Census Profile, 2016 Census
Centre Wellington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Centre Wellington Ontario [Census agglomeration]			Happy Valley-Goose Bay Newfoundland and Labrador [Population centre]
	Data quality , Centre Wellington [Census agglomeration], Ontario Map : Centre Wellington [Census agglomeration], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	28,191	...	...	6,408	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	26,693	...	...	6,518^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.6	...	...	-1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	11,499	...	...	2,592	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	10,823	...	...	2,434	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	69.2	...	...	506.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	407.54	...	...	12.66	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	28,190	13,970	14,220	6,405	3,160	3,245
0 to 14 years	4,905	2,565	2,340	1,080	520	565
0 to 4 years	1,510	815	695	370	165	200
5 to 9 years	1,680	845	835	365	175	185
10 to 14 years	1,710	900	810	345	170	175
15 to 64 years	17,555	8,745	8,810	4,550	2,280	2,265
15 to 19 years	1,735	910	825	400	215	185
20 to 24 years	1,550	805	745	420	215	210
25 to 29 years	1,390	695	695	460	220	240
30 to 34 years	1,510	740	765	390	180	215
35 to 39 years	1,555	770	780	420	200	215
40 to 44 years	1,665	820	845	470	215	255
45 to 49 years	1,825	915	910	550	305	250
50 to 54 years	2,225	1,100	1,120	570	300	265
55 to 59 years	2,145	1,045	1,100	480	230	250
60 to 64 years	1,960	935	1,020	375	200	175
65 years and over	5,730	2,665	3,070	780	365	415
65 to 69 years	1,875	890	985	285	135	155
70 to 74 years	1,300	610	690	240	120	120
75 to 79 years	1,035	495	545	145	75	70
80 to 84 years	710	350	360	65	30	35
85 years and over	810	320	490	50	10	35
85 to 89 years	515	235	280	35	5	25
90 to 94 years	250	80	175	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	45	10	35	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	5	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.4	18.4	16.5	16.9	16.5	17.4
15 to 64 years	62.3	62.6	62.0	71.0	72.2	69.8
65 years and over	20.3	19.1	21.6	12.2	11.6	12.8
85 years and over	2.9	2.3	3.4	0.8	0.3	1.1
Average age of the population	42.6	41.5	43.6	39.0	39.0	39.0
Median age of the population	44.4	42.9	45.6	40.3	40.7	39.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	10,820	...	...	2,435	...	...
Single-detached house	7,955	...	...	1,710	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	110	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,610	...	...	720	...	...
Semi-detached house	505	...	...	385	...	...
Row house	550	...	...	215	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	110	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,425	...	...	80	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	145	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	10,820	...	...	2,430	...	...
1 person	2,425	...	...	465	...	...
2 persons	4,175	...	...	930	...	...
3 persons	1,565	...	...	475	...	...
4 persons	1,700	...	...	395	...	...
5 or more persons	965	...	...	175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	27,635	...	...	6,245	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	23,290	11,410	11,880	5,325	2,645	2,680
Married or living common law	15,120	7,590	7,530	3,355	1,670	1,685
Married	13,015	6,535	6,485	2,470	1,235	1,235
Living common law	2,105	1,050	1,045	880	435	445
Not married and not living common law	8,165	3,820	4,350	1,975	975	1,000
Never married	4,950	2,745	2,210	1,445	785	655
Separated	580	250	330	75	45	30
Divorced	1,120	470	650	235	100	135
Widowed	1,510	355	1,155	225	45	175
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,395	...	...	1,945	...	...
2 persons	4,400	...	...	1,010	...	...
3 persons	1,565	...	...	465	...	...
4 persons	1,635	...	...	365	...	...
5 or more persons	790	...	...	105	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,395	...	...	1,945	...	...
Total couple families	7,460	...	...	1,640	...	...
Married couples	6,415	...	...	1,200	...	...
Common-law couples	1,050	...	...	440	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	925	...	...	310	...	...
Female parent	695	...	...	230	...	...
Male parent	235	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,460	...	...	1,640	...	...
Couples without children	3,860	...	...	810	...	...
Couples with children	3,600	...	...	830	...	...
1 child	1,270	...	...	390	...	...
2 children	1,565	...	...	340	...	...
3 or more children	770	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	930	...	...	310	...	...
1 child	540	...	...	205	...	...
2 children	295	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more children	90	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,270	1,475	1,800	835	395	440
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	10,825	...	...	2,435	...	...
One-census-family households	8,005	...	...	1,815	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,685	...	...	750	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,320	...	...	1,065	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	190	...	...	65	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,625	...	...	555	...	...
One-person households	2,420	...	...	465	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	205	...	...	90	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	27,660	13,765	13,900	6,340	3,110	3,235
English only	25,830	13,000	12,830	5,965	2,940	3,020
French only	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and French	1,765	730	1,035	365	160	205
Neither English nor French	60	30	30	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	27,660	13,760	13,900	6,340	3,110	3,235
English	27,325	13,610	13,715	6,275	3,070	3,200
French	250	110	140	45	25	25
English and French	25	10	15	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	60	30	30	10	10	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	260	115	150	55	30	25
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.8	1.1	0.9	1.0	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	27,660	13,765	13,900	6,340	3,110	3,235
Single responses	27,505	13,695	13,810	6,270	3,080	3,190
Official languages	25,615	12,740	12,870	5,975	2,935	3,040
English	25,345	12,625	12,715	5,915	2,905	3,015
French	270	115	155	55	25	25
Non-official languages	1,890	950	940	300	145	150
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	85	25	55
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	45	15	30
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	45	15	30
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	35	15	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,890	950	940	215	115	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	5	5	0
Amharic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	75	35	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	15	20	70	30	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	5	5	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,620	825	795	110	70	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	85	95	5	5	5
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	175	80	90	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	30	25	5	0	0
Russian	25	10	20	5	0	0
Serbian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,030	535	495	25	20	5
Afrikaans	10	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	5	0	0	0
Dutch	435	235	205	0	0	0
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	520	265	260	20	15	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	5	10	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	105	65	40	55	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages	100	55	40	60	35	25
Bengali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	20	15	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	15	0	5	5	0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	280	135	145	20	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	100	55	45	5	5	5
Portuguese	70	25	45	10	5	5
Romanian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Spanish	65	30	35	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30	5	0	5
Chinese languages	50	20	30	5	0	5
Cantonese	20	15	10	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	5	15	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Estonian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	20	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	70	85	70	30	40
English and French	55	25	30	10	5	5
English and non-official language	95	40	55	60	20	40
French and non-official language	5	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	27,660	13,760	13,900	6,340	3,105	3,230
Single responses	27,395	13,630	13,760	6,240	3,060	3,175
Official languages	26,870	13,370	13,495	6,100	2,995	3,110
English	26,825	13,355	13,470	6,085	2,990	3,105
French	45	20	20	15	10	5
Non-official languages	520	260	265	135	70	70
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	5	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	520	260	270	115	65	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	10	0	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	10	10	35	20	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	5	10	35	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	410	200	210	60	40	25
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	50	20	30	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	5	5	5
Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	245	125	120	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	50	20	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	180	95	85	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	45	20	25	40	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	20	40	25	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	20	15	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35	15	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	0	5	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	10	5	0
Romanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	15	0	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	270	125	140	100	45	55
English and French	20	5	15	5	0	0
English and non-official language	240	120	120	95	40	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	27,665	13,760	13,900	6,340	3,110	3,230
None	26,415	13,200	13,215	6,095	3,000	3,100
English	280	140	145	85	40	40
French	310	120	190	45	15	35
Non-official language	645	300	345	115	50	55
Aboriginal	0	0	0	45	15	25
Non-Aboriginal	645	300	345	70	35	35
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	22,735	11,190	11,550	5,180	2,540	2,640
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,035	10,870	11,165	5,045	2,490	2,560
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,963	48,197	32,957	46,371	58,176	37,389
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,050	10,870	11,180	5,045	2,490	2,560
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,604	41,984	30,037	40,688	49,312	33,429
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,850	10,450	10,400	4,630	2,345	2,280
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,726	45,518	28,616	46,891	59,418	37,589
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,960	6,620	8,345	3,155	1,320	1,835
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,256	4,862	6,812	6,192	6,768	5,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,880	8,820	8,065	4,205	2,145	2,060
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,659	46,330	29,980	48,429	62,528	38,997
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	22,740	11,140	11,595	5,160	2,545	2,620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,965	10,785	11,180	5,025	2,480	2,540
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,700	57,960	39,768	56,864	67,759	46,214
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,990	10,785	11,205	5,020	2,480	2,540
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,692	47,503	34,136	38,502	53,782	23,566
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,790	10,390	10,395	4,605	2,325	2,280
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,699	55,304	36,100	56,644	67,514	45,572
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,705	6,430	8,275	3,175	1,375	1,795
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,139	7,837	8,374	7,764	8,196	7,433
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	16,880	8,770	8,115	4,165	2,120	2,050
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,896	53,462	35,642	58,012	68,442	47,205
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	22,740	11,145	11,595	5,160	2,540	2,620
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	8,755	5,165	3,595	2,135	1,110	1,025
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,358	61,203	48,262	65,503	75,031	59,259
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	63,105	69,705	53,634	74,727	85,409	63,157
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.2	92.1	85.2	91.5	93.6	87.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.5	75.1	66.6	84.0	86.2	80.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.8	7.9	14.9	8.6	6.3	12.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	22,740	11,185	11,555	5,180	2,540	2,640
Without total income	700	320	380	130	55	80
With total income	22,040	10,870	11,165	5,045	2,490	2,555
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.2	96.6	97.4	98.0	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,495	1,005	1,490	595	240	350
$10,000 to $19,999	3,060	1,065	1,990	545	205	335
$20,000 to $29,999	2,775	1,130	1,645	580	205	370
$30,000 to $39,999	2,695	1,205	1,495	540	235	305
$40,000 to $49,999	2,505	1,240	1,270	450	190	265
$50,000 to $59,999	2,210	1,140	1,070	410	195	215
$60,000 to $69,999	1,665	975	685	370	180	190
$70,000 to $79,999	1,100	705	390	310	145	160
$80,000 to $89,999	865	560	305	275	165	110
$90,000 to $99,999	840	490	350	225	150	80
$100,000 and over	1,825	1,355	470	745	575	170
$100,000 to $149,999	1,270	920	350	575	425	145
$150,000 and over	560	435	120	175	145	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	22,740	11,185	11,550	5,180	2,545	2,640
Without after-tax income	690	320	370	135	50	80
With after-tax income	22,050	10,870	11,180	5,045	2,485	2,555
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.2	96.8	97.4	97.6	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,610	1,030	1,580	610	245	360
$10,000 to $19,999	3,210	1,140	2,070	595	220	370
$20,000 to $29,999	3,320	1,385	1,935	665	250	415
$30,000 to $39,999	3,340	1,560	1,785	630	280	350
$40,000 to $49,999	3,030	1,540	1,490	600	270	330
$50,000 to $59,999	2,150	1,250	900	495	235	260
$60,000 to $69,999	1,385	910	470	410	220	185
$70,000 to $79,999	1,170	710	460	345	220	125
$80,000 and over	1,840	1,345	500	700	545	150
$80,000 to $89,999	645	440	205	205	145	60
$90,000 to $99,999	370	265	110	190	145	40
$100,000 and over	825	640	185	310	255	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	22,740	11,185	11,555	5,180	2,540	2,640
Without employment income	5,855	2,365	3,490	975	395	580
With employment income	16,880	8,820	8,060	4,205	2,145	2,060
Percentage with employment income	74.2	78.9	69.8	81.2	84.4	78.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,370	1,130	1,245	400	175	225
$5,000 to $9,999	1,325	570	755	280	110	175
$10,000 to $19,999	1,895	785	1,110	375	160	215
$20,000 to $29,999	1,565	645	920	355	130	220
$30,000 to $39,999	1,695	735	960	370	165	205
$40,000 to $49,999	1,695	855	845	390	155	240
$50,000 to $59,999	1,535	845	690	315	140	175
$60,000 to $69,999	1,195	740	455	310	155	150
$70,000 to $79,999	840	565	275	285	150	135
$80,000 and over	2,765	1,950	810	1,120	805	315
$80,000 to $89,999	670	430	240	270	160	105
$90,000 to $99,999	705	420	275	200	130	65
$100,000 and over	1,400	1,100	295	655	510	145
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	10,825	...	...	2,435	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,149	...	...	106,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,819	...	...	88,855	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,425	...	...	465	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,229	...	...	42,624	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,584	...	...	36,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	8,405	...	...	1,965	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,209	...	...	124,046	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,101	...	...	101,931	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	10,825	...	...	2,415	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,830	...	...	118,172	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	82,668	...	...	80,013	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,420	...	...	455	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,784	...	...	67,972	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,655	...	...	- 31,015	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	8,410	...	...	1,960	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	113,793	...	...	129,851	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,035	...	...	105,844	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	10,820	...	...	2,435	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	150	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	245	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	285	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	290	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	380	...	...	85	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	385	...	...	90	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	390	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	420	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	835	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	785	...	...	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	730	...	...	135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	730	...	...	125	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	690	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,370	...	...	1,290	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,450	...	...	275	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,015	...	...	300	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,110	...	...	405	...	...
$200,000 and over	790	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,825	...	...	2,435	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	70	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	165	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	250	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	330	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	350	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	460	...	...	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	475	...	...	90	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	475	...	...	70	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	530	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	970	...	...	155	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	900	...	...	145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	925	...	...	160	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	870	...	...	160	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	765	...	...	155	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,210	...	...	1,045	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,380	...	...	370	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	820	...	...	305	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,005	...	...	370	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,255	...	...	1,910	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,965	...	...	124,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,837	...	...	101,803	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,625	...	...	720	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,076	...	...	110,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,971	...	...	91,392	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,640	...	...	845	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,985	...	...	148,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,376	...	...	123,136	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	855	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,592	...	...	60,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,320	...	...	54,528	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,255	...	...	1,905	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	113,855	...	...	128,276	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,036	...	...	104,439	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,630	...	...	750	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,874	...	...	123,728	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,507	...	...	99,314	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,655	...	...	830	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	141,216	...	...	150,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,517	...	...	122,621	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	845	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,560	...	...	78,104	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,636	...	...	65,928	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,920	1,335	1,590	665	325	340
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	38,649	43,776	35,008	38,144	39,936	37,632
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,360	37,888	31,643	34,253	34,560	33,664
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,885	1,275	1,610	705	350	355
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	45,015	48,517	42,235	58,432	64,695	52,191
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,228	40,544	36,390	0	48,189	- 63,638
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	27,635	13,745	13,885	6,245	3,050	3,195
In the bottom half of the distribution	10,680	5,100	5,585	1,930	885	1,040
In the bottom decile	1,270	590	680	370	165	205
In the second decile	1,630	710	920	385	175	210
In the third decile	2,310	1,070	1,235	380	165	215
In the fourth decile	2,560	1,275	1,280	420	200	220
In the fifth decile	2,915	1,455	1,465	385	185	200
In the top half of the distribution	16,955	8,645	8,310	4,315	2,165	2,150
In the sixth decile	3,240	1,655	1,585	485	240	245
In the seventh decile	3,390	1,750	1,635	585	275	310
In the eighth decile	3,760	1,910	1,845	935	460	470
In the ninth decile	3,680	1,875	1,800	1,115	570	545
In the top decile	2,895	1,450	1,445	1,195	620	580
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	27,635	13,745	13,890	6,250	3,055	3,195
0 to 17 years	5,915	3,090	2,830	1,310	650	665
0 to 5 years	1,845	995	850	430	205	220
18 to 64 years	16,465	8,175	8,290	4,180	2,060	2,120
65 years and over	5,250	2,480	2,775	750	350	405
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,960	875	1,090	535	235	300
0 to 17 years	505	235	275	175	75	95
0 to 5 years	170	75	90	55	30	30
18 to 64 years	1,095	505	585	275	130	150
65 years and over	360	125	235	80	30	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	7.1	6.4	7.8	8.6	7.7	9.4
0 to 17 years (%)	8.5	7.6	9.7	13.4	11.5	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	9.2	7.5	10.6	12.8	14.6	13.6
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	6.2	7.1	6.6	6.3	7.1
65 years and over (%)	6.9	5.0	8.5	10.7	8.6	13.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	810	380	425	235	110	125
0 to 17 years	185	85	105	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	65	30	35	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	575	285	290	160	75	85
65 years and over	50	10	35	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	2.8	3.1	3.8	3.6	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	3.1	2.8	3.7	4.6	3.8	5.3
0 to 5 years (%)	3.5	3.0	4.1	5.8	7.3	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	3.5	3.5	3.5	3.8	3.6	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.0	0.4	1.3	2.0	1.4	2.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	27,635	13,745	13,885	6,240	3,040	3,205
Official languages	27,610	13,730	13,880	6,240	3,035	3,205
English	27,610	13,730	13,880	6,240	3,035	3,205
French	1,715	725	995	335	135	200
Non-official languages	2,390	1,215	1,175	410	190	220
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	110	30	80
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	10	35
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	75	25	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	55	10	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,395	1,220	1,180	300	160	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	0	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	0	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	10	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	10	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	35	105	45	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	15	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	15	35	105	45	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	10	0	10	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	10	0	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	10	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,060	1,070	995	160	105	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	200	105	95	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	195	110	90	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Czech	35	20	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	45	40	0	0	0
Russian	20	15	10	0	10	0
Serbian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,175	615	555	40	30	20
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	520	265	260	0	0	0
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	685	380	305	40	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	15	25	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	130	75	55	75	50	25
Indo-Aryan languages	95	60	30	70	50	25
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hindi	35	20	10	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	20	15	50	35	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Urdu	20	15	10	10	10	0
Iranian languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	35	15	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	555	285	265	35	25	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	90	55	35	10	0	0
Portuguese	110	60	50	10	10	0
Romanian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Spanish	315	140	175	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	10	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	0	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	15	0	10	10
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	25	25	10	0	10
Chinese languages	45	20	25	15	10	10
Cantonese	30	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	75	30	50	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	30	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	27,635	13,745	13,890	6,240	3,040	3,205
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	26,965	13,420	13,550	5,990	2,895	3,095
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,920	3,175	2,745	1,290	585	705
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,045	10,240	10,805	4,700	2,310	2,395
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	670	330	340	250	145	105
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	27,635	13,745	13,890	6,245	3,040	3,205
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	24,775	12,325	12,455	5,845	2,805	3,045
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,810	1,395	1,415	265	170	100
Before 1981	1,760	900	860	65	35	30
1981 to 1990	325	130	195	40	30	15
1991 to 2000	295	140	155	35	25	10
2001 to 2010	320	170	155	55	30	20
2001 to 2005	165	95	75	30	25	0
2006 to 2010	150	70	80	25	0	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	110	60	55	75	50	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	50	25	20	130	65	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,810	1,395	1,415	265	170	100
Under 5 years	470	250	220	15	15	0
5 to 14 years	630	345	290	40	30	15
15 to 24 years	660	285	370	65	25	35
25 to 44 years	965	480	485	130	90	40
45 years and over	90	40	50	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,815	1,395	1,415	265	165	95
Americas	290	140	155	30	20	15
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	15	10	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	180	75	105	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	55	35	20	15	0	10
Europe	2,215	1,115	1,100	135	100	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Germany	160	85	70	25	15	15
Greece	15	10	0	10	0	0
Hungary	45	25	25	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Italy	30	25	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	375	195	175	0	0	0
Poland	55	25	25	0	0	0
Portugal	40	15	25	15	15	10
Romania	50	35	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,195	565	625	70	50	20
Other places of birth in Europe	140	85	60	0	10	0
Africa	45	20	20	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15	0	0	0
Asia	250	115	135	85	45	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	10	0	0	0
India	65	40	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Philippines	55	20	35	65	40	25
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	0	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	115	55	55	70	45	25
Americas	15	0	15	10	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	40	30	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	50	25	25	60	40	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	15	60	40	20
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	27,635	13,745	13,890	6,240	3,035	3,200
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,990	1,480	1,510	400	230	170
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,795	2,385	2,415	160	85	75
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	19,845	9,880	9,965	5,680	2,720	2,965
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,110	530	580	200	130	70
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	740	370	370	115	70	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	285	215	65	65	35	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	460	155	305	55	30	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	295	120	175	85	55	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	60	40	25	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	27,635	13,750	13,885	6,240	3,040	3,205
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	495	225	270	2,965	1,410	1,560
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	445	200	240	2,905	1,380	1,530
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	250	105	145	140	40	105
Métis	180	90	85	1,130	585	540
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	1,640	750	890
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	40	20	20	50	25	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	27,140	13,520	13,620	3,275	1,630	1,645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	27,635	13,745	13,890	6,245	3,035	3,205
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	125	55	75	225	95	135
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	27,505	13,695	13,815	6,015	2,945	3,075
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	27,635	13,745	13,890	6,245	3,040	3,205
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	80	35	45	1,215	590	620
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	80	40	45	1,095	525	570
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	65	20	45	115	35	75
Métis single ancestry	15	15	0	235	115	120
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	750	375	375
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	115	65	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	100	60	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	760	330	425	1,615	750	860
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	730	325	405	1,370	635	730
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	515	215	300	150	45	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	175	90	85	375	195	180
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	15	25	845	395	450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	0	20	245	115	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	20	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	100	55	45
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	140	55	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	26,795	13,380	13,415	3,420	1,700	1,720
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	27,635	13,750	13,890	6,240	3,040	3,205
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	770	380	390	265	145	120
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	200	110	85	80	55	25
Chinese	125	55	70	0	0	10
Black	110	45	65	20	10	0
Filipino	70	35	35	125	55	70
Latin American	45	20	20	15	10	0
Arab	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	80	20	55	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	40	25	20	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	30	10	0	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	26,870	13,365	13,500	5,980	2,895	3,080
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	27,635	13,750	13,890	6,240	3,035	3,205
North American Aboriginal origins	840	365	475	2,825	1,345	1,485
First Nations (North American Indian)	605	245	365	390	145	240
Inuit	40	20	25	1,945	950	995
Métis	215	110	105	860	435	425
Other North American origins	9,025	4,645	4,380	2,725	1,270	1,455
Acadian	30	15	15	10	0	0
American	335	180	150	30	10	25
Canadian	8,805	4,535	4,260	2,670	1,255	1,415
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	30	25	0	35	15	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	22,780	11,220	11,565	2,950	1,460	1,495
British Isles origins	17,440	8,485	8,950	2,670	1,295	1,375
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	10,355	5,020	5,335	2,005	995	1,010
Irish	7,145	3,305	3,840	670	275	390
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	8,640	4,180	4,460	580	260	320
Welsh	935	485	450	40	20	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,020	470	550	60	20	40
French origins	2,295	1,100	1,195	355	160	195
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,285	1,095	1,195	355	160	195
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,885	3,925	3,965	170	95	75
Austrian	160	55	105	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Dutch	3,025	1,430	1,595	40	35	10
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	4,800	2,430	2,370	140	70	70
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	430	225	205	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	685	345	340	70	30	40
Danish	205	90	115	0	10	0
Finnish	110	70	45	15	0	10
Icelandic	45	15	35	0	0	0
Norwegian	140	75	70	45	15	25
Swedish	185	110	85	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	30	15	10	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	2,145	1,015	1,125	55	20	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	130	70	60	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Estonian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	370	195	170	10	10	10
Latvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	895	395	500	35	0	25
Romanian	85	55	30	0	0	0
Russian	200	95	110	25	15	15
Slovak	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	670	325	345	10	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,735	880	860	125	60	65
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	75	55	20	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	135	60	80	10	10	10
Italian	1,065	560	510	45	20	20
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	90	55	40	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	195	95	100	25	15	15
Serbian	65	20	40	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	40	10	35	0	0	0
Spanish	175	90	85	35	25	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	85	35	50	45	20	20
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	65	30	35	10	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	0	10	35	20	15
Caribbean origins	130	65	65	15	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	60	25	35	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	10	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	210	110	105	15	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	10	10	10	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	45	20	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	10	10	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	50	25	20	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	95	60	40	10	10	10
Central and West African origins	15	0	10	15	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	0	15	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	55	35	20	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	50	30	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	20	20	0	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Asian origins	710	355	355	240	115	125
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	85	55	35	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	20	10	10	10	10
Palestinian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	230	130	105	80	55	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	160	90	65	60	40	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	75	35	35	10	10	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	395	175	220	150	65	85
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	160	70	90	15	0	10
Filipino	80	35	45	140	60	75
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	65	45	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	20	50	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	15	10	10	10	0
Australian	20	15	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	10,825	...	...	2,415	...	...
Owner	8,855	...	...	1,655	...	...
Renter	1,965	...	...	765	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	10,825	...	...	2,415	...	...
Condominium	730	...	...	40	...	...
Not condominium	10,095	...	...	2,380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	10,820	...	...	2,415	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	850	...	...	160	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,375	...	...	585	...	...
3 bedrooms	4,680	...	...	1,000	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,900	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	10,820	...	...	2,420	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,755	...	...	460	...	...
5 rooms	1,400	...	...	435	...	...
6 rooms	1,790	...	...	355	...	...
7 rooms	1,645	...	...	350	...	...
8 or more rooms	4,235	...	...	815	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	10,825	...	...	2,415	...	...
One person or fewer per room	10,775	...	...	2,380	...	...
More than 1 person per room	50	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	10,820	...	...	2,415	...	...
Suitable	10,570	...	...	2,275	...	...
Not suitable	255	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	10,820	...	...	2,415	...	...
1960 or before	2,525	...	...	360	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,520	...	...	675	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,625	...	...	450	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,770	...	...	515	...	...
2001 to 2005	950	...	...	170	...	...
2006 to 2010	495	...	...	110	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	945	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	10,820	...	...	2,420	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	10,295	...	...	2,245	...	...
Major repairs needed	530	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	10,825	...	...	2,415	...	...
1 household maintainer	5,590	...	...	1,315	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,085	...	...	1,060	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	150	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	10,820	...	...	2,420	...	...
15 to 24 years	140	...	...	90	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,195	...	...	305	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,740	...	...	470	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,085	...	...	595	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,345	...	...	510	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,805	...	...	290	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,100	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	410	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	10,500	...	...	2,410	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,480	...	...	2,130	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	2,010	...	...	280	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,785	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,545	...	...	1,655	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.2	...	...	66.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.1	...	...	7.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,304	...	...	1,209	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,385	...	...	1,225	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	383,137	...	...	299,591	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	425,809	...	...	315,849	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,960	...	...	760	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.5	...	...	28.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	41.3	...	...	19.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,001	...	...	874	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,052	...	...	874	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	22,740	11,145	11,595	5,160	2,540	2,615
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,930	2,190	1,740	1,155	595	565
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,735	3,310	3,425	1,140	500	640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,080	5,645	6,435	2,865	1,450	1,415
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,885	1,415	475	710	550	160
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	830	515	315	375	250	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,055	900	160	330	295	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,555	2,195	3,360	1,360	615	750
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	400	200	200	145	55	90
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,240	1,835	2,405	655	235	420
Bachelor's degree	2,815	1,135	1,675	500	155	340
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	300	120	180	25	10	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	145	55	85	25	0	25
Master's degree	815	410	405	100	60	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	170	105	60	0	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,235	6,925	7,310	3,605	1,805	1,800
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,315	755	565	495	265	230
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,020	2,075	1,945	695	320	370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,900	4,100	4,800	2,410	1,225	1,190
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,220	920	300	560	445	115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	560	340	220	300	205	95
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	655	580	85	260	235	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,160	1,715	2,445	1,160	525	635
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	265	145	125	105	50	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,255	1,320	1,935	585	205	385
Bachelor's degree	2,215	880	1,335	450	135	305
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	210	75	135	20	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	30	70	25	10	25
Master's degree	630	285	345	90	55	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	50	45	0	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	22,740	11,140	11,595	5,160	2,545	2,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	10,665	5,500	5,165	2,295	1,095	1,200
Education	825	195	630	175	40	140
13. Education	825	195	630	180	35	140
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	420	205	220	30	10	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	25	15	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	380	180	200	25	0	25
Humanities	700	270	430	95	30	60
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	45	0	40	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	265	85	185	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	120	30	95	40	0	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	30	25	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	65	45	20	20	15	0
54. History	135	65	65	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,365	360	1,005	165	50	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	20	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	95	15	80	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	355	25	335	55	10	50
22. Legal professions and studies	160	55	105	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	10	50	0	10	0
42. Psychology	230	30	195	25	0	20
45. Social sciences	445	220	220	50	15	35
Business, management and public administration	1,945	630	1,310	670	125	545
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	45	200	60	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,700	585	1,115	595	115	480
Physical and life sciences and technologies	425	205	215	40	30	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	240	105	130	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	15	40	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	95	65	30	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	255	140	115	65	25	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	165	105	55	65	25	40
25. Library science	20	0	15	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	20	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,660	2,450	210	885	780	105
04. Architecture and related services	85	55	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	280	230	55	35	30	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620	560	60	170	140	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	590	575	15	305	280	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	670	645	25	290	250	40
48. Precision production	410	395	15	85	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	645	460	180	70	30	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	490	365	130	25	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	105	55	50	30	25
Health and related fields	1,995	310	1,690	270	45	225
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	160	70	95	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,815	230	1,585	245	30	210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	0	15	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	840	415	425	400	285	110
12. Personal and culinary services	435	65	365	115	40	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	245	200	45	50	40	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	165	150	10	235	210	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,235	6,925	7,305	3,605	1,805	1,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,330	2,820	2,515	1,195	585	605
Education	585	120	470	140	35	100
13. Education	585	120	465	135	35	105
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	315	160	150	20	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	15	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	275	135	140	20	0	15
Humanities	485	185	295	65	30	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	0	40	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	190	55	130	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	25	55	25	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	20	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	30	10	15	10	10
54. History	90	45	40	15	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,045	260	780	155	50	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	15	45	10	15	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	265	10	260	55	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	130	30	100	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	0	40	10	0	0
42. Psychology	190	30	160	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	330	170	160	50	10	35
Business, management and public administration	1,535	500	1,040	615	115	510
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	195	35	160	60	0	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,345	465	880	545	105	440
Physical and life sciences and technologies	330	160	175	35	25	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	200	85	110	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	20	35	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	60	40	25	10	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	205	115	95	60	15	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	100	55	60	15	40
25. Library science	0	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	10	30	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,855	1,695	160	720	630	80
04. Architecture and related services	55	30	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	200	160	40	30	25	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	420	370	45	140	120	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	415	405	15	240	220	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	470	450	15	235	200	35
48. Precision production	290	275	15	70	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	490	335	160	65	30	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	365	250	115	15	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	130	85	45	50	30	20
Health and related fields	1,395	220	1,170	210	30	180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	125	50	70	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,250	160	1,090	190	20	165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	10	10	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	650	350	300	330	260	65
12. Personal and culinary services	305	60	245	85	35	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	210	165	45	40	30	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	125	10	205	195	10
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	22,740	11,140	11,595	5,160	2,540	2,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,660	5,500	5,160	2,295	1,095	1,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,080	5,640	6,435	2,865	1,450	1,415
Location of study inside Canada	11,135	5,080	6,055	2,645	1,340	1,300
Same as province or territory of residence	10,545	4,820	5,730	2,140	1,090	1,045
Different than province or territory of residence	590	265	330	505	250	255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	940	560	380	220	110	115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	240	140	100	20	15	0
Philippines	30	10	20	90	25	60
India	40	25	20	20	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	355	235	120	35	30	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	270	145	120	60	25	35
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,235	6,925	7,310	3,605	1,810	1,800
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,335	2,825	2,510	1,195	585	605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,895	4,100	4,800	2,415	1,220	1,190
Location of study inside Canada	8,360	3,810	4,555	2,230	1,130	1,100
Same as province or territory of residence	7,920	3,605	4,310	1,780	910	865
Different than province or territory of residence	445	200	240	450	215	235
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	535	290	245	185	90	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	155	80	80	10	10	0
Philippines	30	10	25	85	30	55
India	40	20	15	15	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	135	90	45	30	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	175	85	90	40	20	20
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	22,735	11,140	11,595	5,165	2,545	2,620
In the labour force	15,215	8,005	7,205	3,665	1,890	1,770
Employed	14,640	7,710	6,930	3,360	1,705	1,655
Unemployed	575	300	280	305	190	115
Not in the labour force	7,525	3,135	4,390	1,500	650	850
Participation rate	66.9	71.9	62.1	71.0	74.3	67.6
Employment rate	64.4	69.2	59.8	65.1	67.0	63.2
Unemployment rate	3.8	3.7	3.9	8.3	10.1	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	22,735	11,140	11,600	5,165	2,540	2,620
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,665	2,700	3,960	1,195	515	680
Worked	16,075	8,440	7,635	3,965	2,025	1,940
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	9,040	5,345	3,690	2,160	1,130	1,025
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,040	3,095	3,945	1,805	895	905
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.2	45.1	43.1	42.0	41.7	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	15,210	8,010	7,210	3,665	1,890	1,770
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	135	75	60	30	25	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	15,080	7,930	7,150	3,635	1,870	1,770
Employee	12,830	6,655	6,175	3,490	1,780	1,710
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,250	1,275	980	150	85	65
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	15,210	8,005	7,205	3,665	1,890	1,770
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	135	70	60	30	25	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	15,080	7,930	7,145	3,635	1,870	1,770
0 Management occupations	1,820	1,230	585	345	210	135
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,075	510	1,570	535	115	415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	765	565	200	225	180	40
3 Health occupations	1,075	160	915	230	35	190
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,775	575	1,200	475	140	340
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	500	215	280	45	10	35
6 Sales and service occupations	2,965	1,150	1,820	865	355	510
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,600	2,455	145	810	730	85
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	505	345	160	50	45	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,000	730	265	50	50	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	15,210	8,005	7,210	3,670	1,895	1,775
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	130	75	60	25	25	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	15,080	7,935	7,150	3,635	1,870	1,770
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	645	405	240	40	30	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	40	30	10	110	85	30
22 Utilities	90	75	15	60	55	10
23 Construction	1,340	1,180	155	475	360	115
31-33 Manufacturing	2,315	1,740	570	80	60	20
41 Wholesale trade	610	400	210	115	80	35
44-45 Retail trade	1,490	685	810	395	195	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	490	330	160	250	175	75
51 Information and cultural industries	210	130	75	35	30	10
52 Finance and insurance	560	185	370	45	15	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	210	100	105	50	35	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	945	460	480	125	70	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	675	355	320	185	110	80
61 Educational services	1,425	480	945	195	60	135
62 Health care and social assistance	1,650	230	1,420	520	95	430
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	335	155	185	30	10	25
72 Accommodation and food services	790	335	460	335	145	190
81 Other services (except public administration)	645	325	320	135	65	65
91 Public administration	625	325	295	440	195	245
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	14,635	7,715	6,925	3,360	1,705	1,660
Worked at home	1,480	755	720	85	35	50
Worked outside Canada	30	25	10	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	1,530	1,125	410	270	210	60
Worked at usual place	11,595	5,805	5,785	3,005	1,465	1,545
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	11,595	5,810	5,785	3,010	1,465	1,545
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,790	2,095	2,690	2,755	1,305	1,445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	3,945	2,030	1,910	205	140	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	2,845	1,660	1,185	35	10	30
Commute to a different province or territory	20	20	10	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	13,125	6,930	6,195	3,275	1,670	1,605
Car, truck, van - as a driver	11,380	6,090	5,285	2,665	1,325	1,340
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	760	360	405	220	80	140
Public transit	75	30	45	130	90	40
Walked	710	340	370	80	30	50
Bicycle	70	45	20	0	0	0
Other method	140	60	80	165	135	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	13,125	6,930	6,195	3,275	1,665	1,605
Less than 15 minutes	4,490	2,010	2,475	2,285	1,030	1,260
15 to 29 minutes	3,550	1,850	1,700	570	355	215
30 to 44 minutes	3,170	1,795	1,375	105	75	30
45 to 59 minutes	930	540	380	120	45	75
60 minutes and over	990	725	260	200	160	40
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	13,125	6,930	6,200	3,275	1,670	1,610
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	990	755	230	255	160	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,690	1,830	860	305	230	75
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,735	1,905	1,825	1,350	690	660
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,655	980	1,680	795	320	470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,120	370	750	240	100	145
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,935	1,090	850	330	170	160
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	16,495	8,605	7,890	4,065	2,085	1,985
Single responses	16,445	8,590	7,860	4,065	2,085	1,980
Official languages	16,385	8,560	7,825	4,055	2,085	1,975
English	16,345	8,550	7,795	4,055	2,085	1,970
French	35	10	25	0	0	0
Non-official languages	60	30	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	25	30	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	65	30	30	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	60	30	35	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	20	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	35	0	0	0
English and French	30	0	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	16,495	8,605	7,885	4,070	2,085	1,985
None	16,100	8,420	7,680	3,985	2,065	1,920
English	85	35	45	10	0	0
French	155	50	100	30	10	25
Non-official language	140	90	50	45	10	35
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	140	90	55	30	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	27,295	13,570	13,730	6,190	3,015	3,175
Non-movers	24,175	12,055	12,120	5,590	2,740	2,850
Movers	3,120	1,510	1,610	600	275	325
Non-migrants	1,200	575	625	340	150	195
Migrants	1,920	940	980	255	125	135
Internal migrants	1,835	895	940	240	115	125
Intraprovincial migrants	1,735	855	880	135	50	85
Interprovincial migrants	105	45	60	110	65	45
External migrants	85	40	45	15	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	26,055	12,905	13,155	5,885	2,875	3,010
Non-movers	17,005	8,470	8,540	4,050	1,970	2,080
Movers	9,050	4,435	4,615	1,835	900	930
Non-migrants	3,760	1,840	1,920	995	485	510
Migrants	5,285	2,595	2,695	840	415	420
Internal migrants	5,105	2,500	2,605	665	320	345
Intraprovincial migrants	4,750	2,340	2,410	355	175	185
Interprovincial migrants	355	160	195	310	150	160
External migrants	180	90	85	170	95	80

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Centre Wellington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Centre Wellington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Centre Wellington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Centre Wellington [Census agglomeration], Ontario and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador