Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 17, CDR Alberta [Census division]			Bayham, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Alberta Map : Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	61,590	...	...	7,396	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	61,504	...	...	6,989	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.1	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	23,895	...	...	2,557	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	19,747	...	...	2,393	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.3	...	...	30.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	192,152.54	...	...	244.97	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	61,590	31,340	30,245	7,395	3,755	3,640
0 to 14 years	17,175	8,690	8,485	1,930	980	945
0 to 4 years	6,035	3,090	2,945	600	320	280
5 to 9 years	5,895	2,925	2,970	680	325	350
10 to 14 years	5,250	2,680	2,570	650	335	315
15 to 64 years	38,660	19,690	18,975	4,510	2,305	2,215
15 to 19 years	4,865	2,565	2,295	605	290	310
20 to 24 years	4,415	2,245	2,175	465	260	200
25 to 29 years	4,195	2,105	2,095	385	200	185
30 to 34 years	4,010	1,925	2,085	370	180	190
35 to 39 years	3,755	1,855	1,905	390	195	185
40 to 44 years	3,720	1,900	1,820	415	185	225
45 to 49 years	3,620	1,850	1,770	435	225	210
50 to 54 years	3,855	1,980	1,880	495	265	230
55 to 59 years	3,475	1,790	1,685	515	265	255
60 to 64 years	2,745	1,480	1,270	440	225	210
65 years and over	5,755	2,965	2,790	960	470	485
65 to 69 years	2,160	1,095	1,060	345	175	170
70 to 74 years	1,515	810	705	285	140	150
75 to 79 years	1,070	580	485	165	85	75
80 to 84 years	585	290	295	80	40	40
85 years and over	425	185	240	85	30	55
85 to 89 years	285	140	145	60	20	40
90 to 94 years	110	40	70	15	10	10
95 to 99 years	25	5	20	5	0	5
100 years and over	5	5	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	27.9	27.7	28.1	26.1	26.1	26.0
15 to 64 years	62.8	62.8	62.7	61.0	61.4	60.9
65 years and over	9.3	9.5	9.2	13.0	12.5	13.3
85 years and over	0.7	0.6	0.8	1.1	0.8	1.5
Average age of the population	32.8	33.0	32.7	35.8	35.5	36.0
Median age of the population	30.2	30.2	30.2	34.3	34.0	34.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	19,750	...	...	2,390	...	...
Single-detached house	13,695	...	...	2,055	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,045	...	...	165	...	...
Semi-detached house	450	...	...	40	...	...
Row house	590	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	95	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	880	...	...	50	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	4,000	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	19,750	...	...	2,390	...	...
1 person	3,895	...	...	435	...	...
2 persons	6,150	...	...	865	...	...
3 persons	2,950	...	...	325	...	...
4 persons	2,880	...	...	325	...	...
5 or more persons	3,870	...	...	455	...	...
Number of persons in private households	60,810	...	...	7,380	...	...
Average household size	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	44,410	22,650	21,765	5,470	2,770	2,695
Married or living common law	26,655	13,365	13,290	3,565	1,785	1,780
Married	20,045	10,075	9,970	3,155	1,580	1,570
Living common law	6,610	3,290	3,320	410	205	210
Not married and not living common law	17,760	9,290	8,470	1,900	985	915
Never married	13,630	7,555	6,085	1,345	770	575
Separated	1,025	490	530	110	50	60
Divorced	1,520	810	710	210	110	100
Widowed	1,585	435	1,150	240	60	180
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	16,155	...	...	1,950	...	...
2 persons	7,095	...	...	895	...	...
3 persons	3,220	...	...	320	...	...
4 persons	2,765	...	...	305	...	...
5 or more persons	3,080	...	...	420	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	16,155	...	...	1,950	...	...
Total couple families	12,980	...	...	1,765	...	...
Married couples	9,680	...	...	1,560	...	...
Common-law couples	3,305	...	...	210	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,170	...	...	180	...	...
Female parent	2,275	...	...	135	...	...
Male parent	900	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	12,985	...	...	1,770	...	...
Couples without children	5,455	...	...	785	...	...
Couples with children	7,525	...	...	985	...	...
1 child	2,375	...	...	280	...	...
2 children	2,385	...	...	290	...	...
3 or more children	2,765	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,170	...	...	180	...	...
1 child	1,640	...	...	110	...	...
2 children	845	...	...	40	...	...
3 or more children	690	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,480	4,245	3,240	640	355	285
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	19,745	...	...	2,390	...	...
One-census-family households	14,335	...	...	1,875	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,020	...	...	760	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	9,315	...	...	1,115	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	855	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,555	...	...	480	...	...
