	60	0	0	0
Morocco	100	70	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	430	255	170	0	0	0
Somalia	460	315	145	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	185	100	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	1,235	700	535	0	0	0
Asia	9,295	4,565	4,730	0	0	0
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	100	50	50	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	480	205	270	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	70	35	35	0	0	0
India	2,195	1,200	995	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	60	40	20	0	0	0
Iraq	20	15	10	0	0	0
Japan	35	10	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	155	60	95	0	0	0
Lebanon	425	220	200	0	0	0
Pakistan	970	560	415	0	0	0
Philippines	3,580	1,530	2,045	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	290	160	125	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	80	50	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	30	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	735	395	340	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	210	110	100	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,995	2,305	2,690	0	0	0
Americas	435	210	220	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	20	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	35	30	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	55	15	40	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	95	45	45	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	155	95	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	15	25	0	0	0
Europe	295	160	140	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	55	20	35	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	15	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	0	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	80	65	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	100	55	40	0	0	0
Africa	1,005	465	540	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	170	120	50	0	0	0
Ethiopia	215	85	125	0	0	0
Morocco	25	0	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	105	60	45	0	0	0
Somalia	85	45	35	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	60	35	25	0	0	0
Tunisia	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	290	95	190	0	0	0
Asia	3,180	1,420	1,760	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	125	60	65	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	530	290	245	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	30	45	0	0	0
Nepal	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pakistan	220	125	100	0	0	0
Philippines	1,825	765	1,060	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	35	20	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	60	40	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	160	50	105	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	75	40	30	0	0	0
Australia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	60	40	25	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	71,480	38,500	32,980	240	145	95
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	17,515	9,110	8,400	0	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,030	4,490	3,540	10	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	45,935	24,895	21,040	235	145	95
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	14,975	7,680	7,285	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	8,680	4,640	4,040	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,720	2,455	1,265	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,960	2,190	2,780	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	4,010	1,635	2,375	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,145	1,335	810	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	130	70	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	71,475	38,495	32,985	245	145	95
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,565	3,445	3,120	20	15	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,400	3,350	3,050	20	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,775	1,935	1,835	15	15	0
Métis	2,490	1,350	1,140	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	135	65	70	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	135	80	55	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	64,915	35,055	29,860	225	130	95
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	71,480	38,495	32,980	245	150	95
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,245	1,675	1,565	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	68,235	36,820	31,415	235	140	95
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	71,480	38,495	32,985	245	145	95
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,820	1,480	1,340	10	10	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,740	1,430	1,315	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,065	1,050	1,020	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	585	325	255	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	95	55	40	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	80	45	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	60	35	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,615	1,840	1,780	30	25	10
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,445	1,745	1,695	25	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,250	1,145	1,100	30	20	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,030	505	525	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	95	65	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	175	90	85	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	90	80	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	65,045	35,180	29,860	205	120	90
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	71,480	38,495	32,980	245	150	95
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	19,070	9,950	9,120	0	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	4,980	2,715	2,265	0	0	0
Chinese	955	460	495	0	0	0
Black	4,175	2,410	1,760	0	0	0
Filipino	4,905	2,195	2,710	0	0	0
Latin American	925	480	450	0	0	0
Arab	1,780	1,000	780	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	460	215	240	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	160	95	65	0	0	0
Korean	225	100	130	0	0	0
Japanese	105	55	45	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	130	70	65	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	270	160	110	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	52,410	28,545	23,860	240	150	95
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	71,475	38,495	32,980	245	145	95
North American Aboriginal origins	6,435	3,315	3,120	35	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,560	2,335	2,225	30	30	10
Inuit	275	160	115	0	0	0
Métis	1,850	965	890	0	0	0
Other North American origins	23,645	12,905	10,740	200	120	75
Acadian	335	170	160	0	0	0
American	600	325	270	0	0	0
Canadian	22,740	12,410	10,325	200	125	75
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	205	130	80	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	20	25	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	32,025	17,330	14,695	50	30	20
British Isles origins	22,740	12,275	10,475	50	30	20
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	11,760	6,315	5,445	45	30	20
Irish	9,185	4,715	4,465	0	0	0
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	8,790	4,795	3,995	20	10	10
Welsh	685	320	365	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	910	515	395	0	0	0
French origins	5,655	2,865	2,785	0	0	0
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,650	2,865	2,790	0	0	0
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,920	3,300	2,620	0	0	0
Austrian	280	135	140	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	115	70	45	0	0	0
Dutch	1,420	775	640	0	0	0
Flemish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,535	2,565	1,975	0	0	0
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	90	55	40	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,975	1,120	850	0	0	0
Danish	275	170	100	0	0	0
Finnish	130	65	65	0	0	0
Icelandic	230	135	95	0	0	0
Norwegian	770	460	315	0	0	0
Swedish	530	280	255	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	120	75	50	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,550	2,395	2,155	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	60	25	30	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	105	40	60	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	390	215	175	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	60	25	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,195	625	565	0	0	0
Romanian	265	155	110	0	0	0
Russian	725	355	365	0	0	0
Slovak	65	50	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	2,255	1,185	1,075	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,335	1,155	1,180	0	0	0
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	80	45	30	0	0	0
Cypriot	15	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	150	105	50	0	0	0
Italian	950	485	470	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	280	125	150	0	0	0
Serbian	105	50	55	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Spanish	690	325	370	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	225	125	105	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	10	30	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	180	110	65	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	655	365	290	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	25	20	0	0	0	0
Dominican	30	15	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Jamaican	335	190	140	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	100	50	50	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	35	35	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,065	545	525	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	80	25	55	0	0	0
Chilean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Colombian	135	95	40	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	35	30	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	155	70	90	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	65	30	30	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	310	135	175	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	85	50	35	0	0	0
African origins	4,310	2,450	1,860	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	865	495	370	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	80	50	25	0	0	0
Chadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congolese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	130	65	60	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	45	30	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	495	280	220	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	60	35	25	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	45	20	30	0	0	0
North African origins	450	235	215	0	0	0
Algerian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Berber	15	10	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	25	10	15	0	0	0
Moroccan	90	60	30	0	0	0
Sudanese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Tunisian	40	20	20	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	2,300	1,335	970	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	270	195	75	0	0	0
Ethiopian	555	310	245	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	75	30	45	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	730	440	290	0	0	0
South African	115	65	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	80	55	25	0	0	0
Zambian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	185	95	95	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	190	95	95	0	0	0
Other African origins	720	410	310	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	25	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	700	395	305	0	0	0
Asian origins	13,855	6,980	6,875	10	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,885	1,080	805	0	0	0
Afghan	30	15	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	325	215	115	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	130	80	55	0	0	0
Iraqi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	60	25	30	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	875	510	365	0	0	0
Palestinian	130	75	50	0	0	0
Pashtun	30	20	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	50	35	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	100	20	75	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	20	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	5,185	2,830	2,360	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	140	80	60	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	3,130	1,700	1,430	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	60	35	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	45	25	20	0	0	0
Pakistani	1,165	605	560	0	0	0
Punjabi	230	125	105	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	325	185	140	0	0	0
Tamil	60	45	20	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	125	70	60	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	6,800	3,065	3,735	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	45	35	15	0	0	0
Chinese	1,165	550	615	10	0	0
Filipino	5,065	2,270	2,800	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Japanese	125	80	45	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	235	105	135	0	0	0
Laotian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Thai	70	15	55	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	110	45	65	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	45	35	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	45	35	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	245	135	110	0	0	0
Australian	130	70	60	0	0	0
New Zealander	75	50	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	40	0	30	0	0	0
Fijian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	25,660	...	...	105	...	...
Owner	17,340	...	...	90	...	...
Renter	8,225	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	90	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	25,660	...	...	110	...	...
Condominium	5,975	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	19,685	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	25,660	...	...	110	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,085	...	...	0	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,945	...	...	20	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,585	...	...	40	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,995	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	25,660	...	...	105	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,485	...	...	10	...	...
5 rooms	4,505	...	...	0	...	...
6 rooms	4,195	...	...	15	...	...
7 rooms	3,375	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,100	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	25,660	...	...	110	...	...
One person or fewer per room	25,090	...	...	110	...	...
More than 1 person per room	570	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	25,655	...	...	110	...	...
Suitable	24,120	...	...	110	...	...
Not suitable	1,540	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	25,660	...	...	110	...	...
1960 or before	170	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,250	...	...	25	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,065	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,445	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,235	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,260	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,245	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	25,660	...	...	105	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	24,455	...	...	100	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,205	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	25,660	...	...	105	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,070	...	...	80	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,430	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,160	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	25,660	...	...	110	...	...
15 to 24 years	915	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,230	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,665	...	...	0	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,105	...	...	35	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,825	...	...	35	...	...
65 to 74 years	740	...	...	10	...	...
75 to 84 years	165	...	...	0	...	...
85 years and over	15	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	25,465	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,335	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,130	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,580	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,345	...	...	90	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	85.5	...	...	27.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.4	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,794	...	...	404	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,696	...	...	585	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	601,859	...	...	109,605	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	619,344	...	...	135,930	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,225	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	18.5	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,702	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,800	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	57,285	31,170	26,115	210	120	90
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,320	3,535	2,785	110	55	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,800	8,640	8,160	40	25	15
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,170	18,995	15,170	60	40	25
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,145	6,785	1,355	25	15	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,740	2,100	640	20	20	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,405	4,685	715	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,415	6,325	7,085	30	15	20
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,500	680	825	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,110	5,205	5,905	10	10	0
Bachelor's degree	8,240	3,690	4,545	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	485	245	240	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	225	100	120	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,960	1,035	925	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	205	135	75	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	47,420	25,845	21,575	155	95	65
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,470	2,005	1,465	65	35	30
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,810	6,590	6,225	35	25	10
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,135	17,245	13,885	50	25	20
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,280	6,035	1,240	15	15	0
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,475	1,895	580	15	15	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,810	4,150	660	10	0	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,215	5,785	6,430	25	10	15
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,335	600	735	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,305	4,825	5,480	10	10	10
Bachelor's degree	7,580	3,390	4,190	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	435	230	205	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	210	100	110	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,885	980	900	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	200	120	70	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	57,285	31,165	26,115	210	120	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,115	12,170	10,950	150	85	65
Education	1,555	355	1,200	0	0	0
13. Education	1,555	355	1,200	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	600	240	355	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	50	60	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	485	185	295	0	0	0
Humanities	1,085	380	700	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	15	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	185	50	130	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	510	135	380	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	40	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	50	50	0	0	0
54. History	145	80	70	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	15	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,100	580	1,520	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	15	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	205	65	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	575	30	550	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	305	80	225	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	310	75	235	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	670	330	345	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	6,400	1,655	4,750	10	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	315	40	275	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,075	1,605	4,475	10	0	15
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,255	640	615	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	400	185	215	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	320	145	175	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	430	260	170	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	50	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	975	590	385	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	850	540	315	10	0	10
25. Library science	25	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	50	45	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,360	11,880	1,480	30	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	130	85	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,760	2,280	480	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,135	1,750	380	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,760	2,560	200	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,300	4,005	290	10	0	0
48. Precision production	1,285	1,200	80	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	610	325	280	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	250	90	160	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	360	235	120	0	0	0
Health and related fields	3,310	610	2,700	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	270	105	165	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,010	480	2,525	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	25	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,915	1,725	1,185	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,080	195	885	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	320	245	80	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,510	1,290	220	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	47,420	25,845	21,575	155	95	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,285	8,595	7,685	105	65	40
Education	1,395	310	1,085	0	0	0
13. Education	1,395	310	1,090	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	495	200	290	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	55	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	380	150	230	0	0	0
Humanities	985	335	645	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	65	10	50	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	170	50	125	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	470	125	345	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	35	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	90	45	40	0	0	0
54. History	125	65	60	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	10	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,915	545	1,365	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	195	60	135	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	490	30	460	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	270	65	205	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	290	65	225	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	635	310	325	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,970	1,545	4,425	10	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	280	35	245	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,685	1,500	4,185	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,105	555	550	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	380	180	195	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	260	105	155	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	370	220	155	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	45	50	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	900	530	370	0	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	780	475	300	0	0	0
25. Library science	25	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	90	50	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	12,100	10,730	1,375	25	20	0
04. Architecture and related services	125	85	40	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,580	2,145	440	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,930	1,580	350	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,435	2,250	185	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,860	3,580	275	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,165	1,090	75	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	570	310	270	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	230	90	145	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	345	225	120	10	10	0
Health and related fields	3,075	580	2,495	0	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	240	95	140	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,800	460	2,335	0	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	25	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,625	1,605	1,020	0	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	940	175	765	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	310	235	75	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,380	1,200	180	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	57,285	31,170	26,115	210	125	90
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,115	12,175	10,945	155	85	70
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	34,165	18,995	15,170	60	45	20
Location of study inside Canada	26,840	15,575	11,265	60	40	20
Same as province or territory of residence	12,315	7,650	4,665	40	25	10
Different than province or territory of residence	14,525	7,925	6,600	20	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	7,330	3,420	3,905	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	420	220	200	0	0	0
Philippines	2,325	890	1,440	0	0	0
India	1,320	685	635	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	250	175	80	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	200	95	105	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	2,795	1,350	1,445	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	47,420	25,845	21,575	155	90	60
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,280	8,595	7,690	105	65	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	31,135	17,250	13,890	50	30	20
Location of study inside Canada	24,175	14,015	10,160	45	30	20
Same as province or territory of residence	10,705	6,680	4,030	35	15	15
Different than province or territory of residence	13,470	7,335	6,130	15	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,960	3,230	3,730	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	400	200	195	0	0	0
Philippines	2,245	860	1,390	0	0	0
India	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	220	135	80	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	195	95	100	0	0	0
France	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other	2,640	1,300	1,345	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	57,285	31,170	26,120	210	125	90
In the labour force	44,680	26,920	17,760	85	70	20
Employed	41,565	25,275	16,290	65	50	15
Unemployed	3,115	1,645	1,470	25	15	10
Not in the labour force	12,600	4,245	8,360	130	55	65
Participation rate	78.0	86.4	68.0	40.5	56.0	22.2
Employment rate	72.6	81.1	62.4	31.0	40.0	16.7
Unemployment rate	7.0	6.1	8.3	29.4	21.4	50.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	57,285	31,170	26,115	210	125	90
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,810	3,335	7,475	120	50	65
Worked	46,475	27,835	18,640	95	70	20
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	31,005	19,895	11,110	10	10	0
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	15,470	7,940	7,530	80	65	20
Average weeks worked in reference year	45.3	46.2	44.0	28.7	31.3	19.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	44,680	26,920	17,760	85	65	20
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	640	275	370	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	44,040	26,650	17,390	85	65	20
Employee	41,775	25,335	16,440	85	60	25
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,260	1,315	945	10	10	0
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	44,685	26,920	17,760	85	65	20
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	645	270	375	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	44,040	26,650	17,390	85	65	20
0 Management occupations	4,060	2,410	1,650	0	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,560	1,305	4,255	10	0	0
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,815	2,920	895	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	1,375	240	1,135	0	0	0
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,180	900	2,280	10	0	0
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	440	150	285	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	7,935	3,135	4,800	0	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,340	11,855	1,485	35	35	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,670	1,415	255	25	20	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,665	2,325	340	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	44,685	26,920	17,760	85	65	20
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	645	270	370	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	44,040	26,655	17,390	85	65	20
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	220	140	85	25	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	13,255	10,635	2,615	0	10	0
22 Utilities	295	190	100	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,390	3,410	980	20	20	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,425	1,125	295	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,545	1,025	515	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	3,670	1,710	1,955	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,315	1,680	630	0	0	10
51 Information and cultural industries	260	120	140	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	540	130	410	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,000	610	390	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,730	1,050	680	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	30	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,235	1,100	1,130	0	0	0
61 Educational services	2,045	420	1,625	10	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	2,320	315	2,000	0	0	0
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	500	135	365	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,380	910	1,470	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,845	875	970	10	0	0
91 Public administration	2,030	1,030	995	10	0	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	41,565	25,275	16,295	65	50	15
Worked at home	1,710	610	1,105	0	0	0
Worked outside Canada	25	10	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,675	4,490	1,185	20	20	0
Worked at usual place	34,160	20,165	13,990	45	25	15
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	34,155	20,165	13,990	45	25	20
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	33,090	19,600	13,495	10	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	185	80	110	15	0	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	765	435	330	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	115	50	65	0	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	39,830	24,655	15,175	60	40	15
Car, truck, van - as a driver	23,360	13,315	10,050	40	30	10
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,735	985	755	10	10	10
Public transit	12,985	9,515	3,465	0	0	0
Walked	1,345	630	715	0	0	0
Bicycle	70	45	25	0	0	0
Other method	340	165	170	10	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	39,835	24,655	15,180	60	45	15
Less than 15 minutes	10,055	4,040	6,015	10	10	0
15 to 29 minutes	9,350	5,085	4,265	30	25	10
30 to 44 minutes	7,540	5,485	2,060	10	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	4,970	3,795	1,175	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	7,910	6,250	1,660	10	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	39,830	24,655	15,175	60	40	20
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	6,250	4,895	1,355	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,085	9,430	3,655	10	0	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,440	3,450	3,985	20	15	10
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	4,445	1,600	2,840	0	10	0
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,010	775	1,235	10	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,610	4,505	2,100	10	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	47,375	28,175	19,200	100	80	20
Single responses	47,255	28,135	19,120	100	80	20
Official languages	47,055	28,010	19,040	100	80	20
English	46,955	28,005	18,950	100	80	20
French	105	10	95	0	0	0
Non-official languages	195	125	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	185	115	75	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	25	15	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	25	20	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	70	20	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	70	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	85	70	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	10	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	125	40	80	0	0	0
English and French	35	10	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	90	30	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	47,380	28,180	19,195	100	80	20
None	46,420	27,720	18,700	100	80	20
English	100	40	65	0	0	0
French	370	190	185	0	0	0
Non-official language	465	220	245	0	0	10
Aboriginal	60	20	35	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	400	200	210	0	0	0
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	70,145	37,740	32,405	230	140	95
Non-movers	59,075	31,795	27,280	210	120	85
Movers	11,070	5,950	5,125	25	15	0
Non-migrants	8,520	4,650	3,870	0	0	0
Migrants	2,550	1,295	1,255	25	20	0
Internal migrants	1,850	960	895	25	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	830	475	355	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	1,020	485	540	20	15	0
External migrants	700	345	360	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	65,540	35,430	30,110	215	125	95
Non-movers	28,590	15,500	13,090	170	100	65
Movers	36,950	19,925	17,030	50	25	25
Non-migrants	19,975	11,160	8,820	10	10	0
Migrants	16,975	8,770	8,210	40	20	15
Internal migrants	12,845	6,830	6,015	45	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	3,445	1,920	1,525	25	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	9,400	4,910	4,490	15	10	10
External migrants	4,130	1,935	2,195	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Wood Buffalo, SM [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cottlesville, T [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 28, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Wood Buffalo, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Wood Buffalo, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Wood Buffalo, Specialized municipality [Census subdivision], Alberta and Cottlesville, Town [Census subdivision], Newfoundland and Labrador