Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cornwall [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Campbellton [Population centre], New Brunswick/Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cornwall Ontario [Census agglomeration]			Campbellton New Brunswick/Quebec [Population centre]
	Data quality , Cornwall [Census agglomeration], Ontario Map : Cornwall [Census agglomeration], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Campbellton [Population centre], New Brunswick/Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	59,699	...	...	10,716	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	58,957	...	...	11,990^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.3	...	...	-10.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	26,936	...	...	5,333	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	26,082	...	...	4,922	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	117.3	...	...	504.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	509.14	...	...	21.23	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	59,700	28,890	30,805	10,720	5,005	5,715
0 to 14 years	9,315	4,755	4,560	1,490	770	715
0 to 4 years	3,080	1,595	1,485	420	225	200
5 to 9 years	3,255	1,660	1,605	520	275	245
10 to 14 years	2,980	1,505	1,475	545	270	275
15 to 64 years	36,990	18,145	18,845	6,685	3,175	3,505
15 to 19 years	3,165	1,640	1,530	525	250	280
20 to 24 years	3,555	1,820	1,740	545	275	270
25 to 29 years	3,285	1,605	1,675	485	230	255
30 to 34 years	3,185	1,555	1,625	480	210	270
35 to 39 years	3,095	1,515	1,580	465	230	240
40 to 44 years	3,195	1,510	1,685	590	265	320
45 to 49 years	3,420	1,645	1,775	715	330	385
50 to 54 years	4,675	2,270	2,400	965	460	510
55 to 59 years	4,920	2,400	2,520	1,015	490	520
60 to 64 years	4,495	2,180	2,310	895	435	455
65 years and over	13,395	5,995	7,400	2,545	1,055	1,485
65 to 69 years	4,265	2,050	2,215	815	385	430
70 to 74 years	3,055	1,460	1,600	550	235	315
75 to 79 years	2,380	1,090	1,295	460	190	270
80 to 84 years	1,785	775	1,010	395	155	240
85 years and over	1,910	620	1,290	325	95	230
85 to 89 years	1,170	415	755	200	70	135
90 to 94 years	545	160	390	100	20	75
95 to 99 years	165	40	125	20	5	15
100 years and over	25	0	20	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.6	16.5	14.8	13.9	15.4	12.5
15 to 64 years	62.0	62.8	61.2	62.4	63.4	61.3
65 years and over	22.4	20.8	24.0	23.7	21.1	26.0
85 years and over	3.2	2.1	4.2	3.0	1.9	4.0
Average age of the population	44.1	42.9	45.2	46.3	44.7	47.7
Median age of the population	46.6	45.1	48.0	50.3	49.0	51.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	26,080	...	...	4,925	...	...
Single-detached house	14,890	...	...	2,960	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,145	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,935	...	...	1,885	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,185	...	...	175	...	...
Row house	1,215	...	...	280	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,850	...	...	325	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,560	...	...	1,015	...	...
Other single-attached house	120	...	...	85	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	115	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	26,085	...	...	4,920	...	...
1 person	8,250	...	...	1,870	...	...
2 persons	9,995	...	...	1,740	...	...
3 persons	3,585	...	...	670	...	...
4 persons	2,750	...	...	470	...	...
5 or more persons	1,500	...	...	175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	58,135	...	...	10,195	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	50,385	24,140	26,250	9,225	4,235	4,995
Married or living common law	28,725	14,355	14,375	4,635	2,330	2,300
Married	22,710	11,360	11,350	3,400	1,715	1,690
Living common law	6,020	2,995	3,025	1,230	620	615
Not married and not living common law	21,655	9,785	11,870	4,595	1,905	2,695
Never married	12,305	6,650	5,655	2,785	1,315	1,475
Separated	1,830	795	1,030	370	150	220
Divorced	3,505	1,475	2,030	665	285	380
Widowed	4,020	870	3,150	780	155	625
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	17,310	...	...	2,950	...	...
2 persons	10,150	...	...	1,775	...	...
3 persons	3,440	...	...	620	...	...
4 persons	2,535	...	...	425	...	...
5 or more persons	1,185	...	...	125	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	17,310	...	...	2,945	...	...
Total couple families	14,025	...	...	2,245	...	...
Married couples	11,020	...	...	1,635	...	...
Common-law couples	3,005	...	...	615	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,280	...	...	700	...	...
Female parent	2,615	...	...	575	...	...
Male parent	675	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	14,025	...	...	2,245	...	...
Couples without children	8,110	...	...	1,320	...	...
Couples with children	5,915	...	...	925	...	...
1 child	2,555	...	...	450	...	...
2 children	2,285	...	...	370	...	...
3 or more children	1,075	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,280	...	...	700	...	...
1 child	2,040	...	...	455	...	...
2 children	885	...	...	175	...	...
3 or more children	360	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,025	5,145	5,880	2,415	1,015	1,395
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	26,080	...	...	4,920	...	...
One-census-family households	16,705	...	...	2,865	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,875	...	...	1,295	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	8,835	...	...	1,570	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	300	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,080	...	...	2,015	...	...
One-person households	8,250	...	...	1,870	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	830	...	...	145	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	58,620	28,485	30,140	10,285	4,800	5,490
English only	34,575	17,380	17,200	3,250	1,600	1,650
French only	470	185	285	1,180	500	680
English and French	23,410	10,860	12,550	5,860	2,700	3,160
Neither English nor French	165	65	100	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	58,620	28,485	30,135	10,290	4,800	5,490
English	45,890	22,615	23,270	4,900	2,335	2,560
French	12,095	5,555	6,535	5,300	2,420	2,880
English and French	480	250	230	90	45	45
Neither English nor French	150	60	95	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	12,335	5,680	6,650	5,350	2,355	2,585
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	21.0	19.9	22.1	52.0	49.1	47.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	58,620	28,485	30,140	10,290	4,795	5,495
Single responses	57,190	27,810	29,375	9,990	4,660	5,330
Official languages	54,125	26,295	27,835	9,565	4,460	5,100
English	41,840	20,660	21,180	4,330	2,080	2,250
French	12,285	5,630	6,650	5,230	2,385	2,845
Non-official languages	3,060	1,520	1,545	430	205	225
Aboriginal languages	65	35	25	310	140	170
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	305	135	165
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	305	135	170
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	5	305	135	170
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	5	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	20	25	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,000	1,485	1,515	120	60	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	165	85	75	20	10	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	160	90	70	20	10	10
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	145	80	65	20	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	35	30	0	5	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	35	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	80	10	65	10	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	15	50	10	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	10	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	405	205	200	5	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	5	0	0	0
Tamil	390	195	190	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,960	990	975	60	35	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	195	95	105	10	5	0
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	190	90	100	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	85	40	45	0	0	5
Russian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	435	215	220	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	165	90	75	5	0	5
Frisian	5	0	5	0	0	0
German	240	115	125	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	50	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	850	435	410	35	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	725	370	350	35	20	15
Bengali	45	25	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	30	25	0	5	0
Hindi	25	10	15	20	5	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	55	55	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	475	250	230	10	10	5
Iranian languages	120	60	60	5	5	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	65	35	30	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	55	25	30	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	380	190	190	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italian	170	90	75	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Romanian	40	20	20	5	0	0
Spanish	135	65	75	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	10	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	60	65	5	5	0
Chinese languages	130	65	70	5	5	0
Cantonese	65	35	35	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	50	15	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,430	670	760	300	130	165
English and French	1,110	520	590	220	100	125
English and non-official language	255	115	135	65	30	30
French and non-official language	30	15	15	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	40	20	15	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	58,620	28,485	30,135	10,285	4,795	5,495
Single responses	57,045	27,755	29,290	9,895	4,620	5,275
Official languages	55,595	27,040	28,555	9,710	4,525	5,180
English	50,275	24,650	25,625	5,010	2,365	2,650
French	5,315	2,390	2,930	4,705	2,165	2,535
Non-official languages	1,450	715	735	185	95	90
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	140	70	65
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	135	70	70
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	135	70	70
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	135	70	65
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,430	700	725	45	25	20
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	40	40	10	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	35	40	10	5	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	70	35	35	10	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	25	0	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	45	20	25	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	290	150	135	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	280	150	135	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	850	415	435	20	10	15
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	595	285	305	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	495	245	250	20	10	10
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	0	10	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	375	180	195	5	0	5
Iranian languages	95	40	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	70	70	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	70	30	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	45	40	5	0	0
Chinese languages	90	40	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	30	25	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,575	725	845	390	170	220
English and French	900	395	505	235	100	135
English and non-official language	595	295	305	140	65	75
French and non-official language	20	10	10	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	60	30	30	10	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	58,620	28,480	30,135	10,290	4,800	5,490
None	47,900	23,615	24,280	7,890	3,710	4,180
English	3,475	1,575	1,900	1,290	590	700
French	6,130	2,755	3,375	800	350	450
Non-official language	990	465	530	270	125	140
Aboriginal	115	50	65	210	95	115
Non-Aboriginal	875	415	465	60	30	30
English and French	30	20	10	5	0	0
English and non-official language	30	20	15	5	5	0
French and non-official language	55	30	25	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	48,820	23,505	25,315	8,710	3,995	4,710
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,920	22,595	24,320	8,390	3,840	4,550
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,390	33,232	24,844	26,444	30,605	23,454
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,930	22,595	24,335	8,390	3,835	4,550
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,384	30,314	23,575	24,819	28,429	22,441
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	38,835	19,275	19,560	6,655	3,195	3,460
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,887	32,292	21,933	23,609	27,029	21,317
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	37,315	17,065	20,245	6,815	2,935	3,880
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,104	8,620	9,524	9,521	9,776	9,454
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	30,400	15,875	14,520	5,265	2,580	2,680
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,062	31,438	24,881	25,033	27,739	23,117
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	48,820	23,505	25,315	8,695	3,985	4,705
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,935	22,580	24,355	8,355	3,840	4,515
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,109	41,181	31,406	34,667	39,774	30,319
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,940	22,580	24,360	8,350	3,840	4,510
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,385	35,239	27,812	29,885	33,430	26,866
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	38,800	19,230	19,565	6,630	3,205	3,425
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,390	40,119	28,759	33,474	38,518	28,759
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	37,170	16,905	20,265	6,770	2,930	3,840
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,698	9,367	9,975	9,987	10,035	9,951
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	30,400	15,800	14,600	5,230	2,600	2,630
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,954	39,228	30,328	34,784	38,394	31,214
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	48,820	23,505	25,310	8,690	3,985	4,705
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	13,825	7,820	6,010	2,385	1,130	1,250
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,901	48,496	41,142	40,647	46,314	38,120
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,826	56,998	47,395	50,423	56,927	44,513
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.8	83.1	73.7	76.0	79.9	71.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.3	65.8	58.1	61.4	64.1	58.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.2	16.9	26.3	24.0	20.0	28.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	48,820	23,505	25,315	8,705	3,995	4,710
Without total income	1,900	910	995	320	160	160
With total income	46,915	22,595	24,320	8,385	3,840	4,550
Percentage with total income	96.1	96.1	96.1	96.3	96.1	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,955	2,550	3,405	1,365	585	780
$10,000 to $19,999	10,270	4,125	6,145	1,765	640	1,125
$20,000 to $29,999	8,350	3,635	4,715	1,550	655	895
$30,000 to $39,999	6,445	3,050	3,395	1,240	590	650
$40,000 to $49,999	5,070	2,620	2,450	825	405	420
$50,000 to $59,999	3,445	1,990	1,455	495	270	220
$60,000 to $69,999	2,420	1,500	920	335	205	130
$70,000 to $79,999	1,460	925	535	330	180	145
$80,000 to $89,999	1,015	610	405	185	95	90
$90,000 to $99,999	910	485	425	90	55	35
$100,000 and over	1,580	1,110	475	225	160	60
$100,000 to $149,999	1,250	850	400	170	120	50
$150,000 and over	335	255	75	55	45	10
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	48,820	23,505	25,310	8,710	3,995	4,710
Without after-tax income	1,890	910	985	320	160	160
With after-tax income	46,925	22,595	24,335	8,390	3,835	4,550
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.1	96.1	96.3	96.0	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,150	2,600	3,545	1,395	585	805
$10,000 to $19,999	10,670	4,265	6,400	1,860	685	1,175
$20,000 to $29,999	9,620	4,320	5,305	1,800	775	1,030
$30,000 to $39,999	7,445	3,680	3,765	1,360	670	690
$40,000 to $49,999	5,165	2,775	2,385	765	395	365
$50,000 to $59,999	3,225	2,015	1,205	515	310	205
$60,000 to $69,999	1,740	1,105	635	350	170	180
$70,000 to $79,999	1,265	705	560	125	85	40
$80,000 and over	1,655	1,130	525	220	150	70
$80,000 to $89,999	765	465	300	80	50	30
$90,000 to $99,999	340	245	95	40	30	15
$100,000 and over	550	420	130	100	75	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	48,820	23,505	25,310	8,710	3,995	4,710
Without employment income	18,420	7,625	10,795	3,445	1,415	2,030
With employment income	30,395	15,875	14,520	5,265	2,580	2,680
Percentage with employment income	62.3	67.5	57.4	60.4	64.6	56.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,920	2,630	2,290	790	365	430
$5,000 to $9,999	2,660	1,180	1,480	525	220	310
$10,000 to $19,999	4,375	1,975	2,400	910	445	465
$20,000 to $29,999	4,015	1,885	2,130	750	330	420
$30,000 to $39,999	3,925	1,895	2,030	630	300	330
$40,000 to $49,999	3,135	1,695	1,440	500	250	245
$50,000 to $59,999	2,190	1,325	865	270	140	130
$60,000 to $69,999	1,525	985	540	270	165	105
$70,000 to $79,999	1,000	630	365	255	135	120
$80,000 and over	2,660	1,675	980	360	230	130
$80,000 to $89,999	745	435	305	150	80	70
$90,000 to $99,999	765	385	380	65	45	25
$100,000 and over	1,150	850	300	145	105	35
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	26,080	...	...	4,920	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,712	...	...	43,051	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,542	...	...	40,112	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,250	...	...	1,870	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,653	...	...	22,409	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,294	...	...	21,938	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	17,830	...	...	3,050	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,398	...	...	62,541	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,064	...	...	56,688	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	26,080	...	...	4,935	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,976	...	...	58,676	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,482	...	...	50,581	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,250	...	...	1,860	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,691	...	...	28,651	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,565	...	...	25,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	17,830	...	...	3,080	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,525	...	...	76,821	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,472	...	...	65,644	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	26,080	...	...	4,920	...	...
Under $5,000	280	...	...	115	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	430	...	...	245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,230	...	...	185	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,630	...	...	450	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,765	...	...	385	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,510	...	...	310	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,600	...	...	335	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,520	...	...	295	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,365	...	...	235	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,310	...	...	230	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,270	...	...	355	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,025	...	...	315	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,715	...	...	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,430	...	...	215	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,200	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,800	...	...	780	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,105	...	...	340	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,160	...	...	220	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	995	...	...	150	...	...
$200,000 and over	540	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	26,085	...	...	4,920	...	...
Under $5,000	290	...	...	115	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	435	...	...	245	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,235	...	...	195	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,705	...	...	465	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,960	...	...	440	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,660	...	...	330	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,770	...	...	350	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,690	...	...	310	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,535	...	...	285	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,480	...	...	240	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,645	...	...	415	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,195	...	...	365	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,810	...	...	280	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,425	...	...	225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,075	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,175	...	...	500	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,655	...	...	300	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	750	...	...	105	...	...
$150,000 and over	770	...	...	90	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	17,235	...	...	2,955	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	67,697	...	...	61,606	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,302	...	...	56,099	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,695	...	...	1,255	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,839	...	...	61,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,302	...	...	55,424	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,985	...	...	940	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,022	...	...	93,408	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,689	...	...	82,074	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,105	...	...	675	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,293	...	...	36,544	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,156	...	...	35,627	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	17,215	...	...	2,985	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,976	...	...	76,194	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,785	...	...	65,011	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,710	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,782	...	...	74,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,043	...	...	62,794	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,935	...	...	935	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,769	...	...	103,732	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,586	...	...	87,059	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,120	...	...	655	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,753	...	...	45,820	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,740	...	...	41,531	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,930	4,670	5,255	2,190	920	1,275
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,648	25,704	24,096	22,196	24,528	20,843
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,545	24,034	23,259	21,592	23,440	20,608
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,925	4,645	5,280	2,190	850	1,340
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,779	35,573	32,201	28,398	31,581	26,374
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,130	30,053	28,319	25,394	27,540	24,030
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	58,130	28,255	29,875	10,195	4,770	5,430
In the bottom half of the distribution	36,950	17,500	19,455	6,875	3,080	3,795
In the bottom decile	8,095	3,805	4,290	1,935	840	1,100
In the second decile	9,130	4,115	5,020	1,595	650	940
In the third decile	7,280	3,465	3,820	1,285	610	675
In the fourth decile	6,390	3,145	3,245	1,080	500	575
In the fifth decile	6,055	2,975	3,085	975	475	505
In the top half of the distribution	21,180	10,760	10,420	3,320	1,690	1,630
In the sixth decile	5,625	2,805	2,820	825	430	395
In the seventh decile	5,125	2,635	2,490	875	450	425
In the eighth decile	4,355	2,185	2,165	785	385	400
In the ninth decile	3,755	1,915	1,840	500	240	255
In the top decile	2,320	1,220	1,100	340	185	155
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	58,130	28,255	29,875	8,960	4,220	4,740
0 to 17 years	11,225	5,770	5,455	1,420	730	695
0 to 5 years	3,690	1,915	1,775	410	235	180
18 to 64 years	34,730	16,895	17,835	5,465	2,590	2,875
65 years and over	12,180	5,595	6,580	2,070	895	1,175
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	13,155	6,030	7,125	2,195	920	1,280
0 to 17 years	3,590	1,835	1,750	480	250	230
0 to 5 years	1,450	745	700	180	105	75
18 to 64 years	7,535	3,450	4,085	1,200	515	685
65 years and over	2,035	745	1,285	525	160	365
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.6	21.3	23.8	24.5	21.8	27.0
0 to 17 years (%)	32.0	31.8	32.1	33.8	34.2	33.1
0 to 5 years (%)	39.3	38.9	39.4	43.9	44.7	41.7
18 to 64 years (%)	21.7	20.4	22.9	22.0	19.9	23.8
65 years and over (%)	16.7	13.3	19.5	25.4	17.9	31.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,795	2,780	3,015	945	425	515
0 to 17 years	1,455	735	720	200	100	100
0 to 5 years	610	315	300	85	45	40
18 to 64 years	4,110	1,970	2,135	690	310	380
65 years and over	230	70	160	45	15	30
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.0	9.8	10.1	10.5	10.1	10.9
0 to 17 years (%)	13.0	12.7	13.2	14.1	13.7	14.4
0 to 5 years (%)	16.5	16.4	16.9	20.7	19.1	22.2
18 to 64 years (%)	11.8	11.7	12.0	12.6	12.0	13.2
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.3	2.4	2.2	1.7	2.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	58,130	28,260	29,875	10,170	4,760	5,410
Official languages	57,965	28,190	29,770	10,175	4,760	5,410
English	57,500	27,985	29,510	9,000	4,305	4,695
French	23,695	10,860	12,840	6,975	3,225	3,750
Non-official languages	4,310	2,025	2,285	850	405	445
Aboriginal languages	200	110	90	575	270	310
Algonquian languages	30	20	10	565	265	305
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	15	10	565	265	305
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	20	10	10	565	260	300
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	10	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	10	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	160	80	75	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	160	80	75	0	10	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,125	1,930	2,200	285	140	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	210	85	125	45	20	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	210	85	120	50	15	30
Amharic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arabic	185	80	105	50	20	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	95	30	65	35	10	20
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	15	15
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	30	65	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	10	20	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	10	15	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	410	235	180	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	395	220	175	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,950	1,375	1,575	155	90	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	220	105	110	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	205	95	115	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	70	30	45	0	0	0
Russian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	585	275	315	15	10	10
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	180	90	90	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	370	190	185	10	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	20	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	155	80	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,220	575	640	35	25	15
Indo-Aryan languages	1,060	510	550	40	20	10
Bengali	130	70	60	0	0	0
Gujarati	80	30	50	0	0	0
Hindi	110	60	50	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	245	130	120	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	790	375	420	30	20	10
Iranian languages	185	80	105	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	65	35	30	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	115	45	75	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	825	370	450	105	60	40
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	230	120	110	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Romanian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Spanish	580	250	325	105	65	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	15	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	25	10	15	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	35	90	15	0	10
American Sign Language	50	0	45	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	50	20	35	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	150	90	60	10	0	10
Chinese languages	150	90	60	10	0	10
Cantonese	85	60	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	15	30	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	20	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	10	45	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	0	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	25	0	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	58,130	28,255	29,875	10,170	4,760	5,415
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	57,115	27,830	29,290	10,035	4,695	5,345
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,075	5,735	5,340	1,730	905	830
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	46,040	22,090	23,950	8,300	3,785	4,515
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,015	425	590	135	70	70
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	58,130	28,260	29,875	10,175	4,760	5,415
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	54,065	26,365	27,700	9,890	4,635	5,260
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,900	1,810	2,090	255	120	135
Before 1981	1,790	850	940	55	15	40
1981 to 1990	425	205	225	10	0	10
1991 to 2000	605	275	325	60	20	40
2001 to 2010	790	345	445	60	45	25
2001 to 2005	425	200	230	30	15	15
2006 to 2010	360	145	215	40	30	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	295	135	155	65	40	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	165	75	85	25	0	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,900	1,810	2,090	255	120	140
Under 5 years	525	280	245	25	10	20
5 to 14 years	780	370	410	40	10	25
15 to 24 years	955	410	545	40	15	20
25 to 44 years	1,455	675	775	115	60	60
45 years and over	190	85	110	35	25	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,900	1,815	2,090	255	120	135
Americas	685	255	430	105	40	70
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	25	0	20	0	0	0
Haiti	25	10	10	20	0	15
Jamaica	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	20	0	15	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	525	190	335	75	20	50
Other places of birth in Americas	50	20	30	10	10	0
Europe	1,695	855	840	60	40	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	25	15	10	0	0	0
France	45	20	15	0	10	0
Germany	190	90	100	10	10	10
Greece	90	50	45	0	0	0
Hungary	55	25	30	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Italy	120	60	60	0	0	0
Netherlands	145	75	75	0	0	10
Poland	40	15	15	0	0	0
Portugal	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romania	25	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	720	355	360	35	25	10
Other places of birth in Europe	160	95	65	10	0	10
Africa	145	75	75	55	25	25
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	25	15	10	20	0	15
Ethiopia	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	30	45	35	25	10
Asia	1,350	615	740	35	20	15
Afghanistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	65	35	30	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	90	40	45	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	20	10	10	0	0	0
India	155	80	75	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	40	20	15	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	10	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	440	195	250	15	10	0
Philippines	110	35	75	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	235	125	105	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	65	15	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	290	140	155	65	40	25
Americas	40	20	20	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	45	20	20	0	0	0
France	25	15	10	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	15	10	10	40	25	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	20	10	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	20	15	10
Asia	185	80	105	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	45	20	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	20	0	15	10	10	0
Philippines	20	10	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	58,135	28,260	29,875	10,175	4,760	5,415
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	4,215	1,980	2,235	350	165	185
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,800	2,795	3,005	385	190	195
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	48,115	23,485	24,635	9,440	4,405	5,035
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,180	995	1,185	200	100	100
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	680	330	350	110	55	55
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	250	160	95	45	30	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	425	165	260	65	25	45
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	880	320	560	95	45	45
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	540	315	230	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	58,130	28,255	29,875	10,170	4,760	5,415
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,365	1,090	1,275	1,675	805	875
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,275	1,035	1,240	1,655	785	870
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,505	730	775	1,390	645	750
Métis	685	275	405	250	135	120
Inuk (Inuit)	80	25	55	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	50	30	20	20	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	55,765	27,170	28,595	8,495	3,955	4,535
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	58,130	28,260	29,875	10,170	4,760	5,410
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,135	555	575	1,390	645	745
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	56,995	27,700	29,295	8,780	4,115	4,665
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	58,130	28,260	29,875	10,175	4,760	5,410
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	730	345	385	1,230	600	630
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	715	340	375	1,200	580	615
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	600	315	285	1,120	525	595
Métis single ancestry	95	20	75	75	55	25
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	15	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	15	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	10	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,390	1,470	1,920	600	280	325
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,290	1,435	1,860	590	280	310
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,575	1,135	1,445	425	195	225
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	640	280	360	165	75	90
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	25	50	0	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	95	35	60	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	95	30	65	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	54,010	26,440	27,565	8,340	3,885	4,460
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	58,130	28,260	29,875	10,170	4,760	5,415
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,915	1,435	1,480	275	115	160
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,535	780	750	50	30	20
Chinese	195	105	85	0	0	10
Black	450	225	225	140	55	90
Filipino	160	50	110	10	0	0
Latin American	70	25	40	10	0	0
Arab	110	65	50	45	20	30
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	85	30	55	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	155	70	90	0	0	0
Korean	20	20	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	80	40	40	20	0	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	55,215	26,825	28,390	9,895	4,645	5,250
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	58,130	28,255	29,875	10,170	4,760	5,415
North American Aboriginal origins	4,125	1,810	2,310	1,830	875	955
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,285	1,485	1,800	1,580	740	840
Inuit	100	35	65	15	10	10
Métis	850	330	515	275	145	135
Other North American origins	31,000	14,940	16,060	6,125	2,850	3,280
Acadian	75	25	45	705	330	375
American	780	295	480	30	20	10
Canadian	30,435	14,700	15,735	5,585	2,585	3,005
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Québécois	55	35	20	40	25	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	37,260	18,075	19,190	4,690	2,150	2,540
British Isles origins	24,385	11,805	12,575	2,780	1,305	1,470
Channel Islander	15	0	10	20	10	15
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	11,790	5,560	6,225	1,410	670	735
Irish	10,290	4,890	5,400	1,165	525	640
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	10,450	5,170	5,280	1,000	470	530
Welsh	695	325	375	15	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,115	490	620	50	15	35
French origins	18,895	8,895	10,000	2,790	1,250	1,540
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	15	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	18,885	8,890	9,995	2,790	1,255	1,540
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,190	3,065	3,120	170	75	95
Austrian	95	35	55	10	0	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	215	125	90	10	10	0
Dutch	2,075	1,090	990	35	15	25
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	50	30	25	0	0	0
German	4,245	2,050	2,195	135	60	75
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	80	40	40	10	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	665	335	330	90	45	40
Danish	145	90	55	10	10	0
Finnish	110	55	55	0	0	0
Icelandic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	245	135	110	55	30	30
Swedish	180	80	100	20	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,870	860	1,010	20	10	10
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	45	35	15	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	340	130	205	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	805	350	455	10	10	10
Romanian	90	35	60	0	0	0
Russian	150	70	75	10	10	0
Slovak	60	25	35	0	0	0
Ukrainian	455	215	235	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,415	1,170	1,245	100	50	55
Albanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	310	175	145	0	0	0
Italian	1,545	735	815	65	35	30
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	10	10	10
Maltese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	25	10	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	70	70	10	0	10
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	270	125	145	20	15	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	40	15	30	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	160	80	85	15	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	45	30	20	10	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	110	50	60	10	0	10
Caribbean origins	310	150	165	70	25	50
Antiguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	10	15	15	0
Dominican	35	20	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	20	20	15	0	15
Jamaican	85	30	55	35	0	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	205	85	120	10	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Costa Rican	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	90	40	50	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	35	10	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	460	220	235	100	45	50
Central and West African origins	65	25	35	20	0	15
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	20	0	10
North African origins	110	60	50	30	15	20
Algerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	50	35	15	30	10	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	10	20	0	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80	25	55	20	15	15
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	25	0	15	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mauritian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	35	15	20	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	205	110	90	35	25	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	45	35	15	20	10	15
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	155	80	75	15	15	0
Asian origins	2,520	1,215	1,305	150	65	85
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	470	200	270	75	30	45
Afghan	45	10	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	40	15	25	20	10	15
Armenian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	160	70	90	50	25	25
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	45	30	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	20	0	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	25	15	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	25	10	20	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,560	800	765	45	25	20
Bangladeshi	70	40	35	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	645	335	310	30	20	15
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	500	230	270	15	10	10
Punjabi	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	285	165	125	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	65	35	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	495	220	275	30	0	25
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	205	105	100	20	0	15
Filipino	185	65	120	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	30	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	40	25	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	50	20	30	0	0	0
Australian	55	20	30	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	26,080	...	...	4,935	...	...
Owner	16,005	...	...	3,160	...	...
Renter	10,075	...	...	1,715	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	26,080	...	...	4,935	...	...
Condominium	625	...	...	220	...	...
Not condominium	25,455	...	...	4,715	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	26,085	...	...	4,935	...	...
No bedrooms	110	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	3,085	...	...	705	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,765	...	...	1,490	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,375	...	...	1,635	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,740	...	...	1,085	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	26,080	...	...	4,935	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,640	...	...	1,195	...	...
5 rooms	4,625	...	...	1,100	...	...
6 rooms	4,475	...	...	755	...	...
7 rooms	3,805	...	...	665	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,540	...	...	1,215	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	26,080	...	...	4,935	...	...
One person or fewer per room	25,910	...	...	4,920	...	...
More than 1 person per room	170	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	26,080	...	...	4,935	...	...
Suitable	25,325	...	...	4,815	...	...
Not suitable	755	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	26,085	...	...	4,935	...	...
1960 or before	9,730	...	...	1,750	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,160	...	...	1,650	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,540	...	...	570	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,150	...	...	490	...	...
2001 to 2005	775	...	...	155	...	...
2006 to 2010	860	...	...	170	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	865	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	26,080	...	...	4,935	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	23,930	...	...	4,445	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,155	...	...	490	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	26,080	...	...	4,935	...	...
1 household maintainer	16,490	...	...	3,530	...	...
2 household maintainers	9,320	...	...	1,385	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	270	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	26,085	...	...	4,935	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,055	...	...	155	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,105	...	...	465	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,520	...	...	670	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,755	...	...	970	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,540	...	...	1,140	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,495	...	...	860	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,615	...	...	545	...	...
85 years and over	995	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	25,965	...	...	4,345	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	18,845	...	...	3,435	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,120	...	...	910	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,590	...	...	855	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,915	...	...	2,710	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.7	...	...	48.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.9	...	...	10.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	888	...	...	643	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	979	...	...	795	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	189,800	...	...	109,676	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	213,706	...	...	130,676	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,080	...	...	1,650	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.4	...	...	23.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	48.8	...	...	38.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	758	...	...	549	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	802	...	...	573	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	48,820	23,505	25,315	8,690	3,980	4,710
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,770	6,040	5,730	2,375	1,220	1,155
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	15,985	7,690	8,295	2,090	915	1,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,065	9,780	11,290	4,225	1,850	2,380
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,945	2,865	1,080	945	620	320
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,005	1,275	730	600	355	250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,940	1,585	350	340	270	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,645	4,555	7,090	2,015	760	1,255
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	730	285	440	245	95	150
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,750	2,075	2,675	1,025	370	650
Bachelor's degree	3,395	1,425	1,980	715	250	470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	420	175	245	80	25	55
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	55	35	60	30	30
Master's degree	760	375	390	165	70	95
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	85	55	30	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	29,940	14,390	15,555	5,380	2,510	2,865
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,010	2,705	2,300	1,020	630	395
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,935	4,915	5,015	1,285	590	695
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,005	6,765	8,240	3,070	1,295	1,770
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,510	1,815	705	600	360	240
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,245	785	460	420	230	190
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,270	1,030	240	180	135	50
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,825	3,460	5,360	1,510	590	925
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	385	165	210	150	55	95
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,285	1,325	1,960	805	285	520
Bachelor's degree	2,390	950	1,435	550	185	365
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	265	105	155	60	25	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	35	30	60	25	30
Master's degree	525	210	315	130	50	80
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	25	20	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	48,815	23,505	25,315	8,690	3,985	4,705
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	27,755	13,725	14,025	4,465	2,135	2,330
Education	1,565	385	1,175	365	85	275
13. Education	1,560	385	1,175	365	90	275
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	405	195	210	85	20	70
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	80	30	15	0	15
50. Visual and performing arts	300	120	185	75	20	55
Humanities	800	325	480	115	55	65
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	10	45	20	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	185	80	110	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	310	90	225	40	20	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	45	30	15	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	55	15	15	10	10
54. History	100	55	40	20	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	45	10	35	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,155	575	1,580	330	75	250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	55	60	10	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	535	60	475	175	30	145
22. Legal professions and studies	380	125	255	40	0	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	170	25	140	0	0	0
42. Psychology	405	75	325	65	15	50
45. Social sciences	545	230	310	40	25	20
Business, management and public administration	4,210	1,360	2,850	675	175	505
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	665	85	585	65	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,545	1,275	2,270	610	160	450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	430	265	165	40	10	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	165	75	85	30	10	25
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	25	25	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	165	125	40	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	35	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	470	280	185	105	50	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	390	250	140	65	40	25
25. Library science	35	0	30	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	25	15	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,545	4,315	230	860	820	35
04. Architecture and related services	60	40	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	350	310	40	50	45	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	995	890	105	150	135	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,125	1,110	15	215	210	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,325	1,290	30	280	280	0
48. Precision production	685	665	20	160	155	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	295	215	85	145	120	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	165	115	50	50	45	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	95	30	90	80	15
Health and related fields	4,225	780	3,445	1,125	230	895
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	215	105	110	30	25	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,985	665	3,325	1,070	190	885
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	20	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,960	1,085	875	380	215	165
12. Personal and culinary services	1,000	265	730	200	55	140
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	480	360	125	60	40	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	470	455	15	120	125	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	29,945	14,390	15,550	5,375	2,515	2,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	14,940	7,625	7,315	2,305	1,215	1,095
Education	975	225	755	230	50	180
13. Education	975	225	755	225	45	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	305	135	165	60	15	45
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	55	15	20	0	15
50. Visual and performing arts	230	80	150	50	20	30
Humanities	475	185	290	80	35	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	25	15	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	130	45	85	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	55	120	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	20	0	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	25	0	10	0	0
54. History	80	45	30	20	15	0
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	15	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,660	415	1,240	270	65	195
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	50	45	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	420	55	365	140	30	105
22. Legal professions and studies	295	75	220	35	10	30
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	150	15	135	0	0	0
42. Psychology	300	60	240	55	15	45
45. Social sciences	400	165	235	30	15	10
Business, management and public administration	3,090	945	2,140	550	130	420
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	560	65	490	60	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,535	885	1,645	485	120	365
Physical and life sciences and technologies	245	145	105	30	10	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	65	50	15	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	20	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	75	50	25	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	385	245	140	90	45	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	345	225	115	70	35	30
25. Library science	20	0	20	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	0	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,080	2,880	200	590	550	35
04. Architecture and related services	40	30	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	230	195	35	50	35	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	730	640	95	130	115	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	765	750	15	145	140	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	845	815	30	195	190	0
48. Precision production	460	440	20	75	65	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	240	155	85	115	95	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	85	50	45	40	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	100	70	30	70	60	15
Health and related fields	3,075	610	2,465	790	155	635
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	160	85	80	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,890	515	2,375	750	125	625
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	20	15	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,475	825	650	270	150	125
12. Personal and culinary services	710	185	525	130	25	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	400	295	105	35	20	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	365	345	20	100	100	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	48,820	23,505	25,315	8,690	3,980	4,710
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,755	13,730	14,030	4,465	2,140	2,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	21,065	9,775	11,285	4,225	1,845	2,375
Location of study inside Canada	19,775	9,140	10,635	4,060	1,760	2,305
Same as province or territory of residence	17,235	7,935	9,300	2,955	1,300	1,650
Different than province or territory of residence	2,540	1,200	1,340	1,110	460	655
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,290	640	650	165	85	75
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	385	190	195	40	15	25
Philippines	50	10	45	10	0	0
India	85	45	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	260	140	125	25	20	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	10	0	10
Other	475	240	235	90	50	35
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	29,940	14,390	15,555	5,380	2,515	2,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	14,940	7,625	7,315	2,305	1,215	1,090
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,005	6,770	8,240	3,065	1,300	1,770
Location of study inside Canada	14,125	6,370	7,760	2,930	1,225	1,705
Same as province or territory of residence	12,655	5,710	6,945	2,110	870	1,240
Different than province or territory of residence	1,470	655	815	820	350	465
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	875	400	480	135	70	65
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	300	140	170	30	15	20
Philippines	45	10	35	0	0	0
India	60	30	30	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	80	40	40	10	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	10	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	355	170	185	85	50	40
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	48,820	23,505	25,315	8,690	3,985	4,705
In the labour force	27,140	14,075	13,065	4,650	2,295	2,355
Employed	24,655	12,595	12,055	4,020	1,935	2,085
Unemployed	2,485	1,475	1,010	635	365	270
Not in the labour force	21,675	9,430	12,250	4,040	1,690	2,350
Participation rate	55.6	59.9	51.6	53.5	57.6	50.1
Employment rate	50.5	53.6	47.6	46.3	48.6	44.3
Unemployment rate	9.2	10.5	7.7	13.7	15.9	11.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	48,815	23,505	25,315	8,690	3,985	4,705
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	20,805	9,010	11,800	3,860	1,605	2,255
Worked	28,010	14,495	13,515	4,830	2,375	2,455
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	14,160	8,030	6,125	2,435	1,155	1,280
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	13,855	6,465	7,390	2,395	1,220	1,170
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.5	42.6	42.4	40.7	39.5	41.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	27,145	14,075	13,065	4,650	2,300	2,355
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	745	375	370	120	50	65
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	26,400	13,700	12,695	4,530	2,245	2,285
Employee	24,305	12,380	11,920	4,280	2,120	2,155
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,095	1,320	775	250	125	130
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	27,145	14,075	13,070	4,650	2,295	2,355
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	745	375	370	120	55	70
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	26,400	13,700	12,695	4,530	2,245	2,290
0 Management occupations	2,060	1,200	865	405	180	220
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,665	1,190	2,475	560	125	435
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	840	730	110	150	110	40
3 Health occupations	2,120	410	1,715	660	160	505
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,880	865	2,020	575	165	405
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	415	165	245	75	40	30
6 Sales and service occupations	7,145	2,900	4,245	1,155	570	580
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,185	4,690	490	660	620	40
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	315	230	85	95	80	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,775	1,320	450	205	195	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	27,145	14,075	13,070	4,650	2,295	2,355
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	740	370	370	120	55	65
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	26,400	13,700	12,700	4,530	2,245	2,290
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	240	170	70	70	60	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	30	0	10	10	0
22 Utilities	150	135	10	35	25	0
23 Construction	2,030	1,865	160	230	225	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,725	1,960	760	385	350	30
41 Wholesale trade	785	565	220	30	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	4,100	1,900	2,200	770	350	425
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,965	1,540	420	145	115	35
51 Information and cultural industries	310	165	150	55	35	20
52 Finance and insurance	570	175	395	65	15	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	340	220	120	30	25	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	915	500	415	115	50	65
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	0	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,380	735	645	160	110	50
61 Educational services	1,715	570	1,140	335	80	250
62 Health care and social assistance	3,800	665	3,135	1,235	305	930
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	395	160	240	35	30	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,145	810	1,335	265	125	140
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,145	640	500	190	110	80
91 Public administration	1,640	895	745	375	225	155
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	24,655	12,595	12,060	4,020	1,935	2,085
Worked at home	1,145	605	545	155	35	120
Worked outside Canada	90	55	40	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	2,415	1,705	710	350	275	80
Worked at usual place	21,005	10,230	10,770	3,510	1,625	1,890
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	21,000	10,235	10,770	3,510	1,620	1,885
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,800	6,275	7,525	1,900	815	1,085
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,285	2,625	2,665	1,295	675	620
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,445	985	465	55	35	20
Commute to a different province or territory	470	350	125	255	100	155
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	23,415	11,935	11,480	3,860	1,895	1,965
Car, truck, van - as a driver	18,840	9,940	8,900	3,215	1,580	1,630
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,035	905	1,135	300	135	165
Public transit	775	250	530	15	15	0
Walked	1,395	615	785	270	125	140
Bicycle	185	135	60	0	0	0
Other method	170	95	75	65	35	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	23,415	11,935	11,475	3,860	1,895	1,965
Less than 15 minutes	11,410	5,250	6,165	2,850	1,270	1,580
15 to 29 minutes	7,685	4,020	3,670	665	390	280
30 to 44 minutes	2,035	1,070	960	140	85	55
45 to 59 minutes	655	430	220	35	35	10
60 minutes and over	1,630	1,165	460	160	110	50
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	23,415	11,940	11,480	3,860	1,895	1,965
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,380	1,600	775	200	180	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,650	2,935	1,710	490	330	160
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,790	2,720	3,070	1,545	635	910
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,935	1,240	2,695	870	335	530
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,890	680	1,210	215	75	135
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,765	2,750	2,010	540	340	200
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	28,985	14,970	14,010	5,010	2,455	2,555
Single responses	27,655	14,410	13,245	4,050	2,030	2,020
Official languages	27,620	14,380	13,235	4,035	2,020	2,020
English	26,290	13,835	12,460	2,170	1,135	1,035
French	1,325	555	775	1,870	880	985
Non-official languages	35	30	10	20	15	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	25	10	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,325	560	765	960	425	535
English and French	1,250	545	710	920	410	505
English and non-official language	50	10	45	35	10	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	28,980	14,970	14,010	5,015	2,455	2,555
None	22,070	11,890	10,175	2,745	1,385	1,365
English	870	395	475	1,300	620	680
French	5,915	2,595	3,320	880	425	455
Non-official language	105	70	35	80	25	60
Aboriginal	20	0	15	75	20	55
Non-Aboriginal	80	60	20	0	10	0
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	15	0	0	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	57,475	27,975	29,495	10,055	4,700	5,350
Non-movers	49,300	24,020	25,275	8,985	4,215	4,770
Movers	8,170	3,955	4,220	1,065	490	580
Non-migrants	5,595	2,595	3,005	640	295	340
Migrants	2,580	1,360	1,215	430	195	240
Internal migrants	2,475	1,320	1,150	410	180	230
Intraprovincial migrants	1,870	1,035	835	285	115	170
Interprovincial migrants	605	285	320	125	65	65
External migrants	105	35	65	20	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	55,050	26,690	28,365	9,715	4,505	5,215
Non-movers	33,695	16,410	17,285	6,905	3,220	3,685
Movers	21,355	10,275	11,080	2,810	1,280	1,530
Non-migrants	13,725	6,475	7,250	1,665	710	955
Migrants	7,630	3,800	3,830	1,145	570	570
Internal migrants	7,230	3,615	3,620	1,065	535	525
Intraprovincial migrants	5,480	2,810	2,670	775	385	390
Interprovincial migrants	1,750	805	945	290	150	140
External migrants	400	185	210	80	35	50

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cornwall [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Campbellton [Population centre], New Brunswick/Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 25, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cornwall [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Campbellton [Population centre], New Brunswick/Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cornwall [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Campbellton [Population centre], New Brunswick/Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cornwall [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Campbellton [Population centre], New Brunswick/Quebec