One-person households	3,895	...	...	430	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	660	...	...	55	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	61,370	31,240	30,125	7,400	3,755	3,640
English only	58,525	29,810	28,710	7,105	3,605	3,500
French only	45	20	20	0	0	0
English and French	1,690	850	840	150	80	65
Neither English nor French	1,115	565	550	140	70	70
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	61,370	31,240	30,125	7,395	3,755	3,640
English	59,430	30,210	29,225	7,200	3,650	3,545
French	805	450	355	55	25	25
English and French	45	25	20	5	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,085	555	530	140	70	70
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	825	460	365	55	30	25
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.5	1.2	0.7	0.8	0.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	61,370	31,240	30,130	7,395	3,755	3,640
Single responses	60,045	30,585	29,455	7,310	3,715	3,595
Official languages	40,950	20,930	20,015	4,960	2,520	2,445
English	40,070	20,455	19,610	4,900	2,485	2,415
French	880	480	405	60	30	30
Non-official languages	19,095	9,655	9,440	2,350	1,200	1,155
Aboriginal languages	7,675	3,845	3,835	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	6,800	3,380	3,420	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	6,790	3,375	3,410	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	15	30	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	460	230	235	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	6,270	3,130	3,140	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	870	460	410	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	870	460	410	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	25	15	15	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	710	375	330	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	135	70	65	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	5	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	115	60	55	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,420	5,815	5,605	2,355	1,200	1,155
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	65	60	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	120	65	55	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	120	60	55	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,020	455	565	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	40	10	30	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	935	425	510	0	0	5
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,975	5,135	4,845	2,300	1,175	1,130
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	345	175	170	15	10	10
Baltic languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	335	175	165	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	30	35	5	0	0
Russian	30	10	20	5	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	15	5	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	190	95	90	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	9,395	4,820	4,580	2,250	1,140	1,110
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	170	85	85	35	20	15
Frisian	10	5	10	5	0	0
German	9,160	4,705	4,455	2,170	1,095	1,075
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	15	5	5
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	115	70	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	105	65	45	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	60	45	35	25	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	5	5	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	15	5	5
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	70	40	30	20	15	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	30	5	5	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	5	35	20	20
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	5	35	20	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,325	655	670	90	40	45
English and French	65	35	35	5	5	0
English and non-official language	1,235	610	620	80	40	45
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	61,365	31,240	30,130	7,400	3,755	3,640
Single responses	59,325	30,235	29,090	7,215	3,670	3,550
Official languages	46,800	23,845	22,965	6,060	3,080	2,985
English	46,520	23,700	22,820	6,050	3,075	2,970
French	285	140	145	15	5	10
Non-official languages	12,525	6,395	6,130	1,155	585	565
Aboriginal languages	4,085	2,095	1,990	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	3,675	1,870	1,810	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	3,675	1,870	1,805	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	5	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	30	15	15	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	395	200	195	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	3,245	1,650	1,595	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	405	225	180	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	405	225	180	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	10	5	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	340	185	160	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	50	30	15	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,440	4,300	4,140	1,150	585	565
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	25	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	545	265	285	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	520	255	270	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,675	3,920	3,755	1,135	580	560
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	7,510	3,825	3,685	1,125	570	555
Afrikaans	20	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	65	30	35	10	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	7,405	3,780	3,630	1,025	520	510
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	85	40	45
Greek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	45	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	70	45	30	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	15	5	0	0	0
Hindi	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	25	20	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	20	20	5	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	0	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	30	20	5	0	0
Chinese languages	45	30	20	5	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,040	1,005	1,035	180	90	95
English and French	45	25	20	5	0	0
English and non-official language	1,980	970	1,010	180	90	90
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	61,365	31,240	30,130	7,395	3,755	3,640
None	48,310	24,700	23,615	6,050	3,085	2,970
English	6,140	3,120	3,025	540	265	275
French	335	170	165	15	10	5
Non-official language	6,540	3,235	3,305	785	395	390
Aboriginal	4,290	2,110	2,180	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,250	1,125	1,125	785	395	390
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	43,715	22,305	21,415	5,450	2,760	2,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,560	20,720	19,835	5,210	2,660	2,555
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,692	45,300	25,072	27,680	36,537	21,453
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,565	20,725	19,840	5,215	2,655	2,550
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,777	41,030	24,280	25,897	32,848	20,720
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,275	18,635	15,640	4,450	2,415	2,035
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,515	48,759	26,280	26,167	35,264	16,789
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,030	10,740	15,290	3,795	1,825	1,965
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,506	3,364	6,207	6,624	3,816	8,653
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,540	17,425	14,115	3,845	2,180	1,665
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,026	47,872	26,471	26,587	35,430	17,504
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	43,715	22,305	21,415	5,450	2,760	2,690
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,580	20,710	19,870	5,195	2,630	2,560
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,063	55,830	35,883	34,413	41,106	27,524
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,590	20,720	19,875	5,190	2,630	2,560
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,401	46,653	31,841	30,277	35,496	24,905
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,360	18,600	15,765	4,440	2,385	2,050
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,313	58,007	36,876	32,586	39,700	24,325
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,080	10,740	15,340	3,745	1,810	1,935
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,027	7,228	8,587	9,110	7,520	10,599
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,540	17,300	14,235	3,850	2,155	1,695
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,342	55,573	35,124	32,074	38,388	24,034
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	43,715	22,300	21,410	5,450	2,760	2,690
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	13,470	7,965	5,505	1,785	1,155	630
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	60,114	68,818	48,494	43,756	47,883	38,926
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	66,241	74,411	54,415	47,925	51,440	41,488
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.8	93.3	81.0	81.4	87.7	72.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	78.0	82.6	70.0	68.9	75.9	58.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.2	6.7	19.0	18.6	12.4	28.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	43,715	22,300	21,415	5,450	2,760	2,690
Without total income	3,155	1,580	1,575	240	105	135
With total income	40,555	20,720	19,840	5,215	2,655	2,555
Percentage with total income	92.8	92.9	92.6	95.7	96.2	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,555	3,170	4,390	885	315	565
$10,000 to $19,999	6,365	2,515	3,850	1,035	405	630
$20,000 to $29,999	5,190	2,165	3,025	855	390	465
$30,000 to $39,999	4,035	1,725	2,310	650	355	300
$40,000 to $49,999	3,190	1,495	1,690	605	380	220
$50,000 to $59,999	2,770	1,560	1,210	430	290	140
$60,000 to $69,999	2,390	1,480	910	240	170	70
$70,000 to $79,999	2,020	1,385	640	165	120	50
$80,000 to $89,999	1,615	1,130	490	100	70	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,340	910	430	95	55	45
$100,000 and over	4,080	3,185	895	150	105	45
$100,000 to $149,999	3,005	2,290	720	110	85	30
$150,000 and over	1,070	890	175	40	25	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	43,715	22,300	21,415	5,450	2,765	2,690
Without after-tax income	3,155	1,580	1,575	240	105	135
With after-tax income	40,565	20,720	19,835	5,210	2,660	2,555
Percentage with after-tax income	92.8	92.9	92.6	95.6	96.2	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,610	3,195	4,415	900	325	580
$10,000 to $19,999	6,560	2,605	3,955	1,090	435	655
$20,000 to $29,999	5,715	2,395	3,325	940	435	505
$30,000 to $39,999	4,535	1,985	2,545	815	475	340
$40,000 to $49,999	3,875	2,055	1,815	635	430	200
$50,000 to $59,999	3,250	1,975	1,275	360	235	125
$60,000 to $69,999	2,585	1,760	830	180	130	50
$70,000 to $79,999	2,005	1,405	600	140	90	55
$80,000 and over	4,430	3,350	1,080	145	105	40
$80,000 to $89,999	1,515	1,035	485	55	45	10
$90,000 to $99,999	925	710	220	30	20	10
$100,000 and over	1,985	1,610	375	60	40	20
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	43,710	22,300	21,415	5,450	2,760	2,690
Without employment income	12,180	4,875	7,300	1,605	580	1,025
With employment income	31,540	17,425	14,110	3,850	2,180	1,665
Percentage with employment income	72.2	78.1	65.9	70.6	79.0	61.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,735	2,210	2,520	685	315	375
$5,000 to $9,999	2,340	1,035	1,300	385	145	240
$10,000 to $19,999	3,715	1,655	2,060	545	270	275
$20,000 to $29,999	3,285	1,465	1,820	455	225	235
$30,000 to $39,999	3,015	1,360	1,655	455	270	180
$40,000 to $49,999	2,480	1,250	1,230	425	295	125
$50,000 to $59,999	2,205	1,310	890	330	250	80
$60,000 to $69,999	2,050	1,295	750	190	140	45
$70,000 to $79,999	1,715	1,220	500	115	85	30
$80,000 and over	5,995	4,605	1,390	265	185	85
$80,000 to $89,999	1,425	1,055	375	80	50	25
$90,000 to $99,999	1,210	820	395	85	50	35
$100,000 and over	3,365	2,740	630	110	85	20
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	19,745	...	...	2,390	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,462	...	...	65,254	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,077	...	...	58,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,900	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,285	...	...	27,669	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,065	...	...	26,016	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	15,850	...	...	1,960	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,789	...	...	74,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,854	...	...	66,901	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	19,745	...	...	2,390	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,668	...	...	74,675	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,992	...	...	65,699	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,895	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	54,277	...	...	34,471	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,507	...	...	30,139	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	15,855	...	...	1,970	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	104,580	...	...	83,313	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,700	...	...	73,340	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	19,750	...	...	2,395	...	...
Under $5,000	435	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	270	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	375	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	690	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	845	...	...	105	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	645	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	785	...	...	115	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	740	...	...	115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	715	...	...	95	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	700	...	...	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,290	...	...	230	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,310	...	...	200	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,275	...	...	230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,205	...	...	180	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,100	...	...	125	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,375	...	...	575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,310	...	...	240	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,670	...	...	140	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,940	...	...	135	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,450	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	19,745	...	...	2,390	...	...
Under $5,000	450	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	265	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	380	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	700	...	...	70	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	875	...	...	115	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	685	...	...	110	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	850	...	...	140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	810	...	...	130	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	815	...	...	110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	835	...	...	145	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,565	...	...	285	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,640	...	...	250	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,465	...	...	230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,395	...	...	145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,215	...	...	125	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,805	...	...	410	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,330	...	...	215	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,500	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,970	...	...	90	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	15,490	...	...	1,940	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,842	...	...	73,775	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,211	...	...	66,674	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.6	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,900	...	...	750	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,304	...	...	63,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,325	...	...	57,643	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,615	...	...	990	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,519	...	...	82,066	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,427	...	...	74,147	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.7	...	...	4.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,485	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,792	...	...	51,072	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,912	...	...	45,952	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	15,490	...	...	1,940	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,161	...	...	83,275	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,453	...	...	73,271	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,925	...	...	755	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,446	...	...	74,560	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,773	...	...	64,862	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,640	...	...	1,000	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,458	...	...	96,298	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,348	...	...	84,882	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,470	...	...	145	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,733	...	...	45,876	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,871	...	...	42,983	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,405	3,155	2,245	525	300	230
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,165	45,413	32,000	25,920	29,248	24,192
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,968	39,740	30,165	24,448	26,112	23,680
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,405	3,060	2,340	525	300	225
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,238	55,370	43,538	32,712	34,761	29,971
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,421	45,604	38,266	28,761	30,143	26,913
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	60,805	30,950	29,855	7,375	3,745	3,630
In the bottom half of the distribution	33,940	16,810	17,125	4,975	2,490	2,485
In the bottom decile	9,070	4,500	4,570	685	360	325
In the second decile	7,400	3,610	3,790	1,265	615	650
In the third decile	6,330	3,115	3,215	1,370	665	705
In the fourth decile	5,840	2,945	2,900	925	455	465
In the fifth decile	5,285	2,640	2,645	735	390	345
In the top half of the distribution	26,875	14,145	12,730	2,400	1,250	1,150
In the sixth decile	4,990	2,560	2,435	720	370	345
In the seventh decile	5,035	2,625	2,415	550	290	255
In the eighth decile	5,450	2,890	2,560	470	245	225
In the ninth decile	5,675	3,010	2,660	430	220	205
In the top decile	5,720	3,060	2,665	235	120	115
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	47,555	24,250	23,305	7,380	3,745	3,635
0 to 17 years	14,640	7,465	7,180	2,310	1,160	1,150
0 to 5 years	5,150	2,640	2,510	740	385	355
18 to 64 years	28,240	14,340	13,905	4,115	2,110	2,000
65 years and over	4,665	2,445	2,220	955	470	485
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,500	3,160	3,340	1,255	630	630
0 to 17 years	2,625	1,325	1,295	480	255	230
0 to 5 years	1,025	520	500	185	95	90
18 to 64 years	3,135	1,485	1,650	605	300	305
65 years and over	740	350	385	175	85	90
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.7	13.0	14.3	17.0	16.8	17.3
0 to 17 years (%)	17.9	17.7	18.0	20.8	22.0	20.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.9	19.7	19.9	25.0	24.7	25.4
18 to 64 years (%)	11.1	10.4	11.9	14.7	14.2	15.3
65 years and over (%)	15.9	14.3	17.3	18.3	18.1	18.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,205	1,100	1,110	285	150	130
0 to 17 years	830	415	415	95	50	40
0 to 5 years	320	150	170	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	1,285	640	650	175	90	90
65 years and over	90	45	50	10	10	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.6	4.5	4.8	3.9	4.0	3.6
0 to 17 years (%)	5.7	5.6	5.8	4.1	4.3	3.5
0 to 5 years (%)	6.2	5.7	6.8	3.4	3.9	2.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.6	4.5	4.7	4.3	4.3	4.5
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.8	2.3	1.0	2.1	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	60,805	30,950	29,855	7,375	3,740	3,640
Official languages	59,720	30,415	29,305	7,250	3,685	3,565
English	59,700	30,400	29,300	7,250	3,685	3,565
French	1,675	825	845	165	80	85
Non-official languages	23,050	11,575	11,480	2,500	1,260	1,240
Aboriginal languages	10,315	5,125	5,190	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	9,185	4,540	4,650	0	0	0
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	9,180	4,540	4,640	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	0	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	55	15	40	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	515	245	265	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	8,635	4,290	4,350	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	1,130	590	545	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	1,125	585	540	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	75	50	30	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	875	465	420	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	190	85	100	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Slavey	160	75	85	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	12,765	6,465	6,300	2,495	1,260	1,240
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	80	65	0	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	145	80	65	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	150	80	65	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,260	540	720	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	10	35	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,240	535	705	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	110	55	60	0	0	0
Kannada	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	15	0	0	0
Tamil	90	40	50	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,825	5,595	5,230	2,415	1,220	1,200
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	355	210	150	15	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slavic languages	360	205	150	15	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	40	45	10	0	0
Russian	60	40	20	0	0	0
Serbian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	160	95	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10,055	5,155	4,895	2,330	1,170	1,165
Afrikaans	60	35	20	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	200	90	105	60	25	30
Frisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	9,765	5,015	4,750	2,050	1,010	1,045
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	80	45	40	375	215	155
Greek	20	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	140	75	70	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	135	70	70	0	0	0
Bengali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	95	50	45	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	350	215	140	170	125	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	10	10	10	10
Portuguese	35	30	10	35	20	10
Romanian	20	15	0	10	0	0
Spanish	290	175	115	125	90	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	30	45	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	60	20	40	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	25	15	20	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	95	120	0	0	0
Chinese languages	205	95	110	0	0	0
Cantonese	90	40	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	50	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	10	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	65	30	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	55	30	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	60	30	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	60,810	30,955	29,855	7,375	3,740	3,635
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	58,795	30,065	28,735	7,140	3,610	3,525
Canadian citizens aged under 18	19,710	10,090	9,620	2,295	1,135	1,160
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	39,085	19,975	19,110	4,845	2,480	2,365
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,015	890	1,120	240	130	110
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	60,805	30,950	29,855	7,380	3,740	3,640
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	57,030	29,125	27,905	5,950	2,980	2,970
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,265	1,620	1,650	1,380	730	650
Before 1981	725	400	320	420	215	205
1981 to 1990	340	190	145	220	115	105
1991 to 2000	400	210	195	345	195	155
2001 to 2010	685	300	385	210	100	110
2001 to 2005	295	125	165	75	40	40
2006 to 2010	395	175	220	135	65	75
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,120	510	610	185	110	75
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	515	210	305	45	25	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,265	1,615	1,645	1,380	730	650
Under 5 years	415	195	220	355	180	175
5 to 14 years	805	425	380	470	270	200
15 to 24 years	615	315	295	260	135	125
25 to 44 years	1,235	595	640	260	115	145
45 years and over	195	80	110	35	30	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,265	1,615	1,650	1,380	730	650
Americas	1,025	525	500	1,205	640	570
Brazil	0	0	10	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	35	15	0	0	0
Mexico	285	150	130	1,055	540	515
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	225	95	125	75	45	30
Other places of birth in Americas	450	245	210	70	45	20
Europe	715	395	320	150	75	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	120	65	60	0	0	0
Greece	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	10	10	0
Netherlands	85	50	40	25	20	10
Poland	60	25	35	0	0	0
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	20	15	10	25	0	20
Russian Federation	20	15	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	25	0	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	245	140	100	45	30	15
Other places of birth in Europe	70	35	35	30	15	15
Africa	155	75	80	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	10	0	10	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	80	40	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	20	30	0	10	0
Asia	1,345	610	730	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	45	10	40	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	10	0	0	0	0
India	170	85	85	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	30	25	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	930	400	530	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	60	30	30	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,120	515	610	185	105	75
Americas	150	75	75	180	105	75
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	35	25	10	0	0	0
Mexico	25	20	15	160	95	60
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	10	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	25	35	20	10	0
Europe	35	15	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	75	25	50	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	10	0	0
Asia	855	395	465	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	120	60	65	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	695	310	375	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	60,810	30,955	29,855	7,380	3,740	3,635
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,260	2,070	2,185	1,520	795	725
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,070	3,235	2,835	2,320	1,165	1,160
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	50,480	25,645	24,835	3,535	1,780	1,755
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,590	1,240	1,345	1,000	545	460
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,555	770	785	205	120	80
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	585	365	220	40	20	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	965	405	560	165	95	65
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	835	370	465	615	320	290
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	165	95	70	155	85	75
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	30	10	25	25	10	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	60,810	30,950	29,855	7,375	3,740	3,635
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	24,720	12,300	12,425	40	30	10
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	24,475	12,185	12,285	40	30	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	18,680	9,240	9,435	30	15	10
Métis	5,750	2,925	2,825	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	40	20	25	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	160	90	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	90	20	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	36,085	18,655	17,435	7,335	3,715	3,630
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	60,805	30,955	29,855	7,375	3,740	3,635
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	18,415	9,145	9,270	10	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	42,395	21,810	20,585	7,370	3,730	3,635
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	60,810	30,955	29,855	7,380	3,740	3,635
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	17,695	8,860	8,835	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	16,960	8,480	8,485	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15,105	7,510	7,590	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	1,845	965	885	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	735	380	355	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	710	370	345	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	20	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	7,115	3,480	3,635	125	80	50
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	6,390	3,150	3,240	130	75	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,430	2,135	2,290	110	65	45
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,920	995	920	15	15	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	725	335	390	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	720	325	390	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	35,995	18,615	17,385	7,245	3,660	3,585
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	60,805	30,955	29,855	7,380	3,745	3,635
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,705	1,260	1,450	65	35	30
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	315	150	170	0	0	0
Chinese	175	75	100	10	0	10
Black	300	135	165	50	35	10
Filipino	1,435	620	815	10	0	10
Latin American	65	45	20	0	0	0
Arab	185	105	80	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	40	20	20	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	40	40	0	0	0
Japanese	45	30	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	58,100	29,695	28,405	7,315	3,705	3,600
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	60,805	30,950	29,855	7,375	3,740	3,640
North American Aboriginal origins	24,810	12,340	12,470	130	80	50
First Nations (North American Indian)	20,985	10,360	10,630	115	65	45
Inuit	85	40	50	0	0	0
Métis	5,205	2,660	2,545	15	10	0
Other North American origins	14,695	7,560	7,135	2,310	1,215	1,100
Acadian	70	45	25	0	0	0
American	790	330	460	90	55	35
Canadian	14,065	7,270	6,795	2,270	1,180	1,090
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	25	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	31,965	16,445	15,520	5,810	2,920	2,885
British Isles origins	14,645	7,480	7,165	2,470	1,245	1,225
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	8,080	4,075	4,005	1,735	880	855
Irish	5,730	2,910	2,820	840	420	420
Manx	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish	6,255	3,140	3,115	945	435	510
Welsh	535	285	245	75	45	35
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	330	120	210	185	80	105
French origins	6,220	2,945	3,275	400	160	240
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0	0	0
French	6,220	2,945	3,275	400	160	240
Western European origins (except French origins)	14,255	7,415	6,840	3,560	1,830	1,730
Austrian	275	155	120	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	155	65	85	225	125	100
Dutch	3,240	1,675	1,565	570	315	250
Flemish	20	10	15	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	11,805	6,100	5,700	2,925	1,465	1,455
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	275	135	140	105	55	50
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,045	1,540	1,505	150	75	75
Danish	465	205	250	20	10	20
Finnish	170	85	90	20	10	10
Icelandic	190	110	75	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,475	730	745	55	35	25
Swedish	925	530	395	30	15	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	65	35	30	20	10	10
Eastern European origins	8,060	4,065	3,995	1,025	520	510
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	200	80	120	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	65	30	30	0	10	0
Estonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	370	185	180	205	100	110
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	20	30	55	45	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,730	875	855	95	60	35
Romanian	180	115	65	15	10	10
Russian	2,735	1,350	1,390	555	250	305
Slovak	90	50	45	10	0	10
Ukrainian	3,875	1,975	1,900	115	70	45
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	870	435	440	185	100	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	65	50	15	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	20	20	10	0	0
Italian	400	185	215	85	55	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Montenegrin	35	35	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	75	55	50	30	25
Serbian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	175	65	110	20	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	25	15	20	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	265	135	135	15	10	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	35	20	20	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	210	100	115	15	10	10
Caribbean origins	225	125	100	25	20	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	50	30	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	130	65	65	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,095	585	515	815	395	420
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Belizean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	140	75	65	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Chilean	0	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	20	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	835	430	405	785	380	405
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	35	15	20	10	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	330	135	190	25	15	10
Central and West African origins	30	15	20	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	100	50	45	20	15	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	90	45	45	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	190	70	115	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	160	60	105	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,650	1,225	1,425	25	10	20
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	325	180	135	15	10	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	45	25	15	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	175	95	80	10	10	10
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	335	160	175	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	265	125	140	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	15	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,015	885	1,130	15	0	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	270	120	150	15	0	10
Filipino	1,515	655	855	10	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japanese	125	65	60	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	50	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	60	30	35	0	10	0
Australian	50	20	30	0	10	0
New Zealander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	19,745	...	...	2,390	...	...
Owner	13,310	...	...	2,010	...	...
Renter	3,765	...	...	375	...	...
Band housing	2,675	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	19,750	...	...	2,395	...	...
Condominium	665	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	19,085	...	...	2,385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	19,750	...	...	2,395	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,050	...	...	85	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,440	...	...	545	...	...
3 bedrooms	8,515	...	...	950	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,705	...	...	800	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	19,745	...	...	2,390	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,925	...	...	225	...	...
5 rooms	4,715	...	...	350	...	...
6 rooms	3,240	...	...	435	...	...
7 rooms	2,410	...	...	340	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,455	...	...	1,035	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	19,750	...	...	2,390	...	...
One person or fewer per room	18,375	...	...	2,300	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,370	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	19,750	...	...	2,395	...	...
Suitable	17,750	...	...	2,235	...	...
Not suitable	1,995	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	19,745	...	...	2,390	...	...
1960 or before	1,185	...	...	805	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,700	...	...	585	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,860	...	...	275	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,040	...	...	360	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,910	...	...	125	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,945	...	...	150	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,100	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	19,750	...	...	2,390	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	16,695	...	...	2,220	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,050	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	19,750	...	...	2,390	...	...
1 household maintainer	12,820	...	...	1,365	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,565	...	...	1,005	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	360	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	19,745	...	...	2,390	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,030	...	...	75	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,520	...	...	285	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,985	...	...	410	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,030	...	...	485	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,660	...	...	535	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,280	...	...	395	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,055	...	...	135	...	...
85 years and over	185	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	15,115	...	...	2,250	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,585	...	...	1,780	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,530	...	...	465	...	...
30% to less than 100%	2,215	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,620	...	...	1,880	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.7	...	...	64.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.5	...	...	19.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,042	...	...	1,136	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,201	...	...	1,136	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	264,614	...	...	224,655	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	302,462	...	...	261,608	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,540	...	...	370	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	20.5	...	...	23.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	24.3	...	...	29.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,003	...	...	801	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,013	...	...	832	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	43,710	22,300	21,415	5,450	2,760	2,690
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,840	10,340	8,500	2,485	1,295	1,190
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,980	4,760	5,225	1,375	680	700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,890	7,200	7,690	1,590	785	805
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,150	3,350	805	375	295	85
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,480	965	515	190	120	75
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,670	2,380	285	185	175	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,225	2,295	3,930	860	355	505
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,025	355	670	70	30	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,495	1,205	2,290	285	110	180
Bachelor's degree	2,750	920	1,835	220	90	130
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	165	60	105	25	10	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	40	20	0	0	0
Master's degree	485	170	310	30	0	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	10	15	0	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	29,130	14,720	14,405	3,395	1,735	1,655
No certificate, diploma or degree	10,230	5,760	4,465	1,310	725	585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,700	3,160	3,540	880	435	445
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,200	5,805	6,395	1,200	575	625
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,200	2,590	610	260	200	55
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,115	720	400	130	80	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,080	1,865	205	130	125	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,165	1,890	3,275	680	270	405
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	810	295	510	35	25	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,030	1,025	2,005	225	75	145
Bachelor's degree	2,370	790	1,585	170	65	105
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	145	55	85	20	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	30	20	0	0	0
Master's degree	445	140	305	30	10	25
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	0	15	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	43,710	22,300	21,415	5,455	2,760	2,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	28,820	15,100	13,720	3,860	1,975	1,890
Education	1,690	360	1,325	85	20	65
13. Education	1,690	365	1,325	85	20	70
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	160	60	100	45	0	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	125	35	90	45	0	45
Humanities	365	150	220	40	20	25
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	85	25	60	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	30	50	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	0	20	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	115	70	50	10	10	0
54. History	35	20	15	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	990	180	805	145	40	115
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	15	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	20	50	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	475	20	460	50	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	70	15	55	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	150	30	120	35	10	20
45. Social sciences	180	80	95	40	20	20
Business, management and public administration	2,740	495	2,240	185	55	135
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	365	45	315	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,365	450	1,915	180	55	120
Physical and life sciences and technologies	150	60	90	25	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	25	45	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	20	30	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	275	95	180	30	10	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	225	85	140	25	10	15
25. Library science	45	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,450	4,200	255	465	450	15
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	350	285	65	20	20	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	590	510	80	105	95	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,200	1,175	25	80	75	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,805	1,745	60	175	175	0
48. Precision production	500	485	10	80	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	840	550	285	100	75	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	380	260	120	65	40	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	450	295	160	35	30	0
Health and related fields	2,000	370	1,635	290	30	255
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	110	65	40	10	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,860	280	1,580	285	25	255
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	20	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,225	675	550	165	85	85
12. Personal and culinary services	540	95	445	70	10	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	250	190	60	60	35	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	435	385	45	40	35	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	29,130	14,720	14,405	3,390	1,735	1,660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,930	8,920	8,010	2,190	1,160	1,030
Education	1,365	295	1,070	50	10	40
13. Education	1,365	290	1,070	45	10	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	50	75	35	0	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	105	35	70	35	0	30
Humanities	280	110	165	25	15	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	0	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	70	25	40	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	25	20	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	0	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	50	50	0	10	0
54. History	30	10	15	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	860	150	710	130	25	105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	70	20	45	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	410	15	390	45	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	55	10	45	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	130	20	110	35	10	25
45. Social sciences	150	65	85	30	10	20
Business, management and public administration	2,395	430	1,960	140	35	110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	310	35	275	10	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,070	400	1,675	140	35	100
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	55	80	20	0	20
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	25	45	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	45	20	30	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	15	0	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	245	85	165	25	10	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	200	80	120	30	15	15
25. Library science	45	0	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,535	3,335	200	350	335	10
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	10	10	0
14. Engineering	315	250	65	10	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	445	385	60	80	70	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	915	890	20	60	60	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,490	1,445	45	130	125	0
48. Precision production	370	360	10	65	65	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	670	430	240	80	55	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	260	165	100	50	25	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	410	260	145	30	35	0
Health and related fields	1,550	280	1,270	210	25	180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	85	55	30	0	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,440	210	1,225	205	20	185
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	25	15	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,040	590	450	130	65	65
12. Personal and culinary services	450	90	360	50	10	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	215	175	40	45	25	20
49. Transportation and materials moving	375	330	45	30	30	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	43,715	22,300	21,415	5,450	2,760	2,690
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,820	15,100	13,725	3,865	1,975	1,885
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	14,890	7,200	7,690	1,590	785	805
Location of study inside Canada	13,340	6,500	6,840	1,520	755	770
Same as province or territory of residence	10,575	5,160	5,410	1,430	720	710
Different than province or territory of residence	2,770	1,340	1,435	95	35	60
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,545	700	845	65	30	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	210	100	105	20	10	15
Philippines	710	260	455	0	0	10
India	130	70	60	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	90	50	40	20	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	395	215	180	15	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	29,125	14,725	14,405	3,390	1,735	1,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,930	8,925	8,005	2,190	1,160	1,030
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,200	5,800	6,400	1,200	575	625
Location of study inside Canada	10,910	5,235	5,675	1,145	555	590
Same as province or territory of residence	8,620	4,125	4,490	1,075	530	540
Different than province or territory of residence	2,295	1,110	1,185	70	25	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,285	570	720	60	25	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	125	60	60	20	0	15
Philippines	655	235	420	0	0	0
India	115	65	55	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	25	20	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	10	10	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	330	180	145	15	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	43,715	22,300	21,415	5,450	2,765	2,690
In the labour force	28,365	15,895	12,470	3,360	1,995	1,370
Employed	24,735	13,475	11,260	3,095	1,835	1,255
Unemployed	3,630	2,425	1,210	275	160	115
Not in the labour force	15,350	6,405	8,945	2,090	765	1,320
Participation rate	64.9	71.3	58.2	61.7	72.2	50.9
Employment rate	56.6	60.4	52.6	56.8	66.4	46.7
Unemployment rate	12.8	15.3	9.7	8.2	8.0	8.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	43,715	22,305	21,415	5,450	2,760	2,690
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,445	5,400	8,045	1,790	680	1,115
Worked	30,270	16,905	13,370	3,655	2,080	1,570
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	14,135	8,330	5,805	1,810	1,175	635
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	16,135	8,575	7,560	1,850	905	940
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	40.8	40.3	41.4	43.5	38.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	28,365	15,895	12,470	3,365	1,995	1,370
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	730	380	350	35	20	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	27,635	15,520	12,120	3,330	1,975	1,355
Employee	23,320	12,625	10,695	2,760	1,550	1,205
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,320	2,890	1,425	570	420	150
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	28,365	15,900	12,465	3,360	1,995	1,370
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	730	380	355	30	20	15
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	27,635	15,520	12,115	3,330	1,975	1,355
0 Management occupations	3,420	2,200	1,220	325	225	100
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,445	665	2,780	320	85	230
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	750	555	195	95	75	25
3 Health occupations	990	170	825	120	10	110
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,370	900	2,465	185	55	130
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	325	85	240	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	5,060	1,715	3,350	490	160	330
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,460	5,970	485	850	785	60
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,335	1,975	360	395	230	165
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,480	1,285	190	545	345	195
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	28,365	15,895	12,470	3,365	1,995	1,370
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	730	380	350	35	20	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	27,635	15,515	12,115	3,330	1,975	1,360
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,120	2,375	755	490	290	200
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,225	1,805	420	0	0	0
22 Utilities	315	260	55	20	15	10
23 Construction	2,495	2,215	280	380	345	40
31-33 Manufacturing	1,785	1,425	355	815	535	285
41 Wholesale trade	400	260	135	110	85	25
44-45 Retail trade	2,715	1,160	1,555	275	135	140
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,630	1,245	390	200	155	45
51 Information and cultural industries	170	80	90	10	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	310	70	245	45	15	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	280	160	120	25	15	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	710	340	370	65	45	25
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	880	505	375	130	75	50
61 Educational services	2,640	575	2,065	105	25	80
62 Health care and social assistance	2,500	390	2,115	210	15	195
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	255	125	130	25	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	1,530	470	1,060	190	55	135
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,485	1,000	485	145	95	50
91 Public administration	2,170	1,055	1,110	75	50	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	24,735	13,480	11,260	3,095	1,840	1,255
Worked at home	3,225	1,795	1,430	395	250	145
Worked outside Canada	25	15	10	10	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,200	3,420	780	480	390	90
Worked at usual place	17,285	8,245	9,035	2,215	1,190	1,025
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	17,285	8,250	9,040	2,215	1,190	1,020
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,320	4,995	5,320	295	170	130
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,025	2,290	2,740	485	265	215
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,880	925	950	1,435	755	675
Commute to a different province or territory	65	45	20	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	21,485	11,670	9,820	2,695	1,585	1,115
Car, truck, van - as a driver	18,115	10,165	7,950	2,335	1,395	940
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,485	705	785	235	95	140
Public transit	150	45	105	10	0	0
Walked	1,375	555	815	80	55	30
Bicycle	165	80	80	10	10	0
Other method	205	115	90	30	25	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	21,485	11,670	9,820	2,695	1,580	1,115
Less than 15 minutes	11,685	5,710	5,975	675	375	300
15 to 29 minutes	5,225	2,885	2,345	1,055	545	505
30 to 44 minutes	2,060	1,245	815	525	350	170
45 to 59 minutes	800	505	295	245	160	90
60 minutes and over	1,720	1,335	385	205	155	45
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	21,485	11,670	9,815	2,695	1,580	1,110
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,270	950	315	375	270	110
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,775	2,960	810	760	500	260
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,735	3,860	2,875	645	365	280
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,785	2,115	3,675	270	115	155
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,505	635	870	175	60	120
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,410	1,140	1,275	465	275	195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	31,205	17,300	13,905	3,750	2,115	1,635
Single responses	30,875	17,085	13,785	3,740	2,115	1,620
Official languages	28,955	15,855	13,100	3,625	2,040	1,585
English	28,900	15,845	13,060	3,600	2,040	1,565
French	50	10	40	20	0	20
Non-official languages	1,920	1,235	685	110	75	40
Aboriginal languages	415	230	180	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	365	205	160	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	365	205	160	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	350	200	150	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	45	25	20	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,505	1,000	505	115	75	40
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,475	985	490	110	70	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,470	990	480	115	75	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,460	980	470	75	40	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	35	30	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	335	215	120	15	0	10
English and French	25	20	10	0	0	10
English and non-official language	310	195	120	10	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	31,205	17,305	13,900	3,750	2,115	1,635
None	27,120	14,865	12,250	3,385	1,905	1,485
English	1,175	765	410	95	55	40
French	160	85	80	10	0	10
Non-official language	2,725	1,580	1,150	265	160	110
Aboriginal	1,465	735	730	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,265	840	425	265	155	110
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	59,640	30,295	29,340	7,265	3,680	3,580
Non-movers	52,285	26,630	25,655	6,435	3,220	3,215
Movers	7,355	3,665	3,690	830	460	370
Non-migrants	4,080	2,065	2,015	255	155	110
Migrants	3,270	1,590	1,680	570	310	260
Internal migrants	2,965	1,440	1,525	570	310	260
Intraprovincial migrants	2,440	1,180	1,250	500	265	230
Interprovincial migrants	530	260	270	75	45	30
External migrants	305	155	155	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	54,805	27,820	26,985	6,775	3,430	3,350
Non-movers	35,810	18,440	17,370	4,465	2,275	2,195
Movers	18,995	9,380	9,615	2,310	1,155	1,150
Non-migrants	9,570	4,825	4,745	665	325	335
Migrants	9,420	4,555	4,865	1,650	825	815
Internal migrants	8,145	4,005	4,135	1,485	760	725
Intraprovincial migrants	5,845	2,835	3,015	1,345	695	650
Interprovincial migrants	2,290	1,170	1,120	145	70	70
External migrants	1,280	550	730	160	65	95

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 17, CDR [Census division], Alberta and Bayham, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 17, Census division [Census division], Alberta and Bayham, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario