Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brockville [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Shawinigan [Census agglomeration], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brockville Ontario [Census agglomeration]			Shawinigan Quebec [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Brockville [Census agglomeration], Ontario Map : Brockville [Census agglomeration], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Shawinigan [Census agglomeration], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	38,553	...	...	54,181	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	39,024	...	...	54,489^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.2	...	...	-0.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	17,818	...	...	29,070	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	16,912	...	...	26,336	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	43.2	...	...	64.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	893.23	...	...	843.38	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	38,550	18,545	20,010	54,180	26,300	27,880
0 to 14 years	5,140	2,600	2,540	6,850	3,510	3,335
0 to 4 years	1,510	780	730	2,400	1,195	1,200
5 to 9 years	1,710	855	850	2,325	1,220	1,105
10 to 14 years	1,925	965	965	2,125	1,095	1,030
15 to 64 years	24,005	11,785	12,220	33,040	16,540	16,505
15 to 19 years	2,220	1,110	1,110	2,400	1,215	1,185
20 to 24 years	2,095	1,040	1,045	2,625	1,360	1,265
25 to 29 years	1,825	970	865	2,435	1,235	1,200
30 to 34 years	1,775	885	890	2,695	1,360	1,335
35 to 39 years	1,815	880	935	2,920	1,480	1,435
40 to 44 years	2,210	1,060	1,145	2,570	1,280	1,290
45 to 49 years	2,470	1,205	1,260	2,795	1,420	1,370
50 to 54 years	3,160	1,500	1,665	4,175	2,055	2,120
55 to 59 years	3,360	1,650	1,705	5,400	2,620	2,780
60 to 64 years	3,080	1,475	1,600	5,035	2,505	2,525
65 years and over	9,410	4,155	5,250	14,295	6,255	8,040
65 to 69 years	2,975	1,395	1,585	4,370	2,130	2,240
70 to 74 years	2,265	1,075	1,190	3,440	1,635	1,810
75 to 79 years	1,700	750	945	2,330	1,010	1,320
80 to 84 years	1,225	520	700	1,920	770	1,150
85 years and over	1,245	415	825	2,240	705	1,530
85 to 89 years	740	270	470	1,405	500	915
90 to 94 years	375	120	260	680	185	500
95 to 99 years	105	25	85	120	30	95
100 years and over	15	0	15	30	0	25
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.3	14.0	12.7	12.6	13.3	12.0
15 to 64 years	62.3	63.5	61.1	61.0	62.9	59.2
65 years and over	24.4	22.4	26.2	26.4	23.8	28.8
85 years and over	3.2	2.2	4.1	4.1	2.7	5.5
Average age of the population	46.0	44.8	47.2	47.7	46.2	49.1
Median age of the population	49.5	48.1	50.8	52.4	50.8	53.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	16,915	...	...	26,335	...	...
Single-detached house	11,305	...	...	13,770	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	585	...	...	10	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,935	...	...	12,460	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,000	...	...	705	...	...
Row house	845	...	...	210	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	125	...	...	2,475	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,865	...	...	8,745	...	...
Other single-attached house	95	...	...	325	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	85	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	16,910	...	...	26,340	...	...
1 person	5,085	...	...	10,510	...	...
2 persons	6,780	...	...	9,960	...	...
3 persons	2,365	...	...	2,955	...	...
4 persons	1,795	...	...	2,050	...	...
5 or more persons	880	...	...	865	...	...
Number of persons in private households	37,735	...	...	52,180	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	33,410	15,940	17,475	47,335	22,790	24,540
Married or living common law	19,490	9,740	9,750	25,440	12,720	12,715
Married	16,135	8,060	8,075	14,420	7,210	7,215
Living common law	3,355	1,680	1,680	11,015	5,510	5,505
Not married and not living common law	13,925	6,205	7,725	21,890	10,070	11,825
Never married	7,650	4,150	3,495	13,165	7,205	5,960
Separated	1,100	460	640	570	255	315
Divorced	2,530	1,055	1,470	4,200	1,740	2,465
Widowed	2,640	530	2,115	3,960	870	3,085
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	11,455	...	...	15,090	...	...
2 persons	6,865	...	...	9,655	...	...
3 persons	2,270	...	...	2,795	...	...
4 persons	1,660	...	...	1,925	...	...
5 or more persons	670	...	...	715	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	11,460	...	...	15,090	...	...
Total couple families	9,605	...	...	12,440	...	...
Married couples	7,925	...	...	6,955	...	...
Common-law couples	1,675	...	...	5,490	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,855	...	...	2,650	...	...
Female parent	1,460	...	...	1,965	...	...
Male parent	395	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	9,600	...	...	12,440	...	...
Couples without children	5,695	...	...	7,975	...	...
Couples with children	3,910	...	...	4,470	...	...
1 child	1,755	...	...	2,025	...	...
2 children	1,520	...	...	1,765	...	...
3 or more children	635	...	...	675	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,855	...	...	2,650	...	...
1 child	1,170	...	...	1,685	...	...
2 children	510	...	...	770	...	...
3 or more children	170	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	6,985	3,065	3,915	12,965	6,190	6,770
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	16,910	...	...	26,335	...	...
One-census-family households	11,055	...	...	14,880	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,520	...	...	7,890	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,535	...	...	6,985	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	200	...	...	105	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,655	...	...	11,355	...	...
One-person households	5,090	...	...	10,515	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	565	...	...	835	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	37,885	18,220	19,670	52,890	25,855	27,035
English only	34,020	16,535	17,485	70	45	25
French only	20	5	10	40,755	19,065	21,690
English and French	3,765	1,645	2,115	12,040	6,735	5,305
Neither English nor French	90	30	60	25	10	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	37,890	18,220	19,670	52,895	25,855	27,035
English	36,740	17,710	19,035	515	270	245
French	1,010	455	555	52,210	25,495	26,715
English and French	60	25	30	145	80	65
Neither English nor French	75	25	50	20	10	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,040	470	570	585	310	280
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.7	2.6	2.9	1.1	1.2	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	37,885	18,215	19,670	52,890	25,855	27,035
Single responses	37,610	18,100	19,505	52,565	25,685	26,880
Official languages	35,855	17,300	18,555	52,150	25,465	26,685
English	34,790	16,815	17,975	475	245	230
French	1,065	485	580	51,675	25,225	26,455
Non-official languages	1,750	800	955	415	215	200
Aboriginal languages	10	5	0	35	10	25
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	30	15	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	35	15	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	30	15	20
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,745	795	950	380	200	175
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	35	80	45	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	30	35	75	45	30
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	60	30	30	75	45	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	25	35	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	55	20	35	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	15	40	10	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	15	35	10	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	5	5	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,250	580	675	180	85	100
Albanian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	60	105	10	5	10
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	5
Latvian	10	5	10	5	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	55	100	10	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	75	30	45	0	0	5
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	5
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	10	0	10	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	665	295	365	25	10	15
Afrikaans	20	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	390	180	215	5	0	0
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	210	90	120	20	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	40	35	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	150	85	65	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	15	5	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	175	90	85	120	55	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	35	30	15	10	10
Portuguese	15	10	10	10	5	5
Romanian	15	10	5	5	0	5
Spanish	80	35	50	90	40	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	85	110	55	30	25
Chinese languages	195	85	110	60	30	30
Cantonese	50	25	30	5	5	5
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	50	65	35	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	5	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	5	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	35	20	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	25	10	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	275	115	160	330	170	155
English and French	130	50	80	265	135	130
English and non-official language	135	60	80	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	25	20
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	10	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	37,885	18,215	19,670	52,890	25,855	27,035
Single responses	37,505	18,050	19,450	52,565	25,685	26,875
Official languages	36,980	17,815	19,170	52,410	25,605	26,800
English	36,685	17,685	19,000	335	170	160
French	300	130	170	52,080	25,435	26,640
Non-official languages	525	240	285	155	85	70
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	5	5
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	525	240	285	145	80	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	40	15	25	20	5	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	15	25	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	10	25	20	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	15	25	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	45	15	25	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	5	15	5	5	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	25	10	10	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	5	5	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	255	120	130	50	25	25
Albanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	25	5	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	15	25	0	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	25	5	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	5	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	10	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	15	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Romanian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	40	20	20	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	10	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	60	70	55	30	25
Chinese languages	130	65	65	55	30	25
Cantonese	35	20	15	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	70	35	40	35	20	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	375	160	220	330	165	165
English and French	90	45	50	220	120	100
English and non-official language	280	120	160	5	10	5
French and non-official language	0	0	5	85	35	45
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	15	5	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	37,890	18,215	19,670	52,895	25,855	27,035
None	36,105	17,445	18,660	50,945	24,800	26,145
English	440	205	230	1,450	805	645
French	730	305	425	240	115	125
Non-official language	585	250	330	200	105	95
Aboriginal	10	5	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal	580	245	330	175	90	85
English and French	5	5	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	5	5	0	45	20	20
French and non-official language	25	5	15	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	32,595	15,570	17,025	45,335	22,110	23,220
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,420	15,000	16,420	44,105	21,615	22,490
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,265	37,990	27,891	28,106	34,299	23,054
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,430	15,005	16,430	44,125	21,615	22,510
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,434	34,131	25,787	25,738	30,448	21,793
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	27,570	13,395	14,180	36,535	18,675	17,865
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,195	35,588	23,838	25,572	30,726	20,303
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	23,915	10,770	13,140	36,865	17,525	19,340
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,031	8,572	9,403	9,351	8,987	9,852
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,120	10,750	10,365	26,865	14,370	12,490
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,061	33,521	25,305	25,878	28,174	23,699
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	32,595	15,575	17,020	45,335	22,115	23,225
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,440	15,015	16,425	44,170	21,605	22,565
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,534	47,787	35,818	34,300	39,505	29,316
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,455	15,015	16,440	44,175	21,610	22,570
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,426	40,154	31,108	29,441	33,398	25,653
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	27,490	13,315	14,175	36,545	18,570	17,975
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,264	46,611	32,362	31,611	37,105	25,936
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,040	10,805	13,235	36,925	17,490	19,435
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,423	8,968	9,795	9,746	9,404	10,053
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,120	10,740	10,380	26,860	14,275	12,590
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,883	42,650	32,952	31,604	34,300	28,548
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	32,600	15,575	17,020	45,335	22,110	23,225
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	10,140	5,540	4,600	10,790	5,825	4,965
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,799	51,803	43,676	40,979	44,174	38,352
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,404	59,655	50,287	46,351	50,529	41,448
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.0	86.6	78.6	76.4	80.9	70.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.1	63.9	57.6	56.3	57.7	54.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	17.0	13.4	21.4	23.6	19.1	29.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	32,595	15,570	17,025	45,340	22,110	23,225
Without total income	1,175	570	605	1,230	505	730
With total income	31,425	15,000	16,420	44,105	21,610	22,490
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.3	96.4	97.3	97.7	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,910	1,665	2,245	5,320	2,115	3,200
$10,000 to $19,999	5,930	2,365	3,560	10,350	3,955	6,395
$20,000 to $29,999	4,920	2,010	2,910	7,595	3,350	4,245
$30,000 to $39,999	4,080	1,870	2,215	6,445	3,375	3,065
$40,000 to $49,999	3,555	1,745	1,815	5,405	3,045	2,355
$50,000 to $59,999	2,480	1,325	1,155	3,260	1,950	1,315
$60,000 to $69,999	1,745	1,015	730	1,955	1,215	740
$70,000 to $79,999	1,340	825	510	1,410	835	575
$80,000 to $89,999	970	575	395	770	515	250
$90,000 to $99,999	840	485	355	465	350	110
$100,000 and over	1,645	1,120	520	1,140	900	240
$100,000 to $149,999	1,180	770	405	840	660	180
$150,000 and over	470	350	115	300	245	60
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	32,595	15,570	17,025	45,340	22,115	23,220
Without after-tax income	1,160	565	595	1,210	500	710
With after-tax income	31,430	15,000	16,435	44,125	21,615	22,510
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.3	96.5	97.3	97.7	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,095	1,700	2,395	5,675	2,150	3,525
$10,000 to $19,999	6,205	2,490	3,715	10,710	4,160	6,550
$20,000 to $29,999	5,695	2,385	3,310	9,245	4,290	4,950
$30,000 to $39,999	4,885	2,340	2,535	8,010	4,385	3,630
$40,000 to $49,999	3,735	1,900	1,830	4,930	2,980	1,945
$50,000 to $59,999	2,340	1,355	985	2,585	1,555	1,030
$60,000 to $69,999	1,595	985	610	1,365	855	510
$70,000 to $79,999	1,200	700	500	625	485	140
$80,000 and over	1,690	1,145	545	970	750	220
$80,000 to $89,999	680	430	245	345	265	80
$90,000 to $99,999	300	195	100	200	155	40
$100,000 and over	710	515	195	425	325	105
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	32,595	15,570	17,025	45,335	22,115	23,225
Without employment income	11,480	4,820	6,660	18,475	7,745	10,730
With employment income	21,120	10,755	10,365	26,860	14,370	12,495
Percentage with employment income	64.8	69.1	60.9	59.2	65.0	53.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,645	1,805	1,840	4,270	2,540	1,725
$5,000 to $9,999	1,835	790	1,050	2,220	995	1,225
$10,000 to $19,999	2,870	1,305	1,575	4,495	2,015	2,475
$20,000 to $29,999	2,420	1,090	1,325	4,060	2,005	2,065
$30,000 to $39,999	2,275	1,055	1,215	3,670	1,930	1,745
$40,000 to $49,999	2,125	1,045	1,080	2,570	1,340	1,235
$50,000 to $59,999	1,530	855	670	1,800	1,035	755
$60,000 to $69,999	1,065	630	440	1,210	710	495
$70,000 to $79,999	900	570	330	995	560	430
$80,000 and over	2,450	1,605	845	1,575	1,235	340
$80,000 to $89,999	690	430	265	485	350	135
$90,000 to $99,999	675	375	300	350	280	75
$100,000 and over	1,075	795	280	735	605	135
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	16,910	...	...	26,335	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,638	...	...	46,027	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,219	...	...	41,574	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,090	...	...	10,515	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,351	...	...	23,503	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,923	...	...	22,538	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	11,820	...	...	15,820	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,293	...	...	65,188	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,443	...	...	57,430	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	16,910	...	...	26,335	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,211	...	...	57,531	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,889	...	...	49,382	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,100	...	...	10,500	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,825	...	...	30,467	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,777	...	...	26,693	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	11,805	...	...	15,835	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,501	...	...	75,474	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,901	...	...	64,424	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	16,910	...	...	26,335	...	...
Under $5,000	175	...	...	215	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	230	...	...	640	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	580	...	...	1,540	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	780	...	...	2,265	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	815	...	...	1,860	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	855	...	...	1,450	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	795	...	...	1,775	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	870	...	...	1,560	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	830	...	...	1,570	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	825	...	...	1,405	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,440	...	...	2,440	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,350	...	...	1,990	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,170	...	...	1,560	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,060	...	...	1,340	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	910	...	...	1,035	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,210	...	...	3,695	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,635	...	...	1,660	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	980	...	...	920	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	995	...	...	740	...	...
$200,000 and over	605	...	...	370	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,910	...	...	26,335	...	...
Under $5,000	190	...	...	235	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	235	...	...	645	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	610	...	...	1,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	805	...	...	2,365	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	930	...	...	2,095	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	935	...	...	1,705	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	955	...	...	2,095	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	975	...	...	1,955	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,020	...	...	1,660	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	905	...	...	1,665	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,660	...	...	2,670	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,550	...	...	2,050	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,305	...	...	1,575	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,095	...	...	1,135	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	825	...	...	780	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,925	...	...	2,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,375	...	...	1,230	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	770	...	...	500	...	...
$150,000 and over	780	...	...	430	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	11,365	...	...	15,215	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,930	...	...	65,681	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,812	...	...	57,785	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	5,395	...	...	7,770	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,126	...	...	59,974	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,685	...	...	52,961	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,955	...	...	4,510	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,976	...	...	94,939	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,929	...	...	81,311	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,745	...	...	2,580	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,293	...	...	44,326	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,750	...	...	41,250	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	11,360	...	...	15,240	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,205	...	...	76,016	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,401	...	...	64,767	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	5,350	...	...	7,780	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,902	...	...	68,600	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,559	...	...	58,399	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,935	...	...	4,505	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	119,300	...	...	105,122	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,743	...	...	88,114	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,775	...	...	2,570	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,664	...	...	48,893	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,854	...	...	43,929	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,380	2,820	3,555	12,090	5,785	6,305
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,678	28,704	28,660	22,836	24,819	21,564
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,765	26,624	26,892	21,984	23,308	21,155
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	6,310	2,785	3,525	12,050	5,745	6,305
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,143	42,094	36,812	29,620	31,377	28,020
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,651	35,438	32,240	26,033	26,959	25,190
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	37,735	18,170	19,565	52,180	25,625	26,550
In the bottom half of the distribution	20,425	9,550	10,875	35,785	17,145	18,640
In the bottom decile	3,910	1,900	2,010	6,400	3,050	3,345
In the second decile	4,295	1,885	2,410	8,000	3,520	4,480
In the third decile	4,110	1,920	2,185	7,575	3,675	3,905
In the fourth decile	4,270	2,010	2,260	7,625	3,770	3,855
In the fifth decile	3,845	1,835	2,010	6,180	3,125	3,050
In the top half of the distribution	17,305	8,620	8,690	16,395	8,485	7,915
In the sixth decile	3,925	1,915	2,005	5,330	2,725	2,600
In the seventh decile	3,720	1,840	1,875	4,280	2,190	2,090
In the eighth decile	3,645	1,830	1,820	3,270	1,695	1,580
In the ninth decile	3,540	1,770	1,775	2,145	1,140	1,005
In the top decile	2,480	1,265	1,215	1,370	725	645
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	37,730	18,170	19,565	52,180	25,625	26,555
0 to 17 years	6,460	3,275	3,185	8,240	4,210	4,030
0 to 5 years	1,820	940	875	2,885	1,470	1,415
18 to 64 years	22,425	10,900	11,530	31,345	15,670	15,680
65 years and over	8,850	4,000	4,850	12,595	5,745	6,850
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,900	2,715	3,190	10,725	4,870	5,860
0 to 17 years	1,320	670	650	1,580	810	765
0 to 5 years	430	235	195	555	280	275
18 to 64 years	3,620	1,705	1,920	5,960	2,915	3,045
65 years and over	960	340	620	3,190	1,140	2,045
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	14.9	16.3	20.6	19.0	22.1
0 to 17 years (%)	20.4	20.5	20.4	19.2	19.2	19.0
0 to 5 years (%)	23.6	25.0	22.3	19.2	19.0	19.4
18 to 64 years (%)	16.1	15.6	16.7	19.0	18.6	19.4
65 years and over (%)	10.8	8.5	12.8	25.3	19.8	29.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,280	1,160	1,125	4,805	2,430	2,380
0 to 17 years	400	215	180	675	345	330
0 to 5 years	125	75	55	260	125	135
18 to 64 years	1,755	885	865	3,795	1,975	1,825
65 years and over	130	60	75	335	115	225
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.0	6.4	5.8	9.2	9.5	9.0
0 to 17 years (%)	6.2	6.6	5.7	8.2	8.2	8.2
0 to 5 years (%)	6.9	8.0	6.3	9.0	8.5	9.5
18 to 64 years (%)	7.8	8.1	7.5	12.1	12.6	11.6
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.5	1.5	2.7	2.0	3.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	37,735	18,170	19,560	52,180	25,625	26,555
Official languages	37,625	18,130	19,495	52,160	25,620	26,540
English	37,615	18,130	19,480	12,105	6,810	5,295
French	3,805	1,650	2,155	52,075	25,590	26,490
Non-official languages	2,135	920	1,210	1,305	660	640
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	35	25	15
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,135	920	1,215	1,255	635	620
Afro-Asiatic languages	90	35	55	115	70	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	35	55	105	70	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	30	40	110	70	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	25	45	10	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	25	45	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	130	30	100	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	30	100	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	15	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	10	15	10	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	60	25	35	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,470	655	820	965	480	490
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	150	50	100	0	10	0
Baltic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	135	50	90	0	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	80	30	45	0	0	0
Russian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	685	310	380	100	40	65
Afrikaans	20	10	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dutch	370	165	210	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	285	130	155	80	35	50
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	95	45	45	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	250	130	115	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	200	105	100	10	15	0
Bengali	10	15	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	110	45	60	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	100	55	40	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	15	10	10	0
Iranian languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	25	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	335	140	195	855	425	430
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	110	45	55	50	30	20
Portuguese	30	15	15	35	25	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Spanish	220	85	135	805	395	415
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	15	15	20	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	10	0	25	25	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	40	35	30	0	30
American Sign Language	15	15	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	60	30	30	20	0	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	215	90	120	80	50	35
Chinese languages	215	90	120	80	50	30
Cantonese	70	40	25	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	45	80	70	45	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	20	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	20	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	37,730	18,175	19,560	52,175	25,625	26,550
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	37,010	17,845	19,170	51,795	25,400	26,395
Canadian citizens aged under 18	6,340	3,185	3,155	8,205	4,160	4,050
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	30,670	14,660	16,010	43,590	21,240	22,350
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	720	330	395	385	225	160
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	37,735	18,170	19,565	52,180	25,625	26,550
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	34,700	16,855	17,845	51,235	25,120	26,110
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,955	1,275	1,685	835	440	390
Before 1981	1,875	815	1,070	240	115	120
1981 to 1990	265	110	160	105	75	30
1991 to 2000	230	100	130	105	40	65
2001 to 2010	390	180	210	240	110	130
2001 to 2005	195	85	110	100	40	60
2006 to 2010	195	95	100	135	70	70
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	190	70	125	150	105	50
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	80	45	35	120	60	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,955	1,270	1,685	830	440	390
Under 5 years	385	175	210	155	65	90
5 to 14 years	640	330	315	105	50	55
15 to 24 years	740	265	475	115	50	70
25 to 44 years	1,040	470	570	430	265	165
45 years and over	150	40	115	25	10	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,960	1,275	1,685	830	440	395
Americas	460	185	275	200	85	115
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	35	10	25
Jamaica	15	15	0	10	0	10
Mexico	0	0	10	30	10	25
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	365	145	220	65	30	35
Other places of birth in Americas	55	15	40	40	20	25
Europe	1,750	775	975	300	160	135
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	150	95	55
Germany	175	85	90	10	0	10
Greece	45	20	25	15	10	10
Hungary	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	55	30	20	20	10	0
Netherlands	360	160	200	0	0	0
Poland	40	10	30	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	10	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	905	405	505	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	110	35	70	80	40	45
Africa	90	40	45	160	120	45
Algeria	0	0	0	40	25	15
Egypt	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	40	35	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	30	20	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	10	20	80	60	15
Asia	635	255	385	170	70	105
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	115	40	70	100	30	65
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	155	75	80	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	20	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pakistan	10	0	10	10	0	0
Philippines	125	20	105	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	20	15	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	10	20	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Viet Nam	60	25	35	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	85	40	45	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	190	70	120	155	100	45
Americas	25	25	10	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	20	10	15	60	40	20
France	0	0	0	50	40	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	25	0	25	55	50	10
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	20	20	0
Asia	115	40	75	30	10	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	30	0	25	20	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	15	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	0	15	0	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	37,735	18,170	19,565	52,180	25,625	26,555
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,230	1,425	1,805	990	515	475
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,030	2,535	2,500	1,135	560	575
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	29,475	14,215	15,260	50,055	24,550	25,505
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,120	485	635	620	325	295
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	560	260	300	290	170	120
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	255	130	125	165	120	50
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	305	130	170	120	55	65
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	465	185	280	280	115	160
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	90	40	55	45	30	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	37,735	18,170	19,560	52,180	25,625	26,555
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,065	545	525	830	385	440
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,020	510	510	785	360	430
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	640	315	320	380	160	220
Métis	375	185	190	395	195	195
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	25	15	35	20	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	36,665	17,625	19,040	51,350	25,240	26,110
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	37,735	18,175	19,565	52,180	25,625	26,555
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	220	110	115	250	125	120
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	37,510	18,060	19,450	51,930	25,500	26,435
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	37,735	18,170	19,560	52,180	25,625	26,555
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	185	85	100	650	290	360
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	175	80	105	610	260	345
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	150	60	90	550	235	310
Métis single ancestry	25	20	15	55	30	25
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	10	0	40	30	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	40	30	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,820	870	955	1,240	560	685
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,775	855	920	1,200	535	665
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,300	600	700	980	405	575
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	440	230	210	215	125	85
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	25	10	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	15	35	40	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	15	35	45	20	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	35,725	17,220	18,510	50,285	24,780	25,510
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	37,735	18,170	19,560	52,175	25,625	26,555
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,175	530	645	660	335	330
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	300	165	140	15	15	0
Chinese	260	115	145	145	55	90
Black	170	65	105	260	145	115
Filipino	150	40	115	15	0	0
Latin American	30	15	15	90	40	50
Arab	40	20	20	70	50	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	80	25	60	35	0	35
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	40	20	20	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	10	0	10
Japanese	10	10	0	10	0	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	55	25	25	20	15	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	36,555	17,640	18,910	51,515	25,295	26,220
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	37,730	18,170	19,565	52,175	25,625	26,550
North American Aboriginal origins	2,010	955	1,050	1,895	850	1,045
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,510	685	820	1,610	690	925
Inuit	40	35	10	15	10	10
Métis	520	265	255	350	200	150
Other North American origins	16,375	7,885	8,490	42,900	21,010	21,890
Acadian	90	45	45	120	75	45
American	600	325	275	210	90	125
Canadian	15,955	7,670	8,290	41,600	20,300	21,300
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Québécois	0	10	0	1,330	710	620
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	27,980	13,545	14,440	14,905	7,485	7,420
British Isles origins	22,565	10,935	11,630	2,740	1,320	1,420
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	12,360	5,870	6,490	510	290	220
Irish	10,590	5,030	5,560	1,850	840	1,015
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	9,550	4,595	4,950	620	285	335
Welsh	715	320	395	15	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,335	705	630	10	10	10
French origins	5,585	2,625	2,965	12,230	6,200	6,030
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	75	35	40
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,580	2,625	2,960	12,155	6,165	5,990
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,260	3,150	3,115	640	315	320
Austrian	125	55	70	25	10	20
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	175	70	110	155	70	85
Dutch	2,840	1,465	1,380	65	35	35
Flemish	10	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	20	0	15	0	0	0
German	3,470	1,730	1,745	340	185	160
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	110	55	50	75	40	40
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	655	305	355	80	50	30
Danish	180	90	90	15	10	10
Finnish	95	30	65	0	0	10
Icelandic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	150	75	75	50	35	20
Swedish	195	95	100	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	55	25	30	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,845	925	920	175	85	90
Bulgarian	15	0	20	40	20	20
Byelorussian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	90	55	35	0	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	40	10	30	0	0	0
Estonian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	25	65	30	20	10
Latvian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	15	10	10	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	840	425	410	30	10	25
Romanian	70	50	20	10	0	10
Russian	110	55	55	25	20	10
Slovak	45	25	20	10	0	10
Ukrainian	605	335	270	25	10	15
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,575	715	855	725	330	395
Albanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	175	75	95	105	55	50
Italian	975	445	530	500	205	290
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	55	20	30	65	35	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	295	120	170	55	40	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	215	85	125	35	20	15
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	110	45	65	15	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	105	40	65	15	10	10
Caribbean origins	205	105	105	160	65	95
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Barbadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dominican	20	15	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	0	10	90	35	50
Jamaican	60	30	30	10	0	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	15	0	15
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	35	25	15	15	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	0	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	10	20	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	85	50	35	110	55	50
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chilean	10	0	0	10	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	10	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	30	20	10	50	30	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	155	65	85	285	190	95
Central and West African origins	40	20	20	115	75	35
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	0	10	40	15	25
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	20	15	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	25	25	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	10
North African origins	50	30	15	100	70	30
Algerian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Berber	0	0	0	20	15	0
Coptic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	25	10	20	20	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	10	30	10	15
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	15	10	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	65	20	40	20	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mauritian	20	15	10	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	10	45	30	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	10	30	25	0
Asian origins	1,120	535	585	415	180	235
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	180	115	65	155	85	70
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	60	50	10	90	55	35
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	20	20	25	15	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	40	25	10	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	360	195	160	35	10	20
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	280	145	135	25	10	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	55	45	20	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	45	20	30	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	585	225	360	230	75	150
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese	335	150	190	145	65	90
Filipino	175	50	120	10	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	0	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	10	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	20	40	50	10	40
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	80	35	45	0	0	0
Australian	75	30	45	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	16,910	...	...	26,340	...	...
Owner	11,880	...	...	15,500	...	...
Renter	5,035	...	...	10,835	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	16,915	...	...	26,340	...	...
Condominium	1,060	...	...	1,120	...	...
Not condominium	15,850	...	...	25,215	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	16,915	...	...	26,340	...	...
No bedrooms	50	...	...	55	...	...
1 bedroom	1,565	...	...	3,285	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,525	...	...	8,960	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,025	...	...	9,425	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,745	...	...	4,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	16,910	...	...	26,335	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,295	...	...	8,175	...	...
5 rooms	2,680	...	...	6,145	...	...
6 rooms	2,695	...	...	3,420	...	...
7 rooms	2,645	...	...	2,840	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,600	...	...	5,765	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	16,910	...	...	26,335	...	...
One person or fewer per room	16,835	...	...	26,290	...	...
More than 1 person per room	80	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	16,910	...	...	26,340	...	...
Suitable	16,475	...	...	26,045	...	...
Not suitable	440	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	16,915	...	...	26,335	...	...
1960 or before	6,305	...	...	11,090	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,635	...	...	7,895	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,030	...	...	3,210	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,690	...	...	1,815	...	...
2001 to 2005	440	...	...	560	...	...
2006 to 2010	435	...	...	820	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	370	...	...	945	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	16,915	...	...	26,335	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	15,605	...	...	24,690	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,310	...	...	1,645	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	16,915	...	...	26,335	...	...
1 household maintainer	10,255	...	...	18,650	...	...
2 household maintainers	6,440	...	...	7,575	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	220	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	16,910	...	...	26,335	...	...
15 to 24 years	375	...	...	815	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,710	...	...	2,785	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,150	...	...	3,220	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,165	...	...	4,270	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,780	...	...	6,535	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,115	...	...	5,070	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,895	...	...	2,630	...	...
85 years and over	725	...	...	1,015	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	16,650	...	...	26,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	12,430	...	...	20,820	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,215	...	...	5,470	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,880	...	...	5,025	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,640	...	...	15,465	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.2	...	...	55.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.2	...	...	11.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	942	...	...	722	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,070	...	...	819	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	225,115	...	...	140,103	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	265,205	...	...	159,160	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,025	...	...	10,835	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.3	...	...	7.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	51.0	...	...	34.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	852	...	...	508	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	911	...	...	573	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	32,595	15,575	17,020	45,335	22,110	23,220
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,250	3,210	3,040	10,520	4,775	5,750
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,970	4,800	5,165	10,355	4,680	5,665
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,380	7,565	8,815	24,460	12,655	11,805
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,500	1,860	640	9,810	6,380	3,425
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,310	855	455	7,265	4,295	2,965
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,190	1,005	185	2,545	2,085	460
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,925	3,450	5,475	8,275	3,430	4,850
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	520	215	300	1,395	560	835
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,440	2,040	2,400	4,980	2,285	2,700
Bachelor's degree	3,125	1,390	1,730	3,615	1,600	2,020
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	315	145	165	410	215	200
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	165	105	65	185	90	95
Master's degree	740	340	400	670	320	355
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	65	30	95	65	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	19,535	9,490	10,045	27,745	13,930	13,815
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,355	1,395	965	4,475	2,310	2,165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,720	2,895	2,825	5,695	2,700	3,000
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,455	5,195	6,260	17,575	8,920	8,655
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,500	1,150	350	7,270	4,630	2,640
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	720	505	220	5,475	3,155	2,320
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	775	650	130	1,795	1,475	320
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,615	2,615	4,000	5,785	2,385	3,400
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	345	135	210	775	350	425
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,000	1,300	1,695	3,740	1,550	2,190
Bachelor's degree	2,120	900	1,225	2,720	1,130	1,590
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	195	85	110	260	100	160
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	125	70	50	150	55	95
Master's degree	505	230	280	530	220	310
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	15	35	75	40	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	32,595	15,580	17,020	45,340	22,115	23,225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,215	8,015	8,200	20,875	9,455	11,420
Education	1,030	225	805	2,155	570	1,580
13. Education	1,025	225	805	2,155	575	1,580
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	435	215	215	405	190	215
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	85	20	70	45	30
50. Visual and performing arts	330	130	195	335	150	185
Humanities	650	270	380	845	360	490
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	0	45	45	10	35
23. English language and literature/letters	120	40	85	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	185	95	95	435	180	250
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	15	70	45	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	125	70	60	75	35	40
54. History	95	50	45	50	30	25
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	30	170	55	115
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,610	520	1,095	1,630	410	1,225
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	15	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	70	90	135	55	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	435	50	385	550	25	520
22. Legal professions and studies	195	60	130	205	75	140
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	10	60	80	25	55
42. Psychology	265	60	210	425	95	330
45. Social sciences	475	270	210	215	125	90
Business, management and public administration	3,060	1,050	2,015	5,365	1,685	3,685
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	305	50	255	220	60	160
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,745	995	1,755	5,140	1,620	3,520
Physical and life sciences and technologies	485	235	250	630	360	270
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	160	50	110	220	75	140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	50	60	65	40	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	120	75	45
40. Physical sciences	125	95	35	155	115	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	85	45	45	65	50	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	485	260	225	480	310	170
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	355	195	160	395	290	110
25. Library science	50	10	40	60	0	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	80	60	20	25	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,340	3,175	155	6,695	6,385	315
04. Architecture and related services	85	55	25	55	40	20
14. Engineering	400	360	35	375	350	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	885	825	60	1,250	1,115	135
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	690	670	15	1,565	1,540	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	900	895	0	2,020	1,975	50
48. Precision production	380	365	10	1,425	1,355	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	400	265	130	745	565	175
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	290	205	90	265	135	135
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	65	40	475	430	40
Health and related fields	3,530	615	2,910	3,400	640	2,755
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	185	95	85	125	50	80
51. Health professions and related programs	3,295	500	2,795	3,220	570	2,645
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	20	30	45	20	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,360	725	635	2,110	1,180	930
12. Personal and culinary services	630	175	455	1,100	265	835
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	505	340	170	320	245	75
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	180	0	690	670	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	19,535	9,490	10,045	27,740	13,925	13,815
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,080	4,290	3,790	10,165	5,010	5,160
Education	635	155	475	1,180	270	910
13. Education	635	160	475	1,180	265	910
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	310	165	145	330	150	180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	50	10	60	30	30
50. Visual and performing arts	250	110	140	265	115	150
Humanities	395	155	235	495	225	270
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	0	30	40	15	25
23. English language and literature/letters	55	10	45	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	130	50	80	280	130	150
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	35	20	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	45	35	30	15	15
54. History	60	40	20	40	25	15
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	75	25	50
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,195	350	855	1,280	300	985
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	105	45	65	115	55	65
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	360	35	325	405	15	385
22. Legal professions and studies	145	45	100	155	45	115
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	60	10	55	55	10	45
42. Psychology	165	25	135	365	75	285
45. Social sciences	350	190	165	175	90	75
Business, management and public administration	2,165	655	1,510	3,965	1,205	2,760
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	235	30	210	175	50	130
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,920	625	1,300	3,790	1,155	2,635
Physical and life sciences and technologies	290	140	150	360	190	170
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	35	75	165	55	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	35	35	35	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	15	10
40. Physical sciences	70	50	20	120	85	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	25	30	20	20	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	345	200	145	400	260	145
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	275	165	120	350	245	105
25. Library science	20	10	20	40	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	40	10	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,290	2,165	125	4,765	4,480	285
04. Architecture and related services	70	45	25	55	35	15
14. Engineering	240	215	30	240	215	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	625	570	55	960	835	125
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	500	490	10	1,090	1,070	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	645	640	0	1,470	1,430	35
48. Precision production	210	205	0	955	895	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	315	190	120	595	425	170
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	240	155	85	240	110	130
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	40	35	355	320	40
Health and related fields	2,510	495	2,015	2,535	495	2,040
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	145	80	65	105	45	60
51. Health professions and related programs	2,330	395	1,940	2,385	435	1,955
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	20	10	45	15	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,000	535	465	1,670	930	745
12. Personal and culinary services	470	145	320	865	185	675
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	390	260	130	250	195	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	135	125	10	555	545	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	32,600	15,575	17,020	45,335	22,110	23,225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,215	8,010	8,200	20,875	9,455	11,420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	16,380	7,565	8,815	24,465	12,655	11,810
Location of study inside Canada	15,145	6,995	8,155	24,090	12,430	11,655
Same as province or territory of residence	13,590	6,240	7,345	23,815	12,255	11,555
Different than province or territory of residence	1,560	750	805	275	175	100
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,235	570	665	375	225	150
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	455	215	235	45	25	20
Philippines	75	15	55	0	0	10
India	70	40	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	325	180	145	15	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	60	20	40	30	20	10
France	10	0	0	125	95	35
Other	255	105	150	155	65	85
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	19,535	9,490	10,045	27,740	13,930	13,815
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,080	4,290	3,790	10,170	5,010	5,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,460	5,200	6,255	17,575	8,920	8,650
Location of study inside Canada	10,705	4,870	5,835	17,300	8,770	8,535
Same as province or territory of residence	9,840	4,465	5,375	17,160	8,695	8,465
Different than province or territory of residence	865	410	455	135	75	65
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	750	330	420	270	155	120
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	340	165	175	30	15	15
Philippines	55	15	40	10	0	10
India	70	45	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	110	45	65	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	55	15	40	30	20	10
France	0	0	10	80	65	15
Other	115	50	65	110	35	70
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	32,600	15,575	17,020	45,340	22,115	23,225
In the labour force	18,765	9,595	9,165	23,945	12,395	11,550
Employed	17,175	8,675	8,495	21,835	11,045	10,795
Unemployed	1,590	920	675	2,110	1,355	755
Not in the labour force	13,830	5,980	7,850	21,395	9,715	11,675
Participation rate	57.6	61.6	53.8	52.8	56.0	49.7
Employment rate	52.7	55.7	49.9	48.2	49.9	46.5
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.6	7.4	8.8	10.9	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	32,595	15,575	17,020	45,335	22,110	23,225
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,025	5,640	7,385	20,670	9,290	11,380
Worked	19,570	9,935	9,635	24,670	12,825	11,845
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10,405	5,700	4,700	11,015	5,980	5,040
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	9,170	4,240	4,930	13,650	6,840	6,805
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.3	43.2	42.0	41.5	42.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	18,765	9,595	9,165	23,940	12,400	11,545
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	220	215	765	395	370
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	18,330	9,375	8,950	23,180	12,000	11,180
Employee	16,255	8,095	8,160	20,630	10,525	10,100
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,075	1,290	790	2,555	1,480	1,075
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	18,765	9,595	9,165	23,940	12,395	11,545
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	215	220	765	395	370
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	18,330	9,375	8,950	23,180	12,005	11,175
0 Management occupations	1,890	1,165	725	1,830	1,115	715
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,515	745	1,770	3,325	820	2,500
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	885	710	180	1,015	830	175
3 Health occupations	1,540	305	1,240	2,100	390	1,705
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,860	590	1,275	2,660	750	1,910
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	355	110	240	415	235	180
6 Sales and service occupations	4,720	1,855	2,865	5,560	2,325	3,235
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,880	2,640	240	4,020	3,865	160
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	395	330	65	350	265	80
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,290	930	355	1,910	1,400	515
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	18,765	9,595	9,170	23,945	12,395	11,545
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	435	215	215	760	390	370
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	18,330	9,375	8,955	23,180	12,005	11,175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	520	370	150	320	230	90
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	50	0	45	30	15
22 Utilities	85	85	0	205	160	45
23 Construction	1,395	1,235	160	1,605	1,430	170
31-33 Manufacturing	2,090	1,545	550	3,425	2,610	815
41 Wholesale trade	590	390	200	455	350	115
44-45 Retail trade	2,495	1,100	1,395	3,085	1,465	1,615
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	875	660	215	785	650	135
51 Information and cultural industries	220	135	85	235	135	105
52 Finance and insurance	425	170	250	495	190	310
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	300	145	150	210	135	80
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	730	375	355	880	530	350
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	0	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,165	725	440	820	545	275
61 Educational services	1,175	350	830	1,510	475	1,040
62 Health care and social assistance	2,825	545	2,280	3,760	725	3,035
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	360	150	215	450	295	155
72 Accommodation and food services	1,395	540	860	1,780	705	1,075
81 Other services (except public administration)	705	300	405	1,240	590	650
91 Public administration	900	505	395	1,865	755	1,110
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	17,170	8,675	8,495	21,835	11,040	10,790
Worked at home	1,205	600	605	1,150	525	625
Worked outside Canada	95	50	40	30	30	0
No fixed workplace address	1,810	1,295	515	1,880	1,385	500
Worked at usual place	14,070	6,725	7,345	18,770	9,100	9,670
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	14,070	6,725	7,340	18,770	9,100	9,670
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	6,235	2,915	3,325	12,045	5,235	6,805
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,045	2,840	3,205	155	85	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,735	930	805	6,550	3,775	2,775
Commute to a different province or territory	50	40	10	25	10	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	15,880	8,020	7,855	20,650	10,480	10,170
Car, truck, van - as a driver	13,140	6,795	6,340	18,100	9,350	8,745
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,195	480	715	730	290	435
Public transit	210	70	135	240	120	120
Walked	1,040	460	585	1,230	505	725
Bicycle	110	90	25	115	85	30
Other method	180	130	50	245	130	115
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	15,875	8,025	7,855	20,655	10,480	10,170
Less than 15 minutes	7,660	3,610	4,045	8,990	4,010	4,985
15 to 29 minutes	5,075	2,570	2,505	6,625	3,310	3,315
30 to 44 minutes	1,490	750	740	3,515	2,040	1,475
45 to 59 minutes	615	355	265	810	570	240
60 minutes and over	1,035	735	300	710	555	155
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	15,875	8,025	7,860	20,655	10,485	10,165
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,165	770	400	995	720	270
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	3,470	2,095	1,380	3,830	2,470	1,365
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	4,455	2,265	2,195	7,305	3,595	3,715
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,910	1,140	1,775	3,790	1,495	2,300
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,290	465	825	1,595	555	1,035
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	2,580	1,285	1,290	3,140	1,660	1,480
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	20,145	10,225	9,925	25,430	13,205	12,220
Single responses	20,090	10,205	9,890	24,990	12,950	12,045
Official languages	20,075	10,190	9,885	24,975	12,940	12,035
English	19,960	10,180	9,775	330	220	105
French	120	10	105	24,650	12,720	11,930
Non-official languages	15	10	10	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages	10	0	10	10	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	20	40	440	260	175
English and French	50	20	40	410	250	160
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	20,150	10,220	9,925	25,425	13,210	12,225
None	19,450	9,900	9,550	22,640	11,490	11,155
English	80	10	65	2,510	1,525	980
French	545	290	260	245	170	75
Non-official language	65	20	40	25	10	20
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	65	20	45	20	10	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	37,415	17,975	19,440	51,720	25,415	26,310
Non-movers	32,765	15,680	17,085	46,265	22,720	23,545
Movers	4,655	2,290	2,360	5,460	2,690	2,765
Non-migrants	2,435	1,215	1,220	3,650	1,805	1,850
Migrants	2,215	1,075	1,135	1,810	885	925
Internal migrants	2,075	1,010	1,060	1,745	850	895
Intraprovincial migrants	1,750	865	885	1,675	820	855
Interprovincial migrants	330	150	180	70	30	35
External migrants	140	65	75	65	35	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	36,230	17,430	18,805	49,785	24,395	25,385
Non-movers	23,820	11,515	12,305	34,085	16,680	17,410
Movers	12,415	5,915	6,500	15,700	7,725	7,975
Non-migrants	6,170	2,980	3,185	10,470	5,160	5,315
Migrants	6,245	2,935	3,315	5,225	2,565	2,660
Internal migrants	5,965	2,795	3,165	5,045	2,460	2,585
Intraprovincial migrants	5,270	2,475	2,790	4,940	2,420	2,520
Interprovincial migrants	695	320	370	105	45	65
External migrants	285	135	150	185	105	80

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brockville [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Shawinigan [Census agglomeration], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brockville [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Shawinigan [Census agglomeration], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brockville [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Shawinigan [Census agglomeration], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brockville [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Shawinigan [Census agglomeration], Quebec