Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kawartha Lakes [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Bryson, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kawartha Lakes Ontario [Census agglomeration]			Bryson, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Kawartha Lakes [Census agglomeration], Ontario Map : Kawartha Lakes [Census agglomeration], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Bryson, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	75,423	...	...	697	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	73,219 ^r	...	...	647	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.0	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	38,444	...	...	357	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	31,106	...	...	311	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	24.5	...	...	190.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,084.38	...	...	3.65	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	75,425	37,285	38,140	695	345	350
0 to 14 years	9,900	5,065	4,835	110	45	60
0 to 4 years	3,095	1,590	1,510	30	10	15
5 to 9 years	3,350	1,735	1,615	45	20	25
10 to 14 years	3,455	1,740	1,715	35	15	25
15 to 64 years	46,460	23,160	23,300	435	230	205
15 to 19 years	3,945	2,040	1,905	40	20	20
20 to 24 years	3,935	2,065	1,870	30	25	10
25 to 29 years	3,435	1,810	1,620	45	25	20
30 to 34 years	3,655	1,835	1,825	25	10	10
35 to 39 years	3,460	1,690	1,770	35	15	25
40 to 44 years	3,665	1,820	1,845	45	25	25
45 to 49 years	4,490	2,185	2,310	45	30	20
50 to 54 years	6,205	3,060	3,145	40	20	25
55 to 59 years	6,870	3,425	3,445	50	25	20
60 to 64 years	6,805	3,235	3,570	70	40	30
65 years and over	19,065	9,060	10,005	155	70	85
65 to 69 years	6,380	3,185	3,195	40	15	25
70 to 74 years	4,750	2,375	2,370	40	30	15
75 to 79 years	3,160	1,515	1,645	35	10	15
80 to 84 years	2,370	1,090	1,280	20	5	15
85 years and over	2,410	895	1,515	25	10	10
85 to 89 years	1,500	615	885	20	5	10
90 to 94 years	695	215	475	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	190	60	130	0	0	0
100 years and over	30	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.1	13.6	12.7	15.8	13.0	17.1
15 to 64 years	61.6	62.1	61.1	62.6	66.7	58.6
65 years and over	25.3	24.3	26.2	22.3	20.3	24.3
85 years and over	3.2	2.4	4.0	3.6	2.9	2.9
Average age of the population	46.7	45.8	47.6	45.0	44.9	45.0
Median age of the population	51.2	50.3	51.9	47.4	46.9	47.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	31,105	...	...	315	...	...
Single-detached house	25,990	...	...	295	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	685	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,190	...	...	20	...	...
Semi-detached house	530	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	640	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	850	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,080	...	...	20	...	...
Other single-attached house	90	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	240	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	31,105	...	...	310	...	...
1 person	7,680	...	...	95	...	...
2 persons	13,330	...	...	125	...	...
3 persons	4,415	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	3,630	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	2,040	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	73,375	...	...	700	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	65,525	32,220	33,305	590	300	290
Married or living common law	41,180	20,665	20,515	365	185	185
Married	34,340	17,250	17,085	300	155	150
Living common law	6,840	3,415	3,425	60	30	35
Not married and not living common law	24,340	11,550	12,790	225	115	105
Never married	13,470	7,560	5,905	130	85	45
Separated	2,080	1,035	1,045	10	5	5
Divorced	3,940	1,825	2,110	35	15	25
Widowed	4,855	1,130	3,730	50	15	35
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,240	...	...	205	...	...
2 persons	14,195	...	...	120	...	...
3 persons	4,290	...	...	40	...	...
4 persons	3,355	...	...	40	...	...
5 or more persons	1,390	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,235	...	...	210	...	...
Total couple families	20,130	...	...	185	...	...
Married couples	16,710	...	...	150	...	...
Common-law couples	3,420	...	...	30	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,105	...	...	30	...	...
Female parent	2,360	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	750	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	20,130	...	...	180	...	...
Couples without children	12,185	...	...	100	...	...
Couples with children	7,950	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	3,485	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	3,135	...	...	35	...	...
3 or more children	1,330	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,105	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	2,015	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	810	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	285	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	11,210	5,240	5,965	125	60	60
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	31,110	...	...	310	...	...
One-census-family households	21,930	...	...	205	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,620	...	...	105	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,310	...	...	105	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	640	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,535	...	...	105	...	...
One-person households	7,680	...	...	95	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	850	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	74,240	36,600	37,645	700	345	350
English only	70,770	35,155	35,615	255	135	130
French only	10	0	5	25	10	15
English and French	3,325	1,385	1,950	415	200	210
Neither English nor French	130	55	75	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	74,240	36,595	37,645	700	350	350
English	73,365	36,195	37,180	395	190	200
French	710	340	370	295	150	150
English and French	40	10	25	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	120	55	70	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	730	345	385	400	195	200
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	0.9	1.0	57.1	55.7	57.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	74,240	36,595	37,645	695	345	355
Single responses	73,875	36,430	37,445	665	325	335
Official languages	70,580	34,830	35,745	660	330	330
English	69,760	34,450	35,305	375	185	190
French	820	375	440	285	140	140
Non-official languages	3,300	1,600	1,700	0	5	0
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,295	1,595	1,695	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	40	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	40	45	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	50	20	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	10	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	10	45	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50	10	40	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,670	1,325	1,345	0	5	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	535	245	285	0	0	0
Baltic languages	25	5	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	505	235	270	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	40	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Polish	195	95	100	0	0	0
Russian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Serbian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	30	50	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,430	705	725	5	5	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Dutch	445	220	220	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	900	445	455	0	5	0
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	20	5	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	80	50	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	150	75	75	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	40	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	455	235	220	0	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	195	120	70	0	0	0
Portuguese	130	60	70	0	0	0
Romanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	95	40	60	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	30	45	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	145	65	75	0	0	0
Chinese languages	140	60	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	20	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	185	80	100	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Finnish	55	20	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	110	55	60	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	365	170	200	35	20	15
English and French	125	55	70	35	15	15
English and non-official language	215	100	120	0	0	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	74,240	36,600	37,645	700	345	350
Single responses	73,700	36,355	37,345	680	340	340
Official languages	72,755	35,890	36,865	680	335	345
English	72,580	35,805	36,785	470	225	240
French	170	85	85	215	115	100
Non-official languages	940	470	480	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	940	465	480	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	665	330	335	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	70	65	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	135	70	65	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	60	35	25	0	0	0
Russian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	350	185	165	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	320	165	150	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	75	40	40	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	20	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	50	40	0	0	0
Chinese languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	15	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	25	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	540	245	300	15	10	10
English and French	55	25	30	15	5	5
English and non-official language	475	215	260	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	74,245	36,595	37,645	695	345	350
None	72,315	35,710	36,605	495	250	240
English	470	235	235	90	45	45
French	470	190	280	110	45	65
Non-official language	960	450	505	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	945	445	500	5	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	63,510	31,175	32,335	590	300	290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,370	30,190	31,180	570	285	280
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,302	39,649	26,592	31,168	35,520	23,360
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	61,415	30,190	31,220	565	285	280
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,448	35,570	24,685	28,608	31,765	22,944
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,640	27,385	27,255	450	235	215
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,820	36,382	22,203	30,848	31,744	28,352
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,675	21,690	24,985	470	240	235
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,574	8,612	8,551	9,392	8,928	10,144
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,960	22,160	19,800	330	175	155
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,318	32,283	25,157	31,526	30,272	31,603
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	63,510	31,175	32,335	590	315	280
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,425	30,210	31,215	570	295	275
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,487	49,132	34,088	31,065	34,023	27,869
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	61,470	30,215	31,255	570	295	275
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,998	40,720	29,466	27,167	29,797	24,327
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,590	27,440	27,150	460	250	205
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,859	46,893	30,740	29,114	30,771	27,100
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,535	21,730	24,810	435	220	215
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,175	9,097	9,243	10,031	10,547	9,498
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,960	22,130	19,825	370	200	175
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,242	42,167	31,744	29,579	30,157	28,899
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	63,510	31,175	32,330	590	310	280
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	18,825	10,630	8,200	160	85	80
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,763	54,444	42,793	38,416	41,040	35,840
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,177	61,988	48,643	42,171	42,718	41,622
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.2	86.6	78.6	76.7	81.7	72.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.6	63.5	59.0	56.2	56.5	57.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.8	13.4	21.4	22.8	19.2	27.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	63,510	31,175	32,335	590	300	290
Without total income	2,140	985	1,155	20	15	5
With total income	61,370	30,185	31,180	565	285	280
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.8	96.4	95.8	95.0	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,120	3,410	4,710	75	30	45
$10,000 to $19,999	11,505	4,490	7,015	130	50	80
$20,000 to $29,999	9,250	3,750	5,500	70	35	35
$30,000 to $39,999	7,785	3,580	4,200	80	50	35
$40,000 to $49,999	6,840	3,655	3,185	85	55	30
$50,000 to $59,999	4,940	2,830	2,115	45	20	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,505	2,170	1,335	35	15	20
$70,000 to $79,999	2,500	1,605	890	10	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,905	1,255	650	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,515	940	575	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	3,505	2,495	1,010	15	10	5
$100,000 to $149,999	2,555	1,785	775	15	10	5
$150,000 and over	950	715	240	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	63,510	31,175	32,330	590	300	290
Without after-tax income	2,095	985	1,110	20	10	5
With after-tax income	61,410	30,195	31,220	570	290	280
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	96.9	96.6	96.6	96.7	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,525	3,480	5,050	80	30	45
$10,000 to $19,999	11,980	4,690	7,290	135	50	85
$20,000 to $29,999	10,745	4,475	6,270	90	45	45
$30,000 to $39,999	9,425	4,675	4,750	120	85	35
$40,000 to $49,999	7,115	3,950	3,160	75	25	45
$50,000 to $59,999	4,775	2,925	1,845	25	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	3,135	2,105	1,030	20	15	10
$70,000 to $79,999	2,255	1,435	825	10	0	5
$80,000 and over	3,470	2,460	1,010	15	10	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,240	815	420	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	750	540	215	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	1,480	1,110	375	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	63,510	31,175	32,330	590	300	290
Without employment income	21,550	9,015	12,535	260	125	140
With employment income	41,960	22,160	19,800	330	175	150
Percentage with employment income	66.1	71.1	61.2	55.9	58.3	51.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,165	4,615	3,550	45	30	15
$5,000 to $9,999	3,515	1,605	1,910	25	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	5,480	2,370	3,115	50	25	25
$20,000 to $29,999	4,555	2,030	2,520	40	25	20
$30,000 to $39,999	4,580	1,990	2,590	60	25	30
$40,000 to $49,999	3,825	1,915	1,915	45	20	25
$50,000 to $59,999	2,835	1,645	1,190	20	10	15
$60,000 to $69,999	2,120	1,310	810	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,680	1,105	575	10	5	0
$80,000 and over	5,200	3,575	1,625	30	20	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,385	925	460	10	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,275	755	520	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	2,535	1,890	650	10	10	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	31,105	...	...	310	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,187	...	...	53,376	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,733	...	...	48,768	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,680	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,175	...	...	24,896	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,501	...	...	23,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,420	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,545	...	...	64,683	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,003	...	...	58,368	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	31,105	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,923	...	...	63,679	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	69,163	...	...	55,690	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,695	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,224	...	...	31,359	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,056	...	...	27,935	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,415	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,293	...	...	75,863	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,368	...	...	66,153	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	31,105	...	...	310	...	...
Under $5,000	345	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	370	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	840	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,055	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,445	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,185	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,480	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,500	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,490	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,410	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,660	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,465	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,320	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,045	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,745	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,750	...	...	60	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,260	...	...	35	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,045	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,110	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,330	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	31,105	...	...	315	...	...
Under $5,000	375	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	380	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	850	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,100	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,545	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,375	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,665	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,815	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,745	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,620	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,155	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,920	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,550	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,125	...	...	35	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,665	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,205	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,895	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,585	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,725	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	22,820	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,290	...	...	64,597	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,801	...	...	58,112	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,350	...	...	100	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,554	...	...	52,544	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,792	...	...	50,560	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,095	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,793	...	...	94,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,873	...	...	81,536	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,775	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,591	...	...	42,112	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,513	...	...	39,040	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	22,815	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,101	...	...	75,863	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,109	...	...	66,153	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,375	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,798	...	...	58,267	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,280	...	...	50,494	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,090	...	...	105	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,736	...	...	90,510	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,034	...	...	78,837	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,760	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,107	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,991	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,795	4,655	5,140	110	55	55
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,548	32,425	27,706	24,000	34,176	22,080
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,371	29,280	25,902	23,232	29,760	21,440
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,805	4,780	5,020	75	55	20
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,601	40,766	36,537	31,359	36,845	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,006	34,162	31,905	27,935	32,090	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	73,375	36,225	37,150	700	345	350
In the bottom half of the distribution	37,650	18,065	19,585	460	220	235
In the bottom decile	6,275	3,120	3,150	80	40	40
In the second decile	7,450	3,320	4,130	105	45	60
In the third decile	8,020	3,830	4,195	110	50	60
In the fourth decile	7,805	3,795	4,015	90	50	45
In the fifth decile	8,105	4,005	4,100	65	35	30
In the top half of the distribution	35,725	18,155	17,565	240	125	115
In the sixth decile	8,070	4,085	3,985	65	30	35
In the seventh decile	7,975	4,005	3,975	65	35	30
In the eighth decile	7,635	3,885	3,750	55	25	30
In the ninth decile	6,930	3,545	3,390	35	20	15
In the top decile	5,115	2,640	2,475	20	10	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	73,375	36,225	37,155	695	345	355
0 to 17 years	12,135	6,240	5,895	130	60	70
0 to 5 years	3,770	1,935	1,840	35	20	20
18 to 64 years	43,320	21,300	22,020	410	220	195
65 years and over	17,925	8,680	9,240	150	70	85
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	9,630	4,555	5,080	125	55	65
0 to 17 years	2,005	1,045	955	20	10	10
0 to 5 years	650	330	320	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,710	2,745	2,970	65	40	25
65 years and over	1,915	765	1,150	35	10	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.1	12.6	13.7	18.0	15.9	18.3
0 to 17 years (%)	16.5	16.7	16.2	15.4	16.7	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	17.2	17.1	17.4	14.3	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	13.2	12.9	13.5	15.9	18.2	12.8
65 years and over (%)	10.7	8.8	12.4	23.3	14.3	29.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,480	1,810	1,670	55	25	30
0 to 17 years	600	320	280	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	200	105	100	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	2,655	1,375	1,280	40	25	15
65 years and over	230	115	115	5	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	5.0	4.5	7.9	7.2	8.5
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	5.1	4.7	7.7	8.3	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	5.3	5.4	5.4	14.3	25.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	6.5	5.8	9.8	11.4	7.7
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.3	1.2	3.3	0.0	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	73,375	36,225	37,150	695	385	320
Official languages	73,250	36,170	37,085	700	380	315
English	73,240	36,170	37,065	685	380	305
French	3,305	1,370	1,935	475	255	225
Non-official languages	4,175	1,925	2,250	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,160	1,920	2,245	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	150	75	80	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	70	75	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	90	50	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	10	25	0	0	0
Maltese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	90	50	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	55	40	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	90	15	75	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	10	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	60	30	30	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,150	1,490	1,660	10	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	545	235	310	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	530	225	300	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Czech	45	15	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Polish	215	110	110	0	0	0
Russian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Serbian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	25	0	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,675	815	860	0	0	0
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	40	20	15	0	0	0
Dutch	450	210	245	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,150	565	590	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	40	10	25	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	65	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	100	40	60	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	65	25	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	45	30	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	705	320	385	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	230	145	90	0	0	0
Portuguese	185	75	110	0	0	0
Romanian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Spanish	300	100	195	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	30	35	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	120	30	85	0	0	0
American Sign Language	50	10	40	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	25	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	230	110	120	0	0	0
Chinese languages	225	105	120	0	0	0
Cantonese	105	55	50	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	120	45	70	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	250	105	140	0	0	0
Estonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	55	25	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	170	70	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	73,375	36,220	37,155	700	380	315
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	72,275	35,690	36,585	690	380	315
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,120	6,230	5,890	150	85	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	60,150	29,460	30,690	545	290	250
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,100	535	570	10	0	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	73,375	36,220	37,150	700	380	320
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	67,500	33,495	34,005	685	375	310
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,780	2,675	3,110	10	10	0
Before 1981	4,205	1,955	2,255	10	0	0
1981 to 1990	540	250	300	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	345	170	180	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	490	200	290	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	285	135	150	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	200	60	140	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	195	105	90	0	10	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	95	50	40	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,785	2,670	3,110	10	10	0
Under 5 years	745	360	375	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,510	695	810	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,540	680	860	0	10	0
25 to 44 years	1,810	850	960	0	0	10
45 years and over	180	80	100	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,785	2,675	3,105	10	10	10
Americas	600	255	345	0	10	0
Brazil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	60	40	20	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	20	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	340	130	210	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Americas	105	40	70	0	0	0
Europe	4,310	2,065	2,245	10	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	35	15	20	0	0	0
France	40	15	30	0	0	0
Germany	535	265	270	0	0	0
Greece	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hungary	90	35	45	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	80	35	40	0	0	0
Italy	145	100	40	0	0	0
Netherlands	380	190	185	0	0	0
Poland	140	65	65	0	0	0
Portugal	105	45	60	0	0	0
Romania	20	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	10	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,225	1,015	1,215	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	415	210	210	0	0	0
Africa	120	45	75	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	15	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	15	25	0	0	0
Asia	720	310	415	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	55	60	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	20	25	0	0	0
India	100	55	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	30	20	15	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	60	30	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	25	0	0	0
Philippines	85	15	70	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	40	15	30	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	40	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	75	30	45	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	40	0	30	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	190	105	90	0	10	0
Americas	15	10	0	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	50	30	15	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	120	55	70	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	20	10	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	73,375	36,220	37,155	695	380	320
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,035	2,810	3,225	20	15	10
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10,730	5,280	5,450	35	20	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	56,605	28,130	28,475	645	345	295
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,610	735	875	10	0	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	785	400	390	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	395	250	145	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	390	145	245	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	595	215	380	10	0	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	220	115	110	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	73,375	36,220	37,155	700	380	315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	2,000	925	1,075	120	65	55
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,885	865	1,020	125	65	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,110	480	630	15	10	0
Métis	740	360	380	105	55	45
Inuk (Inuit)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	65	40	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	71,375	35,300	36,080	575	320	260
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	73,375	36,220	37,155	700	385	315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	510	240	275	0	0	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	72,865	35,985	36,880	695	385	315
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	73,375	36,220	37,150	700	380	315
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	295	110	185	15	0	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	280	105	175	20	10	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	215	65	150	0	0	10
Métis single ancestry	65	35	20	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,790	1,345	1,445	215	105	110
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,715	1,315	1,400	215	105	110
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,915	930	990	75	45	30
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	760	360	400	135	60	75
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	25	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	75	25	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	25	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	70,290	34,770	35,525	470	275	195
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	73,375	36,220	37,150	695	385	315
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,530	775	755	0	10	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	340	170	175	0	0	0
Chinese	245	120	120	0	0	0
Black	280	145	135	10	0	0
Filipino	190	75	115	0	0	0
Latin American	40	15	25	0	0	0
Arab	75	35	40	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	125	80	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Korean	75	35	40	0	0	0
Japanese	45	20	30	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	71,845	35,450	36,395	695	375	315
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	73,375	36,225	37,155	700	380	320
North American Aboriginal origins	3,080	1,450	1,625	230	110	120
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,215	1,030	1,190	85	40	40
Inuit	45	25	15	0	0	0
Métis	915	430	480	150	65	80
Other North American origins	28,840	14,420	14,420	425	225	200
Acadian	90	50	35	0	0	0
American	750	340	405	10	0	0
Canadian	28,220	14,080	14,135	420	225	200
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	160	105	60	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	57,350	28,080	29,275	415	220	190
British Isles origins	47,885	23,230	24,650	290	155	140
Channel Islander	20	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	30,820	14,620	16,200	115	45	70
Irish	19,745	9,205	10,540	180	105	80
Manx	10	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	19,235	9,415	9,820	100	80	25
Welsh	1,875	870	1,005	10	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,565	1,210	1,355	10	0	10
French origins	6,950	3,265	3,685	285	135	145
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,950	3,265	3,690	280	135	150
Western European origins (except French origins)	11,355	5,505	5,850	55	35	25
Austrian	510	235	275	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	165	85	75	0	0	0
Dutch	4,405	2,125	2,285	0	0	0
Flemish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	20	0	20	0	0	0
German	6,745	3,300	3,450	55	30	25
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	375	155	220	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,615	770	855	0	10	0
Danish	375	190	185	0	0	0
Finnish	250	105	145	0	0	0
Icelandic	90	45	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	10	10	0
Swedish	475	235	245	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	105	45	60	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,385	2,285	2,095	25	15	10
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	100	50	50	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Estonian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	705	350	350	0	0	0
Latvian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	1,620	825	800	15	10	10
Romanian	150	55	90	0	0	0
Russian	370	210	155	20	15	0
Slovak	150	70	75	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,520	835	675	0	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,655	1,870	1,780	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	100	60	40	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	295	175	120	0	0	0
Italian	1,955	1,015	940	10	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	110	55	50	0	0	0
Maltese	235	130	105	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	520	250	275	0	0	0
Serbian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	55	40	15	0	0	0
Spanish	305	105	200	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	95	35	55	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	260	105	150	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	90	40	50	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	155	55	100	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	360	200	160	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dominican	20	0	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	200	105	100	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	25	25	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	290	135	160	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chilean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	85	45	35	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexican	50	40	10	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	285	130	155	0	10	0
Central and West African origins	35	30	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	115	35	90	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	90	25	65	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	120	60	65	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	115	60	60	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,490	755	730	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	290	160	130	0	0	0
Afghan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	50	35	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	35	15	20	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	60	35	25	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	65	20	40	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	0	15	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	380	175	205	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	275	135	145	0	0	0
Goan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	70	35	30	0	0	0
Tamil	10	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	830	415	410	0	0	0
Burmese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	345	180	165	0	0	0
Filipino	200	85	115	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	80	40	40	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	40	35	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	90	55	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	60	35	25	0	0	0
Australian	30	25	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	30	10	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	31,110	...	...	275	...	...
Owner	25,780	...	...	215	...	...
Renter	5,325	...	...	60	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	31,105	...	...	275	...	...
Condominium	795	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	30,310	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	31,105	...	...	280	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,235	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,040	...	...	60	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,345	...	...	140	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,455	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	31,110	...	...	280	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,510	...	...	60	...	...
5 rooms	4,575	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	5,455	...	...	60	...	...
7 rooms	5,370	...	...	65	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,200	...	...	65	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	31,105	...	...	275	...	...
One person or fewer per room	30,975	...	...	280	...	...
More than 1 person per room	130	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	31,105	...	...	280	...	...
Suitable	30,325	...	...	270	...	...
Not suitable	785	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	31,105	...	...	275	...	...
1960 or before	8,830	...	...	105	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,800	...	...	95	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,135	...	...	25	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,440	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,755	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,685	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,455	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	31,110	...	...	280	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	29,070	...	...	255	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,040	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	31,105	...	...	275	...	...
1 household maintainer	17,270	...	...	170	...	...
2 household maintainers	13,360	...	...	105	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	470	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	31,105	...	...	275	...	...
15 to 24 years	415	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,760	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,510	...	...	55	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,505	...	...	45	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,580	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,490	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,425	...	...	25	...	...
85 years and over	1,425	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	30,055	...	...	280	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,945	...	...	245	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,110	...	...	35	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,275	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	24,810	...	...	215	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.9	...	...	36.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,017	...	...	717	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,150	...	...	792	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,811	...	...	129,732	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	347,722	...	...	144,297	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,315	...	...	60	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	18.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	51.6	...	...	33.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	933	...	...	402	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	937	...	...	468	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	63,510	31,175	32,335	595	315	280
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,095	6,955	6,140	155	105	50
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,340	9,600	10,745	155	105	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,070	14,620	15,455	280	105	175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,205	4,730	1,480	100	60	40
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,530	1,635	895	60	30	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,680	3,095	585	40	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,190	6,750	9,440	140	35	110
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,180	535	645	0	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,495	2,605	3,890	35	10	25
Bachelor's degree	4,665	1,775	2,895	35	10	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	605	240	365	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	165	105	65	0	0	0
Master's degree	940	430	505	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	55	55	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	37,845	18,470	19,375	385	200	190
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,770	2,780	1,985	60	50	0
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,270	6,020	6,250	95	65	30
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,810	9,665	11,135	225	75	150
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,870	2,980	895	70	40	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,585	1,020	560	45	20	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,285	1,955	335	20	25	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	11,835	4,810	7,025	125	25	95
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	595	265	325	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,505	1,610	2,895	30	10	20
Bachelor's degree	3,340	1,170	2,170	30	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	390	120	270	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	55	45	0	0	0
Master's degree	610	235	380	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	60	30	35	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	63,510	31,175	32,330	595	310	280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	33,435	16,555	16,880	315	210	100
Education	1,920	495	1,425	15	0	10
13. Education	1,920	495	1,420	15	10	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	915	455	460	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	255	215	45	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	660	245	415	0	0	0
Humanities	1,050	390	660	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	25	50	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	295	55	240	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	250	95	155	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	170	95	75	0	0	0
54. History	165	80	90	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	35	10	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,810	660	2,155	30	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	0	45	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	190	45	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	745	50	690	20	0	20
22. Legal professions and studies	580	100	485	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	0	55	0	0	0
42. Psychology	475	85	390	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	715	370	345	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,065	1,675	3,395	70	0	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	605	100	510	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,455	1,570	2,885	70	0	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	735	370	365	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	325	130	195	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	155	70	85	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	125	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	45	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	645	370	270	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	465	280	190	0	0	0
25. Library science	55	10	50	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	115	85	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,535	7,250	290	65	65	0
04. Architecture and related services	110	80	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	450	415	40	10	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,530	1,400	130	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,060	2,030	30	20	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,405	2,365	35	10	15	0
48. Precision production	985	955	30	10	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,160	835	330	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	650	455	195	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	510	380	130	15	15	0
Health and related fields	5,435	690	4,745	55	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	515	255	260	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,890	420	4,470	60	10	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	15	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,795	1,430	1,365	30	20	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,205	225	970	20	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,140	780	360	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	425	395	25	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	37,845	18,470	19,375	385	200	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,040	8,805	8,235	160	125	40
Education	1,100	295	810	10	10	10
13. Education	1,100	295	805	10	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	635	270	370	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	120	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	480	150	335	0	0	0
Humanities	640	235	400	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	10	20	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	190	25	160	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	175	80	95	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	15	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	50	35	0	0	0
54. History	105	45	55	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	30	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,070	455	1,620	30	0	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	30	120	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	545	20	525	20	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	450	65	385	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	0	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	325	55	270	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	515	280	245	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,390	965	2,425	60	0	60
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	495	70	430	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,890	895	2,000	60	0	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	495	220	280	0	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	230	80	145	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	50	55	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	100	60	40	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	460	260	200	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	370	220	155	0	0	0
25. Library science	25	10	20	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	30	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,115	4,905	210	50	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	75	60	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	255	230	30	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,060	970	95	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,435	1,415	20	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,660	1,630	30	10	10	0
48. Precision production	625	605	20	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	885	615	265	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	485	320	170	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	395	300	100	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,015	460	3,555	50	0	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	380	170	215	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,620	280	3,340	45	10	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	15	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,000	990	1,010	20	15	0
12. Personal and culinary services	805	145	665	15	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	865	535	330	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	315	300	15	0	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	63,505	31,175	32,330	590	315	280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,435	16,555	16,880	315	210	100
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,070	14,620	15,450	280	100	175
Location of study inside Canada	28,180	13,605	14,570	270	100	175
Same as province or territory of residence	27,000	12,995	14,005	195	65	125
Different than province or territory of residence	1,175	615	565	80	35	50
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,895	1,015	885	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	310	165	150	0	10	0
Philippines	50	0	50	0	0	0
India	60	30	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	665	395	270	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	25	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other	750	410	340	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	37,845	18,465	19,375	385	195	190
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,035	8,805	8,240	160	120	35
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20,805	9,665	11,140	225	75	150
Location of study inside Canada	19,890	9,205	10,680	220	75	150
Same as province or territory of residence	19,135	8,825	10,310	155	45	105
Different than province or territory of residence	750	380	365	60	25	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	920	455	460	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	210	100	110	10	0	0
Philippines	40	0	40	0	0	0
India	45	20	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	205	120	85	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	35	10	25	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	375	200	175	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	63,505	31,175	32,335	595	315	280
In the labour force	36,165	18,740	17,430	340	185	150
Employed	33,365	17,150	16,215	295	160	135
Unemployed	2,800	1,585	1,215	40	25	15
Not in the labour force	27,345	12,435	14,910	255	130	125
Participation rate	56.9	60.1	53.9	57.1	58.7	53.6
Employment rate	52.5	55.0	50.1	49.6	50.8	48.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.5	7.0	11.8	13.5	10.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	63,510	31,175	32,335	595	315	275
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,750	11,640	14,115	235	130	105
Worked	37,755	19,540	18,220	360	180	175
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,465	11,025	8,445	165	80	85
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	18,290	8,515	9,775	195	100	95
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.3	42.7	43.0	42.8	43.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	36,160	18,735	17,425	335	185	150
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	700	380	320	10	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	35,460	18,350	17,105	325	180	145
Employee	30,300	15,075	15,225	295	160	135
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,165	3,280	1,880	35	20	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	36,165	18,740	17,425	335	185	150
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	705	380	320	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	35,460	18,355	17,105	325	180	150
0 Management occupations	3,800	2,350	1,445	20	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,500	900	3,595	45	10	40
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,245	940	305	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	2,635	275	2,360	30	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,895	1,185	2,705	35	15	25
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	610	215	395	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	8,275	3,170	5,110	90	35	50
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,780	7,290	490	85	85	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,115	900	215	10	15	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,610	1,135	475	0	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	36,160	18,735	17,425	340	185	150
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	700	385	320	10	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	35,460	18,355	17,105	330	180	145
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,335	915	420	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	240	210	35	0	0	0
22 Utilities	500	420	80	0	0	0
23 Construction	4,145	3,705	440	60	55	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,865	2,100	765	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,085	820	265	0	0	10
44-45 Retail trade	4,570	2,160	2,410	50	25	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,565	1,110	455	25	25	0
51 Information and cultural industries	470	250	225	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,020	280	740	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	590	275	315	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,630	715	920	10	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	30	10	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,725	1,010	710	20	10	15
61 Educational services	2,255	650	1,600	15	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	4,510	520	3,990	50	0	45
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	900	450	450	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	1,985	660	1,325	10	0	15
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,745	875	865	10	10	10
91 Public administration	2,295	1,220	1,075	25	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	33,365	17,150	16,215	290	160	135
Worked at home	3,170	1,635	1,535	15	0	10
Worked outside Canada	105	65	40	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,045	3,825	1,220	55	50	0
Worked at usual place	25,050	11,630	13,415	225	105	120
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	25,045	11,630	13,420	230	105	125
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,715	5,450	8,265	25	10	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	125	40	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,260	6,130	5,125	20	0	10
Commute to a different province or territory	75	55	25	55	50	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	30,090	15,455	14,635	280	155	130
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,305	13,665	12,640	260	145	115
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,790	900	895	10	0	10
Public transit	295	75	220	10	0	0
Walked	1,325	615	705	0	0	0
Bicycle	145	85	60	0	0	0
Other method	225	110	115	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	30,090	15,455	14,640	280	155	125
Less than 15 minutes	8,410	3,620	4,785	110	50	60
15 to 29 minutes	8,320	3,690	4,630	75	30	45
30 to 44 minutes	5,150	2,605	2,545	20	15	0
45 to 59 minutes	2,965	1,680	1,285	15	20	0
60 minutes and over	5,255	3,865	1,395	60	40	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	30,090	15,450	14,635	280	155	125
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,970	2,080	880	20	15	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,705	3,610	2,100	70	60	10
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,585	3,675	3,910	90	40	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,950	2,105	3,850	50	15	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,550	910	1,635	25	0	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,330	3,075	2,260	25	20	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	39,020	20,180	18,840	365	190	175
Single responses	38,900	20,110	18,790	310	160	150
Official languages	38,815	20,075	18,745	315	160	150
English	38,760	20,070	18,690	235	130	100
French	65	0	55	80	25	50
Non-official languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	35	30	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	30	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	115	75	45	55	30	20
English and French	45	30	15	55	35	20
English and non-official language	70	40	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	39,020	20,180	18,835	365	190	175
None	38,490	19,980	18,515	200	120	80
English	115	25	85	65	25	45
French	270	105	170	105	50	50
Non-official language	140	70	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	145	70	70	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	72,710	35,850	36,860	695	380	315
Non-movers	65,350	32,255	33,095	685	370	315
Movers	7,365	3,595	3,770	15	0	10
Non-migrants	3,400	1,695	1,705	10	0	0
Migrants	3,965	1,900	2,065	10	0	0
Internal migrants	3,795	1,830	1,965	10	10	0
Intraprovincial migrants	3,545	1,705	1,840	10	0	0
Interprovincial migrants	245	125	125	10	0	0
External migrants	170	70	100	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	70,335	34,610	35,725	675	365	305
Non-movers	48,680	24,160	24,520	565	305	255
Movers	21,660	10,450	11,210	110	60	50
Non-migrants	9,855	4,720	5,135	45	20	15
Migrants	11,800	5,735	6,075	65	35	30
Internal migrants	11,455	5,560	5,900	60	35	30
Intraprovincial migrants	10,910	5,280	5,635	30	15	15
Interprovincial migrants	540	285	265	35	20	15
External migrants	345	175	175	10	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kawartha Lakes [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Bryson, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kawartha Lakes [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Bryson, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kawartha Lakes [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Bryson, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kawartha Lakes [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Bryson, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec